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Portrait of Emil Frommel

Emil Frommel

Heath’s Modern Language Series

Snowed in

A student story

von

von

Emil Frommel

Emil Frommel

WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES AND VOCABULARY

WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES, AND VOCABULARY

BY

BY

Dr. WILHELM BERNHARDT

Dr. Wilhelm Bernhardt

BOSTON, U.S.A.

Boston, USA

D.C. HEATH & CO., PUBLISHERS

D.C. Heath & Co., Publishers

1908

1908






Copyright, 1899

Copyright, 1899

By Wilhelm Bernhardt

By Wilhelm Bernhardt


The ranks of those illustrious men who a few decades ago, in war and peace, stood by the side of Emperor Wilhelm I.—of glorious memory—have gradually thinned. On the 9th of November, 1896, another of the few then surviving—Dr. Emil Frommel, Supreme Councillor of the Prussian Consistory, formerly chaplain to the Imperial Court and pastor of the “Garnisonkirche” in Berlin—closed his eyes forever. He was a man whose eminent gifts, both of mind and heart, had been thoroughly tested and fully appreciated not only by his personal friend, the old Emperor, but also by the latter’s son, the noble-hearted and much lamented Friedrich, and his grandson, Wilhelm II., the present shaper of the destiny of the Fatherland. Frommel was a minister of the gospel “by divine grace,” possessed of a deep and unaffected piety and love for mankind, an enrapturing pulpit-orator, a scholar of clear and keen intellect, a man endowed with the purest nobility of soul and intrepid courage, a writer for the masses, in whom the acme of moral gravity appeared felicitously blended with an always present and all refreshing humor, a fervent patriot and accomplished courtier, though far from every courtly flattery and obsequiousness.

The ranks of those remarkable men who, just a few decades ago, stood by Emperor Wilhelm I—who is fondly remembered—have gradually diminished. On November 9, 1896, one of the last remaining, Dr. Emil Frommel, Supreme Councillor of the Prussian Consistory, former chaplain to the Imperial Court, and pastor of the “Garnisonkirche” in Berlin, passed away. He was a man whose exceptional talents, both intellectually and emotionally, had been thoroughly recognized and appreciated not only by his close friend, the old Emperor, but also by the Emperor’s son, the noble-hearted and greatly missed Friedrich, as well as his grandson, Wilhelm II, who is currently shaping the destiny of the Fatherland. Frommel was a minister of the gospel “by divine grace,” with a genuine and deep piety and love for humanity, a captivating speaker, a scholar with sharp intellect, a person of the highest nobility of spirit and fearless courage, a writer for the masses who skillfully blended serious moral weight with a refreshing sense of humor, a passionate patriot, and an accomplished courtier, completely free from any form of flattery or servility.

Emil Frommel was a native of Southern Germany. Born at Karlsruhe, in the grand-duchy of Baden, on January 5th, 1828, as the son of the director of the ducal art gallery of that place, he devoted himself to the study of theology at the universities of Halle, Erlangen, and Heidelberg. In 1850, he was called as vicar to the village of Alt-Lussheim, near Schwetzingen (Baden), whence four years later he went as vicar to Karlsruhe, his native town. In 1864, he followed a call to Barmen, that great industrial center of Westphalia, and again five years later, he accepted the place as pastor of the “Garnisonkirche” in Berlin. Hardly had he become familiar with his new surroundings, when, in the summer of 1870, the Franco-German war broke out. As a field chaplain he followed the army into France, camping amidst his beloved “blue soldier-boys” during the siege of Strassburg, and preaching to them, after the surrender of that old stronghold, the first German sermon in St. Thomas’ church.—In June, 1871, on the triumphal return of the Berlin garrison, Frommel occupied again the pulpit of the “Garnisonkirche” and delivered in the presence of the Emperor and the allied German sovereigns that memorable sermon in commemoration of the heroic dead. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the consecration of the “Garnisonkirche,” he was created chaplain to the Imperial Court.

Emil Frommel was from Southern Germany. He was born in Karlsruhe, in the grand-duchy of Baden, on January 5, 1828, as the son of the director of the ducal art gallery in that city. He focused on studying theology at the universities of Halle, Erlangen, and Heidelberg. In 1850, he became a vicar in the village of Alt-Lussheim, near Schwetzingen (Baden), and four years later, he moved to Karlsruhe, his hometown, as a vicar. In 1864, he accepted a position in Barmen, a major industrial center in Westphalia, and five years after that, he took on the role of pastor at the “Garnisonkirche” in Berlin. Just as he was getting used to his new environment, the Franco-German war erupted in the summer of 1870. Serving as a field chaplain, he followed the army into France, camped alongside his beloved “blue soldier-boys” during the siege of Strassburg, and preached to them the first German sermon in St. Thomas’ church after the surrender of that historic stronghold. In June 1871, when the Berlin garrison returned triumphantly, Frommel took to the pulpit of the “Garnisonkirche” once again and delivered a memorable sermon in front of the Emperor and the allied German rulers to honor the heroic dead. During the 150th anniversary of the consecration of the “Garnisonkirche,” he was appointed as chaplain to the Imperial Court.

In an almost daily intercourse with his Imperial master, Frommel soon had completely taken the heart of the affable old hero, whom from 1872 to 1887, year after year, he accompanied to “Wildbad Gastein,” the famous watering place in the Austrian Alps, where in the little Protestant church of that Catholic district the old warrior joined the few Lutheran mountaineers in their devotional exercises, listening to the words of his chaplain, whose sermon he could not afford to miss—as he said—for a single Sunday in the year. “I am particularly indebted to you,” once remarked the Emperor, “that in your sermons you never refer to me.”—“Well, your majesty,” replied Frommel, “I think that it must be quite a hard task for you to bear the crown six days of each week, and that on the Sabbath you should have a right to be relieved from your burden and feel like a plain Christian in the house of the Lord.”

In almost daily interactions with his Imperial master, Frommel quickly won the heart of the friendly old hero, whom he accompanied year after year to “Wildbad Gastein,” the famous spa in the Austrian Alps, from 1872 to 1887. There, in the small Protestant church of that predominantly Catholic area, the old warrior joined the few Lutheran locals for their worship, listening to the words of his chaplain, whose sermon he said he couldn’t miss for a single Sunday of the year. “I am particularly grateful to you,” once remarked the Emperor, “for never mentioning me in your sermons.” —“Well, your majesty,” replied Frommel, “I believe it must be a tough job for you to wear the crown six days a week, and on the Sabbath, you should be allowed to set aside that burden and feel like an ordinary Christian in the house of the Lord.”

It was by no means in the Imperial household alone that Frommel was so exceptionally honored; the highest circles of Berlin society, artists, diplomats, literary and military men, religious and infidels, all strove in rivalry to pay homage to the popular pastor of the “Garnisonkirche.” His wedding-, christening-, and burial-sermons were masterpieces of oratory; though plainly conceived and plainly delivered and free from all and every unctious pathos, they abounded with thought, true feeling, and poetical beauty. Frommel was destined to speak at the graves of most of the great leaders of the war of 1870-71, including Prince August of Württemberg, Moltke, Roon, Alvensleben, Kirchbach, and Kameke; the danger to become, on such occasions, a panegyrist, he has always judiciously avoided, thanks to his delicate taste and independence of conviction.

It wasn't just the Imperial household that honored Frommel so much; the upper circles of Berlin society, including artists, diplomats, writers, military figures, as well as the religious and the non-believers, all competed to pay their respects to the beloved pastor of the “Garnisonkirche.” His sermons for weddings, baptisms, and funerals were masterpieces of speech; though straightforward in concept and delivery, and free from any over-the-top sentimentality, they were filled with deep thought, genuine feeling, and poetic beauty. Frommel was set to speak at the funerals of most of the prominent leaders from the war of 1870-71, such as Prince August of Württemberg, Moltke, Roon, Alvensleben, Kirchbach, and Kameke; he has always skillfully avoided the risk of becoming a eulogist on such occasions, thanks to his refined taste and independence of belief.

It would be a great mistake to suspect that the adulation of those foremost in life and society had been able to dazzle even for a moment Frommel’s sound judgment or make him turn his back to the other half of humanity. Quite the contrary! His generous heart beat warmest of all for the great community of the poor and afflicted. The thousands of Berlin cab-drivers were his most devoted friends, and to the amelioration of the deplorable lot of the German waiters he directed his loving interest. The endless train of mendicants who at all times besieged the parsonage, never knew him but “from his very best side.” For an old vagabond tailor who had seen better days, he secures work, thus laying a solid foundation for an honest and certain existence; in the superannuated sick and penniless actor, who salutes him as “a colleague in an allied profession,” he readily discovers a parson’s scion, and dismisses him with a most positive proof of his generosity.

It would be a huge mistake to think that the admiration of the top people in life and society could ever cloud Frommel’s clear judgment or make him ignore the other half of humanity. Quite the opposite! His kind heart cared most deeply for the large community of the poor and suffering. The thousands of Berlin cab drivers were his most loyal friends, and he focused his loving attention on improving the dire situation of the German waiters. The endless stream of beggars always crowding the parsonage only knew him as “the best version of himself.” For an old wandering tailor who had seen better days, he found work, creating a solid foundation for an honest and stable life; in the retired sick and broke actor, who greets him as “a fellow professional,” he easily recognizes a clergyman’s descendant and sends him away with a clear sign of his generosity.

What wonder that the pastor of the “Garnisonkirche” had gradually grown to be one of the most popular figures of the national capital of Germany, and this all the more so as he, the southerner by birth, education, and mode of viewing things, had so completely caught the peculiar Berlin humor and ready wit in address and reply, that in no wise he differed from the true-born Berliner! And on what excellent terms was he with the young folks not only of his immense congregation, but of Berlin, nay, of the whole country, wherever he met them on his extended tours through the Empire!

What a surprise that the pastor of the “Garnisonkirche” became one of the most popular figures in Germany’s capital! This was especially true since he, being a southerner by birth, education, and outlook, had fully embraced the unique Berlin humor and quick wit in his speech and responses, making him indistinguishable from a true Berliner! And he got along so well with the young people, not just from his large congregation, but from Berlin and all over the country, whenever he met them on his extensive travels throughout the Empire!

Amidst the most various and trying engagements, Frommel lived in Berlin for twenty-six years. What an immense amount of work he accomplished within that time, can be understood from his own statement in his farewell sermon of Sunday, April 19, 1896, where he said: “While in Berlin, I have baptized 1838 children, united in wedlock 1526 couples, confirmed 1980 school-children, and buried 1709 dead. Of the churches in Berlin, I have preached in all but one, and in sixty-five cities all over Germany I have delivered either sermons or lectures.” So we cannot much wonder that on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of his installation as pastor of the “Garnisonkirche,” he submitted to his Imperial master the petition for retirement from his charge. His request was most graciously complied with, and at the same time he was commissioned by Imperial brevet as an “officer à la suite of the army,” a distinction never before in the history of Germany conferred upon a military chaplain.—Soon after, in the spring of 1896, Emperor Wilhelm II. called him to his castle, Ploen, charmingly situated upon the shore of the Ploener Lake in the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein, to superintend the tuition of his two oldest sons, Crown-Prince Wilhelm and Prince Eitel Friedrich. Full of happy anticipation of a quiet and restful evening of life in one of the most idyllic parts of Germany, Frommel entered upon his new and honorable duties with a truly youthful vigor and enthusiasm, but alas—after a few months’ stay at Ploen, owing to an old ailment which had reappeared under more alarming symptoms than ever before, he had to submit to a chirurgical operation, and it was under the knives of the surgeons that on the 9th day of November, 1896, Emil Frommel breathed his last, at the age of sixty-eight years.

Amidst various and challenging commitments, Frommel lived in Berlin for twenty-six years. The immense amount of work he accomplished during that time is evident from his own statement in his farewell sermon on Sunday, April 19, 1896, where he said: “While in Berlin, I have baptized 1,838 children, united 1,526 couples in marriage, confirmed 1,980 school children, and buried 1,709 deceased. Of the churches in Berlin, I have preached in all but one, and in sixty-five cities throughout Germany, I have delivered either sermons or lectures.” So it’s no surprise that on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of his installation as pastor of the “Garnisonkirche,” he submitted a request for retirement to his Imperial boss. His request was graciously approved, and at the same time, he was appointed by Imperial brevet as an “officer à la suite of the army,” a distinction never before awarded to a military chaplain in Germany's history. Soon after, in the spring of 1896, Emperor Wilhelm II called him to his castle in Ploen, beautifully located on the shores of Ploener Lake in the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein, to oversee the education of his two oldest sons, Crown Prince Wilhelm and Prince Eitel Friedrich. Excited at the prospect of a peaceful and relaxing later life in one of Germany’s most picturesque areas, Frommel eagerly began his new and prestigious duties with youthful energy and enthusiasm. Unfortunately, after a few months at Ploen, due to an old health issue that resurfaced with more severe symptoms than ever, he had to undergo surgery, and it was on the operating table that Emil Frommel passed away on November 9, 1896, at the age of sixty-eight.

Frommel’s personal appearance was the harmonious representation of his inner life. His kind and youthful face, brightened by benevolent blue eyes, was encircled by long and full silver-white hair and made such a deep impression, that once seen it could not easily be forgotten.

Frommel's appearance reflected his inner self perfectly. His kind and youthful face, lit up by warm blue eyes, was framed by long, thick silver-white hair, leaving such a strong impression that once you saw him, you wouldn't easily forget it.


As a writer, Frommel is best known as the author of a long series of stories for the masses, which on account of their unaffected piety, vigorous language and healthy humor have become exceedingly popular with all classes. They are published by Wiegandt & Grieben (Berlin), in eleven volumes under the general title, „Gesammelte Schriften—Erzählungen, Aufsätze und Vorträge.“ Our story „Eingeschneit“ taken from the sixth volume („Aus der Sommerfrische“) relates a humorous travelling adventure from the author’s own merry college-life, when a student of divinity at the university of Erlangen. It will not be a difficult task for the reader to discover which of the three jovial young fellows, who, one fine summer-day, started to see for themselves whether the world really is as round as their professor had claimed, was the one who in after-life became so widely known as “Emil Frommel.”

As a writer, Frommel is best known for a long series of stories aimed at the general public, which, due to their genuine piety, lively language, and healthy humor , have become extremely popular with all social classes. They are published by Wiegandt & Grieben (Berlin) in eleven volumes under the general title, "Collected Works—Stories, Essays, and Lectures." Our story "Snowed in", taken from the sixth volume ("From the summer retreat"), tells a humorous travel adventure from the author’s own lively college life when he was a divinity student at the University of Erlangen. Readers will easily figure out which of the three cheerful young men who, on a beautiful summer day, set out to see for themselves whether the world is really as round as their professor had claimed, became widely known later as “Emil Frommel.”

WILHELM BERNHARDT.
Washington, D.C.,
February, 1899.

WILHELM BERNHARDT.
Washington, D.C.,
February 1899.


Es war in den Jahren, da einen1-1 weder die Wissenschaft noch der Geldbeutel durch ihre Schwere drücken, als sich etliche Studenten von Erlangen1-2 aufmachten, um die Welt zu besehen, ob sie auch wirklich so rund sei,1-3 wie der Herr1-4 Professor sagte. Es1-5 waren ihrer1-6 drei, die dies Experiment machen wollten. So1-7 verschieden sie auch sonst waren, in einem1-8 waren sie eins: sie waren drei wackere Musikanten. Der eine sang einen hohen Tenor und brauchte keine Feuerleiter, um zum hohen C hinaufzuklettern; der zweite hatte eine schöne melodische Mittelstimme, und des Basses Grundgewalt1-9 war dem dritten verliehen. In hübschem „wassergeprüften“1-10 Sacke verpackt war das Notenbuch eines jeden umgehängt, um gleich losschießen zu können. Zwei hatten einen ehrlichen Ranzen, der dritte aber hatte von einer „Nichte“1-11 eine Reisetasche, mit Blumenbouquetten verziert, erhalten und trug sie derselben zu Ehren. Die Finanzmittel waren sehr mäßig und auf kein „Hotel du Lac1-12 oder desgleichen, wohl aber auf die niedere Tierwelt berechnet, auf „Bär“ und „Ochsen,“ „Hirsch“ und „Schwan“ und im Notfall auch auf Heuschober und Tannenbäume. Aber die klingenden Stimmen und die klingende und singende Brust waren mehr wert als die klingenden Münzen. „Hat2-1 man nichts2-2 mehr, dann sieht man auch nichts mehr, so2-3 wird rechts abgeschwenkt und umgekehrt,“ das war die Reiseparole. So die drei.

Es war in den Jahren, in denen weder Wissenschaft noch Geldbeutel durch ihre Schwere drückten, als sich einige Studenten von Erlangen aufmachten, um die Welt zu erkunden, ob sie wirklich so rund sei, wie der Professor sagte. Es waren drei von ihnen, die dieses Experiment durchführen wollten. So unterschiedlich sie auch sonst waren, in einem Punkt waren sie sich einig: sie waren drei tapfere Musiker. Der eine sang einen hohen Tenor und brauchte keine Feuerwehrleiter, um zum hohen C zu gelangen; der zweite hatte eine schöne, melodische Mittelstimme, und die kraftvolle Bassstimme gehörte dem dritten. In hübschen „wassergeprüften“ Sack war das Notenbuch eines jeden umgehängt, bereit, gleich loszulegen. Zwei hatten einen ehrlichen Ranzen, der dritte hingegen hatte von einer „Nichte“ eine Reisetasche, mit Blumenbouquets verziert, bekommen und trug sie zu Ehren derselben. Die finanziellen Mittel waren sehr begrenzt und reichten für kein „Hotel du Lac“ oder etwas Vergleichbares, wohl aber für die niedere Tierwelt, für „Bär“ und „Ochsen“, „Hirsch“ und „Schwan“ und im Notfall auch für Heuschober und Tannenbäume. Aber die klingenden Stimmen und die singende Brust waren mehr wert als klingende Münzen. „Hat man nichts mehr, dann sieht man auch nichts mehr, so wird rechts abgebogen und umgekehrt,“ das war das Reise-Motto. So waren die drei.


Derweilen sie ausziehen und mit feinem Instinkt die Gassen vermeiden, in welchen es noch etwas zu zahlen2-4 gab, ging zu London in Regentstreet Nr.2-5 86 ein großer hagerer Herr, dem man den Engländer auf tausend Schritt ansah, in seiner Stube auf und ab. Auf dem Tische lagen der rote Bädeker,2-6 der auf englisch „Murray“ heißt, und Landkarten. Er hatte offenbar Reisegedanken. Und niemand hinderte ihn daran,2-7 weder sein Weib noch sein Geld. Denn das erste besaß er nicht, desto mehr aber vom zweiten. Ob ihn am Fuß das Zipperlein plagte oder im oberen Stockwerke der Spleen, oder ob er um diese Zeit überhaupt gewohnt war, sich in London unsichtbar zu machen, das weiß der Verfasser nicht zu sagen.—Er öffnete das Fenster und schaute hinaus auf die wogende Straße, auf der sich in der lauen Sommernacht die Leute herumtrieben, klopfte an sein Barometer2-8 und sah nach, wie viel Uhr2-9 es darauf geschlagen,2-10 und klingelte zuletzt. Ein alter rotköpfiger Bedienter in herrschaftlichem Kleide kam herein. „James, wir reisen2-11 morgen um 10 Uhr. Du wirst2-12 die Koffer packen und nichts vergessen. Den Thee habe ich hier, die Maschine ist dort. Sorge für alles, alter Junge, und für Dich selbst. Du weckst mich früh um 6,“ so befahl in weichem Tone der Herr dem Rotkopf.—

While they were leaving and skillfully avoiding the streets where there was still something to pay, a tall, skinny man, obviously English from a distance, was pacing back and forth in his room at 86 Regent Street in London. On the table lay the red Baedeker, which is called "Murray" in English, along with maps. He clearly had travel plans. And no one was stopping him—neither his wife nor his money. For he had none of the first, but plenty of the second. Whether he was troubled by gout in his foot or the blues upstairs, or if he was just used to becoming invisible in London at this hour, the author can't say. He opened the window and looked out at the bustling street, where people were milling about on the warm summer night. He tapped his barometer and checked what time it showed before finally ringing for service. An old, red-haired servant in formal attire entered. "James, we're leaving tomorrow at 10 a.m. You'll pack the suitcases and make sure not to forget anything. I've got the tea here, the machine is over there. Take care of everything, old boy, and of yourself. Wake me up early at 6," the man commanded softly to the redhead.

„Gehen wir weit?“ fragte dieser den Herrn, „und auf3-1 wie lange ungefähr?“

„Are we going far?“ this one asked the gentleman, “and for how long approximately?”

„Nun, James, ein paar Wochen werden uns gut thun. Wohin, das weiß ich selbst noch nicht, wir gehen zuerst nach dem Kontinent, und das andere findet3-2 sich.“

„Well, James, a couple of weeks will do us good. Where, I don't even know myself yet, we're going first to the continent, and the rest will work itself out.”

„Immer noch der alte,“3-3 murmelte der Rotkopf, als er draußen war,—„man weiß nie, wohin es3-4 geht.“

„Still the same old guy,“ 3-3 muttered the redhead when he was outside,—“you never know where it 3-4 goes.”

Am nächsten Morgen fuhren die beiden nach London Bridgestation und sausten mit dem Zuge nach Dover.3-5

Am nächsten Morgen fuhren die beiden nach London Bridgestation und nahmen den Zug nach Dover. 3-5


Derweilen aber stieg im lieben, deutschen Vaterlande ein Pärchen in die bekränzte Hochzeitskutsche. Sie kamen vom Hochzeitsaltar und Hochzeitsessen und hatten sich in der Stille davongemacht. Nur die Mutter der Braut war mitgegangen und hatte dem Töchterlein das graue Reisekleid angelegt und es3-6 mit Thränen gesegnet. Es ist ja freilich nur ein Schritt aus dem Elternhause in die Hochzeitskutsche, aber es ist eben nicht ein Schritt wie ein anderer. Darum schaute ihr die Mutter noch lange nach, bis der Wagen um die Waldecke bog und ihren3-7 Blicken entschwand. Die zwei freuten sich, daß sie endlich ohne Onkel und Tanten waren und fuhren fröhlich in die Welt hinein zur Eisenbahnstation.

Meanwhile, in the dear German homeland, a couple climbed into the decorated wedding carriage. They had just left the wedding altar and reception, slipping away quietly. Only the bride’s mother had accompanied them, dressing her daughter in a gray traveling dress and blessing it with tears. It really is just a step from the family home to the wedding carriage, but it's not just any step. That's why the mother watched them for a long time until the carriage rounded the corner of the woods and disappeared from her view. The two were happy to finally be without uncles and aunts, and they joyfully drove off into the world toward the train station.

„Nun geht’s3-8 in die weite, weite Welt hinein, liebes Kind,“ sagte der junge Mann, „da wirst du, Sandhase,3-9 deine blauen Wunder sehen.“

„Now we're heading out into the big, wide world, dear child,“ said the young man, „there, little Sand Rabbit, you will see your blue wonders.“

„Ach, bei uns ist’s auch schön,“ meinte das junge Frauchen, „aber mit dir fahre ich schon4-1 in die weite Welt hinein. Es ist mir zwar ein wenig gruselig dabei zu Mut4-2 vor den vielen Menschen, was man da reden soll.“

„Oh, it’s nice here too,“ said the young woman, “but I’ll definitely go with you4-1 out into the wide world. I have to admit, it’s a bit scary4-2 with all those people and not knowing what to say.”

„Sag’ du ihnen nur,4-3 daß du mich lieb hast, und daß es4-4 keinen bessern Mann auf der Welt giebt als mich,“ meinte bescheiden4-5 der junge Eheherr, „dann hast du gewiß nichts dummes gesagt.“

„Just tell them,4-3 that you love me, and that there’s4-4 no better man in the world than me,“ said the young husband modestly4-5, “then you definitely haven’t said anything stupid.”


So fuhren die zwei von dannen und wußten nicht, daß der Landgerichtsassessor Robert Berneck aus Buchau4-6 im bayrischen Wald sich bereits Jahre lang4-7 auf eine Reise gefreut hatte. Endlich hatte er Urlaub erhalten. Ein stiller Mondschein4-8 lagerte sich schon über das Haupt des Mannes, wiewohl er erst in dem Anfang der Vierzig stand. Das Amtsleben hatte ihm das ganze bayrische4-9 Wappen, den Löwen mitsamt den blauweißen Weckschnitten derart ins4-10 Gesicht gestempelt, daß kaum noch eine Spur des eigentlichen Menschen zu sehen war, der in früheren Jahren nicht so ganz übel4-11 gewesen sein mochte.—Er hatte lange zu thun, bis er seine Siebensachen bei einander hatte. Nachgerade hatte er sich an so viele Bedürfnisse gewöhnt, und vorsorglich für alle Zukunft wanderte4-12 in das Ränzlein, das er noch aus alten Tagen besaß, eine ganze Haushaltung nebst einer Apotheke. Utensilien, wie Salben für frisch gelaufene Blasen an den Füßen, Opodeldoc4-13 für mögliche Verletzungen, Kamillenthee für Leibschneiden, Storchenfett für Entzündungen waren nicht vergessen. Eine neue graue Joppe mit grünem Aufschlag, ein spitziger Tyrolerhut mit Gemsbart,5-1 alles elegant5-2 hergestellt nach seiner Angabe, vollendeten den Anzug. Bergschuhe, mit dicken Nägeln beschlagen, wurden angezogen, und der Alpenstock, den er von einem Freund geerbt hatte, stand auch bereit. Als seine Lena, die niederbayrische Haushälterin, hereintrat und ihren Herrn so sah, schlug sie die Hände zusammen und meinte im stillen, ihr Herr sei5-3 wohl nicht ganz bei Trost.5-4 Denn bisher hatte sie ihn nur in seinem ehrbaren Landassessorrock und in der Mütze mit der Krone5-5 und dem „L“ darunter gesehen und hatte jedesmal vor ihm einen Knix gemacht, als ob er die „Hochwürden“ des Orts wäre,5-6 jetzt aber war er ihr5-7 ganz in die Abteilung „Mensch“5-8 heruntergesunken.

So the two of them went on their way, unaware that the district court assessor Robert Berneck from Buchau in the Bavarian Forest had been looking forward to a trip for years. He had finally received time off. A quiet moonlight was already casting its glow over the man's head, even though he was only in his early forties. His job had stamped the entire Bavarian coat of arms, the lion along with the blue and white pastries, so deeply into his face that hardly any trace of the real person was visible—someone who, in earlier years, might not have been so bad. He had a lot to do before he could get his belongings in order. Gradually, he had grown accustomed to so many necessities, and to prepare for any future needs, he packed a whole household kit, along with a pharmacy, into the little backpack he still had from the old days. Items like ointments for fresh blisters on his feet, Opodeldoc for possible injuries, chamomile tea for stomach aches, and stork fat for inflammation were not forgotten. A new gray coat with a green collar, a pointed Tyrolean hat with a chamois beard, all elegantly made to his specifications, completed his outfit. He put on hiking boots with thick nails and had the Alpine walking stick he inherited from a friend ready as well. When his housekeeper Lena from Lower Bavaria walked in and saw her master like this, she clasped her hands together and thought to herself that her master must not be quite in his right mind. Until now, she had only seen him in his respectable assessor's coat and the cap with the crown and the "L" underneath, and had always curtsied before him as if he were the local dignitary, but now he seemed to have entirely descended into the realm of a "normal human being."

„Nun, Lena, gefall’ ich dir nicht so?“ meinte der Landgerichtsassessor. „Ja,“ sagte sie, „jung schaun’s schon völlig aus, aber halt a bissel verputzelt und kennen thut’s Ihna koan Mensch hier in der Gegend.“

„So, Lena, don’t you like me?“ said the district court assessor. “Yeah,” she replied, “you look young enough, but you're kind of rough around the edges, and nobody here knows who you are.”

„Das will ich gerade, Lena. Ich will Mensch sein, ganzer, voller Mensch, und hingehen, wo mich niemand kennt und ahnt, daß ich ein Beamter bin.“

„That's exactly what I want, Lena. I want to be a whole, complete person, and go somewhere where no one knows me and suspects that I’m a bureaucrat.“

„A Mensch will er sein,“ murmelte die Lena vor5-9 sich, „sonst hat er als5-10 gesagt, daß er a Aktenvieh sei.“

„A mensch he wants to be,“ murmured Lena to herself, “otherwise he said he's just a paper pusher.”

„Morgen geht’s5-11 fort, Lena, hier sind die Schlüssel, und wecken thust mich auch, denn ich muß fort,5-12 eh’ mich einer von den Herren hier sieht.“

„Tomorrow, we’re leaving, Lena, here are the keys, and make sure to wake me up because I need to go before any of the gentlemen here see me.”

„Da haben’s völlig recht,“ meinte die Lena, „denn koan Mensch thät’s Ihna für unsern gnädigen6-1 Herrn halten.“

„You're absolutely right,“ said Lena, „because no one would think of you as our gracious 6-1 lord.“

Des Morgens früh blies der himmelblaue6-2 Postillon hinaus in die frische Morgenluft. Der Postexpeditor schmunzelte, als er den Landgerichtsassessor so „verputzelt“ sah und wünschte „allerseits6-3 eine glückliche Reise.“ Nach fünf Stunden saß die graue Joppe im Eisenbahncoupé und that völlig fremd den Reisenden gegenüber.

Des Morgens früh blies der himmelblaue6-2 Postillon hinaus in die frische Morgenluft. Der Postexpeditor schmunzelte, als er den Landgerichtsassessor so „verputzelt“ sah und wünschte „allerseits6-3 eine glückliche Reise.“ Nach fünf Stunden saß die graue Joppe im Eisenbahncoupé und tat völlig fremd den Reisenden gegenüber.


Und wieder saßen derweilen im Zuge von Stuttgart6-4 her eine trotz ihrer Dreißig noch jugendlich aussehende Dame mit drei gleichgekleideten jungen Mädchen von fünfzehn bis siebzehn Jahren. Wer6-5 sich einigermaßen auf Menschen zu verstehen glaubte, dem schien es ganz klar: „Institutsvorsteherin nebst drei Pflegebefohlenen.“ Die letzteren mußten wohl von denen6-6 sein, die zur geringen Freude der ersteren auch die großen Ferien dableiben, weil ihre Eltern selbst verreist sind. Anna, Lina und Elsa hießen die drei Mädchen, die immer lachten, wenn6-7 sie der Blick ihrer Hüterin nicht traf. Denn alles kam ihnen lächerlich vor. Jugendlust und Freude, Unschuld und Kindlichkeit schauten aus den6-8 Augen, sie schienen so froh, dem6-9 Schulszepter entronnen zu sein, und wären,6-10 wenn man sie aufs Gewissen gefragt hätte, am liebsten allein gereist. Und doch schaute die Dame nicht grämlich drein; nur dann, wenn6-11 das Lachen zu toll wurde, oder wenn eine aus der wohlgefüllten Reisetasche einen allzugroßen Brocken hinunterwürgen wollte, sah sie mahnend auf. Wenn sie aber still einmal schlief, da zuckte es7-1 über die schönen Züge wie Sonnenschein, als dächte7-2 sie ihrer eigenen schönen Jugendtage.

Und wieder saßen währenddessen im Zug nach Stuttgart eine Frau, die trotz ihrer dreißig Jahre noch jugendlich aussah, mit drei gleich gekleideten Mädchen im Alter von fünfzehn bis siebzehn Jahren. Wer auch nur ein bisschen Menschenkenntnis hatte, merkte schnell: „Das ist die Leiterin eines Instituts mit drei Schützlingen.“ Die Mädchen mussten wohl zu denen gehören, die zur geringen Freude der Leiterin die großen Ferien hier verbringen, weil ihre Eltern selbst verreist sind. Die drei Mädchen hießen Anna, Lina und Elsa und lachten immer, wenn der Blick ihrer Aufpasserin sie nicht traf. Denn alles erschien ihnen lächerlich. Lebensfreude, Unschuld und Kindlichkeit strahlten aus ihren Augen, sie schienen so glücklich, dem Schulalltag entkommen zu sein, und hätten, wenn man sie gefragt hätte, am liebsten allein gereist. Und doch schaute die Dame nicht grimmig drein; nur wenn das Lachen zu ausgelassen wurde oder wenn eines der Mädchen in der gut gefüllten Reisetasche einen zu großen Bissen nehmen wollte, sah sie mahnend auf. Wenn sie jedoch einmal ruhig schlief, zog es sich über ihr schönes Gesicht wie Sonnenschein, als würde sie an ihre eigenen schönen Jugendtage denken.


So verschieden diese sämtlichen Reisenden auszogen, keiner dachte, daß sie sich alle an einem7-3 Orte unter einem Dache finden würden, und doch geschah es so. Alle hatten dasselbe Ziel gewählt: das Salzkammergut.7-4 Die einen wollten von da über die Tauern7-5 hinuntersteigen nach Kärnthen7-6 und von da hinab nach Italien—die andern kamen schon daher und wollten den Weg durchs Salzkammergut zurück.7-7

So different as all these travelers set out, no one thought they would all meet in one7-3 place under one roof, and yet it happened. They all chose the same destination: the Salzkammergut.7-4 Some wanted to descend from there over the Tauern7-5 down to Carinthia7-6 and from there down to Italy—others were already coming from that direction and wanted to return through the Salzkammergut.7-7

Die Studenten waren im Stellwagen, der von Werfen7-8 nach Lend fährt, bereits mit der „Institutsvorsteherin“ bekannt geworden, die mit ihren Pflegebefohlenen vorn im Coupé saß. Aber freilich nicht so,7-9 daß sie einander gesehen hätten. Das7-10 geschah aber so: Auf der Fahrt flatterte ein blauer Schleier aus dem Coupé lustig heraus am Wagen hin, worin hinten die Studios saßen. Da dachte der eine:7-11 „Wer mag wohl7-12 hinter dem blauen Schleier sein?“ Er träumte sich in den Gedanken hinein und zuletzt ward7-13 der Schleier bei seiner Flatterhaftigkeit7-14 festgehalten und mittelst einer Stecknadel ihm ein beschriebener Zettel angesteckt. Der Vers war von den dreien in Kompagnie geschmiedet und lautete:

Die Studenten waren im Stellwagen, der von Werfen7-8 nach Lend fährt, bereits mit der „Institutsvorsteherin“ bekannt geworden, die mit ihren Pflegekindern vorn im Coupé saß. Aber natürlich nicht so,7-9 dass sie einander gesehen hätten. Das7-10 geschah aber so: Auf der Fahrt flatterte ein blauer Schleier aus dem Coupé fröhlich heraus am Wagen hin, wo hinten die Studenten saßen. Da dachte einer:7-11 „Wer könnte wohl7-12 hinter dem blauen Schleier sein?“ Er verlor sich in seinen Gedanken und schließlich wurde7-13 der Schleier durch seine Flatterhaftigkeit7-14 festgehalten, und mit einer Stecknadel wurde ihm ein beschriebener Zettel angesteckt. Der Vers war von den dreien zusammen geschmiedet und lautete:

Blauer Schleier—blauer Himmel!
Blaue Augen—blauer See!
Mir8-1 wird wohl im Weltgetümmel,
Wenn ich nur was8-2 blaues seh’!
Blaue Augen! meine Wahl—
Seid gegrüßt viel’ tausendmal!

Blauer Schleier—blauer Himmel!
Blaue Augen—blauer See!
Mir8-1 wird wohl im Weltgetümmel,
Wenn ich nur was8-2 blaues seh’!
Blaue Augen! meine Wahl—
Seid gegrüßt viel’ tausendmal!

Er flatterte hinüber und ward dort angehalten. Man hörte von drüben nichts als ein Kichern und Lachen, und bald darauf flatterte der Schleier wieder hinaus in die Luft. Ein neuer Zettel war angesteckt. Und darauf stand:

Er flatterte hinüber und wurde dort aufgehalten. Man hörte von drüben nur Kichern und Lachen, und bald darauf flatterte der Schleier wieder hinaus in die Luft. Ein neuer Zettel war angeheftet. Und darauf stand:

Fehlgetroffen!8-3 Nichts von Bläue,
Weder Aug’ noch sonst etwas!
Unter’m Hut ein altes Fräulein!
Sagt, Ihr8-4 Herr’n, gefiel8-5 Euch das?

Fehlgetroffen!8-3 Nothing of blue,
Neither eye nor anything else!
Under the hat an old lady!
Says, you8-4 gentlemen, did8-5 you like that?

Wieder ward der Schleier von den dreien gefangen, der Zettel abgenommen und bald flatterte wieder ein neuer Vers hinüber:

Wieder wurde der Schleier von den dreien gefangen, der Zettel abgenommen und bald flatterte wieder ein neuer Vers hinüber:

Auch ein altes, graues Fräulein
Ist uns lieb und ehrenwert—
Ist8-6 nur unter’m blauen Schleier
Ihr ein junges Herz beschert!—

Auch ein altes, graues Fräulein
Ist uns lieb und ehrenwert—
Ist8-6 nur unter’m blauen Schleier
Ihr ein junges Herz beschert!—

Noch zweimal ging der Schleier hin und her; den8-7 Studenten ging aber allmählich die Poesie aus, und sie zogen die Liederbücher hervor und fingen an zu singen. Im ganzen Stellwagen ward’s still, als die frischen Studentenlieder8-8 so hinaus in die Luft schmetterten.

Noch zweimal ging der Schleier hin und her; den8-7 Studenten ging aber allmählich die Poesie aus, und sie zogen die Liederbücher hervor und fingen an zu singen. Im ganzen Stellwagen ward’s still, als die frischen Studentenlieder8-8 so hinaus in die Luft schmetterten.

Als man in Lend ausstieg, wo sich der Weg teilt nach der Gastein9-1 durch die finstere Klamm, und nach Zell9-2 am See dem Pinzgau9-3 zu—trafen die Studenten mit ihren Korrespondentinnen zusammen. Der zweite Tenor schritt auf die „Vorsteherin“ zu9-4 und entschuldigte sich in wohlgesetzten Ausdrücken über9-5 die Freiheit, die sie sich erlaubt. „Sie haben sich nicht zu entschuldigen, Sie haben uns durch Ihre Verse und Ihren Gesang die Fahrt verschönert. Hier in der herrlichen Natur ist auch dem Menschen mehr gestattet als in den dumpfen Städten,“ antwortete das Fräulein. Die drei jungen Mädchen kicherten sich9-6 wieder an, als sie die flotten Poeten sahen und gaben verlegen Antwort auf ihre Fragen. Nach einer Stunde trennte man sich.9-7 Die Studenten zogen dem Pinzgau zu, das Fräulein mit ihrem Anhang hinauf nach Gastein. Man wünschte sich9-8 allerseits eine glückliche Reise. Die Studenten sangen am Postwagen noch eins9-9 von den blauen Augen:

Als man in Lend ausstieg, wo sich der Weg nach der Gastein9-1 durch die dunkle Schlucht teilt und nach Zell9-2 am See dem Pinzgau9-3 zu—trafen die Studenten ihre Korrespondentinnen. Der zweite Tenor ging zur „Vorsteherin“9-4 und entschuldigte sich in wohlformulierten Worten für9-5 die Freiheit, die sie sich erlaubt hatten. „Sie brauchen sich nicht zu entschuldigen, Sie haben uns mit Ihren Versen und Ihrem Gesang die Fahrt verschönert. Hier in der wunderschönen Natur ist mehr erlaubt als in den tristen Städten,“ antwortete das Fräulein. Die drei jungen Mädchen kicherten9-6 erneut, als sie die lebhaften Poeten sahen, und gaben verlegen Antworten auf ihre Fragen. Nach einer Stunde trennten sich ihre Wege.9-7 Die Studenten machten sich auf den Weg zum Pinzgau, während das Fräulein mit ihrer Gruppe hinauf nach Gastein ging. Man wünschte sich9-8 gegenseitig eine gute Reise. Die Studenten sangen im Postwagen noch ein weiteres9-9 Lied von den blauen Augen:

Meiner Liebsten blaue Augen
Sind dem schönsten Azur gleich,
Und ein Blick in diese Augen
Ist ein Blick ins Himmelreich ...

Meiner Liebsten blaue Augen
Sind dem schönsten Azur gleich,
Und ein Blick in diese Augen
Ist ein Blick ins Himmelreich ...

Die blauen Schleier nickten dankend und fuhren hinauf den steilen Weg.—

Die blauen Schleier nickten dankbar und fuhren den steilen Weg hinauf.


Auf dem Pasterzengletscher,9-10 der sich hinter dem Fuscherthal9-11 hinaufdehnt, schritt eine hagere Gestalt in verwittertem9-12 Lodenkittel, grünen, hohen Strümpfen und spitzem Hut einem etwas behäbigen Herrn voran, der öfters stehen blieb und sich10-1 den Schweiß von der Stirn wischte. So sicher der Alte trotz des schweren Ranzens und dicken Plaids einherstieg, immer schweigend und ruhig voran, so keuchend kam der zweite hinterher. Das Alpensteigen schien ihm ein ungewohntes Geschäft und Vergnügen zu sein, und er machte ein so verzweifeltes Gesicht, als wollte10-2 er zu sich selber sagen: „Das war wieder einmal ein mordsdummer Streich von dir, daß du dich hast da hinauf locken lassen,10-3 du hättest10-4 auch die Berge von unten ansehen können.“ Aber jetzt war10-5 nichts mehr zu machen, zurück war der Weg noch mühsamer als hinauf, darum vorwärts über den Schnee und die Eisschrunden!

Auf dem Pasterzengletscher, der sich hinter dem Fuscherthal hinzieht, ging eine schlanke Gestalt in einem abgetragenen Lodenkittel, grünen, hohen Strümpfen und einem spitzen Hut einem etwas schweren Herrn voraus, der öfter stehen blieb und sich den Schweiß von der Stirn wischte. So sicher der Alte trotz des schweren Rucksacks und dicken Plaids vorankam, immer schweigend und ruhig, so keuchend folgte der zweite ihm nach. Das Aufsteigen in den Alpen schien ihm fremd und anstrengend zu sein, und er machte ein so verzweifeltes Gesicht, als wollte er zu sich selbst sagen: „Das war mal wieder ein echt dummer Fehler von dir, dass du dich da hinauf hast locken lassen, du hättest die Berge auch von unten anschauen können.“ Aber jetzt gab es nichts mehr zu machen, zurück war der Weg noch mühsamer als nach oben, darum weiter über den Schnee und die Eisstellen!

„Geben’s fein Obacht, daß10-6 nit fall’n und nit z’ lang stehen bleiben! Dös thut koan gut,“ mahnte der alte Führer.

„Achtet darauf, dass10-6 nicht fallen und nicht zu lange stehen bleiben! Das bringt keinen Vorteil,“ mahnte der alte Führer.

„Ja, Ihr10-7 habt gut reden,“ keuchte der Hintermann. „Ihr seid die Sach’ gewohnt, aber unsereins,10-8 was alleweil in der Stuben sitzt, brächt’s10-9 halt nit fertig.“

„Yeah, you have it easy,“ gasped the guy in the back. „You’re used to this stuff, but for someone like me, who always stays indoors, it just doesn’t work out.“

Der geneigte Leser merkt, wen er vor sich hat. Es ist unser Landgerichtsassessor, der so keucht und spricht. Hundertmal hat er schon den Pasterzengletscher und alle anderen Gletscher in der Welt verwünscht und an seine Lena gedacht, die es jetzt so gut habe,10-10 weil ihr Herr fort sei, und er hatte sich doch10-11 so auf die Sommerfrische gefreut und sich einmal recht „auslaufen“ wollen. Jetzt that ihm jeder Knochen weh, und nur eins tröstete ihn: eine Rast im Tauernhause,10-12 die ihm in baldige Aussicht gestellt wurde.

Der aufmerksame Leser erkennt, wer vor ihm steht. Es ist unser Landgerichtsassessor, der so keucht und spricht. Hundertmal hat er bereits den Pasterzengletscher und alle anderen Gletscher der Welt verflucht und an seine Lena gedacht, die es jetzt so gut hat, weil ihr Herr fort ist, und er hatte sich doch so sehr auf den Sommer gefreut und wollte sich richtig „auslaufen“. Jetzt tat ihm jeder Knochen weh, und nur eines tröstete ihn: eine Pause im Tauernhaus, die ihm bald in Aussicht gestellt wurde.

Sie11-1 sollte ihm eher, als er dachte, zu teil werden.

Sie11-1 should come to him sooner than he thought.

Der alte Führer stand nämlich plötzlich still, schaute nach allen Seiten hin und witterte wie ein Gemsbock in die Luft hinaus. Er beobachtete genau den Zug der Wolken, den Schnee unter den Füßen und die einzelnen Bergspitzen. Der Landgerichtsassessor spitzte auch die Ohren so hoch wie sein spitziger Tyrolerhut, aber er merkte trotz allen Spitzens11-2 nichts. Endlich brach der Alte das Schweigen und sagte: „Gnädiger11-3 Herr! Können’s Ihnen nit a bissel anstrengen? Es ist so a Schneetreiben im Anzug und gut wär’s schon, wenn m’r unterkimmet!“ Das fuhr dem Assessor in die Glieder, denn er hatte in Geschichten schauriges vom Schneetreiben gelesen. „’s ist doch11-4 nicht gefährlich?“ sagte er halblaut.

Der alte Führer blieb plötzlich stehen, schaute in alle Richtungen und schnüffelte wie ein Bergziege in die Luft. Er beobachtete genau den Zug der Wolken, den Schnee unter seinen Füßen und die einzelnen Bergspitzen. Der Landgerichtsassessor spitzte auch die Ohren so hoch wie seinen spitzen Tyrolerhut, aber er merkte trotz aller Aufmerksamkeit nichts. Schließlich brach der Alte das Schweigen und sagte: „Gnädiger Herr! Können Sie sich nicht ein bisschen anstrengen? Es sieht nach einem Schneetreiben aus und es wäre gut, wenn wir einen Unterschlupf finden!“ Das ließ den Assessor frösteln, denn er hatte in Geschichten Gruseliges über Schneetreiben gelesen. „Das ist doch nicht gefährlich?“ sagte er halblaut.

„Ha, g’fährlich is11-5 rechtschaffen schon, wenn wir noch auf’m Eis sind. Aber so schnell kommt’s grad nit.“

„Ha, it's dangerous11-5 to be righteous already, when we’re still on thin ice. But it doesn’t happen that quickly.“

Der Assessor vergaß seine Blasen und seine nassen Füße und trieb zur Eile. Der Alte verbiß sich das Lachen über seinen Trabanten. Sie stiegen rüstig zu. Ringsumher ward es immer finsterer, die Bergspitzen gingen in leichtes Grau über, und dem Assessor jagten schon einzelne spitzige, eisharte Körner ins Gesicht. „Das ist der Anfang vom Schneetreiben,“ sagte er vor sich hin,11-6 und vor seinem Geiste stand die behagliche Amtsstube in Buchau, wo im Winter der Buchklotz knallte und der Amtsdiener fragte: „’s wird11-7 dem Herrn Assessor doch nicht zu kalt sein?“—Nach stundenlangem Marsche, auf welchem jeder so seine eigenen Gedanken hatte, während der Schnee immer dichter fiel, zeigte sich in der Ferne ein Haus.

Der Assessor vergaß seine Blasen und seine nassen Füße und drängte zur Eile. Der Alte konnte sich das Lachen über seinen Begleiter nicht verkneifen. Sie stiegen zügig ein. Es wurde überall immer dunkler, die Bergspitzen verwandelten sich in ein leichtes Grau, und dem Assessor flogen schon einzelne spitze, eisige Schneekörner ins Gesicht. „Das ist der Anfang vom Schneetreiben,“ murmelte er vor sich hin, und in seinem Kopf erschien die gemütliche Amtsstube in Buchau, wo im Winter der Holzblock knallte und der Amtsdiener fragte: „’s wird dem Herrn Assessor doch nicht zu kalt sein?“—Nach stundenlangem Marsch, während jeder in Gedanken versunken war und der Schnee immer dichter fiel, tauchte in der Ferne ein Haus auf.

„Dös ist das Tauernhaus, gnädiger Herr, do können’s Ihna ausruhen.“

„This is the Tauern house, kind sir, where you can rest.“

„Wie weit ist’s noch bis hin?“12-1 fragte der Assessor.

„How much further is it?” 12-1 asked the assessor.

„Ha, so a zwanzig Büchsenschuß12-2 werden’s12-3 völlig sein,“ meinte der Alte. Der Assessor wußte jetzt gerade so viel wie vorher. Denn er hatte mit Büchsenschüssen nur bei Gelegenheit von Forstfreveln zu thun und wußte über die Tragweite des Geschosses keinen weitern Bescheid.

„Ha, so with twenty shots from a rifle, it will be completely fine,“ said the old man. The assessor now knew just as much as before. Because he had only dealt with rifle shots in the context of forestry offenses and had no further knowledge about the implications of the projectile.

Endlich erreichten sie im dicksten Gestöber das Haus. Der Alte schob den Riegel an der Thür zurück, schüttelte den Schnee vom Lodenrock und vom Ranzen, den er abwarf, und schritt mit seinem Herrn der Thüre zu. Als sie dieselbe öffneten, drang ihnen ein warmer Duft entgegen, der dem Assessor die Hitze in die vom12-4 Schneetreiben gehörig verarbeiteten Wangen jagte.

Endlich erreichten sie im dicksten Gestöber das Haus. Der Alte schob den Riegel an der Tür zurück, schüttelte den Schnee von seinem Lodenrock und von dem Ranzen, den er ablegte, und ging mit seinem Herrn zur Tür. Als sie sie öffneten, strömte ihnen ein warmer Duft entgegen, der dem Assessor die Hitze in die vom12-4 Schneetreiben gehörig verarbeiteten Wangen jagte.

Eine bunte Gesellschaft saß schon an den Tischen12-5 und wandte sich neugierig nach dem Ankömmling um, der sofort auch vom Kopf bis zur Fußsohle gemustert ward. Der Assessor grüßte verlegen zuerst nach den Damen hinüber, deren12-6 vier auf einem Klümplein bei einander saßen, eine ältere und drei jüngere. Neben ihnen saß ein junges Paar. Alle hatten sich’s bequem gemacht. Um den großen Ofen hingen die nassen Kleider und dampften aus, und zwölf Schuhe standen unten und warteten aufs Trocknen. Es ist so etwas eigenes, wenn Leute sich’s schon heimisch gemacht haben in einem Gasthause, als ob sie da zu Hause wären,13-1 und dann einem Wildfremden, der noch dazukommt, zuschauen, bis dieser sich auch langsam häuslich niederläßt. Die ersteren haben das Gefühl der Sicherheit und schauen von ihrem festen Sitze herunter auf den, der sich erst seine Unterkunft gründen muß. Der Assessor suchte sich13-2 eine Ecke aus, dicht unter dem grobgeschnitzten Kruzifix,13-3 das aus den verdorrten Palmsonntags-Birkenzweigen hervorschaute, in die sich die Fliegen als ihr Nachtquartier verzogen, und bestellte sich einen roten Tyroler.13-4 Lang saß er nicht allein, denn draußen hörte man13-5 Stimmen, und drei junge Leute traten dicht beschneit herein. Die drei jungen Damen schauten auf und steckten die Köpfe zusammen und kicherten, als sie dieselben hereinkommen sahen. „Da sind sie wieder,“ sagte die kluge Elsa, „ganz gewiß sie sind’s.“13-6 Ja, sie waren’s, die Studenten vom Werfener Stellwagen her.

Eine bunte Gruppe saß schon an den Tischen12-5 und drehte sich neugierig zum Ankömmling um, der sofort von Kopf bis Fuß mustergültig betrachtet wurde. Der Assessor grüßte verlegen zuerst die Damen, deren12-6 vier auf einem kleinen Tisch beisammen saßen, eine ältere und drei jüngere. Neben ihnen saß ein junges Paar. Alle hatten es sich bequem gemacht. Um den großen Ofen hingen die nassen Kleider und dampften, und zwölf Schuhe standen unten und warteten darauf, trocken zu werden. Es ist etwas Eigenes, wenn sich Leute in einem Gasthaus schon wie zu Hause fühlen,13-1 und dann einem Wildfremden zuschauen, bis er sich auch langsam heimisch niederlässt. Die anderen haben das Gefühl der Sicherheit und blicken von ihrem festen Platz auf den, der sich erst seine Unterkunft einrichten muss. Der Assessor suchte sich13-2 eine Ecke aus, direkt unter dem grob geschnitzten Kruzifix,13-3 das zwischen den vertrockneten Palmsonntags-Birkenzweigen hervorschaute, wo sich die Fliegen als ihr Nachtquartier niedergelassen hatten, und bestellte sich einen roten Tyroler.13-4 Lang saß er nicht allein, denn draußen hörte man13-5 Stimmen, und drei junge Leute traten frisch verschneit herein. Die drei jungen Damen schauten auf, steckten die Köpfe zusammen und kicherten, als sie die Neuen hereinkommen sahen. „Da sind sie wieder,“ sagte die kluge Elsa, „ganz gewiss, das sind sie.“13-6 Ja, das waren sie, die Studenten vom Werfener Stellwagen.

„Was tausend!13-7 Bei diesem Wetter kommen Sie hier herauf, meine Damen,“ sagte der erste Tenor. „Wir wären13-8 fast verunglückt; das ist Ihnen13-9 ein schauderhaftes Wetter, da sollte man keinen Hund, geschweige denn eine Dame, herausjagen.“

„What a thousand!13-7 With this weather, you come up here, ladies,“ said the first tenor. „We almost had an accident; this is13-8 dreadful weather, one shouldn’t send a dog out, let alone a lady.“

„Hatten Sie keinen Führer?“ fragte die Dame, über die letzte Artigkeit13-10 etwas lächelnd.

„Did you not have a guide?” asked the lady, smiling slightly at the last politeness13-10.

„Führer? Jamais!13-11 Wir gehören zum Verein „Selbsthilfe“. ‚Als13-12 der Nase nach,‘13-13 hatte der letzte Senne gesagt, ‚da können’s nit fehlen.’ Und da sind wir endlich mit unsern verfrorenen Nasen hier aufgestoßen, als wir das Licht flimmern sahen, denn von Nasen war rein nichts mehr zu sehen, so14-1 rot sie auch funkelten.“

„Leader? Never!13-11 We belong to the "Self-Help" group. ‘By the nose,’13-12 the last herdsman said, ‘you can’t miss it.’ And here we are, finally showing up with our frozen noses, when we saw the flickering light , because there was nothing left to see of noses, no matter how14-1 red they sparkled.”

Die drei standen immer noch, der Assessor verwunderte sich und gedachte der schönen Zeit, wo auch er sich einst die Freiheit genommen,14-2 ohne weiteres mit wildfremden Mägdlein anzubinden. Das Pärchen aber begriff bald den Zusammenhang der Sache und freute sich des Wiedersehens der Fremden, denn in aller Eile hatten die geschwätzigen drei Elstern14-3 den jungen Eheleuten von ihrer Begegnung mit den Studenten und von den Gedichten erzählt.

Die drei standen immer noch da, der Assessor war überrascht und dachte an die schöne Zeit, als auch er sich einmal die Freiheit genommen hatte, ohne weiteres mit wildfremden Mädels anzubandeln. Das Paar verstand jedoch schnell den Zusammenhang und freute sich, die Fremden wiederzusehen, denn in der ganzen Eile hatten die geschwätzigen drei Elstern den jungen Eheleuten von ihrer Begegnung mit den Studenten und von den Gedichten erzählt.

Dem dicken Tauernwirt dauerte die Sache mit der Vorstellung etwas zu lange, und er fragte darum die drei: „Schaffen’s auch einen roten Tyroler—?“

Dem dicken Tauernwirt dauerte die Sache mit der Vorstellung etwas zu lange, und er fragte darum die drei: „Kriegt ihr auch einen roten Tyroler—?“

„Ja freilich, teurer Onkel,“14-4 rief der Baß, „roten und weißen und grauen, wie’s kommt, nur etwas nasses bei dem nassen Wetter.“

„Yes, of course, dear Uncle,“ 14-4 shouted the bass, “red and white and gray, whatever you have, just something wet in this rainy weather.”

Der Assessor lachte wieder in seiner Ecke und rückte etwas näher. So war er auch einst in eine Herberge gefallen und hatte gefragt: „Herr Wirt! Was kostet das Mondviertel in Essig und Öl, ich zahl’s.“ Die drei setzten sich zu ihm, er stellte sich vor, und bald waren sie im tiefsten Gespräch. Der Assessor war froh, daß eine goldene Brücke von ihm zu den Damen hinüber geschlagen war, denn er fühlte sich längst zu irgend einer passenden Rede verpflichtet und hatte nur nicht gewußt, wie sie anbringen. Jetzt wurde auch er durch die Studenten vorgestellt, und die Tische rückten zusammen. Man erzählte sich,14-5 woher man kam. Das Pärchen, das15-1 wir von früher kennen und in die Hochzeitskutsche geleitet haben, kam von Italien herauf, die Damen von Gastein kamen ebenfalls daher, die Studios hatten sich im Pinzgau herumgetrieben und kamen den Weg des Assessors.

Der Assessor lachte wieder in seiner Ecke und rückte etwas näher. So war er auch einmal in eine Herberge geraten und hatte gefragt: „Hey Wirt! Was kostet das Mondviertel in Essig und Öl? Ich zahl's.“ Die drei setzten sich zu ihm, er stellte sich vor, und bald waren sie in ein tiefes Gespräch vertieft. Der Assessor war froh, dass er eine goldene Brücke zu den Damen geschlagen hatte, denn er fühlte sich schon lange dazu verpflichtet, etwas Passendes zu sagen, wusste aber nicht, wie er anfangen sollte. Jetzt wurde auch er durch die Studenten vorgestellt, und die Tische ruckten näher zusammen. Man erzählte sich, woher man kam. Das Paar, das wir von früher kennen und zur Hochzeitskutsche geleitet haben, kam aus Italien, die Damen von Gastein kamen ebenfalls daher, die Studenten hatten sich im Pinzgau herumgetrieben und trafen auf den Weg des Assessors.

„Ich muß mir nur15-2 einmal die Wirtschaft hier ansehen, Ihr Leute,“ sagte der zweite Tenor, „denn das ist immer das erste,“15-3 und fort war er. Nach einer starken Viertelstunde kam er von seiner Entdeckungsreise zurück.

„I just need to check out the economy here, you guys,“ said the second tenor, “because that’s always the first thing,” and off he went. After a solid quarter of an hour, he returned from his little exploration.

„Nun, wie schaut’s15-4 aus?“ riefen die zwei andern Studenten.

„So, wie sieht's aus?“ riefen die zwei anderen Studenten.

„Wie’s ausschaut? Gar nicht ausschauen thut’s.15-5 Draußen heult’s und stürmt’s, und wenn’s so fortmacht, so sind wir morgen alle hier eingeschneit, daß an ein Fortkommen nicht zu denken ist. Das ist das erste. Zum15-6 andern: mit dem Schlafen ist’s alle15-7 für diese Nacht. Der bessere und schönere Teil der menschlichen Gesellschaft, diese Damen hier, werden auf Stroh schlafen. Für Mannspersonen aber ist kein Raum in dieser Hütte. Das einzige Bett hat ein natureller Engländer inne, und zu seinen Füßen wird sein Sancho Pansa15-8 schlafen, ein Rotkopf, sage ich Euch, so brennend, daß man die Pfeife an ihm anzünden kann. Der Engländer kocht sich eben seinen Thee auf höchsteigner Maschine, und der Rotkopf hilft ihm. Er fragte mich, da die Thür offen stand, etwas auf englisch, und ich sagte ihm mein einziges englisches Wort, aber fein,15-9 ‚Yes’ sagte ich, und damit war’s gut.15-10—Aber das beste habt Ihr nicht gesehen: Da hinten15-11 sitzt Euch15-12 in einem Mordsqualm eine Stube voll biedrer15-13 Leute bei einander, alte und junge, Kerls16-1 wie die Gemsböcke und wie die alten Tannen mit weißem Flechtenmoos behaftet, und dazwischen am Spinnrocken sitzt ein Mägdlein mit treuherzigen blauen Augen. Die erzählen sich16-2 Geschichten, aber zu verstehen ist16-3 kein Wort. Aber in der Küche da prasselt’s,16-4 da giebt’s Kaiserschmarren und Krapfen. Zu essen giebt’s genug, das ist immerhin anerkennenswert. Wir bleiben hier unten16-5 und richten uns häuslich ein für diese Nacht. So, nun wißt Ihr Bescheid, und die Verhandlung kann beginnen. Herr Assessor—comment16-6 trouvez-vous cela?—sagt der Franzose, und der Deutsche fragt: „Um Vergebung, was ist Ihre geneigte Ansicht hierüber?“

„What's it look like? It doesn't look good at all.15-5 Outside, the wind is howling and it's storming, and if it keeps up like this, we'll all be snowed in here by tomorrow, making it impossible to get out. That's the first thing. As for15-6 the second: sleeping is off the table15-7 for this night. The finer and more refined members of society, these ladies here, will be sleeping on straw. But there’s no room for men in this hut. The only bed is occupied by a natural Englishman, and at his feet sleeps his Sancho Panza15-8, a redhead, I tell you, so fiery that you could light your pipe on him. The Englishman is brewing tea on his very own machine, and the redhead is helping him. He asked me something in English since the door was open, and I gave him my only English word, which was simply,15-9 "Yep" and that was that.15-10—But you haven't seen the best part: Over there15-11 is a room full of down-to-earth15-12 people sitting together in a huge cloud of smoke, old and young, guys15-13 like mountain goats and as ancient as the fir trees draped with white lichen, and in between them, there's a girl at the spinning wheel with earnest blue eyes. They’re telling each other16-1 stories, but you can't understand a word. Meanwhile, in the kitchen, things are crackling,16-2 there are Kaiserschmarren and doughnuts. There's plenty to eat, which is definitely commendable. We’ll stay down here16-3 and settle in for the night. So, now you’re in the loop, and the discussion can begin. Herr Assessor—comment__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ what do you think of this?—says the Frenchman, and the German asks: “Excuse me, what is your esteemed opinion on this matter?”

Der zweite Tenor sprach das alles in einem Atemzug und so drollig, daß alle lachten. Der Assessor war verblüfft; er hatte sich im stillen schon auf sein Zimmer gefreut, um dort allerhand chirurgische Operationen vorzunehmen, mit denen sein Ranzen in genauer Verbindung stand.

Der zweite Tenor sprach das alles in einem Atemzug und so lustig, dass alle lachten. Der Assessor war verblüfft; er hatte sich insgeheim schon auf sein Zimmer gefreut, um dort verschiedene chirurgische Eingriffe vorzunehmen, die mit seinem Bauch in direktem Zusammenhang standen.

Bald dampften die Schüsseln auf dem Tische, denn alle16-7 hatten sich zu einem einzigen vereint, und der Assessor saß mitten unter den jungen Mädchen, zu seiner Rechten das ältere Fräulein. Die Studenten teilten sich mit dem jungen Eheherrn in die anderen. Das Gespräch war lebendig, jeder wußte von Abenteuern, von Gemsjägern und Sennerinnen zu erzählen, und am16-8 aufgeräumtesten war der Assessor.

Bald dampften die Schüsseln auf dem Tisch, denn alle16-7 hatten sich zu einem einzigen vereint, und der Assessor saß mitten unter den jungen Mädchen, zu seiner Rechten das ältere Fräulein. Die Studenten teilten sich mit dem jungen Ehepaar in die anderen. Das Gespräch war lebhaft, jeder erzählte von Abenteuern, von Gemsejägern und Sennerinnen, und am16-8 am besten drauf war der Assessor.

Nach dem Imbiß baten die Damen, es16-9 möchten doch die Studenten wieder ein Lied singen, wie damals im Stellwagen. Schnell waren diese bei der Hand, und fröhlich klangen die Terzette durch den warmen Raum. Unvermerkt hatte sich17-1 die Thür aufgethan, und aus der hintern Stube waren die Insassen hergewandert, als sie vorne singen hörten. Der alte Führer des Assessors vorndran, und zwischendrin die flachsköpfige Spinnerin.

Nach dem Imbiss baten die Damen, es16-9 möchten doch die Studenten wieder ein Lied singen, wie damals im Stellwagen. Schnell waren diese zur Hand, und fröhlich klangen die Terzette durch den warmen Raum. Unbemerkt hatte sich17-1 die Tür geöffnet, und aus dem hinteren Raum waren die Menschen hergekommen, als sie vorne singen hörten. Der alte Führer des Assessors vorneweg, und dazwischen die flachsköpfige Spinnerin.

„Dös sollt’ mi doch rechtschaffen Wunder nehma, wenn mein Herr17-2 singen könnt’,“ sagte der Alte. „Der giebt sonst koan Laut17-3 von sich“—und wirklich, er sang zu seinem eigenen und des Führers Erstaunen. Er hatte ja eine herrliche Baritonstimme, aber seit Jahren hatte er kein Lied mehr gesungen, wie er behauptete. Aber hier bei den fröhlichen Stimmen gingen ihm Herz und Lippen auf. Zur Vorsorge hatten die Studios noch Noten für eine vierte Stimme mit, wenn je einmal sich noch ein Musikant unterwegs zum Quartett fände.17-4 Es17-5 waren ja alte, liebe Lieder, die sie sangen, die er einst auch in jüngeren Tagen bei Ständchen und Morgengrüßen gesungen. Fröhlich klang das alte Quartett:

„I should really be amazed if my Lord17-2 could sing,” said the old man. “He usually doesn’t make a sound17-3”—and indeed, he sang to his own and the leader's surprise. He had a wonderful baritone voice, but he claimed he hadn’t sung a song in years. Yet here, among the cheerful voices, his heart and lips were opened. As a precaution, the studios had brought along sheets for a fourth voice in case any musician happened to join the quartet.17-4 They were old, beloved songs that they sang, which he had also sung in his younger days during serenades and morning greetings. The old quartet sounded cheerful:

Mir ist auf der Welt nichts lieber17-6
Als das Stübchen, wo ich bin,
Denn da wohnt mir gegenüber
Eine schöne Nachbarin!

Mir ist auf der Welt nichts lieber17-6
Als das Zimmer, in dem ich bin,
Denn dort wohnt mir gegenüber
Eine hübsche Nachbarin!

„Herr Assessor, Ihre schöne Nachbarin in Buchau soll17-7 leben!“ rief der muntere zweite Tenor, „die Tochter des Landgerichtspräsidenten.“

„Mr. Assessor, your lovely neighbor in Buchau should 17-7 live!” shouted the cheerful second tenor, “the daughter of the district court president.”

„Der17-8 ist leider selbst noch ledig,“ antwortete trocken der Assessor. „Mir wohnt nichts17-9 gegenüber als ein Schmied, dessen Gesellen mich morgens um vier Uhr aus dem süßen Schlummer jagen, das ist eine grausame Nachbarschaft.“

„Unfortunately, the 17-8 is still single,“ replied the assessor dryly. “All I have living across from me is a blacksmith, whose apprentices wake me up at four in the morning from my sweet slumber; it’s a cruel neighborhood.“

Er war eben daran, seinen Jammer näher zu beschreiben, als durch die Hauptthüre der hochaufgeschossene Engländer mit seinem Rotkopf im Gefolge eintrat.

Er war gerade dabei, sein Elend näher zu beschreiben, als der große Engländer mit seinem roten Kopf durch die Haupttür hereinkam.

„Sankt Florian18-1
Zünd’t18-2 Häuser an!“

„Saint Florian__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__
Set fire to__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ houses!“

sagte leise der zweite Tenor, auf den Rotkopf schauend. Die Mädchen hielten sich die Taschentücher vor den Mund, der Eheherr griff nach seinem roten Tyroler und steckte tief das Gesicht in das Glas. Nur die „Institutsvorsteherin“ und der Assessor hielten Balance18-3 mit sicherm Takte. Der Engländer aber sagte in etwas englisiertem, aber sonst anständigem Deutsch:

sagte leise der zweite Tenor, während er den Rotkopf ansah. Die Mädchen hielten sich die Taschentücher vor den Mund, der Ehemann griff nach seinem roten Tyroler und steckte sein Gesicht tief in das Glas. Nur die „Institutsvorsteherin“ und der Assessor hielten mit sicherem Takt das Gleichgewicht.18-3 Der Engländer sagte jedoch in einem etwas englisierten, aber ansonsten anständigen Deutsch:

„Ich haben18-4 gehabt sehr großes Vergnügen in meinem Zimmer, zu hören solch schönes Gesang. Ich komme zu bitten, daß ich noch mehr höre.“

„Ich habe 18-4 sehr viel Freude in meinem Zimmer gehabt, so schönen Gesang zu hören. Ich bitte darum, dass ich noch mehr hören kann.“

Er sagte das mit solch edlem Anstand, daß einer der Studios aufstand, ihm seinen Stuhl anzubieten und ihn einzuladen, wenn ihm die Gesellschaft behagte,18-5 sich niederzulassen. Er stellte ihm alle vor und bat ihn dann ebenfalls zu sagen, „woher18-6 des Landes, woher der Männer er sei.“18-7—„Sie sehen, ich bin Engländer, und James ist es auch, der gute alte Junge. Der Name ist nicht notwendig—nennen Sie mich Mr. Brown, und ich bin’s zufrieden,“ sagte er lächelnd. „Wir sind heute Mittag gekommen durch Salzkammergut—beautiful indeed—und konnten18-8 nicht mehr weiter. Aber singen Sie, meine Herren, singen Sie, ich bitte.“—Schnell waren die Sänger zusammen, sprachen zuerst leise mit einander und setzten plötzlich kräftig ein in die Weise:

Er sagte das mit so viel edlem Anstand, dass einer der Studios aufstand, ihm seinen Stuhl anbot und ihn einlud, sich zu setzen, falls ihm die Gesellschaft gefiel. Er stellte ihm alle vor und bat ihn dann auch zu sagen, „woher er kommt, aus welchem Land, woher er sei.“—„Sie sehen, ich bin Engländer, und James ist es auch, der gute alte Junge. Der Name ist nicht notwendig—nennen Sie mich Mr. Brown, und ich bin zufrieden,“ sagte er lächelnd. „Wir sind heute Mittag durch das Salzkammergut gekommen—really nice—und konnten nicht mehr weiter. Aber singen Sie, meine Herren, singen Sie, ich bitte.“—Schnell waren die Sänger zusammen, sprachen zuerst leise miteinander und setzten plötzlich kräftig ein in die Melodie:

Treu19-1 und herzinniglich,
Robin Adair!
Tausendmal grüß ich dich!
Robin Adair!
Hab’ ich doch19-2 manche Nacht
Schlummerlos zugebracht,
Immer an dich gedacht,
Robin Adair!

Treu und herzlich,
Robin Adair!
A thousand times I greet you!
Robin Adair!
I've spent many a sleepless night,
Always thinking of you,
Robin Adair!

Die Verse verklangen. Der Engländer war außer sich vor Freude, als er die heimische Weise klingen hörte. „Das ist beautiful—, aber wo haben Sie ein ähnliches deutsches Lied?“—Die Studios besannen sich.

Die Verse verklangen. Der Engländer war überglücklich, als er die heimische Melodie hörte. „Das ist pretty—, aber wo haben Sie ein ähnliches deutsches Lied?“—Die Studios dachten nach.

„Nun, singen Sie: ‚Ännchen von Tharau’!“,19-3 E-1 sagte die „Institutsvorsteherin.“

„Now, sing: 'Ännchen von Tharau'!“,19-3 E-1 said the "head of the institute."

„Richtig, los! eins, zwei, drei, ’Ännchen von Tharau’ ist’s die mir gefällt!“ rief der zweite Tenor. Sie sangen frisch herunter:

„Right, let's go! One, two, three, 'Ännchen von Tharau' is the one I like!” shouted the second tenor. They sang cheerfully:

Ännchen von Tharau ist’s, die mir gefällt,
Sie ist mein Leben, mein Gut und mein Geld.

Ännchen von Tharau hat wieder ihr Herz
Auf mich gerichtet in Freud’ und in Schmerz.

Ännchen von Tharau, mein Reichtum, mein Gut!
Du, meine Seele, mein Fleisch und mein Blut.

Käm’ alles Wetter gleich auf uns zu schlahn,19-4
Wir sind gesinnt, bei einander zu stahn:

Krankheit, Verfolgung, Betrübnis und Pein
Soll unsrer Liebe Verknotigung sein ...

Ännchen from Tharau is the one I love,
She is my life, my treasure, and my wealth.

Ännchen from Tharau has once again turned her heart
Towards me in joy and in pain.

Ännchen from Tharau, my fortune, my treasure!
You, my soul, my flesh, and my blood.

If all kinds of weather come crashing down on us,
We are determined to stand by each other:

Illness, persecution, sorrow, and anguish
Will only strengthen our love ...

„Das ist ein schönes Volkslied, das müssen Sie mir geben. Aber was ist das „Verknotigung?““20-1 E-2

„That’s a beautiful folk song, you have to share it with me. But what is this 'Verknotigung?'“20-1 E-2

„Ja, wissen Sie, das ist etwas besonderes. Zum Exempel, wenn ein Jüngling und eine Jungfrau sich so ein bißchen stark lieb haben, so ist das „Verknotigung“. Das kommt von dem Liebesband her, und wenn die zwei Bänder zusammenkommen und geknüpft werden, giebt’s allemal dort eine „Verknotigung“. ‚Der Ausdruck ist obsolet,’ sagt der Herr Professor auf seiner Hitsche20-2—aber er20-3 ist gut, sehr gut,“ sagte der zweite Tenor.

„Yeah, you know, that's something special. For example, when a young man and a young woman are really in love, that's called a 'knotting.' It comes from the love bond, and when the two bonds come together and are tied, there’s always a 'knotting' there. 'The term is outdated,' says the professor on his perch20-2—but it20-3 is good, very good,” said the second tenor.

O, well, Sir—sehr gut! ich verstehen jetzt „Verknotigung“. Ich lieben sehr das Volkslied20-4 der Deutschen.“

Oh, well, sir—very good! I understand now 'knotting.' I really love the folk song20-4 of the Germans.“

„Holla!“ rief der zweite Tenor, „das können Sie hier20-5 haben, Mr. Brown, aus bester Quelle. Heda, ihr Mannsleut’, singt’s20-6 einmal einen Steirer!20-7 Meint Ihr denn, wir singen umsonst hier? Jeder, wer zuhört, zahlt20-8 einen Zwanziger Münz.20-9 Wenn Ihr aber selber singt, braucht’s nix zu zahlen!“

„Hey!“ shouted the second tenor, “you can have this here, Mr. Brown, from a great source. Hey, you guys, sing us a Styrian tune! Do you think we're singing here for free? Everyone listening pays a twenty-cent coin. But if you sing yourself, you don't have to pay!”

Die Leute schauten sich verdutzt an, und keiner sagte ein Wort. Endlich brach der alte Führer das Schweigen:

Die Leute schauten sich verwirrt an, und keiner sagte ein Wort. Schließlich brach der alte Führer das Schweigen:

„Wär’20-10 schon völlig recht, junger Herr, aber wir Leut’ singen halt anders als d’ Stadtleut’ und könnet’s nit gar schön. Für uns is schon völlig schön genug, draußen auf der Almen—aber für Euch nit!“

„Wär’20-10 totally right, young sir, but us folks sing differently than the city people and it might not be very nice. For us, it’s already completely nice out on the pastures—but for you, it’s not!“

„Ach was—Ihr singt wie’s20-11 Euch ums Herz ist.“

„Ah, well—You sing as if it’s20-11 close to your heart.“

„Habt Ihr denn keine Zither?“ fragte der Assessor.

„Do you not have a zither?“ asked the assessor.

„Freilich, freilich, a Zithern is schon da bein’n Tauernwirt. Johann, der gnädige Herr will dein Zithern haben,“ rief der Alte.

„Of course, of course, there’s already a zither at the inn by the mountains. Johann, the gracious gentleman wants your zither,“ shouted the old man.

Der Tauernwirt brachte sie herbei, der Assessor stimmte mit kundiger Hand schnell das gute Instrument und spielte mit ungemeiner Fertigkeit einen „Herzog-Maxländler“21-1 und dann einen „Steierischen“ in optima forma.21-2

Der Tauernwirt brachte sie her, der Assessor stimmte mit geschickter Hand schnell das gute Instrument und spielte mit außergewöhnlichem Talent einen „Herzog-Maxländler“21-1 und dann einen „Steierischen“ in optimal form.21-2

Im Hintergrunde bewegten sich schon die Füße; die Leute waren elektrisiert, und vorab der Alte mit dem Gemsbarte21-3 zog bald das eine, bald das andere Bein hinauf und zuckte mit21-4 den Armen wie ein Hampelmann, den man21-5 an der Schnur zieht. Plötzlich klang’s21-6 aus dem Hintergrund:

Im Hintergrund bewegten sich bereits die Füße; die Leute waren elektrisiert, und vor allem der alte Mann mit dem Ziegenbart hob bald das eine, bald das andere Bein und zuckte mit den Armen wie eine Puppe, die an der Schnur gezogen wird. Plötzlich hörte man aus dem Hintergrund:

Und zwoa Blattln21-7 und zwoa Bleamle
Und a Reb’n um an Stamm,
Und was21-8 oanonda b’stimmt is,
Dös find’t sich a21-9 z’samm!

Und zwei Blätter und zwei Blümchen
Und eine Rebe um einen Stamm,
Und was sich untereinander bestimmt ist,
Das findet sich auch zusammen!

Eine helle Stimme sang’s; es war die Spinnerin. Der Assessor begleitete sie, und bald darauf schallte es:21-10

Eine helle Stimme sang; es war die Spinnerin. Der Assessor begleitete sie, und bald darauf schallte es:21-10

B’hüat’21-11 dich Gott, mein kleans Dioandl,
Es muß a so sein,
Mein Leb’n gehört in Koasa,
Mein Herz’l g’hört dein!

Und mein Herzerl, dös laß ich
Dahoam in dein Haus,
Sonst traf’s leicht a Kugel,
Run d’ Liab alli r’aus!“

B’hüat’21-11 God, my little darling,
It has to be this way,
My life belongs in your world,
My heart belongs to you!

And my little heart, I’ll leave it
At home in your place,
Otherwise, it could easily get shot,
Love will be all gone!“

Es21-12 sang’s ein stämmiger Bursche. Aber der Alte warnte gleich darauf mit dem Verse:

Es21-12 sang was a sturdy guy. But the Old Man immediately warned with the verse:

„Gescheit22-1 sein, gescheit sein,
Nit in Oalles glei n’ein!
Es sitzt oft a Fux
In ’ren Pelzkappen d’rein!“

„Be smart, be wise,
Not in all things the same!
There’s often a fox
In their fur hats!”

Der Engländer war außer sich vor Freude; das hatte er ja22-2 schon längst gewünscht zu hören, aber niemand hatte ihm den Gefallen gethan, trotzdem er oft den Leuten Geld geboten hatte. Aber fürs22-3 Geld sangen sie wohl22-4 drunten im Flachland, die nachgemachten Tyroler in Glacéehandschuhen, aber da oben nicht. Aber jetzt waren die Leute guter Dinge.22-5 Die Studenten holten die Sängerin vor. Der Engländer nahm sich22-6 den Tauernwirt auf die Seite und redete mit ihm. Der Rotkopf verschwand und kehrte mit etlichen Flaschen zurück. Bald brodelte es22-7 aufs neue in der Küche von Kaiserschmarren, auf dem Tische aber dampfte eine prächtige Bowle. Verschämt setzten sich die Leute aus der Hinterstube herein in die Herrenstube und bekamen vollauf zu essen und frischen Tyroler zu trinken, während die Studenten kunstgerecht den Punsch mit Hilfe des Engländers zurecht machten. Alles war ein Geschenk von Mr. Brown, das er anzunehmen bat, als Beitrag dafür,22-8 daß er nicht singen könne.

Der Engländer war überglücklich; er hatte sich schon lange gewünscht, das zu hören, aber niemand hatte ihm den Gefallen getan, obwohl er oft Geld angeboten hatte. Aber für Geld sangen sie wohl im Flachland, die nachgemachten Tiroler in Handschuhen, aber da oben nicht. Doch jetzt waren die Leute guter Laune. Die Studenten holten die Sängerin herbei. Der Engländer zog den Wirt zur Seite und sprach mit ihm. Der Rotkopf verschwand und kam mit ein paar Flaschen zurück. Bald brodelte es wieder in der Küche von Kaiserschmarren, während auf dem Tisch eine herrliche Bowle dampfte. Verschämt setzten sich die Leute aus der Hinterstube in die Herrenstube und bekamen genug zu essen und frisch Tiroler zu trinken, während die Studenten mit Hilfe des Engländers den Punsch zubereiteten. Alles war ein Geschenk von Mr. Brown, das er als Beitrag dafür annahm, dass er nicht singen konnte.

Der Assessor spielte,22-9 die drei Studenten sangen, die Bauern hörten zu, und der Tauernwirt schmunzelte in der Ofenecke und freute sich, daß heute Abend was22-10 draufging, und segnete das Schneetreiben, das ihm die Gäste in seine Klause gejagt.—Draußen stürmte es noch lustig zu—aber was thut’s,22-11 wenn

Der Assessor spielte, 22-9 die drei Studenten sangen, die Bauern hörten zu, und der Tauernwirt schmunzelte in der Ofenecke und freute sich, dass heute Abend was 22-10 losging, und segnete das Schneetreiben, das ihm die Gäste in seine Klause gejagt hatten. Draußen stürmte es noch lustig zu—aber was macht’s, 22-11 wenn

Im Ofen hell der Kienspan blitzt,
Und jeder warm beim andern sitzt—
Da thut das Herz im schnellen Lauf
Sich fröhlicher dem Herzen auf!

Im Ofen hell der Kienspan blitzt,
Und jeder warm beim andern sitzt—
Da tut das Herz im schnellen Lauf
Sich fröhlicher dem Herzen auf!

So war’s auch hier, die Fremden waren durchs Unwetter eine Familie geworden. Die Studenten hatten sich schnell unter die Eingebornen gemacht,23-1 und die kluge Elsa war ihnen nachgefolgt. Der Rotkopf hatte sich23-2 den Alten mit dem Gemsbart ausgewählt, den er trotz allen Anschreiens nicht verstand. Der Engländer unterhielt sich mit der „Vorsteherin“ im feinsten Englisch. Der Assessor aber rückte zu dem jungen Ehepaare. Die zwei andern Mädchen zog’s23-3 auch hinüber zu der Else und langsam rutschten sie an der Wand bis hinüber zu ihr.

So it was here too, the outsiders had become a family through the storm. The students quickly blended in with the locals, and the smart Elsa had followed them. The redhead had picked the old man with the gem-studded beard, whom he didn’t understand despite all the shouting. The Englishman was chatting with the “leader” in the finest English. Meanwhile, the assessor moved toward the young couple. The other two girls were also drawn over to the group, and they slowly slid along the wall until they reached her.

„Wie wär’s,23-4 meine Herrschaften, wenn jeder von uns eine Geschichte aus seinem Leben erzählte?23-5 Mit dem Schlaf wird’s23-6 doch nicht viel werden heute Nacht, nicht wahr, Mr. Brown, trotz Ihres hohen23-7 Bettes, und das Stroh für Sie, mein Fräulein,23-8 kann warten, bis Sie sich darin verkriechen—“ sagte plötzlich der unermüdliche zweite Tenor.

„How about it,23-4 ladies and gentlemen, if each of us told a story from our lives?23-5 With sleep, it’s23-6 probably not going to happen tonight, right, Mr. Brown, despite your high23-7 bed, and the straw for you, my dear,23-8 can wait until you snuggle into it—“ said suddenly the tireless second tenor.

„Ach ja—das wäre23-9 schön,“ meinten die Fräuleins;23-10 denn sie wußten sich geborgen, daß sie nichts zu erzählen brauchten, weil sie noch nichts erlebt hatten.

„Oh yes—that would be23-9 great,“ the girls said;23-10 because they felt secure in the fact that they didn’t have to share any stories since they hadn't experienced anything yet.

„Wer fängt an?“ riefen sie alle.

"Who's starting?" they all shouted.

„Wir werden den Halm ziehen?“ Sie zogen und den kürzesten zog der junge Eheherr. Alle lachten, denn er war bis jetzt der schweigsamste gewesen, und hatte sich nur an dem süßen Geplauder seiner Frau erfreut.

„Are we going to draw straws?” They pulled, and the youngest husband drew the shortest one. Everyone laughed because he had been the quietest until now and had only enjoyed the sweet chatter of his wife.

„Nun denn, wenn es sein muß, werde ich Ihnen unsere Hochzeitsgeschichte erzählen. Annlieschen, erschrick nicht, wenn du dabei etliche Male vorkommst, denn sonst ist’s keine Hochzeitsgeschichte,“ sagte er zu seiner Frau, „denn dazu gehören immer zwei.“

„Well then, if I must, I’ll tell you our wedding story. Annlieschen, don’t be shocked if you come up a few times, because otherwise it wouldn’t be a wedding story,“ he said to his wife, “because it always takes two to make one.”

„Ja, mach’s aber nur nicht zu arg, Hans.“

„Yeah, just don’t go too far with it, Hans.”

„Wes Zeichens24-1 und Standes ich bin, brauchen Sie nicht zu wissen, noch wie wir heißen. Wo wir her24-2 sind, merken Sie vielleicht an unsrer Sprache, die so etwas niederrheinisch24-3 klingt. Aber wir sind ehrlicher Leute Kind24-4 und haben noch keine silbernen Löffel gestohlen.—Also so war’s: Ich lebte mit einer Schwester auf einem Dorfe und war nahe daran, ein Einsiedler zu werden. Die Schwester wußte so gut, was mir lieb war, und ich wußte, was sie gerne hatte, und so gedachte ich mein Leben still zu beschließen als Einsiedler. Aber es24-5 kam anders. Plötzlich kam es24-6 wie das Schneetreiben heute und jagte mich in den Ehestand hinein. Meine Schwester hatte just ihr Kaffeekränzchen mit ihren Gespielinnen, in welchem nebenbei auch gestrickt24-7 wurde. Die Strickkörbchen wanderten24-8 von Kränzchen zu Kränzchen. Die Nächstfolgende nahm die Körbchen immer mit nach Hause. Es24-9 war die Reihe an einem muntern, rotwangigen Mädchen. Sie nahm die Körbchen am Schluß des Kränzchens. Es war schon spät, und ich mußte sie ehrenhalber begleiten. Da fiel mir plötzlich ein, daß sie sich mit den Körbchen schleppte, und ich bat: „Ach bitte, geben Sie mir doch24-10 die Körbchen.“24-11 „Nein,“ sagte sie, „kein einziges.“ Da fuhr mir’s25-1 durch den Sinn: Jetzt oder nie!—„Ha,“ sagte ich—„Fräulein, wirklich, Sie geben mir kein Körbchen? Dann bin ich der glücklichste Mensch, dann geben Sie mir einen Kuß.“ Und ehe sie sich’s versah, hatte ich ihr um die Straßenecke herum einen Kuß gegeben. Sie weinte und lachte zugleich, und ich sagte: „Komm,25-2 wir wollen gleich umkehren und es der Schwester sagen.“ Wir kehrten Arm in Arm um und stellten uns als Braut und Bräutigam vor. Die Schwester zog mich auf die Seite und sagte: „Sieh, Hans, die25-3 habe ich immer gemeint. Sie hat dich auch lieb, das weiß ich.“—Und nun sehen Sie: das ist das Annlieschen hier, meine liebwerte, herzallerliebste Frau.“—

„As for my origin and status, you don't need to know that, nor do you need to know our names. You might notice where we're from by our language, which sounds a bit Low Rhineland. But we're honest folks and haven't stolen any silver spoons. So, here’s how it went: I lived with a sister in a village and was close to becoming a hermit. My sister knew what I loved, and I knew what she liked. I intended to quietly live my life as a hermit. But things turned out differently. Suddenly, it came rushing in like a snowstorm today and pushed me into marriage. My sister had just had her coffee gathering with her friends, during which they also did some knitting. The knitting baskets were passed from gathering to gathering. The next girl took the baskets home with her. It was the turn of a cheerful, rosy-cheeked girl. She picked up the baskets at the end of the gathering. It was getting late, and I had to escort her out of courtesy. Suddenly, I remembered that she was struggling with the baskets, and I asked, “Oh please, just give me the baskets.” “No,” she said, “not a single one.” Then it struck me: now or never! “Ha,” I said, “Miss, really, you won’t give me a basket? Then I’ll be the happiest man; you’ll give me a kiss.” And before she knew it, I had given her a kiss around the street corner. She cried and laughed at the same time, and I said, “Come, let's turn back and tell my sister.” We turned back arm in arm and introduced ourselves as bride and groom. My sister pulled me aside and said, “Look, Hans, I always thought she was the one. She loves you too, I know it.” — And now you see: that’s Annlieschen here, my loving, dearest wife.” —

Alle schauten sie lachend an; aber in ihr halbverlegenes und in ihrer Verlegenheit um25-4 so hübscheres Angesicht brannte25-5 plötzlich zum Erstaunen aller—ein kräftiger Kuß. Der kam von der „Institutsvorsteherin,“ welche die junge Frau warm umschlang. „Sie glückliches Menschenkind!“ sagte sie. Die Studenten waren ob25-6 Kuß und Rede höchst verwundert. In dem zweiten Tenor stieg ein leises Ahnen und Zweifeln auf, es25-7 möge doch am Ende mit der „Institutsvorsteherin“ nicht völlig seine Richtigkeit25-8 haben, denn das sei doch nicht nach Knigges25-9 ‚Umgang mit Menschen’ gehandelt und geredet. Als er ihr tief ins Angesicht schaute, ward’s ihm noch klarer. Sie deuchte ihm wirklich schön zu sein, zu schön für eine Pensionsmutter.25-10

Alle schauten sie lachend an; aber in ihrem halbverlegenen und in ihrer Verlegenheit um25-4 so hübscheres Gesicht brannte25-5 plötzlich zum Erstaunen aller—ein kräftiger Kuss. Der kam von der „Institutsvorsteherin,“ die die junge Frau warm umschlang. „Du glückliches Menschenkind!“ sagte sie. Die Studenten waren ob25-6 Kuss und Rede höchst verwundert. In dem zweiten Tenor stieg ein leises Ahnen und Zweifeln auf, es25-7 möge doch am Ende mit der „Institutsvorsteherin“ nicht völlig seine Richtigkeit25-8 haben, denn das sei doch nicht nach Knigges25-9 ‚Umgang mit Menschen’ gehandelt und geredet. Als er ihr tief ins Gesicht schaute, wurde es ihm noch klarer. Sie erschien ihm wirklich schön zu sein, zu schön für eine Pensionsmutter.25-10

Am meisten hatte aber der Assessor mit seiner Konfusion zu kämpfen. Die ganze Hochzeitsgeschichte kam ihm so wunderbar vor. Auch er blickte hinüber zu der „Institutsvorsteherin“ und konnte sich26-1 das26-2 nicht mit der gehaltenen Würde eines „Pensionsdrachen“ vereinigen.

Am meisten hatte aber der Assessor mit seiner Verwirrung zu kämpfen. Die ganze Hochzeitsgeschichte erschien ihm so erstaunlich. Auch er schaute hinüber zur „Institutsvorsteherin“ und konnte sich die gehaltene Würde eines „Pensionsdrachen“ nicht vorstellen.

Der Eheherr aber fuhr fort: „Nun hatten wir kurze Verlobungszeit,26-3 denn bei mir26-4 waren, von den Eltern her, Kasten und Schränke voll von selbstgesponnenem Flachs und Leinen. Meine Schwester räumte bald das Feld, denn sie selber hatte eine alte Liebe, der sie aber nicht eher nachhängen wollte, als bis sie mich versorgt wußte. Die Hochzeit war bald, und die Hochzeitsreise ist es, auf der wir uns befinden. Wir wußten zuerst nicht wohin26-5 und kamen mit der Kutsche an einen Knotenpunkt der Eisenbahn gefahren.26-6 „Annlieschen,“ sag’ ich, „wo26-7 der erste Zug jetzt hinfährt, ob nach Norden oder Süden, da fahren wir hin.“ Annlieschen war’s zufrieden, wie sie überhaupt mit allem zufrieden ist. Also der Zug geht nach Süden. Wir fahren nach Kassel.26-8 Ich sage: „Hast26-9 du Kassel gesehen, dann siehst du auch Frankfurt26-10 am Main, wo die deutschen Kaiser einst gehaust.“ Sagt26-11 Annlieschen: „Ja wohl—dahin laß mich mit dir, mein Geliebter, ziehen.“26-12 Dort regnet’s in Strömen. Wir sitzen im Westend-Hotel und sehen uns26-13 den Regen an. „Anneliese,“ sag’ ich, „das ist langweilig—wir gehen26-14 nach dem schönen Heidelberg,26-15 da ist’s sonnig und wonnig.“ Aber in Heidelberg, dem Wetterloch,26-16 war’s noch schlimmer. Sitzt26-17 im „Ritter“26-18 dort ein Herr, der sagt: „Freiburg27-1 im Breisgau—da ist’s schön, herrlich!“—und Anneliese sagt wieder: „Dahin, dahin u.s.w.“27-2 Ich gehe mit ihr nach Freiburg, auf den Blauen27-3—„da schimmert was,“27-4 sag’ ich. „Anneliese—guck27-5 mal27-6—weißt du, was das ist?“ „Nein,“ sagt die Anneliese. „Siehste27-7—das27-8 sind die Alpen.“ Anneliese sagt wieder: „Dahin laß uns ziehen.“ Wir ziehen durch die Schweiz nach dem Sankt Gotthard,27-9 wo wir eingeregnet werden. Da sitzen zwei Brautpaare in gleicher Nässe, die wollten27-10 nach Italien. Italien! das stach27-11 mich wie ein Skorpion. „Annlieschen—Italien!—Land,27-12 wo die Citronen blühen27-13—dahin laß uns ziehen!“ Wir hatten zwar nichts bei uns als einen kleinen Reisesack in der Hand zu27-14 tragen, aber ich sage: „Es27-15 kennt uns niemand.“ Also nach Italien! Wir waren in Mailand27-16 und Genua.27-17 Ich sage: „Annlieschen—weißt du, was da hinten liegt am blauen Meere?“ „Nein,“ sagt sie, „wat27-18 soll da liegen?“ „Da liegt Rom—! Rom! Neapel—’s ist ein Katzensprung—also „Annliese avanti!“,27-19 womit der Italiener so viel meint, als wenn der Deutsche „Vorwärts“ sagt. Und schließlich standen wir auf dem Vesuv.27-20 Von dort ging’s27-21 rasch zurück über Venedig27-22 und nun hier herauf nach den Tauern, und da wurden wir festgeschneestöbert.27-23—So, meine Herrschaften, nun wissen Sie Bescheid, wen Sie vor sich haben.“

Der Ehemann fuhr fort: „Wir hatten nur eine kurze Verlobungszeit, denn meine Eltern hatten eine ganze Menge selbstgesponnener Laken und Leinen. Meine Schwester hat bald das Feld geräumt, denn sie hatte eine alte Liebe, um die sie sich aber nicht kümmern wollte, solange sie wusste, dass ich versorgt war. Die Hochzeit war schnell, und jetzt sind wir auf unserer Hochzeitsreise. Zuerst wussten wir nicht, wo wir hinwollten und kamen mit der Kutsche an einen Knotenpunkt der Eisenbahn. „Annlieschen,“ sage ich, „wo der erste Zug jetzt hinfährt, ob nach Norden oder Süden, da fahren wir hin.“ Annlieschen war zufrieden, wie sie es generell immer ist. Also ging der Zug nach Süden. Wir fuhren nach Kassel. Ich sage: „Wenn du Kassel gesehen hast, siehst du auch Frankfurt am Main, wo die deutschen Kaiser einst lebten.“ Annlieschen sagt: „Ja, gerne—lass uns dahin gehen, mein Geliebter.“ Dort regnete es in Strömen. Wir saßen im Westend-Hotel und schauten dem Regen zu. „Anneliese,“ sage ich, „das ist langweilig—wir gehen nach dem schönen Heidelberg, da ist es sonnig und schön.“ Aber in Heidelberg, dem Wetterloch, war es noch schlimmer. Im „Ritter“ saß ein Herr, der sagte: „Freiburg im Breisgau—da ist es schön, herrlich!“—und Anneliese sagt wieder: „Dahin, dahin u.s.w.“ Ich gehe mit ihr nach Freiburg, auf den Blauen—„da schimmert etwas,“ sage ich. „Anneliese—guck mal—weißt du, was das ist?“ „Nein,“ sagt Anneliese. „Sieh mal—das sind die Alpen.“ Anneliese sagt wieder: „Dahin lass uns gehen.“ Wir reisen durch die Schweiz nach dem Sankt Gotthard, wo wir eingeregnet werden. Dort sitzen zwei Brautpaare im gleichen Regen, die nach Italien wollten. Italien! Das reizte mich wie ein Skorpion. „Annlieschen—Italien!—Land, wo die Zitronen blühen—lass uns dahin gehen!“ Wir hatten zwar nur einen kleinen Reisebeutel in der Hand, aber ich sage: „Es kennt uns niemand.“ Also nach Italien! Wir waren in Mailand und Genua. Ich sage: „Annlieschen—weißt du, was da hinten am blauen Meer liegt?“ „Nein,“ sagt sie, „was soll da liegen?“ „Da liegt Rom—! Rom! Neapel—es ist ein Katzensprung—also „Annliese, avanti!“, womit der Italiener so viel meint, wie der Deutsche „Vorwärts“ sagt. Und schließlich standen wir auf dem Vesuv. Von dort ging es schnell zurück über Venedig und hierher zu den Tauern, und dann wurden wir festgeschneit. — So, meine Damen und Herren, nun wissen Sie Bescheid, wen Sie vor sich haben.“

Beautiful indeed,“ sagte der Engländer. „Sie haben großes27-24 Mut. Ich sehr lieben Italien.“

So beautiful,“ said the Englishman. „You have great27-24 courage. I really love Italy.“

Die drei jungen Mädchen waren vor Vergnügen außer sich, also die28-1 hatten Italien gesehen, während sie selbst in Venedig umkehren mußten! Die Frau kam ihnen nun doppelt interessant vor. Sie meinten zwar, man müßte es den Leuten immer am Gesicht ansehen, wenn sie in Italien gewesen,28-2 aber Anneliese sah so rotbackig drein, und ließ es sich so vortrefflich schmecken, und sie merkten nicht das geringste Absonderliche. Nur daß der junge Eheherr ein Spaßvogel war, der in trockenster28-3 Art mit dem fettesten Pinsel malte, das leuchtete ihnen ein.

Die drei jungen Mädchen waren total begeistert, dass die28-1 Italien gesehen hatten, während sie selbst in Venedig umkehren mussten! Die Frau erschien ihnen nun doppelt interessant. Sie dachten zwar, man müsste es den Leuten immer ins Gesicht schreiben können, wenn sie in Italien gewesen waren,28-2 aber Anneliese sah so frisch und rosig aus und genoss es so sehr, dass sie nichts Ungewöhnliches bemerkten. Nur dass der junge Ehemann ein Spaßvogel war, der auf die trockenste28-3 Weise mit dem breitesten Pinsel malte, schien ihnen klar zu sein.

Die Studenten aber ließen die Köpfe hängen. „Ach,“ sagte der zweite Tenor, „wenn unsereinem so etwas mal28-4 in dem Garten28-5 wüchse! Da lernt man seinen Horatius28-6 und Virgil im finstern Loch28-7 und sieht sein Leben28-8 nichts davon,28-9 nicht einmal einen Italiener, von nahem! Beatus ille!28-10

Die Studenten ließen die Köpfe hängen. „Ach,“ sagte der zweite Tenor, „wenn wir so etwas mal in dem Garten hätten! Da lernt man seinen Horatius und Virgil im dunklen Loch und sieht in seinem Leben nichts davon, nicht einmal einen Italiener, aus der Nähe! Blessed is that!

Derweilen der Studio so klagte, stimmte der Assessor die Saiten und fing plötzlich mit schöner, tiefer Stimme das Lied zu singen an:

Derweilen das Studio so klagte, stimmte der Assessor die Saiten und fing plötzlich mit schöner, tiefer Stimme an, das Lied zu singen:

Kennst28-11 du das Land, wo die Citronen blüh’n,
Im dunkeln Laub die Goldorangen glüh’n,
Ein sanfter Wind vom blauen Himmel weht,
Die Myrte still und hoch der Lorbeer steht?
      Kennst du es wohl?28-12
      Dahin! Dahin
Möcht’ ich mit dir, o mein Geliebter zieh’n!

Kennst du das Land, wo die Zitronen blühen,
Im dunklen Laub die Goldorangen leuchten,
Ein sanfter Wind weht vom blauen Himmel,
Die Myrte steht still und hoch der Lorbeer?
      Kennst du es gut?28-12
      Dahin! Dahin
Möchte ich mit dir, oh mein Geliebter, gehen!

Er sang so schön und herzergreifend, daß alles28-13 stille ward.

Er sang so schön und berührend, dass alles28-13 still wurde.

„Waren Sie schon in Italien?“ fragte der Engländer.

„Have you ever been to Italy?“ asked the Englishman.

„Ja, ich war schon da, vor29-1 Jahren,“ sagte leise und ernst der Assessor. Er schnitt damit29-2 aber jedes weitere Gespräch ab. Man merkte es ihm am Tone an, daß dort etwas von Bedeutung in seinem Leben geschehen sein mußte, womit er nicht herausrücken wollte.

„Yeah, I was there, 29-1 years ago,“ said the assessor quietly and seriously. With that, he cut off any further conversation. You could hear in his tone that something significant must have happened in his life that he didn't want to reveal.

„Sie haben das Lied so schön gesungen,“ sagte die „Vorsteherin“—„so schön wie ich es nur einstens von einer Freundin gehört. Aber merkwürdig ganz mit demselben Klange und derselben Auffassung. Es ist doch eigen, wie plötzlich Erinnerungen auftauchen, die sich an irgend ein Lied oder Wort oder einen Klang so unzerreißbar heften!“

„You sang the song so beautifully,“ said the “leader”—“as beautifully as I once heard it from a friend. But it’s strange how it sounds just the same, with the same interpretation. It’s curious how memories suddenly surface, clinging so tightly to a song or a word or a sound!”

„Und Ihre Freundin war auch in Italien?“ fragte der Assessor.

„And your friend was also in Italy?” asked the assessor.

„Ja—sie ist ganz dort,“ entgegnete die Dame wehmütig. „Sie schläft unter den Cypressen an der Cestiuspyramide,29-3 auf dem Kirchhofe der Protestanten zu Rom.“

„Yes—she is right there,“ the lady replied wistfully. „She sleeps under the cypress trees by the Cestius Pyramid, 29-3 in the Protestant cemetery in Rome.“

Den Assessor durchzuckte es.29-4 Es29-5 kämpfte in ihm, ob er weiter fragen sollte. Endlich fragte er doch: „In welchem Jahre war es?“

Den Assessor durchzuckte es.29-4 Es29-5 kämpfte in ihm, ob er weiter fragen sollte. Endlich fragte er doch: „In welchem Jahr war das?“

„Es war im29-6 Jahre 18.., am 20. Mai, daß sie entschlafen.“

„It was on May 20th in the year 18.. that she passed away.“

Der Assessor stützte den Kopf in beide Hände und sprach kein Wort. Alle schauten still und stumm auf ihn,—am meisten betroffen aber war die „Vorsteherin.“ „Ich habe Ihnen doch29-7 nicht wehe gethan?“ sagte sie in weichem, mildem Tone.

Der Assessor stützte den Kopf in beide Hände und sprach kein Wort. Alle schauten still und stumm auf ihn,—am meisten betroffen aber war die „Vorsteherin.“ „Ich habe Ihnen doch29-7 nicht wehgetan?“ sagte sie in weichem, mildem Ton.

Der Assessor schaute sie klar und tief mit feuchten Augen an. „Wohl und wehe zugleich, Fräulein Milla!—denn keine andere sind Sie, wiewohl ich Sie nie gesehen, die treueste Freundin meiner unvergeßlichen Elsa.“—Er reichte ihr die Hand und hielt sie lange fest.

Der Assessor schaute sie klar und tief mit feuchten Augen an. „Gut und schlecht zugleich, Fräulein Milla! – denn keine andere sind Sie, auch wenn ich Sie nie gesehen habe, die treueste Freundin meiner unvergesslichen Elsa.“ – Er reichte ihr die Hand und hielt sie lange fest.

Nun aber war das Erstaunen an ihr. Ihr Auge leuchtete und eine durchsichtige Röte flammte über die schönen Züge. „Sie sind es, Robert?—Und so sehen wir uns30-1 zum ersten Mal in diesem Leben?“

Nun aber war das Erstaunen an ihr. Ihr Auge leuchtete und eine durchsichtige Röte flammte über die schönen Züge. „Sind Sie es, Robert?—Und so sehen wir uns30-1 zum ersten Mal in diesem Leben?“

Die andern im Kreise schwiegen. Jeder ehrte den Schmerz, den er doch nicht völlig verstand.

Die anderen im Kreis schwiegen. Jeder respektierte den Schmerz, den er doch nicht ganz verstand.

„Sehr merkwürdig,“ sagte der Engländer leise zu den andern. „Bitte, singen Sie ein Lied, das ist das beste für die Wunden.“ Schnell waren die drei Studenten beisammen und sangen mit heller Stimme:

„Very strange,“ said the Englishman quietly to the others. “Please, sing a song; it’s the best remedy for wounds.” Quickly, the three students gathered together and sang in bright voices:

Es30-2 ist bestimmt in Gottes Rat,
Daß man vom liebsten, das man hat,
  Muß scheiden;
Wiewohl doch nichts im Lauf der Welt
Dem Herzen, ach! so sauer fällt
  Als scheiden.

Es30-2 is surely determined in God's plan,
That one must part from the dearest thing they have;
  Though nothing in the course of the world
Is as painful to the heart, oh!
  As parting.

Als sie geschlossen, stand der Assessor auf, drückte jedem die Hand und sagte: „Ich danke Ihnen von Herzen. Vergeben Sie mir den Augenblick, wo ich mich verloren habe und Ihnen vielleicht schwach erschienen bin.“ Die „Vorsteherin“ war noch immer still in sich versunken. Endlich brach der Assessor wieder das Schweigen.

Als sie fertig waren, stand der Assessor auf, drückte jedem die Hand und sagte: „Ich danke Ihnen von Herzen. Verzeihen Sie mir den Moment, in dem ich mich verloren habe und Ihnen vielleicht schwach vorgekommen bin.“ Die „Vorsteherin“ war immer noch still in Gedanken versunken. Endlich brach der Assessor erneut das Schweigen.

„Da Sie so unvermutet Zeugen einer gemeinsamen Erinnerung geworden, so lassen Sie mich Ihnen auch mitteilen, was wir erlebt. Ich darf wohl kurz sein: Es war in meinen Universitätsjahren. Ich war wie Sie, meine Herren, ein fröhlicher Bursche, dem der Himmel voll Baßgeigen31-1 hing. Wir sangen auch, wie Sie, Quartette und weckten die Leute des Morgens31-2 in der Ruhe und des Abends im Schlaf mit unserm Gesang. Da wurden wir eines Tages gebeten, auf einer Hochzeit zu erscheinen und dem jungen Paare zu singen, dafür31-3 sollten wir dann auch mitfeiern. Was thut man nicht als Student, um ein gut Glas Wein zu erjagen? Wir sangen und mischten uns unter die Gäste, die aus allen Himmelsgegenden zusammengeflogen waren. Wir Studenten kamen unter die Brautjungfern zu sitzen. Ich ahnte nicht, daß das die Wendung meines ganzen Lebens werden sollte.31-4 Wir scherzten und sangen; aber mit meiner Nachbarin geriet ich sehr bald ins tiefste Gespräch. Ich hörte und sah nichts mehr als nur sie. Noch nie hatte ein Mensch im31-5 Leben so schnell mich verstanden, und so seelenvoll mit mir verkehrt. Ich war ja31-6 ein Waisenkind, bei fremden Leuten auferzogen, ohne Geschwister, und hatte nie gewußt, was eigentlich ein fühlendes Herz sei. Die Kameraden hatten mich wohl31-7 aus meiner Philisterhaftigkeit und Menschenscheu herausgejagt, aber Zutrauen zu Menschen hatte ich nicht gefaßt. Aber dies Mädchen mit ihrer weichen Stimme, ihren seelenvollen Augen und den geistvollen, blitzenden und doch so warm leuchtenden Gedanken hatte mir eine Welt aufgeschlossen, die ich nicht kannte. Ich wagte es,32-1 ihr von meinem traurigen Leben zu erzählen. Ich weiß nicht, was ich noch alles sagte, mir brannte der Kopf und der Boden unter den Füßen. „Wenn sie nur meine Schwester wäre,“32-2 so dachte ich und sprach es ihr auch aus. Sie schaute mich dabei mit einem wunderbaren Blicke an. Da begann eben der Tanz, ihre Mutter holte sie weg, und sie verlor sich32-3 in den Reihen der Tanzenden. Ich konnte nicht tanzen, aber das Bild verlor sich nicht, ich mußte sie immer mit den Augen verfolgen. Mit einem Male war sie fort,32-4 verschwunden mit ihrer Mutter. Ich hörte, daß sie plötzlich erkrankt sei. Nach dem Tanze mußten wir noch singen; aber ich sang verkehrt, und wir warfen beinahe um. Als die Sache zu Ende war, schlich ich still unter das Fenster des Gasthofes, in welchem sie wohnte; es32-5 war noch Licht oben. Sie war krank, und ich dachte mir gleich das schlimmste. Am folgenden Tage hörte ich, daß sie wirklich schwer vom Typhus erfaßt sei, der wohl in ihr gelegen und den die Aufregung der Hochzeit beschleunigt hatte. Wochen kamen und gingen. Endlich durfte32-6 sie wieder ins Freie. Wir Studenten benutzten den ersten Abend ihrer Genesung, ihr ein Ständchen zu bringen. Stille öffneten sich die Fenster in der lauen Nacht, und unser Gesang tönte hinauf. Die Mutter lud uns mit der Familie, die damals Hochzeit feierte, bald darauf ein. Ich sah Elsa wieder, die Züge waren unverändert, nur die leichte Röte ihrer Wangen erschreckte mich und der starke Glanz in den Augen. Sie reichte mir die Hand und sagte: „Sie haben gewiß das Ständchen mir gebracht.“ Ich wurde rot bis über die Ohren und gestand. Ich sagte noch mehr; ich sagte, wie ich um sie gelitten während dieser Zeit und jeden33-1 Abend stundenlang unten an der Ecke gestanden, um zu sehen, ob das Licht noch brenne.“

„Since you have unexpectedly become witnesses of a shared memory, let me also share with you what we experienced. I'll keep it brief: It was during my university years. I was, like you, my friends, a cheerful guy, with the world at my feet. We sang, just like you, in quartets and woke people in the morning from their peace and at night from their sleep with our songs. One day, we were asked to perform at a wedding and sing for the young couple, for which we were also invited to celebrate. What wouldn’t a student do for a good glass of wine? We sang and mingled with the guests who had come from all over. We, the students, ended up sitting among the bridesmaids. I had no idea that this would change my whole life. We joked and sang; but I quickly fell into a deep conversation with my neighbor. I heard and saw nothing but her. Never before had someone understood me so quickly and connected with me so deeply. I was an orphan, raised by strangers, without siblings, and had never truly known what it meant to have a feeling heart. My friends had managed to pull me out of my aloofness and shyness, but I still had no trust in people. But this girl, with her soft voice, soulful eyes, and intelligent, sparkling yet warm thoughts, opened up a world to me that I didn’t know. I dared to tell her about my sad life. I can’t remember everything I said; my head was spinning and the ground felt unstable beneath me. “If only she were my sister,” I thought and I even said it out loud. She looked at me with a wonderful gaze. Just then the dance began, her mother took her away, and she got lost in the crowd of dancers. I couldn't dance, but the image of her didn’t fade; I had to keep following her with my eyes. Suddenly, she was gone, disappeared with her mother. I heard she had suddenly fallen ill. After the dance, we still had to sing; but I sang out of tune, and we nearly fell over. When it was all over, I quietly sneaked under the window of the inn where she was staying; there was still light on upstairs. She was sick, and I instantly feared the worst. The next day, I heard that she was indeed seriously ill with typhus, which had likely developed within her and was brought on by the excitement of the wedding. Weeks went by. Finally, she was allowed outside again. We students took advantage of the first evening of her recovery to sing her a serenade. Quietly, the windows opened on the warm night, and our singing floated up. Her mother soon invited us, along with the family who had celebrated the wedding. I saw Elsa again; her features were unchanged, but the slight flush on her cheeks alarmed me, as well as the intense sparkle in her eyes. She extended her hand to me and said: “You must have sung the serenade for me.” I turned red all the way to my ears and admitted it. I said more; I told her how I had suffered for her during that time and how every evening I had stood for hours at the corner just to see if the light was still on.”

„Ja, ja,“ sagte sie, „ich war selbst ein brennend33-2 Licht, das hin-33-3 und herflackerte zwischen Leben und Tod. Merkwürdig! Ihre Lebensgeschichte hat mich oft in den33-4 Fieberphantasieen verfolgt; ich sprach immer von einem Waisenknaben, der mich gebeten hätte,33-5 seine Schwester zu sein. Mutter fragte mich manchmal, wer es denn sei,33-6 aber ich kannte Ihren Namen nicht. Ich habe aber von einer Freundin gehört, die mir erzählte, wie einer von den Sängern jeden Tag da unten gestanden und hinaufgeschaut. Ich dachte, das ist gewiß der „Bruder.“

„Yeah, yeah,“ she said, “I was once a flickering light that wavered between life and death. Strange! Her life story often haunted me in feverish fantasies; I kept talking about an orphan boy who asked me to be his sister. Mom sometimes asked me who he was, but I didn’t know his name. However, I heard from a friend who told me how one of the singers stood down there every day and looked up. I thought, that must be the ‘Brother.’”

„Es33-7 flocht sich seit jener Zeit ein inniges Freundschaftsband zwischen uns. Nach ihrer Genesung zog sie mit der Mutter weit weg, aber ich durfte mit ihr korrespondieren. Ich lernte nun mit eisernem Fleiß, um meine Studien33-8 zu vollenden. Ich war nicht unbemittelt, und wenn alles gut ging, so konnte ich ihr nach drei Jahren ein Heim bieten. So arbeitete ich fast über meine Kräfte bei Tag und Nacht. Mein Trost waren Elsas Briefe. Plötzlich blieben diese aus. Ich bekam keine Antwort mehr. Auf meine dringenden Bitten an die Mutter schrieb diese endlich, „der Gesundheitszustand Elsas sei derart,34-1 daß sie jede Aufregung vermeiden müsse.“ Das34-2 warf mich vollends nieder. Ich war ohnehin schon durch übernächtige Arbeiten erschüttert, aber das gab mir den letzten Stoß. Wochenlang lag ich zwischen Leben und Tod. Als ein alter Mensch bin ich vom Bette aufgestanden, da fand ich zwei Briefe—von der Hand dieses Fräuleins hier, einer nahen Freundin Elsas, die34-3 mir Aufschluß gaben. Die Mutter hatte nämlich ihr und ihres Kindes Vermögen bei einem Bankhause verloren. In ihrer Not wandte sie sich an einen Onkel Elsas, der eben so alt wie reich war. Er half auch, aber ließ allmählich seine Absicht auf die Hand Elsas merken. Als er deutlicher damit hervortrat, wehrte sie sich aufs34-4 entschiedenste. Die Mutter sah mit gramvollem34-5 Herzen der Sache zu. Vor Elsa stand die Möglichkeit, durch die reiche Heirat der Mutter zu helfen. Sie liebte mich—aber es deuchte ihr zu lange, bis ich ihr ein Heim bieten könnte, und überhaupt—ich hatte ja doch bisher nur wie ein Bruder zu ihr gestanden. Die Mutter hatte dem Onkel das Geheimnis unserer Liebe unbedacht verraten, und er verbot, als Bedingung seiner weiteren Hilfe, jedes weitere Korrespondieren mit dem jungen Manne. Elsa hatte mir dies durch ihre Freundin schreiben lassen und wartete auf Antwort. Da eben erkrankte ich, und alle meine Briefe blieben uneröffnet bis zu meiner Genesung. Ich öffnete den zweiten Brief, dessen kurzer Inhalt war: Elsa konnte mein Schweigen nicht anders auslegen, als daß ich sie vergessen. Aber sie blieb dennoch fest und standhaft und wollte lieber alle Mittel des Onkels ausschlagen, als einem Manne die Hand geben, den sie nicht liebte. So arbeitete sie denn die Nächte durch,35-1 um ihre Mutter und sich zu erhalten. Aber die zarte Gesundheit fing an zu wanken: der Typhus hatte damals doch eine krankhafte Reizbarkeit der Lunge35-2 zurückgelassen, die35-3 jetzt wieder aufs neue sich Bahn brach. Nach dem Lesen der Briefe wäre35-4 ich fast wieder in Krankheit gesunken, aber es galt ein anderes Leben als das meinige. Ich schrieb der Freundin, mein Vermögen stehe zur Verfügung und schickte sofort eine Summe, um Elsa und ihre Mutter zum Aufenthalte im Süden zu bewegen. Meine Staatsprüfung machte ich halb krank und begehrte nach meiner Anstellung sofort Urlaub, der mir aber verweigert wurde. Ich hielt bei der Mutter um die Hand Elsas an, die derweilen nach Nizza35-5 gegangen. Elsa schrieb die glücklichsten Briefe, ihre Gesundheit stärkte sich von Tag zu Tage. Ich hatte mir endlich Urlaub beim Minister erwirkt. Elsa war nach Florenz35-6 gegangen, in Rom wollten wir uns treffen. Ich eilte über die Alpen, kam in Rom an und flog zum „Hotel Minerva“. Das Stubenmädchen, das35-7 mich melden sollte, schaute mich groß35-8 an und sagte: „Sind Sie ein Doktor? Signora35-9 ist sehr krank, o sehr krank!“ Ich öffnete bebenden Herzens35-10 die Thüre. Ein Nachtlicht brannte durch die dämmerige Stube. „Ist Robert noch nicht da?“35-11 hörte ich eine weiche, sanfte Stimme fragen. Ich fühlte mein Herz hörbar schlagen und winkte der Mutter. „O er ist gewiß da, ich fühl’ es,“ sagte die Kranke. So trat ich ans Bett. Ja, da lag sie, eine sterbende Blume. Tags zuvor hatte sie einen heftigen Blutsturz gehabt, der ihr die letzte Kraft nahm.—Erlassen Sie mir, das Wiedersehen zu beschreiben. Elsas Leben flammte noch einmal auf. Sie hatte sich soweit erholt, daß sie mit uns vor die Thore Roms fahren konnte. Wir kamen an der Cestiuspyramide am Monte Testaccio36-1 vorbei. „Eine Pyramide,“ rief sie leuchtend,36-2 „laß uns zur Pyramide fahren!“ Wir bogen ein. Es war schon Abend. „Ach da ist ja ein Kirchhof,“ sagte sie leise. „Wer wird da begraben unter diesen schönen Cypressen?“—„Die deutschen36-3 Ketzer,“ sagte unser Vetturin, „die nicht an Madonna glauben.“ Elsa war still geworden. Ich wickelte sie fester in den Plaid, da es sehr kalt wurde. Wir fuhren nach dem Gasthof. In der Nacht überfiel sie ein zweiter Blutsturz, sie schaute mich mit einem großen, langen Blick an, dann umschlang sie meinen Hals und sagte: „Leb wohl, mein guter Bruder, mein—“ da stockte ihr Atem, das Leben war entflohen.“

„Since that time, a deep friendship formed between us. After her recovery, she moved far away with her mother, but I was allowed to correspond with her. I worked tirelessly to complete my studies. I wasn’t poor, and if all went well, I could offer her a home in three years. So, I labored almost beyond my strength, day and night. My comfort came from Elsa's letters. Suddenly, they stopped coming. I received no more replies. After my urgent pleas to her mother, she finally wrote that Elsa's health was such that she needed to avoid any excitement. This completely crushed me. I was already shaken from sleepless nights, but this was the final blow. For weeks, I lay between life and death. When I finally got out of bed like an old man, I found two letters from this young lady here, a close friend of Elsa's, that provided me with insight. Her mother had lost her and her child's fortune with a bank. In her distress, she turned to an uncle of Elsa's, who was as old as he was wealthy. He helped, but gradually revealed his intentions towards Elsa. When he became more explicit, she resisted as fiercely as she could. Her mother watched the situation with a heavy heart. Elsa had the option to help her mother through a wealthy marriage. She loved me—but she thought it would take too long for me to provide her with a home, and after all—I had only ever treated her as a brother. The mother had unwittingly revealed our secret love to the uncle, and he forbade, as a condition for his further assistance, any further correspondence with the young man. Elsa had her friend write this to me and was waiting for a response. Just then, I fell ill, and all my letters remained unopened until I recovered. I opened the second letter, which contained a brief message: Elsa could only interpret my silence as me forgetting her. But she remained steadfast and resolute, preferring to refuse all of her uncle's offers than to marry a man she didn’t love. So, she worked through the nights to provide for her mother and herself. However, her fragile health began to falter: typhus had left her with a lingering irritability of the lungs that was now flaring up again. After reading the letters, I nearly fell ill again, but there was another life at stake besides my own. I wrote to her friend, offering my financial support, and immediately sent a sum to encourage Elsa and her mother to spend time in the south. I took my state exam half-sick and immediately requested leave after securing my position, which was denied. I asked Elsa’s mother for her hand, who had meanwhile gone to Nice. Elsa wrote the happiest letters, and her health improved day by day. I finally managed to get leave from the minister. Elsa had gone to Florence; we planned to meet in Rome. I hurried across the Alps, arrived in Rome, and rushed to the “Hotel Minerva.” The maid who was supposed to announce me looked at me wide-eyed and said, “Are you a doctor? Signora is very ill, oh so very ill!” With a trembling heart, I opened the door. A nightlight burned in the dim room. “Is Robert not here yet?” I heard a soft, gentle voice ask. I felt my heart pounding and waved to her mother. “Oh, he must be here, I feel it,” said the sick woman. So, I approached the bed. Yes, there she lay, a dying flower. The day before, she had a violent hemorrhage that had taken her last strength.—Forgive me for not describing our reunion. Elsa's life flared up once more. She had recovered enough that she could go with us to the gates of Rome. We passed the Cestius Pyramid at Monte Testaccio. “A pyramid,” she exclaimed brightly, “let’s go to the pyramid!” We turned in. It was already evening. “Oh, there’s a cemetery,” she said softly. “Who is buried there under these beautiful cypress trees?”—“The German heretics,” replied our coachman, “who do not believe in Madonna.” Elsa had grown silent. I wrapped her more tightly in the plaid as it had become very cold. We drove back to the inn. That night, she suffered a second hemorrhage, looked at me with a long, deep gaze, then wrapped her arms around my neck, saying: “Farewell, my good brother, my—” then her breath stopped, and life slipped away.”

Nach einer Weile fuhr der Assessor fort: „Zwei Tage darauf haben wir sie unter den Cypressen dort begraben, sie—und mein Leben mit ihr. Achtzehn Jahre sind darüber hin.36-4—Ich habe mich fern vom Treiben der Menschen still in den bayrischen Wald geflüchtet und über der Arbeit wohl36-5 mich, aber nicht meine Elsa vergessen. Der Aktenstaub hat sich mir übers Herz gelagert, und ich bin nachgerade beim philisterhaften Junggesellen angelangt. Mir37-1 ist aber, als wäre ich heute von einem langen Schlafe und schweren Traume erwacht. Fräulein Milla, Sie sind schuld, und Sie, meine Herren, mit ihren Liedern. Wissen Sie, wohin ich möchte?37-2 Nach Rom zur Cestiuspyramide; nur eine37-3 Stunde will ich dort unter den Cypressen ruhen und dann wieder heim37-4 zum Landgericht in meine Klause und zu der alten Lena, die so oft die Pyramide im Bilde beschaut und mich fragt, ob das auch eine Kirche sei.“—

Nach einer Weile fuhr der Assessor fort: „Zwei Tage später haben wir sie unter den Zypressen dort begraben, sie—und mein Leben mit ihr. Achtzehn Jahre sind vergangen.36-4—Ich habe mich fern vom Treiben der Menschen still in den bayerischen Wald zurückgezogen und über der Arbeit wohl36-5 mich, aber nicht meine Elsa vergessen. Der Aktenstaub hat sich mir aufs Herz gelegt, und ich bin schließlich zum biedermeierlichen Junggesellen geworden. Mir37-1 ist aber, als wäre ich heute von einem langen Schlaf und schweren Traum erwacht. Fräulein Milla, Sie sind schuld, und Sie, meine Herren, mit ihren Liedern. Wissen Sie, wohin ich möchte?37-2 Nach Rom zur Cestiuspyramide; nur eine37-3 Stunde will ich dort unter den Zypressen ruhen und dann wieder nach Hause37-4 zum Landgericht in meine Kammer und zu der alten Lena, die so oft die Pyramide auf einem Bild betrachtet hat und mich fragt, ob das auch eine Kirche sei.“—

Der Assessor schwieg. Der treuherzige, zweite Tenor schlang den Arm um ihn und sagte ihm als Trost ins Ohr: „Ich bin auch ein Waisenkind!“

Der Assessor schwieg. Der gutmütige zweite Tenor legte seinen Arm um ihn und flüsterte ihm zur Tröstung ins Ohr: „Ich bin auch ein Waisenkind!“

Fräulein Milla, die „Vorsteherin“, war noch ganz in ihre Gedanken verloren, die Vergangenheit zog an ihr vorüber. Sie hatte die Todesnachricht ihrer Freundin von Roberts Hand empfangen, dann aber nichts mehr gehört, da die Mutter Elsas aus Gram ihre Tochter nicht lange überlebte.

Fräulein Milla, the "Director," was still deep in her thoughts, reflecting on the past. She had received the news of her friend's death from Robert, but then she hadn't heard anything more, as Elsa's mother, stricken with grief, did not survive her daughter for long.

Das Reden wurde ihr37-5 offenbar schwer. Zuletzt aber faßte sie sich und sagte: „Finden Sie keine Ähnlichkeit unter diesen Mädchen mit Ihrer Elsa? Schauen Sie sie37-6 einmal37-7 recht37-8 an!“

Das Reden fiel ihr offensichtlich schwer. Schließlich fasste sie sich und sagte: „Sehen Sie da keine Ähnlichkeit zwischen diesen Mädchen und Ihrer Elsa? Schauen Sie sie sich doch einmal richtig an!“

Der Assessor sagte: „Ja, die eine fiel mir schon lange auf, aber ich traute doch nicht ganz meinem Urteil.“

Der Assessor sagte: „Ja, die eine ist mir schon lange aufgefallen, aber ich traute meinem Urteil nicht ganz.“

„Nun ja, sie sind nicht aus der Art geschlagen. Sie wissen, daß Elsa einen Bruder hatte, der nach dem Tode der Mutter in unserm Hause erzogen wurde. Er heiratete später meine jüngste Schwester, und das37-9 sind ihre Kinder. Sie hielten mich wohl38-1 alle, meine Herren, für eine gestrenge Institutsdame! Ich bin es nicht, wir haben uns nur fremden Leuten gegenüber die Maske auferlegt, um unbelästigt durchzukommen. Ich bin die Tante der Kinder.“

„Well, they’re not out of the ordinary. They know that Elsa had a brother who was raised in our home after our mother passed away. He later married my youngest sister, and those are their children. You probably all thought, gentlemen, that I was a strict governess! I’m not; we just put on a mask in front of strangers to get through without any trouble. I am the children’s aunt.“

Jetzt ging auch den Studios ein Licht38-2 auf, und sie begriffen die heitere38-3 „Vorsteherin“. Es war derweilen Mitternacht geworden. Der Engländer saß tief versunken da. Die Geschichte hatte ihn wunderbar getroffen, er redete kein Wort mehr, sondern stand auf und verbeugte sich artig gegen die Damen, schüttelte aber dem Assessor warm die Hand, als wäre er sein bester Freund. Den Studenten dankte er für den Gesang und rief seinen James.

Jetzt wurde den Studios endlich klar, und sie verstanden die fröhliche „Vorsteherin“. Es war inzwischen Mitternacht geworden. Der Engländer saß tief in Gedanken versunken da. Die Geschichte hatte ihn sehr berührt, er sagte kein Wort mehr, stand jedoch auf und verbeugte sich höflich vor den Damen, schüttelte aber dem Assessor herzlich die Hand, als wäre er sein bester Freund. Den Studenten dankte er für den Gesang und rief nach seinem James.

„James—du räumst38-4 unsere Stube aus, daß die Damen da schlafen können. Wir werden das Stroh suchen.“

„James—can you clean up38-4 our room so the ladies can sleep there? We’ll look for the straw.”

Trotz aller Gegenvorstellungen von Seiten Fräulein Millas blieb’s38-5 dabei.

Trotz aller Gegenvorstellungen von Seiten Fräulein Millas blieb’s38-5 dabei.

Die Eingeborenen hatten schon längst ihr Lager gesucht.

Die Einheimischen hatten schon lange ihr Lager gesucht.

Draußen war’s stille geworden, das Schneetreiben hatte sich gelegt.

Draußen war es ruhig geworden, der Schneefall hatte aufgehört.

Die Studenten schliefen bald den gesunden Jugendschlaf, aber der Assessor blickte noch lange hinaus in die mondhelle, glänzende Nacht und über das große Leichentuch, das der Schnee über die Matten und Bergspitzen geworfen.

Die Studenten schliefen bald einen gesunden Schlaf in ihrer Jugend, aber der Assessor schaute noch lange hinaus in die mondhelle, glänzende Nacht und über das große Leichentuch, das der Schnee über die Wiesen und Bergspitzen gelegt hatte.


Der Tag graute. Die Führer waren früh auf, um dem Wetter nachzuspüren und den Schnee zu prüfen. Mit einiger Vorsicht konnte man es schon wagen, weiter zu ziehen. Der Assessor war schon munter und wartete auf Fräulein Milla, sie hatten sich39-1 ja noch so viel zu sagen! Milla erschloß ihr Herz dem vereinsamten Freunde ihrer Elsa, und ihm war39-2 es, wie wenn ein lang verhaltener Strom endlich sich Bahn brechen durfte.

Der Tag begann zu dämmern. Die Führer standen früh auf, um das Wetter und den Schnee zu überprüfen. Mit etwas Vorsicht konnte man es jetzt wagen, weiterzuziehen. Der Assessor war bereits munter und wartete auf Fräulein Milla, sie hatten sich schließlich noch so viel zu sagen! Milla öffnete ihr Herz für den einsamen Freund ihrer Elsa, und es war für ihn, als ob ein lange zurückgehaltener Strom endlich seinen Weg brechen durfte.

Die Studenten zählten indessen „die Häupter39-3 ihrer Lieben,“ d. h.39-4 ihre Gulden und Kreuzer und addierten und subtrahierten die Zeche. Da trat auch der Engländer herein. Die drei grüßten ihn freundlich.

Die Studenten zählten inzwischen „die Köpfe ihrer Lieben,“ das heißt ihre Goldmünzen und Silbermünzen und rechneten die Rechnung zusammen. Da kam auch der Engländer herein. Die drei begrüßten ihn freundlich.

„Nun wohin?“39-5—fragte er.

"Where to now?" __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ — he asked.

„Wohin?—heim, wo wir hergekommen. Wir werden noch ein Konzert veranstalten, ehe wir diesen Platz verlassen.“

„Where to?—home, where we came from. We will hold one more concert before we leave this place.“

„O nein,“ sagte der Engländer, „Sie sollen nicht heim, Sie sollen sehen Italien mit mir, wenn Sie wollen, und mir dann und wann ein Lied singen.“

„Oh no,“ said the Englishman, „you shouldn’t go home, you should see Italy with me if you want, and sing me a song now and then.“

Die Studenten wußten nicht, wie ihnen geschah.

Die Studenten wussten nicht, was mit ihnen passiert war.

„Mr. Brown,“ sagte der zweite Tenor, „das ist sehr edel von Ihnen, aber zu teuer für Sie, denn wir sind allesamt mit einem guten Magen behaftet.“

„Mr. Brown,“ said the second tenor, “that’s very noble of you, but it’s too expensive for you, since we all have a good appetite.”

„Das ist gerade sehr schön, das liebt Mr. Brown sehr. Ich gehe nach Oberitalien,39-6 und Sie begleiten mich, und James und wir werden viele Freude haben. Topp—eingeschlagen!“39-7

„That’s really nice, Mr. Brown loves it a lot. I’m going to Northern Italy,39-6 and you’re coming with me, along with James, and we’re going to have a lot of fun. Awesome—sealed!“39-7

Die drei schlugen herzhaft ein. Über das schöne Gesicht des Engländers zog ein Schimmer der Verklärung. So hatten sie ihn noch nicht gesehen.

Die drei gaben kräftig fünf. Über das schöne Gesicht des Engländers lag ein Hauch von Erleuchtung. So hatten sie ihn noch nie gesehen.

Die Führer mahnten zum Aufbruch. Der alte Gemsbart40-1 nahm das Ränzel des Assessors.

Die Anführer forderten zum Aufbruch auf. Der alte Gemsbart40-1 nahm das Ränzel des Assessors.

Der junge Eheherr zog mit seiner Frau und den Damen abwärts der Ebene zu,40-2 die andern hinab nach Italien. Man hatte sich gegenseitig die Namen und Adressen mitgeteilt, und alle schieden, indem40-3 sie das Schneetreiben segneten, das sie zusammengeweht. Der Tauernwirt sandte allen noch einen hellen Juchzer nach, denn Mr. Brown hatte ihm seinen40-4 guten Kaiser Franz Joseph40-5 in Gold als Extrageschenk zurückgelassen. — — —

Der junge Eheherr zog mit seiner Frau und den Damen die Ebene runter zu 40-2, die anderen nach Italien. Sie hatten sich gegenseitig ihre Namen und Adressen gegeben, und alle verabschiedeten sich, während 40-3 sie das Schneetreiben segneten, das sie zusammengebracht hatte. Der Tauernwirt rief allen noch einen fröhlichen Juchzer nach, denn Mr. Brown hatte ihm seinen 40-4 guten Kaiser Franz Joseph 40-5 in Gold als Extra-Geschenk zurückgelassen. — — —


Der Verfasser könnte nun hier schließen, aber die geneigte Leserin ist neugierig, und möchte für ihr Leben40-6 gern wissen, wie das schließlich noch geendet hat. Darum will er noch ein paar Worte hinzufügen:

Der Autor könnte jetzt hier aufhören, aber die interessierte Leserin ist neugierig und möchte wissen, wie das schließlich ausgegangen ist. Deshalb möchte er noch ein paar Worte hinzufügen:

An einem schönen Tag, das Jahr darauf, klopft’s40-7 am Niederrhein bei40-8 dem jungen Eheherrn, als er gerade seinen kleinen Schreihals herumtrug. „Annlies! avanti!“ riefen draußen zwei Stimmen. Dem Eheherrn wird’s40-9 ganz italienisch zu Mut, und er ruft: „Entrate pure!40-10—d. h. „als40-11 herein!“ Da stehen zwei vor ihm und schauen ihn an. „Nun—wer sind wir?“ fragen sie.

An einem schönen Tag, das Jahr darauf, klopft’s40-7 am Niederrhein bei40-8 dem jungen Eheherrn, als er gerade seinen kleinen Schreihals herumtrug. „Annlies! let's go!“ riefen draußen zwei Stimmen. Dem Eheherrn wird’s40-9 ganz italienisch zu Mut, und er ruft: „Come on in!40-10—d. h. „als40-11 herein!“ Da stehen zwei vor ihm und schauen ihn an. „Nun—wer sind wir?“ fragen sie.

Der Eheherr aber rief in die Küche: „Annlies! avanti!“—ein Hochzeitspaar!“ „Milla!“ rief die junge Frau—„seid41-1 Ihr’s?“ Ja, da standen sie, der Assessor und seine Frau. Sie waren auf der Hochzeitsreise und wollten41-2 zur Cestiuspyramide.

Der Eheherr aber rief in die Küche: „Annlies! let's go!“—ein Hochzeitspaar!“ „Milla!“ rief die junge Frau—„seid41-1 Ihr’s?“ Ja, da standen sie, der Assessor und seine Frau. Sie waren auf der Hochzeitsreise und wollten41-2 zur Cestiuspyramide.

Der Assessor war damals bald umgekehrt, denn ihn trieb ein anderer Gedanke nach Hause. Er war durch jenen Abend dem Leben zurückgegeben und hatte Milla seine Hand gereicht. Alles wanderte41-3 fort, Blasenpflaster, Opodeldoc und Storchfetttopf, und Milla sah aus, wie41-4 wenn sie eben in die Zwanzig gekommen. Was die alte Lena dazu gesagt, wird billig verschwiegen.—

Der Assessor war damals schnell umgekehrt, denn ihn trieb ein anderer Gedanke nach Hause. Er war durch diesen Abend dem Leben zurückgegeben worden und hatte Milla seine Hand gereicht. Alles wanderte41-3 weg, Blasenpflaster, Opodeldoc und Storchfetttopf, und Milla sah aus, als wäre sie gerade zwanzig geworden. Was die alte Lena dazu gesagt hat, wird verschwiegen.—

Der zweite Tenor ist41-5 schon lange ein würdiger Pfarrherr. In seinem Hause ist’s41-6 behaglich englisch41-7 eingerichtet. Am Abend brummt der Theekessel, und der Pfarrherr raucht vom feinsten41-8 dazu.41-9 Zu seiner Seite sitzt ein munteres Weibchen immer vergnügt und heiter;—sie heißt Elsa mit Vornamen, die kluge unter den drei Schwestern. Bei ihrer Hochzeit war Mr. Brown der Brautführer und Milla die Brautmutter. Die andern zwei Studenten waren die Ehrgesellen dabei, und der Assessor, der längst schon ein angesehener Landgerichtsrat ist, gab ihnen den Rat, seinem41-10 Beispiele baldigst zu folgen. An der Hochzeitstafel klang41-11 „Ännchen von Tharau“ noch einmal; aber Mr. Brown wußte jetzt, was „Verknotigung“ war.

Der zweite Tenor ist41-5 schon lange ein würdiger Pfarrer. In seinem Haus ist’s41-6 gemütlich englisch41-7 eingerichtet. Am Abend läuft der Wasserkocher, und der Pfarrer raucht das feinste41-8 dazu.41-9 Neben ihm sitzt eine lebhafte Frau, immer fröhlich und heiter;—sie heißt Elsa und ist die kluge unter den drei Schwestern. Bei ihrer Hochzeit war Mr. Brown der Trauzeuge und Milla die Trauzeugen. Die anderen zwei Studenten waren die Ehrengäste dabei, und der Assessor, der längst ein angesehener Richter ist, gave ihnen den Rat, seinem41-10 Beispiel baldmöglichst zu folgen. An der Hochzeitsfeier klang41-11 „Ännchen von Tharau“ noch einmal; aber Mr. Brown wusste jetzt, was „Verknotigung“ war.

Page 1.1-1. da einen,E-4 used as accusative of the indeclinable indefinite personal pronoun man, one, them; trans. idiomatically by changing to passive construction, when they (i.e. university-students) are overburdened neither by learning nor by the contents of their pocketbooks.

Page 1.1-1. da einen,__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ used as the accusative of the indeclinable indefinite personal pronoun guy, one, them; translated idiomatically by changing to passive construction, when they (i.e., university students) are overwhelmed neither by studying nor by the amount of money in their wallets.

1-2. Er´langen, town and university of Bavaria, far-famed for its divinity school. Note the difference of accentuation between Er´langen and erla´ngen (to get, to obtain).

1-2. Erlangen, a town and university in Bavaria, is well-known for its divinity school. Take note of the difference in pronunciation between Erlangen and Erlangen (to get, to obtain).

1-3. ob ... sei, subjunctive of dependent question, narrated indirectly, the tense remaining the same as would be used when stated directly: „Ist die Welt wirklich so rund?“ being the direct question.

1-3. ob ... sei, subjunctive of dependent question, narrated indirectly, the tense remains the same as would be used when stated directly: "Is the world really that round?" being the direct question.

1-4. der Herr Professor. Herr (and Frau) added to titles are not translated.

1-4. Prof.. Mr. (and Ms.) added to titles are not translated.

1-5. es (introductory), there.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (introductory), there.

1-6. ihrer (partitive genitive), of them.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. ihrer (partitive genitive), of them.

1-7. so verschieden sie auch waren ..., however much they differed from one another ...

1-7. no matter how مختلف they were, regardless of how they differed from one another ...

1-8. in einem (numeral, therefore with emphasis) = in einem Punkte, in one respect.

1-8. in one (numeral, therefore with emphasis) = in one point, in one respect.

1-9. des Basses Grundgewalt, the full (fundamental) power of the bass, a quotation from Goethe’s „Faust,“ I, 2085-86:

1-9. the essential strength of the bass, the full (fundamental) power of the bass, a quotation from Goethe’s „Faust,“ I, 2085-86:

Wenn das Gewölbe widerschallt,
Fühlt man erst recht des Basses Grundgewalt.

When the vault resonates,
You truly experience the power of the bass.

When the vault echoes to the song,
One first perceives the bass is deep and strong.

When the vault resonates with the song,
One first notices the bass is deep and powerful.

(Bayard Taylor.)

(Bayard Taylor.)

1-10. wassergeprüft,“ a literal but unidiomatic translation of the English cognate "waterproof," humorously for „wasserdicht“ (Engl. cognate: "watertight").

1-10. waterproof,” a direct but awkward translation of the English term "waterproof," playfully for „waterproof“ (English equivalent: "watertight").

1-11. Nichte, (in students’ language) for Geliebte, the adored one; love; sweetheart.

1-11. Niece, (in student slang) for Beloved, the adored one; love; sweetheart.

1-12. "Hotel du Lac" (French = "Lake Hotel"—the French form to be retained in translation), a humorous allusion to the large hotels of the lakes of Switzerland, first-class in appointments and charges, which as a rule bear French names, while the less expensive stopping-places have such old-fashioned and unpretentious names as "The Bear Inn," "The Ox Inn," etc.

1-12. "Hotel du Lac" (French = "Lake Hotel"—the French name is kept in translation) is a funny reference to the upscale hotels by the lakes in Switzerland. These hotels are top-notch in quality and pricing and usually have French names, while the cheaper lodgings have more traditional and simple names like "The Bear Inn," "The Ox Inn," and so on.

Page 2.2-1. hat man ..., conditional inversion = wenn man ... hat.

Page 2.2-1. that person conditional inversion = if someone ... has.

2-2. nichts = kein Geld.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. nothing = no money.

2-3. so (here = dann) wird, then the order will be or the order is given:

2-3. so (here = then) would, then the order will be or the order is given:

2-4. die Gassen, in welchen es noch etwas zu zahlen gab, the streets where they owed money—the idea being: On their way to the railroad-station, the three students wisely evaded such streets where they owed money, fearing that, being seen there, by the heart-rending entreaties of their creditors they might be induced to spend part or all of their travelling money in settling old debts.

2-4. the streets where they were in debt, the streets where they owed money—the idea being: On their way to the train station, the three students wisely avoided these streets where they owed money, afraid that, if they were seen there, the heartbreaking pleas of their creditors might lead them to spend part or all of their travel funds to pay off old debts.

2-5. Nr. stands for Nummer.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Nr. means Number.

2-6. Bä´deker (Karl) of Leipzig, and Murray (John) of London, well-known editors and publishers, the first named of a German and the other of an English set of guide-books, both uniformly bound in red cloth.

2-6. Bädeker (Karl) from Leipzig and Murray (John) from London are well-known editors and publishers. The first is known for a German set of guidebooks, and the other is known for an English set, both consistently bound in red cloth.

2-7. daran´, refers back to the contents of the preceding sentence, from doing so.

2-7. that, refers back to the contents of the preceding sentence, from doing so.

2-8. das (der) Barome´ter, note the accent.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the (the) Barometer, note the accent.

2-9. The question „Wie viel Uhr hat es geschlagen?“ ("What time is it?") humorously used for „Wie steht es mit dem Wetter?“ or „Wie sieht es mit dem Wetter aus?“ ("What are the weather-prospects?")

2-9. The question "What's the time?" ("What time is it?") was humorously used for "What's the weather today?" or "What's the weather like?" ("What are the weather prospects?")

2-10. geschlagen. Note the omission of the auxiliary verb in „dependent“ clauses.

2-10. beaten. Notice the missing auxiliary verb in "dependent" clauses.

2-11. wir reisen, present tense for future, as frequently in German.

2-11. we're traveling, present tense for future, as often in German.

2-12. du wirst ... packen, the future sometimes used for an emphatic imperative.

2-12. you will ... manage, the future is sometimes used for an emphatic command.

Page 3.3-1. auf (time, prospectively), for ...

Page 3.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. on (time, prospectively), for ...

3-2. das andere findet sich (phrase), the rest will come of itself.

3-2. the other will find its way (phrase), the rest will take care of itself.

3-3. der alte (= derselbe, der gleiche), as of old.

3-3. the vintage one (= the same, this one), as it used to be.

3-4. es (indefinite), here for die Reise or wir.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it (indefinite), here for the journey or we.

3-5. Dover, seaport in the county of Kent (England), on the Strait of Dover, and on one of the main lines between London and the Continent.

3-5. Dover, a port city in Kent (England), located on the Strait of Dover and along one of the key routes between London and the Continent.

3-6. es, refers to Töchterlein; agreement with grammatical gender; sie would also be correct.

3-6. it, refers to young daughter; agreement with grammatical gender; she would also be correct.

3-7. ihren Blicken, privative sense of dative—from her eyes.

3-7. her look, private sense of dative—from her eyes.

3-8. geht’s = geht es, cf. Note 4, above.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. goes = go it, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

3-9. Sandhase (sandhare), humorously applied to a native of a flat and sandy district, such as are found in the farthest northwest of Germany.

3-9. Sandhase (sandhare), playfully used to refer to someone from a flat and sandy region, like those in the extreme northwest of Germany.

Page 4.4-1. schon (adverb. idiom), difficult to render into English, here perhaps: readily or unhesitatingly.

Page 4.4-1. cool (adverb. idiom), hard to translate into English, but maybe: easily or without hesitation.

4-2. es ist mir ... zu Mut (one of the many impersonal phrases), I feel.

4-2. it means a lot to me ... in spirit (one of the many impersonal expressions), I feel.

4-3. (sag’) nur (adverb. idiom), with an imperative: just tell, or do tell!

4-3. (say) only (adverb. idiom), with an imperative: just tell, or go ahead tell!

4-4. es (introductory) giebt, there is.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (introductory) giebt, there's.

4-5. bescheiden, modestly, unassumingly. Note the sly irony.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. bescheiden, modestly, unassumingly. Note the subtle irony.

4-6. Buchau, a fictitious name; der bayrische Wald ("the Bavarian Forest"), a wooded mountain-range in Eastern Bavaria.

4-6. Buchau, a made-up name; the Bavarian Forest ("the Bavarian Forest"), a forested mountain range in Eastern Bavaria.

4-7. Distinguish between lange (adj.) Jahre and Jahre lang (adv.) for years.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Distinguish between lange (adj.) Jahre and Jahre lang (adv.) for years.

4-8. stiller Mondschein (still moonshine), familiarly and jocosely for „slight baldness.“

4-8. still moonlight (still moonshine), casually and jokingly referring to “slight baldness.”

4-9. das bayrische Wappen. The shield of arms of (the kingdom of) Bavaria is supported by two fiercely looking lions, and contains a smaller center-shield ("inescutcheon") which shows a field of forty-two rhomb-shaped parts ("lozenges") of alternately blue and white tincture. For the latter the wit and the satire of the masses have found the designation "blue and white cuts of bread."

4-9. Bavarian Coat of Arms. The shield of arms of (the kingdom of) Bavaria is supported by two fierce-looking lions, and features a smaller center-shield ("inescutcheon") that displays a field of forty-two diamond-shaped pieces ("lozenges") in alternating blue and white colors. For this, the wit and satire of the people have given it the nickname "blue and white slices of bread."

4-10. ins Gesicht (idiom, the definite article for the possess. pronoun), = in sein Gesicht.—The meaning is: The cares of official life had gradually taken from him all his individuality, so that he looked now as grim as the lions which support the shield of arms of Bavaria, and his face, wrinkled and furrowed, resembled the center-shield with its many cracks and zigzags.

4-10. in your face (idiom, the definite article for the possessive pronoun), = in his face.—The meaning is: The responsibilities of his official life had slowly stripped away all his individuality, making him look as stern as the lions that hold up the coat of arms of Bavaria, and his face, lined and creased, resembled the central shield with its many cracks and zigzags.

4-11. nicht übel (not bad, not amiss), two negatives take the place of a strong affirmation, very fine-looking.

4-11. not bad (not bad, not wrong), two negatives replace a strong affirmation, really great-looking.

4-12. wanderte (wandered). Note the rhetorical figure of „personification“ consisting in representing inanimate objects as endowed with life and action, an idiom not infrequently employed, mainly as a substitute for the passive voice which is less used in German than in English—was put or packed.

4-12. wandered (wandered). Notice the rhetorical device of “personification” which gives life and action to inanimate objects, a technique often used as an alternative to the passive voice, which is less common in German than in English—was put or packed.

4-13. der Opodel´doc (or Opodeldok), a liniment consisting of a solution of soap in alcohol, with the addition of camphor and essential oils—opodeldoc.

4-13. the Opodeldoc (or Opodeldoc), a liniment made from a soap solution in alcohol, mixed with camphor and essential oils—opodeldoc.

Page 5.5-1. der Gemsbart or Gamsbart (chamois-beard), a name given to the bristles cut from the back of the chamois, when arranged in rosette style and worn as a kind of trophy by chamois-hunters on the left side of their Alpine hats.

Page 5.5-1. The Gemsbart or Gamsbart (chamois beard), is a name for the bristles cut from the back of the chamois, which are styled in a rosette and worn as a trophy by chamois hunters on the left side of their Alpine hats.

5-2. elegant´, note the accent.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. elegant, note the accent.

5-3. sei (indirect subj.), was (as she thought).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. be (indirect subj.), what (as she thought).

5-4. nicht ganz bei Trost sein (colloq. phrase), not to be in one’s right mind, or to be slightly cracked.

5-4. not fully in control of one's thoughts (colloq. phrase), not to be thinking clearly, or to be a little off.

5-5. mit der Krone und dem „L“ with the small silver-crown (a badge fastened to the caps of government-officials) and beneath it the letter "L" (standing for Landgericht = Provincial Court of Justice).

5-5. **with the crown and the "L"** with the small silver crown (a badge attached to the hats of government officials) and below it the letter "L" (representing District Court = Provincial Court of Justice).

5-6. wäre, conditional subj. after als, als ob, als wenn, wie wenn.

5-6. will be, conditional subj. after if, as if, as when, how when.

5-7. ihr (dat.), to her = in her opinion.

5-7. her (dat.), to her = in her opinion.

5-8. Mensch, here: common mortal, humorously in contrast to Beamter (office-holder).

5-8. Human, here: ordinary person, playfully contrasted with Official (office-holder).

5-9. vor sich or vor sich hin (a phrase), as to herself.

5-9. to herself or to herself (a phrase), as to herself.

5-10. als (southern dialect = alles or allzeit) for immer, always.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. als (southern dialect = alles or allzeit) for immer, always.

5-11. es geht fort, cf. Page 3, Note 4.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it's going on, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

5-12. ich muß fort. The infinitive of a verb of motion, as gehen or reisen, being implied, an idiom often met with after the modal auxiliaries müssen, können, sollen, wollen, dürfen, and sometimes after lassen.

5-12. I gotta go. The infinitive of a verb of motion, like to stroll or traveling, is implied, and this is an expression often encountered after the modal auxiliary verbs must, can, should, want, may, and sometimes after to rent.

Page 6.6-1. unsern gnädigen Herrn; the adj. expresses submission, trans. perhaps: our most honorable judge.

Page 6.6-1. our gracious Lord; the adj. expresses submission, trans. perhaps: our most honorable judge.

6-2. der himmelblaue Postillon. In the era of stage-coaches, the drivers of hackneys on the royal post-lines of Bavaria wore light blue uniforms.

6-2. the sky-blue driver. In the time of stagecoaches, the hackney drivers on the royal post routes of Bavaria wore light blue uniforms.

6-3. allerseits, to each and every one of the party, a stereotyped phrase used without discrimination whether there is only one passenger in the stage or more.

6-3. everyone, to each and every person in the group, a common phrase used without distinction regardless of whether there is just one passenger on the stage or more.

6-4. Stutt´gart, capital of Württemberg, one of the three states of Southern Germany.

6-4. Stuttgart, the capital of Württemberg, one of the three states in southern Germany.

6-5. wer ... dem (nominat. der), correlat. pron., to any one who ...

6-5. curious ... about that (nominat. the), correlating pronoun, to anyone who ...

6-6. denen (emphat.) = denjenigen, those.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. denen (emphat.) = denjenigen, those.

6-7. wenn (indef.), expressing repeated action (= so oft als), when, whenever.

6-7. when (indef.), expressing repeated action (= as frequently as), when, whenever.

6-8. aus den Augen cf. Page 4, Note 10.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. out of sight __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

6-9. dem Schulszepter, cf. Page 3, Note 7.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the school scepter, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

6-10. wären (condit. subj.) gereist for conditional würden ... gereist sein.

6-10. would be (conditional subj.) traveled for conditional would've traveled.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. when, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 7.7-1. es (indef.), trans. perhaps: an expression of happiness, or a gleam of joy.

Page 7.7-1. es (indef.), trans. maybe: a feeling of happiness, or a spark of joy.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. thought, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

7-3. einem (emphat.E-5), cf. Page 1, Note 8.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. one (emphat.__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__

7-4. das Salz´kammergut (lit. "Saltexchequer Property," from its rich salt-springs and mines), one of the most picturesque districts of Europe ("The Austrian Switzerland"), lies between the Austrian crown-lands of Salzburg on the West, and Styria on the East.

7-4. das Salzkammergut (meaning "Salt Treasury Property," named for its abundant salt springs and mines), one of the most beautiful areas in Europe ("The Austrian Switzerland"), is located between the Austrian regions of Salzburg to the West and Styria to the East.

7-5. die Tauern or die hohen Tauern, a lofty mountain-range in Tyrol and on the borders of Salzburg and Carinthia, forming the easternmost division of the Alps.

7-5. the Tauern mountains or the high Tauern, a high mountain range in Tyrol and on the borders of Salzburg and Carinthia, making up the easternmost part of the Alps.

7-6. Kärnthen, Carinthia, a crown-land of the Austrian empire; the capital is Klagenfurt.

7-6. Kärnthen, Carinthia, a crown land of the Austrian Empire; the capital is Klagenfurt.

7-7. wollten zurück, cf. Page 5, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wanted to go back, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

7-8. Werfen—Lend, two villages on the old post-road from Salzburg to Gastein, since 1875 stations on the Salzburg-Tyrol Railroad ("Gisela R. R.").

7-8. Throw—Lend, two villages on the old post-road from Salzburg to Gastein, have been stations on the Salzburg-Tyrol Railroad ("Gisela R. R.") since 1875.

7-9. so (emphat.) = dergestalt, in einer solchen Weise.

7-9. so (emphat.) = like this, like that.

7-10. das (emphat. = dies, dieses) refers back to the words „die Studenten waren ... bekannt geworden.“

7-10. this (emphatic = this, these) refers back to the words “The students had ... become famous.”

7-11. der eine (idiom.), one of them.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the one (idiom.), one of them.

7-12. wer ... wohl (adverb idiom.), I wonder who ...

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. who ... probably (adverb idiom.), I wonder who ...

7-13. ward, obsolescent for wurde.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. ward, outdated for wurde.

7-14. bei seiner Flatterhaftigkeit. Note the pun.

7-14. because of his unpredictability. Note the pun.

Page 8.8-1. (mir wird wohl =) es wird mir wohl or es wird mir wohl zu Mut, I (begin to) feel happy; cf. Page 4, Note 2.

Page 8.8-1. (I suppose =) I guess I'll be or I guess I’ll be brave, I (start to) feel happy; cf. Page 4, Note 2.

8-2. was (colloq. and in poetry) for etwas.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. was (slang and in poetry) for etwas.

8-3. fehlgetroffen, p.p. (lit., missed the mark), the perf. partic. used elliptically in exclamations, trans.: entirely mistaken! or quite out!

8-3. missed the mark, p.p. (lit., missed the mark), the past participle used in a shorthand way in exclamations, translates to: totally wrong! or completely off!

8-4. Ihr (as pers. pron. of address used in earlier language and in poetry) = modern Sie; Herr’n, pl. = Herren, meine Herren!

8-4. Your (as a personal pronoun of address used in earlier language and in poetry) = modern You; Lord, pl. = Lords, my Lords!

8-5. gefiel´ (= gefiele), condit. subj. for conditional würde ... gefallen.

8-5. liked (= would love), conditional subjunctive for conditional would ... love.

8-6. Ist nur ... beschert, cf. Page 2, Note 1.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Is only ... granted, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

8-7. den Studenten, cf. Page 3, Note 7.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the student, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

8-8. die frischen Studentenlieder. “The German students have a superb collection of songs in their ‘Commersbuch,’ some of which are known to Americans through Longfellow’s [and Chas. G. Leland’s] charming translations. Many of the songs are quite old; others bear the names of the most famous poets of Germany.”—James M. Hart in “German Universities.”

8-8. the upbeat student songs. “The German students have an amazing collection of songs in their ‘Commersbuch,’ some of which are familiar to Americans from Longfellow’s [and Chas. G. Leland’s] delightful translations. Many of the songs are quite old; others are by the most renowned poets of Germany.”—James M. Hart in “German Universities.”

Page 9.9-1. die Gastein, the valley of the Gasteiner "Ache" (Lat. AQUA), the latter being a tributary of the Salzach. In this valley, far-famed for its picturesque scenery, is situated "Wildbad Gastein," one of the most fashionable mountain-resorts. (Latin saying: "Gastuna—semper una" = „Es giebt nur ein—Gastein.“) From the village of Lend the entrance to the Gastein Valley is made through die Klamm (der Klammpaß), a profound and somber gorge in the limestone-rock, through which the river has forced a passage.

Page 9.9-1. die Gastein, the valley of the Gasteiner "Ache" (Lat. AQUA), which is a tributary of the Salzach. In this valley, famous for its stunning landscape, lies "Wildbad Gastein," one of the most popular mountain resorts. (Latin saying: "Gastuna—semper una" = "There is only one—Gastein.") From the village of Lend the entrance to the Gastein Valley is through die Klamm (der Klammpaß), a deep and dark gorge in the limestone rock, through which the river has carved a path.

9-2. Zell am See, a village officially known as Zell am Zellersee.

9-2. Zell am See, a village officially called Zell am See.

9-3. das Pinz´gau (commonly pronounced and sometimes spelled „Pintschgau“), a name given to a district in the crown-land of Salzburg comprising the longitudinal valley of the river Salzach together with its northern and southern lateral valleys.

9-3. the Pinzgau (usually pronounced and sometimes spelled "Pintschgau") is the name of a region in the crown land of Salzburg that includes the long valley of the Salzach River along with its northern and southern side valleys.

9-4. auf ... zu, up to, or zu may be taken as prefix of compound zu´schreiten.

9-4. to ... on, up to, or zu can be considered as a prefix for the compound approach.

9-5. sich entschuldigen über, a rather uncommon construction for sich entschuldigen wegen.

9-5. apologize for, a rather uncommon phrase for apologize for.

9-6. sich (reciproc. pronoun), each other or one another.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. sich (reciprocal pronoun), each other or one another.

9-7. sich (reciproc. pron.), here: from one another.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. oneself (reciproc. pron.), here: from one another.

9-8. sich (reciproc. pron.), here: to one another, mutually.

9-8. themselves (reciprocal pron.), here: to each other, mutually.

9-9. eins (unaccentuated, substantively) singen, familiarly for ein Lied singen; comp. eins (a glass) trinken; eins (a game of cards) spielen, jemandem eins (a blow) versetzen, etc.

9-9. one (unstressed, used as a noun) sing, informally means to sing a tune; compare one (a glass) to have a drink; one (a card game) to play, to give someone a hand (a hit) to send, etc.

9-10. der Paster´zengletscher, Pasterze-Glacier, in the Tauern Mountains, seven miles in length, the largest glacier in the Eastern Alps. The river Pasterze takes its rise there.

9-10. the Pasterze Glacier, Pasterze Glacier, in the Tauern Mountains, seven miles long, is the largest glacier in the Eastern Alps. The Pasterze River begins there.

9-11. das Fuscherthal, Valley of the (river) Fusch, in the Tauern Mountains.

9-11. the Fuscherthal, Valley of the (river) Fusch, in the Tauern Mountains.

9-12. in verwittertem Lodenkittel, in English with indef. article.

9-12. in a worn wool coat, in English with indef. article.

Page 10.10-1. sich (dat.) von der Stirn (idiom., dat. of pers. pron. for possess.) = von seiner Stirn.

Page 10.10-1. self (dat.) from the forehead (idiom., dat. of personal pronoun for possession) = from his forehead.

10-2. wollte, mood? why? cf. Page 5, Note 6.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wanted, mood? why? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

10-3. (hast ...) lassen (infinitive) for gelassen (perf. partic.) idiom., with the modal auxiliaries; du hast dich locken lassen (reflexive form in a passive sense as frequently), you could be induced to ...

10-3. (have ...) allow (infinitive) for allow (perfect participle) idiom., with the modal auxiliaries; you were prompted to (reflexive form in a passive sense as frequently), you could be induced to ...

10-4. du hättest (potential subj.) auch, you might just as well have ...

10-4. you could've (potential subj.) also, you might just as well have ...

10-5. war zu machen, the auxil. sein with zu and the infinitive is always used in a passive sense, could be done.

10-5. to go to war, the auxil. to exist with to and the infinitive is always used in a passive sense, could be done.

10-6. daß nit (dialect.) for daß Sie nicht.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. that not (dialect.) for that you not.

10-7. Ihr, you, sometimes used in addressing people of the rural districts, implies neither the familiarity of Du, nor the formality of Sie.

10-7. Your, you, sometimes used when talking to people from rural areas, suggests neither the casualness of Du nor the formality of Sie.

10-8. unsereins, was (indef. neuter for masc. and femin.) = unsereiner, der.

10-8. us, what’s up (indef. neuter for masc. and femin.) = ours, the.

10-9. (brächt’s =) brächte es, condit. subj. State the form of the conditional.

10-9. (delivered =) brought it, conditional subjunctive. the form of the conditional.

10-10. habe—mood? why? cf. Page 5, Note 3.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. have—mood? why? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

10-11. doch (adverb, idiom.), besides; after all; you know.

10-11. but (adverb, idiom), besides; after all; you know.

10-12. das Tauernhaus, "The Summit House" in the Tauern Mountains, a chalet where bread, milk, and a guide may be found, also a hay-bed for the night.

10-12. The Summit House, "The Summit House" in the Tauern Mountains, a cabin where you can find bread, milk, and a guide, along with a hay bed for the night.

Page 11.11-1. sie refers to Rast.

Page 11.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. she refers to Rast.

11-2. das Spitzen (verb-noun = English -ing). Infinitives used substantively take the article das.

11-2. the best (verb-noun = English -ing). Infinitives used as nouns take the article the.

11-3. gnädiger Herr! (comp. Page 6, Note 1), here perhaps: My lord! or Your Honor!

11-3. Dear Sir, (comp. Page 6, Note 1), here perhaps: My lord! or Your Honor!

11-4. doch (adverb, idiom.), here perhaps: I hope or I suppose.

11-4. but (adverb, idiom.), here perhaps: I hope or I guess.

11-5. is (dialect.) for ist es.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. is (dialect) for ist es.

11-6. vor sich hin, cf. Page 5, Note 9.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. to oneself, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

11-7. es wird sein, idiomatic use of the future tense to express probability or supposition, with the adverb, idioms doch or wohl added to bring out the sense more clearly—I hope that it is ... or is it probably ...?

11-7. it's going to be, idiomatic use of the future tense to express likelihood or assumption, with the adverb, idioms but or probably added to clarify the meaning more—I hope that it is ... or is it likely ...?

Page 12.12-1. hin (colloq.) for dahin or dorthin.

Page 12.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. to there (colloq.) for dahin or dorthin.

12-2. zwanzig Büchsenschuß—nouns of quantity, weight or measure, except feminines in -e, are used in the singular after a numeral—twenty gun-shots, i.e. twenty times the range of a musket-ball.

12-2. 20 gunshots—nouns of quantity, weight, or measure, except for feminine nouns ending in -e, are used in the singular after a number—twenty gunshots, meaning twenty times the distance a musket ball can travel.

12-3. es werden sein, it is, I think, cf. Page 11, Note 7.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.
it's gonna be, I think, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

12-4. (verarbeitet, pass.) von, by. Participles usually rendered by relative clause.

12-4. (processed, pass.) by, by. Participles are usually expressed with a relative clause.

12-5. an den Tischen. Great care must always be taken in rendering the preposition, „an“=on (mostly of time); at, near, near by, by the side of; to (motion). Here = ?

12-5. at the tables. Great care must always be taken in translating the preposition, „an“=on (mostly relating to time); at, near, nearby, by the side of; to (indicating motion). Here = ?

12-6. deren (partitive genit. of relat. pron.), cf. Page 1, Note 6.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. deren (partitive genitive of relative pronoun), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 13.13-1. wären. Account for the mood.

Page 13.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. would be. Consider the mood.

13-2. sich (dat. of interest) = für sich.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. oneself (dat. of interest) = for oneself.

13-3. das Kruzifix—found everywhere in Catholic countries.

13-3. the cross—found everywhere in Catholic countries.

13-4. einen roten Tyro´ler, a glass of the (red) claret of Tyrol.

13-4. a red Tyrolean hat, a glass of the red wine from Tyrol.

13-5. man hörte Stimmen.—man (indef. pers. pron.), one, they, people, or better by passive voice with Stimmen as subject.

13-5. heard voices.—one (indef. pers. pron.), someone, they, people, or better expressed in the passive voice with voices as the subject.

13-6. (sie sind’s)=sie sind es ("they are it"), idiom. = English?

13-6. (they're it)=they're it ("they are it"), idiom. =

13-7. was tausend! (or der tausend! or potz tausend!) According to "Grimm’s Wörterbuch," der tausend stands for der Tausendkünstige (the One with thousand tricks), a euphemistic designation of the devil, analog. to English; deuce! Trans., Good Gracious!

13-7. What a lot! (or the thousand! or wow, a thousand!) According to "Grimm’s Dictionary," the thousand refers to the One with a thousand tricks (the One with thousand tricks), a euphemistic term for the devil, similar to English; deuce! Trans., Good Gracious!

13-8. wir wären. The past subj. expresses an assumed (unreal) result—we came very near.

13-8. we'll be. The past subjunctive expresses a supposed (unreal) outcome—we nearly made it.

13-9. Ihnen (ethical dative), expressing a more remote relation to the person concerned in, or affected by an action or its result—somewhat related to the Engl. expletive „you know“ of the uneducated classes. Not translated.

13-9. You (ethical dative), showing a less direct connection to the person involved in, or impacted by an action or its outcome—somewhat similar to the English phrase "you know" used by less educated speakers. Not translated.

13-10. die letze Artigkeit (ironically), refers to the student’s mentioning dogs and ladies close together.

13-10. the final courtesy (ironically), refers to the student’s mentioning of dogs and ladies in close proximity.

13-11. Jamais (French = niemals), never.—Characteristic of the German students’ colloquial speech is the mixing of German with foreign words and phrases.

13-11. Jamais (French = never), never.—A key feature of the German students’ everyday conversation is the blend of German with foreign words and phrases.

13-12. als (dialect.), cf. Page 5, Note 10.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. as (dialect.), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

13-13. nach, after, following, in the direction of, according to, in this sense it always follows its case.

13-13. after, after, following, in the direction of, according to, in this sense it always follows its case.

Page 14.14-1. so rot auch, no matter how red ...

Page 14.14-1. so rotten too, no matter how red ...

14-2. genommen. Note the omission of the auxiliary; in what clauses only?

14-2. taken. Pay attention to the missing auxiliary; in which clauses is this the case?

14-3. die drei Elstern, those three regular magpies.—The magpie as a symbol of garrulity.

14-3. the three magpies, those three typical magpies.—The magpie as a symbol of chatteriness.

14-4. Onkel, a customary address in students’ language.

14-4. Uncle, a common way to address someone in student language.

14-5. sich (dat. of reciproc. pron.) = ? cf. Page 9, Note 8.

14-5. themselves (dat. of reciproc. pron.) = ? cf. Page 9, Note 8.

Page 15.15-1. das. Note agreement with grammatical gender of Pärchen.

Page 15.15-1. the. Note agreement with grammatical gender of couple.

15-2. nur einmal (adverb, idiom), transl. perhaps: just for a moment.

15-2. one time (adverb, idiom), transl. perhaps: just for a moment.

15-3. das ist immer das erste (was ich an einem fremden Platze thue, being implied).

15-3. that's always the first thing I do in a new place, being implied).

15-4. schaut’s (= schaut es) aus, indef. = things or matters look.

15-4. schaut’s (= check it out) from, indef. = things or matters look.

15-5. es thut ausschauen, familiar paraphrase for es schaut aus.

15-5. it seems like, a familiar paraphrase for it looks like.

15-6. zum andern (obsol. phrase.), for the second; in the second place; furthermore, besides.

15-6. on the other hand (old phrase.), for the second; in the second place; furthermore, besides.

15-7. mit dem Schlafen ist es alle (colloq. phrase) = ist es aus, there is no chance or no prospect for a good night’s sleep.

15-7. When it comes to sleeping, it's all (colloq. phrase) = it's done, there is no chance or no hope for a good night’s sleep.

15-8. San´cho Pan´sa, name of the squire and companion of Don Quixote in the Spanish poet’s Cervantes’s romance; trans. perhaps: ministering spirit or valet.

15-8. Sancho Panza, the name of the squire and companion of Don Quixote in the Spanish poet Cervantes’s novel; translates to: servant or helper.

15-9. fein (adverb), trans. somewhat like: with a fine or elegant pronunciation or accent.

15-9. fine (adverb), trans. somewhat like: with a fine or elegant pronunciation or accent.

15-10. es ist gut (colloq. phrase) = es ist abgemacht, es ist genug; it is done or settled.

15-10. it's great (colloquial phrase) = it's settled, it's enough; it is done or settled.

15-11. da hinten (there behind), in the room in the rear; in the backroom, in the servants’ hall.

15-11. back then (there behind), in the room in the back; in the backroom, in the servants’ area.

15-12. Euch (ethical dat.), cf. Page 13, Note 9.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. You (ethical dat.), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

15-13. biedre Leute, refers to a company consisting of guides, hunters, shepherds, etc.

15-13. biedre people, refers to a group made up of guides, hunters, shepherds, and so on.

Page 16.16-1. Kerls ... (foreign plural formation), colloq. for Kerle wie die ..., fellows as agile or lively as the ...

Page 16.16-1. Dudes ... (foreign plural formation), slang for Guys like the ..., guys as nimble or energetic as the ...

16-2. sich. Account for the case. cf. Page 9, Note 8.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. yourself. Think about the situation. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

16-3. kein Wort ist zu verstehen (cf. Page 10, Note 5). The student could not understand the mountaineers, since among themselves they use the dialect of the Alpine districts.

16-3. no word makes sense (cf. Page 10, Note 5). The student couldn't understand the mountaineers because they spoke the dialect of the Alpine regions among themselves.

16-4. (prasselt’s) = prasselt es (indef.) = das Feuer prasselt.

16-4. (crackling) = crackling is (indef.) = the fire's crackling.

16-5. hier unten, here on the floor of this room.

16-5. down here, here on the floor of this room.

16-6. "comment trouvez-vous cela?" (French) = „Was denken Sie davon?“

16-6. "What do you think of that?" (French) = "What do you think about it?"

16-7. alle hatten sich vereinigt (refl. for pass.), all had been placed together.

16-7. everyone had come together (refl. for pass.), all had been brought together.

16-8. am aufgeräumtesten, special form of the superlative, used predicatively, the merriest of all.

16-8. the most organized, special form of the superlative, used predicatively, the happiest of all.

16-9. es (introductory subject, the logical subject following after the verb), möchten doch die Studenten = die Studenten möchten doch ...

16-9. it (introductory subject, the logical subject that comes after the verb), The students would like to ...

Page 17.17-1. sich. Account for the idiom. cf. Page 16, Note 7.

Page 17.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. oneself. Consider the phrase. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

17-2. mein Herr, i.e. der Herr, dessen Führer ich bin, my employer.

17-2. my lord, i.e. the God I serve, my employer.

17-3. der giebt sonst keinen Laut von sich—said with reference to the Assessor’s attitude while crossing the glacier.

17-3. he's silent—said regarding the Assessor’s behavior while crossing the glacier.

17-4. sich fände (condit. subj.), for conditional.—Account for the refl. form.

17-4. would discover (conditional subjunctive), for conditional.—Explain the reflexive form.

17-5. es waren ... Lieder, cf. Page 16, Note 9.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it was ... songs, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

17-6. mir ist lieb (lieber, am liebsten), phrase: I like (I like better, I like best).

17-6. I like (I prefer, I like the most), phrase: I like (I prefer, I like the most).

17-7. soll leben! (Lat.: VIVAT! French: VIVE!) a toast: Here’s to ... or To the health of ... or ... forever!

17-7. should thrive! (Lat.: LIVE! French: LONG LIVE!) a toast: Here’s to ... or To the health of ... or ... forever!

17-8. der (emphat.), = dieser; der letztere; er.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the (emphatic), = this one; the latter; he.

17-9. nichts (indef. neuter), for masc. and femin., keiner, keine or niemand, no one; nobody.

17-9. nothing (indefinite neuter), for masculine and feminine, nobody or nobody, no one; nobody.

Page 18.1-18. An invocation for help to Saint Florian, the patron-saint of those in danger of fire, here humorously uttered on the approach of the red-haired valet of the Englishman.—St. Florian (190-230 A.D.) was a German soldier in the Roman army and for being a Christian was martyred by drowning in the river Enns (Austria) under Emperor Diocletian.

Page 18.1-18. A plea for help to Saint Florian, the patron saint of those at risk of fire, humorously expressed upon the arrival of the red-haired servant of the Englishman.—St. Florian (190-230 A.D.) was a German soldier in the Roman army and was martyred by drowning in the river Enns (Austria) for being a Christian under Emperor Diocletian.

18-2. zünd’t = zündet. The subject (er or der Mann or der Kerl hier) to be understood.

18-2. zünd’t = ignites. The subject (he or the guy or the dude here) needs to be understood.

18-3. Balan´ce, pronounce as in French.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Balance, pronounced as in French.

18-4. Correct the Englishman’s faulty German.

18-4. Fix the Englishman’s incorrect German.

18-5. behag´te (subj. impf.), for conditional behagen würde or sollte.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. pleased (subj. impf.), for conditional would please or should.

18-6. woher´ des Landes, woher der Männer? The German translation of the first half of the Greek hexameter: τίς πόθεν εἶς ἀνδρῶν; πόθι τοι πόλις ἠδὲ τοκῆες; so frequently occurring in Homer: „Who art thou? And of what race of men? And where thy home?“—(William Cullen Bryant.)

18-6. Where are you from, and which community do you belong to? The German translation of the first half of the Greek hexameter: Who are you, and where are you from? Where is your city or your homeland? so frequently found in Homer: „Who are you? What is your heritage? And where is your home?“—(William Cullen Bryant.)

18-7. sei—mood? why? State the question directly.

18-7. be—mood? why? Ask the question directly.

18-8. konnten nicht weiter. Account for the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

18-8. can't continue. Account for the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

Page 19.19-1. The second and third stanzas run thus:

Page 19.19-1. The second and third stanzas go like this:

2.

2.

Dort an dem Klippenhang,

At the cliffside,

Robin Adair!

Robin Adair!

Rief ich oft still und bang:

Rief ich oft still und bang:

„Robin Adair!

"Robin Adair!"

Fort von dem wilden Meer!

Fort from the wild sea!

Falsch ist es, liebeleer.

Wrong is it, loveless.

Macht nur das Herze schwer.

Makes only the heart heavy.

Robin Adair!“

Robin Adair!

3.

3.

Mancher wohl warb um mich,

Someone probably courted me,

Robin Adair!

Robin Adair!

Treu aber liebt’ ich dich,

True, but I love you.

Robin Adair!

Robin Adair!

Mögen sie and’re frei’n,

Mögen sie andere frei lassen,

Ich will nur dir allein

I only want you.

Leben und Liebe weih’n,

Life and love shine,

Robin Adair!

Robin Adair!

There are several English versions written for the old Irish air "Eileen Aroon," all having "Robin Adair" as the refrain. The German version by some unknown poet of the first quarter of the present century, possesses all the charming simplicity and dramatic directness of the „Volkslied“ of earlier times. Though adapted to the same air and with the same refrain, its contents are altogether original.—Of the different English versions, the following comes nearest the German wording, and may therefore be used in translating:

There are several English versions of the old Irish tune "Eileen Aroon," all featuring "Robin Adair" as the refrain. The German version by an unknown poet from the early 20th century captures all the delightful simplicity and straightforwardness of the earlier Folk song. While it’s set to the same melody and uses the same refrain, its content is completely original.—Of the various English versions, the following is closest to the German wording and can therefore be used in translation:

Come to my heart again,
Robin Adair!
Never to part again,
Robin Adair!
And if you still are true,
I will be constant, too,
And will wed none but you,
Robin Adair!

Come back to my heart,
Robin Adair!
Never to leave again,
Robin Adair!
And if you’re still sincere,
I’ll be loyal, too,
And will marry only you,
Robin Adair!

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. but. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

19-3. „Ännchen von Tharau,“ a popular song by Simon Dach, a native of East Prussia (1605-1659), made known to English readers through Longfellow’s translation: „Annie of Tharaw.“

19-3. “Ännchen von Tharau,” a well-known song by Simon Dach, who was from East Prussia (1605-1659), became familiar to English readers through Longfellow’s translation: “Annie of Tharau.”

19-4. schlahn and (in the following verse) stahn (Sambian, i.e. East Prussian dialect) for schlagen and stehen.

19-4. schlahn and (in the following verse) stahn (Sambian, meaning East Prussian dialect) for hit and stand.

Page 20.20-1. Verkno´tigung.—Longfellow renders the fifth strophe:

Page 20.20-1. Verification.—Longfellow presents the fifth stanza:

Oppression and sickness and sorrow and pain,
Shall be to our true love as links to the chain.

Oppression, illness, sadness, and pain,
Shall be to our true love like links to the chain.

20-2. die Hitsche, "foot-stool," (students’ slang) for das Katheder, professor’s chair or desk.

20-2. the heat, "footstool," (student slang) for the podium, professor's chair or desk.

20-3. er, refers to Ausdruck.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. er, refers to expression.

20-4. das Volkslied (sing., collectively), for pl., „Volkslieder“.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. folk song (sing., collectively), for pl., „folk songs“.

20-5. hier, i.e. in the Alpine districts of Bavaria, Austria, and Tyrol whose people, old and young, for ages have been noted for their remarkable skill of giving vent, extempore, to their feelings in the form of „Schna´derhüpfel“ (lit., reapers [= country-people’s] dancing-songs) or "Tyrolese ditties." They have all the same rhythm, are sung to the accompaniment of the cithern, the favorite musical instrument of the mountaineers, and recite in verse, more or less rude, the interests of mountain-life, such as the adventures of lovers, and the mysteries of fairyland, etc.

20-5. here, meaning in the Alpine regions of Bavaria, Austria, and Tyrol, where people of all ages have long been known for their amazing ability to express their emotions spontaneously through the form of „Schna'derhüpfel“ (literally, reapers’ dancing songs) or "Tyrolese ditties." They all share the same rhythm, are sung with the cithern, the favorite musical instrument of the mountain folks, and portray in verse, sometimes quite simple, the themes of mountain life, including the adventures of lovers and the mysteries of fairy tales, etc.

20-6. singt’s! (Alpine dialect) = singt!einmal (indef., persuasivly), just sing! won’t you?

20-6. sing it! (Alpine dialect) = sing!once (indef., persuasively), just sing! won’t you?

20-7. einen Steirer, a Styrian country-dance—a musical recitative accompanied by the cithern and set to a tune sufficiently rhythmical to act as one of the original purposes of a ballad, namely a dance tune.

20-7. a Styrian, a Styrian country dance—a musical recitative backed by the cithern and set to a catchy tune that serves one of the original functions of a ballad, which is to be a dance tune.

20-8. zahlt, here = muß zahlen or hat zu zahlen.

20-8. pays, here = has to pay up or must pay.

20-9. einen Zwanziger Münz, a 20-kreutzer-piece (also called ein Kopfstück), equal to 10 American cents, trans. a dime.

20-9. a twenty-dollar coin, a 20-kreutzer coin (also known as a headpiece), equivalent to 10 American cents, translated as a dime.

20-10. Dialect. = „das würde schon ganz recht (or gut) sein.“

20-10. Dialect. = "that would be perfect" (or good) to be.

20-11. wie es Euch ums Herz (or zu Mut) ist, cf. Page 4, Note 2.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. how you feel (or like feelings) is, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 21.21-1. einen Herzog-Maxländler, a country-dance tune, named after the popular Duke Max Joseph of Bavaria, the father of the lamented Empress Elisabeth of Austria, whose recent assassination (September 10, 1898) in Geneva (Switzerland) startled the whole world.

Page 21.21-1. A Herzog-Maxländler, a country dance tune, named after the well-known Duke Max Joseph of Bavaria, the father of the sadly missed Empress Elisabeth of Austria, whose recent assassination (September 10, 1898) in Geneva (Switzerland) shocked the entire world.

21-2. in optima forma (Lat. phrase), in the best possible manner or masterly.

21-2.in optima forma (Latin phrase), in the best possible manner or masterfully.

21-3. mit dem Gemsbarte (am Hut), cf. Page 5, Note 1.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. with the Gemsbeard (on the hat), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

21-4. mit den Armen, omit the preposition in English.

21-4. with the arms, omit the preposition in English.

21-5. man, best to be rendered by changing to passive with the relat. pron. as subject.

21-5. guy, it's best to express this by rephrasing to passive voice with the relative pronoun as the subject.

21-6. es (indef.), here = eine Stimme or der Gesang.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (indef.), here = a voice or the song.

21-7. Dialect. =

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Dialect.

Und zwei Blätter und zwei Blumen
Und eine Rebe um einen Stamm,
Und was einander
(dat.) bestimmt ist,
Das find’t sich auch zusamm’.

And two leaves and two flowers
And a vine wrapped around a trunk,
And what is meant to be together
(dat.) will find its way together.

21-8. was—das (neuter, correlative), idiom, for masc. and fem. pl. = die, welche, those who.

21-8. was—what (neuter, correlative), idiom, for masculine and feminine plural = the ones that, those who.

21-9. a (dialect.) = (1) ein, eine, ein, and (2) auch; here = ?

21-9. a (dialect.) = (1) one, a, an, and (2) also; here = ?

21-10. schallte es (cf. Note 6, above), another voice was heard.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. sounded it (__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__), another voice was heard.

21-11. Dialect. =

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Dialect.

Behüt dich Gott, mein kleines (liebes) Mädchen,
Es muß ja so sein,
Mein Leben gehört dem Kaiser,
Mein Herz gehört dein!

Behüt dich Gott, mein kleines (liebes) Mädchen,
Es muß ja so sein,
Mein Leben gehört dem Kaiser,
Mein Herz gehört dir!

Und mein Herz, das laß ich
Daheim in deinem Haus,
Sonst träf’s vielleicht eine Kugel,
Und die Lieb’ ränn’ (flösse) all heraus!

Und mein Herz, das lass ich
Daheim in deinem Haus,
Sonst könnte es vielleicht einen Schuss treffen,
Und die Liebe würde ganz herausfließen!

21-12. es (introductory or grammatical subject), cf. Page 16, Note 9.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it (introductory or grammatical subject), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 22.22-1. Dialect. =

Page 22.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Dialect. =

Seid gescheit! Seid gescheit!
Nicht in alles gleich hinein!
Es sitzt oft ein Fuchs
In einer Pelzkappe drein (drin)!

Seid clever! Seid clever!
Nicht gleich überall hinein!
Oft sitzt ein Fuchs
In einem Pelzmütze drin!

The meaning is: Do not hurry in matters of love, for appearances are often deceitful, and what at first glance looks like a smooth and comfortable fur-cap (or fur-coat) may after all prove the hiding-place of a cunning fox; a simile taken from the old mountaineer’s sphere of observation (cp. the biblical phrase "a ravening wolf in sheep’s clothing").

The meaning is: Don't rush in matters of love, because appearances can be misleading. What seems like a cozy fur hat (or fur coat) at first might actually be hiding a sly fox; this analogy comes from the old mountaineer's experience (see the biblical phrase "a ravening wolf in sheep’s clothing").

22-2. ja (adverb. idiom), why, you know! or you must know.

22-2. yes (adverb. idiom), you know why! or you must know.

22-3. für’s Geld, in English without article.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. for’s money, in English without article.

22-4. wohl (adverb. idiom), sure enough; it is true.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wohl (adverb. idiom), for sure; it's true.

22-5. guter Dinge sein (a phrase with adverbial genit. of manner or quality), to be of good cheer or in high spirits ("in high feather").

22-5. auf der positiven Seite sein (a phrase with adverbial genitive of manner or quality), to be cheerful or in good spirits ("in high feather").

22-6. nahm sich auf die Seite, trans., called to his side.

22-6. stood by him, trans., called to his side.

22-7. es (indef.), here for (the contents of) pans and pots.

22-7. it (indef.), referring to (the contents of) pans and pots.

22-8. dafür, daß er nicht singen könne (lit., for this that he could not sing), for his being unable to sing.

22-8. for not being able to sing (lit., for this that he could not sing), for his inability to sing.

22-9. spielte (obj. die Zither being implied).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. played (obj. the zither being implied).

22-10. es geht was (= etwas) drauf (colloq. phrase), considerable money is spent, or business is booming.

22-10. It's happening. (= something) about it (informal phrase), a lot of money is spent, or business is thriving.

22-11. was thut’s? (colloq. phrase), what does it matter?

22-11. What's going on? (colloq. phrase), what does it matter?

Page 23.23-1. machen (in colloquial language used as substitute for almost any verb, = Eng. to get); sich machen unter ... = sich mischen or sich begeben unter ...

Page 23.23-1. make (in informal language used as a substitute for almost any verb, = Eng. to get); sich machen unter ... = mix in or become involved in ...

23-2. sich (dat. of interest) = für sich, for himself (exclusively).

23-2. himself (dative of interest) = for himself, for himself (exclusively).

23-3. es (indef.), here perhaps "curiosity."

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (indef.), here perhaps "curiosity."

23-4. wie wäre es? (condit. subj.), for condit. würde es sein? (how would it be?), how would it do? or what do you think of ...?

23-4. What do you think? (conditional subjunctive), for conditional would it be? (how would it be?), how would it work out? or what do you think of ...?

23-5. erzählte (subj. impf.) = erzählen würde.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. told (subj. past) = would tell.

23-6. es wird nicht viel werden mit dem Schlaf heute Nacht (colloq. phrase), sleep is hardly to amount to anything to-night.

23-6. Not much sleep is going to happen tonight. (colloq. phrase), sleep is hardly going to amount to anything tonight.

23-7. trotz Ihres hohen Bettes—to spare room, in the Alpine huts the beds are found high up on the wall, near the ceiling of the room, resting on pegs driven into the wall.

23-7. despite your lofted bed—to save space, in the Alpine huts the beds are placed high up on the wall, near the ceiling, supported by pegs inserted into the wall.

23-8. mein Fräulein—directed to Elsa.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. my Miss—directed to Elsa.

23-9. das wäre schön, cf. Note 4, above.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. that would be nice, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

23-10. Fräuleins (pl. for Fräulein), comp. Kerls for Kerle, Page 16, Note 1.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Girls (pl. for Girl), comp. Guys for Guy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

Page 24.24-1. wes (obsol. genit. for welches) Zeichens und Standes (colloq. phrase with adverbial genitive) lit., "what the inscription of my sign-board is and my [social] standing," trans., what my occupation is and my standing in life.

Page 24.24-1. wes (obsolete genitive for which) Signs and Status (colloquial phrase with adverbial genitive) literally means, "what the inscription on my sign is and my [social] status," translated as what my job is and my status in life.

24-2. wo ... her (separated) for the more common form woher´.

24-2. where ... from (separated) for the more common form where.

24-3. nie´derrheinisch, from the Lower Rhine, i.e. from the northwestern part of Germany.

24-3. Lower Rhine, from the Lower Rhine, meaning from the northwestern part of Germany.

24-4. ehrlicher Leute Kind (sing., collectively), a phrase for ehrlicher Leute Kinder. Cf. Page 20, Note 4.

24-4. honest people's kid (sing., collectively), a term for honest people's kids. Cf. Page 20, Note 4.

24-5. es (indef.), perhaps: things or affairs.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (indef.), perhaps: things or matters.

24-6. es (indef.), here perhaps: my fate or a change in my life.

24-6. it (indef.), here perhaps: my fate or a change in my life.

24-7. es wurde ... gestrickt, some little knitting was done.

24-7. it was ... knitted, some little knitting was done.

24-8. wanderten (wandered). Account for the idiom. Cf. Page 4, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wandered (wandered). Account for the idiom. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

24-9. es (introductory or grammatical subject); what is the logical subject?

24-9. it (introductory or grammatical subject); what is the logical subject?

24-10. doch (adverb. idiom), adds force to the request.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. but (adverb. idiom), reinforces the request.

24-11. geben Sie mir die Körbchen!—The point lies in the double meaning of the phrase Einem einen Korb geben = (1) literally: to give one a basket, and (2) figuratively: to refuse a suitor; to give "the sack" or "the mitten."

24-11. Give me the bags!—The point lies in the double meaning of the phrase To give someone a gift = (1) literally: to give someone a basket, and (2) figuratively: to reject a suitor; to give "the sack" or "the mitten."

Page 25.25-1. es (indef.), here the thought.

Page 25.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. is (indef.), here the thought.

25-2. komm. Note the sudden change of address from the formal second pers. pl. to the affectionate second pers. singular.

25-2. come. Notice the abrupt shift from the formal "you" (plural) to the intimate "you" (singular).

25-3. die (emphat.) = diese, sie—how known that it is not relative pronoun?

25-3. the (emphatic) = this, she—isn't it clear that it's not a relative pronoun?

25-4. um so hübscheres, all the prettier.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. so much prettier, all the prettier.

25-5. ein Kuß brannte (burnt), was fired.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. a kiss burned (burned), was fired.

25-6. ob (obsol. prepos.) = über or wegen.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. ob (obsolete preposition) = über or wegen.

25-7. es (introductory), there.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it's (introductory), there.

25-8. es hat nicht seine Richtigkeit mit der ..., there is (or must be) some misconception as to her being a ...

25-8. it's not quite right with the ..., there is (or must be) some misunderstanding about her being a ...

25-9. Knigge’s „Umgang mit Menschen,“ Baron Knigge’s (1751-1796) once famous standard book „Instruction in Deportment.“

25-9. Knigge’s “How to Interact with People,” Baron Knigge’s (1751-1796) once well-known guide “Guidelines for Behavior.”

25-10. Pen(pronounce as in French)sions´mutter.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Pen (pronounced like the French) sions´mutter.

Page 26.26-1. sich (dat. = mit sich), with himself; in his mind.

Page 26.26-1. himself (dat. = with himself), with himself; in his thoughts.

26-2. das, refers to the kissing and embracing.

26-2. the, refers to the kissing and hugging.

26-3. kurze Verlobungszeit, while as a rule, in Germany, years elapse between betrothal and marriage of a young couple.

26-3. brief engagement period, while as a rule, in Germany, years pass between getting engaged and getting married for a young couple.

26-4. bei mir (zu Hause being understood).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. at my place (home being understood).

26-5. wohin´ (wir reisen sollten being understood).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. where (we should travel being understood).

26-6. kamen gefahren. Note the idiomatic use of the perf. partic. instead of the pres. partic. after kommencame riding or driving.

26-6. kamen dangers. Note the idiomatic use of the past participle instead of the present participle after comecame riding or driving.

26-7. wo ... hin´fährt (separated), for the more common form wohin ... fährt. Cf. Page 24, Note 2.

26-7. where ... to drives (separated), for the more common form where to ... goes. Cf. Page 24, Note 2.

26-8. Kassel, capital of the Prussian province of Hesse-Kassel.

26-8. Kassel, the capital of the Prussian province of Hesse-Kassel.

26-9. hast du (cf. Page 2, Note 1) = wenn (time) du hast.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. do you have (__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__) = when (time) you have.

26-10. Frankfurt a. M., Frankfurt-on-the-Main (river), a far-famed city of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau.—From 1562 to 1792 the German emperors were crowned in the Frankfurt Cathedral. The town was also the residence of the German kings under the Franconian Dynasty, 768-911, after whom the town has been named.

26-10. Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt-on-the-Main (river), a well-known city in the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau.—From 1562 to 1792, the German emperors were crowned in the Frankfurt Cathedral. The town was also home to the German kings during the Franconian Dynasty, from 768 to 911, after whom the town is named.

26-11. sagt—colloq. omission of an adverb as darauf or da.

26-11. says—informal omission of an adverb like then or there.

26-12. da´hin laß mich mit dir, o mein Geliebter, ziehen! there, O, my true lov’d one, thou with me must go! (Thomas Carlyle).—These words of Mignon forming the refrain of each of the three strophes of Goethe’s ballad „Mignon“ (see page 28) are here skillfully and affectionately attributed to the young wife of the narrator.

26-12. Let me go with you, my love! there, O, my true love, you must come with me! (Thomas Carlyle).—These words of Mignon make up the refrain of each of the three stanzas of Goethe’s ballad „Mignon“ (see page 28) and are here skillfully and affectionately attributed to the young wife of the narrator.

26-13. uns (dat. of interest), humorously, trans. somewhat like to our edification.

26-13. us (dat. of interest), humorously, translated somewhat like to teach us.

26-14. wir gehen—present tense instead of the future, to express an immediate or certain future as if actually present, or it may be taken in the sense of an imperative.

26-14. we're going—present tense instead of the future, to express an immediate or certain future as if actually present, or it may be understood as a command.

26-15. Heidelberg, town in the grand-duchy of Baden, charmingly situated on the Neckar (river), with a famous university founded in 1386, the oldest in the present German Empire.

26-15. Heidelberg, a town in the grand duchy of Baden, beautifully located on the Neckar River, is home to a renowned university established in 1386, making it the oldest in what is now the German Empire.

26-16. Heidelberg, das Wetterloch! (bad weather-quarters). In a similar manner, Joseph Victor Scheffel, the life-long admirer and bard of Heidelberg, complains of the wet character of the old university-town on the Neckar, in the closing line of the Preface to his "Gaudeamus," a collection of merry college-songs, where he says: Der genius loci Heidelbergs ist feucht,“—now a familiar quotation.

26-16. Heidelberg, the weather bubble! (bad weather spots). Similarly, Joseph Victor Scheffel, a lifelong admirer and poet of Heidelberg, notes the rainy nature of the old university town on the Neckar in the last line of the Preface to his "Gaudeamus," a collection of cheerful college songs, where he says: "The spirit of the place of Heidelberg is damp,"—now a well-known quote.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. sits. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

26-18. im „Ritter,“ i.e. im Hotel „zum Ritter,“ an inn in the Market-Square of Heidelberg, erected in 1592, almost the only house in town which escaped destruction by the French in 1693.

26-18. in the "Knight" game, i.e. at the "Zum Ritter" hotel, an inn in the Market Square of Heidelberg, built in 1592, and one of the few buildings in town that survived the destruction caused by the French in 1693.

Page 27.27-1. Freiburg im Breisgau, also called Freiburg in Baden (abbrev. Freiburg i. B., for either designation), a town with university, in the southern part of the grand-duchy of Baden, beautifully situated on the western edge of the Black Forest.—About Breisgau see the Vocabulary.

Page 27.27-1. Freiburg, Germany, also known as Freiburg, Baden (abbrev. Freiburg im. Breisgau, for either name), is a university town located in the southern part of the grand-duchy of Baden, beautifully situated on the western edge of the Black Forest.—About Breisgau see the Vocabulary.

27-2. u. s. w. (abbrev. for und so weiter), and so on.

27-2. u.s.w. (short for and so on), and so on.

27-3. der Blauen ("Blue Mountain"), name of one of the highest peaks in the Black Forest; in translation retain the German form of the name.

27-3. the Blues ("Blue Mountain"), the name of one of the tallest mountains in the Black Forest; in translation, keep the German version of the name.

27-4. was, colloq. for etwas.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. was, slang for etwas.

27-5. guck, colloq. for sieh!

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. look, slang for see!

27-6. mal, colloq. for einmal (indef., adverb. idiom), cf. Page 20, Note 6.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. mal, slang for once (indefinite, adverbial idiom), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

27-7. siehste, colloq. contraction of siehst du, "you see"; you know; you must know.

27-7. see, slang contraction of do you see, "you see"; you know; you should know.

27-8. das sind die Alpen (idiom), these are the Alps.—The neut. sing. of the demonstrat. pron. (das), when immediately preceding or following the auxil. sein, is used without regard to the gender and number of the logical subject (here die Alpen).

27-8. this is the Alps (idiom), these are the Alps.—The neuter singular form of the demonstrative pronoun (this), when immediately before or after the auxiliary to be, is used regardless of the gender and number of the logical subject (here the Alps).

27-9. der Sankt Gott´hard, St. Gothard, a mountain-group of the Lepontine Alps of Switzerland.

27-9. Saint Gotthard, St. Gothard, a mountain range in the Lepontine Alps of Switzerland.

27-10. wollten (idiom., infinit. gehen or reisen being understood), cf. Page 5, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wanted (idiom., infinit. to go or to travel being understood), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

27-11. Remember that the longing of the Germans for Italy is proverbial.

27-11. Keep in mind that the Germans' love for Italy is well-known.

27-12. Land for das Land. Note the force of the ellipsis.

27-12. Ground for the country. Note the power of the ellipsis.

27-13. wo die Citro´nen blühen, likewise a quotation from Goethe’s ballad „Mignon,“ the text of which is found on Page 28.

27-13. where the lemons grow, also a quote from Goethe’s ballad „Mignon,“ the text of which is on Page 28.

27-14. zu tragen = welcher in der Hand zu tragen war, cf. Page 10, Note 5.

27-14. to transport = which was to be held in the hand, cf. Page 10, Note 5.

27-15. es. Account for the idiom. Cf. Page 24, Note 9.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it. Think about the saying. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

27-16. Mai´land, the German name for Milan in the Lombard plain.

27-16. Mainland, the German name for Milan in the Lombard region.

27-17. Ge´nua, the German name for Genoa in Northern Italy, a seaport charmingly situated on the Gulf of Genoa in the Mediterranean Sea.

27-17. Geneva, the German name for Genoa in Northern Italy, a seaport beautifully located on the Gulf of Genoa in the Mediterranean Sea.

27-18. wat (dialect of the Lower Rhine), for High German „was.“

27-18. what (Lower Rhine dialect), for High German was.”

27-19. avan´ti!E-6 (Ital.), forward!

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Go for it! __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ (Ital.), forward!

27-20. der Vesuv´, Mount Vesuvius, the most noted volcano in the world, situated on the Bay of Naples, nine miles southeast of Naples (Italy).

27-20. the Vesuvius, Mount Vesuvius, the most famous volcano in the world, located on the Bay of Naples, nine miles southeast of Naples (Italy).

27-21. ging’s = ging es (indef.), cf. Page 3, Note 4.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. ging’s = ging es (indef.), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

27-22. Vene´dig, the German name for Venice; „über Venedig,“ by way of Venice; via Venice.

27-22. Venice, the German name for Venice; "about Venice," through Venice; via Venice.

27-23. fest´geschneestöbert (perf. partic.), a bold verb-formation consisting of „fest“ (fast; up) and „das Schneegestöber“ (snow-storm) = eingeschneit, snowed up; snow-bound.

27-23. fest snowstorm (perf. partic.), a bold verb formation made up of "party" (firm; up) and "the snowstorm" (snowstorm) = snowed in, snowed in; snow-bound.

27-24. State three mistakes in the Englishman’s German.

27-24. Identify three errors in the Englishman’s German.

Page 28.28-1. al´so die (emphat.), so, they, or they, then.—Remember that also is never = English "also."

Page 28.28-1. also die (emphat.), so, they, or they, then.—Keep in mind that also does not mean the same as the English word "also."

28-2. gewesen. Explain the idiom and supply the proper form of the auxiliary.

28-2. was. Explain the expression and provide the correct form of the helper verb.

28-3. In English with definite article.

28-3. In English with the definite article.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. bad, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

28-5. Einem im Garten wachsen (colloq. phrase), to fall to one’s share; wenn doch ... wüchse.—The past subj. expresses a wish the realization of which is not expected by the speaker.

28-5. Gardening (colloq. phrase), to be one's lot; if only... it would thrive.—The past subjunctive expresses a wish that the speaker does not expect to come true.

28-6. Hora´tius, Horace.—Quintus "Horatius" Flaccus (65-8 B.C.), a famous Roman lyric and satirical poet. Virgil´, Vergil.—Publius "Vergilius" Maro (70-19 B.C.), a famous Roman epic, didactic, and idyllic poet.—Both Horace and Vergil extol in their works Italian life and scenery.

28-6. Horace, Horace.—Quintus "Horatius" Flaccus (65-8 B.C.), a well-known Roman lyric and satirical poet. Virgil, Vergil.—Publius "Vergilius" Maro (70-19 B.C.), a renowned Roman epic, didactic, and pastoral poet.—Both Horace and Vergil celebrate Italian life and landscapes in their works.

28-7. das Loch, colloq. for Stube or Studierzimmer; comp. Goethe’s "Faust," verse 399: „Verfluchtes dumpfes Mauerloch ...“

28-7. the hole, slang for living room or study; compare Goethe’s "Faust," verse 399: "Cursed boring wallhole ..."

28-8. sein Leben (adverbial accusative expressing duration of time) = sein Leben lang or sein ganzes Leben lang.

28-8. his life (adverbial accusative expressing duration of time) = his entire life or his whole life.

28-9. davon´, of it, i.e. of Italian life and scenery.

28-9. davon', of it, i.e. of Italian life and scenery.

28-10. "Bea´tus ille!" "Happy he!" or "Fortunate that man!" the much quoted beginning of the second epode of Horace:

28-10. "Bea´tus ille!" "Happy he!" or "Lucky is that man!" the frequently quoted opening of the second epode of Horace:

Beatus ille qui procul negotiis,
Ut prisca gens mortalium,
Paterna rura bobus exercet suis ...

Beatus ille qui procul negotiis,
Ut prisca gens mortalium,
Paterna rura bobus exercet suis ...

28-11. The first stanza of Goethe’s ballad "Mignon" from the third book of the novel „Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre,“ in which Mignon, a young Italian girl who has been abducted from home and taken to Germany, gives vent to her longing for Italian skies:

28-11. The first stanza of Goethe’s ballad "Mignon" from the third book of the novel "Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship," in which Mignon, a young Italian girl who has been kidnapped from her home and brought to Germany, expresses her longing for the skies of Italy:

Know’st thou the land where citron-apples bloom,
And oranges like gold in leafy gloom,
A gentle wind from deep-blue heaven blows,
The myrtle thick, and high the laurel grows?
Know’st thou it then?
      ’Tis there! ’tis there,
O, my true lov’d one, thou with me must go!

Do you know the land where citron trees bloom,
And oranges shine like gold in the leafy shade,
A gentle breeze blows from the deep blue sky,
With thick myrtles and high laurel trees?
Do you know it then?
It’s there! It’s there,
Oh, my true love, you must come with me!

(Thomas Carlyle).

(Thomas Carlyle).

28-12. wohl (adv. idiom, not easy to render), perhaps or say! or then (explet.).

28-12. broadly (adv. idiom, not easy to translate), maybe or you say! or so (explet.).

28-13. alles (idiomatic use of neut. sing. for masc. and fem. pl.) = alle.

28-13. everything (idiomatic use of neuter singular for masculine and feminine plural) = all.

Page 29.29-1. vor (of time), ago.

Page 29.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. before (of time), ago.

29-2. da´mit (emphat. = hiermit), i.e. mit diesen Worten.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. da´mit (emphat. = herewith), i.e. with these words.

29-3. die Ces´tiuspyramide, the Pyramid of Cestius in Rome, a huge monument, once the last resting-place of Caius Cestius, a Roman prætor and tribune of the time of Emperor Augustus. Close to this pyramid is the Protestant Cemetery, where tall cypresses rise above the graves of numerous English, American, German, and other visitors. Prominent among those resting there are: Shelley, the English poet (died 1822), whose heart only was buried there; the tombstone of the English poet Keats (died 1821) bears the melancholy inscription: "Here lies one whose name was writ in water." There is also the grave of August Goethe (died 1830), the only son of the poet.

29-3. Pyramid of Cestius, the Pyramid of Cestius in Rome, a massive monument, once the final resting place of Caius Cestius, a Roman praetor and tribune during the time of Emperor Augustus. Nearby is the Protestant Cemetery, where tall cypress trees stand above the graves of many English, American, German, and other visitors. Notable among those buried there are: Shelley, the English poet (died 1822), whose heart was the only part buried there; the headstone of the English poet Keats (died 1821) features the sorrowful inscription: "Here lies one whose name was writ in water." There is also the grave of August Goethe (died 1830), the only son of the poet.

29-4. es (indef., "something"), a thought.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it (indef., "something"), a thought.

29-5. es (indef.) kämpfte in ihm, trans. perhaps: there was a struggling of feelings in his heart.

29-5. es (indef.) fought within him, trans. perhaps: there was a battle of emotions in his heart.

29-6. The form im Jahre 18.. may be read: „achtzehn hundert und so und so.“

29-6. The form in the year 1800s may be read: "1800s and beyond."

29-7. doch (adverb. idiom), here: I hope or let me hope.

29-7. but (adverb. idiom), here: I hope or let me hope.

Page 30.30-1. uns, reciproc. pron. = ?

Page 30.30-1. us, reciprocal pronoun = ?

30-2. The beginning of one of the most exquisite and popular treasures of German lyric poetry, by the Austrian poet Ernst von Feuchtersleben (1806-1849) with music by Mendelssohn-Bartholdi. The second and third stanzas run thus:

30-2. The start of one of the most beautiful and well-loved gems of German lyric poetry, by the Austrian poet Ernst von Feuchtersleben (1806-1849) with music by Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. The second and third stanzas go like this:

2.

2.

So dir geschenkt ein Knösplein was,

So you were given a small knob, what,

So thu es in ein Wasserglas;

So you are in a glass of water;

Doch wisse:

But know this:

Blüht morgen dir ein Röslein auf,

Blüht dir morgen ein Röslein auf,

Es welkt wohl schon die Nacht darauf,

Es welkt wohl schon die Nacht darauf,

Das wisse!

Know this!

3.

3.

Und hat dir Gott ein Lieb’ beschert,

Und hat dir Gott eine Liebe geschenkt,

Und hältst du sie recht innig wert,

Und hältst du sie wirklich hoch in Ehren,

Die Deine;

Your turn;

Es wird wohl wenig Zeit nur sein,

Es wird wohl wenig Zeit nur sein,

So läßt sie dich so ganz allein;

So she leaves you all alone;

Dann weine!

Then cry!

Page 31.31-1. der Himmel hängt ihm voll Baßgeigen (a colloq. phrase), everything looks promising to him; he sees things ’en couleur de rose.’

Page 31.31-1. The sky is filled with bass violins. (a colloq. phrase), everything looks promising to him; he sees things through rose-colored glasses.

31-2. des Morgensdes Abends—and in the next line eines Tages—are genitives expressing indefinite time when.

31-2. in the morningin the evening—and in the next line one day—are genitives expressing indefinite time when.

31-3. da´für (emphat.), in return for this (or that).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. da´für (emphat.), in exchange for this (or that).

31-4. sollte, here: was to.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. should, here: what to.

31-5. im Leben for in meinem Leben. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page 4, Note 10.

31-5. in life for in my life. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page 4, Note 10.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. yes—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. well—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 32.32-1. es refers forward to the contents of the following sentence—remains untranslated.

Page 32.32-1. es refers forward to the contents of the following sentence—remains untranslated.

32-2. wäre—mood? why? Cf. Page 28, Note 5.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. would—mood? why? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

32-3. sich (idiom.), reflexive form taking the place of passive, as frequently.

32-3. yourself (idiom.), reflexive form used instead of passive, as often.

32-4. fort—the perf. partic. of a verb of motion being implied.

32-4. fortress—the perfect participle of a verb indicating movement.

32-5. es (introductory) = ?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. es (introductory) = ?

32-6. sie durfte ins Freie. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

32-6. she could go outside. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

Page 33.33-1. jeden Abend—accusative expressing definite time when; about indef. time see Page 31, Note 2.

Page 33.33-1. every evening—accusative indicating a specific time when; regarding indefinite time see Page 31, Note 2.

33-2. brennend for brennendes—the neuter adjective ending -es sometimes omitted in prose and frequently in poetry.

33-2. on fire for on fire—the neuter adjective ending -es is sometimes left out in prose and often in poetry.

33-3. hin belongs also to -flackerte, = hinflackerte.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. hin also belongs to -flackerte, = hinflackerte.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. the—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

33-5. hätte—mood? why?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. would—mood? why?

33-6. sei—mood? why?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. sei—mood? why?

33-7. es (introductory) = ?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. it (introductory) = ?

33-8. Studien—sing.? rule?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Studies—sing.? rule?

Page 34.34-1. der´art = von der (emphat.) Art, adverb. genit. of quality.

Page 34.34-1. such = of (emphatic) type, adverb. genitive of quality.

34-2. das refers to the contents of the letter.

34-2. the refers to what's inside the letter.

34-3. die refers to Briefe.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. die refers to letters.

34-4. aufs entschiedenste—form of the absolute adverb superlative expressing a very high degree without implying comparison.

34-4. most definitely—form of the absolute adverb superlative expressing a very high degree without implying comparison.

34-5. In English with indef. article.

34-5. In English with an indefinite article.

Page 35.35-1. The preposition durch (through) appended adverbially to an accusative expressing duration of time.

Page 35.35-1. The preposition through (through) used adverbially with an accusative to indicate a duration of time.

35-2. die Lunge (sing.)—in English, pl.—comp. die Asche (ashes), der Dank (thanks), die Schere (scissors), die Zange (tongs).

35-2. the lung (sing.)—in English, pl.—comp. the ashes (ashes), thanks (thanks), the scissors (scissors), the tongs (tongs).

35-3. die refers to Reizbarkeit.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. die refers to sensitivity.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wäre—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

35-5. Nizza, the German name for Nice (Southern France) on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea ("The Riviera"), a district noted for its exceedingly mild climate.

35-5. Nice, the German name for Nice (Southern France) on the Mediterranean Sea ("The Riviera"), an area famous for its very mild climate.

35-6. Florenz´, the German name for Florence (Ital.: "Firenze").

35-6. Florence, the German name for Florence (Ital.: "Firenze").

35-7. Why das and not die? Cf. Page 15, Note 1.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Why das and not die? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

35-8. Einen groß anschauen, phrase expressing astonishment.

35-8. To gaze at something in awe, phrase expressing surprise.

35-9. Signo´ra (Ital., pronounce sinjo´ra), young lady.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Signo´ra (Ital., pronounce sinjo´ra), young lady.

35-10. bebenden Herzens (adverb. genit. of manner) = mit bebendem Herzen.

35-10. with a racing heart (adverb. genit. of manner) = with a racing heart.

35-11. da and hier, colloq. used one for the other.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. da and hier, often used interchangeably.

Page 36.36-1. Monte Testaccio (Ital., pronounce testat´scho) = "Mountain of Sherds."—Just beyond the limits of the Protestant Cemetery in Rome (see Page 29, Note 3), a wide and lofty hill rises, called "Monte Testaccio" which at first looks as if it were a natural elevation of the ground, but on examination proves to be nothing but sherds of broken wine-jars. It was doubtless once the site of the manufacture of these articles.

Page 36.36-1. Monte Testaccio (Italian, pronounced testat's cho) = "Mountain of Sherds."—Just outside the Protestant Cemetery in Rome (see Page 29, Note 3), there is a large, steep hill called "Monte Testaccio." At first glance, it appears to be a natural hill, but upon closer inspection, it's made entirely of broken wine jar fragments. It was likely once the place where these items were produced.

36-2. leuchtend = mit leuchtenden Augen.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. bright = with bright eyes.

36-3. That the information of the Roman cab-driver was incorrect, can be seen from what has been said, Page 29, Note 3. But besides the Protestant Cemetery, there is also a German Cemetery ("Cimetero dei Tedeschi"), situated near St. Peter’s, the most ancient burial-ground in Rome, instituted by Constantine the Great (306-337 A.D.), and filled with earth from Mt. Calvary.

36-3. The information provided by the Roman cab driver was wrong, as we've noted, Page 29, Note 3. But in addition to the Protestant Cemetery, there's also a German Cemetery ("Cimitero dei Tedeschi"), located near St. Peter’s, which is the oldest burial site in Rome, established by Constantine the Great (306-337 A.D.), and contains soil from Mt. Calvary.

36-4. hin—explain the idiom. Cf. Page 32, Note 4.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. hin—explain the saying. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

36-5. wohl (adverb. idiom), how to render?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wow (adverb. idiom), how to render?

Page 37.37-1. mir ist = es ist mir or es ist mir zu Mut, cf. Page 4, Note 2.

Page 37.37-1. it's for me = it's for me or it's for me to feel, cf. Page 4, Note 2.

37-2. möchte—explain the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wants—explain the idiom. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

37-3. eine (emphatic), why?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. eine (emphatic), why?

37-4. heim (idiom) = ? Cf. Page 5, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. home (idiom) = ? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

37-5. ihr, refers to Fräulein Milla.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. her, refers to Miss Milla.

37-6. Sie sie—for euphony the second sie might better have been avoided by substituting dieselben.

37-6. They—for smoother sound, the second they might have been better replaced with the same.

37-7. einmal (indef.)—meaning?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. once (indef.)—meaning?

37-8. recht (colloq.) for recht genau or recht scharf.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. right (slang) for right on or right sharp.

37-9. das sind ihre Kinder—Explain the idiom; cf. Page 27, Note 8.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.
those are her kids—Explain the idiom; __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 38.38-1. wohl (adverb. idiom), here = ?

Page 38.38-1. good (adverb. idiom), here = ?

38-2. es geht mir ein Licht auf (colloq. phrase), it begins to dawn upon me.

38-2. it dawns on me (colloq. phrase), I'm starting to understand.

38-3. die heitere Vorsteherin, for das heitere Wesen or den heiteren Charakter der Vorsteherin.

38-3. the upbeat leader, for the positive vibe or the upbeat nature of the leader.

38-4. du räumst ... aus—the present tense with the force of an emphatic imperative = räume sofort ... aus!

38-4. you clean ... out—the present tense used like an urgent command = clean up ... now!

38-5. es blieb dabei (impers. phrase), he insisted upon it; the thing was settled.

38-5. it stayed that way (impers. phrase), he insisted on it; the matter was resolved.

Page 39.39-1. Account for sich; cf. Page 9, Note 8.

Page 39.—__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Account for sich; __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

39-2. ihm war es (cf. Page 37, Note 1), wie wenn, syn. als ob, als wenn.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. he felt (__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__, like, syn. like, as though.

39-3. die Studenten zählten die „Häupter ihrer Lieben“ (lit. "the heads of their beloved"). A quotation from Schiller’s „Das Lied von der Glocke,“ verses 225-226 of which run thus:

39-3. the students counted the "heads of their loved ones" (lit. "the heads of their beloved"). A quotation from Schiller’s “The Bell's Song,” verses 225-226 of which go like this:

Er zählt die Häupter seiner Lieben,
Und sieh! Ihm fehlt kein teures Haupt.

He counts the heads of his loved ones,
And look! He hasn't missed a single precious one.

The faces that he loves—he counts them o’er,
See—not one look is missing from that store.

The faces he loves—he counts them
Look—every single one is there in that collection.

(Edward Bulwer Lytton.)

Edward Bulwer-Lytton.

here jocosely applied to the crowned heads stamped on coins; (comp. Eng. „mopusses").

here playfully applied to the kings and queens depicted on coins; (comp. Eng. "mopusses").

39-4. d. h., abbrev. for das heißt, = i.e.

39-4. d. h., short for that means, = i.e.

39-5. wohin´? supply the verb.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. where to? supply the verb.

39-6. O´beritalien (Upper Italy), i.e. Northern Italy.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. O´beritalien (Upper Italy), i.e. Northern Italy.

39-7. ein´geschlagen! (idiom.) perf. partic. for imperative = schlagen Sie ein!

39-7. let's go! (idiom.) perfect participle for imperative = let's go!

Page 40.40-1. der alte Gemsbart, humorously for der alte Führer mit dem Gemsbart (cf. Page 5, Note 1) am Hut.

Page 40.40-1. the vintage Gemsbart, humorously referring to the former leader with the Gemsbart (cf. Page 5, Note 1) on the cap.

40-2. zuto, towards, in the direction of—in this sense always following its case—or may be taken as prefix of comp. verb zuziehen.

40-2. toto, towards, in the direction of—in this sense always following its case—or may be used as a prefix for the compound verb pull in.

40-3. indem sie ... segneten (by pres. partic.), praising.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. by ... blessing (by pres. part.), praising.

40-4. seinen refers to Tauernwirt.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. seinen refers to Tauernwirt.

40-5. Kaiser Franz Joseph in Gold, the picture of Francis Joseph I, the present emperor of Austria, on a gold-piece.

40-5. Kaiser Franz Joseph in Gold, the image of Francis Joseph I, the current emperor of Austria, on a gold coin.

40-6. möchte für ihr Leben gern (phrase; lit., "would like for her life"), is exceedingly anxious.

40-6. her life goals (phrase; lit., "would like for her life"), is very anxious.

40-7. es (indef.) klopft, there is a knocking, or somebody knocks at the door.

40-7. es (indef.) knocks, there is a knocking, or somebody is knocking at the door.

40-8. bei = in dem Hause.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. in = in the house.

40-9. es wird ihm ganz italienisch zu Mut (humorous phrase), he begins to feel like a genuine Italian, or as if he were in Italy.

40-9. it's making him feel really Italian (humorous phrase), he starts to feel like a real Italian, or as if he were in Italy.

40-10. "Entra´te pure!" (Ital.), Just come in! won’t you?

40-10. "Come on in!" (Ital.), Just come in, will you?

40-11. als (Alpine dialect), cf. Page 5, Note 10.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. as (Alpine dialect), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Page 41.41-1. seid Ihr es? (idiom., lit., "are you it?") = ?

Page 41.41-1. Are you the one? (idiom., lit., "are you it?") = ?

41-2. sie wollten—idiom?

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. they wanted—idiom?

41-3. wanderte fort, was thrown away; cf. Page 4, Note 12.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wandered away, was discarded; __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. wie wenn = ? __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

41-5. ist (idiom.). The German present tense expresses what "has been and still is" = Engl. perfect tense.

41-5. is (idiom.). The German present tense expresses what "has been and still is" = Eng. perfect tense.

41-6. ist es (indef.), cf. Page 15, Note 4.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. is it (indef.), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

41-7. englisch, English style.—This remark would suggest that since their first meeting a lively intercourse and close friendship had sprung up between Mr. Brown and the second Tenor.

41-7. English, English style.—This comment suggests that since they first met, a vibrant relationship and strong friendship developed between Mr. Brown and the second Tenor.

41-8. vom feinsten (Tabak being understood).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. top-notch (tobacco being understood).

41-9. dazu´ (i.e. zum Thee).

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. therefore (i.e. for tea).

41-10. seinem, refers to der zweite Tenor´.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. his, refers to the second tenor.

41-11. klang, syn. erscholl or wurde gesungen, was heard, was sung.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. sound, syn. echoed or was sung, was heard, was sung.


VOCABULARY

A.

a (dialect.), ein, eine, ein, a (an); (= auch) also, too.

a (dialect.), ein, eine, ein, a (an); (= also) also, too.

ab (adv.), off, down; auf und ab, up and down.

ab (adv.), off, down; up and down, up and down.

A´bend, m. (pl. -e), evening, night; heute Abend, this evening, tonight.

Evening time, m. (pl. -s), evening, night; tonight, this evening, tonight.

A´benteuer, n. (pl. ), adventure.

Adventure, n. (pl. ), adventure.

a´ber, but, however; wohl aber, but (much more.)

a´ber, but; wohl aber, but (much more.)

ab´nehmen (nahm, genommen), to take off.

ab´nehmen (nahm, genommen), to remove.

ab´schneiden (schnitt, geschnitten), to cut off.

ab´schneiden (cut, cut off), to cut off.

ab´schwenken, to wheel aside; rechts abgeschwenkt! to the right wheel!

move the wheel, to turn away; turn right! to the right turn!

Ab´sicht, f. (pl. -en), intention; seine Absicht auf ihre Hand, his thinking of marrying her.

Intent, f. (pl. -en), intention; to intend to marry her, his plan to propose to her.

abson´derlich, uncommon, strange, surprising.

uncommon, strange, surprising.

Ab´teilung, f. (pl. -en), division, class.

Department, f. (pl. -en), division, class.

ab´wärts, downwards, downhill.

downwards, downhill.

ab´werfen (warf, geworfen), to throw off or down.

throw off or down

ach! (interj.), ah! oh! ach was! (interj.), ta, ta, ta! whew!

ugh! (interj.), ah! oh! ugh, what?! (interj.), no, no, no! whew!

acht´zehn, eighteen.

eighteen.

addie´ren, to add up, to sum up.

addie'ren, to total, to calculate the sum.

Adres´se, f. (pl. -n), address.

Address, f. (pl. -n), address.

ah´nen, to anticipate, to suspect.

ah´nen, to anticipate, to suspect.

ähn´lich, similar.

similar.

Ähn´lichkeit, f., resemblance, likeness.

Similarity, f., resemblance, likeness.

Ak´tenstaub, m., dust of old legal rolls or documents.

Dust particles, m., dust from old legal papers or documents.

Ak´tenvieh, n. (colloq., perhaps) legal paper-worm, red-tapist.

Ak´tenvieh, n. (colloq., perhaps) bureaucrat, red-tape enthusiast.

all, all, every.

all, every.

al´le (adv.), at an end, no chance; es ist alle, there is no hope, there cannot be thought of ...

ballet (adv.), finished, no chance; it's all gone, there is no hope, it's impossible to think of ...

allein´, alone.

allein´, alone.

al´lemal, everytime, always.

every time, always.

al´lerhand, all kinds of.

all kinds of.

al´lerseits, all around, on every side.

all around, on every side.

al´les, all, everything.

all, everything.

al´lesamt, each and every one.

al´lesamt, every single one.

al´leweil, always, all the time.

always, all the time.

al´li (dialect.) = all, ganz, all, altogether; d’ Lieb alli (dialect.) = die ganze Liebe.

al´li (dialect.) = all, whole all, completely; d’ Lieb all (dialect.) = the complete love.

allmäh´lich, gradually, by degrees.

gradually

all´zugroß, far too great, over-great, altogether too big.

too large, way too much, way too big, completely oversized.

Alm, f. (pl. -en), Alpine meadow, mountain-pasture; auf der Almen, (old dat. sing.)

Alm, f. (pl. -en), alpine meadow, mountain pasture; on the alpine pastures, (old dat. sing.)

Al´pen, pl. Alps.

Alpen, pl. Alps.

Al´pensteigen, n., mountain-climbing.

Al´pensteigen, n., mountain climbing.

Al´penstock, m. (pl. -̈e), "Alpenstock," mountaineer’s pole (with a ferrule).

Trekking pole, m. (pl. -̈e), "Alpenstock," a mountaineer's pole (with a tip).

als (adv.), as, like; than; (conj.) as, since, when; (= als ob), as if; (dialect.) = immer, always; nichts als, nothing but.

also (adv.), as, like; than; (conj.) as, since, when; (= as if), as if; (dialect.) = immer, always; nothing but, nothing but.

al´so, thus, therefore, so, there.

also, thus, therefore, so, there.

alt, old, aged; der Alte, old man.

alt, old; der Alte, old man.

äl´tere, see alt.

elderly, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

am = an dem.

am = an the.

Amts´diener, m. (pl. ), beadle, bailiff; office-boy.

Amtsdiener, m. (pl. ), beadle, bailiff; office assistant.

Amts´leben, n., official life or work.

official life or work

Amts´stube, f. (pl. -n), office, bureau, court.

Amtsstube, f. (pl. -n), office, bureau, court.

1. an (dat., accus.), on, at, in, near, by; to, for. das Erstaunen war an ihr, it was now for her to be surprised.

1. an (dat., accus.), on, at, in, near, by; to, for. she was stunned, she was now meant to be surprised.

2. an (dialect.) = einen.

2. a (dialect.) = one.

an´bieten (bot, geboten), to offer.

an´bieten (bot, geboten), to offer.

an´binden (band, gebunden), to form an acquaintance (with, mit), to enter into a conversation (with, mit).

an'binden (bind, bound)), to make a connection (with, mit), to start a conversation (with, mit).

an´bringen (brachte, gebracht), to put in, to start.

anbringen (brachte, gebracht)), to put in, to start.

an´dere (der), other; das andere, the rest.

an´dere (der), other; das andere, the other.

an´ders (adv.), differently, otherwise, (in) another way or style.

others (adv.), differently, otherwise, in a different way or style.

an´erkennenswert, deserving acknowledgment.

deserving acknowledgment.

An´fang, m. (pl. -̈e), beginning, first half.

Beginning, m. (pl. -̈e), start, first half.

an´fangen (fing, gefangen), to begin.

to start.

An´gabe, f. (pl. -n), design, instruction.

An´gabe, f. (pl. -n), design, guidance.

an´gesehen, honorable, distinguished.

regarded, honorable, distinguished.

An´gesicht, n. (pl. -er), face.

In front of, n. (pl. -er), face.

an´halten (hielt, gehalten), to hold (up), to stop, to stay; to apply (for, um); um die Hand eines Mädchens anhalten, to ask a lady’s hand (in marriage).

stop (stopped, stopped)), to hold (up), to stop, to stay; to apply (for, um); um die Hand eines Mädchens zu halten, to ask a woman's hand (in marriage).

An´hang, m., hangers-on, party.

hangers-on, party.

an´kichern, sich, to giggle at one another.

an´kichern, sich, to giggle at each other.

an´kommen (kam, gekommen), to arrive.

arrive.

An´kömmling, m. (pl. -e), newcomer, stranger.

newcomer, stranger.

an´langen, to arrive (at, bei).

an'langen, to arrive (at, bei).

an´legen, to put on, to help on.

put on, to assist

an´merken, to perceive (from, an).

notice, to perceive (from, an).

An´na, Anna, Anne.

Anna, Anne.

Änn´chen, Annie.

Änn´chen, Annie.

an´nehmen (nahm, genommen), to accept.

accept.

An´neliese (a name), "Anneliese," Ann-Lizzie.

Anneliese (a name), "Anneliese," Ann-Lizzie.

Ann´lieschen (endearing form of Anneliese, which see).

Ann´lieschen (term of endearment for Anneliese, see).

an´schauen, to look at; sich anschauen, to look at each other.

look at, to look at; look at to look at each other.

an´schreien (schrie, geschrieen), to shout (at one, accus.).

shout (shouted, shouted), to shout (at someone, accus.).

an´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look at, to view, to examine closely, to behold; Einem etwas ansehen, to tell or to read from one’s face.

to look (saw, seen), to look at, to view, to examine closely, to behold; N/A to tell or to read from someone’s face.

An´sicht, f. (pl. -en), opinion.

View, f. (pl. -en), opinion.

An´stand, m., gracefulness, good grace, decorum.

An´stand, m., elegance, poise, decorum.

an´ständig, proper, fair, passable.

proper, fair, acceptable.

an´stecken, to pin, to fasten.

an´stecken, to attach, to fasten.

An´stellung, f. (pl. -en), appointment, employment.

Hiring, f. (pl. -en), appointment, employment.

an´strengen, sich, to exert one’s self, to make efforts.

give it your all, to, to put in effort, to make an effort.

Ant´wort, f. (pl. -en), answer; Antwort geben, to answer (to, auf).

Ant´wort, f. (pl. -en), answer; Antwort geben, to reply (to, auf).

ant´worten, to answer, to reply.

ant´worten, to respond.

an´ziehen (zog, gezogen), to put on.

put on

An´zug, m. (pl. -̈e), suit of clothes, attire; approach; im Anzug sein, to be coming on or drawing near.

Look, m. (pl. -̈e), a set of clothes, clothing; approach; to be in an outfit, to be coming or getting closer.

an´zünden, to set on fire, to light, to ignite.

light up, to set on fire, to light, to ignite.

Apothe´ke, f. (pl. -n), apothecary’s shop, drug-store.

Pharmacy, f. (pl. -n), apothecary’s shop, drugstore.

Ar´beit, f. (pl. -en), work, study.

Work, study.

ar´beiten, to work, to study.

work, study

arg, bad; es zu arg machen, to come it too strong, to go too far.

ugh, bad; es zu schlimm machen, to overdo it, to go overboard.

Arm, m. (pl. -e), arm.

Arm

Art, f. (pl. -en), manner; stock, race, family; aus der Art schlagen, to degenerate; nicht aus der Art schlagen, to take after one’s family.

Art, f. (pl. -en), way; type, breed, lineage; aus der Art schlagen, to deviate; nicht auffallen, to resemble one’s family.

ar´tig, polite(ly), courteous(ly).

ar´tig, polite, courteous.

Ar´tigkeit, f. (pl. -en), compliment.

Compliment.

Asses´sor, m. (pl. Assesso´ren), assessor, puisne-judge.

Assessor, puisne judge.

A´tem, m., breath, breathing.

A´tem, m., breath, breathing.

A´temzug, m. (pl. -̈e), breath; in einem Atemzug, in the same breath.

Breath, m. (pl. -̈e), breath; in one breath, in the same breath.

auch, also, likewise, too; even; ob auch wirklich, if in reality.

also, similarly, also, too; even; if in reality, if it’s true.

auf (dat., accus.), on, upon, at; to, towards; for (time), after, according to; (adv.), up; auf und ab, up and down, to and fro.

on (dat., accus.), on, upon, at; to, towards; for (time), after, according to; (adv.), up; up and down, up and down, back and forth.

auf´blühen, to begin to bloom, to blossom.

to blossom, to start blooming, to flourish.

Auf´bruch, m., start, starting, setting out.

Departure, m., start, starting, setting out.

Auf´enthalt, m., stay, sojourn.

Auf´enthalt, m., stay, visit.

auf´erlegen, sich, to impose upon one’s self, to assume.

auf´erlegen, sich, to impose on oneself, to take on.

auf´erziehen (erzog, erzogen), to bring up, to educate.

mention (mentioned, mentioned), to raise, to educate.

auf´fallen (fiel, gefallen), to strike or surprise (one, dat.).

auf´fallen (fiel, gefallen), to catch or surprise (someone, dat.).

Auf´fassung, f. (pl. -en), conception, representation, interpretation.

Understanding, f. (pl. -en), conception, representation, interpretation.

auf´flammen, to flame up.

flare up

auf´gehen (ging, gegangen), to rise; to open, to be unsealed; ein Licht geht mir auf, it is dawning upon me.

rise (rose, risen), to rise; to open, to be unsealed; a light goes on for me, it's becoming clear to me.

auf´geräumt (p.p.), cheerful, in high spirits, in full feather.

tidied up (p.p.), cheerful, in good spirits, feeling great.

auf’m = auf dem.

auf'm = auf dem

auf´machen, sich, to prepare one’s self for a journey, to set out for.

open up, yourself, to get ready for a trip, to head out for.

Auf´regung, f., excitement.

Excitement, f.

auf´schauen, to look up.

look up

Auf´schlag, m. (pl. -̈e), cuff, facings; mit grünem Aufschlag, faced with green.

Cuff, m. (pl. -̈e), cuff, facings; with green cuff, faced with green.

auf´schließen (schloß, geschlossen), to open, to unlock, to disclose.

unlock (locked, unlocked)), to open, to reveal.

Auf´schluß, m. (pl. -̈e), explanation, information; Aufschluß geben, to explain.

Insight, m. (pl. -̈e), explanation, information; Provide insight, to explain.

auf´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look up.

auf´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look up.

auf´stehen (stand, gestanden), to rise (from one’s seat).

stand up (stood, stood), to rise (from one’s seat).

auf´steigen (stieg, gestiegen), to rise.

rise.

auf´stoßen (stieß, gestoßen), (maritime term), to run aground, to come across.

burp (burped, burped)), (maritime term), to run aground, to encounter.

auf´tauchen, to rise up, to spring up, to pop up.

appear, to come up, to emerge, to show up.

auf´thun (that, gethan), sich, to open (intrans.), to be opened (for one, dat.).

auf'thun (that, done), self, to open (intrans.), to be opened (for someone, dat.).

Au´ge, n. (pl. -n), eye.

Eye, n. (pl. -s), eye.

Au´genblick, m. (pl. -e), moment.

moment

aus (dat.), out of, from.

out of, from.

aus´bleiben (blieb, geblieben), to fail to come, to stop.

ausbleiben (blieb, geblieben)), to not show up, to stop.

aus´dampfen, to evaporate.

aus´dampfen, to steam away.

Aus´druck, m. (pl. -̈e), phrase, term; expression.

Expression, m. (pl. -̈e), phrase, term; expression.

aus´gehen (ging, gegangen), to fall short, to fail (one, dat.).

Heading out, to fall short, to fail (one, dat.).

aus´laufen (lief, gelaufen), sich (colloq.), to take sufficient exercise by running, to have a good run.

plenty of time), sich (colloq.), to get enough exercise by running, to go for a good run.

aus´legen, to explain.

interpret, to explain.

aus´räumen, to clear (a room).

ausräumen, to clear out (a room).

aus´ruhen, sich, to rest one’s self, to take (some) rest.

self-care, you, to relax, to take a break.

aus´schauen (impers.), to look; wie schaut’s aus? what is the outlook?

check it out (impers.), to look; how does it look? what is the outlook?

aus´schlagen (schlug, geschlagen), to refuse, to decline.

to refuse, to decline.

aus´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look.

look.

Aus´sicht, f. (pl. -en), prospect, chance; in Aussicht stellen, to hold out a prospect.

Outlook, f. (pl. -s), prospect, chance; to offer a possibility, to offer a possibility.

aus´sprechen (sprach, gesprochen), to speak out, to express.

pronounce (pronounced, pronounced)), to speak out, to express.

aus´steigen (stieg, gestiegen), to get out, to alight.

getting out, to exit, to disembark.

aus´suchen, to select, to choose.

pick, to select, to choose.

aus´wählen, to choose out, to pick out, to single out.

select to choose, to pick, to single out.

au´ßer (dat.), besides; außer sich vor Freude, frantic with joy.

except (dat.), besides; besonders glücklich beside oneself with joy.

aus´ziehen (zog, gezogen), intrans., to leave, to start, to set out.

exit (left, left)), intrans., to depart, to begin, to head out.

avan´ti!E-6 (Ital.), forwards!

avan´ti!__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ (Italian), let’s go!

A´zur, m., azure.

A'zur, azure.

B.

Bahn, f. (pl. -en), way, road; sich Bahn brechen, to force one’s way, to break through.

Path, f. (pl. -en), way, road; to carve one's path, to force through, to break through.

Balan´ce (French), f., balance, dignity.

Balance, dignity.

bald, soon, quick(ly), bald ... bald, soon ... soon, now ... then.

soon, quickly, soon ... soon, now ... then.

bal´dig, early, quick, speedy.

fast

bal´digst, as soon as possible.

ASAP

Band, n. (pl. -̈er), tie, ribbon.

Band, n. (pl. -er), tie, ribbon.

bang, anxious(ly).

bang, nervously.

Bank´haus, n. (pl. -̈er), banking house.

Bank´haus, n. (pl. -̈er), bank.

Bär, m. (pl. -en), bear; (= „zum Bären,“) "The Bear-Inn."

Bear, m. (pl. -en), bear; (= "to the bear,") "The Bear Inn."

Ba´ritonstimme, f. (pl. -n), barytone voice.

Barytone voice

Barome´ter, m., n. (pl. ), barometer, (weather) glass.

Barometer, (pl. —), barometer, (weather) glass.

Baß, m. (pl. -̈e), bass.

bass

Baß´geige, f. (pl. -n), bass-viol.

Bass Viol f. (pl. -n), bass-viol.

Bau´er, m. (pl. -n), countryman, mountaineer.

Bauer, m. (pl. -n), farmer, mountaineer.

bay´risch, Bavarian, of (in) the kingdom of Bavaria.

Bavarian relating to the kingdom of Bavaria.

Beam´te(r) m. (pl. -[n]), official, office-bearer.

Beamter m. (pl. -[n]), official, office-holder.

be´ben, to tremble.

be´ben, to shake.

Bedeu´tung, f. importance, moment.

importance, moment.

Bedien´te(r), m. (pl. -[n]), servant, footman, valet.

Servant, m. (pl. -[n]), footman, valet.

Bedin´gung, f. (pl. -en), condition.

Condition.

Bedürf´nis, n. (pl. -se), need, want, requisite.

Need, want, requisite.

befeh´len (befahl, befohlen), to order.

befeh´len (befahl, befohlen), to command.

befin´den (befand, befunden), sich, to find one’s self, to be.

find (found, found)), yourself, to find oneself, to be.

Begeg´nung, f. (pl. -en), meeting.

Meeting.

begeh´ren, to ask, to apply for.

desire, to ask, to apply for.

begin´nen (begann, begonnen), to begin.

begin (began, begun), to start.

beglei´ten, to accompany.

beglei´ten, to accompany.

begra´ben (begrub, begraben), to bury, to lay to rest.

buried (buried, buried), to bury, to lay to rest.

begrei´fen (begriff, begriffen), to understand, to comprehend, to apprehend.

define (defined, defined)), to understand, to comprehend, to grasp.

behä´big, corpulent, stoutish.

bulky, overweight, solid.

behaf´tet, (p.p.), decked, covered; provided, endowed.

behaf´tet, (p.p.), adorned, covered; supplied, equipped.

beha´gen, to please, to suit.

beha´gen, to please, to fit.

behag´lich, comfortable (-bly), cosy (-ily).

comfortable, cozy.

behaup´ten, to assert, to claim, to say.

claim, to assert, to say.

bei (dat.), at, near, by, in the house of, by the side of, next to; in (weather).

by (dat.), at, near, by, in the house of, beside, next to; in (weather).

bei´de, both; die beiden, the two.

both; the two.

Bein, n. (pl. -e), leg.

Bein, n. (pl. -e), leg.

beina´he, almost, nearly; wir warfen beinahe um, we had a narrow escape of getting out.

almost, nearly; we almost got kicked out, we had a close call of getting out.

bein’n (dialect.) = bei dem.

bein’n (dialect) = bei dem

beisam´men, together, assembled.

together, assembled.

Bei´spiel, n. (pl. -e), example.

Example, n. (pl. -s), example.

Bei´trag, m. (pl. -̈e), contribution, share, dues.

Contribution, m. (pl. -̈e), contribution, share, dues.

bekannt´, acquainted.

well-known, familiar.

bekom´men (bekam, bekommen), to get, to receive.

get (got, gotten)), to get, to receive.

bekrän´zen, to festoon.

bekrän´zen, to decorate.

benu´tzen, to use, to utilize, to employ.

benefit, to use, to utilize, to engage.

beob´achten, to observe, to watch.

observe, watch.

bequem´, comfortable; es sich bequem machen, to make one’s self comfortable (easy or at home).

cozy comfortable; to get comfortable, to make oneself at ease (easy or at home).

berech´nen, to calculate; berechnet, calculated, intended (at, auf).

calculate, to calculate; calculated, calculated, intended (at, on).

bereit´, ready, handy.

ready, handy.

bereits´, already.

already.

Berg, m. (pl. -e), mountain.

Mountain.

Berg´schuh, m. (pl. -e), mountain-shoe.

mountain shoe

Berg´spitze, f. (pl. -n), mountain-top, mountain-peak.

Berg´spitze, f. (pl. -n), mountaintop, mountain peak.

beschau´en, to look at, to examine.

look at, examine.

Bescheid´, m., information, knowledge; über (um) etwas Bescheid wissen, to know something of, to be conversant with something.

Information, m., information, knowledge; know to know something about, to be familiar with something.

beschei´den, modest(ly).

modest(ly).

besche´ren, to give, to present, to bestow.

provide, to give, to present, to gift.

beschla´gen (beschlug, beschlagen), to set, to stud; mit Nägeln beschlagen, to clout.

seizure (seize, seized), to set, to stud; with nails driven, to clout.

beschleu´nigen, to hasten on, to quicken.

hasten,

to speed up, to quicken.

beschlie´ßen (beschloß, beschlossen), to close, to finish.

choose (chose, chosen), to close, to finish.

beschnei´en, to snow over.

snow over

beschrei´ben (beschrieb, beschrieben), to describe.

describe (described, described), to describe.

beschrie´ben (p.p.), written upon.

described (p.p.), written upon.

bese´hen (besah, besehen), to take a look at, to inspect, to examine.

besehen (besah, besehen)), to check out, to look over, to review.

besin´nen (besann, besonnen), sich, to consider, to deliberate.

besin´nen (besann, besonnen), sich, to consider, to deliberate.

besi´tzen (besaß, besessen), to possess, to own, to have.

to own (owned, owned)), to own, to possess, to have.

beson´dere (der), particular.

beson´dere (der), special.

bes´ser, better.

better.

be´ste (der), best; das beste, what is the best of all.

be'st (the), best; the best what is the greatest of all.

bestel´len, to order; sich bestellen, to order for one’s self.

order, to request; to order for yourself, to make a request for oneself.

bestimmt´, (p.p.), determined, decided, foreseen.

definitely, (p.p.), determined, decided, predicted.

betrof´fen, (p.p.), struck, perplexed, taken aback.

Affected, (p.p.), struck, confused, surprised.

Betrüb´nis, f., affliction; "sorrow" (Longfellow).

Sadness, f., affliction; "sorrow" (Longfellow).

Bett, n., (pl. -en), bed.

Bett, n., (pl. -en), bed.

bewe´gen (bewog, bewogen), to induce.

bewe´gen (bewog, bewogen), to inspire.

bewe´gen, sich, to move (intrans.)

move

b’hü´at! (dialect.) = behüte, save! protect! b’hüat dich Gott! goodbye!

b’hü´at! (dialect.) = behüte, save! protect! b’hüat dich Gott! goodbye!

bie´der (attrib. biedrer, biedre, biedres), good and honest, sturdy.

nosy people (attrib. biedrer, biedre, biedres), good and honest, strong.

bie´gen (bog, gebogen), to turn (round).

bie´gen (bend, bent), to turn (around).

bie´ten (bot, geboten), to bid; (= anbieten), to offer.

offer (bot, offered)), to bid; (= anbieten), to offer.

Bild, n. (pl. -er), picture, image, illustration.

Image, n. (pl. -s), picture, graphic, illustration.

bil´lig (adv.), justly, fairly, in fairness.

bil´lig (adv.), justly, fairly, fairly.

Bir´kenzweig, m. (pl. -e), birchen rod.

Birkenzweig, birch rod.

bis, till, to; (conj.), until; bis über (accus.), up to; bis zu (dat.) to.

bis, until; (conj.), until; bis über (accus.), up to; up to (dat.) to.

bisher´, up to this (that) time, till now (then).

so far, up to this point, till now.

bis´sel (dialect.) = bißchen, little bit, somewhat; a bissel = ein bißchen.

bis'sel (dialect.) = bitt, a little bit, somewhat; a bit.

biß´chen (ein), (a) little bit; (adv.), somewhat, rather.

bit (a), a little bit; (adv.), somewhat, rather.

Bit´te, f. (pl. -en), request; dringende Bitte, entreaty (to, an).

Please, f. (pl. -en), request; urgent request, entreaty (to, an).

bit´ten (bat, gebeten), to beg, to request; bitte! please! pray!

bitten (bat, asked)), to beg, to request; please! please!

Bla´se, f. (pl. -n), blister; frisch gelaufene Blasen, new-run blisters.

Bla´se, f. (pl. -n), blister; frisch gelaufene Blasen, freshly formed blisters.

bla´sen (blies, geblasen), to sound the bugle.

blow (blowed, blown)), to sound the bugle.

Bla´senpflaster, n. (pl. ), blistering plaster.

Bla´senpflaster, n. (pl. ), blister plaster.

Blattln (dialect.) pl. = Blätter, (leaf), leaves.

Blattln (dialect.) pl. = Blätter, (leaf), leaves.

blau, blue; seine blauen Wunder sehen, not to know whether one stands on his head or on his heels.

blue, blue; to see his blue wonders, not knowing whether you're standing on your head or your heels.

Bläu´e, f., blueness, bluish tints.

Bläu´e, f., blue color, bluish shades.

blau´weiß, blue and white.

blue and white.

Ble´amle (dialect.) pl. = Blumen, flowers, buds.

Ble´amle (dialect.) pl. = Blumen, flowers, buds.

blei´ben (blieb, geblieben), to remain, to stay; es bleibt dabei, the matter is settled; stehen bleiben, to stop.

stay (stayed, stayed), to remain, to stay; it stays that way, the matter is settled; stop to stop.

Blick, m. (pl. -e), glance, look, view.

Blick, m. (pl. -e), glance, look, sight.

bli´tzen, to flash, to gleam, to glitter.

Blitzen, to flash, to shine, to sparkle.

blü´hen, to bloom, to blossom.

blü´hen, to bloom, to blossom.

blüht ... auf, see aufblühen.

blooms ... up, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Blu´me, f., (pl. -n), flower.

Bloom, f., (pl. -s), flower.

Blu´menbouquett, n. (pl. -e), bunch of flowers, flower-piece.

Flower bouquet, n. (pl. -s), bunch of flowers, flower arrangement.

Blut, n., blood.

Blood.

Blut´sturz, m. (pl. -̈e), hemorrhage; einen Blutsturz haben, to break a blood-vessel.

Bloodbath, m. (pl. -̈e), hemorrhage; having a hemorrhage, to rupture a blood vessel.

Bo´den, m., bottom, ground, floor.

Bo´den, m., bottom, ground, floor.

Bow´le (English), f. (pl. -n), punchbowl.

Bow´le (English), f. (pl. -n), punch bowl.

brächt´s (dialect.) = brächte es, seeE-7 bringen.

brächt´s (dialect.) = brächte es, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0____A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__.

brau´chen, to need.

brau´chen, to need.

braucht´s (dialect.) = brauchen Sie or braucht Ihr, you need.

you need

Braut, f. (pl. -̈e), bride-elect, one (fem.) betrothed; als Braut und Bräutigam, a couple engaged or betrothed.

Bride, f. (pl. -̈e), bride, a female who is engaged; as bride and groom, a couple who are engaged or betrothed.

Braut´führer, m. (pl. ), bridesman.

groomsman

Bräu´tigam, m. (pl. -e), one (masc.) betrothed; als Braut und Bräutigam, as engaged or betrothed.

Bräu'tigam, m. (pl. -e), one (masc.) engaged person; also bride and groom, as engaged or betrothed.

Braut´jungfer, f. (pl. -n), bridesmaid.

bridesmaid

Braut´mutter, f. (pl. ), bride’s mother.

Braut´mutter, f. (pl. ), bride's mom.

Braut´paar, n. (pl. -e), bride and bridegroom, young married couple.

Couple, n. (pl. -e), bride and groom, young married couple.

bre´chen (brach, gebrochen), to break; sich Bahn brechen, to force one’s way, to break through.

bre´chen (broke, broken)), to break; break through to force one’s way.

Breis´gau, m., the name of one of the most beautiful districts of the grand-duchy of Baden.

Breisgau, m., the name of one of the most beautiful regions in the grand duchy of Baden.

bren´nen (brannte, gebrannt), to burn, to get (too) hot; to smart, to glow, to glare.

brennen (burned, burned)), to burn, to get (too) hot; to sting, to glow, to glare.

Brief, m. (pl. -e), letter.

Brief, m. (pl. -e), letter.

brin´gen (brachte, gebracht), to bring, to offer; fertig bringen, to bring about, to manage to do.

bring (brought, brought)), to bring, to offer; to bring about, to manage to do.

Bro´cken, m. (pl. ), crumb, piece, morsel.

Bro´cken, m. (pl. ), crumb, piece, morsel.

bro´deln, to bubble.

bro´deln, to bubble.

Brü´cke, f. (pl. -n), bridge; eine Brücke schlagen, to build or to throw a bridge.

Bridge, f. (pl. -n), bridge; build a bridge, to build or to throw a bridge.

Bru´der, m. (pl. ), brother.

Brother.

brum´men, to hum.

brum´men, to hum.

Brust, f. (pl. -̈e), breast, heart.

Breast, f. (pl. -̈e), breast, heart.

b’stimmt´ (dialect.) = bestimmt, destined, intended.

b'stimmt' (dialect.) = certainly, destined, intended.

Buch´klotz, m. (pl. -̈e), beech-log.

Buchklotz, m. (pl. -̈e), beech log.

Büch´senschuß, m. (pl. -̈e), gunshot, range of a musket-ball; zwanzig Büchsenschuß, twenty times the range of a musket-ball.

Büch's shot, m. (pl. -̈e), gunshot, range of a musket ball; twenty gunshot, twenty times the range of a musket ball.

bunt, motley.

colorful.

Bur´sche, m. (pl. -n), young fellow, lad.

young guy, lad

C.

C, in music the name of the first or key-note of the modern normal scale (= the do of the Italians, and the ut of the French).

C, in music, is the name of the first or key note of the modern standard scale (equivalent to the do of the Italians and the ut of the French).

Ces´tiuspyramide, f., Pyramid of Cestius.

Pyramid of Cestius.

chirur´gisch, surgical.

surgical

Citro´ne, f. (pl. -n), citron (-tree), lemon (-tree).

Citro´ne, f. (pl. -n), lemon tree.

Coupé, n. (pl. -s), coupé, the front seats of a diligence, generally seated for three.

Coupe, n. (pl. -s), coupé, the front seats of a carriage, usually designed for three people.

Cypres´se, f. (pl. -n), cypress (-tree).

Cypress tree.

D.

d. h. (abbrev. = das heißt), i.e., viz.

d. h. (abbrev. = das heißt), i.e., viz.

da (adv.), then, there; (conj.), as, since, because, when; da oben, up there.

da (adv.), then, there; (conj.), as, since, because, when; up there, up there.

dabei´, (emphat. da´bei), thereby, in it, at this occasion, at these words, in doing so, at the same time.

there, (emphat. da´bei), thereby, in it, on this occasion, with these words, in doing so, at the same time.

da´bleiben (blieb, geblieben), to remain behind.

da´bleiben (blieb, geblieben), to stay behind.

Dach, n. (pl. -̈er), roof.

roof

dach´te, see denken.

thought, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

däch´te, see denken.

thought, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

da´für, for this.

for this.

daher´ (emphat. da´her), thence, from there.

therefore, from there.

dahin´ (emphat. da´hin), thither, there.

dahin' (emphat. dahin), there.

daho´am (dialect.) = daheim, at home.

daho´am (dialect.) = daheim, home.

da´mals, at that time, in those days, the other day.

back then, at that time, in those days, the other day.

Da´me, f. (pl. -n), lady.

Give me, f. (pl. -n), lady.

damit´ (emphat. da´mit), with this, with it.

with this, with it.

däm´merig, dim, dimly lighted.

däm´merig, dim, dimly lit.

dam´pfen, to steam, to fume.

dam´pfen, to steam, to vapor.

dan´ken, to thank.

thank.

dann, then, thereupon, afterwards; dann und wann (every) now and then, at times; dann wann, when.

then, then, afterwards; then and when (every) now and then, at times; then when when.

dan´nen, there; von dannen, thence, from thence, away.

there; thence, from there, away.

daran´ (emphat. da´ran), on it, at it, of it, from it.

got it (emphat. on it), regarding it, concerning it, from it.

daran´ sein (war, gewesen), to be about.

daran sein (was, gewesen), to be about.

darauf´ (emphat. dar´auf), on it; thereupon, after, later.

then (emphatic. then), on it; after that, later.

may, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

darin´ (emphat. dar´in), in it.

darin´ (emphat. dar´in), in it.

darü´ber (emphat. dar´über), over it, since then.

over it, since then.

darum´ (emphat. dar´um), therefore, for this reason.

therefore, for this reason.

darun´ter (emphat. dar´unter), beneath (it).

beneath (it)

das = dieses or dies, this, that.

das = this or that, this, that.

da´ sein (war, gewesen), to be at hand.

to exist, to be at hand.

daß (conj.), that.

that.

dau´ern, to last, to continue; es dauerte ihm zu lange, he found it too long.

dawn, to last, to continue; it took too long for him, he thought it took too long.

davon´machen, sich, to slip away; sich in der Stille davonmachen, to steal away, to abscond.

to fade away, oneself, to sneak away; to slip away quietly, to quietly escape, to disappear.

dazu´ (emphat. da´zu), to it, to this; dazu gehören zwei, it requires two (participants).

to that (emphat. there too), to it, to this; including two, it requires two (participants).

dazu´kommen (kam, gekommen), to happen to arrive, to join the party.

to come to (came, come), to happen upon arriving, to join the gathering.

dazwi´schen, between them, between there, between or amongst.

between them, between there, between or amongst.

dein, dei´ne, dein, (thy), your; (thine), yours.

your; yours.

de´nen (= den´jenigen), those.

those

den´ken (dachte, gedacht), to think (of, genit.), to recollect, to remember; sich denken, to imagine, to picture to one’s self.

think (thought, thought), to think (of, genit.), to recall, to remember; think of yourself, to imagine, to visualize for oneself.

denn (adv.), then, say! (conj.), for, because.

because (adv.), then, say! (conj.), for, because.

den´noch, after all, for all that.

after all, for all that.

der, die, das (relat. pron.), who, which.

der, die, das (relat. pron.), who, which.

der´art, in such a manner, to such a degree, so much.

this way, in this way, to this extent, so much.

de´ren (genit., relat.), of whom.

of whom

dersel´be, diesel´be, dassel´be, the same, the like, the latter, he (she, it).

the same, the same, the same, the same, the like, the latter, he (she, it).

derwei´len, meanwhile, while.

meanwhile

desglei´chen, the like.

desglei´chen, and similar.

des´sen, whose, of whom.

des'sen, whose, of whom.

des´to (adv.), so much; desto mehr, (so much) the more.

destined (adv.), so much; the more, (so much) the more.

deuch´ten (impers.), to think; es deucht mir, I think; es deuchte ihr, she thought.

deuch'ten (impers.), to think; it appears to me, I think; it appeared to her, she thought.

deut´lich, plain(ly), clear(ly).

clearly, plain(ly), clear(ly).

deutsch, German.

German, German.

Deut´sche(r), m. (pl. -[n]), German (a native of Germany).

German, m. (pl. -[n]), a person from Germany.

Deutsch(e), n., German (language).

German (language).

dich, (thee) you; dich selbst, yourself.

you; yourself.

dicht, thick, dense, fast; (adv.) close (-ly), immediately; immer dichter, faster and faster.

dense, thick, dense, quick; (adv.) close (-ly), right away; increasingly dense, faster and faster.

dick, thick, stout, corpulent; dense, heavy.

dick, thick, stout, overweight; dense, heavy.

dies, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

die´ser, die´se, die´ses, (or dies), this, that.

this, that.

Ding, n. (pl. -e), thing; guter Dinge sein, to be in high spirits, to be merry or cheerful.

Ding! n. (pl. -e), thing; alles gut sein to be in good spirits, to be happy or cheerful.

Dioan´dl (dialect.), n. = Mädchen, girl, lassie, sweetheart.

Dioan´dl (dialect.), n. = Mädchen, girl, lassie, darling.

dir (dative), (to thee), to you, you.

you (dative), (to you), to you, you.

do (dialect.) = da.

do (dialect.) = da.

doch, yet; after all, for all that, indeed; (with an imperative) please! pray!

but, however; after all, for all that, really; (with an imperative) please!

Dok´tor, m. (pl. Dokto´ren), doctor, physician.

Doctor, m. (pl. Doctors), doctor, physician.

dop´pelt, double; (adv.), twice as.

double; (adv.), twice as.

Dorf, n. (pl. -̈er), village; auf einem Dorfe, in a village.

Community, n. (pl. -s), a small community; in a town, in a village.

dort, there, at that point.

there, at that point.

dös (dialect.) = das, dies.

dös (dialect.) = this.

drauf´gehen (ging, gegangen), to be spent.

spent

drau´ßen, out there, without, outside, out of the room.

outdoors out there, without, outside, out of the room.

drei, three; dreien (dat.).

three, three; three (dat.).

d´rein (dialect.) = darin´, therein, within.

d´rein (dialect.) = darin´, in there, within.

drein´schauen, to look, to appear.

drein'schauen, to look, to appear.

drein´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look, to have a (healthy, etc.) face.

see (saw, seen)), to look, to have a (healthy, etc.) face.

drei´ßig, thirty; die Dreißig, age of thirty, the thirties.

30 thirty; the 1930s, age of thirty, the thirties.

drin´gend, pressing, urging; dringende Bitte, entreaty (to, an).

urgent, pressing, urging; urgent request, entreaty (to, to).

drit´te (der), third.

third

drol´lig, droll (drollingly), funny.

droll (drollingly), funny.

drü´ben, over there.

over there.

drü´cken, to press, to weigh down, to shake.

drücken to press, to weigh down, to shake.

drun´ten, down there.

drun´ten, down there.

du (thou), you.

you

Duft, m. (pl. -̈e), odor, vapor.

Fragrance, m. (pl. -̈e), scent, vapor.

dumm, silly, foolish.

dumb, silly, foolish.

dumpf, damp, close, dull, illiberal.

dull, stuffy, boring, closed-minded.

durch (accus.), through, by, by means of, on account of.

through (accus.), through, by, using, because of.

durch´kommen (kam, gekommen), to get along.

get by

durch´s = durch das.

through the.

durch´sichtig, transparent.

transparent.

durchzu´cken, to flash (to thrill) through.

durchzu´cken, to thrill through.

dür´fen (pres. t. darf, darfst, darf; dürfen, etc.), durfte, gedurft, to be allowed; ich darf wohl, I may be allowed.

can (present tense dare, dares, may; may etc.), durfte, gedurft to be allowed; I guess I'm allowed, I might be allowed.

E.

e´ben (adv.), just, just now; ebenso, just as; eben nicht, not exactly.

even (adv.), just, right now; likewise, just like; not really, not quite.

E´bene, f. (pl. -n), plain.

E´bene, f. (pl. -n), simple.

e´benfalls, likewise, also.

also, likewise.

E´cke, f. (pl. -n), (street-)corner.

corner

e´del (attrib. edler, edle, edles), noble, generous; exquisite.

edel (attrib. noble, noble, noble), noble, generous; exquisite.

eh´ = e´he.

eh´ = e´he.

e´he, before.

e´he, earlier.

E´heherr, m. (pl. -en) (humor.), wedded lord and master; spouse.

Partner, m. (pl. -en) (humor.), a married man; partner.

E´heleute, pl., married couple.

E´heleute, pl., married couple.

e´her, sooner, before, rather.

sooner, before, rather.

E´hestand, m., matrimony, married life.

E´hestand, m., marriage, married life.

ehr´bar, decorous, official.

respectable, proper, official.

Eh´re, f. (pl. -n), honor; zu Ehren (dat. sing.), in honor (of, dat.).

Respect, f. (pl. -s), respect; in recognition (dat. sing.), to honor (of, dat.).

eh´ren, to honor, to respect.

eh´ren, to honor, to respect.

eh´renhalber, for form’s sake.

eh´renhalber, for the sake of it.

eh´renwert, deserving honor.

honorable

Ehr´geselle, m. (pl. -n), groomsman.

groomsman

ehr´lich, honest; plain, old-fashioned.

honest; straightforward, traditional.

ei´gen, (one’s) own (= eigentümlich), strange, surprising, particular.

own (one’s) own (= weird), unusual, unexpected, specific.

ei´gentlich (adv.), really, in reality.

really, in reality.

ei´gentliche (der), original, true, real.

genuine (the), original, true, real.

Ei´le, f., hurry, haste; in aller Eile, post-haste, hurriedly.

Hey, f., rush, urgency; in a hurry, at breakneck speed, quickly.

ei´len, to hurry, to hasten.

to hurry, to hasten.

ein, ei´ne, ein, a, an; one.

one a, an; один.

einan´der, each other, one another; bei einander, together.

each other, each other; together, together.

ein´biegen (bog, gebogen), to bend in, to turn in.

turn (bent, bent), to bend in, to turn in.

Ei´ner, Ei´ne, Ei´nes or einer, eine, eines, one.

One, or one.

ein´fallen (fiel, gefallen), to occur (to one, dat.); mir fiel ein, it occurred to me.

come to mind (came, come), to come to mind (for someone, dat.); mir fiel auf, it came to mind.

ein´geboren, native.

native.

ein´geregnet (p.p.), detained (kept in) by the rain.

reigned in (p.p.), held back by the rain.

ein´geschneit (p.p.), snowed up, snow-bound.

snowed in, snow-bound.

einher´steigen (stieg, gestiegen), to step or walk along.

to step or walk along.

ei´niger, ei´nige, ei´niges, some, a little.

some, a little.

ei´nigermaßen, to some extent, ever so little, tolerably well.

somewhat, to some extent, a tiny bit, fairly well.

ein´laden (lud, geladen), to invite.

ein´laden (lud, geladen), to invite.

ein´leuchten (impers.), to be clear or obvious; es leuchtet mir ein, I see it clearly.

make sense (impers.), to be clear or obvious; I get it, I understand it clearly.

einmal´ (indef.), once, sometime, at times; je einmal, ever; nicht einmal, not even; noch einmal, once more, again; wieder einmal, once more; another, again.

once (indef.), once, at some point, sometimes; forever; not a single time; again, again; again; another time, once again.

ein´richten, to fit up, to furnish (a house); sich einrichten, to establish one’s self, to settle.

set up, to arrange, to furnish (a house); settle in, to establish oneself, to settle in.

eins, one thing, one thought; (in counting) one; eins sein, to agree.

one one thing, one thought; (in counting) one; to be united, to agree.

ein´schlagen (schlug, geschlagen), to shake hands (as a token of agreement).

to beat (beat, beaten), to shake hands (as a sign of agreement).

ein´schneien, to snow up, to bury in snow.

unplug, to snow in, to cover with snow.

ein´setzen, to begin (singing), to strike or chime in.

insert to start (singing), to hit or join in.

Ein´siedler, m. (pl. ), hermit.

hermit

einst, once, in time past, in olden times.

once once, in the past, in ancient times.

ein´stens (obsol.), in time past, formerly, in by-gone days.

once (outdated), in the past, previously, in earlier times.

ein´treten (trat, getreten), to step in, to enter.

to enter (entered, entered), to step in, to enter.

ein´zelne (der), different.

individual (the), different.

ein´zige (der), (the) only, sole, single, one.

only), (the) only, sole, single, one.

Eis, n., ice; glacier.

Ice, n., ice; glacier.

eis´hart, hard as ice.

eis´hart, as tough as ice.

Eis´schrunde, f. (pl. -n), crevice in the (glacier-) ice.

Iceschrunde, f. (pl. -n), crack in the (glacier-) ice.

Ei´senbahn, f. (pl. -en), railroad.

Railroad, f. (pl. -en).

Ei´senbahncoupé, n. (pl. -s), railway-car, railway-compartment.

Railway compartment, n. (pl. -s), railway-car.

Ei´senbahnstation, f. (pl. -en), railroad-station.

Train station, f. (pl. -en), railroad station.

ei´sern, of iron; unwearied.

iron; tireless.

elegant´, elegant(ly), fashionable (-bly).

stylish, elegantly, fashionable

elektrisie´ren, to electrify.

electrify, to electrify.

El´sa (or Elsbeth), Alice.

Elsa (or Elsbeth), Alice.

El´se, same as Elsa.

Else, same as Elsa.

El´ster, f. (pl. -n), pie, magpie; geschwätzige Elster, regular magpie.

El´ster, f. (pl. -n), magpie; geschwätzige Elster, chatterbox magpie.

El´tern, pl. parents.

Parents, pl. parents.

El´ternhaus, n. paternal roof, parental home.

Elternhaus, n. family home, parental home.

empfan´gen (empfing, empfangen), to receive.

empfan´gen (empfing, empfangen), to receive.

En´de, n. (pl. -n), end; am Ende, at the end, after all; zu Ende sein, to have come to a close.

Finish, n. (pl. -s), end; at the end, after everything; to be done, to have come to a close.

en´den, to end, to come to an end, to terminate.

end, to finish, to reach a conclusion, to stop.

end´lich, at last, finally.

finally

Eng´länder, m. (pl. ), Englishman.

Englishman.

eng´lisch, English, English style; auf englisch, in English.

English, English, English style; in English, in English.

Eng´lisch(e), n. English (language).

English (language).

englisiert´ (or anglisiert), anglicized.

anglicized

Entde´ckungsreise, f. (pl. -n), exploring expedition, reconnoitring.

Exploration trip, f. (pl. -n), exploring expedition, reconnaissance.

entflie´hen (entfloh, entflohen), to escape, to go, to leave.

flee (fled, fled), to get away, to go, to leave.

entge´gendringen (drang, gedrungen), to come towards, to float towards, to reach.

entge´gendringen (push, pushed)), to move towards, to float towards, to reach.

entgeg´nen, to rejoin.

to rejoin.

entrin´nen (entrann, entronnen), to escape, to run away (from, dat.).

entrin'en (entrann, entronnen), to escape, to run away (from, dat.).

entschie´den (p.p.), decided(ly), firm(ly), positive(ly).

decidedly, firmly, positively.

entschla´fen (entschlief, entschlafen), to pass away, to close one’s eyes, to breathe one’s last.

fall asleep (fell asleep, fallen asleep)), to pass away, to close one’s eyes, to breathe one’s last.

entschul´digen, to excuse; sich entschuldigen, to apologize (for, wegen [über]).

entschul'digen, to excuse; sich entschuldigen, to apologize (for, wegen [über]).

entschwin´den (entschwand, entschwunden), to vanish (from, dat.).

entschwin´den (entschwand, entschwunden), to disappear (from, dat.).

Entzün´dung, f. (pl. -en), inflammation.

Inflammation.

er, he, it.

er, he, it.

er´ben, to inherit (from, von).

inherit (from, von)

erfas´sen, to take hold of, to seize, to attack.

erfassen, to grasp, to seize, to confront.

erfreu´en, sich, to enjoy (something, an etwas).

to enjoy (something, an etwas).

erhal´ten (erhielt, erhalten), to get, to receive, to obtain; to support, to maintain.

receive (received, received)), to get, to receive, to obtain; to support, to maintain.

erho´len, sich, to recover.

recover.

Erin´nerung, f. (pl. -en), recollection, associations.

Memory, f. (pl. -en), recollection, associations.

erja´gen, to get, to obtain.

erja´gen, to receive, to acquire.

erkran´ken, to be taken ill.

to get sick.

erlas´sen (erließ, erlassen), to excuse one (dat.) from, zu.

erlassen (issued, granted)), to excuse someone (dat.) from, zu.

erlau´ben, to allow, to permit; sich etwas erlauben, to take (liberties).

allow, to allow, to permit; do something for oneself, to take (liberties).

erle´ben, to experience, to pass through.

erle´ben, to experience, to go through.

ernst, stern(ly), solemn(ly).

serious, stern, solemn

errei´chen, to reach.

errei´chen, to reach.

erschei´nen (erschien, erschienen), to appear, to make the appearance, to attend (something, auf).

show up (showed up, shown up)), to show up, to make an appearance, to attend (something, at).

erschlie´ßen (erschloß, erschlossen), to open, to disclose.

open up (opened, opened)), to open, to reveal.

erschre´cken, to startle, to alarm.

startle, alarm.

erschre´cken (erschrak, erschrocken; imperat., erschrick!) to be alarmed.

to be alarmed.

erschüt´tern, to shatter, to weaken.

shatter, to break, to weaken.

erst (adv.), only, not more than, but, still, yet, as yet.

first (adv.), only, no more than, but, still, yet, so far.

Erstau´nen, n., astonishment, surprise.

Astonishment, n., surprise.

er´ste (der), first, former, next.

first, former, next.

er´sterer, er´stere, er´steres, the former.

the former.

erwa´chen, to be awakened or aroused.

erwa´chen, to be awakened or aroused.

erwir´ken, to procure.

procure

erzäh´len, to tell, to relate, to report.

tell, to tell, to relate, to report.

erzie´hen (erzog, erzogen), to raise, to bring up, to educate.

raise (raised, raised)), to raise, to bring up, to educate.

es, it; there.

es, it; there.

es´sen (aß, gegessen), to eat.

essen (ass, eaten), to eat.

Es´sig m., vinegar; in Essig, seasoned with vinegar.

Es´sig m., vinegar; in Essig, vinegar seasoned.

et´liche, some, several, a few.

et´liche, some, several, a few.

et´was, somewhat, something, rather; so etwas, something similar, something like; sonst etwas, anything else.

it was, somewhat, something, rather; such a thing, something similar, something like; anything else, anything else.

Euch (in address), to you, you.

to you

Exem´pel, n. (pl. ), example, instance; zum Exempel, for instance.

Example, n. (pl. ), example, instance; for example, for instance.

Experiment´, n. (pl. -e), experiment.

Experiment, n. (pl. -e), experiment.

Ex´trageschenk, n. (pl. -e), extra-pay.

Ex´trageschenk, n. (pl. -e), bonus.

F.

fah´ren (fuhr, gefahren), to ride, to drive; to run, to come, to fall, to flash through, to come across; es fuhr ihm in die Glieder, terror thrilled through his limbs.

fahren (driving, to drive)), to ride, to drive; to run, to come, to fall, to flash through, to come across; es flowed through his limbs, fear surged through his body.

Fahrt, f. (pl. -en), drive, ride, run.

Drive, ride, run.

fal´len (fiel, gefallen), to fall, to fall in, to rush in, to make a descent on; sauer fallen, to cost great pain.

fall (fell, fallen), to fall, to drop in, to rush in, to make a descent on; sour fallen, to cause great pain.

fall´n (dialect.) = fallen, to fall.

fall´n (dialect.) = fallen, to fall.

falsch, false, treacherous.

false, treacherous.

Fami´lie, f. (pl. -n), family.

Family.

fan´gen (fing, gefangen), to catch.

catch.

fängt an, see anfangen.

starts __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

fas´sen, to catch, to take; sich fassen, to compose or collect one’s self.

fas'sen, to catch, to take; get a grip, to compose or collect oneself.

fast, almost, nearly.

quick, almost, nearly.

feh´len (= fehlgehen), to miss one’s way.

feh´len (= fehlgehen), to lose one's way.

fehl´treffen (traf, getroffen), to miss the mark.

miss, to fail to hit the target.

fei´ern, to celebrate, to solemnize.

fei´ern, to celebrate, to honor.

fein, fine(ly), pure(ly), elegant(ly); fein Obacht, great or close care; vom feinsten, of the best quality.

cool, finely, purely, elegantly; great be careful, great or very careful; top-notch quality, of the best quality.

Feld, n. (pl. -er), field.

Field, n. (pl. -ers), field.

Fen´ster, n. (pl. ), window.

Fen´ster, n. (pl. ), window.

Fe´rien, pl., vacation; die großen Ferien, summer vacation.

Fe´rien, pl., vacation; die großen Ferien, summer break.

fern, far (from, von).

distant, far (from, von).

Fe´rne, f., distance; in der Ferne, at a distance.

Distance, f., distance; from afar.

fer´tig, ready, done; fertig bringen, to bring about, to be able to do.

done, ready, done; fertig machen, to bring about, to be able to do.

Fer´tigkeit, f., skill, perfectness.

Fer´tigkeit, f., skill, perfection.

fest, fast, firm, firmly established, secure.

fest, fast, firm, well-established, secure.

fest´geschneestöbert, p.p., (humor.), snowed up, snow-bound.

snowed in

fest´halten (hielt, gehalten), to hold fast, to arrest.

hold fast (held, held), to grip tightly, to stop.

fett, fat, thick, bold; mit dem fettesten Pinsel, with the boldest touches of the pencil.

bold, thick, heavy, intense; with the boldest brush strokes, with the boldest touches of the pencil.

feucht, moist.

moist.

Feu´erleiter, f. (pl. -n), fire-ladder.

fire ladder

Fie´berphantasie, f. (pl. -en), hallucination.

Fever dream, hallucination.

fiel ... ein, see einfallen.

field ... one, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Finanz´mittel, pl., pecuniary resources, means, funds.

Funding, pl., financial resources, means, funds.

fin´den (fand, gefunden), to find, to discover; sich finden, to find one another, to be found; es findet sich, time will show.

find (found, found)), to find, to discover; find oneself, to find each other, to be found; it can be found, time will reveal.

find´t (dialect.) = findet.

find’t (dialect) = finds.

fing an, see anfangen.

Ghosting, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

fin´gen an, see anfangen.

find it, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

fin´ster, dark, somber; immer finsterer, darker and darker.

dark, gloomy; getting darker and darker.

Flach´land, n. (pl. -̈er), flat land, lowland, plain.

Flachland, n. (pl. -̈er), flat land, lowland, plain.

Flachs, m., flax.

Flax

flachs´köpfig, flaxen-haired.

flachs´köpfig, blonde.

flam´men, to glow, to burn.

flam´men, to shine, to burn.

Fla´sche, f. (pl. -n), (wine-) bottle.

bottle

Flat´terhaftigkeit, f., fickleness, unstability.

Flat´terhaftigkeit, f., fickleness, instability.

flat´tern, to flatter, to rave, to float.

flatten, to compliment, to praise, to float.

flat´terte hinü´ber, see hinüberflattern.

flattered over, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

flech´ten (flocht, geflochten), sich, to be twisted, to be interwoven or entwined.

flech´ten (flocht, geflochten), to twist, to be woven or intertwined.

Flech´tenmoos, n. (pl. -e), lichens and tree-moss.

Flechtenmoos, n. (pl. -e), lichens and tree moss.

Fleisch, n., flesh.

Meat, n., flesh.

Fleiß, m., industry, application, zeal; eiserner Fleiß, unwearied application.

Hard work m., hard work, commitment, enthusiasm; persistent effort, tireless effort.

Flie´ge, f. (pl. -n), fly.

Flie´ge, f. (pl. -n), fly.

flie´gen (flog, geflogen), to fly; to rush.

fly), to fly; to rush.

flim´mern, to glimmer, to twinkle.

flim'ern, to glimmer, to twinkle.

flott, gay, dashing.

awesome, gay, stylish.

flüch´ten, sich, to escape, to take refuge.

flüch´ten, sich, to flee, to seek shelter.

fol´gen, to follow, to imitate; folgend, following, next.

fol´gen, to follow, to mimic; folgend, following, next.

Forst´frevel, m. (pl. ), trespass on vert and venison; poaching.

Forstfrevel, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you'd like me to modernize.), illegal hunting of game and wildlife; poaching.

fort, away, off, gone, absent, out of town; fort! away! go! leave!

gone, away, off, absent, out of town; gone! away! go! leave!

fort´fahren (fuhr, gefahren), to continue.

continue

fort´gehen (ging, gegangen), to leave, to depart.

fort´gehen (went, gone)), to leave, to depart.

fort´kommen (kam, gekommen), to come or get away, to get on.

fort´kommen (came, come), to come or escape, to advance.

fort´machen (colloq.), to continue.

fort'machen (colloq.), to keep going.

fort´wandern, to wander away or off.

to wander away or off.

Fra´ge, f. (pl. -n), question, inquiry.

Question, f. (pl. -n), question, inquiry.

fra´gen, to ask, to inquire, to examine.

questions, to ask, to inquire, to look into.

Franz, Francis; Franz Joseph, Francis Joseph.

Franz, Francis; Franz Joseph, Francis Joseph.

Franzo´se, m. (pl. -n), Frenchman.

Francois, m. (pl. -n), Frenchman.

Frau, f. (pl. -en), woman, (young) wife, lady.

Woman, f. (pl. -en), woman, (young) wife, lady.

Frau´chen, n. (pl. ), pretty (young) wife.

Frau´chen, n. (pl. ), cute (young) wife.

Fräu´lein, n. (pl. ), young lady, maid, miss, Miss; altes Fräulein, old maid.

Miss, n. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), young woman, maid, miss, Ms.; single woman older unmarried woman.

frei, free; das Freie, outdoors, open air.

free; outdoors, open air.

frei´en, to make love to, to marry.

free, to hook up with, to get married.

Frei´heit, f. (pl. -en), liberty, license.

Freedom, f. (pl. -s), liberty, license.

frei´lich, is it true, sure enough, indeed; ja freilich, yes, indeed!

Sure, it's true, absolutely, indeed; yeah, definitely, yes, indeed!

fremd, strange; bei fremden Leuten, in the house of strangers; fremd thun, to act like a stranger.

weird, unfamiliar; with new people, in the homes of strangers; to act like a stranger, to behave like someone unfamiliar.

Frem´de(r), m. (pl. [-n]), stranger.

stranger

Freu´de, f. (pl. -n), joy, pleasure, amusement.

Joy, f. (pl. -n), joy, pleasure, amusement.

freuen, sich, to rejoice (in, genit.), to be pleased (with, genit.), to look forward with pleasure (to, auf).

happy, excited, to celebrate (in, genit.), to enjoy (with, genit.), to anticipate happily (to, on).

Freund, m. (pl. -e), friend.

Friend, m. (pl. -s), friend.

Freun´din, f. (pl. -nen), (lady) friend.

Friend, f. (pl. -nen), (lady) friend.

freund´lich, kindly, courteous(ly).

kindly, courteous(ly).

Freund´schaftsband, n., band (or tie) of friendship.

Friendship bracelet

frisch, fresh, cool, lively, brisk(ly), dashing(ly), fresh(ly), new(ly); frisch gelaufene Blasen an den Füßen, feet blistered with walking.

new, fresh, cool, lively, briskly, dashing, freshly, newly; blisters on the feet from walking, feet blistered from walking.

froh, glad, happy.

happy

fröh´lich, gay(ly), merry (-ily).

happy, cheerful, joyful

früh (adv.), early, early in the morning.

early (adv.), early, in the early morning.

frü´her, former(ly); von früher, from a former occasion.

earlier, former(ly); from earlier, from a former occasion.

fühl´ = fühle.

feel = feel.

füh´len, to feel, to consider; sich fühlen, to feel; ein fühlendes Herz, a tender or sympathizing heart.

feel, to feel, to think about; feel to feel; a feeling heart, a kind or compassionate heart.

fuh´ren hinauf´, see hinauffahren.

send up, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

fuh´ren ... hinein´, see hineinfahren.

lead ... inside, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Füh´rer, m. (pl. ), guide.

Leader, m. (pl. ), guide.

fünf, five.

five

fünf´zehn, fifteen.

fifteen.

fun´keln, to sparkle, to flash.

fun´keln, to shine, to flash.

für (accus.), for.

for.

Fu´scherthal, n., Fusch Valley, valley of the river Fusch in the Eastern Alps.

Fu'scherthal, n., Fusch Valley, the valley of the Fusch River in the Eastern Alps.

Fuß, m. (pl. -̈e), foot, leg, (sing. collect.) feet.

Foot, m. (pl. -̈e), foot, leg, (sing. collect.) feet.

Fuß´sohle, f. (pl. -n), sole of the foot, foot.

Foot Sole, f. (pl. -s), bottom of the foot, foot.

Fux (dialect.) m. = Fuchs, fox.

Fux (dialect.) m. = Fuchs, fox.

G.

ganz, whole (wholly), entire(ly), complete(ly), altogether; nicht so ganz übel (colloq.), not amiss.

totally, whole (totally), complete(ly), entirely; not so bad (slang), not too bad.

gar, very, very much, at all; gar nicht, not at all.

seriously, a whole lot, at all; not at all, not at all.

Gar´ten, m. (pl. ), garden.

Garden, m. (pl. ), garden.

Gas´se, f. (pl. -n), street.

Gas, street.

Gast, m. (pl. -̈e), guest, visitor.

guest, visitor.

Gastein´, f., Gastein Valley.

Gastein Valley.

Gast´haus, n. (pl. -̈er), inn.

Guesthouse, n. (pl. -̈er), inn.

Gast´hof, m. (pl. -̈e), inn, hotel.

Inn, m. (pl. -̈e), hotel.

ge´ben (gab, gegeben), to give; es giebt, there is, there are.

give (gave, given), to give; there is there is, there are.

ge´ben’s (dialect.) = geben Sie!

ge´ben’s (dialect.) = give it!

gebor´gen (p.p.), safe, secure.

born, safe, secure.

Gedan´ken, m. (pl. ), thought, idea.

Thoughts, m. (pl. ), thought, idea.

geden´ken (gedachte, gedacht), to think (of doing, etc.), to have a mind (to, zu), to remember (something, genit.).

remembering (thought, thought), to think (about doing, etc.), to have in mind (to, zu), to recall (something, genit.).

Gedicht´, n. (pl. -e), poem.

Poem, n. (pl. -e), poem.

gefähr´lich, dangerous.

dangerous.

gefal´len (gefiel, gefallen), to please (one, dat.).

gefal´len (gefiel, gefallen), to please (someone, dat.).

Gefal´len, m., favor.

Favor, m., favor.

Gefol´ge, n., train; im Gefolge, followed by.

Followings, n., train; in the followings, followed by.

Gefühl´, n. (pl. -e), feeling, consciousness.

Feeling, n. (pl. -s), feeling, consciousness.

ge´gen (accus.), against; towards, to.

against; towards, to.

Ge´gend, f. (pl. -en), (adjacent) part of the country, neighborhood.

Genders, f. (pl. -en), (adjacent) part of the country, neighborhood.

ge´genseitig (adv.), mutually, to each other.

mutually, to each other.

gegenü´ber (dat.), opposite to, over the way, in front of, in face of; in presence of, in the face of.

opposite (dat.), across from, on the other side, in front of, facing; in the presence of, in the face of.

Ge´genvorstellung, f. (pl. -en), remonstrance.

Counter-suggestion, f. (pl. -en), remonstrance.

gehal´ten (p.p.), staid, grave.

gehal´ten (p.p.), serious, solemn.

Geheim´nis, n. (pl. -se), secret.

Secret, n. (pl. -s), secret.

ge´hen (ging, gegangen), to go, to come, to walk, to pass, to travel.

go (went, gone), to go, to come, to walk, to pass, to travel.

gehö´ren, to belong (to, dat.); dazu gehören zwei, it requires two (participants); gehört in (dialect.) = gehört dem.

belong, to belong (to, dative); includes two, it requires two (participants); belongs in (dialect) = belongs to.

gehö´rig, due (duly), thorough(ly).

properly, due (duly), thoroughly.

Geist, m., mind, mind’s eye, soul.

Geist, m., mind, imagination, spirit.

geist´voll, full of spirit, intelligent.

spirited, full of spirit, intelligent.

Geld, n. (pl. -er), money; "gold," (Longfellow).

Money, n. (pl. -ies), cash; "gold," (Longfellow).

Geld´beutel, m. (pl. ), purse, money-bag.

wallet

gele´gen, see liegen.

gelegen, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Gele´genheit, f. (pl. -en), occasion; bei Gelegenheit, at (on) the occasion, in cases.

Opportunity, f. (pl. -en), opportunity; when the opportunity arises, on the occasion, in certain situations.

gelei´ten, to accompany, to conduct.

gelei´ten, to guide, to lead.

geliebt´ (p.p.), beloved.

beloved.

gelit´ten, see leiden.

glistening, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

gel´ten (galt, gegolten), to mean, to concern; es gilt ein Leben, a life is at stake.

apply (applied, applied)), to mean, to concern; it’s a life, a life is at stake.

gemein´sam, common(ly), mutual(ly).

together, common(ly), mutual(ly).

Gems´bart m. (pl. -̈e), chamois-beard, chamois-hair rosette.

Gems´bart m. (pl. -̈e), chamois beard, chamois hair rosette.

Gems´bock, m. (pl. -̈e), chamois-buck.

Gemsbok, m. (pl. -̈e), chamois buck.

Gems´jäger, m. (pl. ), chamois-hunter.

Gemsjäger, (pl. —), chamois hunter.

genau´, close(ly), particular(ly).

exactly, close(ly), particularly.

geneigt´ (p.p.), esteemed; gentle, courteous.

geneigt´ (p.p.), respected; kind, polite.

Gene´sung, f., recovery, convalescence.

Gene´sung, f., recovery, healing.

genug´, enough, plentiful(ly); schön genug, good enough.

genug´, enough, plentiful(ly); schön genug, good enough.

Geplau´der, n., prattle, (small) talk.

Chatter, n., prattle, (small) talk.

gera´de (adv.), just, exactly; geradeso, just as.

gerade (adv.), just, exactly; geradeso, just like that.

gera´ten (geriet, geraten), to come or get into.

gera´ten (geriet, geraten), to fall into.

gerin´ge (der), little, small.

gerin´ge (der), tiny, small.

gern(e), with all one’s heart, to like to; gern haben, to like; möchte gern wissen, should like to know.

sure, with all one’s heart, to like to; to vibe; I'd like to know, should like to know.

Gesang´, m. (pl. -̈e), song, singing.

Song, m. (pl. -̈e), song, singing.

Geschäft´, n. (pl. -e), occupation, affair.

Business, n. (pl. -e), occupation, affair.

gesche´hen (geschah, geschehen), to happen (to, dat.), to occur, to take place.

happened (happened, occurred), to happen (to, dat.), to occur, to take place.

gescheit´, prudent.

smart, prudent.

Geschenk´, n. (pl. -e), present, gift, donation.

Gift, n. (pl. -s), present, donation.

Geschich´te, f. (pl. -n), story, tale.

story, tale

Geschoß´, n. (pl. -e), projectile, shot, ball, bullet.

Projectile n. (pl. -s), shot, ball, bullet.

geschwä´tzig, talkative, garrulous.

chatty, talkative, garrulous.

geschwei´gen (defective verb), not to mention; geschweige (imperat. as adv.) denn, not to mention, to say nothing of, = much less.

welded (defective verb), not to mention; let alone (imperat. as adv.) denn, not to mention, to say nothing of, = much less.

Geschwi´ster, pl., brothers and sisters.

Siblings, pl., brothers and sisters.

Gesel´le, m. (pl. -n), journeyman.

Geselle, m. (pl. -n), journeyman.

Gesell´schaft, f. (pl. -en), society, race, company.

Gesell´schaft, f. (pl. -en), society, race, group.

Gesicht´, n. (pl. -er), face; ein verzweifeltes Gesicht machen, to look desperate or hopeless; am Gesicht ansehen, to read from one’s face.

Face, n. (pl. -es), face; to make a worried face, to look desperate or hopeless; to see on the surface, to read from one’s face.

gesinnt´ (p.p.), disposed.

disposed.

Gespie´lin, f. (pl. -nen), friend (companion or playmate) of one’s youth.

Gespie´lin, f. (pl. -nen), a friend (companion or playmate) from one’s youth.

Gespräch´, n. (pl. -e), conversation.

Conversation, n. (pl. -en), conversation.

Gestalt´, f. (pl. -en), figure, personality, person, man.

Gestalt, f. (pl. -en), figure, personality, person, man.

gestat´ten, to permit, to allow; es ist mir mehr gestattet, I enjoy more liberty, I am more independent.

gestalt, to permit, to allow; it is more permitted for me, I have more freedom, I am more independent.

geste´hen (gestand, gestanden), to confess, to make a clean breast.

admit (admitted, admitted), to confess, to come clean.

Gestö´ber, n., snow-storm.

snowstorm

gestreng´, grave, severe.

stern, serious, severe.

gesund´, sound.

healthy, sound.

Gesund´heit, f., health.

Health, f., health.

Gesund´heitszustand, m., state of health.

Health status, m.,

gethan´, see thun.

gethan', __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

gewe´sen, see auxil. sein.

been, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Gewis´sen, n., conscience; aufs Gewissen, in conscience.

Conscience, n., conscience; in good conscience, in conscience.

gewiß´, certainly, apparently, it seems; ganz gewiß, most assuredly.

Definitely, definitely, it seems; totally sure, most definitely.

gewöh´nen, sich, to get used or accustomed (to, an).

get used or accustomed (to, an).

gewohnt´ (p.p.), wont, accustomed; gewohnt sein, to be in the habit.

used to (p.p.), used to, accustomed; accustomed to, to be in the habit.

gewor´den, see werden.

become, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

g’fähr´lich (dialect.) = gefährlich.

dangerous (dialect.) = gefährlich.

g’hört´ (dialect.) = gehört, belongs; g’hört dein = gehört dir.

heard (dialect.) = belongs to, belongs; g’hört dein = belongs to you.

gin´gen ... ü´ber, see übergehen.

gin´gen ... over, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Glacé´handschuh, m. (pl. -e), kid-glove.

Gloved hands, m. (pl. -e), kid-glove.

Glanz, m., lustre, brilliancy.

Glanz, m., shine, brilliance.

glän´zen, to glisten.

glisten

Glas, n. (pl. -̈er), glass.

Glass, n. (pl. -̈es), glass.

glau´ben, to believe, to think, to consider; glauben an, to believe in.

believe, to believe, to think, to consider; believe in, to believe in.

glei (dialect.) = gleich (adv.), at once, in a hurry.

gley (dialect.) = equal (adv.), right away, in a rush.

gleich (adj.), like, alike, same, equal (to, dat.); (adv.) at once, immediately, on shortest notice; (conj. = obgleich), although, though.

identical (adj.), like, similar, identical, equal (to, dat.); (adv.) right away, immediately, at a moment's notice; (conj. = although), although, though.

gleich´gekleidet, dressed in like manner.

dressed the same, dressed in like manner.

Glet´scher, m. (pl. ), glacier.

Glacier, m. (pl. ), glacier.

Glied, n. (pl. -er), limb; es fuhr ihm in die Glieder, terror thrilled through his limbs.

Limbs, n. (pl. -s), limb; it hit him in the arms and legs, terror raced through his body.

glück´lich, happy, felicitous.

happy, joyful.

glü´hen, to glow.

glow.

gnä´dig, gracious; gnädiger Herr! Mylord! Your Honor! der gnädige Herr, the gentleman.

kind, gracious; gracious man! My lord! Your Honor! the kind gentleman, the gentleman.

Gold, n., gold.

Gold, n., gold.

gol´den, golden; most convenient.

golden; most convenient.

Gold´orange (French), f., (pl. -n), gold-orange.

Gold Orange (French), f., (pl. -n), gold-orange.

Gott, God, the Lord.

God, the Lord.

grad (dialect.) = gerade, just so, quite so.

grad (dialect.) = gerade, exactly, totally.

Gram, m., grief; aus Gram, with grief.

Gram, m., grief; aus Gram, in grief.

gräm´lich, sullen, sulky, morose.

grumpy, sullen, sulky, morose.

gram´voll, sorrowful, aggrieved, grief-stricken.

gram´voll, sorrowful, aggrieved, grief-stricken.

grau, gray, of gray material; gray-haired.

gray, made of gray material; gray-haired.

grau´en, to dawn; der Tag graut, it dawns.

dawning, to dawn; the day is dawning, it dawns.

grau´sam, cruel, horrid.

terrible, cruel, horrific.

grei´fen (griff, gegriffen), to grasp, to catch (at, nach).

grabbing (grabbed, grabbed)), to grasp, to catch (at, nach).

grob´geschnitzt (p.p.), roughly carved.

roughly carved.

groß, great, large, big, tall, long.

great, large, big, tall, long.

grün, green.

green.

grün´den, to establish.

grün´den, to set up.

Grund´gewalt, f. (pl. -en), fundamental power.

Fundamental power, f. (pl. -en).

gru´selig, shuddering (at, vor), dreadful (over, vor).

creepy, shuddering (at, before), dreadful (over, before).

grü´ßen, to greet, to salute.

greet, salute.

gu´cken (colloq.), to look, to peep; guck mal! just look there!

watch (colloq.), to look, to peek; look! just take a look there!

Gul´den, m. (pl. ), "gulden," florin (= 50 Americ. cents); ihre Gulden und Kreuzer, their silver- and copper-coins or their change.

Gold, m. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text for modernization.), "gulden," florin (equivalent to 50 American cents); your guilders and kreuzers, their silver and copper coins or their change.

Gut, n. (pl. -̈er), (collect.) "goods" (Longfellow).

Good, n. (pl. -̈er), (collect.) "goods" (Longfellow).

gut, good (well); es gut haben, to have a nice time of it; gut gehen, to come or pass off smoothly; gut thun, to do good, to be good; koan gut (dialect.), no good.

great, good (well); to have fun, to have a nice time of it; to go smoothly, to come or pass off smoothly; do good, to do good, to be good; not good (dialect.), no good.

H.

ha! (interj.), ha! hah! ah!

ha! (interj.), ha! haha! ah!

ha´ben (hatte, gehabt), auxil. verb, to have.

have (had, had), auxil. verb, to have.

ha´ben’s (dialect.) = haben Sie.

ha´ben’s (dialect.) = have you.

ha´ger, haggard, thin; slender, lank.

haggard, thin; slender, lank.

halb, half, semi-.

half, semi-.

halb´laut, in an undertone.

in a low voice.

halb´verlegen (p.p.), somewhat embarrassed, slightly perplexed.

half-embarrassed, slightly perplexed.

Halm, m. (pl. -e), straw.

Halm, straw.

Hals, m. (pl. -̈e), neck.

Neck, m. (pl. -̈e), neck.

halt (adv. explet.), you know, you see, I think.

wait a sec (adv. explet.), you know, you see, I think.

hal´ten (hielt, gehalten), to hold or take (for, für); fest halten, to hold fast.

halt (held, held), to hold or take (for, for); keep celebrating to hold firmly.

Ham´pelmann, m. (colloq.), a toy-figure ("harlequin") whose limbs jerk with a string, a "quocker-wodger."

Ham'pelmann, m. (colloq.), a toy figure ("harlequin") whose limbs move with a string, a "quocker-wodger."

Hand, f. (pl. -̈e), hand, arm; Einem die Hand geben, to marry one; bei der Hand, at hand, ready.

Hand f. (pl. -̈e), hand, arm; Einem die Hand schütteln, to get married; by the hand, on hand, ready.

han´deln, to act.

han´deln, to take action.

han´gen (hing, gehangen), to hang, to be suspended.

hang, to hang, to be suspended.

hän´gen (for hangen, hing, gehangen), to hang; hängen lassen (ließ, gelassen), to hang (to droop) one’s head.

(from hanged, hung, hung), to hang; hanging out (chill, relaxed), to let one's head hang (to droop).

Hans, John, Johnny.

Hans, John, Johnny.

hat´te, hat´ten, see auxil. haben.

had, had, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

hät´te, hät´ten, should or would or could have, might have.

should or would or could have, might have.

Haupt, n. (pl. -̈er), head.

Main, n. (pl. -̈er), head.

Haupt´thür(e), f. (pl. -en), main door.

main door

Haus, n. (pl. -̈er), house; nach Hause, home (adv.); von Hause, from home; zu Hause, at home.

Home, noun (plural -̈s), house; to home, home (adverb); from home, from home; at home, at home.

hau´sen, to reside.

hau´sen, to live.

Haus´hälterin, f. (pl. -nen), housekeeper.

housekeeper

Haus´haltung, f. (pl. -en), household.

household

häus´lich, domestic; sich häuslich niederlassen, to settle down.

häus´lich, domestic; sich häuslich niederlassen, to settle down.

he´da! (interj.), hoy! hoay! say! you there!

Hey! (interj.), today! come on! say! you there!

hef´ten, sich, to be attached (to, an), to be connected (with, an).

hefting, oneself, to be attached (to, an), to be connected (with, an).

hef´tig, violent, severe.

intense, violent, severe.

Heim, n. home.

Home, n. home.

heim, home; (= heim´gehen), to go home.

home; (= to go home).

hei´misch, native, national; comfortable(-bly), at home.

heimsuch, native, national; cozy, at home.

Hei´rat, f. (pl. -en), marriage.

Hei´rat, f. (pl. -en), marriage.

hei´raten, to marry.

heiraten, to marry.

hei´ßen (hieß, geheißen), to be called or named; wie heißen Sie? what is your name?

to be called (was called, been called), to be called or named; What’s your name? what is your name?

hei´ter, cheerful.

Heiter, joyful.

hel´fen (half, geholfen), to help, to send help, to assist (one, dat.).

helfen (half, geholfen), to help, to provide assistance, to support (someone, dat.).

hell, bright, clear, shrill.

hell, bright, clear, loud.

her, here, hither; hin und her, hither and thither, one way and the other; von ... her, from.

her, here, to this place; back and forth, back and forth, one way and the other; from her, from.

herauf´, up; hier herauf, up here; von ... herauf, up here from.

herauf, up; hier herauf, up here; von ... up, up here from.

herauf´kommen (kam, gekommen), to come up.

come up

heraus´, out; aus ... heraus, out from.

heraus, out; aus ... heraus, out from.

heraus´flattern, to flutter or wave (from, aus).

flutter, or wave (from, aus).

heraus´jagen, to drive or turn out (outdoors); to rouse.

chase away, to drive or turn out (outside); to wake up.

heraus´rücken, to come out (with, mit), to speak one’s mind freely.

herausrücken to come out (with, mit), to speak one's mind openly.

herbei´bringen (brachte, gebracht), to bring forward, to produce.

herbeibringen (brachte, gebracht)), to bring forth, to produce.

Her´berge, f. (pl. -n), inn, public house.

Herberge, f. (pl. -n), inn, pub.

herein´, herein, in(to); herein! come in!

herein´, here, in(to); herein! come in!

herein´kommen (kam, gekommen), to come in, to enter.

join us (came, come), to come in, to enter.

herein´treten (trat, getreten), to step or walk in, to enter.

enter (entered, entered)), to step or walk in, to enter.

her´flackern, to flare or flicker hither; hin- und herflackern, to flicker one way and the other.

her flicker, to flare or flicker back and forth; hin- und herflackern, to flicker in both directions.

her´kommen (kam, gekommen), to come or hail (from, von), to arise (from, von), to be caused (by, von).

come, to come or hail (from, from), to arise (from, from), to be caused (by, by).

Herr, m. (pl. -en), master, owner, employer, lord, gentleman, Mr.; Herr Professor, Professor; Herr Assessor! Assessor! Herr Wirt! Landlord! gnädiger Herr! My Lord! der gnädige Herr, the gentleman.

Mr. m. (pl. -en), master, owner, employer, lord, gentleman, Mr.; Professor, Professor; Evaluator! Assessor! Landlord! Landlord! My Lord! My Lord! the guy. the gentleman.

Her´renstube, f. (pl. -n), travellers’-room, inn-parlor.

Her´renstube, f. (pl. -n), travelers’ room, inn parlor.

herr´lich, splendid, magnificent, delightful.

awesome, splendid, magnificent, delightful.

Herr´n = Herren, pl.

Herr = Herren, pl.

Herr´schaften, pl. ladies and gentlemen.

Ladies and gentlemen.

herr´schaftlich, belonging to a man of high standing; ein Bedienter in herrschaftlichem Kleide, footman in livery.

noble belonging to a man of high status; a servant in fancy clothes, footman in formal dress.

her´stellen, to make, to manufacture.

make, manufacture

herum´, round, about; um ... herum, just around.

around; just around.

herum´tragen (trug, getragen), to carry about.

herum´tragen (trug, getragen), to carry around.

herum´treiben (trieb, getrieben), sich, to rove (to gad) about.

herumtreiben, to wander around.

herun´terschauen, to look down.

look down.

herun´tersingen (sang, gesungen), to sing from the first to the last verse.

heruntersingen (sang, sung)), to sing from the start to the end of the song.

herun´tersinken (sank, gesunken), to be degraded.

herun´tersinken (sank, gesunken), to be brought down.

hervor´schauen, to look out (from, aus).

look out (from, aus).

hervor´treten (trat, getreten), to come forward (with, mit), to betray plainly (something, mit).

step forward (stepped, stepped), to step forward (with, mit), to clearly betray (something, mit).

hervor´ziehen (zog, gezogen), to draw out, to produce.

pull out, to draw out, to produce.

her´wandern, to draw near, to advance.

her´wandern, to approach, to advance.

Herz, n. (pl. -en), heart; von Herzen, with all one’s heart, heartily.

Love, n. (pl. -s), heart; sincere with all one’s heart, heartily.

herz´allerliebst, darling.

dear heart, darling.

herz´ergreifend, affectionate(ly), pathetic(ally).

heartbreaking, affectionate(ly), pathetic(ally).

herz´haft, hearty(-ily).

herzhaft, hearty.

herzin´niglich (adv.), heartily, warmly, from the bottom of one’s heart.

herzinniglich (adv.), sincerely, warmly, from the depths of one's heart.

Herz´l (dialect.), n. = Herz, heart.

Herz´l (dialect.), n. = Herz, heart.

Her´zog-Max´ländler, m. (pl. ), a country-dance named after Duke Max in Bavaria.

Herzog-Max-Ländler, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you'd like me to modernize.), a country dance named after Duke Max in Bavaria.

heu´len, to roar (of the storm).

howl, to roar (of the storm).

Heu´schober, m. (pl. ), haystack.

haystack

heu´te, to-day; heute Mittag, to-day at noon; heute Abend, this evening, to-night; heute Nacht, this night, to-night.

today, today; today at 12 PM, today at noon; tonight, this evening, tonight; tonight, this night, tonight.

hier, here.

here.

hierü´ber, over this, on this, at this.

regarding this, over this, on this, at this.

Hil´fe, f., help, assistance.

Help, assistance.

Him´mel, m., heaven, sky.

Heaven, m., sky.

him´melblau, sky-blue.

sky-blue.

Him´melreich, n. (kingdom of) heaven; (fig.) paradise.

Him´melreich, n. (kingdom of) heaven; (fig.) paradise.

Him´melsgegend, f. (pl. -en), point of the compass.

Him´melsgegend, f. (pl. -en), direction.

hin = da´hin, thence, there; an ... hin, along on the side of; hin und her, hither and thither, to and fro, one way and the other, (= hingegangen), passed, past.

that way, thence, there; an ... hin, alongside; hin und her, back and forth, to and fro, one way and the other, (= gone), passed, past.

hinab´, down.

down.

hinauf´, up (the hill).

up (the hill).

hinauf´dehnen, sich, to extend or stretch up (the mountain).

hinauf´dehnen, sich, to stretch up (the mountain).

hinauf´fahren (fuhr, gefahren), to drive or ride up.

to drive or ride up

hinauf´klettern, to climb up, to ascend.

hinauf´klettern, to climb up.

hinauf´schauen, to look up.

look up

hinauf´tönen, to soar up, to rise up.

hinauf´tönen, to soar up, to rise up.

hinauf´ziehen (zog, gezogen), to pull up.

hinauf´ziehen (zog, gezogen), to lift up.

hinaus´, out (into, in).

hinaus´, out (into, in).

hinaus´blicken, to look out.

to look out.

hinaus´schauen, to look out (on or into, auf).

look out (on or into)

hinaus´schmettern, to ring out.

ring out

hinaus´wittern, to scent out (into, in).

scent out, to detect (into, in).

hin´dern, to hinder, to prevent (from, an).

to hinder, to prevent

hinein´, into; in ... hinein, right into.

, into; , right into.

hinein´fahren (fuhr, gefahren), to ride or to travel into.

drive in (rode, ridden), to ride or to travel into.

hinein´gehen (ging, gegangen), to go or travel into.

go or travel in

hinein´jagen, to drive or force (into, in).

hinein´jagen, to drive or force (into, in).

hinein´träumen, sich to dive, to go deep (into, in), to take into one’s head.

daydreaming to dive, to go deep (into, in), to take into one’s head.

hin´fahren (fuhr, gefahren), to be bound for, to go to.

hinfahren (drove, driven), to be headed to, to go to.

hin´flackern, to flare or flicker thither; hin- und herflackern, to flicker one way and the other.

flickering, to flare or flicker there; hin- und herflackern, to flicker back and forth.

hin´gehen (ging, gegangen), to go or travel there.

go or travel there.

hin´schauen, to look (to, nach).

look (to, after)

hin´ten, behind, in the rear.

behind, in the rear.

hin´ter (dat., accus.), behind.

behind

hin´tere (der), (being) back, in the rear; die hintere Stube, backroom.

hin´tere (the), (being) back, in the rear; die hintere Stube, backroom.

Hin´tergrund, m., background.

background.

hinterher´, behind, following.

behind, following.

hinterher´kommen, (kam, gekommen), to follow behind.

follow behind

Hin´termann, m. (pl. -̈er), rear-rank-man, follower.

Hin'termann, m. (pl. -er), rear-rank man, follower.

Hin´terstube, f. (pl. -n) backroom, servants’ hall.

Backroom, servants’ hall.

hinü´ber, over (to, zu); nach ... hinüber, over to.

hinüber, over to.

hinü´berblicken, to look over (to, zu).

look over

hinü´berflattern, to flutter (wave, float) over or back.

flutter over or back

hinü´berziehen (zog, gezogen), to take over, to cause to move (to, zu).

pull over (pulled, pulled), to take over, to make move (to, zu).

hinun´tersteigen (stieg, gestiegen), to descend.

hinun´tersteigen (stieg, gestiegen), to go down.

hinun´terwürgen, to swallow down, to devour.

hinun´terwürgen, to gulp down, to devour.

hinzu´fügen, to add.

add, to add.

Hirsch, m. (pl. -e), stag; (= „zum Hirsch[en]“), "The Stag-Inn."

Hirsch, m. (pl. -e), stag; (= "to the deer"), "The Stag-Inn."

Hit´sche, f. (pl. -n), colloq., footstool.

Hit'sche, f. (pl. -n), colloq., footrest.

Hi´tze, f. heat, flush.

Hi´tze, f. heat, blush.

hoch (attrib., hoher, hohe, hohes), high, upper, "alto."

high (attrib., higher, high, high), high, upper, "alto."

hochauf´geschossen, tall and slender.

highly elongated, tall and slender.

höchst (adv.), highly, extremely, in the highest degree.

highest (adv.), very, really, to the maximum extent.

höchst´eigen (humor.), most private.

most private.

Hoch´würden, f. (a title), right reverend (priest).

Hoch´würden, f. (a title), right reverend (priest).

Hoch´zeit, f. (pl. -en), wedding; auf einer Hochzeit, at a wedding (-party).

Wedding, f. (pl. -en), wedding; at a wedding, at a wedding (-party).

Hoch´zeitsaltar, m. (pl. -̈e), nuptial (wedding-)altar.

Wedding altar, m. (pl. -̈e), nuptial altar.

Hoch´zeitsessen, n. (pl. ), wedding-dinner, wedding-feast.

Hoch´zeitsessen, n. (pl. ), wedding dinner, wedding feast.

Hoch´zeitsgeschichte, f. story of one’s marriage.

婚姻故事.

Hoch´zeitskutsche, f. (pl. -n), wedding-coach.

Wedding carriage.

Hoch´zeitspaar, n. (pl. -e), bridal couple.

Hochzeitspaar, n. (pl. -e), wedding couple.

Hoch´zeitsreise, f. (pl. -n), wedding-trip.

Hochzeitsreise, f. (pl. -n), honeymoon.

Hoch´zeitstafel, f. (pl. -n), wedding-table, wedding-dinner or feast.

Wedding table, f. (pl. -n), wedding dinner or feast.

hol´la! (interj.) holla! halloo!

holla!

Hora´tius (a name), Horace.

Horace.

hör´bar, audible (-bly).

audible (-bly).

hö´ren, to hear.

hear

Hotel´, n. (pl. -s), hotel.

Hotel, n. (pl. -s), hotel.

hübsch, pretty, fine.

pretty, fine.

Hund, m. (pl. -e), dog.

Dog.

hun´dertmal, (a) hundred times.

hundred times

Hut, m. (pl. -̈e), hat, bonnet.

Hat

Hü´terin, f. (pl. -nen), guardian, custodian.

Hü'terin, f. (pl. -nen), guardian, custodian.

Hüt´te, f. (pl. -n), hut, cabin, châlet-quarters.

Hut, f. (pl. -s), hut, cabin, chalet.

I.

ihm (dat.), him, to (for, with, etc.) him.

him (dat.), him, to (for, with, etc.) him.

ihn (accus.), him (it).

him

Ih´na (dialect. dat. = Ihnen, for accus. Sie), you.

Ih´na (dialect. dat. = Ihnen, for accus. Sie), you.

ih´nen (dat.), to them, them.

to them, them.

Ih´nen (dialect., dat.) for accus. sich, yourself.

yourself

Ihr (in address), you.

You (in address).

Ihr, Ih´re, Ihr (possess. pron.) your.

your

ihr, ih´re, ihr, her, to her; their.

you, your, you, her, to her; their.

ih´rer (genit. pl.), of them.

their (genit. pl.), of them.

Im´biß, m., repast, light meal.

snack

im´mer, always, ever; immer finsterer, darker and darker; immer noch, still.

always, always, ever; darker and darker, darker and darker; still, still.

im´merhin, still, after all, at any rate.

anyway, still, after all, at any rate.

in (dat., accus.), in, at; into, to.

in, at; into, to.

indem´ (conj.), while, whilst, or by pres. partic.

indem (conj.), while, or by using the present participle.

indes´sen, in the meantime.

in the meantime.

In´halt, m., contents, tenor, purport.

Contents, tenor, purport.

in´nehaben (hatte, gehabt), to occupy.

in´nehaben (hatte, gehabt), to occupy.

in´nig, fervent(ly), ardent(ly), sincere(ly), close(ly).

intensely, passionately, eagerly, sincerely, closely.

ins = in das.

ins = in das.

In´sasse, m. (pl. -n), inmate, occupant.

Inmate

Instinkt´, m., instinct.

Instinct

Instituts´dame, f. (pl. -n), directrix (humor., despot) of a young ladies´ seminary.

School Principal, f. (pl. -n), head (humor., tyrant) of a young women's academy.

Instituts´vorsteherin, f. (pl. -nen), mistress of a young ladies’ seminary.

Institute Director f. (pl. -s), head of a girls' school.

Instrument´, n. (pl. -e), instrument.

Instrument, n. (pl. -e), instrument.

interessant´, interesting.

interesting.

ir´gend, some; irgend ein ..., some, some kind of a.

some, some; some sort of ..., some, some sort of.

is (dialect.) = ist or ist es.

is (dialect.) = is or is it.

Ita´lien, Italy.

Italy, Italy.

Italie´ner, m. (pl. ), Italian, native of Italy.

Italian, native of Italy.

italie´nisch, Italian, or as if in Italy.

Italian, or as if in Italy.

J.

ja (adv.), yes; (explet.), why, you know! certainly; nun ja, well then, yes indeed.

yes (adv.), yes; (explet.), well, you know! definitely; sure, yes, well then, yes indeed.

ja´gen, to chase, to drive, to force, to arouse; (intrans.) to be driven, to dash, to fly.

jagen, to chase, to push, to compel, to stimulate; (intrans.) to be driven, to rush, to soar.

Jahr, n. (pl. -e), year.

Year, n. (pl. -s), year.

jamais (French), never.

never

Jam´mer, m., misery, misfortune.

Jam´mer, m., suffering, bad luck.

je, ever; je einmal, ever.

je, ever; je einmal, ever.

je´der, je´de, je´des, each, every; ein jeder, each one, every one.

each, every, every one, each, each one, every one.

je´desmal, each time, always.

every time, always.

jetzt, now, the present moment; bis jetzt, till now, till then, up to that minute.

now, now, the present moment; so far, until now, until then, up to that moment.

Johann´, John.

Johann, John.

Jop´pe, f. (pl. -n), shooting jacket of coarse woolen cloth.

Joppe, f. (pl. -n), a shooting jacket made of rough wool fabric.

Jo´seph, Joseph; Franz Joseph, Francis Joseph.

Joseph; Francis Joseph.

Juch´zer, m. (pl. ), shout of joy, yodling.

shout of joy, yodeling.

ju´gendlich, youthful.

youthful.

Ju´gendlust, f., happiness of youth.

Ju´gendlust, f., joy of youth.

Ju´gendschlaf, m., sleep of youth.

Youth sleep.

Ju´gendtage, pl., days (time) of youth.

Youth days.

jung, young.

jung, young.

Jun´ge, m. (pl. -n), boy, lad, fellow; alter Junge! old fellow!

Jun'ge, m. (pl. -n), boy, lad, guy; Hey, kid! old man!

jün´gere, see jung.

younger, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Jung´frau, f. (pl. -en), maid.

Virgin, f. (pl. -en), maid.

Jung´geselle, m. (pl. -n), old bachelor.

Old bachelor.

Jüng´ling, m. (pl. -e), youth, young man.

Young man, youth.

just (obsol.), just.

just

K.

Kaf´feekränzchen, n. (pl. ), coffee-circle, coffee-party.

Kaffeekränzchen, n. (pl. ), coffee gathering, coffee party.

Kaiser, m. (pl. ), Emperor.

Kaiser, m. (pl. ), Emperor.

Kai´serschmarren, m. (pl. ), omelet.

Kaiserschmarren, m. (pl. ), pancake.

kalt, cold.

cold.

käm´ (= käme, condit.).

käm´ (= käme, conditional.).

kam herein´, see hereinkommen.

come on in, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

kam ... vor, see vorkommen.

kam ... before, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kamerad´, m. (pl. -en), comrade, chum.

Comrade m. (pl. -en), buddy, friend.

Kamil´lenthee, m., camomile-tea.

Kamil'letthee, m., chamomile tea.

käm´pfen, to combat, to struggle.

käm´pfen, to fight, to struggle.

can, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kärn´then, name of an Austrian crown-land.

Kärn´then, name of an Austrian province.

Ka´sten, m. (pl. ), chest, box, trunk.

Ka´sten, m. (pl. ), chest, box, trunk.

Ka´tzensprung, m. (pl. -̈e), (colloq.) "cat’s leap" (= small distance), analog.: "cockstride."

Cat's leap, m. (pl. -̈e), (colloq.) "cat’s leap" (= small distance), analog.: "cockstride."

kaum, hardly.

pal, barely.

kein, kei´ne, kein, no, not any.

no, not any.

kei´ner, kei´ne, kei´nes, none (of them), nobody.

none, nobody.

ken´nen (kannte, gekannt), to know, to be acquainted with; (= erkennen), to recognize.

ken’n (knew, known), to know, to be familiar with; (= recognize), to identify.

Kerl, m. (pl. -e), fellow.

Guy, m. (pl. -e), fellow.

Ke´tzer, m. (pl. ), heretic.

Ke´tzer, heretic.

keu´chen, to pant, to gasp, to puff and blow.

keu'chen, to breathe heavily, to struggle for breath, to huff and puff.

ki´chern, to giggle, to titter.

ki´chern, to giggle, to laugh.

Kien´span, m. (pl. -̈e), pine-block.

Kien´span, m. (pl. -̈e), pine block.

Kind, n. (pl. -er), child; liebes Kind, darling.

Child, n. (pl. -ren), kid; darling child, sweetheart.

Kind´lichkeit, f., childishness.

Kindness, f., childishness.

Kir´che, f. (pl. -n), church.

Church, f. (pl. -n), church.

Kirch´hof, m. (pl. -̈e), cemetery, burial-ground.

Kirch´hof, m. (pl. -̈e), cemetery, graveyard.

kla´gen, to lament.

kla´gen, to complain.

Klamm, f., mountain-cleft, glen; cañon, canyon.

Klamm, f., gorge, glen; canyon.

Klang, m. (pl. -̈e), timbre (of the voice), sound.

Klang, m. (pl. -̈e), timbre (of the voice), sound.

klar, clear, clear-eyed; plain, evident.

clear, clear-headed; obvious, evident.

Klause, f. (pl. -n), hermitage.

Klause, f. (pl. -n), hermitage.

kle´ans (dialect.) = kleines, little, young, sweet.

kle'ans (dialect.) = little, young, sweet.

Kleid, n. (pl. -er), dress, garment, uniform; ein herrschaftliches Kleid, livery.

Dress n. (pl. -es), dress, outfit, uniform; a formal gown, livery.

klin´geln, to ring (the bell).

klin´geln, to ring the bell.

klin´gen (klang, geklungen), to ring, to chime, to sound, to clink; klingende Münze, clinking coin.

cling (clung, clung)), to ring, to chime, to sound, to clink; ringing coin, clinking coin.

Klip´penhang, m. (pl. -̈e), sloping cliff or crag.

Klippenhang, sloping cliff or crag.

klop´fen, to knock, to beat, to tap (at, an); es klopft, some one knocks at the door.

knocking, to knock, to beat, to tap (at, on); it's knocking, someone is knocking at the door.

klug, smart, wise, intelligent.

smart, wise, intelligent.

Klümp´lein, n. (pl. ), small lump, heap; auf einem Klümplein, all of a heap.

Klümplein, n. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text for modernization.), small lump, pile; on a small patch, all in a pile.

knal´len, to crack, to pop.

knal´len, to crack, to pop.

Knix, m. (pl. -e), courtesy; einen Knix machen, to drop (bob) a courtesy (to, vor).

Knix m. (pl. -e), a bow; einen Knicks machen, to make a bow (to, vor).

Kno´chen, m. (pl. ), bone.

Bone, m. (pl. ), bone.

Knösp´lein, n. (pl. ), rose-bud.

Knösp´lein, n. (pl. ), rosebud.

Kno´tenpunkt, m. (pl. -e), junction (railroad).

Knot point, m. (pl. -e), junction (railroad).

knüp´fen, to tie, to knot, to join closely.

tie, to tie, to knot, to join closely.

koan (dialect.) = kein, no, not any.

koan (dialect.) = kein, none, not any.

Koa´sa (dialect.), m. = Kaiser, Emperor (i.e. Francis Joseph of Austria).

Koa´sa (dialect.), m. = Kaiser, Emperor (i.e. Francis Joseph of Austria).

ko´chen, to cook, to boil, to make (tea).

cooking, to cook, to boil, to make (tea).

Kof´fer, m. (pl. ), trunk.

trunk

kom´men (kam, gekommen), to come.

kommen (kam, gekommen), to come.

kommt´s = kommt es.

comes = it comes.

Kompagnie´, f. (pl. -en), pronounce kompani, company.

Kompagnie´, f. (pl. -en), pronounce kompani, company.

Konfusion´, f., confusion, perplexity.

Konfusion´, f., confusion, perplexity.

kön´nen (pres. t. kann, kannst, kann; können, etc.); konnte, gekonnt, to be able, to be ready, can, may.

can (present tense can, can, can; can etc.); could've, been able to, to be able, to be ready, can, may.

können’s (dialect.) = können Sie; können’s Ihnen (dat.) for können Sie sich (accus.).

können’s (dialect.) = können Sie; können’s Ihnen (dat.) for können Sie sich (accus.).

könnet’s (dialect.) = können es.

können's (dialect) = können es.

könn´te, could, might.

könn´te, could, might.

Kontinent´, m. (pl. -e), continent.

Continent.

Konzert´, n. (pl. -e), concert.

Concert, n. (pl. -s), concert.

Kopf, m. (pl. -̈e), head.

head

Körb´chen, n. (pl. ), little basket.

Körb´chen, n. (pl. ), small basket.

Korn, n. (pl. -̈er), grain (of snow or ice); pl., snow-sprinkling.

Grain, n. (pl. -̈er), grain (of snow or ice); pl., snow-sprinkling.

Korresponden´tin, f., (pl. -nen), correspondent.

Korresponden'tin, f., (pl. -nen), correspondent.

korrespondie´ren, to correspond.

correspond.

ko´sten, to cost, to be the price; was kostet? what do you charge?

cost, to cost, to be the price; What's the cost? what do you charge?

Kraft, f. (pl. -̈e), power, strength; über meine Kräfte, beyond my power.

Power, f. (pl. -̈e), force, strength; about my powers, beyond my ability.

kräf´tig, vigorous(ly), spirited(ly), hearty (-ily).

kraftig, vigorous, spirited, hearty.

krank, sick, ill; die Kranke, patient; sehr krank, critically ill.

ill, sick, unwell; the patient, patient; very ill, critically ill.

krank´haft, morbid, diseased.

sick, unhealthy, diseased.

Krank´heit, f. (pl. -en), sickness, illness; in Krankheit sinken, to fall ill.

Sickness f. (pl. -es), sickness, disease; to get sick, to become sick.

Kränz´chen, n. (pl. ), circle, party; meeting-place of a party or club.

Get-together, n. (pl. I'm ready for your text! Please provide the short piece of text you'd like me to modernize.), circle, gathering; meeting place of a party or club.

Krap´fen, m. (pl. ), fritter, doughnut.

Krapfen, fritter, doughnut.

Kreis, m. (pl. -e), circle; im Kreise, round about.

Circle, m. (pl. -e), circle; in the circle, round about.

Kreu´zer, m. (pl. ), "kreutzer" (= 1/60 Gulden); ihre Gulden und Kreuzer, their silver and copper-coins or their change.

Kreutzer, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you'd like me to modernize.), "kreutzer" (= 1/60 guilder); their guilders and kreuzers, their silver and copper coins or their change.

Kro´ne, f. (pl. -n), (royal) crown.

Crown, f. (pl. -n), (royal) crown.

Kru´zifix, n. (pl. -e), crucifix.

Kru'zifix, n. (pl. -e), crucifix.

Kü´che, f. (pl. -n), kitchen.

Kitchen, f. (pl. -n), kitchen.

Ku´gel, f. (pl. -n), bullet, ball.

Ku´gel, f. (pl. -n), bullet, ball.

kun´dig, skilful, experienced.

kun´dig, skilled, experienced.

kunst´gerecht, skilful(ly), knowingly.

artistic, skillfully, knowingly.

kurz, short, brief, concise.

short, brief, concise.

Kuß, m. (pl. -̈e), kiss.

Kiss, m. (pl. -̈e), kiss.

Kut´sche, f. (pl. -n), coach, carriage.

Kut'sche, f. (pl. -n), coach, carriage.

L.

L, n., the letter "L."

L, n., the letter "L."

lä´cheln, to smile (at, über).

lä´cheln, to smile (at, over).

la´chen, to laugh; das Lachen, laughing.

laughing, to laugh; the laugh, laughing.

lä´cherlich, laughable, funny.

ridiculous, laughable, funny.

La´ger, n. (pl. ), resting-place.

La´ger, n. (pl. ), resting spot.

la´gern, sich, to lie down, to have settled down, to lodge one’s self.

chill, to lie down, to have gotten comfortable, to make oneself at home.

Land, n. (pl. -̈er), land, country; woher des Landes? from what country?

Land, n. (pl. -̈er), land, country; where is the country from? from which country?

Land´assessorrock (for Landgerichtsassessorrock), m. (pl. -̈e), uniform of an assessor of the county-court.

Land assessor gown (for County Court assessor gown), m. (pl. -̈e), uniform worn by a county court assessor.

Land´gericht, n. (pl. -e), county-court, district-court.

County court, district court.

Land´gerichtsassessor, m. (pl. -assesso´ren), assessor of the county-court.

County court assessor.

Land´gerichtspräsident, m. (pl. -en), president of the district-court.

District court president.

Land´gerichtsrat, m. (pl. -̈e), judge of the district-court.

District court judge.

Land´karte, f. (pl. -n), map, traveller’s map.

Map, f. (pl. -n), traveller’s map.

lang (adv.) = lange.

lang (adv.) = long.

lan´ge (adv.), long, a long time, for a long time; wie lange? how long?

long (adv.), long, for a long time; how long? how long?

lang´sam, slow(ly), little by little.

slowly, step by step.

längst (adv.), long since, for some time, for a long time.

long ago (adv.), a long time ago, for a while, for a long time.

lang´weilig, tedious, wearisome, dead-alive.

boring, tedious, tiring, lifeless.

las´sen (ließ, gelassen), to let, to allow, to make, to leave; merken lassen, to show, to betray something; Einem etwas schreiben lassen, to have something communicated to one; Einen allein lassen, to leave one.

let (let, let go)), to let, to allow, to make, to leave; make a note, to show, to reveal something; Jemandem eine Nachricht schicken to have something communicated to someone; Einen allein lassen, to leave someone alone.

lau, mild, genial.

mild, friendly.

Laub, n., foliage.

Leaves, n., foliage.

Lauf, m., run, course; im schnellen Lauf, in a short time.

Run, m., run, course; in a quick run, in a short time.

lau´fen (lief, gelaufen), to walk, to run; frisch gelaufene Blasen, feet blistered with walking.

run (ran, run)), to walk, to run; freshly run bubbles, feet blistered from walking.

Laut, m. (pl. -e), sound; keinen Laut von sich geben, not to utter a word, to keep profoundly silent.

Sound m. (pl. -e), noise; stay quiet, to not say a word, to remain completely silent.

lau´ten, to run thus or as follows.

lau´ten, to run like this or as follows.

le´ben, to live, to be living; leb wohl! farewell! good-bye; soll leben, (= lebe hoch!) let us drink the health of ...! or ... forever!

stream, to exist, to be alive; goodbye! goodbye; long live (= thanks!) let's toast to ...! or ... always!

Le´ben, n., life.

Life, n., life.

leben´dig, lively, animated.

lively, animated.

Le´bensgeschichte, f. (pl. -n), history of one’s life.

Life story

Leb´n (dialect.) n., = Leben, life.

Leb´n (dialect.) n., = Leben, life.

le´dig, single, unmarried.

single, unmarried.

le´gen, to lay; sich legen, to cease, (of bad weather).

legend, to lay down; lie down, to stop, (of bad weather).

Leib´schneiden, n., gripes, colic.

Leib'schneiden, n., cramps, colic.

Lei´chentuch, n. (pl. -̈er), shroud, pall.

Lei´chentuch, n. (pl. -̈er), shroud, covering.

leicht, light(ly), easy (-ily), slight(ly), delicate(ly); (dialect. = vielleicht), perhaps.

simple light(ly), easy (-ily), slight(ly), delicate(ly); (dialect. = maybe), perhaps.

lei´den (litt, gelitten), to suffer.

suffer.

lei´der (adv.), unfortunately, I am sorry to say.

leader (adv.), unfortunately, I regret to say.

Lei´nen, n., linen, linen goods.

Linen, n., linen, linen products.

lei´se (der), faint (suspicion).

lei´se (der), faint (hint).

lei´se (adv.), in an undertone; faint (suspicion).

lazy (adv.), in a low voice; subtle (suspicion).

Le´na (abbrev. of Hele´ne), Ellen, Maud.

Leena (abbrev. of Helene), Ellen, Maud.

ler´nen, to learn, to study, to pursue one’s studies.

learn to learn, to study, to pursue studies.

le´sen (las, gelesen), to read.

lesen (las, gelesen), to read.

Le´ser, m. (pl. ), reader.

Le´ser, m. (pl. ), reader.

Le´serin, f. (pl. -nen), (female) reader.

Le´serin, f. (pl. -nen), (female) reader.

letz´te (der), last, final, finishing.

last, final, finishing.

letz´terer, letz´tere, letz´teres, the latter.

the latter.

leuch´ten, to flash, to beam.

leuch´ten, to shine, to glow.

leuch´tend, luminous, lucid, bright, with beaming eyes.

glowing, bright, clear, vibrant, with glowing eyes.

Leu´te, pl., people; men.

People, pl., individuals; men.

Li´ab’ (dialect.) f. = Liebe, love.

Li´ab’ (dialect.) f. = Liebe, affection.

Licht, n. (pl. -er), light.

Light, n. (pl. -s), light.

Lieb’ (= Liebchen), n., love, sweetheart.

Love (= Sweetheart), n., love, sweetheart.

lieb, dear; mir ist lieb, I like; lieb haben, to like, to love; sich lieb haben, to love each other.

hey, dear; I like it, I like; to like, to like, to love; to love one another, to love each other.

Lie´be, f., love.

Love, f., love.

lie´beleer, destitute of love.

lie´beleer, lacking love.

lie´ben, to love, to like.

love, to like.

Lie´ben, pl., those beloved, the beloved ones.

Love, pl., those cherished, the cherished ones.

lie´ber, better, rather, sooner; lieber wollen, to prefer.

lie´ber, better, rather, sooner; lieber wollen, to prefer.

Lie´besband, n. (pl. -e, -̈er), tie of love.

Love bond, n. (pl. -s, -̈er), tie of love.

liebst, dearest or best of all.

dear or best of all.

Lieb´ste, f. (pl. -n), beloved one, sweetheart.

Dearest, f. (pl. -n), beloved one, sweetheart.

lieb´wert, dearly beloved.

dearly beloved.

Lied, n. (pl. -er), song.

Song, n. (pl. -s), song.

Lie´derbuch, n. (pl. -̈er), songbook.

Songbook, n. (pl. -̈er), songbook.

lie´gen (lag, gelegen), to lie, to be situated, to lie hidden or concealed, to be latent.

lie´gen (lay, lain), to lie, to be located, to be hidden or concealed, to exist or remain dormant.

Li´na (abbrev. of Pauline or Paula), Pauline.

Li´na (short for Pauline or Paula), Pauline.

Lip´pe, f. (pl. -n), lip; (pl.) Lippen, mouth.

Lip´pe, f. (pl. -n), lip; (pl.) Lippen, mouth.

Loch, n. (pl. -̈er), hole, kennel, burrow.

Loch, n. (pl. -̈er), hole, den, burrow.

lo´cken, to entice, to induce.

lo’cken, to entice, to induce.

Lo´denkittel, m. (pl. ), jacket made of coarse woolen cloth.

Lo'denkittel, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), a jacket made of rough wool fabric.

Lo´denrock, m. (pl. -̈e), coat of coarse woolen cloth.

Loden jacket, m. (pl. -s), coat made from rough wool fabric.

Löf´fel, m. (pl. ), spoon.

Löf´fel, m. (pl. ), spoon.

London Bridgestation (English), f. London-Bridge Station.

London Bridge Station (English), f. London Bridge Station.

Lor´beer, m. (pl. -en), laurel(-tree), bay(-tree).

Lor'beer, m. (pl. -en), laurel, bay.

los! (adv.), on then! up! heartily!

Go! (adv.), on then! up! heartily!

los´schießen (schoß, geschossen), to shoot off, to fire off, to let fly.

shoot (shot, shot), to shoot off, to fire off, to let fly.

Lö´we, m. (pl. -n), lion.

Lö´we, m. (pl. -n), lion.

lud ... ein, see einladen.

play ... one, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Luft, f. (pl. -̈e), air.

Air, f. (pl. -̈e), air.

Lun´ge, f. (pl. -n), lungs.

Lungs.

lu´stig, hearty (-ily), merry (-ily), sound(ly), hard.

hilarious, hearty (-ily), cheerful (-ily), solid(ly), tough.

M.

ma´chen, to make, to do, to try; ein Gesicht machen, to look.

make, to create, to perform, to attempt; make a face, to express an emotion.

Mäd´chen, n. (pl. ), girl, maid.

Girl, n. (pl. ), girl, maid.

Madon´na, f. (pl. Madonnen), Madonna, Holy Virgin.

Madonna, Holy Virgin.

mag, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Mägd´lein, n. (pl. ), young girl.

Young girl.

Ma´gen, m. stomach, appetite.

Stomach, m. appetite.

mah´nen, to warn, to remind, to urge, to press.

mah'nen, to warn, to remind, to encourage, to push.

Mai, m., May (month).

May

Main, m., Main (river).

Main, m., Main (river).

Mal, n. (pl. -e), time; zum ersten Mal, for the first time.

Mal, n. (pl. -e), time; for the first time, for the first time.

mal (unaccentuated) = einmal´, just, or won’t you?

mal (unaccentuated) = once, just, or won’t you?

ma´len, to paint, to picture, to depict.

to paint, to paint, to represent, to illustrate.

man, one; we, you, they, people, or by pass. voice.

dude, one; we, you, they, people, or by pass. voice.

man´cher, man´che, man´ches, many a, many a man or one.

many a, many a man or one.

manch´mal, several times, repeatedly.

sometimes, several times, repeatedly.

Mann, m. (pl. -̈er), man, husband, gentleman; woher der Männer? of what nationality?

Dude, m. (pl. -̈er), man, husband, gentleman; Where do the men come from? of what nationality?

Manns´leute, pl. men, fellows.

Manns' people, pl. men, fellows.

Manns´person, f. (pl. -en), male, male person.

Man, f. (pl. -en), male, person.

Marsch, m. (pl. -̈e), march, marching.

march, marching.

Maschi´ne, f. (pl. -n), machine, tea-oven; auf der Maschine, with the tea-kitchen or tea-oven.

Machines, f. (pl. -n), machine, tea kettle; on the machine, with the tea station or tea kettle.

Mas´ke, f. (pl. -n), mask, disguise.

Mas´ke, f. (pl. -n), mask, disguise.

mä´ßig, moderate, slender, slim.

moderate, slender, slim.

Mat´te, f. (pl. -n), Alpine meadow.

Alpine meadow.

Meer, n. (pl. -e), sea, ocean, Mediterranean.

Sea, n. (pl. -s), sea, ocean, Mediterranean.

mehr, more; nichts mehr, nothing any more.

more; nothing anymore.

mein, mei´ne, mein, my.

my.

mei´nen, to mean, to remark, to think, to expect.

my, to mean, to say, to think, to anticipate.

mei´nige (der, die, das), my own, mine.

some (the, die, das), my own, mine.

meist, most; am meisten (adv. superl.), most of all.

most, most; most (adv. superl.), most of all.

mel´den, to announce, to take in some one’s name or card.

mel'den, to report, to register someone’s name or card.

melo´disch, melodious.

melodious.

Mensch, m. (pl. -en), man, mankind, individual; pl. people.

Human, m. (pl. -en), man, mankind, individual; pl. people.

Men´schenkind, n. (pl. -er), human being.

Human being, n. (pl. -s), human being.

Men´schenscheu, f. misanthropy; unsociableness, solitariness.

Men´schenscheu, f. misanthropy; unsociability, solitude.

mensch´lich, human.

human, human.

mer´ken, to note, to perceive; etwas merken lassen, to show, to betray something.

mer'ken, to notice, to recognize; make something clear, to reveal, to give away something.

merk´würdig, strange (to say), remarkable.

merk´würdig, odd (to say), noteworthy.

mi (dialect.) = mich.

me (dialect.) = me.

mich (accus.), me.

mich, me.

mild, mild.

mild.

Mil´la (abbrev. of Camilla), Camilla, Millie.

Mil'la (abbrev. of Camilla), Camilla, Millie.

Miner´va, Minerva (a goddess of the Romans = "Pallas Athene" of the Greeks); Hotel Minerva, "Hotel Minerva."

Minerva, Minerva (a Roman goddess = "Pallas Athene" of the Greeks); Hotel Minerva, "Hotel Minerva."

Mini´ster, m. (pl. ), Minister, Secretary (of Justice).

Minister, Secretary (of Justice).

mi´schen, sich, to mix, to be mixed, to mingle, to join.

mix, oneself, to mix, to be mixed, to mingle, to join.

mit (dat.), with; (adv.) with or by one’s self; mithaben, to be supplied or provided with.

with (dat.), with; (adv.) with or by oneself; having with, to be supplied or provided with.

mit´feiern, to help one celebrating or banqueting, to be (one) of the (wedding-)party.

celebrate together, to join in the celebration or feast, to be part of the (wedding) party.

mit´gehen (ging, gegangen), to go along with (them), to accompany.

mit´gehen (went, gone), to go along with (them), to accompany.

mitsamt´, together with.

together with

Mit´tag, m. (pl. -e), midday, noon.

Midday, noon.

mit´teilen, to communicate (to, dat.), to exchange, to impart (to, dat.), to make (one, dat.) acquainted.

inform, to communicate (to, dat.), to exchange, to share (with, dat.), to make (one, dat.) familiar.

Mit´tel, pl. means, funds.

Mit´tel, pl. means, money.

mit´telst (genit.), by means of, through.

with (genit.), by means of, through.

Mit´telstimme, f. (pl. -n), tenor; baritone.

Middle voice, f. (pl. -n), tenor; baritone.

mit´ten, in the midst; mitten unter, in among.

in the middle; in among.

Mit´ternacht, f. midnight.

midnight.

möchte (__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__)

mö´gen (pres. t. mag, magst, mag; mögen, etc.), mochte, gemocht, may, can, to like; er mochte ... nicht gewesen sein, he could not have been...

like (present tense mag, magst, mag; like, etc.), mocht, liked may, can, to like; he might not have been,... he could not have been...

mög´lich, possible, eventual.

possible, eventual.

Mög´lichkeit, f. (pl. -en), chance, opportunity.

possibility, chance, opportunity.

mond´hell, moonlit.

mond´hell, moonlit.

Mond´schein, m., moon-light; (humor.) baldness.

Moonlight, m.; (humor.) baldness.

Mond´viertel, n. (pl. ), quarter of the moon.

Mond´viertel, n. (pl. ), moon quarter.

mords´dumm (colloq.), exceedingly stupid or foolish.

mords´dumm (colloq.), extremely stupid or foolish.

Mords´qualm, m. (colloq.), tremendous tobacco-smoke (filling a room.)

Mordsmoke, m. (colloq.), overwhelming tobacco smoke (filling a room.)

Mor´gen, m. (pl. ), morning; des Morgens, in the morning; des Morgens früh, early in the morning.

Morning, singular (plural Understood. Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), morning; in the morning, in the morning; early in the morning.

mor´gen, to-morrow.

mor´gen, tomorrow.

Mor´gengruß, m. (pl. -̈e), morning-salute, morning-music.

Morning greeting, morning music.

Mor´genluft, f. (pl. -̈e), morning-breeze.

morning breeze

mor´gens, in the morning, every morning.

in the morning, every morning.

Mr. (= master, pronounce mister), Herr.

Mr. (mister), Herr.

m’r (dialect.) = wir.

we’re (dialect.) = we.

müh´sam, hard, difficult.

müh´sam, challenging.

Mund, m., mouth.

Mouth, m., mouth.

mun´ter, sprightly, cheerful, blithe, awake.

munter, lively, cheerful, happy, awake.

Mün´ze, f. (pl. -n), coin; klingende Münze, clinking coin or cash.

Coin, f. (pl. -n), coin; clinking coin, clinking coin or cash.

mur´meln, to grumble, to mutter.

murmur, to grumble, to mutter.

Musikant´, m. (pl. -en), musician, singer.

Musician, m. (pl. -en), musician, singer.

müs´sen (pres. t. muß, mußt, muß; müssen, etc.), mußte, gemußt, must, to have to, to be compelled or forced to, to feel obliged to.

have to (present tense must, must, must; must, etc.), had to, had to, must, to have to, to be compelled or forced to, to feel obligated to.

mu´stern, to eye, to survey.

mu´stern, to look at, to inspect.

must, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Mut, m. mood, courage, humor; es ist mir zu Mut, I feel; es wird ihm italienisch zu Mut, he begins to feel like an Italian.

Bravery, m. mood, bravery, humor; I'm in the mood, I feel; he starts to feel Italian, he begins to feel like an Italian.

Mut´ter, f. (pl. ), mother.

Mom, f. (pl. ), mother.

Mü´tze, f. (pl. -n), cap.

Mü´tze, f. (pl. -n), hat.

Myr´te, f. (pl. -n), (-myrtletree).

Myrtle, f. (pl. -n), (myrtletree).

N.

nach (dat.), after; to, towards; nach ... hinüber, over to.

after (dative), after; to, towards; over to, over to.

Nach´barin, f. (pl. -nen), (female) neighbor.

Neighbor, f. (pl. -nen), (female) neighbor.

Nach´barschaft, f., neighborhood; (collectiv.) neighbors.

Neighbors, f., neighborhood; (collectiv.) neighbors.

nach´folgen, to follow (one, dat.).

nach´folgen, to follow (one, dat.).

nach´gemacht (p.p.), imitated, fictitious.

nach´gemacht (p.p.), imitated, fake.

nachgera´de, gradually, at length, by degrees, by that time.

to be honest, gradually, eventually, over time, by that point.

nach´hängen (for nachhangen), to give way (to, dat.), to indulge (in, dat.).

hang out (for catch up), to yield (to, dat.), to indulge (in, dat.).

nach´schauen, to look after (one, dat.).

nach'schauen, to look after (one, dat.).

nach´sehen (sah, gesehen), to see, to look after, to consult.

check (saw, seen), to check, to look after, to refer to.

nach´senden (sandte, gesandt), to send after.

nachsenden (sent, sent), to send after.

nach´spüren, to investigate.

nach´spüren, to explore.

näch´ste (der), next.

next

nächst´folgende (der), immediately following, one at whose home the next meeting is to take place.

next (the), immediately after, the person whose house the next meeting is going to be held at.

Nacht, f. (pl. -̈e), night.

night.

Nacht´licht, n. (pl. -er), bedroom-candle, rush-light.

Night light, bedroom candle, rush light.

Nacht´quartier, n. (pl. -e), night-quarters.

Night quarters, n. (pl. -es), night-quarters.

Na´gel, m.E-8 (pl. ), nail; mit Nägeln beschlagen, clouted.

Nail, m.__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ (pl. ), nail; with nails cladded, clouted.

nah, nä´her, nächst, near, (nearer, nearest); close, at hand, in detail; nahe daran, close by (it).

nah, closer, next, near, (nearer, nearest); close, nearby, in detail; close to it, close by (it).

Na´me(n), m. (pl. Namen), name.

Name(s), m. (pl. Namen), name.

näm´lich (adv.), that is to say, to wit, you must know.

specifically (adv.), that is to say, you should know.

Na´se, f. (pl. -n), nose; der Nase nach, in the direction of one’s nose; follow your nose!

Nose, f. (pl. -n), nose; follow your instincts, in the direction of your nose; trust your instincts!

Näs´se, f., wetness, dampness; in gleicher Nässe, in the same rain, as drenched as ourselves.

Näs'se, f., wetness, dampness; in the same moisture, in the same rain, as soaked as we are.

naß, wet; fluid, liquid; etwas nasses, some kind of wet goods.

wet damp; liquid, fluid; some damp, a type of moist goods.

Natur´, f. (pl. -en), nature.

Nature, f. (pl. -en), nature.

naturell´, real, genuine, true.

natural, real, genuine, true.

Nea´pel, Naples.

Naples.

ne´ben (dat., accus.), by the side of, next to.

beside, next to

nebenbei´, incidentally, by way of parenthesis.

by the way, incidentally, by way of parenthesis.

nebst (dat.), together with.

together with

neh´ma (dialect.) = nehmen.

neh´ma (dialect.) = take.

neh´men (nahm, genommen), to take; Einen Wunder nehmen, to be surprising to one.

take (took, taken)), to take; Take a wonder, to be surprising to someone.

nein, no.

no.

’nein (dialect.) = hinein, i.e. sich hinein´stürzen, to rush into.

No (dialect.) = into, i.e. to rush in, to rush into.

nen´nen (nannte, genannt), to call, to name.

nen’nen (called, named), to call, to name.

neu, new; aufs neue, anew, again.

new; anew, again.

neu´gierig, curious(ly), inquisitive(ly), staring(ly).

curious, inquisitive, staring.

nicht, not.

not.

Nich´te, f. (pl. -n), niece.

Niece.

nichts, nothing, not anything; nichts mehr, nothing any more; nichts als, nothing but; noch nichts, nothing as yet.

nothing, not a single thing; nothing else, nothing anymore; only, only; not anything yet, nothing so far.

ni´cken, to nod; dankend nicken, to express one’s thanks by nodding.

ni'cken, to nod; nodding in agreement, to show appreciation by nodding.

nie, never.

never.

nie´derbayrisch, of Lower Bavaria.

Lower Bavarian

nie´dere (der), lower.

lower

nie´derlassen (ließ, gelassen), sich, to sit down, to take a seat; to settle, to locate or to fix one’s self.

let go (let, let go)), self, to sit down, to take a seat; to settle, to find a place or to establish oneself.

Nie´derrhein, m., Lower Rhine; am Niederrhein, somewhere on the banks of the Lower Rhine.

Lower Rhine, m., Lower Rhine; on the Lower Rhine, somewhere along the banks of the Lower Rhine.

nie´derrheinisch, from the Lower Rhine.

Lower Rhine dialect.

nie´derwerfen (warf, geworfen), to prostrate.

prostrate.

nie´mand, no one, nobody.

no one, nobody.

nit (dialect.) = nicht.

nit (dialect.) = not.

nix (dialect.) = nichts, nothing, not ... anything.

nix (dialect) = nothing, not ... anything.

noch, yet, still, more; immer noch, still; noch nicht, not yet; noch nichts, not yet anything, nothing as yet; was noch, what else; weder ... noch, neither ... nor.

yet, yet, still, more; still still; not yet not yet; nothing yet, nothing so far, nothing yet; what else? what else; neither ... nor neither ... nor.

Nor´den, m., north; nach Norden, (towards the) north.

North, m., north; to the north, (towards the) north.

Not, f. (pl. -̈e), need, distress.

Not, f. (pl. -̈e), need, distress.

No´te, f. (pl. -n), note, (pl.) music.

Note, (pl.) music.

No´tenbuch, n. (pl. -̈er), music-book, singing-book.

Notebook, n. (pl. -̈er), music book, songbook.

Not´fall, m. (pl. -̈e), case of need, extreme case.

Emergency, m. (pl. -̈e), urgent situation.

not´wendig, necessary.

not needed, necessary.

Nr. (abbrev. = Nummer, f.), number.

No. (abbrev. = Number, f.), number.

nun (adv.), now; (explet.), well! sure enough! nun ja, well, then; yes, indeed.

now (adv.), now; (explet.), well! sure enough! well, well, then; yes, indeed.

nur, only, no one but.

only, no one else.

O.

Oal´les (dialect.) = alles, everything.

Oal´les (dialect.) = alles, everything.

oanon´da (dat., dialect.) = einander or für einander.

oanon´da (dat., dialect.) = each other or for each other.

ob (dat.), over, above, at, on account of, (conj.) if, whether.

ob (dat.), over, above, because of, (conj.) if, whether.

Ob´acht, f., attention, heed, care; Obacht geben, to pay attention.

Attention, f., attention, heed, care; Achtung geben, to pay attention.

o´ben, up, above, up-stairs, (in) on the mountains.

upstairs, up, above, in the mountains.

o´bere (der), upper.

o'bear (der), upper.

O´beritalien, Upper Italy, Northern Italy.

Upper Italy.

obsolet´, obsolete.

obsolet', obsolete.

Och´se, m. (pl. -n), ox; (= „Zum Ochsen“), "The Ox-Inn."

Ox, m. (pl. -n), ox; (= "The Ox Inn"), "The Ox-Inn."

o´der, or.

or.

O´fen, m. (pl. ), stove.

stove

O´fenecke, f. (pl. -n), chimney-corner.

O´fenecke, f. (pl. -n), fireplace nook.

of´fen, open, opened.

open, opened.

offenbar´ (emphat. of´fenbar), evident(ly).

obviously

öff´nen, to open; sich öffnen, to open (intrans.) = to be opened.

open, to open; open up to open (intrans.) = to be opened.

oft, often, frequently.

often

öf´ters, often, frequently.

often, frequently.

oh´ne (accus.), without.

oh´ne (accus.), without.

ohnehin´, without that, apart from that.

anyway, without that, besides that.

Ohr, n. (pl. -en), ear; die Ohren spitzen, to prick up one’s ears; bis über die Ohren, up to one’s (ears) eyes.

Ear, n. (pl. -s), ear; to perk up one's ears, to pay attention; up to your ears, deeply involved.

Öl, n., oil.

Oil, n., oil.

On´kel, m. (pl. ), uncle.

Uncle, m. (pl. ), uncle.

Operation´, f. (pl. -en), operation.

Operation, f. (pl. -en), operation.

Opodel´doc, m., opodeldoc-liniment.

Opodel´doc, m., opodeldoc liniment.

Ort, m. (pl. -e or -̈er), place, town.

Ort, m. (pl. -e or -̈er), location, village.

P.

Paar, n. (pl. -e), pair, couple.

Pair, n. (pl. -s), pair, couple.

paar (ein), a few.

a few.

packen, to pack, to pack up.

pack up

Palm´sonntag, m., Palm-Sunday.

Palm Sunday.

Pär´chen, n. (pl. ), loving couple, young couple.

Pär´chen, n. (pl. ), loving couple, young couple.

pas´send, proper, appropriate, becoming.

passé, proper, appropriate, stylish.

Paster´zengletscher, m., Pasterze Glacier.

Pasterze Glacier.

Pein, f., torment, trouble, "pain" (Longfellow).

Pain, f., torment, trouble, "pain" (Longfellow).

Pelz´kappe, f. (pl. -n), fur-cap, fur-coat; in der Pelzkappen, (old dat. sing.).

Fur cap, f. (pl. -n), fur cap, fur coat; in the fur hats, (old dat. sing.).

Pensions´drache, m. (pl. -n), boarding-school dragon (— duenna or tyrant).

Pensions' dragon, m. (pl. -n), boarding-school dragon (— duenna or tyrant).

Pensions´mutter, f. (pl. ), boarding-school matron (or — duenna).

Pension mother, f. (pl. ), boarding school matron (or — duenna).

Pfarr´herr, m. (pl. -en), parson, clergyman.

parson, clergyman

Pfei´fe, f. (pl. -n), pipe.

Pfei´fe, f. (pl. -n), pipe.

Pfle´gebefohlene, f. (pl. -[n]), charge, ward.

Pfle´gebefohlene, f. (pl. -[n]), charge, ward.

phili´sterhaft, pedantic, narrow-minded.

philistine, pedantic, narrow-minded.

Phili´sterhaftigkeit, f. (students’ slang), Philistinism, pedantry; seclusion, "dumps."

Philistine attitude f. (students’ slang), Philistinism, pedantry; isolation, "downers."

Pinsel, m. (pl. ), (paint-) brush; mit dem fettesten Pinsel, with the boldest touches of a brush.

Brush, m. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), (paint) brush; with the boldest brush strokes, with the boldest touches of a brush.

Pinz´gau, n., Pinzgovia, Pinzgau.

Pinzgau, n., Pinzgovia, Pinzgau.

pla´gen, to torment, to trouble.

pla´gen, to harass, to distress.

Plaid, m., n. (pl. -s), plaid.

Plaid.

Platz, m. (pl. -̈e), place, spot.

Place, m. (pl. -̈e), place, spot.

plötz´lich (adv.), suddenly, all at once.

suddenly, all at once.

Poesie´, f., poetry.

Poetry, f., poetry.

Poet´, m. (pl. -en), poet.

Poet, m. (pl. -en), poet.

Post´expeditor, m. (pl. -expedito´ren), post-master.

Postmaster

Po´stillon (or Postillion), m., postilion, post-boy, driver of a post-chaise.

Postman (or Postillion), m., postilion, courier, driver of a horse-drawn carriage.

Post´wagen, m. (pl. ), post-chaise.

Post wagon, post-chaise.

präch´tig, magnificent, sumptuous.

magnificent, lavish.

pras´seln, to crackle.

pras´seln, to pop.

Profes´sor, m. (pl. Professo´ren), professor; der Herr Professor, the or their Professor.

Professor, m. (pl. Professores), professor; the Professor, the or their Professor.

Protestant´, m. (pl. -en), Protestant.

Protestant, m. (pl. -en), Protestant.

prü´fen, to examine, to try.

prü´fen, to check, to try.

Punsch, m., punch.

Punch, m., punch.

Pyrami´de, f. (pl. -n), pyramid.

Pyramid, f. (pl. -n), pyramid.

Q.

Quartett´, n. (pl. -e), quartet, quartette; zum Quartett, for a quartet.

Quartet, n. (pl. -e), quartet; for a quartet.

Quel´le, f. (pl. -n), (well-)spring, source, quarter.

Quel´le, f. (pl. -n), spring, source, quarter.

R.

Rän´zel, n. (pl. ), knapsack.

Ränzel, n. (pl. —), backpack.

Ran´zen, m. (pl. ), knapsack.

Ran´zen, m. (pl. ), backpack.

Ränz´lein, n. (pl. ), knapsack, wallet.

Ränz'lein, n. (pl. —), backpack, wallet.

rasch, quick, without stop.

rasch, fast, without pausing.

Rast, f., rest, repose, stop.

Rest, pause, break.

Rat, m. (pl. Ratschläge), advice, opinion; in Gottes Rat, by divine providence.

Tips, m. (pl. Tips), suggestion, opinion; in the divine plan, by divine guidance.

rau´chen, to smoke.

smoking, to smoke.

Raum, m. (pl. -̈e), room.

Room, m. (pl. -̈e), room.

räu´men, to quit, to leave.

räu´men, to quit, to leave.

r’aus (dialect.) = heraus, out (of it).

r’aus (dialect.) = heraus, out (of it).

Reb´n (dialect.), f. = Rebe, vine, tendril.

Reb’n (dialect), f. = Rebe, vine, tendril.

Recht, n. (pl. -e), right; recht haben, to be right.

Law, n. (pl. -s), right; be right, to be correct.

recht, quite right, thoroughly well, very; völlig recht, all right.

correct, totally right, completely well, very; totally right, all good.

Rech´te, f., right hand, right side.

Right hand, right side.

rechts (adv.), at (on, to) the right.

correct (adv.), at (on, to) the right.

recht´schaffen (dialect.), very much, greatly, quite.

recht´schaffen (dialect.), a lot, greatly, quite.

Re´de, f. (pl. -n), speech, address.

Speech, f. (pl. -n), speech, address.

re´den, to speak, to say, to utter, to talk (to, mit), to have a talk with.

reden, to speak, to say, to express, to talk (to, mit), to have a conversation with.

Re´gen, m., rain.

Re´gen, m., rain.

Re´gentstreet (English), f., Regent Street.

Regent Street (English), f., Regent Street.

reg´nen, to rain.

reg´nen, to rain.

reich, rich.

wealthy, wealthy.

rei´chen, to reach, to hold out; Einem die Hand reichen, to hold out one’s hand to one; to marry one.

rei´chen, to reach, to extend; Jemandem die Hand geben, to extend one's hand to someone; to get married to someone.

Reich´tum, m. (pl. -̈er), wealth, "riches" (Longfellow).

Reich´tum, m. (pl. -̈er), wealth, "riches" (Longfellow).

Rei´he, f., row, file, line; round, turn; die Reihe ist an mir, it is my turn.

Rei'he, f., row, file, line; round, turn; it's my turn, it’s my turn.

rein, pure; (adv.) purely, absolutely; rein nichts, nothing at all, nothing whatever.

beyond compare, pure; (adv.) purely, absolutely; not at all, nothing at all, nothing whatsoever.

Rei´se, f. (pl. -n), trip, journey.

Rei´se, f. (pl. -n), trip, journey.

Rei´segedanke(n), m. (pl. Reisegedanken), thought of travelling, intention to travel.

Travel thoughts m. (pl. Travel thoughts), thoughts about travel, plans to travel.

Rei´sekleid, n. (pl. -er), travelling-dress.

Travel dress, n. (pl. -er), travelling-dress.

rei´sen, to travel, (= abreisen), to start, to depart, to leave.

travel, to travel, (= depart), to start, to depart, to leave.

Rei´sende(r), m. (pl. -[n]), traveller, passenger.

Rei´sende(r), m. (pl. -[n]), traveler, passenger.

Rei´separole, f., travelling-order.

Rei´separole, f., travel order.

Rei´sesack, m. (pl. -̈e), travelling-bag.

travel bag

Rei´setasche, f. (pl. -n), travelling-bag, carpet-bag, satchel.

travel bag, carpet bag, satchel.

Reiz´barkeit, f., irritability, sensitiveness, susceptibility.

Irritability, f., sensitivity, susceptibility.

’ren (dialect.) = einer.

’ren (dialect.) = one.

rich´ten, to turn, to direct (to, auf), "to surrender" (Longfellow).

richten, to turn, to direct (to, on), "to give up" (Longfellow).

rich´tig! (adv.), quite right! right so!

Righteous! (adv.), quite right! right so!

Rich´tigkeit, f., correctness, truth.

Rich´tigkeit, f., accuracy, truth.

Rie´gel, m. (pl. ), bolt.

Riegel, m. (pl. ), bolt.

ringsumher´, round about, all round.

ringsumher´, all around.

Rit´ter, m. (pl. ), knight, cavalier.

Knight, m. (pl. ), knight, cavalier.

Rom, Rome.

Rome.

Rös´lein, n. (pl. ), little rosebud.

Rös´lein, n. (pl. ), little rosebud.

rot, red, bound in red cloth; rot werden, to blush.

red, red, covered in red fabric; to turn red, to blush.

rot´backig, ruddy, red-cheeked, cherry-cheeked.

rot´backig, rosy, red-cheeked, cherry-cheeked.

Rö´te, f., blush, flush, color.

Rö´te, f., blush, flush, color.

Rot´kopf, m. (pl. -̈e), red-haired person, "sandy-pate."

Redhead, m. (pl. -̈e), red-haired person, "sandy-pate."

rot´köpfig, red-haired.

red-haired

rot´wangig, ruddy-cheeked, cherry-cheeked.

rot´wangig, rosy-cheeked, cherry-cheeked.

rü´cken, to move (intrans.), to advance (to, zu); näher rücken, to draw nearer.

back, to move (intrans.), to advance (to, zu); näher rücken, to get closer.

ru´fen (rief, gerufen), to shout, to call, to exclaim.

rufin (called, shouted out), to shout, to call, to exclaim.

Ru´he, f., rest, repose.

Ru´he, f., rest.

ru´hen, to rest, to lie down.

ru´hen, to rest, to recline.

ruh´ig, easy (-ily), tranquil(ly), calm(ly).

calm, easy, peaceful, relaxed.

run (dialect.) = ränne, (might), would run or flow.

run (dialect.) = ränne, (might), would flow.

rund, round, spherical.

round, spherical.

rü´stig, brisk(ly), vigorous(ly), active(ly).

rü´stig, briskly, vigorously, actively.

rut´schen, to glide, to slip.

rut´schen, to slide, to slip.

S.

Sach´, f. = Sache.

Thing, f. = Item.

Sa´che, f. (pl. -n), matter, affair; festivity.

Sa´che, f. (pl. -n), matter, issue; celebration.

Sack, m. (pl. -̈e), bag, oil-cloth bag.

Sack, m. (pl. -̈e), bag, oilcloth bag.

sa´gen, to say, to tell, to assert.

say it, to say, to tell, to assert.

sah nach, see nachsehen.

saw after, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sai´te, f. (pl. -n), chord, string.

Sai'te, f. (pl. -n), chord, string.

Sal´be, f. (pl. -n), salve, liniment.

salve, ointment, liniment

Salz´kammergut, n., name of an Austrian crown-land.

Salzkammergut, n., the name of an Austrian region.

sämt´liche, all, as a whole.

all, as a whole.

San´cho Pan´sa (a Spanish name), Sancho Panza.

Sancho Panza (a Spanish name), Sancho Panza.

Sand´hase, m. (pl. -n), hare living in sandy regions.

Sandhase, m. (pl. -n), hare that lives in sandy areas.

sanft, soft, gentle.

soft, gentle.

Sän´ger, m. (pl. ), singer.

Sänger, m. (pl. ), singer.

Sän´gerin, f. (pl. -nen), (female) singer, sweet singer, the girl who just had sung.

Singer, f. (pl. -nen), (female) singer, pleasant singer, the girl who just sang.

Sankt, Saint, St.

Saint, St.

saß; sa´ßen, see sitzen.

sits; sitting, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

sau´er, sour; hard, troublesome; es fällt mir sauer, it costs me great pains.

sour; hard, annoying; I’m feeling sour about it, it takes me a lot of effort.

sau´sen, to hurry, to steam.

sau´sen, to rush, to steam.

schaf´fens? (dialect.) = wünschen Sie? or wollen Sie?

schaf´fens? (dialect.) = do you want? or would you like?

schal´len, to sound.

schal´len, to resonate.

schau´derhaft, horrible, dreadful.

schau´derhaft, horrifying, terrible.

schau´en, to look (at, auf), to direct one’s eyes (to, auf).

look, to look (at, on), to direct one’s eyes (to, on).

schau´en ... herun´ter, see herunterschauen.

look ... down, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schaun’s ... aus (dialect.) = schauen Sie aus, see ausschauen.

Look out, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´rig, awful, dreadful; schauriges, dreadful things or reports.

creepy, awful, dreadful; creepy things, dreadful things or reports.

schaut aus, see ausschauen.

looks like, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´te ... drein, see dreinschauen.

looked ... __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´te ... hin, see hinschauen.

looked ... here, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´te hinaus´, see hinausschauen.

looked out, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´te ... nach, see nachschauen.

looked ... for, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schau´ten ... auf, see aufschauen.

looked up, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schei´den (schied, geschieden), intrans., to part, to separate.

divorce (divorced, divorced)), intrans., to part, to separate.

schei´nen (schien, geschienen), to seem, to appear.

shine (shone, shined)), to seem, to appear.

schen´ken, to give, to present.

give, present.

scher´zen, to make or poke fun.

scherzen, to tease or mock.

schi´cken, to send, to forward.

send, forward.

Schim´mer, m., gleam.

Schim´mer, m., shine.

schim´mern, to glisten.

schim´mern, to shine.

Schlaf, m., sleep, slumber.

Sleep, m., sleep, slumber.

schla´fen (schlief, geschlafen), to sleep; mit dem Schlafen, as to sleeping.

sleep (slept, slept), to sleep; with sleeping, in relation to sleeping.

schla´gen (schlug, geschlagen), to beat, to strike; aus der Art schlagen, to degenerate; nicht aus der Art schlagen, to take after one’s family; eine Brücke schlagen, to build or to throw a bridge; wie viel Uhr hat es geschlagen? what time is it?

hit (hit, hit)), to beat, to hit; auffällig sein, to go off the rails; nicht auffallen, to resemble one's family; eine Brücke bauen, to build or throw a bridge; What time is it? what time is it?

schlahn (dialect.) = schlagen, to beat, to strike, "to blow" (Longfellow).

schlahn (dialect.) = hit to hit, to strike, "to blow" (Longfellow).

schlei´chen (schlich, geschlichen), to steal away.

sneak away.

Schlei´er, m. (pl. ), veil.

veil

schlep´pen, sich, to be burdened.

schlep, to be burdened.

schlie´ßen (schloß, geschlossen), to close, to conclude, to finish.

schließen (schloss, geschlossen), to close, to conclude, to finish.

schließ´lich, finally.

finally.

schlimm, bad.

bad.

schlimm´ste (das), worst.

worst

schlin´gen (schlang, geschlungen), to sling, to wind, to twine, to twist.

slinging, to throw, to wrap, to intertwine, to twist.

schlug ... zusam´men, see zusammenschlagen.

hit ... together, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schlum´mer, m., slumber, sleep.

Schlum´mer, m., slumber, sleep.

schlum´merlos, sleepless, wakeful.

sleepless, awake.

Schlüs´sel, m. (pl. ), key.

key

Schluß, m. (pl. -̈e), close, end; am Schluß, at the close.

Conclusion, m. (pl. -̈e), close, end; at the end, at the end.

schme´cken, to taste; es schmeckt mir, I enjoy a dish; ich lasse es mir vortrefflich schmecken, I do full justice to my meal.

taste, to taste; I like the taste. I enjoy the food; I’m enjoying it a lot. I really savor my meal.

Schmerz, m. (pl. -en), pain, grief.

Pain, m. (pl. -en), pain, grief.

schmet´tern, to ring, to clang.

schmet´tern, to ring, to clang.

Schmied, m. (pl. -e), blacksmith.

Schmied, m. (pl. -e), blacksmith.

schmie´den, to fabricate, to plot, to concoct.

schmie´den, to create, to scheme, to invent.

schmun´zeln, to smile, to smirk.

smirk, smile.

Schnee, m., snow.

Snow

Schnee´treiben, n., snow-drift, heavy snow-fall.

Snowdrift, n., heavy snowfall.

schnell, quick(ly), prompt(ly).

fast, quick, prompt.

schnitt ... ab, see abschneiden.

cut ... off, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schnur, f. (pl. -̈e), string.

Schnur, f. (pl. -̈e), string.

schob ... zurück´, see zurückschieben.

pushed back, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

schon, already; (explet.) readily; beyond doubt, sure enough.

already, easily; (i.e.,) without a doubt, certainly.

schön, beautiful, handsome, fair.

beautiful, handsome, fair.

Schrank, m. (pl. -̈e), case, press, wardrobe.

Schrank, m. (pl. -̈e), case, cupboard, wardrobe.

schrei´ben (schrieb, geschrieben), to write; Einem etwas schreiben lassen, to have something communicated to one.

write (wrote, written), to write; Lass jemanden etwas schreiben. to have something communicated to someone.

Schrei´hals, m. (pl. -̈e), cry-baby, screamer.

Schrei´hals, m. (pl. -̈e), crybaby, screamer.

schrei´ten (schritt, geschritten), to step, to stride.

schrei'ten (stepped, stepped)), to step, to stride.

Schritt, m. (pl. -e), foot, step, pace; auf tausend Schritt, at (a distance of) a thousand feet.

Step, m. (pl. -s), foot, step, pace; a thousand steps away, at (a distance of) a thousand feet.

schritt ... zu, see zuschreiten.

step ... to, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schuh, m. (pl. -e), shoe.

Shoe, m. (pl. -s), shoe.

Schuld, f., fault; Sie sind schuld, it is your fault, you are the cause of.

Guilt f., fault; It's your fault. you are to blame, you are the reason for.

Schul´szepter, n. (pl. ), school-discipline, school-regulations.

School Scepter, n. (pl. ), school discipline, school regulations.

Schüs´sel, f. (pl. -n), dish, platter, plate.

Schüs´sel, f. (pl. -n), dish, platter, plate.

schüt´teln, to shake.

shake.

schwach, weak, feeble.

weak, feeble.

Schwan, m. (pl. -̈e), swan, (= „Zum Schwan“), "The Swan-Inn."

Swan, m. (pl. -̈e), swan, (= “The Swan Inn”).

Schwei´gen, n., silence.

Schwei´gen, n., silence.

schwei´gen (schwieg, geschwiegen), to be or to become silent, to be without a word.

schwei´gen (shut up, shut)), to be or to become silent, to have no words.

schweig´sam, quiet, silent, taciturn.

quiet, silent, reserved.

Schweiß, m., perspiration.

Schweiß, m., sweat.

Schweiz, f., Switzerland.

Switzerland

schwer, heavy, oppressive, difficult, hard, troublesome, stupefying; das Reden wurde ihr schwer, she found it hard to talk.

heavy heavy, oppressive, difficult, hard, troublesome, mind-numbing; it became hard for her to talk, she found it hard to talk.

Schwe´re, f., weight, heaviness.

Schwe´re, f., weight, heaviness.

Schwe´ster, f. (pl. -n), sister.

Sister, f. (pl. -n), sister.

See, m. (pl. -en), lake.

lake.

See´le, f. (pl. -n), soul.

soul

see´lenvoll, soul-breathing, congenial (in soul or mind), soul-gladdening.

soulful, uplifting, harmonious.

seg´nen, to bless, to praise.

seg´nen, to bless, to praise.

se´hen (sah, gesehen), to see.

se´hen (sah, gesehen), to look.

sehr, much, very much, exceedingly.

very, extremely.

sei! seid! (imperat.), be!

be!

1. sein, sei´ne, sein, his, its.

his, its

2. sein (war, gewesen), (auxil. verb), to be.

2. be (was, been)), (auxil. verb), to be.

seit (dat.), since, for.

since, for.

Sei´te, f. (pl. -n), side; zu seiner Seite, by his side; nach allen Seiten, in every direction; von Seiten, on the part.

Side f. (pl. -n), side; by his side to his side, next to him; everywhere from all sides, all around; on the side from the sides, from the perspective.

sel´ber = selbst.

sel´ber = self.

selbst, (my-, your-, his-, her-, our-, your-, them-) self or selves.

self, (my-, your-, his-, her-, our-, your-, their-) self or selves.

selbst´gesponnen (p.p.), self-spun, home-made.

self-spun, homemade.

Selbst´hilfe, f., self-help; Verein „Selbsthilfe“, club "Help Yourself!"

Self-help, f., self-help; Club "Help Yourself!", club "Help Yourself!"

Sen´ne, m. (pl. -n), Alpine herds-man.

Alpine herdsman

Sen´nerin, f. (pl. -nen), Alpine dairy-maid.

Alpine dairy maid.

set´zen, sich, to sit down, to take a seat (by the side of, zu).

setzen, to sit, to sit down, to take a seat (next to, zu).

setz´ten ... ein, see einsetzen.

set... in, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

sich (reflex. pron.), (him-, her-, your-, them-) self or selves.

self (reflexive pronoun), (himself, herself, yourself, themselves) self or selves.

si´cher, firm(ly), steady (-ily), delicate(ly).

sure, firm(ly), steady (-ily), delicate(ly).

Si´cherheit, f., firmness, stability; Gefühl der Sicherheit, security.

Security, firmness, stability; feeling of security.

sie she, (her), it; they (them).

sie she, (her), it; they (them).

Sie (in address), you.

They (in address), you.

Sie´bensachen (= sieben Sachen), (pl.), things, traps, bag and baggage.

Seven things (= seven things), (pl.), items, traps, belongings.

sieb´zehn, seventeen.

seventeen, seventeen.

Signo´ra, f. (Ital.), (young) lady.

Signora, f. (Ital.) lady.

sil´bern, silver, of silver.

silver, of silver.

sin´gen (sang, gesungen), to sing.

sing (sang, sung), to sing.

singt´s! (dialect.) = singt!

sing! (dialect.) = sing!

sin´ken (sank, gesunken), to sink, to fall.

sunk (sank, sunk)), to sink, to fall.

Sinn, m. (pl. -e), sense, mind.

Sinn, m. (pl. -e), sense, mind.

Sitz, m. (pl. -e), seat.

Seat, m. (pl. -e), seat.

sit´zen (saß, gesessen), to sit, to be seated; zu sitzen kommen, to be seated, to have a seat assigned.

sit (sat, sat), to sit, to be seated; to be seated, to have a seat assigned.

Skorpion´, m. (pl. -e), scorpion.

Scorpion.

so, so, so much, so very much; thus, therefore; in such a manner; so dir geschenkt was (war), if there was given to you.

so, so, so much, so very much; thus, therefore; in that way; so dir geschenkt wurde), if it was given to you.

sofort´, immediately, presently.

right away, immediately, now.

solch, such.

such.

soll, soll´te, shall, should (could, might, ought).

soll, soll´te, shall, should (could, might, ought).

sol´len, shall, to have to, to be to; to be said to.

sol'en, will have to, must, to be; to be described as.

sollt´ (= sollte), should, would.

should, would.

Som´merfrische, f. (pl. -n), summer-trip.

Summer getaway, f. (pl. -s), summer-trip.

Som´mernacht, f. (pl. -̈e), summer-night.

Summer Night, f. (pl. -̈e), summer night.

son´dern, but (after a negative clause).

sondern, but (after a negative clause).

Son´nenschein, m., sun-light, sun-beam.

Son´nenschein, m., sunlight, sunbeam.

son´nig, sunny, sun-shiny; sonnig und wonnig, perhaps: "sunny and funny."

sonny, sunny, bright; sunny and pleasant, maybe: "sunny and fun."

sonst, else, otherwise, usually, as a rule, in other respects; at other times; apart from this; sonst etwas, anything else.

or else otherwise, typically, generally, in other areas; at different times; other than this; or else something else, anything else.

sor´gen, to care (for, für), to look (after, für), to see (to, für).

sorgen to care (for, for), to look (after, for), to see (to, for).

so´weit, as far as, so far, so much.

so far, as far as, so much.

Spaß´vogel, m. (pl. ), wag, merry Andrew.

Joker, m. (pl. ), wag, merry Andrew.

spät, spä´ter, late, later.

late, later, late, later.

spie´len, to play.

spie´len, to play.

Spin´nerin, f. (pl. -nen), (female) spinner, girl by the spinning-wheel.

Fidget Spinner, f. (pl. -s), (female) spinner, girl at the spinning wheel.

Spinn´rocken, m. (pl. ), distaff, (=Spinn´rad) spinning-wheel.

Spinning wheel, m. (pl. ), distaff, (=Spinn´rad) spinning-wheel.

spitz, pointed, tapering.

pointed, tapered.

spi´tzen, to point, to sharpen; die Ohren spi´tzen, to prick up one’s ears.

great, to point, to sharpen; perk up your ears, to perk up one's ears.

spi´tzig, pointed, tapering.

spi´tzig, pointed, tapered.

Spleen, m. (English), spleen.

Spleen, m. (English), spleen.

Sprache, f. (pl. -n), speech, accent.

Language, f. (pl. -s), speech, accent.

sprechen, (sprach, gesprochen), to speak, to talk.

talking, (spoke, talked), to speak, to talk.

Spur, f. (pl. -en), trace.

Spur, f. (pl. -en), trace.

Staatsprüfung, f. (pl. -en), state-examination, final examination; die Staatsprüfung machen, to go in for the state-examination.

State examination, f. (pl. -en), state exam, final exam; take the state exam, to take the state exam.

Stadt, f. (pl. -̈e), city.

city

Stadt´leute, pl., city-folks; d’ Stadtleut’ (dialect.) = die Stadtleute.

City folks, pl., city-folks; d’ Stadtleut’ (dialect.) = die Stadtleute.

stahn (dialect.) = stehen, to stand.

stahn (dialect.) = stehen, to stand.

Stamm, m. (pl. -̈e), trunk, tree.

Trunk, tree.

stäm´mig, sturdy.

sturdy.

Stand, m. (pl. -̈e), station, standing.

Stand, m. (pl. -̈e), station, standing.

Ständ´chen, n. (pl. ), serenade; Einem ein Ständchen bringen, to serenade one; bei Ständchen, at serenades.

Serenade, n. (pl. Please provide the text for modernization.), serenade; Einem ein Lied singen to serenade someone; at the serenade, at serenades.

standhaft, steadfast, persevering.

steadfast, persevering.

stark, mighty (-ily), intensive(ly), strong(ly); good, measured (an hour); (adv.) much.

strong powerful (-ly), intense(ly), robust(ly); beneficial, timed (an hour); (adv.) a lot.

stär´ken, to strengthen; sich stärken, to grow stronger.

stär´ken, to strengthen; sich stärken, to become stronger.

ste´chen, (stach, gestochen), to sting, to run through.

sting, (stung, stung), to sting, to pierce.

ste´cken, to put, to place.

ste´cken, to put, to set.

Steck´nadel, f. (pl. -n), pin.

Pin, f. (pl. -n)

steck´ten ... zusam´men, see zusammenstecken.

were together, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

ste´hen (stand, gestanden), to stand, to be standing, to be planted, to be written; bereit stehen, to be available; zu Einem stehen wie, to stand by one as a ..., to be with one on terms of ...; zur Verfügung stehen, to be at one’s disposal; stehen bleiben, to stop.

stehen (stand, stood)), to stand, to be standing, to be planted, to be written; bereit stehen, to be available; to One stand like, to stand by someone as a ..., to be with someone on terms of ...; available to be at one’s disposal; stop to stop.

steh´len (stahl, gestohlen), to steal.

steal (stole, stolen), to steal.

Stei´erische(r), m., see Steirer.

Styrian, m., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

stei´gen, (stieg, gestiegen), to step in, to get in, to enter.

stei´gen, (rise, risen), to step in, to get in, to enter.

Stei´rer, m. (pl. ), Styrian, inhabitant of the Austrian crownland of Styria; a country-dance in Styria.

Steirer, m. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), Styrian, someone from the Austrian region of Styria; a folk dance in Styria.

steil, steep.

steep.

stel´len, to put, to place; in Aussicht stellen, to hold out a prospect.

stel´len, to put, to place; in prospect, to offer a prospect.

stellte ... vor, see vorstellen.

presented ... before, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Stell´wagen, m. (pl. ), stagecoach, diligence.

stagecoach, diligence

stem´peln, to stamp, to mark.

stamp, to stamp, to mark.

ster´ben (starb, gestorben), to die.

ster´ben (starb, gestorben), to pass away.

stie´gen ... zu, see zusteigen.

rise ... to, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

still, still, silent(ly), quiet(ly), low(ly), humble (-bly); im stillen, privately, by one’s self; still stehen, to stop.

still, still, silently, quietly, softly, humbly; in silence, privately, by oneself; stay still, to stop.

stil´le = still.

stil´le = still.

Stil´le, f., quietness, stillness; in der Stille, quietly.

Stil´le, f., quietness, stillness; in der Stille, quietly.

Stim´me, f. (pl. -n), voice; part (in vocal or instrumental music).

Voice, f. (pl. -n), voice; part (in vocal or instrumental music).

stim´men, to tune (a musical instrument.)

stim´men, to tune (a musical instrument.)

Stirn, f. (pl. -en), forehead, brow.

Forehead, brow.

sto´cken, to stop, to cease.

stop, cease

Stock´werk, n. (pl. -e), story (of a house).

Stockwerk, n. (pl. -e), floor (of a house).

Stor´chenfett, n., stork-suet.

Stor´chenfett, n., stork fat.

Storch´fetttopf, m. (pl. -̈e), (pot) jar with stork-suet, stork-suet box.

Stork Fat Pot, n. (pl. -̈e), (pot) jar for stork fat, stork fat container.

Stoß, m. (pl. -̈e), stroke; der letzte Stoß, finishing stroke.

Push, m. (pl. -̈e), stroke; the final push, finishing stroke.

Stra´ße, f. (pl. -n), street.

street

Stra´ßenecke, f. (pl. -n), street-corner.

Street corner, f. (pl. -n).

Streich, m. (pl. -e), trick, freak.

Streich, m. (pl. -e), trick, freak.

stri´cken, to knit; es wird gestrickt, some knitting is done.

knitting to knit; some knitting is being done, it's being knitted.

Strick´körbchen, n. (pl. ), work-basket.

Strick'körbchen, n. (pl. ), knitting basket.

Stroh, n., straw.

Stroh, straw.

Strom, m. (pl. -̈e), river, torrent, current; in Strömen, in torrents.

Stream, m. (pl. -̈e), river, torrent, current; in streams, in torrents.

Strumpf, m. (pl. -̈e), (worsted) stocking.

Strumpf, m. (pl. -̈e), wool sock.

Stüb´chen, n. (pl. ), little room, chamber, garret.

Stüb´chen, n. (pl. ), small room, chamber, attic.

Stu´be, f. (pl. -n), room; in der Stuben (dialectic, dat. sing.), indoors.

Stu'de, f. (pl. -n), room; in the living room (dialectic, dat. sing.), indoors.

Stu´benmädchen, n. (pl. ), chamber-maid.

Stu´benmädchen, n. (pl. ), housekeeper.

Student´, m. (pl. -en), student, undergraduate, collegian.

Student, m. (pl. -en), student, undergraduate, college student.

Studen´tengeschichte, f. (pl. -n), story from college-life.

Student story, college life.

Studen´tenlied, n. (pl. -er), college-song.

Student Song, n. (pl. -s), college song.

Stu´dio, m. (abbrev. of Lat. Studiosus), pl. -s, student, collegian.

Studio, m. (abbrev. of Lat. Studiosus), pl. -s, student, college student.

Stu´dium, n. (pl. Studien), study.

Studium, n. (pl. Studien), study.

Stuhl, m. (pl. -̈e), chair.

chair

stumm, silent, without (saying) a word.

silent, without saying a word.

Stun´de, f. (pl. -n), hour.

Stunde, f. (pl. -n), hour.

stun´denlang (adj.), lasting one or more hours; (adv.) for hours.

stunning (adj.), lasting for one or more hours; (adv.) for hours.

stür´men, to storm.

stür´men, to attack.

stü´tzen, to rest, to support.

stü´tzen, to relax, to support.

subtrahie´ren, to subtract.

subtract, to subtract.

su´chen, to look for, to occupy.

su'chen, to search, to occupy.

such´te ... aus, see aussuchen.

searched ... out, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sü´den, m., south; nach Süden, (towards the) south.

South, m., south; to the south, (towards the) south.

Sum´me, f. (pl. -n), sum or amount (of money).

Sum, f. (pl. -n), sum or amount (of money).

süß, sweet.

sweet.

T.

Tag, m. (pl. -e), day.

Tag, (pl. -e), day.

Takt, m., tact, right feeling.

Tact, right feeling.

Tan´ne, f. (pl. -n), fir-tree.

Fir tree, f. (pl. -n).

Tan´nenbaum, m. (pl. -̈e), fir-tree.

Tannenbaum, fir tree.

Tan´te, f. (pl. -n), aunt.

Aunt, f. (pl. -s), aunt.

Tanz, m. (pl. -̈e), dance.

Dance, m. (pl. -̈e), dance.

tanzen, to dance; der Tanzende, dancer.

dance, to dance; the dancer, dancer.

Ta´schentuch, n. (pl. -̈er), pocket-handkerchief.

pocket square

Tau´ern = die hohen Tauern, pl., High Tauern Mountains.

Tauern = the high Tauern, pl., High Tauern Mountains.

Tau´ernhaus, n., "High Tauern Inn," Summit House.

Tauern House, n., "High Tauern Inn," Summit House.

Tau´ernwirt, m., host or landlord of the "High Tauern Inn."

Tauern Inn, m., host or landlord of the "High Tauern Inn."

tau´send, thousand; was tausend! (interj.) the deuce! Good Gracious!

thousand, thousand; Wow, that's amazing! (interj.) no way! Oh my goodness!

tau´sendmal, (a) thousand times.

tau´sendmal, (a) a thousand times.

Teil, m. (pl. -e), part, share; zu teil werden, to fall to one’s share, to be granted or bestowed.

Section, m. (pl. -e), part, share; to be approved, to receive one's share, to be given or awarded.

tei´len, to divide, to part; sich teilen, to share; to divide itself, to fork.

teilen, to divide, to part; share to share; to split itself, to fork.

Tenor´, m. (pl. -e), tenor; hoher Tenor, upper tenor.

Tenor (pl. -e), tenor; higher tenor.

Terzett´, n. (pl. -e), terzetto, trio.

Terzett, n. (pl. -e), terzetto, trio.

teu´er (attrib. teurer, teure, teures), dear (dearest); expensive.

dear (attrib. expensive), dear (dearest); costly.

Tha´rau, Tharau (fictitious name).

Tharau, Tharau (fictional name).

that ... weh, see wehthun.

that ... ugh, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

thät´s (condit., dialect. = würde thun or würde), would.

thät's, would.

Thee, m., tea.

You, m., tea.

Thee´kessel, m. (pl. ), tea-kettle.

Teakettle, m. (pl. ), tea-kettle.

Thor, n. (pl. -e), (city-)gate; vor die Thore, outside the city-gates.

Thor, n. (pl. -e), (city-)gate; at the gates, outside the city gates.

Thrä´ne, f. (pl. -n), tear.

Thrä´ne, f. (pl. -n), tear.

thun (that, gethan), to do, to work, to busy one’s self.

thun (that, gethan), to do, to work, to keep oneself busy.

Thür(e), f. (pl. Thüren), door.

door

thut´s (dialect.) = thut; kennen thut’s kein Mensch (dialect.) = kein Mensch erkennt Sie.

thut's (dialect.) = thut; nobody knows that (dialect.) = no one knows who you are.

tief, deep(ly), profound(ly), lively (conversation).

deep, profound, lively conversation.

Tier´welt, f. animal world, animal kingdom.

Animal World, f. animal world, animal kingdom.

Tisch, m. (pl. -e), table.

Table, m. (pl. -s), table.

Toch´ter, f. (pl. ), daughter.

Daughter.

Töch´terlein, n. (pl. ), beloved daughter, darling daughter.

Daughter, beloved, darling daughter.

Tod, m., death.

Death, m., death.

To´desnachricht, f. (pl. -en), news of some one’s death.

Obituary, f. (pl. -s), information about someone's death.

toll, frantic, nonsensical.

cool, chaotic, absurd.

Ton, m. (pl. -̈e), tone, tune, sound of one’s voice.

Ton, m. (pl. -̈e), tone, tune, sound of one's voice.

topp! (interj.), done! agreed!

awesome! (interj.), done! agreed!

Trabant´, m. (pl. -en), follower.

Trabant, m. (pl. -en), follower.

tra´fen ... zusam´men, see zusammentreffen.

collided ... together, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

traf´s (dialect.) = träf(e) es, might (could) hit it.

traf´s (dialect.) = träf(e) es, might hit.

tra´gen (trug, getragen), to carry, to bear, to wear.

tragen (carry, carried), to carry, to bear, to wear.

Trag´weite, f., range (of a gun).

Trag´weite, f., gun range.

trau´en, to trust (to, dat.), to rely (upon, dat.).

trust, to trust (to, dat.), to rely (on, dat.).

Traum, m. (pl. -̈e), dream; schwerer Traum, oppressive dream.

Dream, m. (pl. -̈e), dream; schwerer Traum, heavy dream.

trau´rig, dreary, wretched.

sad, gloomy, miserable.

tref´fen (traf, getroffen), to strike, to hit; sich treffen, to meet (one another).

tref´fen (traf, getroffen), to hit, to strike; meet up, to meet (each other).

trei´ben (trieb, getrieben), to drive, to carry on, to deal, to do, to urge on, to compel.

driven (drove, driven), to drive, to carry on, to handle, to do, to encourage, to force.

tren´nen, to separate, to part; sich trennen, to part with or from one another.

tren´nen, to separate, to part; break up, to part with or from one another.

treu, true (truly), faithful(ly), devoted(ly).

true, faithful, devoted.

treu´herzig, true-hearted, sincere.

true-hearted, sincere.

trin´ken (trank, getrunken), to drink.

drink (drunk, drunk), to drink.

tro´cken, dry(ly), cool(ly).

dry, dryly, coolly.

trock´nen, to dry, to get dry.

dry, to dry out.

Trost, m., solace, relief, comfort; recht bei Trost sein, to be in one’s right mind.

Trost, m., solace, relief, comfort; right be comforted, to be in a clear state of mind.

trö´sten, to relieve, to cheer.

trö´sten, to comfort, to cheer.

trotz (genit.), in spite of.

in spite of

trotzdem´, nevertheless; (= trotzdem daß), although.

trotzdem´, nevertheless; (= trotzdem daß), although.

Ty´phus, m., typhus (-fever).

Typhus, m., typhus (-fever).

Tyro´ler, m. (pl. ), Tyrolese, inhabitant of Tyrol; roter Tyroler, (home-grown) claret of Tyrol.

Tyrolean, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you would like modernized.), a person from Tyrol; red Tyrolean, (locally produced) red wine from Tyrol.

Tyro´lerhut, m. (pl. -̈e), Tyrolese hat, Alpine hat.

Tyrolean hat, Alpine hat.

U.

ü´bel, evil, ill, bad, amiss; nicht so ganz übel sein (colloq.), to be not amiss, analog., to be not half bad.

ü´bel, evil, sick, bad, wrong; not so bad (colloq.), to not be so bad, analog., to be not half bad.

ü´ber (dat., accus.), over, above, across, by way of, about, regarding, as to, at; über Venedig, by way of ("via") Venice.

over (dat., accus.), over, above, across, through, about, concerning, regarding; about Venice, via Venice.

überfal´len (überfiel, überfallen), to attack.

überfal´len (überfiel, überfallen), to ambush.

ü´bergehen (ging, gegangen), to pass over; to change, to turn, (into, in).

ü´bergehen (went, gone)), to go over; to change, to turn, (into, in).

überhaupt´, generally, usually, in general, as a rule, altogether, for the rest.

Overall, generally, usually, in general, as a rule, altogether, for the rest.

überle´ben, to survive.

survive.

ü´bernächtig, nightly, nocturnal, night-; übernächtige Arbeit, nocturnal study, lucubration.

overnight, nightly, nocturnal, night-; night shift, nighttime study, late-night work.

Uhr, f. (pl. -en), clock, watch, (timepiece), time, o’clock; wie viel Uhr? what time? um vier Uhr, at four o’clock.

Watch, f. (pl. -en), clock, watch, (timepiece), time, o’clock; what time is it? what time? at 4 PM, at four o’clock.

um (accus.), around, about, concerning, for, at (time); (conj.), in order to, to; um ... willen, for the sake of; um ... so hübscher, all the more pretty; um sechs, at six o’clock; ums = um das.

um (accus.), around, about, concerning, for, at (time); (conj.), in order to, to; um ... will, for the sake of; um ... so pretty, all the more pretty; at six, at six o’clock; ums = um to.

Um´gang, m., intercourse.

interaction.

um´hängen, to hang round or about (the shoulders).

um´hängen, to drape around or about (the shoulders).

um´kehren, to turn round, to return, to go back; rechts umgekehrt! right about face!

turn around, to turn back, to go back; turn around! right about face!

ums = um das.

ums = um das.

umschlin´gen (umschlang, umschlungen), to clasp round, to embrace, to cling (to, accus.).

to embrace (embraced, embraced), to wrap around, to hug, to hold on (to, accus.).

umsonst´, for nothing, gratis.

for free, no charge.

um´wenden (wandte, gewandt), to turn or to face round (to, nach).

um´wenden (wended, wended)), to turn or to face around (to, towards).

um´werfen (warf, geworfen), to get out (of singers); wir warfen beinahe um, we had a narrow escape of getting out.

to toss (tossed, tossed), to get out (of singers); we almost got kicked out, we had a close call of getting out.

un´bedacht (or unbedacht´), p.p., thoughtless(ly), inadvertent(ly).

un´bedacht (or unbedacht´), p.p., thoughtlessly, inadvertently.

un´belästigt (or unbelä´stigt), p.p., unmolested, unpestered.

unbothered

un´bemittelt (p.p.), impecunious, without means.

un´bemittelt (p.p.), broke, without means.

und, and.

and.

un´ermüdlich (or unermüd´lich), indefatigable.

indefatigable.

un´eröffnet (or uneröff´net), p.p., unopened, not broken open.

unopened, not broken open.

un´gefähr, about, approximately.

about, approximately.

un´gemein, uncommon, rare, extraordinary.

uncommon, rare, extraordinary.

un´gewohnt (or ungewohnt´), p.p., unwonted, unaccustomed, unusual.

unaccustomed

Universitäts´jahre, pl., college-years.

College years, pl., college-years.

uns (dat., accus.), to us, us.

to us, us.

Un´schuld, f., innocence.

Innocence, f.

un´ser, un´sere, un´ser, our.

our.

un´sereiner, un´sereine, un´sereins, one of us, such as we, our like.

one of us, one of our kind, one of ours, someone like us, our type.

un´sichtbar, invisible, scarce; sich in L. unsichtbar machen (colloq.), to leave L.

invisible invisible, rare; to make oneself invisible to L. (colloq.), to leave L.

un´ten (adv.), below, down there; von unten, from the valley.

below (adv.), below, down there; from below, from the valley.

un´ter (dat., accus.), under, below, beneath; among (of a number), unter´m = unter dem.

beneath (dative, accusative), under, below, beneath; among (of a number), under'm = under the.

unterhal´ten (unterhielt, unterhalten), sich, to converse.

to chat

un´terkimmet (dialect.) = unterkämen or unterkommen würden, should (could) find shelter.

un'terkimmet (dialect.) = unterkämen or unterkommen würden, should (could) find shelter.

Un´terkunft, f., shelter, accommodation.

Accommodation, f., shelter.

unter´m = unter dem.

unter'm = under the

unterwegs´, on the way.

on the way.

un´verändert (or unverän´dert), p.p., unchanged, the same.

unchanged, the same.

un´vergeßlich (or unvergeß´lich), not (never) to be forgotten.

memorable (or memorable), not (never) to be forgotten.

un´vermerkt (or unvermerkt´), p.p., unperceived, (adv.), unawares.

un´vermerkt (or unvermerkt´), p.p., unnoticed, (adv.), unexpectedly.

un´vermutet (or unvermu´tet), p.p., unexpected(ly).

unexpected(ly)

Un´wetter, n., bad (cruel) weather.

Storm, n., bad (cruel) weather.

un´zerreißbar (or unzerreiß´bar), untearable (-ly), inextinguishable (-bly).

untearable, inextinguishable

Ur´laub, m., leave of absence.

Vacation, m., leave of absence.

Ur´teil, n. (pl. -e), judgment, opinion.

Verdict, n. (pl. -s), judgment, opinion.

Utensi´lien, pl., utensils, implements; supply.

Utensils, tools; supply.

V.

Va´terland, n., fatherland.

Fatherland, n.

Vene´dig, Venice.

Venice.

veran´stalten, to get up, to arrange.

organize, to get up, to arrange.

verar´beiten, to beat, to thrash, to belabor.

workflow, to hit, to strike, to overwork.

verbei´ßen (verbiß, verbissen), to suppress; sich das Lachen verbeißen, to stifle a laugh.

grit (gritted, gritting), to hold back; lachen unterdrücken, to hold back a laugh.

verbeu´gen, sich, to bow, to make one’s obeisance (to, gegen).

sich verbeugen to bow, to show respect (to, against).

verbie´ten (verbot, verboten), to forbid.

verbie´ten (verbot, verboten), to ban.

Verbin´dung, f. (pl. -en), relation.

Connection, f. (pl. -en), relation.

verblüfft´, (p.p.), put out, struck all of a heap.

amazed, (p.p.), put out, completely taken aback.

verdorrt´ (p.p.), withered.

withered.

verdutzt´, (p.p.), puzzled, taken aback.

Verein´, m. (pl. -e), association, club; Verein „Selbsthilfe,“ club "Help-Yourself."

Verein, m. (pl. -e), association, club; Verein „Selbsthilfe,” club "Help-Yourself."

verei´nen, sich, to join, to concentrate (to, zu).

combine, unite, to join, to concentrate (to, zu).

verei´nigen, to unite (= vereinbaren), to reconcile; sich vereinigen, to come to an understanding with one’s self.

unite, to unite (= schedule), to reconcile; sich zusammenschließen, to come to an understanding with oneself.

verein´samt (p.p.), lonely, solitary.

verein´samt (p.p.), alone, solitary.

Verfas´ser, m. (pl. ), author, writer.

Author, m. (pl. ), author, writer.

verfol´gen, to follow up, to pursue.

verfol´gen, to follow up, to chase.

Verfol´gung, f. (pl. -en), persecution, "oppression" (Longfellow).

Persecution, f. (pl. -en), persecution, "oppression" (Longfellow).

verfro´ren (p.p.), frozen.

frozen

Verfü´gung, f., disposal; zur Verfügung stehen, to be at one’s disposal.

Disposal, f., disposal; to be accessible, to be at one’s disposal.

Vergan’genheit, f., the past, things (time) past.

Past f., the past, things (time) that have already happened.

verge´ben (vergab, vergeben), to forgive, to pardon.

forgive (forgave, forgiven), to forgive, to excuse.

Verge´bung, f., pardon; (ich bitte) um Vergebung! (I beg your) pardon! pardon me!

Forgiveness, f., excuse me; (I request) forgiveness! (I beg your) pardon! pardon me!

verges´sen (vergaß, vergessen), to forget, to leave behind.

forgotten, to forget, to leave behind.

Vergnü´gen, n. (pl., Vergnügungen), pleasure, delight, pastime; vor Vergnügen, with joy.

Awesome, n. (pl., Fun), pleasure, delight, leisure activity; with joy, with happiness.

vergnügt´ (p.p.), cheerful, joyous.

cheerful, joyful.

verhal´ten (verhielt, verhalten), to keep back, to retain, to suppress.

behavior (behaved, behaved), to hold back, to keep, to suppress.

Verhand´lung, f. (pl. -en), debate, proceedings.

Negotiation, f. (pl. -en), debate, proceedings.

verkeh´ren, to commune, to associate.

verkeh´ren, to connect, to associate.

verkehrt´ (p.p.), wrong.

verkehrt´ (p.p.), incorrect.

Verklä´rung, f., bliss.

Verklä´rung, f., bliss.

verklin´gen (verklang, verklungen), to die away.

to fade away.

Verkno´tigung, f. (pl. -en), firm knitting, close tie, "as links to the chain" (Longfellow).

Connection, f. (pl. -s), strong knitting, tight bond, "like links in a chain" (Longfellow).

verkrie´chen (verkroch, verkrochen), sich, to creep into.

verkrie´chen (verkroch, verkrochen), sich, to hide away.

verlas´sen (verließ, verlassen), to leave, to quit.

leave (left, left)), to leave, to quit.

verle´gen (p.p.), embarrassed, puzzled.

embarrassed, confused.

Verle´genheit, f. (pl. -en), embarrassment, perplexity.

Verlegenheit, f. (pl. -en), embarrassment, confusion.

verlei´hen (verlieh, verliehen), to give, to bestow (upon, dat.), to vest (in, dat.).

verliehen), to give, to grant (to, dat.), to invest (in, dat.).

Verletz´ung, f. (pl. -en), injury, hurt, lesion.

Injury, hurt, lesion.

verlie´ren (verlor, verloren), to lose; sich verlieren, to be lost.

lose (lost, lost), to lose; to be confused, to be lost.

Verlo´bungszeit, f., time between betrothal and marriage.

Engagement phase, f., time between getting engaged and getting married.

vermei´den (vermied, vermieden), to shun, to evade, to shirk.

avoid (avoided, avoided), to avoid, to dodge, to get out of.

Vermö´gen, n., property, competence.

Vermögen, n., assets, skills.

verpa´cken, to pack, to pack up, to keep safe.

packaging, to pack, to pack up, to keep safe.

verpflich´tet (p.p.), bound, obliged (to do, zu).

verpflich´tet (p.p.), bound, obligated (to do, zu).

verpu´tzeln (dialect.), to mask, to disguise.

verpu´tzeln (dialect.), to mask, to disguise.

verra´ten (verriet, verraten), to disclose, to divulge, to let out.

betray (betrayed, betrayed), to reveal, to share, to leak.

verrei´sen, to go on a journey; verreist sein, to be on a journey.

travel; to be traveling.

Vers, m. (pl. -e), verse, strophe, lines.

verse, strophe, lines

verschämt´ (p.p.), bashful, modest.

shy, modest.

verschie´den, different(ly), differing, widely different, separate(ly); verschieden sein, to differ.

different, different(ly), differing, widely different, separate(ly); be different, to differ.

verschö´nern, to beautify, to embellish, to make or to render more interesting.

beautify, to beautify, to embellish, to make or to make more interesting.

verschwei´gen (verschwieg, verschwiegen), to pass over in silence, to suppress.

keep silent (kept silent, kept silent), to ignore, to keep quiet about.

verschwin´den (verschwand, verschwunden), to disappear, to leave.

disappear), to vanish, to go away.

verse´hen (versah, versehen), sich, to expect, to be aware (of, accus.).

versehen (versah, versehen)), yourself, to expect, to be aware (of, accus.).

versin´ken (versank, versunken), to be absorbed or lost (in thoughts, in sich).

submerge (submerged, submerged)), to be absorbed or lost (in thoughts, in itself).

versor´gen, to take care (of one, accus.), to settle one.

versorgen, to take care of someone, to settle someone.

verste´hen (verstand, verstanden), to understand; sich verstehen, to be a judge (of, auf).

understand (understood, understood)), to understand; get to know each other, to be a judge (of, auf).

versun´ken (p.p.), absorbed (in thoughts).

versun´ken (p.p.), lost in thought.

verun´glücken to come to grief, to be lost.

mess up to have a failure, to be lost.

verwei´gern, to refuse (some one, dat.), something.

verwei´gern, to refuse (someone, dat.), something.

verwit´tert (p.p.), weather-beaten.

widowed (p.p.), weather-beaten.

verwun´dern, to surprise, to amaze; sich verwundern, to be surprised.

amazing, to surprise, to amaze; be amazed, to be surprised.

verwün´schen, to curse, to wish at Jericho.

verwün´schen, to curse, to banish.

verzie´hen (verzog, verzogen), sich, to withdraw, to retire.

withdraw, retire

verzie´ren, to adorn.

verzie´ren, to decorate.

verzwei´felt (p.p.), desperate, hopeless; ein verzweifeltes Gesicht machen, to look desperate or hopeless.

desperate (p.p.), feeling desperate, feeling hopeless; to make a sad face, to look desperate or hopeless.

Vetturin´, m. (Ital., vetturi´no), hackney-coachman, cabman.

Vetturin´, m. (Ital., vetturi´no), taxi driver.

viel, vie´le, much; many; wie viel Uhr? what time?

viel, vie´le, much; many; what time is it?

vielleicht´, perhaps, probably.

maybe, perhaps, probably.

vier, four.

four.

vier´te (der), fourth.

fourth (der), fourth.

Viertelstun´de, f. (pl. -n), quarter of an hour.

quarter of an hour

vier´zig, forty; die Vierzig, the age of between 40 and 50 years; the forties.

40 forty; the 1940s, the age of between 40 and 50 years; the forties.

Virgil´ or Virgi´lius, Vergil.

Virgil or Vergil.

Volks´lied, n. (pl. -er), popular song, national song, ballad.

Folk music, n. (pl. -s), popular song, national anthem, ballad.

voll, full (of, von), replete (with, von), complete.

full, replete (with), complete.

vollauf´ abundantly, plentifully.

fully, plentifully.

vollen´den, to go through, to finish, to complete.

complete, to go through, to finish, to complete.

voll´ends, completely.

totally, completely.

völ´lig (adv.), full(y), complete(ly), altogether, very.

völ´lig (adv.), fully, completely, altogether, very.

vom = von dem.

vom = from the.

von (dat.), of, from; by; von ... her, from.

from (dat.), of, from; by; from her, from.

vor (dat., accus.), before, in front of; ago (time); on account of, at; vor sich haben, to confront.

before (dative, accusative), before, in front of; ago (time); because of, at; have in front of them to face.

vorab´ (obsol.), first of all, particularly.

first of all, particularly

voran´ (dat., postpositive), before, ahead, at the head of.

forward (dat., postpositive), before, ahead, at the front of.

voran´schreiten (schritt, geschritten), to precede (some one, dat.)

advance (step, stepped)), to move ahead of someone, dative

vorbei´kommen (kam, gekommen), to pass (by).

pass (by)

vorher´, before.

before, before.

vor´holen, to fetch out, to take in their midst.

retrieve, to bring out, to pull in their midst.

vor´kommen (kam, gekommen), to seem, to appear (to one, dat.); to be mentioned.

occur (came, come), to seem, to appear (to someone, dat.); to be mentioned.

vorn (adv.), in front, in the forepart.

vorn (adv.), at the front, in the front part.

Vor´namen, m. (pl. ), Christian-name.

First names, Christian names.

vorndran´, ahead of all.

vorndran´, in front of everyone.

vor´ne, in front, in the front-room.

in front, in the living room.

vor´nehmen (nahm, genommen), to execute, to perform.

vornehmen (nahm, genommen)), to carry out, to do.

Vor´sicht, f. care, prudence.

Caution, care, prudence.

Vor´sorge, f., foresight, precaution; zur Vorsorge, as a matter of precaution.

Prevention, f., foresight, precaution; as a precaution, as a matter of safety.

vor´sorglich (adv.), carefully, as a precaution.

as a precaution

Vor´steherin, f. (pl. -nen), head-mistress, directrix.

Principal, f. (pl. -nen), head-mistress, directrix.

vor´stellen, to introduce one (to, dat.); sich vorstellen, to introduce one’s self.

introduce, to present someone (to, dat.); introduce yourself, to present one’s self.

Vor´stellung, f. (pl. -en), introduction, presentation.

Presentation, f. (pl. -en), introduction, presentation.

vortreff´lich, hearty (-ily), splendid(ly).

excellent, hearty (-ily), splendid(ly).

vorü´berziehen (zog, gezogen), to pass by (one, an).

pull over (pulled, pulled)), to pass by (someone, to).

vor´wärts, forward(s)! onward! on!

forward, onward!

W.

wach´sen (wuchs, gewachsen), to grow; wüchse! would or might grow!

wach´sen (wuchs, gewachsen), to grow; wüchse! would or might grow!

wa´cker, good, valiant, gallant.

wacker, good, brave, gallant.

Wa´gen, m. (pl. ), carriage, coach, stage-coach; am Wagen hin, along the side of the stage-coach.

Wagon, m. (pl. Understood! Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), cart, carriage, or coach; to the car, alongside the coach.

wa´gen, to risk, to dare, to undertake.

bet, to take a chance, to be bold, to embark on.

Wahl, f. (pl. -en), choice.

Wahl, f. (pl. -en), option.

wäh´len, to choose.

wäh´len, to select.

wahr, true; nicht wahr? is it not so?

true; is it not so?

wäh´rend (genit.), during; (conj.) while.

during; while.

Wai´senkind, n. (pl. -er), orphan (-child).

Waisenkind, n. (pl. -er), orphan.

Wai´senknabe, m. (pl. -n), orphan (-boy).

Waisenkind, (pl. -er), orphan boy.

Wald, m. (pl. -̈er), wood(s), forest.

Wald, m. (pl. -̈er), woods, forest.

Wald´ecke, f. (pl. -n), edge of the wood.

Wald´ecke, f. (pl. -n), edge of the woods.

Wand, f. (pl. -̈e), wall; an der Wand, along the wall.

Wall, f. (pl. -̈e), wall; by the wall, along the wall.

wan´dern, to wander; to be taken, to be put or packed.

roam, to roam; to be carried, to be placed or packed.

Wan´ge, f. (pl. -n), cheek.

Wan'ge, f. (pl. -n), cheek.

wan´ken, to falter, to fail.

wan´ken, to stumble, to fail.

wann, when; dann und wann, (every) now and then, at times.

when; occasionally, at times.

Wap´pen, n. (pl. ), escutcheon, coat of arms.

Wappen, n. (pl. ), shield, coat of arms.

war; wa´ren, see auxil. sein.

war; were, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

wär´ = wäre, would be.

wär´ = would be, would.

wä´ren = würden sein, would have; would be.

wä´ren = would be, would have; would be.

war´fen ... um, see umwerfen.

war´fen ... um, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

warm, warm(ly), passionate(ly).

warm, warmly, passionately.

war´nen, to warn, to caution, to counsel prudence.

alert, to alert, to advise, to encourage caution.

wär´s = würde es sein.

wär´s = would it be.

war´ten, to wait (for, auf).

war´ten, to wait (for, on).

was, what (= etwas), somewhat, something; was noch, what else.

was what (= something), somewhat, something; was else, what else.

was´sergeprüft (p.p.), water-proof, water-tight.

was´sergeprüft (p.p.), waterproof, watertight.

Was´serglas, n. (pl. -̈er), tumbler.

Was´serglas, n. (pl. -̈er), glass.

wat (dialect.), what.

what

we´cken, to waken, to call (up).

wake, to awaken, to call (up).

Weck´schnitt, m. (pl. -e), or Weckschnitte, f. (pl. -n) (rhomb-shaped) slice of bread.

Weck'schnitt (m.) (pl. -e), or Weckschnitte (f.) (pl. -n) (rhombus-shaped) slice of bread.

we´der, neither; weder ... noch (correlat.), neither ... nor.

neither neither; neither ... nor (correlat.), neither ... nor.

Weg, m. (pl. -e), way, road.

way, road.

weg, away; weit weg, far away.

away, away; far away, far away.

weg´holen, to (fetch) call away.

pick up, to (fetch) call away.

weg´ziehen (zog, gezogen), intrans. to move away.

weg´ziehen (zog, gezogen), intrans. to relocate.

weh´thun (that, gethan), to ache, to give pain.

weh'thun (that, gethan), to ache, to cause pain.

we´he (adj.), aching, painful; Einem wehe thun, to hurt one’s feelings.

we've (adj.), aching, painful; Einem weht weh, to hurt one’s feelings.

we´hen, to blow, to wave.

we´hen, to blow, to wave.

weh´mütig, woeful(ly), doleful(ly).

weh´mütig, woefully, dolefully.

weh´ren, sich, to resist.

weh'ren, sich, to resist.

Weib, n. (pl. -er), woman, wife.

Woman, n. (pl. -er), female, spouse.

Weib´chen, n. (pl. ), (pretty) young wife.

Wife  n. (pl. ), (pretty) young wife.

weich, soft, gentle, mild.

soft, gentle, mild.

wei´hen, to devote.

consecrate, to devote.

weil, because, as, since.

because, as, since.

Wei´le, f., while, pause.

While, f., pause.

Wein, m. (pl. -e), wine.

Wine, m. (pl. -s), wine.

wei´nen, to weep, to shed tears.

to cry, to shed tears.

Wei´se, f. (pl. -n), manner, way; melody, air.

Wei´se, f. (pl. -n), style, method; tune, melody.

1. weiß (adj.), white.

weiß (adj.), white.

2. weiß (verb), see wissen.

2. weiß (verb), __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

weit; wei´ter, far; further on; nicht mehr weiter, not any further; weiter ziehen, to move on, to proceed.

far; further, far; further on; no more going further, not any further; move on, to move on, to proceed.

wei´te (der), wide.

wide (der), wide.

wei´tere (der), further; ohne weiteres, without any more ado, without ceremony, off-hand.

further), further; without further delay, without any more formality, casually.

wel´cher, wel´che, wel´ches, who, which; welcher? which?

who, which; which?

wel´ken, to fade, to wither.

fade, wither

Welt, f., world; auf der Welt, in the (whole) world.

World, f., world; in the world, in the (entire) world.

Welt´getümmel, n., bustle (turmoil, throng) of the world.

World chaos, n., the hustle and bustle (turmoil, crowd) of the world.

wen, whom.

wen, whom.

wen´den (wandte, gewandt), sich, to address (one, an), to apply or to appeal (to, an).

wenden (turned, turned)), yourself, to address (one, an), to apply or to appeal (to, an).

Wen´dung, f. (pl. -en), turning-point, crisis.

Turning point, crisis.

we´nig; we´nige, little; a few.

we´nig; we´nige, little; a few.

wenn, if, when, whenever; wie wenn, as if.

if, when, whenever; as if.

wer, who, he who; wer? who? wer ... der, who.

who, he who; who? who.

wer´ben (warb, geworben), to woo, to court (one, um).

wer´ben (past: warb, past participle: geworben)), to attract, to court (someone, for).

wer´den (wurde [ward], geworden), to become, to turn out; or auxil. for the formation of the pass. voice and the fut., and the cond. act.

become (became [was], become), to become, to turn out; or auxiliary for forming the passive voice and the future, and the conditional active.

wer´fen (warf, geworfen), to throw, to cast.

werfen (war, thrown)), to throw, to cast.

Wer´fener, of (the town of) Werfen.

Werfen, in the town of Werfen.

wert, worth, valuable, dear; werthalten, to esteem, to value.

value, valuable, precious; to appreciate, to appreciate, to recognize.

Wet´ter, n. (bad) weather, "wild weather" (Longfellow).

Weather, n. (bad) weather, "wild weather" (Longfellow).

Wet´terloch, n. (pl. -̈er), bad-weather-quarter.

Wet´terloch, n. (pl. -̈er), bad weather quarter.

wickeln, to wrap.

wrap, to wrap.

wie, as, like; how? Wie heißen Sie? what are you called? what is your name?

how, as, like; how? What’s your name? what are you called? what is your name?

wie´der, again.

again.

Wie´dersehen, n., meeting again.

See you later, n., meeting again.

wiewohl´, although.

although

wild, wild, impetuous.

wild, reckless.

wild´fremd (or wildfremd´), utterly strange, utter stranger.

wildly unfamiliar, complete stranger.

will, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wind, m. (pl. -e), wind, breeze.

Wind, m. (pl. -e), wind, breeze.

win´ken, to beckon (to, dat.).

wink, to beckon (to, dat.).

Win´ter, m. (pl. —), winter.

Winter, m. (pl. —), winter.

wir, we.

we.

wirk´lich, real(ly), actual(ly), true (truly); wirklich? is that so?

really, real(ly), actual(ly), true (truly); seriously? is that true?

wirst, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wirt, m. (pl. -e), landlord.

Wirt, m. (pl. -e), host.

Wirt´schaft, f. (pl. -en), (colloq.), doings, goings on.

Economy, f. (pl. -en), (colloq.), activities, goings-on.

wi´schen, to wipe.

wipe

wis´sen (pres. t., weiß, weißt, weiß; wissen, etc.), wußte, gewußt, to know; er weiß nicht zu fragen, he cannot tell; wisse! you must know! let me tell you!

know (present tense, white, you know, white; know etc.), knew, known to know; he doesn't know to ask, he can't ask; wisse! you should know! let me tell you!

Wis´senschaft, f. (pl. -en), science, learning.

Wis´senschaft, f. (pl. -en), science, education.

wit´tern, to scent.

wit´tern, to smell.

wo, where (place), when (time).

where, where (place), when (time).

Wo´che, f. (pl. -n), week.

Week, f. (pl. -n), week.

wo´chenlang, for weeks.

for weeks.

wo´gen, to wave, to surge.

wave, to wave, to surge.

woher´ (emphat. wo´her), whence, from where.

from where

wohin´ (emphat. wo´hin), whither, where.

where to (emphat. where´to), where.

wohl (adj.), agreeable, well, comforting, happy; Einem wohl thun, to do one good; (adv.E-9), well, ja wohl, very well; (explet.) I think, perhaps, no doubt; wohl aber, but much more.

good (adj.), agreeable, fine, comforting, happy; To help someone out, to benefit someone; (adv.E-9), well, for sure, very well; (explet.) I think, maybe, no doubt; but instead, but much more.

wohl´gefühlt (p.p.), well-supplied.

well-supplied.

wohl´gesetzt (p.p.), well-turned, well-worded.

well-crafted, well-expressed.

woh´nen, to live, to reside.

to live, to reside.

Wol´ke, f, (pl. -n), cloud.

Wolke, f, (pl. -n), cloud.

wol´len (pres. t., will, willst, will; wollen, etc.), to wish, to want, will; to be about to.

want (present tense, will, you want, wants; wanting etc.), to desire, to wish, to intend; to be ready to.

womit´ (emphat. wo´mit), wherewith with which, by which.

with which (emphatic. with which), wherewith, by which.

won´nig, delightful; sonnig und wonnig, perhaps: "sunny and funny."

won´nig, delightful; sonnig und wonnig, perhaps: "sunny and joyful."

worin´ (emphat. wor´in), in which, where.

in which, where

Wort, n. (pl. -e or -̈er), word.

Word.

Wun´de, f. (pl. -n), wound; das beste für die Wunden, balsam for (the) wounds.

Injury, f. (pl. -n), wound; the best for the injuries, balm for (the) wounds.

Wun´der, n. (pl. ), wonder, surprise; es nimmt mich Wunder, it is surprising (a surprise) to me; seine blauen Wunder sehen, not to know whether one stands on his head or his heels.

Awe, n. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text for modernization.), a feeling of amazement or surprise; I wonder, it surprises me; see their blue wonders, to be confused about what is real.

wun´derbar, wondrous(ly), strange(ly), surprising(ly).

wonderful, amazing(ly), odd(ly), surprising(ly).

wün´schen, to wish, to desire.

wish, desire.

Wür´de, f., dignity.

dignity.

wür´de; wür´den, would, should.

would; would, would, should.

wür´dig, worthy.

worthy.

wuß´ten, see wissen.

knew, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Z.

z’ (dialect.), = zu, to, too; z’ lang, too long.

z’ (dialect.), = zu, to, also; z’ lang, too long.

zah´len, to pay, to settle.

zah´len, to pay, to settle.

zäh´len, to count over.

zäh´len, to count again.

zart, delicate.

delicate.

Ze´che, f., bill.

Bill, f.

Zei´chen, n. (pl. ), sign, signboard, trade.

Sign, n. (pl. ), sign, signboard, trade.

zei´gen, to show; sich zeigen, to show, to appear.

show, to show; show yourself, to show, to appear.

Zeit, f (pl. -en), time, season.

Time, f (pl. -en), time, season.

Zet´tel, m. (pl. ), slip of paper, scrip.

Zet´tel, m. (pl. ), note, script.

Zeu´ge, m. (pl. -n), witness.

Zeuge, m. (pl. -n), witness.

zie´hen (zog, gezogen), transit., to pull, to draw; intrans. to move, to march, to pass, to spread.

pull

Ziel, n. (pl. -e), place to go to, destination.

Goal, n. (pl. -s), place to go, destination.

Zim´mer, n. (pl. ), room.

Zimmer, n. (pl. ), room.

Zip´perlein, n., gout, podagra.

Zip´perlein, n., gout, foot gout.

Zi´ther, f. (pl. -n), zithern, cithern.

Zither, f. (pl. -n), zither, cithern.

Zi´thern, f. (dialect.), = Zither.

Zither, f. (dialect.) = Zither.

zo´gen ... hervor´, see hervorziehen.

zo´gen ... hervor´, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

z’samm (dialect.) = zusammen, together, one another; sich z’sammfinden, to find each other.

z’samm (dialect.) = together together, one another; sich z'sammfinden, to find each other.

zu (dat.), at, in; to, toward, in the direction of (in the latter sense following its case); (adv.) too; (conj.) to, in order to.

to (dat.), at, in; to, toward, in the direction of (in the latter sense following its case); (adv.) also; (conj.) to, in order to.

zu´bringen (brachte, gebracht), to spend, to pass.

to bring (brought, brought)), to spend, to pass.

zu´cken, to jerk, to move up and down or to and fro, to flash.

jerk, to move quickly up and down or back and forth, to flash.

zuerst´, first.

first

zufrie´den, satisfied, pleased; ich bin es zufrieden, I have no objection to it, all right!

content, satisfied, pleased; I’m fine with it. I have no objection to it, all good!

Zug, m. (pl. -̈e) (= Richtung), direction, course, motion; (= Eisenbahnzug), train, railroad-train; (= Gesichtszug), feature, trait.

Train, m. (pl. -̈e) (= Direction), direction, course, motion; (= train), train, railroad train; (= Facial expression), feature, trait.

zu´gebracht, see zubringen.

brought, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

zugleich´, at the same time, simultaneously.

at the same time, simultaneously.

zu´hören, to listen; jeder wer zuhört, every one in the audience.

to hear, to listen; everyone who hears, everyone in the audience.

Zu´kunftE-10, f., time to come; emergency, casuality.

Future__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, f., upcoming time; emergency, casualty.

zuletzt´, at last, finally.

finally

zum = zu dem.

to = to the.

zün´d’t ... an, see anzünden.

zün'dt ... on, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

zur = zu der.

to = to the.

zurecht´, ready; zurecht machen, to prepare, to get up.

ready; prepared; to get up.

zurück, back, backwards.

back, backwards.

zurück´geben (gab, gegeben), to give back, to restore.

give back (gave, given)), to return, to restore.

zurück´gehen (ging, gegangen), to go back, to return.

retrace (retraced, retraced), to go back, to return.

zurück´kehren, to return.

return, to return.

zurück´kommen (kam, gekommen), to return.

zurück´kommen (kam, gekommen), to come back.

zurück´lassen (ließ, gelassen), to leave behind.

zurück´lassen (ließ, gelassen), to leave behind.

zurück´schieben (schob, geschoben), to push or shove back.

push back

zusam´men, together, assembled.

together, assembled.

zusam´menfinden (fand, gefunden), sich, to come together, to meet, to find each other.

find each other (found, found), sich to come together, to meet, to find each other.

zusam´menfliegen (flog, geflogen), to flock together.

flock together

Zusam´menhang, m., connection.

Zusam´menhang, m., connection.

zusam´menkommen (kam, gekommen), to come together, to be joined or united.

get together), to come together, to be joined or united.

zusam´menrücken, intrans., to be placed together.

zusam´menrücken, intrans., to fit together.

zusam´menschlagen (schlug, geschlagen), to throw up one’s arms (in astonishment).

come together (came together, come together), to throw up one's arms (in surprise).

zusam´menstecken, to put together.

assemble, to put together.

zusam´mentreffen (traf, getroffen), to meet.

meet (met, met), to meet.

zusam´menwehen, to blow together.

zusam´menwehen, to gather by wind.

zu´schauen, to look on, to watch.

watch.

zu´schreiten (schritt, geschritten), to step or to walk (up to, auf ... zu).

to approach (stepped, approached), to step or to walk (up to, toward ...).

zu´sehen (sah, gesehen), to look on, to witness.

to watch (watched, watched), to look at, to witness.

zu´steigen (stieg, gestiegen), to move or to march on.

to board (got on, boarded), to move or to march on.

zu´stürmen, to storm on, to continue storming.

to keep moving forward.

Zu´trauen, n., confidence (in, zu); Zutrauen fassen, to take confidence.

Trust, n., confidence (in, to); To gain trust, to gain confidence.

zuvor´, before; tags zuvor, on the previous day.

before, on the previous day.

zu´ziehen (zog, gezogen), intrans., to march (towards, dat.), to proceed (in the direction of, dat.).

to sketch), intrans., to march (toward, dat.), to proceed (in the direction of, dat.).

zwan´zig, twenty; die Zwanzig, the twenties.

twenty, twenty; the twenties, the twenties.

Zwan´ziger, m. (pl. ), twenty-kreutzer-piece (= 10 American cents), dime.

Zwan'ziger, m. (pl. Understood. Please provide the text you would like me to modernize.), twenty-kreutzer coin (= 10 American cents), dime.

zwar (explet.), it is true, certainly; sie meinten zwar, though they thought; ... aber, yet.

indeed (explet.), it is true, certainly; they definitely thought, though they thought; ... but, yet.

zwei, two.

two.

zwei´feln, to doubt.

zwei´feln, to question.

zwei´mal, two times, twice.

twice

zwei´te (der), second, other.

second (der), second, other.

zwi´schen (dat., accus.), between.

between

zwischendrein´, in the (very) midst of them.

in the meantime, right in the middle of them.

zwoa (dialect.) = zwei, two.

zwoa (dialect.) = zwei, two.

zwölf, twelve.

twelve.


Transcription Notes

E-1 The original was punctuated thus: ‚Ännchen von Tharau,’“!

E-1 The original was punctuated like this: ‘Aennchen von Tharau’

E-2 The original was punctuated thus: „Das ist ein schönes Volkslied, das müssen Sie mir geben. Aber was ist das „Verknotigung?“

E-2 The original was punctuated thus: "That's a beautiful folk song; you really have to share it with me. But what does 'knotting' mean?"

E-3 There is no note E-3 in the HTML edition.

E-3 There is no note E-3 in the HTML edition.

E-4 COMMA SPACE replaces SPACE OPEN-PAREN. There is no discernible parenthetical comment.

E-4, replaces ( There is no noticeable parenthetical comment.

E-5 Missing period.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ No period.

E-6 Was avánti.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Was avant-garde.

E-7 The word "see" was not italicized.

E-7 The word "see" was not emphasized.

E-8 The original marked Nagel as n.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ The original called Nagel as n.

E-9 Missing period.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Missing period.

E-10 Missing accent.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Missing accent mark.

E-11 The original capitalized "vocabulary". Correct in 1900 edition.

E-11 The original capitalized "vocabulary". Correct in 1900 edition.




        
        
    
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