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Transcriber's Notes

The advertisements which were originally at the front of the book have been moved to the back.

The ads that were originally at the front of the book have been moved to the back.

JANE'S ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT 1913

A Reprint of the 1913 Edition of All The World's Air-craft
Edited by

A Reprint of the 1913 Edition of All The World's Aircraft
Edited by

FRED T. JANE

ARCO PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.
New York

ARCO PUBLISHING CO., INC.
New York

First published by Sampson Low Marston in 1913
This edition published 1969 by ARCO PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.
219 Park Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003

First published by Sampson Low Marston in 1913
This edition published in 1969 by ARCO PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.
219 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10003

Library of Congress Catalog Number 69-14964
ARCO Book Number 668-01880-1

Printed in Great Britain

Printed in the UK

[Pg 3]

Published Annually.

All the World's Aircraft.
Originally called "All the World's Airships."
(WAR FLYING ANNUAL.)

FOUNDED AND EDITED BY FRED T. JANE, Founder and Editor of "FIGHTING SHIPS" (Naval Annual), Etc.

FOUNDED AND EDITED BY FRED T. JANE Founder and Editor of "FIGHTING SHIPS" (Naval Annual), and more.

PART A.—AEROPLANES AND DIRIGIBLES OF THE WORLD.
PART B.—HISTORICAL AEROPLANES OF THE LAST SIX YEARS.
PART C.—THE WORLD'S AERIAL ENGINES.
PART D.—AERIAL "WHO'S WHO" AND DIRECTORY.

FIFTH YEAR OF ISSUE.
(Founded 1909.)

FIFTH YEAR OF ISSUE.
(Established 1909.)

LONDON:
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & CO., Ltd.
1913.

Printed by Netherwood, Dalton & Co., Phoenix Works, Rashcliffe, Huddersfield.

[Pg 5]

PART A.
	PAGE
Introduction	7
Glossary of Tech Terms	9
Argentinian (J. Schiere)	15
Austrian (Special Austrian Editor)	16
Airplanes	17
Blimps	22
Belgian (J. Bracke)	26
Airplanes	27
Blimps	29
Brazilian	31
British	32
Airplanes	37
Airships	60
British Colonies, etc.	63
Bulgarian	66
Central American countries	67
Chilean	68
Chinese	69
Danish	70
Dutch (J. Schiere)	71
French (Special French Editor)
Airplanes	73
Blimps	109
German (Special German Editor)	126
Airplanes	131
Airships	151
Greek cuisine	168
Italian cuisine (Special Italian Editor)	169
Airplanes	172
Blimps	176
Japanese (Partly Official)	180
Airplanes	181
[Pg 6] Blimps	182
Mexican cuisine	183
Norwegian	184
Peruvian cuisine	185
Portuguese (J. Schiere)	186
Romanian	187
Russian	188
Airplanes	190
Blimps	191
Servian	193
Spanish	194
Swedish (Lieut. Dahlbeck)	196
Swiss (Special Swiss Editor)	198
Turkish	200
Uruguay	200
USA (W.L. Jones)	201
Airplanes	202
Blimps	220
PART B.
Historical Airplanes of the Last Six Years	1B et seq.
PART C.
Main Aircraft Engines	1C
Austrian (W. Isendahl)	2C
Belgian	2C
British	3C
French	4C
German (W. Isendahl)	8C
Italian	11C
Swiss	12C
USA	13C
PART D.
Aerial "Who's Who"	1D
Aerial Classified Directory	12D
A-Z Index—Airplanes	end of
Alphabetical Index— Blimps	book

[Pg 7]

PREFACE.

s conjectured last year, considerable further changes have been produced in this edition.

As suggested last year, significant further changes have been made in this edition.

When, some five years ago, work on this annual was first commenced, the military aviator was an idle dream. Fighting men in dirigibles were a bare possibility; but nothing more than that. Every amateur building an aeroplane (or even merely intending to build one) in his back garden was a possible "conqueror of the air." The aeroplane was going to oust the motor car as a sporting vehicle—everyone was quite certain about that! Beyond that, nothing!

When work on this annual first started about five years ago, military aviators were just a dream. Men fighting in airships were a slim possibility, but nothing more. Every amateur constructing an airplane (or even just planning to build one) in their backyard was a potential "conqueror of the sky." The airplane was expected to replace the car as the go-to sport vehicle—everyone was totally convinced of that! Beyond that, nothing!

To-day everything is completely changed and except as a war machine the aeroplane is of little interest or use to anyone. A few civilian aviators are still flying, but in practically every case they are doing so in connection with the business aspect of the question. There is no "sport of aviation" such as the prophets foretold a few years ago.

Today, everything has changed completely, and aside from being a military tool, the airplane holds little interest or utility for anyone. A few civilian pilots are still flying, but in nearly every case, they are doing so for business purposes. There is no "sport of aviation" like the visionaries predicted just a few years ago.

An increasing number of people obtain their pilot certificates and lists of these are still given, although the title of "aviator" is in the bulk of cases somewhat of a courtesy one, since so few keep on flying once they have secured their brevets.

More and more people are getting their pilot certificates, and these lists are still provided, although the title "aviator" is often just a courtesy since so few continue flying after they’ve earned their licenses.

It is as a war machine that the aeroplane has come into its own. The Italian aeroplanes over and over again proved their utility in Tripoli. Although in the Balkan War aircraft were less in evidence than many expected, this may be attributed to the peculiar circumstances of the campaign and also to the scarcity of available machines.

It’s as a war machine that the aeroplane has truly found its purpose. The Italian planes repeatedly demonstrated their usefulness in Tripoli. Even though aircraft were not as prominent in the Balkan War as many had hoped, this can be attributed to the unique circumstances of the campaign and the lack of available planes.

Every country is now engaged in forming its aerial fleets. How far the naval and military branches will coalesce, or how far they will differentiate remains to be seen. The probabilities, at present, all point in the latter direction, and that just as an army is made up of cavalry, infantry, artillery, etc., and a navy of battleships, cruisers, torpedo craft and submarines, so the sky fleets seem destined to consist of groups of different types of machines, each type designed for some special purpose.

Every country is currently focused on building its air fleets. It’s still unclear how much the naval and military branches will merge or separate. Right now, the trends suggest they will likely become more distinct, and just like an army includes cavalry, infantry, artillery, etc., and a navy features battleships, cruisers, torpedo boats, and submarines, the air fleets seem set to include various types of aircraft, each designed for specific roles.

The increased war utility of aircraft has necessitated an extension of the pages devoted to organisation of military aviation, etc. The details given are by no means as full as I could wish; but all organisations are being so continually changed owing to increased experience that satisfactory data are not very easy to come by.

The growing importance of aircraft in warfare has made it essential to expand the sections dedicated to the organization of military aviation, among other topics. The information provided is not as comprehensive as I would like; however, all organizations are constantly being updated due to increased experience, making it difficult to source satisfactory data.

During the past twelve months or so we have learned at least one or two important things. The mere fact of the possession of aeroplanes by a nation is a military factor of comparatively little importance. A nation possessing next to no aeroplanes can easily acquire a few hundreds in case of emergency if she has the people to build them. The real problem is two-fold. First, of course, is the possession of trained and efficient aviators to fly the machines. Naval and military officers who have merely secured their brevets at a flying school are of no immediate value; civilians of the same kind are of still less utility.

Over the past year or so, we've learned at least a couple of important things. The simple fact that a nation has airplanes is a military factor of relatively little significance. A country with almost no airplanes can easily get a few hundred in an emergency if it has the people to build them. The real issue is two-fold. First, of course, is having trained and skilled pilots to operate the aircraft. Naval and military officers who have just earned their certifications at a flying school are of no real value; civilians in the same situation are even less useful.

Second to this is the productive capacity of any country; which may roughly be gauged from the number and importance of its firms engaged in construction.

Second to this is the productive capacity of any country, which can be roughly measured by the number and significance of its businesses involved in construction.

These points cannot too strongly be enforced. The air strength of any nation in case of war resides in its efficient flying men and in its own productive capacity. The next war will see aircraft quite as much "contraband" as warships, and the nation which relies upon aerial imports will be foredoomed at once. One month is probably the utmost effective life of an aeroplane on hard active service and it may well be a good deal less. And firms capable of building efficient machines cannot be improvised.

These points can't be emphasized enough. A nation's air power in the event of war depends on its skilled pilots and its ability to produce aircraft. The next war will likely treat aircraft as much "contraband" as warships, and any nation that depends on imported planes will be doomed from the start. An airplane probably has a maximum effective lifespan of just one month in tough active service, and it might be even shorter. Additionally, companies capable of creating efficient machines can't be thrown together on short notice.

A remarkable feature of the last twelve months has been the recrudescence of the dirigible, which is now in far greater esteem than it was a year ago, or for that matter, ever before. In the past there is no doubt that progress was hampered by arguments between the advocates of "heavier than air" and "lighter than air," and a curious notion that the one could only exist at the expense of the other.

A significant development over the past year has been the resurgence of the dirigible, which is now regarded much more highly than it was a year ago, or even at any time before that. In the past, it’s clear that progress was slowed down by debates between supporters of "heavier than air" and "lighter than air" aircraft, along with a strange idea that one could only thrive if the other failed.

Such ideas are now dead, and it is recognised that for war purposes both have their uses and that both are interdependent. It is not quite yet realised how intense this interdependence is likely to be.

Such ideas are now outdated, and it's recognized that both have their purposes in war and that they're interdependent. We haven't fully grasped how intense this interdependence is likely to be.

Briefly the present situation may be summed up as follows: the dirigible has enormous potentialities for attack on fortified bases and the like, but its powers of defence, guns or no guns, are very slight. A single aeroplane should be able to disable or destroy without very great[Pg 8] difficulty the finest dirigible yet built (supposing it able to find the airship in the vastness of the air). The damage that a single aeroplane can do to land defences or ships is, however, entirely trivial—at any rate at present.

The current situation can be summarized as follows: the airship has huge potential for attacking well-protected bases and similar targets, but its defense capabilities, whether armed or not, are quite limited. A single airplane should be able to incapacitate or destroy the best airship ever built (if it can even locate the airship in the vastness of the sky). However, the damage that a single airplane can inflict on land defenses or ships is, for now, pretty insignificant.

Hence the aerial war unit already formed in Germany, and likely to be in existence everywhere else ere another year or so has passed. This unit is a dirigible of great offensive powers, associated with a number of aeroplanes presumably intended to defend it and ward off and defeat attack by hostile aeroplanes.

Hence, the air combat unit already established in Germany is likely to exist everywhere else within the next year or so. This unit consists of a powerful dirigible, accompanied by several aircraft that are probably meant to protect it and fend off attacks from enemy planes.

This is merely the crude beginning, it seems reasonably safe to prophecy that in the early future the aerial war-unit will be made up somewhat as follows:—

This is just the rough start, it seems safe to predict that in the near future, the air combat unit will be assembled something like this:—

(a) An offensive dirigible, carrying the maximum of bombs, etc.

(a) An attack airship, loaded with the maximum number of bombs, etc.

(b) One or two dirigibles carrying oil and petrol for the aeroplanes—possibly capable of dealing with all minor repairs and of carrying a certain number of aeroplanes on board.

(b) One or two airships transporting oil and gasoline for the airplanes—possibly able to handle all minor repairs and to carry a certain number of airplanes onboard.

(c) A number of war aeroplanes specially designed for fighting other aeroplanes and attacking hostile dirigibles as chances may occur.

(d) A few very swift one man aeroplanes which will be the eyes of the unit.

(d) A few very fast single-man airplanes that will serve as the eyes of the unit.

This seems an early certainty. After all it merely reproduces for the air what centuries of experience have shewn to be essential for fleets and armies.

This seems like a clear certainty. After all, it simply reflects what centuries of experience have shown to be essential for fleets and armies.

The matter is a fascinating subject for speculation; but in connection with a work that exists merely to deal with things as they are at present, is perhaps, better not now pursued further. One point, however, may perhaps be mentioned, and that is that victory or defeat in aerial warfare seems likely to depend upon which side can first destroy the other's bases. A base-less dirigible will not live long. This is likely to lead to very great attention being paid at an early date to anti-aircraft guns and other devices for the defence of aerial bases.

The issue is an interesting topic to think about, but in a work that focuses solely on the current state of things, it's probably better not to explore it any further right now. However, one point can be brought up: victory or defeat in aerial warfare will likely depend on which side can first eliminate the other's bases. A dirigible without a base won't survive for long. This is likely to result in significant emphasis being placed soon on anti-aircraft guns and other tools for protecting aerial bases.

Reverting to the arrangement of the present edition, a few words may be said about some of the changes. As stated last year the clumsy old system of grouping monoplanes, biplanes, etc., separately has been abolished. So many firms specialise in both that any such grouping could only lead to confusion.

Reverting to the layout of this edition, a few words can be said about some of the changes. As mentioned last year, the awkward old system of categorizing monoplanes, biplanes, etc., separately has been removed. Since many companies specialize in both, any such categorization would only create confusion.

A tabular system has been generally adopted for most new matter. This will be found far more convenient for reference, and of course, saves a great deal of space.

A table format has been commonly used for most new content. This is much more convenient for referencing and, of course, saves a lot of space.

The effective age of aeroplanes is somewhat of a vexed question, for while one year probably represents the really effective war utility endurance, even in peace time, school life is more or less indefinite and so is ordinary private life. Consequently—although "dead machines" are excluded it has not been possible to draw an exactly uniform age limit line beyond that. Speaking generally modern machines represent as a rule detail improvements rather than the complete changes of the past. For example, the gap between 1911 and 1913, is far less than the gap between 1909 and 1911. This fact is beginning to make itself felt in war machines.

The effective age of airplanes is a bit of a tricky question because, while one year probably reflects their actual combat usefulness, even in peacetime, the lifespan of training and personal use is more or less indefinite. As a result—although "dead machines" are not counted—it hasn't been possible to establish a consistent age limit. Generally speaking, modern airplanes usually feature detailed improvements instead of the complete overhauls seen in the past. For instance, the difference between 1911 and 1913 is much smaller than the difference between 1909 and 1911. This reality is starting to become apparent in military aircraft.

In Part B an attempt has been made to collect illustrations of aeroplanes of the past which for one reason or another possess an historical interest. This section is remarkable for two totally different things (1) the early anticipations of some modern practice, and (2) the past prevalence of certain other ideas which are now totally extinct.

In Part B, we try to gather examples of airplanes from the past that have historical significance for various reasons. This section stands out for two completely different reasons: (1) the early predictions of some modern practices, and (2) the former popularity of certain ideas that are now entirely obsolete.

Part C deals with aero-engines. It is mainly remarkable—in comparison with past issues—for the large number of engines which have ceased to exist. It is probably still too ample; as a year hence quite half the makers still recorded are likely to disappear. The mere ability to construct motor car engines is no longer of value. The aeroplane engine designer needs to be a specialist. The absolutely ideal aero-engine no doubt yet remains to be produced; but meanwhile the tendency of users to concentrate upon fewer makes is increasingly evident, despite the fact that the best engine for one particular type of machine is not necessarily the best for some other type.

Part C is about aircraft engines. It stands out—compared to previous editions—because so many engines are no longer in production. It's probably still too broad; in a year, around half of the manufacturers listed will likely be gone. Just being able to make car engines isn't enough anymore. A plane engine designer has to be a specialist. The perfect aircraft engine has yet to be created; however, it's becoming more obvious that users are focusing on fewer brands, even though the best engine for one type of aircraft isn’t necessarily the best for another type.

In conclusion I tender my most grateful thanks to all those who have so kindly collaborated with or for me in the various sections. The book is still some way from being near my ideal, but I have every hope that this edition will be generally considered a very considerable improvement upon previous issues.

In conclusion, I want to express my heartfelt thanks to everyone who has generously collaborated with or supported me in various sections. The book is still a bit away from my ideal, but I’m optimistic that this edition will be seen as a significant improvement over past versions.

FRED T. JANE.

Bedhampton,
Hants.,
England.

Bedhampton, Hants., England.

[Pg 9]

GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS, Etc.

ENGLISH.	DUTCH.	FRENCH.	GERMAN.	ITALIAN.
Abaft	Achterste deel	Arrière	Hinter	A poppa
Accessories	Onderdeelen	Accessoires	Zubehör	Accessori
Accumulator	Accumulator	Accumulateur	Akkumulator	Accumulatore
AEROPLANE	Dekvlieger	Aéroplane	Drachenflieger	Aereoplano
Aeronaut	Luchtvaarder	Aéronaute	Luftschiffer	Aereonauta
		Aviateur
Aerostat	Luchtbal	Aérostat	Freiballon	Aereostato
Aft	Achterdeel	Arrière	Hinten	Addietro
After (rear)	Achter	Arrière	Hinterer	Poppa
Air-cooled	Luchtgekoeld	Refroidit par Pair	Luftgekuhlt	Raffredda ad aria
Angleiron	Hoekÿzer	Cornière	Eck Schiene	Ferro ad angolo
Anti-friction metal	Wit metaal	Métal anti friction on regule	Lagermetall	Metallo beanco (anti frizione)
Aviation	Vliegtechniek	Aviation	Flugtechnik	Aviazione
Babbit Metal	Babbits metaal	Métal Babbitt on regule	Lagermetall	Metallo Babbitt
Balance	Evenwicht	Equilibre	Gleichgewicht	Equilibrio
Ball bearings	Kogellagers	Coussinets à billes	Kugel Lager	Cuscinetti a sfere
Ballonet	Luchtzak	Ballonet	Ballonet	Palloncino compensatore
Battery	Batterÿ	Batterie	Batterie	Pila a secco
Bearing metal	Kussenmetaal	Métal pour les coussinets on regule	Lager metall	Metallo par cuscinette
Behind	Achter	Derrière	Hinter	Di dietro
Bevel geared	Kegelraderwerk	Engrenage Conique	Konischer Antrieb	Ingranaggio conico
Biplane	Tweedekker	Biplan	Zwei decker	Biplano
Blades (of propeller)	Bladen (der schroef)	Pales	Flügel	Pale delt'elica
Body	Romp	Fuselage	Körper	Telaio o chassis
Bolt	Bout	Bonlon	Bolzen	Bollone
Box-kite	Kabel-vlieger	Cerf-volant	Drachen	Aquilone a celle
Bracket	Klamp	Tasseau	Stütze	Sostegno
Brake	Rem	Frein	Bremse	Freno
Breadth	Breedte	Largeur	Breite	Larghezza
Canvas	Doek	Toile	Leinwand	Tela
Car	Gondel	Nacelle	Gondel	Navicella
Carburetter	Vergasser	Carburateur	Vergaser	Carburatore
Casting	Gietstuk	Moulage	Guss Stück	Getto
Centre of Gravity	Zwaartepunt	Centre de Gravité	Schwerpunkt	Centro di gravità
Chain driven	Door ketting gedreven	Transmission par chaine	Ketten antrieb	Trasmissione a catena
Chassis	Gestel	Chassis	Motor Rahmen	Chassis
Circumference	Omtrek	Circonférance	Umfang	Cuconferenza
Clutch	Haak	Embrayage	Kupplung	Innesto
Connection	Schakeling	Couplage	Kupplung	Connessione
Control	Stuurinrichting	Direction	Lenk Ubersetsung	Meccanismo di direzione
Coupled	Gekoppeld	Jumelé	Paarweise	Accoppiato
Crank shaft	Krukas	Arbre à manivelle	Kurbelwelle	Albero delle manovelle
Cylinder	Cÿlinder	Cylindre	Zylinder	Cilindro
Die cast Bearings	Ondermetaallager	Coussinets moutés encogiulles	Schalenguss Lager	Cuscinette fusi in conchiglia
DIRIGIBLE	Motorballon	Dirigeable: Aéronat	Motorluftschiff	Dirigibile
Diameter	Middellÿn	Diamètre	Durchmesser	Diametro
Direct driven	Direct gekoppeld	Prise directe	Direkter Antrieb	Presa diretta
[Pg 10]Electric welding	Electrische Lassching	Soudure électrique	Elektrisches Schweissen	Soldatura elettrica
Elevator (horizontal rudder)	Hoogtestuur	Gouvernail de profondeur	Hohensteuer	Timone orizzontale
Engine	Motor	Moteur	Motor	Motore
Fan	Ventilator	Ventilateur	Ventilator	Ventilatore
Fittings	Fittings	Garniture	Garnitur	Armamento
Flight	Vlucht	Vol	Flug	Volo
Flown	Gevlogen	Volé	Geflogen	Volato
Fore	Voor	Avant	Vorderer	Ouvanti
Forward (in front)	Van Voren	En avant	Vor	Davanti
Frame	Romp	Fuselage	Rahm	Telais
Framework	Geraamte	Fuselage	Gerüste	Intelaiatura
Gas bag	Gaszak	Enveloppe	Luftballon (Hülle)	Involucro
Geared to	Vertand	Multiplié à	Uebersetst auf	Moltiplicato a
Gear driven	Met tandrad-overbrenging		durch Zahnrädern getrieben	Trasmissione a ingranaggi
Girder	Balk	Poutre	Balken	Longarin
Glider	Glÿdvlieger	Planeur	Gleitflieger	Apparecehio a planare
Gondola	Gondel	Nacelle	Gondel	Navicella
Helices	Schroeven	Helices	Schranben	Eliché
Helicopter	Schroefvlieger	Helicoptère	Schraubenflieger	Elicoplano Elicottero
Horizontal plane (in a)	Horizontaalvlak (in een)	Plan horizontal	Horizontal fläche	Piano orizzontale
Horse power	Paardekracht	Puissance en chevaux	Pferdekraft	Forza cavalli
Hydrogen	Waterstof	Hydrogène	Wasserstoff	Idrogens
Ignition	Ontsteking	Allumage	Zündung	Accensione
Inch	Duim	25.39 m/m.	25.39 m/m.	Pollice = 25.39 m/m.
Inclination	Helling	Inclination	Schrägstellung	Inclinazione
Keel	Kiel	Carène	Kiel	Chiglia
K.P.M. (kilometres per hour)	K.P.U. (kilom. per uur)	Kilometres par heure	Kilometre pro Stunde	Chilometre all'ora
Kite	Vlieger	Cerf volant	Drachen	Aquilone
Length	Lengte	Longueur	Länge	Lunghezza
Lining metal	Lagermetaal	Métal pour garnir less coussinets ou régule	Lagermetall	Metallo per bronzine dei cuscinetti
Lower (planes)	Onder (vlakken)	Inferieur (plans)	Untere Flächen	Piani inferiori
[Pg 11]Magneto	Magneet	Magneto	Magnet	Magneto
Maximum	Maximum	Maximum	Maximum	Massimo
Middle (plane)	Midden (vlak)	(Plan)au milieu	Mittel Deck	Piano medio
Mile	Mÿl	Mile	Meile	Miglio
Military	Militair	Militaire	Militärische	Militare
Miscellaneous	Verschillend (allerlei)	General	Verschiedenes	Diversi
Monoplane	Eendekker	Monoplan	Ein decker	Monoplano
Motor	Motor	Moteur	Motor	Motore
M.P.H. (miles per hour)	M.P.U. (mÿl per uur)	Vitesse	M.P.S.	Miglia all'ora
Multiplane	Veeldekker	Multiplan	Vieldecker	Multiplano
Nacelle	Schuitje	Nacelle	Gondel	Navicella
Non-rigid	Slap	Souple	Unstarr	Non-rigido—flessibile
Petrol (gasoline)	Benzine	Essence	Benzin	Benzina
Pilot (driver)	Bestuurder	Flyer: Aviateur	Führer	Aviatore
Pivot	Tap	Pivot	Gewinde Zapfen	Perno
Planes	Vlakken	Plans	Flächen	Piani
Plug	Kaars, stop	Bougie	Zünd Kerze	Candela
Pound (lb.)	Eng pond = 0,453 K.G.	0.453 kg.	0.453 kg.	Libbra = 0.453 kg.
Pressure	Druk	Pression	Druck	Pressione
Propeller	Schroef	Helice	Schraube	Eliche
Quadruplane	Vierdekker	Quadruplan	Vier decker	Qudruplani
Quintuplane	Vÿfdekker	Quintuplan	Fünf decker	Quintuplani
Radiator	Koeler	Radiateur	Kühler	Radiatore
Rear (in)	Achterkant (aan de)	En arrière	Hinten	Indictro
Reduction gearing	Reductie-overbrenging	Engrenage de demultiplication	Ubersetzung	Ingranaggi di ridugione
R.P.M. (revolutions per minute)	Omw. per minuut	Tours	Umlauf	Giri al minuto
Rigid	Stÿf	Rigide	Starr	Rigido
Rises	Stÿgt	S'eléve	Hebt sich	Si eleva
Rubber	Gummi	Caoutchouc	Gummi	Gomma
Rudder	Roer, Stuur	Gouvernail	Steuer	Timone
Section	Doorsnede	Section	Durchschnitt	Regione
[Pg 12]Semi-rigid	Halfstÿf	Demi-rigide	Halb Starr	Semi-rigido
Span	Spanwÿdte	Envergure	Spanweite	Apertura
Speed	Snelheid	Vitesse	Geschwindigkeit	Velocita
Stability	Evenwicht	Stabilité	Gleichgewicht	Stabilità
Stabilising fins	Evenwichtsvlakken	Ailerons	Gleichgwichtsflächen	Piani stabilizzaton
Steel	Staal	Acier	Stahl	Acciaio
Steering Gear	Stuurtoestel	Direction	Steuerung	Meccanismo di direzione
Steering Wheel	Stuurwiel	Volant	Steuerrad	Volante di direzione
Supporting surface	Draagvlak	Surface	Tragfläche	Superficio di sostegno
Surfaces	Oppervlakken	Surfaces	Flächen	Superfici
Suspension	Ophanging	Suspension	Aufhängung	Sospensioni
Switch	Omschakelaar	Interrupteur	Schalter	Interruttore
Tail	Staart	Queu	Schwanz	Coda
Total weight	Totaal gewicht	Poids totale	Gesamtlast	Peso totale
Transmission Shaft	Overbrengingsas	Arbre de transmission	Transmissions Welle	Albero di trasmissione
Trial	Proef	Essai	Probe	Prova
Triplane	Driedekker	Triplan	Drei decker	Triplano
Universal Joint	Kogelgewricht	Joint universel	Kardan	Guinta universale
Unladen	Onbelast, leeg	à vide	Leerlaufend
Upper (planes)	Boven (vlakken)	Superior	Ob ere	Piani Superior
Useful lift	Nuttier last	Poids utile	Outlast	Forza utile di elevation
Valve	Kelp	Soup ape	Lentil	Valvular
Vertical plane (in the)	Vertical vlak (in het)	Plan vertical	(in der) Vertikalfläche	Neal piano verticale
Vertical rudder	Zÿstuur	Gouvernail verticale	Seitensteuer	Timone verticale
Volume	Inhoud	Volume	Inhalt	Volume
Water-cooled	Watergekoeld	Refroidissement par eau	Wasserkühlung	Raffreddata ad acqua
Weight	Gewicht	Poids	Gewicht	Peso
Wheels	Wielen	Roues	Raeder	Ruote
Wings	Vleugels	Ailes	Flügel	Ali
Wood	Hout	Bois	Holz	Legno
Yard (measure)	Yard (maat) = 0,914 M	0.914 mètres	0.914 meter	Jarda=0.914 m.

[Pg 13]

Part A.

AEROPLANES & DIRIGIBLES.

ARRANGED BY NATIONALITIES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER.

Note.—Every nation is given in the following fixed order:—

Note.—Every nation is listed in the following fixed order:—

List of Aerial Societies and Clubs, with addresses and Secretaries where possible.
List of Aerial Journals, with addresses, price, and dates of publication.
List of Flying Grounds for aeroplanes, and hangars for dirigibles (if any).
List of Military and Naval Machines and aviators.
List of Private Aviators, total of machines, etc.
AEROPLANES in alphabetical order, uniform scale plans, and particulars.
DIRIGIBLES: Military and private uniform scale plans, and particulars.

Note.—The uniform scale of dirigible plans is a smaller scale than that used for aeroplanes.

[Pg 15]

ARGENTINE.

(Revised by J. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer and Librarian, Dutch R. Ae. C.)

Aerial Societies:—

Ae.C., Argentino, 561, S. Martin, Buenos Ayres.

Ae.C., Argentino, 561, S. Martin, Buenos Aires.

Aerial Journals:—

Boletin del Ae.C., Argentino (Monthly).

Boletín del Ae.C., Argentino (Monthly).

Flying Grounds:—

Aerodromo Villa Lugano. (P. Castabert, Director.)

Aerodromo del Palomar. (Military).

Palomar Airfield. (Military).

Military Aviation.

At the end of 1912 there were 6 military aeroplanes (3 Bleriot, 1 Castaibert, 1 Nieuport, and 1 H Farman)—all 1912 models.

At the end of 1912, there were 6 military airplanes (3 Bleriot, 1 Castaibert, 1 Nieuport, and 1 H Farman)—all 1912 models.

Marcel Paillette is director of the military flying ground at the Palomar Aerodrome.

Marcel Paillette is the director of the military airfield at the Palomar Aerodrome.

More machines will be added and by the end of the present year it is probable that a very considerable air force will exist.

More machines will be added, and by the end of this year, it's likely that a significant air force will be in place.

Private Aviators.

Bregi, Henri (A.C.F. 26)
de Bruyn, A. (3)
Castaibert, B. (1)
Fels, T. (9)
England, Gordon F.C. (British p.)

Goffre, C.A. (4)
Hentsch, H. (5)
Mascias, A.R. (8)
Melchior, E. (11)
Newbury, G. (6)

Origone, M.F. (10)
Paillette, Marcel (French p.)
Parravicini, F. (7)
Roth, J.A. (2)
Valleton A. (French p.)

PABLO CASTAIBERT. Monoplane.

Type		1911. Bleriot-Hanriot type.	1912. Bleriot type.
Length		26½ feet (8.15 m.)	28 feet (8.47 m.)
Span		29 feet (8.80 m.)	30 feet (9.35 m.)
Area		206 sq. ft. (19-20 m².)	194 sq. ft. (18 m².)
Weight	(total)	705 lbs. (320 kgs.)	617 lbs. (280 kgs.)
Motor	(h.p.)	25 Anzani	50 Gnome
Speed	(p.h.)	46½ m. (75 km.)	50 m. (80 km.)

Note. Both fly well. Description in Boletin de Ae.C. Argentino.[Pg 16]

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN.

(By our Austrian Editor.)

Aerial Societies:—

Cesky Club Automobilistn. Aviatische Sektion. (Prague.)

Cesky Club Automobilistn. Aviation Section. (Prague.)

Deutscher Luftfahrt-Verein in Boehmen (Teplitz-Schoenau).

German Air Travel Association in Bohemia (Teplitz-Schoenau).

Flugtechnischer Verein für Mähren (Brunn.).

Aerospace Society for Moravia (Brno).

Flugtechnischer Verein in Schlesien (Troppau).

Aviation Club in Silesia (Troppau).

Flugtechnischer Verein in Steiermark (Graz, Schmiedgasse 31).

K.k. Oesterreichischer Flugtechnischer Verein (Wienstrasse 31, Vienna).

K.k. Austrian Aviation Technical Association (Wienstrasse 31, Vienna).

Kärtner Automobil Club (Klagenfürt.)

Kärnten Automotive Club (Klagenfurt)

Klub Awiata (Obertynska Str. 8, Lemburg, Galicia).

Klub Awiata (Obertynska St. 8, Lviv, Galicia).

Magyar Automobil Club (Budapest).

Hungarian Automobile Club (Budapest).

Magyar Athletikai Club (Abt. fur Aviatik) Budapest.

Magyar Athletikai Club (Dept. of Aviation) Budapest.

Oberösterreichischer Verein f.L. in Linz (Landstr. 119, Linz).

Oesterreichischer Aero Club (St. Annahoff, Vienna) (formerly Wiener Aero Club).

Oesterreichischer Aero Club (St. Annahoff, Vienna) (previously Wiener Aero Club).

Oesterreichischer Flugsport Club (Breitegasse 7, Vienna VII).

K.k. Oesterreichischer Flugtechnischer Verein (Weinstrasse 31, Vienna).

K.K. Austrian Aviation Technical Association (Weinstrasse 31, Vienna).

Oesterreichischer Luftflotten-Verein (Vienna).

Austrian Air Fleet Association (Vienna).

Oesterreichischer Wintersportklub (Vienna). Glider club.

Austrian Ski Club (Vienna). Glider club.

Verein für L. in Tirol (Innsbruck).

Aerial Journals:—

Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung. (Fleischmarkt 5, Vienna) weekly.

General Auto Journal. (Fleischmarkt 5, Vienna) weekly.

Allgemeine Sport Zeitung. (St. Annhoff, Vienna) weekly.

General Sports Newspaper. (St. Annhoff, Vienna) weekly.

H.P. Fachzeitung für Automobilismus und Flugtechnik. (Vienna) weekly.

H.P. Trade Journal for Automotive and Aviation Technology. (Vienna) weekly.

Oesterreichische Flugzeitschrift. (Aspernplatz, Wien I) fortnightly.

Austrian Aviation Magazine. (Aspernplatz, Vienna I) biweekly.

Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung. (St. Annahof, Vienna) fortnightly.

Wiener Airship Journal. (St. Annahof, Vienna) biweekly.

Flying Grounds:—

Military.

Fischamend (Principal Army).

Fischamend (Main Army).

Goerz.

Goerz.

Zaule b. Triest.

Zaule near Trieste.

Naval.

Pola.

Private.

Confidential.

Aspern bei Wien, Vienna.

Aspern, Vienna.

Rakos bei Budapest.

Rakos near Budapest.

Wiener Neustadt.

Wiener Neustadt.

[Pg 17]

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN AEROPLANES.

Military Aviation: General.

In June, 1912, a central aeronautical committee was created, under the presidency of Prince Fürstenberg, to deal with the creation of a national aerial fleet. One of the objects is the perfection of the Austrian machines and factories.

In June 1912, a central aeronautical committee was established, led by Prince Fürstenberg, to work on the creation of a national air fleet. One of the goals is to improve the Austrian aircraft and manufacturing facilities.

About the same date, Pola was selected as a naval aviation school, and two Paulhan-Curtiss hydro-avions purchased.

About the same time, Pola was chosen as a naval aviation school, and two Paulhan-Curtiss hydroplanes were purchased.

In August the record making Lohner was purchased for the Army.

In August, the record-making Lohner was bought for the Army.

During September Captain Odolek tested before the military authorities a parachute of his invention; and a number were ordered.

In September, Captain Odolek demonstrated a parachute he invented to the military officials, and they ordered several units.

In October very strict regulations were issued as to aircraft flying over prohibited areas, a rule that any offenders would be shot at was subsequently modified.

In October, very strict regulations were put in place regarding aircraft flying over restricted areas, and the rule that offenders would be shot at was later changed.

In November a Donnet-Lerêque was purchased for the Navy and another ordered at the Whitehead Works, Fiume.

In November, a Donnet-Lerêque was bought for the Navy, and another was ordered from the Whitehead Works in Fiume.

Army Section.

At the end of 1911 the Army possessed 4 monoplanes and one biplane (a Lohner), now available for school work.

At the end of 1911, the Army had 4 monoplanes and one biplane (a Lohner), which were now available for training purposes.

During 1912 there were acquired:—

In 1912, the following were acquired:—

20 monoplanes.—1 Bleriot, 2 Nieuport, 15 Etrich-Taube, 1 Etrich limousine, 1 Deperdussin.

6 biplanes.—4 Lohner-Daimler, 1 Mars, 1 Klobucar, (of the above the 2 Nieuports, 1 Etrich limousine and the 4 Lohners were the only ones built in Austria).

6 biplanes.—4 Lohner-Daimler, 1 Mars, 1 Klobucar, (of these, the 2 Nieuports, 1 Etrich limousine, and the 4 Lohners were the only ones manufactured in Austria).

Naval Section.

4 hydro-avions were acquired during 1912; 2 Donnet-Levêque and 2 Paulhan-Curtiss.

4 seaplanes were acquired in 1912; 2 Donnet-Levêque and 2 Paulhan-Curtiss.

Military Pilots.

Banfield, Ob. Leut.
Blaschke, v. Ob. Leut.
Eyb, Ob. Leut.
Flassig, Leut.
Holeka, Ob. Leut.
Kenese, Ob. Leut.
Klobucar, Ob. Leut.

Miller, Ob. Leut. (5)
Oelwein, Ob. Leut.
Perini, Leut.
Petroczy, Haupt. von.
Riedlinger, Ob. Leut. von.
Schindler, Leut.

Schünzel, Leut.
Stohanzl, Ob. Leut. K (14)
Umlauff, Major von. (10)
Uzelac, Ob. Leut.
Venczel, Leut.
Welhelm, Ob. Leut. von

The military centre is at Goerz, the naval one at Pola.

The military center is at Goerz, and the naval center is at Pola.

Flying officers receive each a grant of 1,600 crowns; also 15 crowns a month for upkeep. Special certificate brings 2,000 crowns extra grant.

Flying officers each receive a grant of 1,600 crowns, plus 15 crowns a month for maintenance. A special certificate provides an additional grant of 2,000 crowns.

Private Aviators.

* = Superior brevet.
+ = Killed.

* = Higher rank.
+ = Deceased.

Auer, J. (6)
Baar, R.
Baboncse, K.
Banfield, K.
Dr. V.R. von Bauer.
Bernat, M.
*Brier, H. (18)
Blaschke from Z.R.
Booms, W. (9)
Bratmann, J.
Buchstätter, A.
Cejnek, J.
Cihak, E.
Ciszek, J.
Czermak, J.
Dworak, W.
*Economo, C.F. von. (7)
Fiedler, P. (19)
*Flesch, J. (11)
Friedmann, W.
Haner, E.
Hesse, M.
Heyrowski, A.
Hieronimus, O.
Hinter, K.
Hold, Hermann

Huss, H.
*Illner, K.
Javor, J.
Kaiserfeld, R. von.
Kasulakow, W.
Keck, Z.
Kenese, W.
Király, K.
Klobucar, V.
Knirsch, A.
Kolowrat, A. Graf. (15)
Kreiner, E.
Lagler, Inc.
Latzel, J.
Lettis, A.
Libowitzky, A.
Mandl.
Mazuranic, B.
+Mosen.
Nemec, H.E. von.
Nittner, E.
Ockermüller, H.
+Petrovics, A. von. (13)
Pischof, A.R. von. (2)
Rabis, M.

Reisner, H.
Riedlinger, E. von Kastrenberg.
Rosenthal, F.
+Russjan.
Sablatnig, J. (12)
Schartner, H.
Schindler, A.
Schonowsky, B.
Schönpflug, F.
Seidl, Franz.
Simon, R. (4)
Stanger, R.
Steiner-Göltl, E. von A.
Stiploschek, M.
*Székely, M.
Tauszig, A.
Teufl von Ferland, R.
F. Umlauf
Vlaicu, A.
*Warchalowski, A. (1)
Warchalowski, K. (8)
Weiner, T.
Widmer, J.
+Wiesenbach, V.
Woseçek, W.

Private Aeroplanes.

At the end of March, 1913, the total number of private aeroplanes in the country was about twenty.

At the end of March 1913, there were around twenty private airplanes in the country.

[Pg 18]

ETRICH Monoplanes.

Etrich Flieger Werke, Wiener Neustadt. Igo Etrich was a very early experimenter in conjunction with Wels. In 1909 he produced on his own account the first Etrich monoplane, a characteristic machine, which except for detail improvement, varying dimensions, etc., has not been appreciably altered since. (See Historical Section.)

Etrich Flieger Werke, Wiener Neustadt. Igo Etrich was one of the first to experiment with aviation alongside Wels. In 1909, he created the first Etrich monoplane on his own, a distinctive aircraft that, aside from minor improvements and changes in size, has not significantly changed since then. (See Historical Section.)

Photo, C. Maleuit.

Model and date.		VII 1911.	VIII 1911-12. 2-seater	1912-13. Limousine 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	37 (11.30)	30¾ (9.30)	26¼ (8)
Span	feet (m.)	48 (14.60)	42 (12.80)	31¼ (9.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	380 (35)	323 (30)	280 (26)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	120 Daimler	100	60 Daimler
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		5	2	2

Remarks.—A number of VII & VIII have been sold for military purposes to the Austrian, Russian, German, and other governments.

Remarks.—Several VII & VIII have been sold for military use to the Austrian, Russian, German, and other governments.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Etrich VIII.

[Pg 19]

Photo, Guld.

Etrich. Limousine.

LOHNER-DAIMLER.

This firm is now amalgamated with Etrich.

This company is now merged with Etrich.

		1911.	1912-13. Lohner Daimler Pfeilflieger.
Length	feet (m.)	...	32 (9.70)
Span	feet (m.)	...	44¼ (13.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	450 (42)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	926 (420)
	useful lbs.(kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	60 Aust. Daimler	125 Aust. Daimler
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	50 (80)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		?	4

Remarks.—Staggered and V shape. Late in 1911 one was purchased for the Austrian Army. In 1912 made a world's altitude. Passenger record, 4,530 metres (14,862 feet.)

Remarks.—Staggered and V shape. Late in 1911, one was bought for the Austrian Army. In 1912, it set a world altitude record, reaching 4,530 meters (14,862 feet).

[Pg 20]

MERCEP Monoplanes.

Mihalis Mercep, Aeroplanwerkstatte, Agram, Hungary. Russjan was connected with this firm, which built 2 biplanes to his designs in 1909. Russjan was killed in the second of these. In 1911, a Mercep was built.

Mihalis Mercep, Aeroplanwerkstatte, Agram, Hungary. Russjan was associated with this company, which constructed 2 biplanes based on his designs in 1909. Russjan died in the second of these. In 1911, a Mercep was built.

		1911.	1912-13.
Length	feet (m.)	29½ (9)	23 (7)
Span	feet (m.)	34-1/3 (10.50)	32½ (10)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	...	204 (19)
Weight	machine, etc. lbs. (kgs.)	...	617 (280)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	661 (300)
Motor	h.p.	...	50 Gnome
Number built		1	1

Mercep. 1912-13.

[Pg 21]

WARCHALOWSKI, Biplane.

Karl Warchalowski, Autoplan Werke, Odoakergasse 35, Vienna XVI.

Karl Warchalowski, Autoplan Werke, Odoakergasse 35, Vienna 16.

A machine generally on M. Farman lines, but with different shaped ailerons and corners of the leading edge rounded.

A machine generally following M. Farman design, but with differently shaped ailerons and rounded leading edge corners.

WHITEHEAD.

Whitehead & Co., Fiume, Austria. The Whitehead Torpedo Co. has laid down plant for the production of hydro-aeroplanes.

Whitehead & Co., Fiume, Austria. The Whitehead Torpedo Co. has set up a facility for making hydro-aeroplanes.

ZIEGLER Monoplane.

Flugzengwerke Johann Ziegler, Vienna.

Airplane Factory Johann Ziegler, Vienna.

		1912-13.
Length	feet (m.)	59 (18)
Span	feet (m.)	42¾ (13)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	586 (55)
Weight	total	1656 (750)
	useful	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Mercedes
Speed	m.p.h. (k.m.)	50 (80)
Number built during 1912		2

[Pg 22]

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

Date of order.	Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	H.P.	Speed. m.p.h. (k.p.h.)	Remarks.
1909	M 1	Parseval P.L. 4	n.r.	2300	70	27 (45)
1909	M 2	Lebaudy-Juillot 6	s.r.	4800	100	23 (37)	Wrecked 1911 but repaired
1910	M 3	Körting (K.W. 1)	n.r.	3600	150	30½ (49)
1912	M 4	Zeppelin		22,000	450	47 (75)	Building.

Military Dirigible Pilots.

Cajanek, V.
Grebenz, K.
Hauswirth, J.

Heller, S.
Hofstätter, E.
Macher, M.

Tauber, F.
Tepser, G.E. von.
Weiss, H.

Private.

Date of commencement.	Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	H.P.	Speed m.p.h. (k.p.h.)	Remarks.
1910	MANNSBARTH-STAGL	Mann-Sl.	n.r.	8200	300	40 (65)
1912	BOEMCHER II	Boemcher II		2750		25 (40)

Two Renners and a Boemcher I have ceased to exist.

Two Renners and a Boemcher I are no longer around.

Private Dirigible Pilots.

Private Airship Pilots.

Adrario, K.
Baumann, F.
Becker, T.
Berlepsch, F.F. von.
Cassinone, A.
Fürst, A.

Hoffory, W.
Hinterstoisser, F.
Kaiser, K.
Mannsbarth, F.
Nowy, V.

Richter, von. B.
Stagel, H.
Stratmann, W.
Wagner, E. von. F.
Zborowski, J.

[Pg 23]

BOEMCHER II. (1912-13.) Non-rigid.

Building.

Length, ? feet (? m.) diameter, ? feet (? m.) volume, 77,000 c. feet (2,750 m³.)

Length, ? feet (? m.) diameter, ? feet (? m.) volume, 77,000 cubic feet (2,750 m³.)

Gas bags.—

Gasbags.—

Motor.—

Engine.—

Speed.—25 m.p.h. (40 k.p.h.)

Speed.—25 mph (40 kph)

Propeller.—

LEBAUDY-JUILLOT 6=Military M II. (1910.) Semi-rigid.

Length, 229¾ feet (10 m.) diameter, 36 feet (11 m.) volume, 170,000 c. feet (4,800 m³.)

Length: 229¾ feet (10 m.) diameter: 36 feet (11 m.) volume: 170,000 cubic feet (4,800 m³.)

Gas bags.—Austro-American Rubber Co.

Gas bags.—Austro-American Rubber Co.

Motor.—100 h.p. Mercedes.

Motor.—100 hp Mercedes.

Speed.—27 m.p.h. (45 km.)

Speed.—27 mph (45 km/h)

Propellers.—Two 2-bladed.

Propellers.—Two 2-blade.

Remarks.—Built by the Austrian Daimler works to Lebaudy-J. designs. Sister to the Russian Lebed.[Pg 24]

Remarks.—Constructed by the Austrian Daimler company based on Lebaudy-J. designs. Sister ship to the Russian Lebed.[Pg 24]

KÖRTING-WIMPASSING (K-WI). Non-rigid=Military. M III. (1911.)

Maximum length, 213¼ feet (65 m.) maximum diameter, 34½ feet (10.50 m.) volume, 127,150 c. feet (3,600 m³.)

Total lift.— lbs. ( kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Total lift.— lbs. (kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. (kgs.)

Gas bags.—2 ballonets of 15,900 c. feet (450 m³.)

Gas bags.—2 ballonets of 15,900 cubic feet (450 m³.)

Motors.—2 Körting, of 75 h.p. each (= 150 h.p.)

Motors.—2 Körting engines, each with 75 h.p. (= 150 h.p.)

Speed.—30½ m.p.h. (49 km.) Made on trials March, 1911.

Speed.—30½ mph (49 km/h). Achieved during trials in March 1911.

Propellers.—Two 4-bladed. Diameter, 9¾ feet (3 m.)

Propellers.—Two 4-blade. Diameter, 9¾ feet (3 m.)

Steering.—Parseval style. This ship is generally an adaptation of the Parseval type. Accommodates 8 people. Completed 1911. Military airship.

Steering.—Parseval style. This ship is usually a version of the Parseval type. It can hold 8 people. Finished in 1911. Military airship.

Remarks.—

Comments.—

Uniform Dirigible Scale.

MANNSBARTH. Non-rigid (1911).
(Alias STAGL MANNSBARTH.)

Maximum length, ? feet (? m.) maximum diameter, ? feet (? m.) volume, 289,600 c. feet (8,200 m³.)

Maximum length, ? feet (? m.) maximum diameter, ? feet (? m.) volume, 289,600 cubic feet (8,200 m³.)

Total lift.— lbs. ( kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—Divided into 4 compartments. Ballonet in each.

Gas bags.—Split into 4 sections. Each has a ballonet.

Motors.—2 of 150 h.p. each (= 300 h.p.)

Motors.—2 at 150 hp each (= 300 hp)

Speed.—40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.)

Speed.—40 mph (65 kph)

Propellers.—3. Diameter, 13 feet (4 m.) Also 1 helice.

Propellers.—3. Diameter, 13 feet (4 m.). Also 1 blade.

Steering.—Helice used as elevator. Rudder aft. Forward and after ballonets also used as elevators, Parseval style. Completed 1911.

Steering.—Helice used as an elevator. Rudder at the back. Front and rear balloonets are also used as elevators, Parseval style. Completed in 1911.

Remarks.—Built for Government, but not taken over.

Remarks.—Constructed for the Government, but not acquired.

[Pg 25]

PARSEVAL P.L. 4. Non-rigid. = MILITARY M I. (1909.)

Maximum length, 164 feet (50 m.) approx. diameter, 28¼ feet (8.60 m.) volume, ? c. feet (2,300 m³.)

Total lift.—5,730 lbs. (2,600 kgs.)

Total lift.—5,730 lbs (2,600 kg)

Gas bags.—Rubbered fabric by Austrian American Rubber Co.

Gas bags.—Rubber fabric by the Austrian American Rubber Company.

Motor.—70-100 h.p. Mercedes Daimler. 1,200 r.p.m. at 70 h.p.

Motor.—70-100 hp Mercedes Daimler. 1,200 rpm at 70 hp.

Speed.—27 m.p.h. (45 km.) made on trials.

Speed.—27 mph (45 km/h) achieved during tests.

Propellers.—Parseval type, semi-rigid, chain driven, 3-bladed. Diameter, 11½ feet (3.50 m.)

Steering.—Parseval system.

Steering—Parseval system.

Remarks.—Built by the Austrian Motorluftschiff Gesellschaft to the Parseval type C design (see Germany). Taken over by the Austro-Hungarian Army, December, 1909. Has flown 6½ hours. Has risen to 1,150 metres and subsequently flown 1½ hours. Carries 4 persons, about 400 lbs. (180 kgs.) ballast, and fuel for 12 hours. Station: Fischamend.

Remarks.—Built by the Austrian Motorluftschiff Gesellschaft to the Parseval type C design (see Germany). Taken over by the Austro-Hungarian Army in December 1909. Has flown for 6½ hours. Has reached 1,150 meters and then flown for another 1½ hours. Carries 4 people, about 400 lbs. (180 kgs.) of ballast, and fuel for 12 hours. Station: Fischamend.

[Pg 26]

BELGIAN.

(Revised by M. BRACKE, Aeronautical Engineer & Editor of "L'Aero Mécanique.")

Aerial Societies:—

Aero Club Belgique.

Aero Club Belgium.

Aero Club of Hainault.

Hainault Aero Club.

La Ligue Nationale Belgique.

Belgian National League.

Delta Club (Kites).

Ae. C. de Flanders.

Ae. C. du Littoral.

Ae. C. de Liege-Spa.

Aerial Journals:—

La Conquête de l'Air. (214 Rue Royale, Brussels) bimonthly, 5 francs p.a.

The Conquest of the Air. (214 Royal Street, Brussels) bimonthly, 5 francs per year.

L'Aero Mécanique (Brussels edition). Chemin de St. Denis, Casteau, Mons., Belgium, 2.50 f.

L'Aero Mécanique (Brussels edition). St. Denis Road, Casteau, Mons, Belgium, 2.50 f.

L'Aviation Industrielle et Commerciale (monthly), Chemin de St. Denis, Casteau, Mons., 1.50 f.

Flying Grounds:—

Berchem.

Brasschaet (Military).

Camp de Casteau. (Aviation Industrielle & Commerciale).

Camp de Casteau. (Industrial & Commercial Aviation).

Etterbeek, near Brussels.

Etterbeek, close to Brussels.

Kiewit.

St. Job (private property Baron de Caters.).

[Pg 27]

BELGIAN AEROPLANES.

Military Aeroplanes.

At the end of 1912 the military air force consisted of three 50 h.p. Gnome H. Farman 1911 military, used for instructional purposes, and twenty-four 70 h.p. Gnome H. Farmans (model 1912 military), for war work:

At the end of 1912, the military air force included three 50 h.p. Gnome H. Farman 1911 military planes, which were used for training, and twenty-four 70 h.p. Gnome H. Farmans (model 1912 military), designated for combat operations:

The military school is at Brasschaet, near Antwerp. Major Campion in command.

The military school is located in Brasschaet, close to Antwerp, with Major Campion in charge.

The course is as follows:

The course details are as follows:

1. Theoretical course.—Lectures on meteorology, structure of aeroplanes, aviation motors, etc.

1. Theoretical course.—Lectures on weather science, airplane design, aircraft engines, etc.

2. Practical.—This, in addition to flight, consists of dismounting and replacing parts of aeroplanes and aerial motors, all general repairs, erecting hangars and aerial photography.

2. Practical.—This, in addition to flying, includes getting off and replacing parts of airplanes and aircraft engines, all general repairs, building hangars, and aerial photography.

The school possesses nine hangars, of which three are Bessonneau type, three wooden, and three metal.

The school has nine hangars: three of them are Bessonneau type, three are wooden, and three are metal.

For 1913 the sum of £20,000 is to be expended for purchase of aeroplanes and the establishment of aerial squadrons at Antwerp, Liege, and Brasschaet.

For 1913, £20,000 will be spent on purchasing airplanes and setting up aerial squadrons in Antwerp, Liege, and Brasschaet.

These are organised into six squadrons of four units each. The full complement of each squadron is eight aviators, fifteen to 20 mechanics, etc., and six citizen soldiers.

These are organized into six squadrons of four units each. Each squadron consists of eight aviators, fifteen to twenty mechanics, etc., and six citizen soldiers.

The question of hydro-avions for the Congo is under consideration.

The issue of seaplanes for the Congo is being looked into.

AVIATORS.

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. Belgique pilot certificate number.)

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. Belgique pilot certificate number.)

Military.

Broune, Lieut. (37)
Cozic, R. (23)
Dhanis, Lieut. (35)
Heinter Poorten (47)

Lebon, Lieut. (36)
Moulin, E. (45)
Movtens, Lieut. (19)
Nelis, Lieut, (in command) (28)

Robert, V. (47)
Sarteel, Lieut. (26)
Sournoy, J. (46)
Tocy, Lieut.

Private.

Allard, E. (4)
Armand, C. (22)
Baugniet, Edmond (18)
Boel
Bracke, A.
Camille, Amand (22)
Christiaens, Joseph (7)
Crombez (25)
De Caters, Baron (1)
De Heel, Emile (24)
D'Hespel, Comte Joseph (15)
De la Hault, Adhemar
De Laet, E. (31)
De Laminne, Chev (9)
De Jonckeer (44)

Depireux, Isidore (20)
De Petrovsky, Alexandre (11)
De Ridder, Alphonse (13)
De Roy, W. (41)
Descommines
Deudeuner, A. (43)
Dolphyn (40)
Doneryos, J. (33)
Duray, A. (3)
Dutrieu, Mdlle. H. (27)
Fischer, Jules (12)
Frenay, Fernand (21)
Hanciau, P. (34)
Hanouilleo, P. (42)
Hasen

Lamblotte, F. (29)
Lanser, Alfred (16)
Lescart, F. (30)
Mestagh, G. (39)
Michez, S.R. (32)
Olieslagers, Jan (5)
Olieslagers, Max
Orta, José
Peeters
Pickard
Stellingwerff, J. (49)
Tyck, Jules (8)
Van den Born, Chas. (6)
Verschaeve, Fernand (17)
Verstraeten, Léon (14)

The following Belgian aviators have been killed:—

The following Belgian aviators have lost their lives:—

Kinet, Daniel (2)
Kinet, Nicolas (10)
Verrept, John (38)

[Pg 28]

BEHUEGHE

(Bron), in Herseun. Built in 1912. A monoplane that flew very well at camp of Casteau Aerodrome during May—October. Motor.—25. h.p. type Morane. New designs in wing construction, landing chassis, etc.

(Bron), in Herseun. Built in 1912. A monoplane that performed excellently at the Casteau Aerodrome during May to October. Engine.—25 h.p. Morane type. New designs in wing construction, landing gear, etc.

A. BRACKE

(formerly Bracke, Missyon & Co.), Casteau, Mons. In 1910, constructed the first aeroplane built by a Belgium firm—a monoplane with planes at 120. This machine has not been duplicated: but the firm have since built machines to private specifications. The only firm which has in Belgium the speciality of aeronautical patents.

(formerly Bracke, Missyon & Co.), Casteau, Mons. In 1910, they built the first airplane made by a Belgian company—a monoplane with a wingspan of 120. This aircraft has not been replicated; however, the company has since produced machines to meet individual specifications. It is the only company in Belgium specializing in aeronautical patents.

DE BROUCKERE,

23 rue Joardens, Brussels. Biplane. H. Farman. type. Built in 1911, modified in 1912.

23 Rue Joardens, Brussels. Biplane. H. Farman. Type. Built in 1911, modified in 1912.

DE LA HAULT

Adhémar de la Hault, 214 rue Royale, Brussels. In 1906, built a flapper of novel design. This was followed in 1910, by a machine on monoplane lines with one fixed plane and two flapping wings. This failed to fly, and in August, 1911, was altered into a biplane. It did not succeed, however. M. Hault is still pursuing the ornithopter question.

Adhémar de la Hault, 214 rue Royale, Brussels. In 1906, he created a flapper with a new design. This was followed in 1910 by a machine modeled after a monoplane, featuring one fixed wing and two flapping wings. It didn’t fly, and in August 1911, it was modified into a biplane. However, it still didn’t succeed. M. Hault is continuing to explore the ornithopter concept.

HAREL I. Biplane.

Length.—49¼ feet (15 m.) Surface.—344½ sq. feet (32 m².) Weight.—771 lbs. (350 kgs.), flying order. Warping wings. Monoplane tail. Motor.—50 h.p. Gnome, mounted just under and forward of the upper wing. Tractor.—1 Chauviere. Elevator placed 1 in front and 1 in rear, H. Farman style. Rudders, 2 in rear. Completed May, 1911. For further details see Conquete de l'Air, July 1st, 1911. Property of M. Van der Stegen.

Length.—49¼ feet (15 m.) Surface.—344½ sq. feet (32 m².) Weight.—771 lbs. (350 kgs.), in flying condition. Warping wings. Monoplane tail. Motor.—50 h.p. Gnome, installed just below and in front of the upper wing. Tractor.—1 Chauviere. Elevators placed 1 in front and 1 in back, H. Farman style. Rudders, 2 in the back. Completed May, 1911. For more details, see Conquete de l'Air, July 1st, 1911. Owned by M. Van der Stegen.

WILLIAMS. Biplane.

Motor.—70 h.p. E.N.V. Generally of headless Voisin type on a Farman body. Completed 1911. Has flown fairly well.[Pg 29]

Motor.—70 h.p. E.N.V. Typically designed as a headless Voisin on a Farman body. Finished in 1911. Has performed quite well in flight.[Pg 29]

BELGIAN DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

1910.

1. LA BELGIQUE II (late I) 4,000 m³.

BELGIUM II (late I) 4,000 m³.

1911.

2. LA BELGIQUE III

2. Belgium III

Note.—La Belgique I was built in 1909 and re-built 1910.

Note.—La Belgique I was built in 1909 and rebuilt in 1910.

Private.

VILLE DE BRUXELLES 6,000 m³.

CITY OF BRUSSELS 6,000 m³.

[Pg 30]

LA BELGIQUE II. (No. 1 rebuilt.) Military.

Length, 226 feet (64.8 m.) maximum diameter, 35 feet (10.75 m.) capacity, 141,300 cubic feet (4,000 m³.) total lift, 9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.)

Length, 226 feet (64.8 m) maximum diameter, 35 feet (10.75 m) capacity, 141,300 cubic feet (4,000 m³) total lift, 9,921 lbs (4,500 kgs)

Gas bag.—Rubber proofed Continental fabric. Ballonet, filled by a separate motor giving 7.5 inches of water pressure. Warm air can be pumped in if required. Ballonet, 28,250 c. feet (800 m³.)

Gas bag.—Rubber-coated Continental fabric. Ballonet, filled by a separate motor providing 7.5 inches of water pressure. Warm air can be pumped in if needed. Ballonet, 28,250 cubic feet (800 m³).

Motors.—2, each of 60 h.p., Vivinus, 4-cylinder, 112×130.

Motors.—2, each with 60 horsepower, Vivinus, 4-cylinder, 112×130.

Propellers.—1 in front of the car. 285 revolutions per minute. Wood construction.

Propellers.—1 in front of the car. 285 RPM. Made of wood.

Speed.—25 miles per hour. 40 km. per hour.

Speed.—25 mph. 40 km/h.

Planes.—Horizontal: a gas tube bent horizontally round the tail. Vertical: vertical fins on the tail, and a long vertical keel under the gas bag.

Planes.—Horizontal: a gas tube curved around the tail. Vertical: vertical fins on the tail, plus a long vertical keel beneath the gas bag.

Car.—A girder, square in section, tapered at both ends. Built of tubular steel. Length, 82 feet (25 m.)

Car.—A girder with a square shape that tapers at both ends. Made from tubular steel. Length: 82 feet (25 m).

Miscellaneous.—Built by L. Godard, France, 1909. Crew, 3 men. Accommodation for 1 passenger. Fuel for 10 hours. Greatest height attainable, 3,280 feet (1,000 m.)

Miscellaneous. — Built by L. Godard, France, 1909. Crew: 3 people. Space for 1 passenger. Fuel for 10 hours. Maximum altitude reached: 3,280 feet (1,000 m).

Table of weights.—

Weight chart.—

Gas bag, complete with ballonet, valves, planes,	lbs.	kgs.
suspension, etc	1,951	885
Propellers (2)	275½	125
Blower	33	15
3 h.p. motor for blower	33	15
Motors (2) complete with gearing and shafting	1,410	640
Car	992	450
Fuel for 10 hours	738½	335
Ballast	826¾	375
1 passenger (or ballast)	154	70
Crew (3)	463	210
Guide ropes, etc	220	100
Miscellaneous	88	40
	About 7,165	3,250

Remarks.—Reconstructed in the winter of 1909. There are two noteworthy innovations in connection with the ballonet. (1) The ballonet can be warmed by the motor. (2) In case of real emergency air can be pumped direct into the gas bag. Experiments of the utmost importance to all airships are in progress with a view to ridding the gas of this air cheaply and quickly.

Remarks.—Reconstructed in the winter of 1909. There are two significant innovations related to the ballonet. (1) The ballonet can be heated by the engine. (2) In case of a real emergency, air can be pumped directly into the gas bag. Experiments that are crucial for all airships are underway to find a way to efficiently and quickly remove this air from the gas.

LA BELGIQUE III. Military.

Presented 1910 to the Belgian Government by H.M. the King of the Belgians. 4,500 m³. Practically same as II, but has 3 propellers. Motors.—Two 100 h.p. Germain.

Presented 1910 to the Belgian Government by H.M. the King of the Belgians. 4,500 m³. Practically the same as II, but has 3 propellers. Motors.—Two 100 h.p. Germain.

VILLE DE BRUXELLES.

(Formerly known as LA FLANDRE.)

(Previously known as LA FLANDRE.)

(Astra type.)

(Astra model.)

Maximum length, 256 feet (78 m.) maximum diameter, 41 feet (12.4 m.) volume, 212,000 c. feet (6,000 m³.)

Maximum length: 256 feet (78 m.) maximum diameter: 41 feet (12.4 m.) volume: 212,000 cubic feet (6,000 m³.)

Total lift.—15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.) Useful lift, ? lbs. ( ? kgs.)

Gas bags.—Continental rubbered fabric, yellow. Ballonet, 16,146 c. feet (1,500 m³.)

Gas bags.—Continental rubberized fabric, yellow. Ballonet, 16,146 cubic feet (1,500 m³.)

Motors.—2 Pipe motors of 100 h.p. each, placed in line with each other in the fore and aft line, and with clutches and the necessary gearing in between them.

Motors.—Two 100 h.p. pipe motors, arranged in a straight line along the front and back, with clutches and the required gearing in between them.

Speed.—35 m.p.h.

Speed.—35 mph.

Propellers.—3, namely: one at the fore end, driven by the two motors when coupled together, and two placed above and on either side of the centre of the car, for use when only one motor is running. Chauvière propellers.

Propellers.—3, which are: one at the front end, powered by both motors when connected, and two located above and on either side of the center of the car, for use when only one motor is running. Chauvière propellers.

Steering.—Vertical steering by means of a large double aeroplane fixed above the car, about a third from the front. Horizontal steering by means of a double vertical rudder above the rear end of the car. Stability is secured by the usual Astra pear shaped stabilising gas bags, with fins of rubbered cloth spread between the inner edges of these shapes.

Steering.—Vertical steering is achieved with a large double airplane mounted above the car, positioned about a third of the way from the front. Horizontal steering is provided by a double vertical rudder located at the rear end of the car. Stability is maintained by the standard Astra pear-shaped stabilizing gas bags, featuring rubberized cloth fins spread between the inner edges of these shapes.

Remarks.—The distinctive feature of this ship is the arrangement of the propellers. Both motors can be coupled either on to the front propeller or on to the two rear propellers, or on to all three together, but they are actually intended only to drive the front one. On stopping either motor the other is connected to the two rear propellers, which are designed for a slower speed of translation than the front one, with the result that the running motor does not find itself overloaded as it would if the same propeller had to serve both for one and for two motors.

Remarks.—The unique feature of this ship is how the propellers are set up. Both engines can be connected to either the front propeller or to the two rear propellers, or even to all three at once, but they are actually meant to power only the front one. When one engine is stopped, the other is connected to the two rear propellers, which are designed for slower speeds than the front one. This way, the running engine isn't overloaded, which would happen if it had to power both a single and dual motor setup on the same propeller.

[Pg 31]

BRAZILIAN.

AVIATORS.

Garos, Queiroz, Robert, Henri, Santos-Dumont, Versepuiz.

There are possibly one to two aeroplanes in Brazil, but the well-known aviators live in France. Little or nothing seems doing in Brazil as yet.

There might be one or two airplanes in Brazil, but the famous pilots are living in France. It seems like not much is happening in Brazil yet.

[Pg 32]

BRITISH.

Aerial Societies:—

Royal Aero Club.

Royal Aeroclub.

Aerial League.

Aerial Team.

Aeronautical Society. (Premier Society, founded 1866.)

Aeronautical Society. (Top Society, established 1866.)

Brooklands Aero Club.

Brooklands Aviation Club.

There were once a great many local aero clubs, but the majority of these have ceased to exist and with one or two possible exceptions all the rest are moribund.

There used to be a lot of local aero clubs, but most of them have shut down, and with one or two possible exceptions, all the others are barely hanging on.

Aerial Journals, etc.:—

Aeronautical Journal. Quarterly. 53, Victoria St., London, S.W.

Aeronautical Journal. Quarterly. 53 Victoria St., London, SW.

Aeronautics. 3d. monthly. 27, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.

Aeronautics. 3rd. monthly. 27 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.

The Aero. 6d. monthly. 20, Tudor St., London, E.C.

The Aero. 6d. monthly. 20 Tudor St., London, E.C.

Flight. 3d. every Saturday. 44, St. Martins Lane, London, W.C. (Official organ of the R. Ae. C.)

Flight. 3d. every Saturday. 44 St. Martins Lane, London, W.C. (Official publication of the Royal Aeronautical Club.)

The Aeroplane. 1d. weekly, 166, Piccadilly, London.

The Aeroplane. 1p. weekly, 166, Piccadilly, London.

All the World's Aircraft. 21/-. Annual. 100, Southwark Street, London, S.E. and 5, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

All the World's Aircraft. £21. Annual subscription. 100 Southwark Street, London, SE1 and 5 Queen Victoria Street, London, EC4.

In addition, the Car Illustrated and the Motor devote considerable space to aerial matters.

In addition, the Car Illustrated and the Motor dedicate a lot of space to aerial topics.

Principal Flying Grounds:—

Aldershot.—Army school.

Aldershot.—Military academy.

Brighton, Shoreham Aerodrome. Aero school.

Brighton, Shoreham Aerodrome. Flight school.

Brooklands.—Bristol school.

Brooklands.—Bristol Academy.

Camber Sands, Rye, Sussex.—At low tide moderately hard sand and soft places. Area two miles by one mile.

Camber Sands, Rye, Sussex.—At low tide, there’s a mix of firm sand and softer spots. The area measures two miles by one mile.

Dagenham (Aeronautical Society).

Dagenham (Aerospace Society).

Dartford Marsh.—Vickers school.

Dartford Marsh.—Vickers School.

Dunstall Park, Wolverhampton.

Dunstall Park, Wolverhampton.

Eastbourne. Aerodrome School.

Eastbourne Aerodrome School.

Eastchurch, Sheppey.—(R. Ae. C.) 350 acres. Sheds. Members only. R. Naval school.

Filey.—Blackburn school.

Filey.—Blackburn School.

Hendon.—Grahame-White, Blackburn, Bleriot, Deperdussin, Temple and Ewen schools.

Hendon.—Grahame-White, Blackburn, Bleriot, Deperdussin, Temple, and Ewen schools.

Lanark.—Deperdussin school.

Lanark.—Deperdussin Academy.

Liverpool (Melly school).

Llandudno & North Wales.—Aerodrome.

Llandudno & North Wales.—Airport.

Mapplin Sands, Essex.—(Foulness). Very hard sand at low tide. Area ten miles by four miles. Property of War Office. Flying forbidden in winter.

Mapplin Sands, Essex.—(Foulness). Very firm sand at low tide. Area is ten miles by four miles. Owned by the War Office. Flying is prohibited in winter.

Salisbury Plain.—Bristol school. Vast space available. Plenty of fairly smooth ground. Army school.

Salisbury Plain.—Bristol school. Huge open area. Lots of fairly flat land. Military training ground.

Shoreham.—(See Brighton).

Upavon. Central flying school (R. Flying Corps.)

Upavon. Central Flight School (Royal Flying Corps.)

[Pg 33]

BRITISH MILITARY AVIATION.

Royal Flying Corps.

In 1912 the Royal Flying Corps was instituted. It consists of two wings, navy and army, with a central flying school at Upavon, Salisbury Plain.

In 1912, the Royal Flying Corps was established. It includes two branches: navy and army, with a central flying school located at Upavon, Salisbury Plain.

The staff is as follows:—

The staff includes:—

Commandant: Paine, Capt. G.M., M.V.O., R.N.
Secretary: Lidderdale, Asst. Paymaster J.H., R.N.
Medical Officer: Lithgow, Capt. E.G.R., R.A.M.C.
Quarter-Master: Kirby, Hon. Lieut. (Qr.-Mr.), V.C.
Instructor in Theory and Construction: Cook, Lieut.-Col. H. R., R.A.
Instructor in Meteorology: Dobson, G., Esq.
Instructors in Flying:
Fulton, Capt. J. D. B., R.A.
Gerrard, Capt. E. L., R.M.
Shepherd, Lieut. P. A., R.N.
Trenchard, Mt. Maj. H. M., D.S.O., R. Sc. Fus.
Salmond, Capt. J. M., R. Lanc. R.
Inspector of Engines: Randall, Eng.-Lieut. C. R. J., R.N.

Commandant: Paine, Capt. G.M., M.V.O., R.N.
Secretary: Lidderdale, Asst. Paymaster J.H., R.N.
Medical Officer: Lithgow, Capt. E.G.R., R.A.M.C.
Quarter-Master: Kirby, Hon. Lieut. (Qr.-Mr.), V.C.
Instructor in Theory and Construction: Cook, Lieut.-Col. H. R., R.A.
Instructor in Meteorology: Dobson, G., Esq.
Instructors in Flying:
Capt. J. D. B. Fulton, R.A.
Gerrard, Capt. E. L., R.M.
Lieutenant P. A. Shepherd, R.N.
Trenchard, Major H. M., D.S.O., Royal Scots Fusiliers.
Salmond, Capt. J. M., Royal Lancashire Regiment.
Inspector of Engines: Randall, Eng.-Lieut. C. R. J., R.N.

Royal Aircraft Factory.

This is situated at Farnborough. Mervyn O'Gorman is superintendent. There are large sheds. Some B E biplanes have been built here, but the principal object of the factory is understood to be repairs and maintenance.

This is located in Farnborough. Mervyn O'Gorman is the superintendent. There are large sheds. Some B E biplanes have been constructed here, but the main purpose of the factory is believed to be repairs and maintenance.

[Pg 34]

Naval Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.

There is a special Air Department at the Admiralty with Captain M. F. Sueter, as Director, Commander O. Schwann and Lieut. C. L'Estrange-Malone, as Assistants, Eng. Lieut. G. W. S. Aldwell, as Eng. Inspector.

There is a dedicated Air Department at the Admiralty led by Captain M. F. Sueter as the Director, with Commander O. Schwann and Lieutenant C. L'Estrange-Malone as Assistants, and Engineer Lieutenant G. W. S. Aldwell serving as the Engineering Inspector.

Officers are graded Flying Officers, then Flight Commanders, thence to Squadron Commanders.

Officers are rated as Flying Officers, then Flight Commanders, and finally as Squadron Commanders.

The flying school is at Eastchurch, Sheppey. Commander Sampson, S.C., in command. There are at present four air stations: (1) Isle of Grain, (2) Calshot, (3) Harwich, (4) Yarmouth.

The flying school is located in Eastchurch, Sheppey. Commander Sampson, S.C., is in charge. Currently, there are four air stations: (1) Isle of Grain, (2) Calshot, (3) Harwich, (4) Yarmouth.

At the end of March, 1913, the total number of aeroplanes including those on order, school machines, etc., was about 32; of which about 16 were effective for war purposes or available at short notice.

At the end of March 1913, the total number of airplanes, including those on order, training planes, etc., was around 32; of which about 16 were ready for military use or available on short notice.

These machines were as follows:—

7 monoplanes ( = 1 Bleriot, 2 Deperdussin, 1 Etrich, 1 Nieuport, 2 Short).
15 biplanes ( = 1 Avro, 2 Bristol, 1 Breguet, 1 Caudron, 2 H. Farman, 1 M. Farman, 5 Short, 2 Sopwith).
10 hydro-avions ( = 1 Astra, 1 Avro, 2 Borel, 1 Donnet-Leveque, 1 H. Farman, 1 M. Farman, 3 Short).

7 monoplanes ( = 1 Bleriot, 2 Deperdussin, 1 Etrich, 1 Nieuport, 2 Short).
15 biplanes ( = 1 Avro, 2 Bristol, 1 Breguet, 1 Caudron, 2 H. Farman, 1 M. Farman, 5 Short, 2 Sopwith).
10 hydroplanes ( = 1 Astra, 1 Avro, 2 Borel, 1 Donnet-Leveque, 1 H. Farman, 1 M. Farman, 3 Short).

The personnel is as follows (number after names is the R. Ae. C. brevet number):—

The personnel is as follows (the number after names is the R. Ae. C. brevet number):—

Squadron Commanders.

Gerrard, Capt. F. L., R. M. (76)
Gordon, Capt., R. M. (161)
Gregory, Lieut. (75)
L'Estrange-Malone, Lieut. C. (195)
Longmore, Lieut.
Sampson, Com. C. R. (71)
Shepherd, Lieut. P. A. (215)

Flight Commanders.

Courtney, Lieut. I. T. (R. M.)
Grey, Lieut. Spencer (117)
Risk, Capt. C. E., R. M. (303)
Seddon, Lieut. J. W. (296)

Courtney, Lt. I. T. (R. M.)
Grey, Lt. Spencer (117)
Risk, Capt. C. E., R. M. (303)
Seddon, Lt. J. W. (296)

Flying Officers.

Those marked * are under instruction, not yet graded.

Those marked * are still being taught, and haven't been graded yet.

*Agar, Lieut. A.W.S.
Babington, Lt. J.T. (408)
Bigsworth, Lt. A.W. (390)
*Bobbett, Boatswain H.C. (334)
Bowhill, Lt. F.W. (397)
*Brodribb, Lieut. F.G. (481)
Courtney, Lt. I.T., R.M.
Courtney, Lt. C.L. (328)
*Davies, Lieut. R.B. (90)

*Edmonds, Lieut. G.H.K.
*Fawcett, Capt. H., R.M.
*Gaskell, Lieut. A.B.
*Hathorn, Lieut. G.H.V., R.M.
Hewlett, Sub. Lieutenant, F.E.J.
Lieutenant J.B. Kennedy
*Maude, Lieut. C.E.
*Noyes, Asst. Paymaster, C.R.F.

Oliver, Lt. E.A. (425)
*Parker, Asst. Paymaster E.B. (415)
Rathbone, Lt., C.E., R.M.
Ross, Lt. R.P. (422)
*Sitwell, Lieut. W.G.
Lieutenant J.L. Travers
Vernon, Lt. H.D. (404)
Wildman-Lushington, Lt. G.V., R.M.A.

The following R.N. officers and men are aviators employed in various duties at the Admiralty, at the Central Flying School or at Eastchurch:—

The following R.N. officers and crew members are pilots working in different roles at the Admiralty, at the Central Flying School, or at Eastchurch:—

Aldwell, Eng. Lieut. G.W.S.
Andrews, J.C. (372)
Ashton, Ldg. Seaman
Batemad, Able Seaman P.E. (446)
Briggs, Eng. Lieut. E.F.
Brownridge, Carp.
Collins, Art. Eng. J.V.

Cresswell, Lieut. T.S., R.M. (420)
Deakin, A. (333)
Gerrard, Capt., R.M. (76)
L'Estrange-Malone, Lieut. C. (195)
Lidderdale, Asst. Paymaster H.J. (402)
O'Connor, Art. Eng. T. (280)
Paine, Capt. G.M. (217)

Randall, Eng. Lieut. (81)
Schwann, Com. O. (203)
Scarff, Art. Eng. F.W.
Shaw, Shipwright D. (465)
Shepherd, Lieut. P. (288)
Susans, F. (380)
Wells, Staff. Surg. H.V.

The following have privately secured pilot certificates in the years mentioned but are not employed in the R.F.C. for aeroplane work. Some of them, however (D), are employed in the airship section:—

The following individuals have privately obtained pilot certificates in the mentioned years but are not working in the R.F.C. for airplane duties. Some of them, however (D), are working in the airship division:—

1911.

Bower, Lieut. J.A. (161)
Clark-Hall, Lieut. (127)
Leveson-Gower, Com.
Williamson, Lieut. (150)
Williamson, Lieut. H.A. (160)

Bower, Lt. J.A. (161)
Clark-Hall, Lt. (127)
Leveson-Gower, Com.
Williamson, Lt. (150)
Williamson, Lt. H.A. (160)

Naval. 1912.

Blatherwick, Lieut. G. (450)
Brown, Com. A M.T. (345)
Edwards, Lieut. C.H.H.
D Freeman Williams, Lt. F.A.P.(202)
Head, Lieut, G.G.W. (191)
Hooper, Sub. Lt. C.W.W. (382)
Johnson, Capt. C.D.
D Masterman, Com. E.A.D. (Ae.C.F.)
Prickett, Lieut. C.B. (381)
Trewin, Asst. Paymaster (294)
D Usborne, Lieut. N.F. (449)
Wheeler, Mid. N.F. (370)

Blatherwick, Lt. G. (450)
Brown, Com. A M.T. (345)
Lt. C.H.H. Edwards
D Freeman Williams, Lt. F.A.P. (202)
Head, Lt. G.G.W. (191)
Hooper, Sub. Lt. C.W.W. (382)
Capt. C.D. Johnson
D Masterman, Com. E.A.D. (Ae.C.F.)
Prickett, Lt. C.B. (381)
Trewin, Assistant Paymaster (294)
D Usborne, Lt. N.F. (449)
Wheeler, Mid. N.F. (370)

Naval. 1913.

Naval. 1913.

D Boothby, Lieut. F.L.M. (Ae.C.F.)
Brady, B.J.W. (394)
Brown, Lieut. A.C.G. (398)
Dobie, Lieut. W.F.R. (448)
Fitzmaurice, Lieut. R. (447)
Freeman, S.T. (393)
Littleton, Sub. Lieut. H.A. (405)
Picton-Warlow, Lieut. W. (451)
Ross, Lieut. R.P. (422)

D Boothby, Lt. F.L.M. (Ae.C.F.)
Brady, B.J.W. (394)
Brown, Lt. A.C.G. (398)
Dobie, Lt. W.F.R. (448)
Fitzmaurice, Lt. R. (447)
Freeman, S.T. (393)
Littleton, Sub. Lt. H.A. (405)
Picton-Warlow, Lt. W. (451)
Ross, Lt. R.P. (422)

[Pg 35]

Army Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.

The Army wing has its headquarters at S. Farnborough, its constitution being as follows:—

The Army wing is headquartered in S. Farnborough, and its structure is as follows:—

1st squadron (airships or kites) see Dirigible Section.
2nd squadron (aeroplanes) base at Montrose.
3rd squadron (aeroplanes) base at Salisbury Plain.
4th squadron (aeroplanes) base at S. Farnborough.
(Four more aeroplane squadrons pro.)

1st squadron (airships or kites) see Dirigible Section.
2nd squadron (airplanes) based at Montrose.
3rd squadron (airplanes) based at Salisbury Plain.
4th squadron (airplanes) based at S. Farnborough.
(Four more airplane squadrons pro.)

An aeroplane squadron nominally consists of 18 aeroplanes (9 in service, 9 remounts). At the end of March, 1913, the total number of aeroplanes, including those on order, school machines, etc., was about 110, of which about 50 (including some monoplanes not in use) were effective for war purposes or available at short notice.

An airplane squadron typically includes 18 airplanes (9 in service, 9 replacements). By the end of March 1913, the total number of airplanes, including those on order, training aircraft, and so on, was around 110, of which about 50 (including some unused monoplanes) were ready for combat or available at short notice.

The total of 110 was thus made up:—

The total of 110 was made up as follows:—

22 monoplanes (= 2 Bleriot, 4 Bristol, 5 Deperdussin, 4 Howard-Flanders, 1 Martinsyde, 6 Nieuport).
86 biplanes (= 4 Avro, 22 B.E. type,[A] various makers), 2 Breguet, 2 Caudrons, 30 Farman (various types),
6 Short—and about 20 Avro or Farman or Short not delivered.

22 monoplanes (= 2 Bleriot, 4 Bristol, 5 Deperdussin, 4 Howard-Flanders, 1 Martinsyde, 6 Nieuport).
86 biplanes (= 4 Avro, 22 B.E. type,[A] various manufacturers), 2 Breguet, 2 Caudrons, 30 Farman (various types),
6 Short—and about 20 Avro or Farman or Short still not delivered.

Squadron Commanders.

Brooke-Popham, Capt. H.R.M. (108)
Burke, Capt, C.J. (46) (Ae.C.F. 260)
Carden, Lt. A. D. (239)
Cook, Lt.-Col. H. R. (42)
Fulton, Major J. D. B. (27)
Raleigh, Capt. G. H. (196)
Trenchard, Major H. M. (270)

Brooke-Popham, Capt. H.R.M. (108)
Burke, Capt. C.J. (46) (Ae.C.F. 260)
Carden, Lt. A. D. (239)
Cook, Lt.-Col. H. R. (42)
Fulton, Major J. D. B. (27)
Raleigh, Capt. G. H. (196)
Trenchard, Major H. M. (270)

Flight Commanders.

Allen, Capt. C. R. W. (159)
Beor, Lt. B. R. W. (R.A.) (185)
Becke, Capt. J. H. W. (236)
Connor, Lt. D. G. (54)
Fox, Lt. A. G. (176)
Higgins, Major J. F. A. (R.A.) (264)
Longcroft, Lt. C. A. H. (192)
Reynolds, Lt. H. R. P. (R.E.)
Salmond, Capt. J. M.
Webb-Bowen, Capt. T. I. (242)

Flying Officers.

2nd Lt. R. O. Abercromby (134)
Allen, Lt. D.L. (318)
Anderson, Lt. E. V. (247)
Atkinson, Lt. K. P. (267)
Barrington-Kennett, Lt. B. H. (Adjutant) (43)
Beatty, Capt. W. D. (89)
*Birch, Lt. W. C. K. (375)
Board, Capt. A. G. S. (36)
Boyle, Lt. the Hon. D. G.
Burchardt-Ashton, Lt. A. E.
Burroughs, Lt. J.E.G.
Carmichael, Lt. G.I. (316)
*Chinnery, Lt. E. F. (211)
Cholmondeley, Lt. R. (271)
*Christie, Lt. A. (R.A.) (245)
Conran, Lt. E.L. (342)
*Corbalis, Lt. E. R. L.
Darbyshire, Capt. C. (257)
Dawes, Lt. L. (228)
Dawes, Captain G. W. P. (17)
*Gill, Lt. N. J. (174)
Glanville, Lt. H.F. (307)

Gould, 2nd Lt. C. G. S. (282)
Lt. E. G. Harvey
*Harvey-Kelley, Lt. H. D.
Herbert, Captain P. L. W. (244)
Holt, Lt. A. V. (312)
Hubbard, 2nd Lt. T. O. B. (202)
Hynes, Lt. G. B. (R.A.) (40)
James, Lt. B.T.
Joubert, de la F. Lt. P. B. (280)
Lt. W. Lawrence
MacDonnell, Capt. H. C. (273)
MacClean, Lt. A. C. H.
*Mapplebeck, Lt. G. W. C. (386)
Martyn, Lt. R.B.
Mead, Sgt. J. (475)
Mellor, Capt. C. (155)
*Mills, Lt. R. P. (377)
Moss, Major L. B. (241)
*Musgrave, Capt. H. (R.E.)
*Mulcahy-Morgan, Lt. T. W.
*Noel, Lt. M. W. (416)
Pepper, Lt. J.W. (98)

*Picton-Warlow, Lt. W. (451)
Playfair, 2nd Lt. P. H. L. (283)
*Pretyman, Lt. G. F. (341)
Porter, Lt. G. T. (R.A.) (169)
Pryce, Hon. Lt. W. J. D. (Quartermaster)
*Read, Lt. A. M. (336)
*Rodwell, Lt. R. M.
Roupell, 2nd Lt N. S. (237)
Shepherd, Capt. G. S. (215)
Soames, Lt. A.H.L.
Small, Lt. F. G. D. (429)
*Small, Lt. R. G. (343)
Smith-Barry, 2nd Lt. R. R. (161)
Stopford, Lt. G. B.
*Todd, Lt. E. (185)
Lt. A. B. Thompson
Tucker, Captain F. St. G.
*Vaughan, 2nd Lt. R. M.
Wadham, 2nd Lt. V. H. N. (243)
Waldron, Lt. F. F. (260)
Wanklyn, Lt. F.A. (284)

Reserve.

Ashmore, Major E. B. (281)
Bell, 2nd Lt. C. G. (100)
De Havilland, 2nd Lt. G. (53)
Hartree. 2nd Lt. A. (214)

Henderson, Col. D. (118)
Marks, Lt. C. H. (83)
Pizey, 2nd Lt. C. P. (61)
Salmond, Capt. W. G. H.

Smith, Lt. S. C. W.
Unwin, Lt. E. F.
Warter, 2nd Lt. H. de V. (107)

Special Reserve. (2nd Lieuts. on probation.)

Biard, H. C., de la F. (218)
Busteed, H. R. (194)
Charteris, R. L. (197)
Cutler, H. D. (189)
Davies, E. K. (22 years old)
*Fuller, E. N. (325)
Fuller, H. C. (Ae. C. F.)

Gibson, W. E. (129)
Hammond, J. J. (32 years old)
Humphreys, G. N. (390)
Lerwill, F.W.H.
Metford, L.S. (146)
Perry, E. W. C. (130)
Rickards, G. B. (400)

Sippe, S. V. (172)
Spratt, N. C. (339)
Ware, D.C.
Wilson, C. D. (Ae. C. F. 136)
*Wilson, C. W. (329)
Young, D. G. (207)

The following have qualified privately, R. Ae. C. brevets, but are not at present employed in the Aeroplane Section:—

The following have privately qualified for R. Ae. C. credentials but are currently not working in the Aeroplane Section:—

1910.

Gibb, Lt. (10)
Snowden Smith, Lt. (29)
Watkins, Lt. H. E. (25)
Wood, Capt. H. F. (37)

1911.

Blacker, Lt. (12)
Cross, Lt. (151)
Dickson, Capt. (Ae. C. F. 260)
Harford, Lt. (152)
Harrison, Capt. (158)
Hoare, Capt. (126)

Hooper, Lt. (149)
Hutchinson, Capt. Steele (143)
Manisty, Lt. G. (135)
Pitcher, Capt. (125)
Sebag-Montefiore, Lt. (93)
Smeaton, Lt.-Col. (115)
Strover, Lt. E. J. (145)

1912.

Agnew, Capt. C. H. (240)
Alston, Capt. R. C. W. (255)
Ashton, Lt. A. E. B. (201)
Bannerman, Major Sir A. (213)
Boger, Capt. R. (335)
Borton, Lt. A. E. (170)
Boyle, Capt. M. (241)
Brodigan, Lt. F. J. (200)
Broke-Smith, Capt. D. W. (204)
Bulkeley, Lt. H. T. (246)
Carfrae, Lt. G. T. (188)
Chamier, Capt. J. A. (340)
Cordner, Capt. R. H. L. (277)
Ellington, Capt. E. L. (305)
Empsom, Lt. J. (387)

Fielding, L. H. C. (212)
Fletcher, Lt. (229)
Hanlon, Lt. D. R. (311)
Jones, Lt. B. T. (230)
Lewis, Lt. D. (216)
Mackay, Lt. M. E. (177)
Mackworth, Lt. J. D. (209)
Martin-Barry, Lt. (Ae. C. F.)
McCudden, Capt. J. H. (269)
Miller, Capt. G. R. (313)
Murray, Lt. R. G. H. (320)
Nicholas, Capt. C. P. (266)
Penn-Gaskell, Lt. L. de C. (308)
Percival, Lt. D. (226)

Pollok, Lt. R. V. (379)
Powell, Capt. D. W. (389)
Price, Capt. C. L. (299)
Rawson, Lt. K. (249)
Reilly, Lt. H. L. (252)
Ridd, Corporal F. (227)
Roger, Capt. R. (335)
Stott, Capt. J. N. J. (373)
Styles, Lt. F. E. (338)
Thomas, Staff-Sergt. (276)
Trevenon, Lt. B. J. (230)
Weeding, Capt. (182)
Winfield-Smith, Lt. S. G. (187)
Worthington-Wilmer, Lt. F. M. (254)

1913.

Archer, Lt. R. H. (434)
Bayly, Lt. C. G. G. (441)
Bruce, Sergt. W. R. (467)
Bourke, Lt. U. J. D. (479)
Cameron, Major N. J. (478)
Chidson, Lt. M. R. (471)
Crogan, Lt. F. J. L. (460)
Harrison, Lt.
Hawker, Lt. L. G. (435)

Hordern, Lt. L. C. (440)
Hosking, Lt. C. G. (472)
Hunter, Sergt.
Kemper, Sergt. K. (444)
Lee, Lt. C. F. (431)
Maclean, Lt. L. L. (427)
Marshall, Lt. R. (470)
McMullern, Lt. J. D. (436)

Merrick, Major G. C. (484)
Mitchell, Lt. W. G. S. (483)
Read, Lt. W. R. (463)
Rees, Lt. Col. W. B. (392)
Stafford, Sergt. W. G. (438)
Street, Sergt. E. J. (439)
Thomas, Sergt. Major
Vagg, Sergt. H. R. (443)

The above figures are mainly taken from The Aeroplane, 1st May, 1913.

The figures above are mostly sourced from The Aeroplane, May 1, 1913.

* = under instruction; not yet graded.

[A] Twelve of these B.E. were held up pending some special steel wire strainers which had been specified.

[A] Twelve of these B.E. were on hold, waiting for some specific steel wire strainers that had been requested.

[Pg 36]

BRITISH AVIATORS—PRIVATE.
PRIVATE AVIATORS.

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the R. Ae. C. pilot certificate number).

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the R. Ae. C. pilot certificate number).

To end of 1911.

Abbott, C. R. (101)
Aitken, A. H. (56)
Anderson, J. A. (164)
Archer, Ernest (Ae. C. F. 214)
Ballard, F. M. (151)
Barber, H. (30)
Barnes, G. A. (16)
Blackburn, H. (79)
Bowens, R. G. (39)
Boyle, Hon. Alan (13)
Bretherton, John (136)
Breton, J. (136)
Brown, H. B. (109)
Chataway, J. D. (167)
Challenger, G. H. (58)
Chambers, C. F. M. (168)
Cockburn, G. B. (5)
Cockerell, P. (132)
Cody, S. F. (9)
Conway-Jenkins, F. (74)
Crawshay, R. (133)
Colmore, G. C. (15)
Dacre, G. B. (162)
Darroch, G. R. S. (59)
Dolphin, W. H. (82)
Dunkinfield-Jones (138)
Ducroq, M. (23)
Dyott, G. M. (114)
Driver, E. F. (110)
Egerton, M. Hon. (11)
England, Gordon (68)
Esterre, C. R. (Ae. C. F. 259)
Ewen, W. H. (63)
Fleming, H. R. (69)
George, A. E. (19)
Graham-White, Claud (6) (Ae. C. F. 30)
Gresswell, C. H. (26)

Grey, W. H. de (107)
Halse, E. (131)
Hamel, Gustav (64) (Ae. C. F. 358)
Harding, Howard (Ae. C. F. 213)
Harrison, Eric (131)
Hewlett, Mrs. (122)
Higginbotham, Gerald (96)
Hilliard, W. M. (102)
Hubert, Charles (57)
Hotchkiss, E. (87)
Houdini, Harry
Hucks, B. G. (91)
Hunter, A. (137)
Johnston, St. Croix, P. G. (41)
Johnstone, W. Barnley (103)
Kemp, R. C. (80)
Keith-Davies, E.
King
Knight, Archibald (60)
Lawrence, W. (113)
Longstaffe, J. L. (140)
Loraine, Robert (Ae. C. F. 126)
Low, A. R. (34)
Macdonald, L. F. (28)
Maron, Louis (62)
Martin, J. V. Mrs. (55)
Macfie, R. (49)
McArdle, W. E. (Ae. C. F.)
M'Clean, F. K. (21)
Mellersh, O. S. (155)
Melly, H. G. (Ae. C. F.)
Moorhouse, W. B. R. (147)
Morrison, O. C. (46)
Moore-Brabazon, J. (1)
Noel, Louis (116)
Ogilvie, A. (7)

Pashley, Cecil L. (106)
Pashley, E. C. (139)
Paterson, C. E. (38)
Paul, E. A. (Ae. C. F.)
Percival, N. S. (111)
Petre, H. A. (128)
Philpott, R. W. (81)
Pixton, H. (50)
Prentice, W. R. (67)
Radley, J. (12)
Rawlinson, A. (3)
Raynham, F. P. (85)
Roe, A. V. (18)
Salmet, H. (99)
Sassoon, E. V. (52)
Santoni, L.
Singer, A. M. (8) (Ae. C. F. 24)
Slack, R. B. (157)
Smith, S. E. (33)
Smith, W. W. (Ae. C. F.)
Spencer, H. (124)
Somers-Somerset (Ae. C. F. 151)
Sopwith, T. (31)
Stanley-Adams, H. (97)
Stark (Ae. C. F. 110)
Stocks, Mrs. C. de B. (153)
Thomas, J. H. (51)
Travers, J. L. (86)
Turner, C. C. (70)
Turner, L. W. F. (66)
Valentine, J. (47)
Watt, W. O. (112)
Weir, J. D. (24)
Weston, John (Ae. C. F.)
Wickham, R. F. (20)
Woodward, G. A. T. (Ae. C. F.)

To end of 1912.

Barnwell, R. H. (278)
Beech, A. C. (Ae. C. F.)
Bendall, W. (180)
Bettington, A. V. (326)
Birch, E. (322)
Brock, W. L. (285)
Cheeseman, W. E. (293)
Featherstone, W. (384)
Fowler, F. H. (221)
Gates, R. T. (225)
Garne, T. (173)
Geere, A. E. (310)
Gill, R. W. R. (258)
Hall, H. W. (332)
Hall, J. L. (291)
Hardman, W. L. (323)

Harrison, W. J. (275)
Hawker, H. G. (297)
Hedley, W. S. (274)
Hewitt, V. (302)
Higginbotham, V. C. (317)
Holyoake, R. G. (268)
James, J. H. (315)
James, H. H. (344)
Kershaw, R. H. (248)
Lister, R. A. (250)
Nesham, H. P. (219)
Nevill, M. R. (223)
Manton, M. D. (231)
Meredith, C. W. (193)
Merriam, F. W. (179)

Parr, S. (184)
Payze, Arthur (337)
Potet, A. (224)
Prensiel, G. (198)
Simms, R. H. (261)
Stodart, Dr. D. E. (321)
Summerfield, S. (292)
Sutton, E. F. (295)
Sweetman-Powell, H. (251)
Taylor, V. P. (376)
Tremlett, L. A. (208)
Wood, V. G. (171)
Wynne, A. M. (314)
Wright, H. S. (331)
Yates, V. (306)

1913 (Brevets from 400 onward).

Andreas, F. G. (477)
Barron, J. C. (480)
Hodgson, W. P. (433)
Kehrmann, J. C. (420)
King, R. A. (482)
Lane, H. T. G. (418)
Lawford, E. H. (442)

Macandrew, H. E. W. (401)
Macneill, W. (Ae. C. F.)
McNamara, J. C. (445)
Minchin, F. R. (419)
Muller, P. M. (432)
Temple, G. L. (424)

Thompson, A. B. A. (452)
Tower, H. C. (466)
Rainey, T. H. (474)
Russell, A. L. (406)
Stewart, H. (473)
Strain, L. H. (476)

The following British aviators have been killed:

The following British aviators have lost their lives:

1910.

Rolls, Hon. C. (2)

1911.

Benson, R.
Cammell, Lieut. (45)
Grace, Cecil (4)
Napier (104)
Oxley, H. (78)
Ridge, T. (119)
Smith, V.[B]

1912.

Allen, D. L. (183)
Astley, J. H. D. (48)
Bettington, Lt. C. A. (256)
Campbell, Lindsay (220)
Clark, Miss J.
Fenwick, R. C. (35)
Fisher, E. V. B. (77)
Gilmour, Graham (Ae. C. F.)
Hardwick, A.
Hamilton, Capt. P. (194)
Hotchkiss, Lieut.
Loraine, Capt. (154)
Petre, Edward (259)
Parke, Lieut. W. (73)
Wilson, St. Serg. (232)
Wyness-Stuart, Lt. A.

1913.

Arthur, Lt. Desmond (233)
Berne, Paym'st'r (R.N.)
England, G. (301)
Macdonald, L. F.
Rogers-Harrison, Lieut. L. C. (205)

[B] Killed in Russia.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Killed in Russia.

[Pg 37]

BRITISH AEROPLANES

A

AIRCRAFT FACTORY.

Royal Aircraft Factory, Farnborough, near Aldershot. For a long time this establishment had been engaged in dirigible construction and repairs. In 1911 it was decided to expand it in connection with the Royal Flying Corps. Its precise functions are somewhat uncertain. Its nominal main purpose is the repair, etc., of Service Aircraft. During 1912, however, it turned out several machines to a design of its own, known as the "B.E." This design was at one time regarded as confidential; but subsequently duplicates were built by private contractors, and the design illustrated below, published by the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.

Royal Aircraft Factory, Farnborough, near Aldershot. For a long time, this facility had been focused on building and repairing airships. In 1911, it was decided to expand it in connection with the Royal Flying Corps. Its exact roles are somewhat unclear. Its official main purpose is the repair and maintenance of service aircraft. However, in 1912, it produced several planes based on its own design, known as the "B.E.". This design was initially considered confidential, but later replicas were made by private contractors, and the design shown below was published by the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.

B.E. type. R.A.F. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Length, 29½ feet (9 m.)

29½ feet (9 m) long

Span.—36¾ feet (11.20 m.)

Span.—36¾ ft (11.20 m.)

Area.—374 sq. feet (34¾ m².)

Area.—374 sq. ft. (34¾ m²)

Weight.—

Motor.—75 h.p. Renault and others.

Motor.—75 hp Renault and others.

Speed.—

Speed.

AERO'S Ltd.

St. James' Street, Norwich Union Buildings, Piccadilly, London, S.W. Established 1912 for the sale of all parts and accessories; also for the sale of second hand aeroplanes and motors of all makes. Does not construct at present.

St. James' Street, Norwich Union Buildings, Piccadilly, London, S.W. Established 1912 for selling all parts and accessories; also for selling second-hand airplanes and motors of all kinds. Currently, does not manufacture.

AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.

47, Victoria Street, London, S.W. Works: Hendon, London, N.W. This company established in 1912, holds all the British rights for the H. & M. Farman types. It constructs in England all Farman types at its own works. (See Farman, French).

47, Victoria Street, London, S.W. Works: Hendon, London, N.W. This company, established in 1912, holds all the British rights for the H. & M. Farman types. It manufactures all Farman types in England at its own facilities. (See Farman, French).

[Pg 38]

AVRO. Aeroplanes.

A. V. Roe & Co., Clifton Street, Miles Platting, Manchester; also Shoreham, Sussex. A. V. Roe designed his first machine, a biplane, in 1906. It was the first British machine to leave the ground. He then experimented with triplanes in Lea Marshes, where he managed to fly with only 9 h.p. in 1908-9. In August, 1910, built Roe III, and in September, Roe IV, also triplanes (see 1911 edition for full details). In 1911 he abandoned triplanes for the Avro biplane. School: Shoreham.

A. V. Roe & Co., Clifton Street, Miles Platting, Manchester; also Shoreham, Sussex. A. V. Roe created his first machine, a biplane, in 1906. It was the first British aircraft to take flight. He then experimented with triplanes in Lea Marshes, where he was able to fly using only 9 h.p. in 1908-9. In August 1910, he built Roe III, and in September, Roe IV, both triplanes (see 1911 edition for full details). In 1911, he switched from triplanes to the Avro biplane. School: Shoreham.

Photo, Alan H. Burgoyne, Esq., M.P.

Type D (1911).

Model.		D 1911-12. 2-seater biplane.	E 1912. 2-seater biplane.	F 1912. Totally enclosed mono.	G 1912-13. Totally enclosed biplane.	E 1912-13. Hydro-biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.45)	29 (8.84)	23 (7)	29 (8.84)	33 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	31 (9.45)	36 (11)	28 (8.50)	36 (11)	47½ (14.50)
Area	sq. ft. (m².)	279 (26)	335 (32)	158 (14½)	335 (32)	478 (34½)
Weight	empty lbs. (kgs.)	800 (363)	900 (482)	550 (249)	1191 (540)	1740 (789)
	fully loaded, lbs. (kgs.)	...	1300 (589)	800 (363)	1700 (771)	2700 (1224)
Motor	h.p.	35, any make	50 Gnome	40 Viale	60 Green	100 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	48 (78)	61 (97)	65 (105)	61.8 (100)	55 (90)
Number built during 1912		several	6	1	1	1

Remarks.—Of the above, 4 of the 50 Gnome E type were purchased by the British Royal Flying Corps, and one by the Portuguese Government; the other went to Windermere on January, 1913, for hydro experiments. Climbing speed of this type is 440 feet per min. (134 m.) Dual control fitted. D type are no longer being built. Climbing speed of F type, 300 feet per min. (91.5 m.) Gliding angle, 1 in 6. G has a gliding angle 1 in 6.5. On October 24th, 1912, made British record to date, 7'31½" (=450 miles). The hydro. was delivered to the British R.F.C. naval wing early in 1913.

Remarks.—Out of the above, 4 of the 50 Gnome E types were bought by the British Royal Flying Corps, and one by the Portuguese Government; the other was sent to Windermere in January 1913 for hydro experiments. The climbing speed of this type is 440 feet per minute (134 m). Dual controls are installed. D types are no longer in production. The climbing speed of the F type is 300 feet per minute (91.5 m). The gliding angle is 1 in 6. The G type has a gliding angle of 1 in 6.5. On October 24, 1912, it set a British record to date of 7 minutes and 31½ seconds (equivalent to 450 miles). The hydro was delivered to the British R.F.C. naval wing early in 1913.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Avro. Type D (1911-12).

[Pg 39]

E type Standard 50 h.p. Avro Biplane.

No suitable photo available.

The machine is on usual lines. The first had a single float, but now two floats are used.

E type 100 h.p. Avro Hydro-biplane.

F type Enclosed Avro Mono.

G type Enclosed Avro Biplane.

[Pg 40]

B

BLACKBURN Aeroplanes.

Blackburn Aeroplane Co., Balm Road, Leeds. Blackburn produced his first machine early in 1910 (see 1911 edition for details). In the latter part of that year he designed the machine which ultimately developed into the Blackburn military. In 1911 other types were produced, all being fitted with the patent Blackburn triple control. School at Filey Hucks has been the principal Blackburn flyer. The type has also been very successfully flown by naval officers. Capacity of works: about 24 a year.

Blackburn Aeroplane Co., Balm Road, Leeds. Blackburn built his first aircraft early in 1910 (see 1911 edition for details). Later that year, he designed the aircraft that eventually became the Blackburn military version. In 1911, various other models were created, all equipped with the patented Blackburn triple control system. School at Filey Hucks has been the main Blackburn pilot. This model has also been flown very successfully by naval officers. Production capacity: about 24 per year.

		1912-13. Military. 2-seater.	1912-13. Military. 1-seater.	1913. Hydro-biplane. 2-seater.
Length		32 feet (9.75 m.)	25 feet (7.60 m.)	33 feet (10 km.)
Span		40 feet (12.20 m.)	32 feet (9.75 m.)	44 & 36 ft. (13.40 & 11 km.)
Area		276 sq. ft. (26 m².)	195 sq. ft. (18 m².)	410 sq. ft. (38 m².)
Weight	(total)	...	750 lbs. (340 kgs.)	1250 lbs. (507 kgs.)
Motor	h.p.	...	50 Gnome.	80 Gnome or 100 Anzani
Speed		55-65 m. (90-105 km.)	60 m. (97 km.)	65 m. (105 km.)

Notes.—Petrol for 5 hours (higher endurances can be fitted). Specially designed for military work—all steel construction. All parts unwelded to admit of rapid displacement. Clear observation provided for.

Notes.—Gasoline for 5 hours (longer durations can be accommodated). Specifically built for military use—all steel construction. All parts are unwelded for quick removal. Allows for clear visibility.

Fuselage.—The fuselage is V shaped and constructed of weldless steel tubing in the form of a lattice girder. The main longitudinals are of round section; cross members, oval section. Connections are not welded but made with strong steel clips so that should any member become damaged a new one can be readily arranged. The front portion is covered with sheet metal giving additional strength and reducing the head resistance. Stream line form tapering towards the rear which is covered with fabric.

Fuselage.—The fuselage has a V shape and is made from steel tubing without welds, built as a lattice girder. The main longitudinal sections are round, while the cross members are oval. Connections are not welded; instead, they use strong steel clips, allowing for easy replacement of any damaged part. The front section is covered with sheet metal for extra strength and to lower drag. It has a streamlined shape that tapers towards the back, which is covered with fabric.

Chassis.—Two long skids connected up to fuselage by metal struts. Each skid borne by a pair of wheels, axle held down by elastic shock absorbers. On the axle of the wheels are fitted steel springs which take side thrust. Each pair of wheels held by radius rods forming a bogie.

Chassis.—Two long skids attached to the fuselage by metal struts. Each skid is supported by a pair of wheels, with the axle secured by elastic shock absorbers. Steel springs are fitted on the axle of the wheels to handle lateral force. Each pair of wheels is held by radius rods that create a bogie.

Control.—Patent Blackburn triple, independent or simultaneous on hand wheel, but special foot control for rudder is fitted if desired.

Control.—Patent Blackburn triple, independent or simultaneous on hand wheel, but a special foot control for the rudder is available if needed.

In 1912, five machines were built, of which two were of the mil. model. Others, non-military models (see last edition.)

In 1912, five machines were built, including two military models. The others were non-military models (see last edition.)

Military monoplane.

[Pg 41]

BLACKBURN. Military Type. Two-seater. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 42]

BRISTOL.

The British & Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd., Filton House, Bristol. Founded 1910. Capital (1913), ? Have very extensive works (area. ? sq. feet) on the outskirts of Bristol, employing over 300 men, where they manufacture to their own designs practically every type of flying machine. Flying grounds: Salisbury Plain, Brooklands. 105 Royal Aero Club certificates won on Bristol machines during 1912 (of which 86 were officers of His Majesty's Forces).

The British & Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd., Filton House, Bristol. Established in 1910. Capital (1913), ? They have a large factory (area. ? sq. feet) on the outskirts of Bristol, employing over 300 people, where they produce nearly every type of aircraft based on their own designs. Flight locations: Salisbury Plain, Brooklands. 105 Royal Aero Club certificates were earned on Bristol planes in 1912 (of which 86 were officers of His Majesty's Forces).

		Military mono. 2-seater 80hp 1912-13.	Military mono. 2-seater. 50h.p. 1912-12.	Tractor biplane 1913.	School mono. Side by side.
Length	feet (m.)	28¼ (8.60)	23-2/3 (7.20)	27¾ (8.47)
Span	feet (m.)	42-1/3 (12.90)	39-1/3 (12)	34-1/3 (10.44)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	221 (20.6)	226 (22)	370 (34.4)
Total	machine, lbs. (kgs.)	1719 (771)	1323 (600)	1764 (800)
weight	useful lbs. (kgs.)	710 (322)	551 (250)	1200 (544)
Motor	h.p.	80 Gnome	50 Gnome	70 Renault	50 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	73 (118)	62 (100)	70 (112)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	4	3-4	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...

Notes.—Monoplane: Box section fuselage convex on bottom side to minimise resistance. Mounted on 2 wheels and 2 skids with smaller wheels attached at the forward end. Bristol tractor. Biplane: Box section fuselage, convex on top and bottom sides. Mounted as monoplane. Bristol tractor. This machine is the latest production of the Bristol Co., and has proved an exceptionally successful flyer. Designed by M. Coanda.

Notes.—Monoplane: Box-shaped fuselage curved on the bottom to reduce drag. Supported by 2 wheels and 2 skids, with smaller wheels at the front. Bristol tractor. Biplane: Box-shaped fuselage, curved on the top and bottom. Mounted like the monoplane. Bristol tractor. This aircraft is the latest model from the Bristol Co. and has shown to be an exceptionally successful flyer. Designed by M. Coanda.

[Pg 43]

80 hp monoplane.

70 h.p. biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

70 hp biplane. Uniform Airplane Scale

[Pg 44]

BLERIOT Aeronautics.

Belfast Chambers, 156, Regent Street, London, W. School: Hendon. British office of the Bleriot firm (see France).

BRITISH BREGUET CO.,

1, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London, W. Works and offices: 5, Hythe Road, Cumberland Park, Willesden, London, N.W. Established 1912. Constructs in England Breguet models, some of which are beginning to vary in detail from the originals (see France).

1, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London, W. Works and offices: 5, Hythe Road, Cumberland Park, Willesden, London, N.W. Established 1912. Builds in England Breguet models, some of which are starting to differ in detail from the originals (see France).

BRITISH CAUDRON.

(See Ewen.)

BRITISH DEPERDUSSINS.

British Deperdussin Aeroplane Co., Ltd., 39, Victoria Street, Westminster, London, S.W. School: Hendon.

British Deperdussin Aeroplane Co., Ltd., 39 Victoria Street, Westminster, London, S.W. School: Hendon.

Chairman: Admiral The Hon. Sir E. R. Freemantle, G.C.B., C.M.G.

Chairman: Admiral The Honorable Sir E. R. Freemantle, G.C.B., C.M.G.

Managing Directors: Lieut. J. C. Porte, R.N., D. Laurence Santoni.

Managing Directors: Lieutenant J. C. Porte, Royal Navy, D. Laurence Santoni.

Secretary: N. D. Thompson.

Secretary: N.D. Thompson.

This firm handles the French models of Deperdussins, but has in addition a special hydro-aeroplane of its own, of which one was built in 1912. Details of this special machine are:—Length, 27 feet 10 inches (8.50 m.) Span, 42 feet (12.80 m.) Area, 290 sq. feet (27 m².) Weight, total, 1,800 lbs. (816 kg.); useful, 1,250 lbs. (566 kg.) Motor, 100 h.p. Anzani. Speed, 67 m.p.h. (110 k.m.) Other models sold by the firm are of French type exactly (see France).

This company produces the French models of Deperdussins, but also has its own unique hydro-aeroplane, which was built in 1912. The specifications for this special aircraft are: Length: 27 feet 10 inches (8.50 m), Span: 42 feet (12.80 m), Area: 290 sq. feet (27 m²), Weight: total, 1,800 lbs. (816 kg); useful, 1,250 lbs. (566 kg), Motor: 100 h.p. Anzani, Speed: 67 m.p.h. (110 k.m.) Other models sold by the company are exactly of French type (see France).

BRITISH DONNET-LEVEQUE.

Handled by Aeros, Ltd., 39, St. James' Street, Piccadilly, London, S.W. Company forming March, 1913 (see France). Works and school at Shoreham.

Handled by Aeros, Ltd., 39, St. James' Street, Piccadilly, London, S.W. Company established March, 1913 (see France). Works and school located at Shoreham.

BRITISH FARMANS.

(See Aircraft Co.)

BRITISH HANRIOTS.

Hewlett & Blondeau, Omnia Works, Vardens Road, Clapham Junction, London, S.W. Construct all types of Hanriot machines (see France), also build to private specifications, and deal in accessories generally.

Hewlett & Blondeau, Omnia Works, Vardens Road, Clapham Junction, London, S.W. We construct all kinds of Hanriot machines (see France), also build to custom specifications, and sell accessories in general.

BRITISH NIEUPORTS.

Company forming 1913. Representative: M. Bonnier, 2, Goulders Green Crescent, London, N.W.

Company formed in 1913. Representative: M. Bonnier, 2, Goulders Green Crescent, London, N.W.

[Pg 45]

C

CODY.

Cody flying school, Farnborough. Cody commenced experiments with kites in very early days on behalf of the British Admiralty. Subsequently built the first British Army dirigible, and an experimental Army aeroplane. In 1909, his direct connection with the Army ceased. A Cody I was built in 1908. A Cody II was completed June 1910. The special features of both were: very strong construction, great size (II had area of 857 sq. feet), ailerons. Later types, except that warping is substituted for ailerons, do not differ very materially except in minor details. All wood construction.

Cody Flying School, Farnborough. Cody started experimenting with kites in the early days for the British Admiralty. He then built the first British Army dirigible and an experimental Army airplane. In 1909, his direct involvement with the Army ended. A Cody I was built in 1908. A Cody II was completed in June 1910. The special features of both included very strong construction, large size (II had an area of 857 sq. feet), and ailerons. Later models, except that warping replaces ailerons, don't differ much except for minor details. All wood construction.

		1911. 4-seater biplane.	1913. 4-seater biplane.	Model. May, 1912. Monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	38 (11.60)	38 (11.60)	38 (11.60)
Span	feet (m.)	43 (13)	43 (13)	43½ (13.25)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	484 (44¾)	483 (44¾)	260 (19)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1900 (862)	1900 (862)	2400 (1088)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	1000 (453)	1000 (453)	700
Motor		60 Green, later a 100 Green	120 Aust. Daimler	120 Aust. Daimler
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	70 (115)	75 (120)	83 (135)
	min m.p.h. (km.)	47 (75)	47 (75)	58 (95)
Number built to end of last year		1	1	1

Remarks.—The 1911 is the famous Cody, which, as a 60 h.p., won both Michelin 1911 prizes, and completed the Daily Mail circuit. As a 100 h.p. it won the 1912 Michelin cross-country. By the end of 1912 it is said to have flown a total of 7000 miles. The 1913 is practically a duplicate with a more powerful engine. Special features of the biplanes, maximum camber to lower plane. Both planes equal span. Very strong landing gear. Propeller chain driven: 1¾ to 1 gearing. In February, 1913, four biplanes were ordered for the British Army.

Remarks.—The 1911 is the well-known Cody, which, as a 60 h.p. aircraft, won both Michelin 1911 prizes and completed the Daily Mail circuit. Upgraded to a 100 h.p. version, it won the 1912 Michelin cross-country event. By the end of 1912, it reportedly flew a total of 7,000 miles. The 1913 model is almost identical but has a more powerful engine. Special features of the biplanes include maximum camber on the lower wing. Both planes have equal wingspans, very sturdy landing gear, and a chain-driven propeller with a 1¾ to 1 gear ratio. In February 1913, four biplanes were ordered for the British Army.

Cody lists a mono. for 1913 a trifle longer than the above; also five variations on the biplane of from 35 to 160 h.p., which can be built if required.

Cody lists a mono. from 1913 that’s slightly longer than the one mentioned above; he also has five variations of the biplane with power ranging from 35 to 160 h.p. that can be constructed if needed.

Biplane.

[Pg 46]

COVENTRY ORDNANCE.

The Coventry Ordnance Works, Ltd., Coventry. London office: 28, Broadway, Westminster, S.W. Established 1912. Capacity: 50 machines a year without difficulty.

The Coventry Ordnance Works, Ltd., Coventry. London office: 28, Broadway, Westminster, S.W. Established 1912. Capacity: 50 machines a year with ease.

		1912. Model 10.
Length	feet (m.)	29 (8.80)
Span	feet (m.)	56 (17)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	630 (58)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1900 (861)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	800 (362)
Motor	h.p.	100 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	60 (97)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	...
Number Built during 1912		2

Remarks.—Experimental machines.

Comments.—Experimental devices.

[Pg 47]

D

DUNNE.

The Blair Atholl Aeroplane Syndicate, Ltd., 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. School: Eastchurch. In 1906 Lieut. Dunne was employed by the British Army authorities for secret aeroplane experiments. He had at that time patented a monoplane of < type. In 1907 Dunne I was tried on the Duke of Atholl's estate in Scotland, but failed to fly, being smashed on the starting apparatus. Dunne III, a glider, 1908, was experimented with successfully by Lieut. Gibbs. In the same year Dunne IV, a larger power driven edition made hops of 50 yards or so. Early in 1910 the War Office abandoned the experiments. Dunne II, a triplane of 1906 design, was, by consent of the War Office, assigned to Prof. Huntingdon, who made one or two short flights with it at Eastchurch in 1910. At the same time the above syndicate was formed, and Dunne V, built by Short Bros., was completed in June, 1910. In 1912-13 the Huntingdon, modified, was flying well.

The Blair Atholl Aeroplane Syndicate, Ltd., 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. School: Eastchurch. In 1906, Lieutenant Dunne was hired by the British Army for secret airplane experiments. At that time, he had patented a monoplane of that type. In 1907, *Dunne I* was tested on the Duke of Atholl's estate in Scotland, but it failed to fly and was damaged on the starting apparatus. *Dunne III*, a glider from 1908, was successfully experimented with by Lieutenant Gibbs. In the same year, *Dunne IV*, a larger powered version, made short hops of about 50 yards. Early in 1910, the War Office stopped the experiments. *Dunne II*, a triplane from the 1906 design, was, with the War Office's consent, given to Professor Huntingdon, who made one or two short flights with it at Eastchurch in 1910. Around the same time, the syndicate was formed, and *Dunne V*, built by Short Bros., was completed in June 1910. By 1912-13, the modified Huntingdon was flying well.

Model and Date.		50 Gnome. 1912-13 single-seat mono. D 7.	1912-13 2-seater mono. D 7 bis.	1912-13 biplane. D 8.	1912-13 biplane. D 9.
Length	feet (m.)	not given	...	...	...
Span	feet (m.)	35 (10.66)	35 (10.66)	46 (14)	45 (13.70)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	200 (18.5)	200 (18.5)	552 (51)	448 (42)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1050 (476)	1200 (544)	1700 (771)	1693 (768)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	359 (161)	528 (239)	414 (187)	509 (231)
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	60 Green	80 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	60 (95)	60 (95)	45 (70)	50 (80)
Number built during 1912		1	1	1	5 b'lding ('13)

Notes.—Biplane D 3 is identical with the original pattern Dunne V, except that it has only one propeller instead of two. It has been flown completely uncontrolled in a 20 m.p.h. wind, carrying a R. Ae. C. observer as passenger.

Notes.—Biplane D 3 is the same as the original model Dunne V, except it has just one propeller instead of two. It has flown entirely uncontrolled in a 20 mph wind, carrying a R. Ae. C. observer as a passenger.

Original Dunne biplane D5.

[Pg 48]

E

EWEN.

The W. H. Ewen Aviation Co., London Aerodrome: Hendon. Also works at Lanark, Scotland (opened February, 1913). Hold the British rights for and construct at their works Caudron aeroplanes (see France).

The W. H. Ewen Aviation Co., London Aerodrome: Hendon. They also operate in Lanark, Scotland (opened February 1913). They hold the British rights for and manufacture Caudron airplanes at their facility (see France).

F

FERGUSON.

J. B. Ferguson, Ltd., Belfast.

J.B. Ferguson Ltd, Belfast.

This machine first appeared in 1910. Owing to an accident to Mr. Ferguson it was laid up for a long time. About the end of 1912 it re-appeared. Principal details:—

This machine first showed up in 1910. Due to an accident involving Mr. Ferguson, it was out of commission for quite some time. Around the end of 1912, it made a comeback. Key details:—

Span.—40 feet (12.20 m.) Area.—230 sq. feet (21 m².) H.P. 40.

[Pg 49]

G

GRAHAME-WHITE.

The Grahame-White Aviation Co., Ltd., 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Works and Flying Ground: Hendon. Founded by C. Grahame-White, the well-known aviator, who in 1909 commenced operations with a school at Pau. Later this was removed to England, and a general agency for the sale of aeroplanes, etc., established. This developed, and early in 1911 the firm was handling a special British agency for the U.S. Burgess type known as "The Baby." The Hendon Aerodrome was acquired, and a factory established, which has grown continually ever since. In April, 1912, a monoplane to special design was completed. By the close of the same year biplanes of advanced design were constructed. Capacity of the works, March, 1913, was equal to 150 machines a year if necessary.

The Grahame-White Aviation Co., Ltd., 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Works and Flying Ground: Hendon. Founded by C. Grahame-White, a well-known aviator, who started operations in 1909 with a school in Pau. Later, this was moved to England, and a general agency for selling airplanes, etc., was established. This grew, and by early 1911, the firm was managing a special British agency for the U.S. Burgess type called "The Baby." The Hendon Aerodrome was acquired, and a factory was established, which has been continually growing since then. In April 1912, a specially designed monoplane was completed. By the end of the same year, biplanes with advanced designs were built. The factory's capacity by March 1913 was enough to handle 150 machines a year if needed.

		1913. Military biplane. Type VI. 2-seater.	1913. "Popular" biplane. Type VII. 1-seater.	1913. "Popular" biplane. Type VII. 2-seater.	1913. Tractor hydro-biplane. Type VIII. 2-seater.	1913. Monoplane. Type IX. single-seat.
Length	feet (m.)	33¼ (10.10)	20-5/6 (6.40)	26-5/6 (8.22)	25 (7.60)	21 (6.40)
Span	feet (m.)	42 (12.80)	29-1/6 (8.85)	38 (11.60)	42½ (13)	32 (9.75)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	435 (40½)	230 (21)	475 (44)	380 (35)	208 (19)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	2200 (997)	...	...	850 (385)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	750 (340)			450 (204)	...
Motor		120 Aust. Daimler	50 Gnome	50 Gnome	80 Gnome	50 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h (k.p.h.)	70 (110)	60 (95)	50 (80)	65 (105)	65 (105)
	min. m.p.h (k.p.h.)	55 (90)	50 (80)	40 (65)	50 (80)	...
Endurance	hrs.	6	4	4	4	4
Number built during 1912		1	...	...	1	...
		Also built with a 90 Aust. Daimler. Designed to carry a gun on the bow. Very good view. Very strong landing carriage.	Also built with a 35		Also built with a 60	Also built with a 35 Anzani. Two main floats with 12½ ft. track. Floats are 15 ft. long, 2 ft. wide, 1 ft. 3 in. deep.

Military Type VI. Uniform Aeroplane Scale; "Popular" biplane. Type VII. Uniform Aeroplane Scale; Hydro-biplane. Type VIII. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 50]

H

HOWARD-FLANDERS.

L. Howard-Flanders, Ltd., 31, Townsend Terrace, Richmond, Surrey. School: Brooklands. Established February, 1912, by Howard-Flanders, whose connection with aviation dates from the pioneer days. Richmond Works opened April, 1912. Capacity of the works at end of 1912 was sufficient to turn out from 25 to 35 machines a year.

L. Howard-Flanders, Ltd., 31 Townsend Terrace, Richmond, Surrey. School: Brooklands. Founded in February 1912 by Howard-Flanders, who has been involved in aviation since its early days. The Richmond Works opened in April 1912. By the end of 1912, the works had the capacity to produce 25 to 35 machines a year.

		F 4 1912. 2-seater military monoplane.	B 2 1912. 2-seater biplane.	S 2 1913. single-seat monoplane.	F 5 1913. 2-seater monoplane.	B 3 1913. 2-seater monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	31½ (9.50)	31½ (9.50)	28 (8.50)	31 (9.45)	31 (9.45)
Span	feet (m.)	40 (12)	40 (12)	35 (10.70)	39 (11.90)	40 (12)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	240 (22)	390 (36)	190 (17¾)	250 (23)	390 (36)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1850 (839)	1500 (680)	1180 (535)	1600 (726)	1650 (748)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	500 (227)	450 (204)	350 (159)	600 (272)	600 (272)
Motor	h.p.	70 Renault	40 A.B.C.	80 Gnome	80 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	67 (108)	56 (90)	82 (132)	70 (115)	68 (110)
	min m.p.h. (km.)	41 (66)	38 (61)	45 (73)	42 (68)	40 (65)
Number built during 1912		4	1

Remarks.—F 4 climbing speed 1000 feet (305 m.) in 3½ minutes, 1500 in 5½ mins., 2000 in 8 mins. B 2 climbing speed 200 feet (61 m.) per minute. The four F 4 type were bought by the British Army during 1912.

Remarks.—F 4 climbing speed 1000 feet (305 m.) in 3½ minutes, 1500 in 5½ mins., 2000 in 8 mins. B 2 climbing speed 200 feet (61 m.) per minute. The four F 4 type were purchased by the British Army in 1912.

Monoplane.

Biplane.

[Pg 51]

[Pg 52]

HANDLEY-PAGE Monoplanes.

Handley Page, 72, Victoria Street, S.W. Works: 110, Cricklewood Lane, N.W. Flying ground: Hendon. Established at the end of 1908. In June, 1909, it was turned into a Limited Liability Co. Since then it has been busily employed in producing its own machines, also others to inventor's specifications. About the end of 1911 the firm bought up and sold all the machines of the Aeronautical Syndicate—Valkyrie and Viking types. It is doubtful whether any of these V type still exist—in any case it does not matter. Four were presented to the R. Flying Corps. Of these one was smashed up, the others, one army and two navy, were used to teach mechanics to take down and re-assemble engines, etc. Handley-Page also bought up the Radley-Moorhouse machines (Bleriot copies), and disposed of them.

Handley Page, 72, Victoria Street, S.W. Works: 110, Cricklewood Lane, N.W. Flying ground: Hendon. Established at the end of 1908. In June 1909, it was turned into a Limited Liability Company. Since then, it has been busy producing its own aircraft, as well as others to the specifications of inventors. Around the end of 1911, the company purchased and sold all the aircraft from the Aeronautical Syndicate—Valkyrie and Viking types. It’s uncertain whether any of these V types still exist—either way, it doesn’t really matter. Four were given to the Royal Flying Corps. Of these, one was destroyed, while the others—a military one and two naval ones—were used to train mechanics on how to take down and reassemble engines, etc. Handley Page also acquired the Radley-Moorhouse machines (Bleriot copies) and sold them off.

The 1912-13 Handley-Page type is as follows—a development along regular lines of the original H.P. machine:—

The 1912-13 Handley-Page type is as follows—a development following the same principles as the original H.P. machine:—

Handley-Page V.

Length, 27½ feet (8.40 m.) span, 42½ feet (12.95 m.) area, 240 sq. feet. (22¼ m².)

Length, 27.5 feet (8.4 m) span, 42.5 feet (12.95 m) area, 240 sq. feet (22.25 m²).

Weight.—Total, 1300 lbs. (590 kgs.) Empty, 800 lbs. (363 kgs.)

Weight.—Total, 1,300 lbs. (590 kgs.) Empty, 800 lbs. (363 kgs.)

Motor.—50 h.p. Gnome. Speed. 55 m.p.h. (90 km.)

Motor.—50 hp Gnome. Speed. 55 mph (90 km)

Remarks.—The fixed tail area is 32 sq. feet. Body is entirely enclosed, stream line form. The passenger sits behind the pilot. Mounted on wheels and one long skid forward. Full description and details, Flight, 26th October, 1912.

Remarks.—The fixed tail area is 32 sq. feet. The body is fully enclosed and streamlined. The passenger sits behind the pilot. It’s mounted on wheels with one long skid at the front. Full description and details, Flight, 26th October, 1912.

Principal pilots have been the late E. Petre (who made in it the only flight through London), the late Lieut. Parke, R.N., S. Pickles, and L. R. Whitehouse. The machine has been flown with two passengers, in addition to the pilot.

Principal pilots have included the late E. Petre (who made the only flight over London), the late Lieut. Parke, R.N., S. Pickles, and L. R. Whitehouse. The aircraft has been flown with two passengers alongside the pilot.

Military work.—During 1912 five biplanes of the B.E. type were ordered by the British War Office. Several monoplanes were ordered by foreign governments.

Military work.—In 1912, the British War Office ordered five biplanes of the B.E. type. Several monoplanes were ordered by foreign governments.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 53]

L

LAKE FLYING Co.

Windermere. Established 1911, by E. W. Wakefield, with a view to hydro-aeroplane experiments. The first machine was a Curtiss type built by A. V. Roe, which flew in November, 1911. In 1912, a special biplane generally of Farman type but with more camber to the planes, was built.

Windermere. Founded in 1911 by E. W. Wakefield, aimed at hydro-aeroplane experiments. The first aircraft was a Curtiss type constructed by A. V. Roe, which took flight in November 1911. In 1912, a special biplane, generally of Farman type but with greater camber on the wings, was built.

Length.—36½ feet (11 m.) Span.—42 feet (12.80 m.) Area.—270 sq. feet (25 m.²) Motor.—Gnome.

Speed.—45.33 m.p.h. (72.54 k.p.h.)

Speed.—45.33 mph (72.54 km/h)

The single float is 6 feet wide, flexibly connected. Balancers mounted on a spring board. Water rudders for steering at slow speed. Fuller details see Flight, December 7th, 1912. Early in 1913, an Avro was purchased for further experiments.

The single float is 6 feet wide and connected flexibly. Balancers are mounted on a springboard. There are water rudders for steering at slow speeds. For more details, see Flight, December 7th, 1912. Early in 1913, an Avro was purchased for further experiments.

M

MARTINSYDE.

Messrs. Martin & Handasyde, Brooklands, Weybridge, Surrey. Output capacity: about 20 per annum.

Messrs. Martin & Handasyde, Brooklands, Weybridge, Surrey. Output capacity: around 20 per year.

Model and date.		1912. Mono. 2-seater.	1913. Mono. 2-seater.
Length	feet. (m.)	35½ (10.75)	35 (10.65)
Span	feet. (m.)	42½ (12.95)	42¾ (13)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	290 (27)	285 (26½)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	1212 (550)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	551 (250)
Motor	h.p.	65 Antoinette	80 Laviator
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	63 (102)	78 (125)
	min m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...

Notes.—Wood construction. Landing: wheels and one skid. Controls: warping wings and rear elevator. Triangular body. The two models are very nearly identical.

Notes.—Wooden construction. Landing: wheels and one skid. Controls: wing warping and rear elevator. Triangular body. The two models are almost identical.

MARTIN-HANDASYDE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Standard Aircraft Scale

[Pg 54]

P

PIGGOTT.

Piggott Bros. & Co., Ltd., 220, 222 & 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. This well-known firm of shed makers built a novel biplane in May, 1910 (details Flight, May 21st, 1910), and in 1911 a monoplane with enclosed body (Flight, April 1st, 1911). In 1912, both were disposed of, and the firm is not proceeding with its experiments. It has, however, a staff of skilled mechanics and a great deal of floor space for the construction of aeroplanes to specifications.

Piggott Bros. & Co., Ltd., 220, 222 & 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. This well-known company of shed makers created a unique biplane in May 1910 (details in Flight, May 21st, 1910), and in 1911, they built a monoplane with an enclosed body (Flight, April 1st, 1911). By 1912, both planes were sold, and the company is no longer continuing its experiments. However, they still have a team of skilled mechanics and plenty of space for building airplanes to specifications.

PLANES.

Planes, Ltd., 6, Lord Street, Liverpool. Works: Duke Street & Cleveland Street, Birkenhead. Not building at present. In October, 1910, the firm produced a biplane, designed by W. P. Thompson, fitted with a special pendulum stabilising device. This was followed a year or so later by a monoplane.

Planes, Ltd., 6, Lord Street, Liverpool. Works: Duke Street & Cleveland Street, Birkenhead. Not currently building. In October 1910, the company created a biplane, designed by W. P. Thompson, equipped with a unique pendulum stabilizing device. This was followed about a year later by a monoplane.

R

RADLEY-ENGLAND.

This is not an aeroplane firm, but a special hydro built by two well-known aviators for the Daily Mail competition. Length, 22 feet. Span, 50 feet. 2 floats, 15 feet long by 1 foot 5 inches wide. Pilot in starboard float. Weight, with petrol for 12 hours, 1,380 lbs. Motor, 150 h.p., made up of 3—50 h.p. Gnomes, but two Greens to be fitted for competition. One 4-bladed propeller in rear. Speed, 60 m.p.h., with 100 h.p.

This isn't an airplane company, but a special hydroplane built by two famous aviators for the Daily Mail competition. Length: 22 feet. Wingspan: 50 feet. Two floats, each 15 feet long and 1 foot 5 inches wide. The pilot sits in the starboard float. Weight: with fuel for 12 hours, 1,380 lbs. Engine: 150 h.p., consisting of three 50 h.p. Gnome engines, but two Green engines will be installed for the competition. One four-bladed propeller at the rear. Speed: 60 m.p.h. with 100 h.p.

S

SANDERS.

This firm appears to have ceased to exist.[Pg 55]

This company seems to have gone out of business.[Pg 55]

SHORT BROS.

Works and flying grounds: Eastchurch, Isle of Sheppey, Kent. London office: Queen's Circus, Battersea Park. Took up construction at a very early date. Wright agents in 1909. Have built numerous biplanes and monoplanes to specifications. Produced their own first machine (see 1911 edition) in 1910.

Works and flying grounds: Eastchurch, Isle of Sheppey, Kent. London office: Queen's Circus, Battersea Park. Started construction quite early. Wright agents in 1909. Have built many biplanes and monoplanes to specifications. Produced their first machine (see 1911 edition) in 1910.

		S 41. 1913. Hydro Biplane.			S 45. 1913. Military Tractor Biplane.			S 38. 1913. Military Nacelle Biplane.		S 34. Standard School.		1911-12. 1-seater, mono.	1911-12. Tandem tractor biplane.
		80 h.p. 2-seater.	100 h.p. 2-seater.	160 h.p. 4-seater.	70 h.p. 2-seater.	80 h.p. 2-seater.	160 h.p. 4-seater.	50 h.p. 2-seater.	80 h.p. 3-seater.	50 h.p. 2-seater.	70 h.p. 2-seater.	1911-12. 1-seater, mono.	1911-12. Tandem tractor biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	35 (10.67)	39 (11.90)	45 (13.70)	35-1/2 (10.80)	35-1/2 (10.80)	40 (13.70)	35-1/2 (10.80)	35-1/2 (10.80)	42 (12.85)	42 (12.85)	25 (7.60)	35-1/2 (10.80)
Span	feet (m.)	40 (13.70)	50 (15.25)	50 (15.25)	42 (12.90)	45 (13.70)	50 (15.25)	52 (15.85)	52 (15.85)	46-1/2 (14.20)	46-1/2 (14.20)	29-1/2 (9)	42 (12.90)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	390 (36)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	186 (17)	...
Weight	Machine lbs. (kg.)	1200 (545)	1700 (764)	2000 (909)	1080 (490)	1100 (500)	1890 (860)	950 (432)	1050 (480)	1100 (500)	1150 (523)	...	850 (385)
	Useful lbs. (kg.)	771 (350)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	80 Gnome	100 Gnome	160 Gnome	70 Gnome	80 Gnome	160 Gnome	50 Gnome	80 Gnome	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	50 Gnome.	70 Gnome.
Speed	max (m.p.h.)	65 (105)	60 (97)	74 (120)	60 (97)	70 (113)	74 (120)	42 (68)	58 (94)	39 (63)	48 (78)	...	58 (94)
	min (m.p.h.)	50 (80)	50 (80)	56 (90)	50 (80)	50 (80)	56 (90)	35 (57)	39 (63)	34 (55)	38 (61)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	4	5	6	5	5	6	4	5	4	5	5	5
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Remarks.--Floats are two long pontoons. Subsidiary floats at tips of lower plane. Small tail float with water rudder. W.-t. compartments to floats. Tandem seated, pilot in front. The observer's seat can accommodate two if necessary.					Tandem seats, pilot in front. Fittings for maps, etc.			Specially designed for reconnaissance. Tandem seats, pilot in front. An extra passenger can be accommodated.		Solely designed for school work. Seats side by side.		No longer built, but still in existence.

Old 1911-12 Tractor biplane.

Old 1911-12 mono.

[Pg 56]

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Short. Hydro.

Brief. S. 45 type.

Brief. S. 38 military.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 57]

SOPWITH.

Sopwith Aviation Co. Works: Canbury Park Road, Kingston-on-Thames. School: at Brooklands. Established by T. O. M. Sopwith, the well known aviator at Brooklands, Autumn of 1911, where during 1912, a 70 h.p. tractor biplane and a 40 h.p. biplane was turned out.

Sopwith Aviation Co. Works: Canbury Park Road, Kingston-on-Thames. School: at Brooklands. Founded by T. O. M. Sopwith, the famous aviator at Brooklands, in the fall of 1911, where in 1912, a 70 h.p. tractor biplane and a 40 h.p. biplane were produced.

Floor area of the Kingston works in March, 1913, was 30,000 sq. feet with electric power plant. Works manager: F. Sigrist. General manager: R. O. Cary. Output capacity: at full pressure about 50 machines a year.

Floor area of the Kingston facility in March 1913 was 30,000 sq. feet, featuring an electric power plant. Works manager: F. Sigrist. General manager: R. O. Cary. Output capacity: at full pressure, around 50 machines a year.

Model and Date.		1913. Bat boat hydro biplane.	1913. Tractor biplane 3-seater.	1913. School biplane.	1913. Armoured warplane.
Length	feet (m.)	30-1/3 (9.20)	29 (8.85)	29 (8.85)	29' 7-1/2" (9)
Span	feet (m.)	41 (12.50)	40 (12.20)	40 (12.20)	50 (15.25)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	422 (39)	365 (34)	400 (37)	552 (51)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1700 (771)	1750 (794)	1200 (544)	2000 (907)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	500 (227)	750 (340)	400 (181)	800 (362)
Motor	h.p.	90 Austro-Daimler	80 Gnome	50 Gnome	90 Austro-Daimler
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	65 (105)	74 (125)	48 (78)	65 (105)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	42 (68)	40 (65)	35 (60)	38 (61)
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...

Notes.—Wood construction. Carriage wheels and skids. Control: balanced ailerons.

Notes.—Wooden construction. Carriage wheels and skids. Control: balanced ailerons.

Sopwith. Flying boat.

1913. Tractor biplane.

[Pg 58]

V

VICKERS.

Vickers, Ltd., Vickers House, Broadway, Westminster. School: Brooklands. Seven pupils qualified during 1912.

Vickers, Ltd., Vickers House, Broadway, Westminster. School: Brooklands. Seven students qualified in 1912.

Model and date.		Monoplane. 1912-13. 2-seater.	Military biplane. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	25 (7.60)	...
Span	feet (m.)	34-1/2 (10.50)	40 (12.20)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	220 (20)	385 (35)
Weight	{total, lbs. (kgs.)	730 (331)	...
	{useful, lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	80 Gnome	80 Wolseley
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	70 (115)	...
Endurance	hrs.	3	...
Number built during 1912		...	...

Notes.—Steel construction. Landing shock absorbing: 2 wheels and 1 skid. Rectangular enclosed body. Controls: warping and rear elevator.

Notes.—Steel construction. Landing shock absorption: 2 wheels and 1 skid. Rectangular enclosed body. Controls: warping and rear elevator.

Monoplane climbs 300 feet a minute fully loaded.

Monoplane climbs 300 feet per minute when fully loaded.

Biplane is armed with a Vickers R.C. automatic gun in the bow.

Biplane is equipped with a Vickers R.C. automatic gun at the front.

VICKERS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Vickers. Monoplane.

Vickers. Armed biplane.

[Pg 59]

W

WHITE.

J. Samuel White & Co., Ltd., shipbuilders and engineers, East Cowes, Isle of Wight. London office: 28, Victoria Street, S.W. This well-known firm of torpedo craft builders, etc., formally opened an aviation department on 1st January, 1913, with Howard T. Wright as general manager and designer.

J. Samuel White & Co., Ltd., shipbuilders and engineers, East Cowes, Isle of Wight. London office: 28, Victoria Street, S.W. This well-known company specializing in torpedo craft officially launched an aviation department on January 1, 1913, with Howard T. Wright as the general manager and designer.

		1913. Navy 'plane.
Length	feet (m.)	30 (9.15)
Span	feet (m.)	44 (13.40)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	500 (46-1/2)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	2000 (907)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	650 (295)
Motor	h.p.	160 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	70 (115)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	35 (57)
Number built		...

Remarks.—Hydro-biplane, with Howard T. Wright patent aeroplanes to give wide range of speed. Two patent hydro floats, 21 feet (m.) long, three steps on each.

Remarks.—Hydro-biplane, featuring Howard T. Wright's patented airplanes for a broad speed range. Two patented hydro floats, 21 feet long, each with three steps.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 60]

BRITISH DIRIGIBLES.

		Navy.			Army.
Name and date.		II Willows 3. 1911.	III Astra Torres 2. 1913.	IV Parseval 18. 1913.	II BETA. 1909 (1910.)	III, & IV & V GAMMA, DELTA, EPSILON. 1910, 1912, 1913.
Volume	c. feet (m³.)	31,800 (900)	222,500 (6,500)	311,000 (8,800)	21,000 (594)	70,600 (2,000)
Length	feet (m.)	120 (36.50)	...	276 (84)	104 (31.70)	152 (46)
Diameter	feet (m.)	40 (12.20)	...	49¼ (15)	25 (7.60)	30 (9.10)
Gasbags	fabric	Spencer	Continental	Metzler	Gold beater skin	Continental
	compartments	nil	3	nil	nil	nil
	ballonets	1	1	2	1	2
Lift	total tons	about ½	about 7	about 10	about ¾	2 ⅕
	useful, tons	...	...	...	...	...
Motors	h.p.	30 (=30)	2—120 Chenu (=240)	2—180 Maybach (=360)	1—30 Green (=30)	2—50 Green (=100)
Propellers	number	2 (swivel)	2	2 (s.r.) steel	1	2 (swivel)
	blades	2	2	4	2	2
	diameter feet (m.)	...	...	...	...	...
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	...	38 (63)	42 (68)	18 (29)	28 (45)
Endurance	full speed	...	...	...	...	4 hours
Max. complement		2	15-18	10-12	3	5
Station		Farnborough	...	...	Farnborough	Farnborough

Notes.—All the above are non-rigid. The military ones were all built at the Royal Aircraft Factory.

Notes.—All of the above are not rigid. The military ones were all made at the Royal Aircraft Factory.

Navy Dirigible Pilots.

Boothby, Lieut. F. L. M. (F.C.)
Everett, Gunner F.

Masterman, Comdr. E. A. D. (in command)
Usborne, Lieut. N. F. (squad comdr.)

Woodcock, Lieut. H. (F.C.)

Undergoing Naval Aircraft Course:

Crocker, Lieut. W. R.

Hicks, Lieut. W. C.

Wilson, Lieut. R. A.

Military Dirigible Pilots.

Squadron Commanders.

Maitland, Capt. E. M.

Flight Commanders.

Waterlow, Lieut. C. M.

Flying Officers.

Brabazon, Capt. Honble. C. M. P.
Fletcher, Lieut. J. N. (R.E.)
Hetherington, Lieut. T. G.
Mackworth, Lieut. J. D.
Pigot, Capt. R.

The following hold dirigible pilot certificates, but are not at present employed:—

The following individuals hold dirigible pilot certificates but are currently not employed:—

Broke Smith, Capt. P.

Capper, Col. J. E.

Fox, Lieut. A. G.

Private Dirigibles.

There are one Willows (1912) (sister to the naval one) and a couple of Spencers about the size of Beta.

There’s one Willows (1912) (sister to the naval one) and a couple of Spencers about the size of Beta.

Private Dirigible Pilots.

Willows, E. T. (24-32, Villa Rd. Handsworth, Birmingham).

Willows, E. T. (24-32 Villa Rd, Handsworth, Birmingham).

[Pg 61]

BRITISH NAVAL DIRIGIBLES.

Willows. The naval one is fitted with a boat-shaped car.

Willow trees. The naval one is fitted with a boat-shaped car.

Parseval. (photo of a sister ship.)

New Construction.

Messrs. Vickers have acquired the Parseval rights for the British Empire, and several airships of this type are likely to be put in hand by them shortly.

Messrs. Vickers have secured the Parseval rights for the British Empire, and they are expected to start working on several airships of this type soon.

Also reported that a big rigid is projected.

Also reported that a large rigid structure is expected.

[Pg 62]

BRITISH MILITARY DIRIGIBLES.

Beta.

BETA.

Gamma (Delta the same, but a smaller and enclosed car).

GAMMA.

[Pg 63]

BRITISH COLONIAL AIRCRAFT.

AUSTRALIAN.

Military Aviation.

In January, 1913, the Australian Flying Corps was instituted, as a part of the citizen forces. During 1913, about £5,600 is to be spent.

In January 1913, the Australian Flying Corps was established as part of the citizen forces. During 1913, approximately £5,600 was set to be spent.

The force is to consist ultimately of 4 officers, 7 warrant officers and sergeants, 32 mechanics.

The team will ultimately consist of 4 officers, 7 warrant officers and sergeants, and 32 mechanics.

The school is at Duntroon. Course includes—mechanics of the aeroplane, aerial motors, meteorology, aerial navigation by compass, aerial photography, signalling, etc. Mr. Harrison is in command with Lieut. H. Petre as assistant.

The school is located in Duntroon. The course covers the mechanics of airplanes, aircraft engines, meteorology, navigation by compass, aerial photography, signaling, and more. Mr. Harrison is in charge, with Lieut. H. Petre as his assistant.

Australian Aviators.

Banks, R. C.
Busteed, H.
Duigan, J. R.
Hammond, J. J.

Harrison
+Hart
+Lindsay, C.

Petre, H.
Pickles
Watts

+=killed.

Private Aeroplanes.

J. R. Duigan has built an aeroplane of his own design.

J. R. Duigan has created an airplane of his own design.

NEW ZEALAND.

Nothing doing worth mention. One Bleriot, 80 h.p., presented 1913 by the Standard, London.[Pg 64]

Nothing worth mentioning. One Bleriot, 80 h.p., presented in 1913 by the Standard, London.[Pg 64]

CANADIAN.

Aerial Societies.

Aeronautical Society of Canada, c/o. M. P. Logan, 99 Gloucester Street, Toronto

Aeronautical Society of Canada, c/o M. P. Logan, 99 Gloucester Street, Toronto

McGill Aviation Club, McGill University, Montreal

Oshawa, Ontario Ae. C.

Oshawa, Ontario Air Cadets

Note.—Owing to the fact that the late Aerial Experiment Association was half Canadian and half U.S.A., it is difficult to draw a very clear dividing line between Canadian and U.S. aviators or machines. Thus, one given here is partly U.S.A., while at least one U.S. machine may be claimed as "partially Canadian."

Note.—Since the former Aerial Experiment Association was made up of half Canadians and half Americans, it's tough to clearly separate Canadian and American aviators or aircraft. Therefore, one example provided here is partly American, while at least one American aircraft can be considered "partially Canadian."

AVIATORS.—Private.

Bell, Dr. Graham
McCurdy, J. A. D. (U.S.A. Ae. C. 18)

McHardy
Symonds, E. F.

St. Henry R.

Canadian Aeroplanes.

GRAHAM-BELL II.

Flights were made by Dr. Graham-Bell in a tetrahedal type, similar to one described in the 1911 edition.

Flights were conducted by Dr. Graham-Bell in a tetrahedral design, similar to one described in the 1911 edition.

McCURDY-WILLARD. Biplane.

Maximum length, 26¼ feet (8 m.) maximum breadth, 31-1/3 feet (9.50 m.) supporting surface, ? sq. feet (? m².)

Total weight.—

Body.—Central skid in combination with 4 wheels. Triangular body, base of triangle on top. Fuselage entirely enclosed.

Body.—Central skid combined with 4 wheels. Triangular body, with the base of the triangle on top. The fuselage is completely enclosed.

Planes.—Maximum span, 31-1/3 feet (9.50 m.) Chord, 3½ feet (1 m.) Gap, 5 feet (1.50 m.) Ailerons at trailing edge of wing tips, 6 feet x 2 feet (1.80×0.60 m.)

Planes.—Maximum wingspan, 31-1/3 feet (9.50 m). Chord, 3½ feet (1 m). Gap, 5 feet (1.50 m). Ailerons at the trailing edge of the wingtips, 6 feet x 2 feet (1.80×0.60 m).

Motor.—

Engine.—

Speed.—

Tractor.—Diameter, 7¾ feet (2.40 m.) Pitch, 6 feet (1.82 m.)

Steering.—Double elevator placed in rear of tail. Control, push and pull wheel.
Rudder in rear. Control, wheel.
Ailerons. Control, turning steering-wheel left or right.

Steering.—Double elevator located at the back of the tail. Control, push and pull the wheel.
Rudder in the back. Control, wheel.
Ailerons. Control, turn the steering wheel left or right.

Remarks.—See Aeronautics, U.S.A., August, 1911.

Remarks. — See Aeronautics, U.S.A., August 1911.

There has been also the Baddeck and other early machines (see 1911 edition), but none of them seem to be in existence at the present time.[Pg 65]

There has also been the Baddeck and other early machines (see 1911 edition), but none of them seem to be around today.[Pg 65]

BRITAIN OVERSEAS AEROPLANES.—INDIAN.

Military Aviation.

—A certain number of officers belonging to the Indian Army have qualified as pilots when home on leave, but there is no organised force. One is, however, proposed.

—Some officers in the Indian Army have qualified as pilots during their time off, but there isn't an organized unit yet. However, one is being proposed.

Private Aviation.

—In the past two or three home-made machines appeared, and one or two were imported, but most or all are now extinct.

—In the last two or three years, some homemade machines showed up, and a couple were brought in from other places, but most, if not all, are now gone.

SOUTH AFRICA.

Military Aviation.

—Non-existent.

—Doesn't exist.

Private Aviation.

—J. Weston is a qualified pilot, but at the outside there are not more than two effective machines in the country.[Pg 66]

—J. Weston is a licensed pilot, but there are only about two operational aircraft in the country.[Pg 66]

BULGARIAN.

In the Balkan War, 1912-13, Bulgaria hastily organised an aviation corps. This, though necessarily lacking in military organisation, proved very useful on several occasions.

In the Balkan War, 1912-13, Bulgaria quickly set up an aviation corps. Although it lacked proper military organization, it turned out to be very useful on several occasions.

At the end of March, 1913, the aeroplanes effective included 6 Bristol monos.; one 70 h.p. Bleriot XXI; 2 Bleriot XI bis (captured from the Turks); also some half-dozen or more miscellaneous machines temporarily hired.

At the end of March 1913, the airplanes in service included 6 Bristol monoplanes; one 70 h.p. Bleriot XXI; 2 Bleriot XI bis (captured from the Turks); and around six or more miscellaneous aircraft that were temporarily rented.

Military Aviators.—The principal are Lieuts. Milkoff, Taraxchieff and Petroff.

Military Aviators.—The main ones are Lieutenants Milkoff, Taraxchieff, and Petroff.

A number of other officers in various stages of training.[Pg 67]

A number of other officers in different stages of training.[Pg 67]

CENTRAL AMERICAN.

General Note.—Nicaragua and S. Domingo have both purchased one or two aeroplanes for their military forces: but nothing appears to have been done with them.[Pg 68]

General Note.—Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic have both bought one or two airplanes for their military forces, but it seems like nothing has been done with them.[Pg 68]

CHILIAN.

Aviator.—Edwards, Emilio. Sanchez Besa is a Chilian, but resides in Paris (see France).

Aviator.—Edwards, Emilio. Sanchez Besa is from Chile, but lives in Paris (see France).

Military Aviation.—In 1912, a commencement was made and one 80 h.p. Deperdussin purchased. Other machines are now on order.[Pg 69]

Military Aviation.—In 1912, we got started and bought an 80 h.p. Deperdussin. Other aircraft are currently on order.[Pg 69]

CHINESE.

AVIATORS.

Lee, Y. L. (British Ae.C. 148)
Tsai Tao Prince

Military Aviation.

In March, 1913, orders were placed for six 80 h.p. Caudrons, also for six 50 h.p., and a decision arrived at gradually to acquire a force of 700 aeroplanes, but very little has actually been done to date.[Pg 70]

In March 1913, orders were made for six 80 horsepower Caudrons, as well as six 50 horsepower ones, and it was gradually decided to build a fleet of 700 airplanes, but hardly any progress has been made so far.[Pg 70]

DANISH.

Aerial Societies:—

Danske Aeronautiske Selskab, 34 Amaliegade, Copenhagen.

Aerial Journals:—

None; but Motor (3 Bredgade, Mezz, Copenhagen) deals with aerial matters.

None; but Motor (3 Bredgade, Mezz, Copenhagen) specializes in aerial issues.

Flying Grounds:—

Klampenburg, Copenhagen.

Skandinarisk Aërodrom.

Scandinavian Aerodrome.

Army Aeroplanes.

In 1911 there was an Antoinette. Nothing done since.

In 1911, there was an Antoinette. Nothing has been done since.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Ullitkz, Kapt.

Ullitkz, Captain.

Private.

Arntzen, Dr.
Christiansen, S.
Ellerhammer

Folmes, Hansen
Maltke, Count
Nervoe, A.

Svendsen, R.
Thorup, K.

[Pg 71]

DUTCH.

(Revised by I. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer and Librarian of the Dutch Ae. C.)

Aerial Societies:—

Haagsche Proefvliegtuig Club (3e V.d. Boschstreet 20, The Hague).

Haagsche Proefvliegtuig Club (3e V.d. Boschstraat 20, The Hague).

Nederlandsche Vereeniging voor Luchtvaart (Nassau Zuilensteintraat, 10, The Hague). (Ae. C.)

Rotterdamsche Model Aero Club (Rochussenstreet 229b, Rotterdam).

Rotterdam Model Aero Club (Rochussenstraat 229b, Rotterdam).

Colonial:

Colonial

Nederlandsche Indische Vereeniging voor Luchtvaart.

Dutch East Indies Aviation Association.

Aerial Journals:—

De Luchtvaart (Ged Onde-Gracht, 141, Haarlem). Fortnightly.

De Luchtvaart (Ged Onde-Gracht, 141, Haarlem). Every two weeks.

Avia, Wynbrugstraat 13, Rotterdam. Fortnightly.

Avia, Wynbrugstraat 13, Rotterdam. Every two weeks.

Flying Grounds:—

Breda-Gilske-Rijen.—6 hangars.

Soesterberg.—20 hangars.

Army Aeroplanes.

Up to the end of 1911 there were none, though some officers had their own private ones (H. Farman's mostly).

Up until the end of 1911, there were none, although some officers had their own private ones (mostly H. Farman's).

At end of 1912.

At the end of 1912.

2 monos. Deperdussin (for Java).
1 biplane. De Brouchére (for Java).

AVIATORS.

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated the Ae. C. Nederlandsche pilot certificate number.)

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. Netherlands pilot certificate number.)

To end of 1911.

To the end of 1911.

Military.

Bakker, H. Yandrig
Labouchere, Lieut. J.

Meel, Lieut. Van
Poorton, Lieut. H. ter

Versreegh, Lt, W. C. J.

Private.

Bahle, F. K.
Boerlage, M.
Burgh, Van der
Fokker, A. H. G.
Hilgers, J. W. E. L.

Konings, L.
Koolhoven (1)
Küller, G. P. (2)
Lutge, F. (4) (323, F.)

Mulder, A.
Riemsdyk, Van F. (5)
Ryk, Madame Bde.
Wynmalen, H. (6) (208, F.)

The following Dutch aviator has been killed:

1911.
Van Maasdyck, C. (130, Ae. C. F.)

[Pg 72]

DUTCH AEROPLANES.

DE BROUCKERE. Biplane.

H. Farman type. Details, De Luchtvaart, No. 8, 1911.

FOKKER. Monoplane.

Anthony Fokker, of Haarlem. In early 1912 flew at Breda.

Anthony Fokker, from Haarlem. In early 1912, he flew at Breda.

MONNIER-HARPER. Monoplane.

(O.P.I.I.) Generally Bleriot type. Built 1911.

VAN DEN BURG. Monoplane.

Early in 1912 was flying at Johannisthal, Germany.

Early in 1912, I was flying at Johannisthal, Germany.

VREEDENBURGH. Monoplane.

(O.P.I.I.) Blend of Bleriot and Antoinette. Motor, 75 h.p. Miesse. Completed December, 1909.

(O.P.I.I.) Blend of Bleriot and Antoinette. Engine, 75 hp Miesse. Finished December, 1909.

Fokker. Monoplane.

FOKKER. Monoplane.

(See Germany for details.) Firm now established in Germany.

(See Germany for details.) Company now set up in Germany.

DUTCH DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

DUINDIGT. Non-rigid.
(Zodiac make.)

Length, 111½ feet (34 m.) diameter, 22½ feet (60.80 m.) capacity, 31,785 c. feet (900 m³.)

Length: 111½ feet (34 m) diameter: 22½ feet (60.80 m) capacity: 31,785 cubic feet (900 m³)

Motor.—18 h.p.

Motor.—18 hp

Remarks.—Small edition of Zodiac III. (See France.) [Pg 73]

Remarks.—Limited edition of Zodiac III. (See France.) [Pg 73]

FRENCH.

(Special French Editor.)

(French Editor.)

Aerial Societies:—

Aero Club de France.

Aero Club of France.

Academie Aeronautique de France.

Aviation Academy of France.

Aeronautique Club de France.

Aéroclub de France.

Société des Aëronautes du Siège.

Aero Club du Sud Ouest.

Aero Club of the Southwest.

Aero Club du Rhone.

Rhone Aero Club.

Aero Club du Nord.

Aero Club of the North.

La Ligue Aerienne du Sud.

The Southern Air League.

Société Francaise de Navigation Aérienne.

French Air Navigation Company.

Société d'encouragement à l'Aviation.

Aviation Promotion Society.

(Full list of clubs next page.)

(Full list of clubs on the next page.)

Aerial Journals:—

L'Aerophile.

The Aerophile.

L'Aero.

The Aero.

L'Aeronaute.

The Aeronaut.

Aerostat (Bulletin Aeronautique).

Aerostat (Aviation Bulletin).

Aerostat (Academie d'Aerostation).

Hot air balloon (Aeronautics Academy).

Revue de l'Aerostation.

Aerostation Review.

Le Ballon.

The Balloon.

L'Aerostation.

The Aeronautics.

L'Aeronautique.

Aerospace.

Bulletin Aeronautique.

Aviation Bulletin.

Encyclopediede l'Aviation.

Encyclopedia of Aviation.

La Ligue Nationale Aerienne.

The National Air League.

Revue de l'Aviation.

Aviation Review.

L'Aeromécanique.

Aeromechanics.

Principal Flying Grounds:

Antibes.—Hanriot school.

Antibes.—Hanriot Academy.

Beauce.

Beauce.

Betheny.—Sommer school. Deperdussin School.

Betheny.—Summer school. Deperdussin School.

Buc.—M. Farman school.

Buc.—M. Farman Academy.

Buoy.

Float.

Chalons.—Sommer school.

Chalons.—Summer school.

Chalais-Mendon. (Military)

Chatres.—Savary school.

Chatres.—Savary School.

Cran, Marseilles.

Cran, Marseille.

Crotoy.—Caudron school.

Crotoy.—Caudron School.

Croix d'Hins, Bordeaux (Aer. Lig. du Sud.) Area 6 km. Track. Free sheds.

Corbeaulieu pres. Compregne.—Doutre school.

Corbeaulieu pres. Compregne.—Doutre Academy.

Etampes.—Bleriot school. Farman school.

Etampes.—Bleriot Academy. Farman Academy.

Grand Camp, Lyons.

Issy les Moulineaux.—Astra school

Issy les Moulineaux.—Astra Academy

Juan-le-Pias.—Paulhan aquaplane school.

Juan-le-Pins.—Paulhan aquaplane school.

Juvissy, near Paris.—Aerodrome. Caudron school. Goupy school.

Juvissy, near Paris.—Airfield. Caudron school. Goupy school.

La Brayelle, Douai.—Breguet school.

La Brayelle, Douai.—Breguet Academy.

Da motte Brueil dans L'Oise.

The moth Brueil in Oise.

Le Bourget, Paris.—100 sheds.

Le Bourget, Paris.—100 storage units.

Le Mans.

Le Mans.

Moisson.

Harvest.

Mourmelon.—Voisin school.

Mourmelon.—Voisin Academy.

Napante.

Nice.—Small and rough surface.

Cool.—Small and rough texture.

Pau.—Bleriot school.

Reims.—Aerodrome.

Reims.—Airfield.

St. Cyr.

Villacoublay, Paris.—Breguet, Nieuport and Astra schools.

Villacoublay, Paris.—Breguet, Nieuport, and Astra schools.

[Pg 74]

FRENCH AEROPLANES.

Military Aviation.

In February, 1912, the then total of 208 effective aeroplanes were divided into "squadrillas" consisting of eight aeroplanes; attached to these eleven or twelve motor cars, one traction car and one fast car, also a repairing car and repairing van.

In February 1912, the total of 208 operational airplanes was organized into "squadrillas" of eight planes each; along with these, there were eleven or twelve motor vehicles, one trailer, one fast car, a repair vehicle, and a repair van.

It was then estimated that at the end of 1912, 344 aeroplanes would be available for service.

It was then estimated that by the end of 1912, 344 airplanes would be available for service.

The estimated personnel was provisionally fixed at 234 officer pilots, 210 scouts, 42 mechanics, 110 officers, 1,600 corporals or sappers and 550 privates.

The estimated personnel was temporarily set at 234 officer pilots, 210 scouts, 42 mechanics, 110 officers, 1,600 corporals or sappers, and 550 privates.

Approximately £880,000 was spent in aviation during 1912, and £1,000,000 was estimated for future years.

Approximately £880,000 was spent on aviation in 1912, and £1,000,000 was estimated for future years.

The French military aviation centres are all upon somewhat the same footing as fortresses, and the greater part of the work comes under the head of "confidential." The principal school is at St. Cyr, which was specially selected because the ground is rough and mostly covered with small shrubs: it being held important to train officers from the first to rise and land on ground similar to that most likely to be found in war time. Each station is supplied with large portable wooden-framed hangars covered with canvas. These can be rapidly taken to pieces and re-erected. Each station is supplied with its own special motor transport.

The French military aviation centers are all somewhat like fortresses, and most of the work is classified as "confidential." The main school is at St. Cyr, which was chosen because the terrain is rough and mostly covered with small shrubs; it's important to train officers to take off and land on ground similar to what they would encounter during wartime. Each station has large, portable wooden-framed hangars covered with canvas. These can be quickly disassembled and reassembled. Each station also has its own dedicated motor transport.

All military machines are provided with a compass and map case in front of the pilot and sketching apparatus in front of the observer.

All military machines come equipped with a compass and a map case in front of the pilot, along with a sketching device in front of the observer.

Although a few non-commissioned officers have been taught flying, the organization only contemplates the employment of commissioned officers as pilots. The age limit is 38.

Although a few non-commissioned officers have been trained to fly, the organization only considers using commissioned officers as pilots. The age limit is 38.

On April 16th, 1913, the flying corps was modified. The principal features of the corps as now existing are as follows:—

On April 16th, 1913, the flying corps was updated. The main features of the corps as it currently exists are as follows:—

Establishments.

Schools.
Special establishments, dealing with purchase, construction, and big repairs.
Directions. Administration of material.
Depots. A species of dockyards dealing with minor repairs, etc.

Administration.

There are three main groups, each commanded by a colonel. Each group consists of dirigibles and aeroplane "escadrilles," and is fully equipped with establishments, etc. The three centres are:—

There are three main groups, each led by a colonel. Each group is made up of airships and airplane squadrons, and is fully equipped with facilities, etc. The three centers are:—

Versailles.
Reims.
Lyon.

General.

All squadron units are made up of machines of the same make and power. Pilots are detailed as required to any particular unit, and liable to transfer from one to another, though in practice such transfers are rare.

All squadron units consist of machines of the same brand and power. Pilots are assigned to any specific unit as needed and can be moved from one to another, though such transfers are uncommon in practice.

Army Aeroplanes.

During 1912 nearly 500 machines were delivered to the Army, but a great many old machines have been scrapped. At the end of March, 1913, the force stood at 421 effective for war machines, plus an uncertain number of school machines and obsoletes.

During 1912, nearly 500 machines were delivered to the Army, but many old machines have been scrapped. By the end of March 1913, the total was 421 operational military machines, along with an unknown number of training and outdated machines.

About one-third or more of the effective aeroplanes were Farmans. The rest consisted of all leading French types, proportionated more or less to the productive capacity of these firms. Also certain other makes experimental.

About one-third or more of the effective airplanes were Farmans. The rest included all the leading French models, roughly matching the production capacity of these companies. Additionally, there were some other experimental makes.

Navy Aviation.

The Navy section of French military aviation is still in the "being formed" process. No data are yet available as to the ultimate force to be provided. At present the number of effective war machines is small. It is made up of hydro-avions of the following types:—Astra, Borel, Breguet, Caudron, Deperdussin, Donnet-Leveque, Farman, Paulhan-Curtiss, Sanchez-Besa, the total at end of March, 1913, being well under 20. There are also two special Bleriot type fitted with floats, which carry 330 lbs of explosive, are fitted with wireless, have a speed of 140 km.p.h. (85 m.p.h.), and a radius of about 600 miles (1,000 km.)[Pg 75]

The Navy section of French military aviation is still in the process of being established. There’s no available data yet on the final strength it will provide. Right now, the number of operational war machines is limited. It consists of hydroplanes of the following types: Astra, Borel, Breguet, Caudron, Deperdussin, Donnet-Leveque, Farman, Paulhan-Curtiss, and Sanchez-Besa, totaling well under 20 by the end of March 1913. There are also two special Bleriot models equipped with floats, which can carry 330 lbs of explosives, are fitted with wireless, have a speed of 140 km/h (85 mph), and a range of about 600 miles (1,000 km.)[Pg 75]

PRINCIPAL FRENCH ARMY AND NAVY AVIATORS.

(In each case the number against each name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. French certificate pilot number.)

(In each case, the number next to each name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. French certificate pilot number.)

Army.

Abadie, Sous Officier
Acevedo, Lieut. (740)
Acquaviva, Lieut. Paul V. (68)
Aiguillon, Lt. R.d' (308)
Aubry, Lieut.
Balensi, Capt. Albert (173)
Bares, Capt. (543)
Basset, Lieut. Paul (145)
Battini, Lieut. G. (508)
Baugnies, Lt. J. B. E. (193)
Beatrix, Sous Officier
Bellemois, Lieut. G. (546)
Bellenger, Capt. M. (45)
Berni, Lieut. (760)
Biard, Capt. G. M. (261)
Bihan, Lieut.
Binda, Lieut. Louis (232)
Blard, Lieut. (460)
Bobillier, Lieut.
Boerner, Lieut.
Boissonas, Lieut. (443)
Bon, Lieut.
Boncour, Lieut. (478)
Bonnier, Lieut. (478)
Bonnier, General (137)
Boucher, Lieut.
Bousnuet, Lieut. P. (295)
Breley, Lieut.
Brenot, Capt.
Brouchard, Lieut.
Brugiere, Lt.
Brule, Lieut. (436)
Bruncher, Lieut.
Burgeat, Capt. M. (44)
Camerman, Lieut. F. (33)
Camine, Capt.
Campagne, Lieut. (782)
Casse, Capt. (415)
Chabert, Lieut.
Charoux, Sous Officier
Chavenac, Lieut. E. (551)
Cheutin, Lt. E. J. (233)
Chevreau, Lieut. R. (132)
Clavenad, Lieut. P. (294)
Clerc, Lieut. (465)
Clolus, Commdt. G. (97)
Couret, Lieut.
Coville, Capt.
D'Abrantes, Lieut.
D'Aquillon, Lieut.
De Beruis, Lieut.
De Caumont, Capt.
De Chanac Lanzac, Capt.
De Geyer, Lieut.
De Gorge, Lieut. (805)
De Goys, Capt.
De Lafargue (417)
De L'Estrade, Lieut.
De Rose, Lieut. P. (477)
Destace, Capt.
Destouches, Capt.
Devarenne, Lieut.
Devaulx, Lieut. R. (158)
De Ville d'Avray, Lieut.

Didier, Sous Officier (765)
Do-Ird, Lieut.
Drevet, Sous Officier (753)
Duparquet, Capt.
Duperron, Capt. (196)
Dupin, Lieut.
Eteve, Capt. A. (89)
Erstorac, Capt.
Felix, Capt. J. (270)
Fequant, Lieut. A. (63)
Fequant, Lieut. P. (340)
Fierstein, Sous Officier
Francezon, E. (410)
Foirelline, Lieut.
Garnier, Lieut. (305)
Garnier, Lt. (826)
Gastringer, Lieut.
Gaubert, Lieut. E. (313)
Germain, Lieut.
Girard, Lieut. J. (197)
Gironde, Lt. A. de
Godefroy, Sous Officier (583)
Gouin, Lt. M. E. R. (348)
Gourlez, Lieut. (521)
Grezaud, S.-Lt. P. (265)
Grailly, Lieut. (399)
Gronier, Lieut. J. (138)
Grandjean, Sapper
Guibart, Lieut.
Guiton, Sous Officier
Hable, Sous-Lt. A. L. (257)
Hugoni, Capt. E. (165)
Hanouille, Lieut.
Henequin, Lieut.
Henri, Lieut. (497)
Herli, S.-Lt. (257)
Hurard, Sous Officier
Issartier (531)
Jacquet, Lieut.
Joly, Lieut. F. (341)
Jost, Lieut. R. G. (264)
Kass, Capt.
Langardt, Lieut.
Laurent, Sous Officier (246)
Le Beau, Capt.
Le Bleu, Lieut.
Lelievre, Lieut. E. (522)
Lemasson, Lieut. (506)
Le Mauget, Capt.
Letheux, Lieut. G. (142)
Letort, Sapper (170)
Letourneur, Lieut.
Lucca, Lieut. D. (154)
Ludmann, Lieut. G. (255)
Lussigny, Lieut.
Machin, Lieut.
Mailfert, Lieut. F. (146)
Maillois, Lieut. J. (131)
Malherbe, Lt. de (334)
Maneyrol, Lieut.
Manoha, Lt.
Marc, Lt.
Marconnet, Capt. (90)
Marie, Capt. Felix (80)

Marlin, Lieut.
Marmies, Lieut.
Marty, Sous Officier (816)
Massol, Lieut.
Mauger, Lieut.
Maurice, Lieut.
Mazac, Lieut. (592)
Migaud, Lieut. G. (501)
Morel, Sous-Lt. P. (262)
Morlaye, Lieut. la
Mouchard, Lieut.
Negre, Capt.
Nicaud, Lieut.
Nogues, Capt. (114)
Normand, Lieut. F. (314)
Pelloux, Sous-Lt. M. (346)
Peraldi, Lieut.
Peretti, Sous Officier
Pierre, Lieut.
Ponchet, Lieut.
Prat, Lieut.
Precardin, Lieut.
Princetau, Lieut.
Postulat, Sergt.
Quennehen, Sous Officier
Ragot, Lieut.
Remy, Lieut. H. C. (143)
Reynard, Lieut. (668)
Rimbert, Lieut.
Rocca-Serra, Lieut.
Rochette, Lieut. J. (564)
Rolland, Lieut. M. E. (545)
Ronin, Lieut.
Rougerie, Lieut.
Sauleillon, Lt. A. (674)
Saunier, Lieut. G. (153)
Seguin, Sapper (528)
Sevelle, Lieut. (747)
Silvestre, Lieut. (599)
Sido, Capt. Marie (65)
Sourdeau, Lieut. A. (474)
Soulielani, Lieut.
Thomas, Lieut. (846)
Thomas, R. (116)
Touzet, E. (485)
Tretane, Lieut.
Tricornot de Rose, Lt. de (330)
Vandamone, Lieut. (535)
Van de Vaero, Lt. (491)
Vandine, Lieut.
Varcin, Lieut.
Vaudein, Lieut.
Verdier, Sous Officier (538)
Vibra, Lieut.
Vigne, Lt. Henri (315)
Vinda, Lieut.
Vitra-Rougerie, Lieut.
Vocayeau, Lieut.
Vogoya, Capt.
Vuilliereme, Lt. L. (174)
Watteau, Lieut.
Willemenz, Lieut. (759)
Yence, Lieut. R, (220)

Naval.

Byasson, Lt. de V. (175)
Cayla, Lieut. (458)
Conneau, Lieut. (322) "Beaumont"
Davelny, Comdt.

Delage, Lieut. G. (219)
Fournier, Lieut.
Hautefille, Lieut. (247)
Lafon, Lt. (194)

Leve, Lieut. (243)
Parasa, Lieut. (179)
Reymond, Lieut. (206)

[Pg 76]

FRENCH AEROPLANES—PRIVATE.

Private Aeroplanes.

The total number of machines built in France during 1912 has been estimated at about 1,500. This includes military as well as private machines, also machines exported, and appears to be unduly generous even so. The actual total of machines commenced and completed in 1912 is nearer 1,000.

The total number of machines produced in France during 1912 is estimated to be around 1,500. This figure includes military and private machines, as well as exported machines, and seems a bit too generous regardless. The actual number of machines started and finished in 1912 is closer to 1,000.

The number of private aeroplanes—excluding demonstration and school machines is small.

The number of private planes—excluding demonstration and training aircraft—is small.

PRIVATE AVIATORS

(brevets to end of 1911).

(brevets through the end of 1911).

(In each case the number against each name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. French certificate pilot number.)

(In each case, the number next to each name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. French certificate pilot number.)

Algrin, Rene (252)
Allard, M. (480)
Alincourt (488)
Andre, C. (192)
Aubrun (21)
Bachot, A. (271)
Baeder, F. de (107)
Bague, E. (337)
Balliod, Louis (236)
Balaye, A. (275)
Balsan, Jacques (22)
Baratoux, Marcel (49)
Barbotte, Ernest (268)
Barra, Franck (171)
Barrier, A. (64)
Banier, Rene (64)
Bathiat, Georges (237)
Bathiat, Leon (110)
Beard, Pierre (276)
Beaud, Edouard (150)
Becue, Jean F. (263)
Bellier, Albert (297)
Bellot, Andre (317)
Benoist, Jean (369)
Bergognie, Charles (373)
Bernard, A. (505)
Berlot, Henri J. (450)
Biard, Desire J. (460)
Bielovucic, Jean (87)
Bill, Henri (205)
Blanchet, Georges (244)
Bleriot, Louis (1)
Blondeau, Gustave (101)
Bobba, Andre (309)
Boillot, Geo. (395)
Boissounas, L. (443)
Boise de Courcenay, Comte (283)
Boivin, Albert (248)
Bonzon, Maurice (355)
Bouvier, Andre (120)
Boyer, Louis (303)
Bregi, Henry (26)
Breguet, Louis (52)
Bresson, Georges (280)
Briancon, Lucien (277)
Briey, F. de (492)
Brindejonc des Moulinais (449)
Bruneau de Laborie, E. (67)
Bunau-Varilla, E. (16)
Busson, Guillaume (121)
Caille, Albert (200)
Caramanlaki, A. (761)
Carles, Fernand (362)
Carlin, L. V. (554)
Caudron, Rene (180)
Cayla, P. (458)
Chailliey, Henri (63)
Challe, M. J. (523)
Champel, Florentin (94)
Chanteloup, P. (549)
Chapelle, J. (547)
Charpentier, Louis (286)
Chassagne, Jean (160)
Chausse, P. (519)
Chaussier, Piere (384)
Chatain, Marius L. (267)
Chatain, L. M. L. (296)
Chateau, Edouard (135)
Chaunac-Lenzac de (394)
Chemet, Geo. (159)
Cheuret, Leon (62)
Cherent, L. (62)
Chevalier, J. (515)
Chevalier, Louis (333)
Chevillard, Maurice (385)
Chioni, Basile (250)
Clerc, Paul A. L. (465)
Clement, M. (108)
Collardeau, Geo. (393)
Collieux, M. (85)
Collin, Georges (279)
Conard (647)
Contard, Paul (351)
Contenet, Henri (447)
Contour, Ernest (371)
Contre (657)
Cordonnier, Robert (221)
Corso, E. (529)
Crochon, Andre (43)
Cronier, Andre M. H. (352)
Cugnet, Gaston (140)
Cure, Gaston M. (242)
Daillens, Jean (119)
Dancourt, P. H. (520)
Debener, M. (562)
Deletang, Fernand (42)
Delacroix, Maurice (452)
Delagrange, Robert (366)
De La Roche, Mde. (36)
Deloche, R. D. (526)
[Pg 77]Denis, Auguste (380)
Deroy, Francis (374)
Derry, Leon (254)
Deruissy, Andre (376)
Despres, E. M. L. (527)
Deschamps de Bois, Hébert (461)
Didier, A. (77)
Divetain, Pierre (466)
Driancourt, M. L. (525)
Dubonnet, Emile (47)
Ducoweneau (456)

Dufour, Jean M. R. (457)
Dufour, Jean (96)
Dufour, Louis (185)
Duval, E. (118)
Duval, Emile (118)
Echeman, P. M. (466)
Esnault-Pelterie, R. (4)
Espanet, Dr. G. (532)
Farman, Henry (5)
Farman, Maurice (6)
Fiorellimo, Louis (369)
Florencie, Jean (201)
Fournie, J. P. S. (502)
Frantz, Joseph (363)
Francq, Baron de (481)
Frey, Alfred (48)
Frey, Andre (93)
Froussart, Ernest (350)
Frugier, Leon (378)
Gaget, Joseph (335)
Gaillard, J. O. C. (504)
Gallie, Fernand (343)
Gardey, M. (482)
Garros, Roland (147)
Garsonnin, L. (555)
Gastinger, Edouard M. (455)
Gassnier, René (39)
Gassier, Marcel (392)
Gasnier, Pierre (391)
Gaudart, Louis (228)
Gaulard, Charles (302)
Gautheron, Louis (449)
Gaye, Georges (251)
Gibert, Louis (92)
Gilbert, Eugene (240)
Giraud, Etienne (493)
Glorieux, Leon (188)
Gobe, Armand (102)
Gobron, Jean (7)
Goffin, Marcel (284)
Gouguenheim, P. (388)
Goux, Jules (398)
Gournay, Henri (186)
Goys de Mereyrac, Louis (354)
Grandjean, E. C. H. (469)
Grandseigne, R. (360)
Granel, Marcel (117)
Grellet, Alexis (370)
Gressard, M. (725)
Gue, Albert (216)
Guerre, Henri (444)
Guidard, V. P. (487)
Guilband, C. J. (518)
Guillemard, T. (445)
Guillaume, C. (651)
Hainaux, Marcel R. (239)
Hanriot, Marcel R. (239)
Hanriot, Rene (368)
Herbster, Maurice (41)
Herveu, Mlle. Jane (318)
Hesne, Paul (113)
Houlette, Andre (367)
Jacquemart, G. C. (464)
Jamblez, Paul A. (266)
Janoir, L. (553)
Joliot, André (202)
Joly, C. E. M. (530)
Julleriot, Henry (61)
Junod, Auguste (253)
Kauffman, Paul (198)
Kergariou, Engard de (503)
Kieffer, C. E. (372)
Kummerling, A. (291)
Koechlin, Jean P. (203)
Kuhling, Paul L. (136)
Labouchere, Rene (86)
Labouret, Rene (222)
Lacombe, P. (534)
Ladougne, Emile (81)
Lafarge, Henri (278)
Lajous, Francois, A. (463)
Lambert, Comte de (8)
Langhe, Armand de (204)
Lastours, H. R. de (552)
Larfinty-Tholosan, Marquis Jules (468)
Laroche, Mme. Raymonde (36)
Latzel, J. (700)
Leblanc, Alfred (17)
Lecomte, Henri (320)
Legagneux, Georges (55)
Le Lasseur de Ranzay, G. (479)
Lemartin, Theodore (249)
Lenfant, Louis (386)
Leouet, B. L. (485)
Leprince, P. (494)
Lesire, Eugene (176)
Lesseps, Jacques de (27)
Leyat, Marcel (364)
Lieutard, H. (497)
Liger, A. (573)
Lombardi, Henri (241)
Loridan, Marcel (224)
Magnan, Leon (379)
Magneval, Gabriel (359)
Mahieu, Georges E. (123)
Mallet, J. A. P. (490)
Mamet, Julien (18)
Marchal, Anselem (328)
Maron, P. H. (495)
Marquezy, Rene (238)
Martin, Edouard (365)

Martin, Xavier (162)
Martinet, Robert (78)
Marvingt, Marie (281)
Mauvais, Jean (144)
Metrot, Rene (19)
Meyer, Jules M. (229)
Mignot, Robert (76)
Miltgen, Paul (339)
Moineau, R. L. (554)
Molla, Henri (172)
Montalent, O. de (509)
Montjou, Guy de (446)
Mollien, Elie A. (57)
Molon, Leon (25)
Molon, Louis (234)
Molon, Lucien (235)
Montigny, Alfred de (69)
Morane, Leon F. (54)
Morelle, Edmond (35)
Morel, P. F. (524)
Morin, Roger (306)
Mouthier, Louis (157)
Mousnier, Yvon (454)
Niel, Albert (104)
Niel, Mme. Marthe (226)
Nissole, Edouard (383)
Noe, A. G. M. (498)
Noel, Andre (122)
Obre, Emile (148)
Ors, Jean (382)
Orus, Maurice (256)
Osmon, Geo. (361)
Paillette, Marcel (99)
Paillole, E. C. L. (556)
Palade, Antoine (387)
Pallier, Mdlle.
Parent, Francois (189)
Paris-Leclerc, Max (190)
Partiot, G. (516)
Pascal, Ferdinand (301)
Paul, Ernest (91)
Paulhan, Louis (10)
Pequet, Henri (88)
Perin, Albert (161)
Perreyon, Edmond (311)
Perrigot, J. (499)
Picard, Pierre (174)
Planchet, Edmond (319)
Poillot (182)
Pommier, Martin (400)
Porcheron, L. A. (471)
Pouleriguen, F. (349)
Poumet (576)
Pourpe, Marc
Pourpe, M. M. E. A. (560)
Prevost, M. (475)
Prevoteau, G. (507)
Prier, Pierre (169)
Raoblt, Jean (386)
Reimbert, Ernest (375)
Reichert, Henri (377)
Renaux, Eugene (139)
Renaud de la Fregeoliere (396)
Rey, P. A. P. (517)
Reymond, Senator
Richet, A. (537)
Rigal, Victor (60)
Rivolier, Jean (381)
Robillard, G. de (184)
Robinet, J. (476)
Romance, F. de (288)
Rougier, Henry (11)
Ruby, F. L. (514)
Ruchonnet (127)
Sallard, H. (794)
Sallenave, Henru (66)
Savary, Robert (112)
Schlumberger, M. (316)
Sée, Raymond (187)
Servies, Jules (218)
Simon, Rene (177)
Sommer, Roger (29)
Tabateau, Maurice (128)
Taurin, Andre (84)
Tetard, Maurice (79)
Thieulin, Joseph (459)
Tissandier, Paul (13)
Tixier, Henri (397)
Toussin, Rene (56)
Train, Emile Louis (167)
Vallier, Edmond P. (269)
Vallon, Rene (109)
Van Gaver, Paul (338)
Vasseur, Narcisse (282)
Vedrines, Jules (312)
Vendrines, E. (536)
Verliac, Adrien (129)
Vergmault, O. (561)
Verrier, Pierre (390)
Versepuy, Leon (149)
Vialard, Charles (342)
Vidart, Rene (133)
Villeneuve Trans, Louis de (285)
Vimard, E. (484)
Visseaux, Henri (217)
Vittoz-Gallet, G. (500)
Wagner, Louis (83)
Walleton, Louis (304)
Weiss, H. (73)
Wintrebert, Henri (300)
Zens, Ernest (28)

The following French aviators have been killed:—

1909.

Ferber, Capt.
Lefebvre, E.

Ferber, Captain
Lefebvre, E.

1910.

Blanchard (215)
Delagrange, Leon (3)
Le Blon (38)
Poillot (182)

1911.

Byasson, Lt.
Camine, Capt.
Caumont, Lieut. (156)
Carron, Capt.
Chotard, Lieut.
De Grailly, Lieut.
Desparmet, J. (451)
Dupuis, Lieut.
Gaubert (59)
Laffont, A. (111)
Lautheaume, Lt.
Level
Liere, Louis
Loder, Lt.
Madiot, Capt. (106)
Mommlin
Nieuport, E. (105)
Noel
Princeteau, Lt. (331)
Ruchonnet
Tarron, Capt.
Vallon, Rene
Wachter, C. L. (53)

[Pg 78]

FRENCH PRIVATE AVIATORS, 1912.

Adam-Gironne (818)
Arondel, P. (827)
Andenis, C. (788)
Badet (622)
Balighant, G. (588)
Barbarou, M. (702)
Basano, F. (828)
Baudrin, E. (609)
Bedel, R. (668)
Beatrix, C. (781)
Benoit, O. (771)
Benoist, G. (667)
Bertin, L. (801)
Blaignan (633)
Bleu, Le (643)
Boiteau, G. (833)
Boerlage (666)
Bordage, A. (650)
Boncour (678)
Boucher, F. (600)
Borie, A. (803)
Brocard, A. (770)
Brodin, E. (838)
Brouard, E. (807)
Bruginere, A. (813)
Cailleaux, A. (617)
Carreard, G. (779)
Castellan, E. (639)
Cavalier, M. (764)
Caye, M. (672)
Cerantes, F. (611)
Chabert, V. (631)
Chandenier, L. (804)
Coblyn, L. (735)
Contre (657)
Corsini, A. (654)
Cornier, R. (605)
Coville, F. (594)
Couffin, L. (619)
Dambricourt, J. (773)
De Beausire de Seyssel (756)
Debroutelle, P. (806)
De Chabot, P. (783)
De Gensac, A. (836)
De Lareinty Tholozan, H. (822)
Delacour, J. (602)
Delaunay, P. M. (635)
Deleraye, M. (790)
De l'Escaille (791)
Delmas, M. (837)
De Marmies, R. (663)
De Mazurkiewicz, W. C. (707)
Denhaut, F. (690)
Des Pres de la Morlais (636)
De Pontac (596)
De Reals, R. (686)
De Ryk (Mme. B.) (652)

De Segonac, R. (669)
Desille, L. (581)
De Vergnette, C. (792)
De Villepin, O. (832)
Do Huu, T. (649)
Drouhet, F. (727)
Dussot, A. (733)
Dutertre, C. (748)
Ecomand, G. (714)
Ehrmann, L. (646)
Escot, P. (624)
Eymien, S. (726)
Fassin, F. (844)
Faucompre, L. (814)
Fleiche, L. (729)
Foudre, R. (808)
Foulquier, M. (772)
Francois, A. (665)
Galon, S. (613)
Garros, R. (811)
Glaize, F. (845)
Godot, J. (815)
Grazzioli, A. (687)
Grasset, A. (800)
Greppo, J. (676)
Guerre, P. (730)
Guillaux, E. (749)
Hanne, A. (681)
Helen, E. (586)
Hembert (662)
Hurard, J. (757)
Hustinx, C. (716)
Irate, G. (655)
Jacquin, A. (582)
Jailler, L. (682)
Jeannerod, H. (696)
Jeansoulin, L. (703)
Joachim, H. (610)
Jourjon, R. (841)
Junquet, P. (621)
Kormann (789)
Lambert, A. (618)
Lanier, P. (684)
Lantheaume, C. (616)
Latzel, J. (700)
Le Bleu, P. (643)
Leclerc, P. (593)
Lefebvre, L. (691)
Lecontellec, H. (810)
Lenfant, P. (731)
Lemoine, A. (632)
Leroy, J. (638)
Lesne, M. (796)
Levasseur, J. (743)
Le Vassor, J. (704)
Lewis, J. (642)

Loubignac, L. (793)
Lumiere, G. (840)
Madon, G. (595)
Magnin, L. (648)
Maicon, A. (695)
Mandelli, P. (762)
Mauger, D. (750)
Malecaze, J. (776)
Mancarot (710)
Mazier, L. (634)
Melin, E. (699)
Metairie, A. (689)
Mouroux, J. (724)
Navarre, A. (584)
Noel, L. (656)
Nove-Josseraud (825)
Olivier, L. (556)
Pasquier, Baron R. (728)
Penet, H. (809)
Pia, G. (829)
Picard, F. (601)
Poulet, E. (709)
Radisson, V. (834)
Raulet, F. (658)
Richer, H. (607)
Ridont, R. (817)
Roussel, L. (659)
Roux, H. (715)
Saint-Michel Rivet (604)
Sallard, H. (794)
Sauson de Sausal (812)
Schneegaus, C. (712)
Senart, J. (661)
Sensever, H. (580)
Senougue, A. (823)
Serant, L. (679)
Seyrat, J. (830)
Shigeno, K. (744)
Soularis, M. (698)
Soyer, H. (671)
Testulat, P. (821)
Thierry de Ville d'Avray (579)
Thoret, J. (708)
Tierch, M. (645)
Tournier, A. (677)
Trescartes, L. (842)
Vallet, C. (734)
Vaudelle, R. (785)
Vandinck, A. (787)
Vandal, P. (598)
Ventre, L. (585)
Vidal Soler, E. (686)
Vogoyeau, A. (755)
Whitehouse, W. (589)
Zens, P. (675)
Zorra, L. (653)

Killed.

1912.

1912

Barillon (307)
Bedell, R.
Bernard, Suzanne
Boerner, Lieut.
Boncour, Lieut.
Bressand, Lieut.
Chanteriers, Lieut.
Dubois, Capt.
Ducourneau, Lieut.
Etienne, Lieut.

Barillon (307)
Bedell, R.
Bernard, Suzanne
Boerner, Lieutenant.
Boncour, Lieutenant.
Bressand, Lieutenant.
Chanteriers, Lieutenant.
Dubois, Captain.
Ducourneau, Lieutenant.
Etienne, Lieutenant.

Faure, Capt.
Lacour
Madiot, Capt. (106)
Maguet, Capt. le
Nieuport, C.
Olivers, G.
Peignan, Lieut. A.
Poutrin, Lieut.
Sevelle, Lieut. H. P.
Thiery de Ville d'Avray, Lieut.
Thomas, Lieut.
Wagner, A.

Faure, Capt.
Lacour
Madiot, Capt. (106)
Maguet, Capt.
Nieuport, C.
Olivers, G.
Peignan, Lt. A.
Poutrin, Lt.
Sevelle, Lt. H. P.
Thiery de Ville d'Avray, Lt.
Thomas, Lt.
Wagner, A.

1913.

Bresson, Lieut.

Lieutenant Bresson

[Pg 79]

FRENCH AEROPLANES.

A

AERIENNE.

L'Aerienne, 25 Quai des Grands Agustins, Paris. Builds to specifications and supplies all parts.

L'Aerienne, 25 Quai des Grands Agustins, Paris. Custom builds and supplies all parts.

ANTOINETTE.

Company has ceased to exist.

Company is no longer operating.

ASTRA.

"Astra" Soc. de Constructions Aéronautiques, (Anciens Etabs. Surcouf) Soc. An'yme 13 Rue Couchat, Billancourt (Seine). Works: 121-123 Rue de Bellevue, Billancourt. Flying grounds: Issy-les-Molineux Villacoublay (S-&-O). This old established balloon and dirigible firm first took up aviation as French agents for the Wrights in 1909. For a time they built Wrights with certain modifications, but by 1912, little save the Wright system of warping remained. Capacity: about 100 machines a year.

"Astra" Soc. de Constructions Aéronautiques, (Formerly Etabs. Surcouf) Anonymous Company 13 Rue Couchat, Billancourt (Seine). Works: 121-123 Rue de Bellevue, Billancourt. Flying grounds: Issy-les-Molineux Villacoublay (S-&O). This long-established balloon and dirigible company first got into aviation as the French representatives for the Wrights in 1909. For a while, they produced Wrights with some changes, but by 1912, the only aspect left of the Wright design was the warping system. Capacity: around 100 machines a year.

		Biplane, type C. 1912-13. Wood.	Military biplane type C.M. 1912-13.Wood	Biplane, Type C. 1913. Wood & steel.	Mil. biplane, type C.M. 1913. Wood & steel.	Hydro-biplane, type C.M. 1913. Wood & steel.
Length	feet (m.)	34 (10.40)	36 (10.97)	34 (10.40)	36 (10.97)	32¾ (10)
Span	feet (m.)	41 (12.50)	40½ (12.32)	41 (12.50)	40½ (12.32)	39½ (12)
Area.	sq. feet (m²)	519 (48.2)	519 (48.2)	519 (48.2)	519 (48.2)	519 (48.2)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	1764 (800)	2365 (1073)	...	1411 (640)	1763 (800)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	882 (400)	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Renault	75 Renault or 75 Chenu	50 Renault	75 Renault	100 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	56 (90)	56 (90)	56 (90)	56 (90)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...

Remarks.—The 1912-13 and 1913 types differ only in the adoption of metal in the 1913 models, which are consequently considerably lighter.

Remarks.—The 1912-13 and 1913 types differ only in that the 1913 models use metal, making them significantly lighter.

General features.—Warping wings. Fixed tail planes with two elevators in rear. Single rudder. Single tractor geared down 1 to 2. Type C carries 85 litres petrol; type C.M., 137 litres.

General features.—Warped wings. Fixed tail wings with two elevators at the back. Single rudder. Single tractor engine geared down 1 to 2. Type C holds 85 liters of petrol; type C.M. holds 137 liters.

Astra. Military "C.M." 1913.

Astra. Hydro-avion, 1913.

[Pg 80]

B

BERTIN.

L. Bertin, 23 rue de Rocroy, Paris. About 1908 Bertin began building helicopters. The machine below was exhibited in the 1913 Paris Salon.

L. Bertin, 23 rue de Rocroy, Paris. Around 1908, Bertin started making helicopters. The machine shown below was displayed at the 1913 Paris Salon.

Bertin. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

		1913. Monoplane. 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	29 (8.80)
Span	feet (m.)	34 (10.40)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	226 (21)
Weight	machine, lbs. (kgs.)	770 (350)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Bertin
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	71 (115)
Number built during 1912		1

Remarks.—Wood and steel construction. On wheels only. Controls: warping and rear elevator.

Remarks.—Wood and steel construction. Only on wheels. Controls: warping and rear elevator.

BESSON.

Marcel Besson, 24 rue Marbeuf, Paris. Capacity: small. Besson first appeared in 1911 with a tail-first mono. In the Paris Salon, 1913, he exhibited an improved machine along similar lines.

Marcel Besson, 24 rue Marbeuf, Paris. Capacity: small. Besson first appeared in 1911 with a tail-first mono. At the Paris Salon in 1913, he showcased an upgraded machine along similar lines.

		1913 Canard 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	22 (6.70)
Span	feet (m.)	44 (13.40)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	323 (30)
Weight	machine, lbs. (kgs.)	730 (331.2)
	useful (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h.(km.)	59 (95)
Number built during 1912		1

Remarks.—All steel construction. On wheels and 2 skids. Control: ailerons and front elevator.[Pg 81]

Remarks.—Entirely made of steel. Equipped with wheels and 2 skids. Control: ailerons and front elevator.[Pg 81]

BLERIOT Monoplanes.

L. Bleriot, "Bleriot-Aeronautique," 39, Route de la Révolte, Paris-Levallois. Flying grounds: Buc Etampes and Pau.

L. Bleriot, "Bleriot-Aeronautique," 39, Route de la Révolte, Paris-Levallois. Flying areas: Buc Etampes and Pau.

L. Bleriot began to experiment in 1906, along Langley lines. By 1909 he was one of the leading French firms; and the first cross Channel flight was made by him.

L. Bleriot started experimenting in 1906, following Langley’s approach. By 1909, he was one of the top French companies, and he completed the first flight across the Channel.

Details of standard types:—

Standard type details:—

		XI bis. 2-seater mono. (1911 onward)	XXI. Military side by side 2-seater mono. 1912.	XXVII. Single seat mono. 1912.	XXVIII. Single seater 1913.	XXVIII. 2-seater. 1913.	Monocoque 2-seater 1913.
Length	feet (m)	27-1/3 (8.40)	27¼ (8.24)	28 (8.50)	25 (7.60)	27 (8.20)	...
Span	feet (m)	36 (11)	36 (11)	29½ (9)	29 (8.80)	32 (9.75)	40 (12.25)
Area	sq. ft. (m².)	349 (33)	268 (25)	129 (12)	162 (15)	215 (20)	270 (25)
Weight	unladen, lbs. (kgs)	...	727 (330)	529 (240)	530 (240)	660 (300)	830 (375)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	286 (129)	550(250)	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	70 Gnome	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	56 (90)	78 (125)	62 (100)	71 (115)	75 (120)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...

Note.—The monos., as usual, are of wood construction; wheels only for landing. Rectangular section bodies. Warping wings, elevator in rear. Chauviere propeller. The monocoque has wood, steel and cork construction. Coque body. Skids to landing chassis. Levasseur propeller. Otherwise as the other monos.

Note.—The monoplane, as usual, is made of wood; wheels are only for landing. It has a rectangular body shape. The wings warp, and there's an elevator in the back. It uses a Chauviere propeller. The monocoque features wood, steel, and cork construction. It has a coque body and skids for the landing gear. It uses a Levasseur propeller. Everything else is like the other monoplanes.

Principal Bleriot flyers are or have been:—Aubrun, Balsan, Bleriot, Busson, Chavez, Cordonnier, Delagrange, Drexel, Efimoff, Gibbs, Hubert, Hamel, Moissant, Paulhan, Prevetau, Prevot, Prier, Radley, Thorup, Tyck, Wienzciers, and many others.

Principal Bleriot flyers include:—Aubrun, Balsan, Bleriot, Busson, Chavez, Cordonnier, Delagrange, Drexel, Efimoff, Gibbs, Hubert, Hamel, Moissant, Paulhan, Prevetau, Prevot, Prier, Radley, Thorup, Tyck, Wienzciers, and many others.

Bleriot XI bis.

1913 type of XI bis. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Bleriot XXVII.

[Pg 82]

General standard type of Bleriot 1912 & 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Special types of Bleriots.—In addition to the standard machines, Bleriot from time to time produces special machines, of which the best known is the Limousine, built for M. Deutsch de la Meurthe, built 1911 and still existing. One or two Canards have also been built, including an armoured military.

Special types of Bleriots.—Along with the standard models, Bleriot occasionally creates special machines, the most famous of which is the Limousine, made for M. Deutsch de la Meurthe in 1911 and still in existence. A couple of Canards have also been produced, including an armored military version.

BLERIOT-LIMOUSINE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Early in 1913 a special experimental military machine was produced with considerable secrecy.

Early in 1913, a special experimental military machine was created with a lot of secrecy.

BLERIOT MILITARY. Special 1913 military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 83]

BOREL.

G. Borel & Cie, 25 rue Brunel, Paris. Established 1910. Capacity: about 25 machines a year.

G. Borel & Cie, 25 rue Brunel, Paris. Established 1910. Capacity: around 25 machines a year.

Model.		1913. Monoplane.	1913. Monocoque Racer.	1913. Hydro-mono. 2-seater.
Length		22 feet (6.70 m.)	19 feet (5.80 m.)	27 feet (8.30 m.)
Span		30 feet (9.15 m.)	26 feet (8.00 m.)	37 feet (11.25 m.)
Area		152 sq. ft. (14 m².)	116 sq. ft. (11 m².)	237 sq. ft. (22 m².)
Weight	total	530 lbs. (240 kgs.)	608 lbs. (276 kgs.)	880 lbs. (399 kgs.)
	useful	287 lbs. (130 kgs.)	...	...
Motor		50 Gnome	80 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	(p.h.)	71 m. (115 km.)	94 m. (150 km.)	62 m. (100 km.)

Note.—The monocoque is of wood and steel construction, the others wood only. The monocoque has coque body, the others ordinary rectangular section. Floats of the hydro as illustrated. For the rest the ordinary mono. is practically on the same lines as the 1912. The racer is somewhat on Deperdussin lines, but the body is built up inside. No fixed tail. The hydro. is an enlarged edition of the mono. Floats display nothing very original, except that a float under tail is interconnected with the rudder, and that the two front floats are fitted for being rowed. Fitted with a self-starter.

Note.—The monocoque is made of wood and steel, while the others are all wood. The monocoque features a coque body, while the others have a standard rectangular shape. The floats for the hydro are shown in the illustration. Otherwise, the ordinary monocoque is pretty much the same as the 1912 model. The racer is somewhat inspired by Deperdussin, but its body is constructed from the inside. There’s no fixed tail. The hydro is a larger version of the monocoque. The floats don’t show anything particularly innovative, except that one float under the tail is linked to the rudder, and the two front floats can be rowed. It comes with a self-starter.

1913 Borel. Hydro-avion. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Hydro-avion.

There is also a Denhaut design, 1913, about the same as a Donnet-Leveque.

There is also a Denhaut design from 1913, which is similar to a Donnet-Leveque.

Borel. Monocoque. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 84]

BREGUET.

Soc. Anonyme des ateliers d'aviation, Louis Breguet, 16 Boulevard Vauban, Donai (Nord). Capacity: about 200 machines a year. Paris office: 25, Boulevard Jules Sandeau. Schools at La Brayelle, pris Douai, Vélisy-Villacoublay, pris Paris.

Soc. Anonyme des ateliers d'aviation, Louis Breguet, 16 Boulevard Vauban, Douai (Nord). Capacity: around 200 machines a year. Paris office: 25, Boulevard Jules Sandeau. Schools in La Brayelle, near Douai, Vélisy-Villacoublay, near Paris.

1913 models.		G2 bis. 2 or 3-seater biplane.	G3. 3-seater biplane.	C-U1. 2-seater biplane.	C-U2. 2-seater biplane.	Aérhydroplane tandem mono. 2-seater, side by side.
Length	feet (m)	33 (10)	29 (8.75)	29 (8.75)	29 (8.75)	29 (8.75)
Span	feet (m)	49 (15)	45 (13.65)	45 (13.65)	45 (13.65)	42 (12.80)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	376 (35)	377 (36)	387 (36)	387 (36)	387 (36)
Weight	empty, lbs. (kgs.)	1323 (600)	1212 (550)	1430 (649)	1160 (522)	1760 (798)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	662 (300)	882 (400)	662 (300)	882 (400)	662 (300)
Motor	h.p.	80 Gnome	100 Gnome	80 Canton Unmé.	110 Canton Unmé.	110 Canton Unmé.
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)	69 (110)	62 (100)	71 (115)	87 (140)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	62 (100)
Endurance	hrs.	3-1/2	4	7	7	7
Number built during 1912		A total of 41 sold	during 1912 for	military purposes.		...

In each case.—

In every instance.

Construction.—All steel.

Construction.—Steel only.

Landing chassis.—C consists of three wheels each protected by skids. The two main wheels, placed on either side of the centre of gravity, are fitted with patent "Oleopneumatic" shock absorbers. The steering wheel and the front skid have a spring suspension.

Landing chassis.—C has three wheels, each shielded by skids. The two main wheels, located on either side of the center of gravity, are equipped with patented "Oleopneumatic" shock absorbers. The steering wheel and the front skid feature spring suspension.

Military machines.—The 1912 sales of these were:—32 to France; 5 British; 3 Italian; 1 Swedish.

Military machines.—The sales in 1912 were:—32 to France; 5 to Britain; 3 to Italy; 1 to Sweden.

Steering.—The patented control system consists of a wheel mounted on a pivoted lever. The backward and forward movement of the entire system operates the elevator: the sideway movement warps the rear edge of the upper wings, and the rotation of the wheel steers the machine. The latter operation also governs the front wheel of the landing chassis, so that when on the ground the machine can be steered like a motor car.

Steering.—The patented control system includes a wheel attached to a pivoted lever. The forward and backward movement of the whole system operates the elevator; the sideways movement changes the shape of the rear edge of the upper wings, and turning the wheel steers the machine. This action also controls the front wheel of the landing gear, allowing the machine to be steered like a car when on the ground.

Portability.—The main planes can be folded alongside of the fuselage. The machine can then be towed on any ordinary road, or be housed in places such as farm buildings, stables, &c.

Portability.—The main wings can be folded against the body of the aircraft. The machine can then be towed on any regular road or stored in places like farm buildings, stables, etc.

Aerhydroplane, 1913-14.

BREGUET. Hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 85]

BREGUET. Biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

BRÉGUET. 1912-13, G3 type 3-seater military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 86]

C

CAUDRON.

Caudron Fréres, Rue (Somme). Schools: Crotoy and Juvissy. Capacity: about 100-250 a year.

Caudron Fréres, Rue (Somme). Schools: Crotoy and Juvissy. Capacity: around 100-250 students per year.

Model and Date.		M2 1912-13 mono.	N. 1912-13 mono.	G.D. 1912-13 mono.	1913 mono.	B. 1912-13 biplane.	E. 1912-13 biplane.	Monaco type, 1912 hydro-biplane.	1913 hydro-biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	20 (6.10)	19-3/4 (6)	22 (6.75)	19-1/4 (5.80)	26-1/4 (8)	23-1/2 (7.15)	22 (6.75)	32-3/4 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	31 (9.40)	26-1/3 (8)	34 (10.30)	27-1/3 (8.50)	32-3/4 (10)	35-1/2 (10.80)	33 (10.10)	46 (14)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	151 (14)	108 (10)	268 (25)	118 (11)	431 (40)	301 (28)	268 (25)	376 (35)
Weight	machine, lbs. (kgs.)	518 (235)	496 (225)	386 (175)	490 (225)	683 (310)	640 (295)	772 (350)	882 (400)
Motor	h.p.	50 Anzani or Gnome	50 Anzani	Anzani or Gnome	50 Gnome.	Anzani or Gnome	Gnome	Gnome	70 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	71 (115)	84 (135)	75 (120)	84	56 (90)	56 (90)	50 (80)	50 (80)
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Notes.--Lateral control, warping. Wood construction. On wheels. Enclosed body.								Lateral control, warping. Wood construction. On wheels as well as floats. (Special Caudron patent.)

1912 hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 87]

CAUDRON. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

1913 hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

CAUDRON. Mono. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale

CLEMENT-BAYARD.

Usines Clement-Bayard, 33 quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine).

		1913. Military 3-seater biplane.	1913. Military single seater monoplane.
Length	feet (m)	37 (11.20)	24-2/3 (7.50)
Span	upper feet (m)	52 (16)	30 (9.20)
	lower feet (m)	36 (11)	...
Area	sq. feet (m².)	533 (50)	172 (16)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	2425 (1100)	1146 (520)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	1014 (460)	441 (200)
Motor	h.p.	100 Gnome	70 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	53 (85)	75 (120)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...

Notes.—Control: lateral, warping.[Pg 88]

Notes.—Control: lateral, distortion.[Pg 88]

D

D'ARTOIS.

Soc. Anonyme des Anciens Chantiers Tellier, Longuenesse, pres St. Omer. Re-established 1912. Capacity: small.

Soc. Anonyme des Anciens Chantiers Tellier, Longuenesse, near St. Omer. Re-established 1912. Capacity: small.

Model and date.		1913 model. "Aero torpille" hydro-biplane.	1913 "Aero torpille" biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	23 (7)	24-3/4 (7.50)
Span	feet (m.)	36 (11)	36 (11)
		20 (6)	20 (6)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	280 (26)	280 (26)
Weight	empty, lbs. (kgs.)	772 (350)	551 (250)
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	50 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	84 (135)
Endurance	hrs.	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...

Notes.—Single long boat body, canoe-shape.

Notes.—Single long boat, canoe-shaped.

By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 89]

DEPERDUSSIN. Armand Deperdussin, 19 rue des Entrepreneurs, Paris. School: Courey-Betheny (Marne). Established 1910. Capacity: about 150-200 machines a year.

		E 1912-13. school mono.	P 1912-13. single seater mono.	T 1912-13. 2-seater mono.	H 1912-13. 3-seater mono.	Monocoque 1913. 2-seater.	Mono. 1913. 2-seater.
Length	feet (m)	24 (7.30)	24 (7.30)	24 (7.30)	29 (8.80)	19 (5.75)	...
Span	feet (m)	29 (8.85)	28 (8.50)	35 (10.65)	41 (12.50)	29-1/2 (8.95)	36 (11)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	162 (15)	...	310 (28)	97 (9)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	782 (355)	1212 (550)	2050 (930)	882 (400)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	30 Anzani	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	100 Gnome	50 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	50 (80)	69 (110)	65 (105)	69 (110)	113 (180)	105 (170)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	81 (130)	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		2	5	27	3	2	1

Notes.—Wood construction. Lateral control by warping. Mounted on wheels without skids. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

Notes.—Wood building. Side support by bending. Equipped with wheels, no skids. Material: "Aviator" Ramie.

Principal Deperdussin records: 1912 Gordon Bennett (Vedrines) and a number of world records for speed and distance.

Principal Deperdussin notes: 1912 Gordon Bennett (Vedrines) along with several world records for speed and distance.

Principal pilots include: Busson, Prévost, Vedrines, Vidart.

50 h.p. monocoque.

DEPERDUSSIN. 80 h.p. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

The 80 h.p. mounted on floats as a hydro.

[Pg 90]

DONNET-LEVEQUE.

		A 1912. 2-seater hydro-biplane	B 1912. 2-seater hydro-biplane	C 1912. 3-seater hydro-biplane	1913. 2-seater hydro-biplane
Length	feet (m)	26 (7.80)	27 (8.30)	27 (8.30)	34-1/2 (10.50)
Span	feet (m)	29-1/2 (9)	32-3/4 (10)	34-1/2 (10.50)	29-1/2 (9)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	194 (18)	215 (20)	237 (22)	194 (18)
Weight	lbs. (kgs.)	683 (310)	772 (350)	888 (380)	888 (380)
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	70 Gnome	80 Gnome	50 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)	75 (120)	...	50 (80)
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...

Notes.—Lateral control by warping ailerons. Motor in gap just below upper plane: propeller in rear, direct driven. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

Notes.—Side control using warping ailerons. Engine in the space just below the upper wing: propeller at the back, directly driven. Material: "Aviator" Ramie.

Floats.—One large central boat 27 feet (8.20 m.) long—two small ones at each extremity of lower plane.

Floats.—One large central boat 27 feet (8.20 m.) long—two small ones at each end of the lower plane.

By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.

Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 91]

DOUTRE.

Soc. Anonyme Doutre, 58, rue Talbot, Paris.

Soc. Anonyme Doutre, 58 Talbot Street, Paris.

Type.		Biplane 3-seater, 1912-13.	Biplane 2-seater, 1912-13.
Length	feet (m.)	40 (12.25)	...
Span	feet (m.)	53 (16.10)	...
		43 (13)	...
Area	sq. feet (m².)	533 (50)	...
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	1323 (600)	1323 (600)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	992 (450)	992 (450)
Motor	h.p.	70 Renault	50 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h (km.)	56 (90)	56 (90)
Number built during 1912		1	?

Notes.—Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie. Both types fitted with the Doutre patent stabiliser, which automatically and instantaneously counteracts troubles due to sudden gusts or partial motor failures. Weight of the 1913 model stabiliser is only 44 lbs. (20 kgs.)

Notes.—Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie. Both types are equipped with the Doutre patent stabilizer, which automatically and instantly counters issues caused by sudden gusts or partial motor failures. The weight of the 1913 model stabilizer is only 44 lbs. (20 kgs.)

Model 1913 stabiliser.

DOUTRE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 92]

F

FARMAN.

Henry and Maurice Farman, 167, Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine) Aerodromes: Buc, pres Versailles and Etampes. Depots: Camp de Chalons—Reims. Established by H. Farman in 1908. M. Farman established works a little later. In 1912 the two brothers combined. The present works were opened in January, 1912, and had an output capacity of at least 300 machines a year in March, 1913.

Henry and Maurice Farman, 167, Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine) Aerodromes: Buc, near Versailles and Etampes. Depots: Camp de Chalons—Reims. Founded by H. Farman in 1908. M. Farman set up operations shortly after. In 1912, the two brothers came together. The current facility opened in January 1912, with a production capacity of at least 300 machines per year as of March 1913.

		H. Farman. Military. 2 or 3-seater. 1912-13. Biplane.	H. Farman. Single-seater. Military. 1913. Biplane.	H. Farman. 2-seater monoplane.	H. Farman. 2-seater special hydro-biplane. 1913.	M. Farman. Military biplane.	M. Farman. Big military biplane.	M. Farman. Staggered biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	24 (7.35)	24-1/2 (7.50)	26 (7.90)	39-1/3 (12)	46 (14)	39 (11.90)
Span	feet (m.)	42-3/4 (13.25)	31-1/8 (9.50)	32-3/4 (10)	45 (13.70)	50-3/4 (15.50)	65-3/4 (20)	36 (11)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	376 (35)	161 (15)	204 (19)	344 (32)	646 (60)	861 (80)	323 (30)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	793 (360)	640 (295)	628 (285)	950 (431)	1102 (500)	1433 (650)	882 (400)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	386 (175)	...	...	617 (280)	882 (400)	551 (250)
Motor	h.p.	70-80 Gnome	70-80 Gnome	Designed for Gnomes from 40 up to 160 h.p.	50 Gnome	70 Renault	70 Renault	70 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km)	65 (105)	71 (15)	...	52 (100)	56 (90)	44 (70)	69 (110)
	min. m.p.h. (km)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	3	...	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...	...

Remarks.—The whole of the above can easily be converted into hydro-avions—two long narrow floats without steps. H. Farmans are of wood and steel construction; M. Farman, wood. In all 1913 biplanes the ailerons are inter-connected. All 1913 machines designed to carry one or in some cases two mitrailleuse, and special attention is paid to facility for taking down for transport and re-assembling. The 1911-12 H. Farmans had elevators forward, were a good deal longer, and had more surface than 1913 models. Ailerons not inter-connected. The M. Farmans generally as now, except that all planes, etc., had rounded edges. On September 11th, 1912, Foury, in an M. Farman military, made world's endurance record to date, 13 hrs. 22 min., covering 631 miles (1,017 km.) All models of this type, also the "big military," are fitted with the Doutre stabiliser. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

Remarks.—All of the above can easily be converted into seaplanes—two long narrow floats without steps. H. Farmans are built from wood and steel; M. Farman is made of wood. In all 1913 biplanes, the ailerons are interconnected. All 1913 models are designed to carry one or, in some cases, two machine guns, and special attention is given to how easily they can be disassembled for transport and reassembled. The 1911-12 H. Farmans had elevators at the front, were significantly longer, and had more surface area than the 1913 models. The ailerons were not interconnected. The M. Farmans are generally the same as they are now, except that all surfaces had rounded edges. On September 11th, 1912, Foury, flying a military M. Farman, set the world's endurance record at that time, flying for 13 hours and 22 minutes and covering 631 miles (1,017 km). All models of this type, including the "big military," are equipped with the Doutre stabilizer. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

Latest Hydro.—In March, 1913, a new hydro was produced experimentally. There is a boat body, without steps, carrying the motor which is chain connected with the propeller. Machine is fitted with wheels and skids as well.[Pg 93]

Latest Hydro.—In March 1913, a new hydro was produced experimentally. It features a boat body without steps, carrying a motor that is chain-connected to the propeller. The machine is also equipped with wheels and skids.[Pg 93]

H. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane.

H. Farman. 1913 latest type military biplane.

M. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane.

M. Farman. 1912-13 staggered biplane. This is the type which has done best as a hydro-aeroplane.

[Pg 94]

G

GOUPY.

A. Goupy, 50, Avenue Marceau, Paris. School: Juvissy (Port Aviation). Capacity: about 30 machines a year.

A. Goupy, 50 Avenue Marceau, Paris. School: Juvissy (Port Aviation). Capacity: about 30 machines per year.

Model and date.		1913 A. Staggered biplane.	1913 B. Staggered biplane.	1913. Hydro-staggered biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	25 (7.50)	26-1/4 (8)	33 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	42-3/4 (13)	42 (12.70)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	...	...	480 (45)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	992 (450)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	661 (300)
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	80 or 100 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)	75 (120)	75 (120)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	12	1

Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

Goupy. Hydro. From "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Gooey. Hydro. From "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Goupy. Hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Gooey. Hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 95]

H

HANRIOT.

Aeroplanes Hanriot & Cie., 145 rue de Neufchatel, Reims. Paris office: 69 boulevard Berthier, Paris. School: Antibes, Reims.

1913 models. Monoplanes.		D I. Single seater.	D II. 2 or 3-seater.	D III. Racer.	D IV. Steel.	D VII.
Length	feet (m.)	23 (7)	26-1/3 (8)	21-3/4 (6.65)	23 (7)	23 (7)
Span	feet (m.)	28-1/3 (8.70)	42-3/4 (13)	24 (7.30)	28-1/3 (8.65)	36 (10.95)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	161 (15)	226 (21)	91 (8.50)	161 (15)	194 (18)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	937 (425)	661 (300)	661 (300)	771 (350)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	616 (280)	...	396 (180)	364 (165)
Motor	h.p.	50 Anzani	100 Gnome	100 Gnome	50 R. Peugeot	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)	78 (125)	106 (170)	71 (115)	71 (115)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...

Notes.—There are also two school types 35 and 45 h.p. Records include 1912 world record for speed with passengers.

Notes.—There are also two school types: 35 and 45 h.p. Records include the 1912 world record for speed with passengers.

None of the above machines represent any very particular divergence from recognised Hanriot practice. D IV is all steel construction, the others wood and steel.

None of the above machines show any significant deviation from known Hanriot practices. D IV is made entirely of steel, while the others are a mix of wood and steel.

Hanriot

[Pg 96]

M

MORANE-SAULNIER.

Soc. de constructions aéronautiques, Morane-Saulnier. 206 Boulevard Pereire. Capital: 1,500,000 francs. School: Villacoublay. Output capacity: about 50 machines a year.

Soc. de constructions aéronautiques, Morane-Saulnier. 206 Boulevard Pereire. Capital: 1,500,000 francs. School: Villacoublay. Output capacity: around 50 aircraft per year.

		Military, 1913.	2 places. Tandem.
Length	feet (m.)	21 (6.38)	21 (6.38)
Span	feet (m.)	30-1/5 (9.20)	33-1/2 (10.20)
Surface	sq. feet (m².)	151 (14)	172 (16)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	595 (270)	617 (280)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	50 h.p.	80 h.p.
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	75 (120)	75 (120)
Number built during 1912		...	...

In each case body is of rectangular section, wood, mounted on wheels only, except for the military type which has skids also. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

In each case, the body has a rectangular shape, is made of wood, and is mounted only on wheels, except for the military type which also has skids. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.

In all there is a rear elevator and a Chauvière tractor.

In total, there’s a back elevator and a Chauvière tractor.

Note.—Flown in the European Circuit, 1911, by Vedrines, Gajet, Lesire, Morisson, Verept, Frey, Garnier and Dalgier.

Morane-Saulnier

1913. 100 h.p. Gnome engined.

[Pg 97]

MOREAU.

Moreau fréres, Combs-la-Ville.

Moreau Brothers, Combs-la-Ville.

Model and date.		1913. 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.50)
Span	feet (m.)	39-1/3 (12)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	258 (24)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	992 (450)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		2

Notes.—Fitted with a special stabilising device.

Notes.—Equipped with a special stabilization device.

MOREAU. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 98]

N

NIEUPORT.

Etablissements Nieuport, 9 rue de Seine, Suresnes (Seine). Established 1910 by the late Edouard Nieuport. Approximate capacity of works: about 100 machines a year. Chief designer during 1911 was Pagny, who has now joined the Hanriot firm.

Etablissements Nieuport, 9 rue de Seine, Suresnes (Seine). Established in 1910 by the late Edouard Nieuport. Approximate production capacity: around 100 machines a year. The main designer in 1911 was Pagny, who has since joined the Hanriot company.

Model and date. Monoplanes.		II N, 1912.	II G, 1912.	IV G, 1912-13. 2-seater.	IV M, 1912-13. 3-seater.	1913. 2-seater.	1913. 1-seater.	1913. 1-seater.	1913. Hydro 3-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	23-2/3 (7.20)	23-2/3 (7.20)	25-2/3 (7.80)	25-2/3 (7.80)	26-1/4 (8)	21-3/4 (6.60)	23 (7)	29 (8.80)
Span	feet (m.)	28-1/3 (8.65)	28-1/3 (8.65)	36 (10.90)	39-1/3 (12.10)	36 (11)	28-1/3 (8.70)	27-2/3 (8.40)	40 (12.20)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	...	...	...	231 (21-1/2)	140 (13)	156 (14-1/2)	242 (22-1/2)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	529 (240)	683 (310)	771 (350)	1058 (480)	771 (350)	573 (260)	573 (260)	1230 (558)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	30 Nieuport	Gnome	Gnome	Gnome	Gnome	50 Gnome	30 Nieuport	100 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	75 (120)	87 (140)	72 (117)	72 (117)	69 (110)	78 (125)	69 (110)	72 (117)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	75 (120)	69 (110)	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...

Notes.—Early types had a Hanriot style landing carriage; the 1913 models revert to a Bleriot type. Warping wings. Fuselage entirely enclosed, rectilineal with rounded nose.

Notes.—Early models had a Hanriot style landing gear; the 1913 versions switch back to a Bleriot type. Wing warping. The fuselage is fully enclosed, straight-lined with a rounded nose.

Nieuport. Hydro. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 99]

P

PAULHAN-CURTISS.

Soc. anonyme d'aviation Paulhan, (S.A.P.) 71 boulevard Berthier, Paris. Flying ground: Bois d'Arcy par St. Ayr (S. et O.) Hydro school: Juan-les-Pins, par Antibes (Alpes Maritimes).

Soc. anonyme d'aviation Paulhan, (S.A.P.) 71 Boulevard Berthier, Paris. Flight area: Bois d'Arcy near St. Ayr (S. and O.) Hydro school: Juan-les-Pins, near Antibes (Alpes Maritimes).

Founded by the well-known aviator, L. Paulhan. He first produced biplanes, then triplanes and finally a monoplane type, the Tatin-Paulhan (1911). These are now all abandoned, and the firm devotes itself to building hydro-aeroplanes under Curtiss (U.S.A.) license. Principal type built are:—

Founded by the famous aviator, L. Paulhan. He initially created biplanes, then triplanes, and eventually a monoplane type, the Tatin-Paulhan (1911). These are now all out of use, and the company now focuses on building hydro-aeroplanes under Curtiss (U.S.A.) license. The main type produced is:—

Model and date. Biplanes.		Flying boat. Single-seater.	Flying boat. 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	...	27 (8.30)
Span	feet (m.)	35-1/2 (10.80)	37 (11.30)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	290 (26-3/4)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	...	948 (430)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	75 Curtiss	85 Curtiss
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Number built during 1912		2	8

PISCHOFF.

Établissements Autoplan, 4 rue Beranger, Boulogne sur Seine (Seine).

Établissements Autoplan, 4 Beranger Street, Boulogne sur Seine (Seine).

This firm has produced various types in the past, but at present, appears confined to constructing to specifications (See Pischoff-Werner last edition).

This company has made different types before, but right now, it seems limited to building according to specifications (See Pischoff-Werner last edition).

Paulhan-Curtiss. Flying boat.

[Pg 100]

R

R.E.P.

Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Billancourt. School: Bue. One of the earliest established French firms. The first to go in for steel construction. Reported to have amalgamated with Breguet in 1912, but this fell through.

Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Billancourt. School: Bue. One of the first established French companies. The first to adopt steel construction. It was reported that they merged with Breguet in 1912, but that plan fell apart.

Model. Steel monoplanes.		1912. 1-seater.	1912. 2-seater.	1912. Military. 3-seater.	1913. 2-seater.	1913. Hydro-mono. 2-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	25-1/3 (7.70)	25-1/3 (7.70)	25-1/3 (7.70)	23 (7)	25 (7.50)
Span	feet (m.)	35 (10.70)	38-1/3 (11.70)	38-1/3 (11.70)	36 (11)	38-1/4 (11.60)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	215 (20)	237 (22)	323 (30)	237 (22)	323 (20)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	882 (400)	661 (300)	882 (400)	595 (270)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	make and h.p.	60 Rep.	66 Rep.	90 Rep.	95 Rep.	80 Rep.
Speed	max. mph. (km.)	69 (110)	69 (110)	69 (110)	78 (125)	78 (125)
	min. mph. (km.)	...	...	...	62 (100)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...

Remarks:—Steel construction. Pentagonal and triangular body. Mounted on wheels and skids. The hydro is on one very large central float.

Remarks:—Steel construction. Five-sided and triangular shape. Equipped with wheels and skids. The hydro is placed on one large central float.

Flight. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 101]

S

SANCHEZ BESA.

2 avenue de Villiers, Paris.

2 Avenue de Villiers, Paris.

Model and date.		1912. Hydro-biplane.	1912. Hydro-biplane.	1913. Hydro-biplane. (amphibious)
Length	feet (m.)	34 (10.40)	...	32-3/4 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	54 (16.40)	55-3/4 (17)	54-3/4 (16.60)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	646 (60)	...	646 (60)
Weight	àvide lbs. (kgs.)	1984 (900)	...	1102 (500)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Renault	70 Renault	70 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	...	50 (80)
Endurance	hrs.	5	5	6
Number built during 1912		3	1	1

Notes.—Wood and steel construction.

Notes.—Wood and steel build.

Controls.—Ailerons and rear elevators. Floats: The first has two and the second three floats. The 1913 model has a single boat body mounted on wheels.

Controls.—Ailerons and rear elevators. Floats: The first has two and the second three floats. The 1913 model has a single hull mounted on wheels.

1913 hydro.

[Pg 102]

SAVARY.

Soc. anonyme des aeroplanes. Robert Savary, 31 rue Dunois, Paris. School: Chartres. Output capacity: 100 to 150 machines a year.

Soc. anonyme des avions. Robert Savary, 31 rue Dunois, Paris. École: Chartres. Production capacity: 100 to 150 aircraft per year.

Model and date.		1912. Biplane.	1912. Military (3-seater.)	1913. Biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	36 (11)	33-1/2 (10.15)	38-1/2 (11.70)
Span	feet (m.)	46 (14)	49 (14.90)	49-1/4 (15)
		33 (10)	37 (11.20)	33 (10)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	510 (48)	533 (50)	550 (52)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	1132 (600)	...	1132 (600)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	various	70 Labor	75 Renault(Gnome or Labor)
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	...	59 (96)
	min m.p.h. (km.)	50 (80)	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	47	...

Notes.—Wood and steel construction. Control: ailerons and rear elevator. Landing gear: wheels and skids. Special features: There are 4 rudders in the gap, and 2 tractors, chain driven. Aeroplatte fabric.

SAVARY. 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 103]

SLOAN. "Bicurve."

Sloan & Cie, 17 rue de Louvre, Paris. Works: 9 rue Victor Hugo, Charenton. Flying ground: Port Aviation. Output capacity: small.

Model and date.		1912.	1913.
Length	feet (m.)	31-1/3 (9.50)	29 (8.70)
Span	feet (m.)	42-3/4 (13)	42-1/2 (12.90)
Area	sq. feet (m²)	527 (49)	473 (44)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	1100 (500)	662 (300)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Gnome	120 Laviator
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	59 (95)	65 (105)
Number built during 1912		...	...

Notes.—Wood construction. Wheels and skids landing gear. Control: ailerons and rear elevator.

Notes.—Wood construction. Wheels and skid landing gear. Control: ailerons and rear elevator.

Sloan.

[Pg 104]

SOMMER.

Ateliers Roger Sommer, Mouzon, Ardennes. Flying grounds: Douzy, Mourmelon, Vidammé.

Ateliers Roger Sommer, Mouzon, Ardennes. Airfields: Douzy, Mourmelon, Vidammé.

		Monoplanes.		Biplanes.
Model and date.		E 1912.	1913.	K 1912. Single seater.	R 1912. 2 or 3-seater	S 1912.	L 1912.	R3 1913. 2 or 3-seater
Length	feet (m.)	22 (6.70)	23 (7)	39-1/4 (12)	36 (11)	31 (9.50)	29-1/2 (9)	38-2/3 (11.70)
Span	feet (m.)	28-1/2 (8.70)	26-1/4 (8)	39-1/4 (12)	51 (15.50)	42 (12.80)	39-1/4 (12)	46 (14)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	172 (16)	172 (16)	215 (20)	533 (50)	350 (32)	...	575 (54)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	595 (270)	617 (280)	617 (280)	992 (450)	597 (275)	639 (290)	882 (400)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Anzani or Gnome	50 Gnome	Various	Various	Various	Various	70 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	84 (135)	84 (135)	61 (98)	50 (80)	57 (92)	56 (90)	56 (90)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	67 (108)	65 (105)	53 (85)	...	53 (84)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	4	4	...	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Wood and steel construction. Landing: carriage wheels. Control: warping and rear elevator. Rectangular body.				Wood and steel construction. Landing: wheels and skids. Control: ailerons and front rear elevator.

SOMMER. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 105]

T

TRAIN.

E. Train, Buoy, Camp de Chalons (Marne).

Model and date. Monoplanes.		1-seater.	2-seater.	Hydro-mono.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	26-1/4 (8)	26-1/4 (8)
Span	feet (m.)	30-3/4 (9.30)	35 (10.66)	42-1/2 (12.94)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	172 (16)	215 (20)	...
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	573 (260)	617 (280)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	30/60 Anzani	70 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	59 (95)	65 (105)	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	47 (75)	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...

Notes.—Steel construction. Landing: carriage wheels and skids. Control: warping and rear elevator. The hydro has one very large float which extends a considerable distance ahead of the tractor.

Notes.—Steel construction. Landing: carriage wheels and skids. Control: warping and rear elevator. The hydro has one very large float that extends significantly in front of the tractor.

TRAIN. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

TUBAVION.

Ponche & Primaud, Long.

Model and date.		Monoplane. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	29 (8.85)
Span	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	194 (18)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	772 (350)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	65 (105)
Number built during 1912		1

Notes.—Tubular steel construction. Landing: wheels and 2 very long skids. Propeller: amidships.

Notes.—Tubular steel construction. Landing: wheels and 2 very long skids. Propeller: in the middle.

TUBAVION. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 106]

V

VINET.

Gaston Vinet, 41-47 quai de Seine, Courbevoie: also 2-8 rue Larnac. Established for automobile work, 1893. Aeroplane output capacity: small.

Gaston Vinet, 41-47 quai de Seine, Courbevoie: also 2-8 rue Larnac. Established for automobile work, 1893. Airplane production capacity: small.

Model and date.		Type D 1912 mono.	1913. Mono.
Length	feet (m.)	21-1/2 (6.60)	21 (6.40)
Span	feet (m.)	28-1/2 (8.60)	28 (8.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	162 (15)	162 (15)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	550 (250)	440 (200)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	50 Gnome
Speed	max m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	60 (95)
Number built during 1912		6	...

Notes.—Wood construction. Landing wheels and skids. Control: warping and rear elevator. Rectangular body. The two types are practically identical.

VINET. Type D. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 107]

VOISIN.

Voisin Aéroplanes, Boulevard Gambetta, Issy le Molineux, (Seine). School: Mourmelon. Capital 1,000,000 francs. The oldest aeroplane firm in the world, founded by the Brothers Voisin in 1905. (See past editions).

Voisin Aéroplanes, Boulevard Gambetta, Issy le Molineux, (Seine). School: Mourmelon. Capital 1,000,000 francs. The oldest airplane company in the world, founded by the Voisin Brothers in 1905. (See past editions).

Latest models are:

Model and date.		Military biplane. Model 1912.	Hydro-biplane. Model 1912.	Military biplane. Model 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	37-3/4 (11.50)	36 (11)	32-3/4 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	55-3/4 (17)	43-1/4 (13.50)	45-1/3 (13.80)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	387 (36)	376 (35)	398 (37)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1367 (620)	1212 (550)	1102 (500)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	772 (350)	661 (300)	794 (360)
Motor	h.p.	70 Renault	100 Gnome	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)	62 (100)	65 (105)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		47	8	...

Canard with floats. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.

[Pg 108]

Z

ZODIAC.

Société Zodiac, 10 route du Havre, Puteaux pres Paris (Seine). Aero park: St. Cyr l'Ecole pres Versailles. Established 1896. Capital 850,000 francs.

Société Zodiac, 10 route du Havre, Puteaux near Paris (Seine). Aero park: St. Cyr l'Ecole near Versailles. Established 1896. Capital 850,000 francs.

Model and date.		S2. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	38-3/4 (11.75)
Span	feet (m.)	49 (15)
	feet (m.)	36 (11)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	350 (32)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	1010 (460)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	551 (250)
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	59 (95)
Number built during 1912		...

Notes.—Wood construction. Control: Ailerons and 1 rear elevator. Upper planes staggered 30 in advance of lower. Quadrilateral fuselage. Piloted passenger side by side. Landing carriage: 2 wheels and 1 skid. Aeroplatte fabric.

Notes.—Wooden construction. Control: Ailerons and 1 rear elevator. The upper wings are staggered 30 inches in front of the lower ones. Quadrilateral fuselage. Piloted passenger seating side by side. Landing gear: 2 wheels and 1 skid. Aeroplatte fabric.

The 1912 model was practically the same.

The 1912 model was almost identical.

ZODIAC. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 109]

FRENCH DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

Date.	Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	H.P.	Speed. m.p.h. (K)
1909	LIBERTÉ	Lebaudy	s.r.	4800	120	28 (45)
1910	COL. RENARD	Astra	n.r.	4100	100	30 (50)
1911	ADJUTANT REAU	Astra 10	n.r.	8950	220	32 (53)
"	LIEUT. CHAURE	Astra 11	n.r.	8950	220	32 (53)
"	ADJ. VINCENNOT	C. Bayard 4	n.r.	7500	75	29 (48)
"	SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP	Lebaudy	s.r.	8000	75	30 (50)
"	CAPT. MARÉCHAL	Lebaudy	s.r.	7500	160
"	LE TEMPS	Zodiac 9	n.r.	2500	75	29 (48)
"	CAPT. FERBER	Zodiac 10	n.r.	6000	180	33 (54)
"	COMDT. COUTELLE	Zodiac 11	n.r.	9000	380	37 (60)
1912	SPIESS	Zodiac 12	r.	11000	400	40 (65)
"	FLEURUS	C. Bayard 5	n.r.	6500	150	36 (58)
"	ECLAIREUR CONTÉ	Astra 12	n.r.	6640	75	28 (46)
"	DUPUY DE LÔME	C. Bayard 6	n.r.	9700	244	35-1/2 (58)
Building	A	Astra	?
	B	C. Bayard 7	?
	C	Lebaudy	?	17000	1000	43-1/2 (70)
	D	Zodiac 13	?
			?
Pro.	7 new 20,000 c.m.		?

Military sheds at Belfert, Epinal, Maubenge, Reims, Toul, Verdun (2).—Total 7.

During the year 1912 the principal work done was as follows:—

During the year 1912, the main work completed was as follows:—

Name.	Hours out.	Distance travelled. m. (km.)	Gas used. m³
C. Ferber	152	3540 (5900)	45,500
Adj. Reau	105-1/2	2310 (3845)	81,000
Dupuy de Lôme	100	2655 (4424)	66,500
Adj. Vincennot	55	1340 (2235)	50,000
Le Temps	23	440 (700)	9,000
Fleurus	3-3/4	100 (159)	19,000

Army Dirigible Pilots.

Airault, F.
Balny D'Avricourt
Baudry, A.
Bayard de Mendoca
Clerget, P.

Cohen, A.
Herbster, M.
Hirschaner, Col.
Juchmès, G.
Mugnier, Capt.

Noe, Martial
Périssé, Y.
Renard, Col. P.
Roussel, A.
Schelcher, A.

Note.—There are no dirigibles attached to the Navy.

Note.—There are no airships in the Navy.

Private.

Date.	Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	H.P.	Speed. m.p.h. (k.p.h.)
1909	ASTRA	Astra 7	n.r.	4475	100	27 (43)
1909	ZODIAC III	Zodiac 3	n.r.	1400	40	28 (45)
1911	ASTRA TORRES	Astra	n.r.	1930	55	34 (56)
1912	TRANSAERIENNE II	Astra 13	n.r.	9000	350	34 (56)

Private sheds at Chalons-s-Marre, Issy (2), Lamotte-Breuil, Meaux, Melun, Mousson, Reims, Pau, St. Cyr (2).—Total 11.

32 sheds are building or projected by the National Aviation Committee.

32 sheds are being built or planned by the National Aviation Committee.

Private Dirigible Pilots.

Private Airship Pilots.

Capazza, Louis
Godart, Louis
Julliott, Henri

Kapferer, Henri
La Vaulx (de) Compte

Santo-Dumont, Albert
Surcouf, Edward

[Pg 110]

ASTRA CLASS.

Astra Societe de Constructions Aeronautique, 13, Rue Couchot, and 121, Rue de Bellevue, Billancourt.

Astra Société de Constructions Aéronautiques, 13 Rue Couchot, and 121 Rue de Bellevue, Billancourt.

This Society was founded by Surcouf for the production of ordinary balloons. The first dirigible work was building part of the old Lebaudy in 1903, followed in 1906 by the Ville de Paris. The total number of dirigibles of this type completed by the end of 1912 stood at 14, one very large dirigible in hand for the French Army, and one small one for the British Navy, and another for the Russian Army.

This Society was established by Surcouf to produce regular balloons. The first dirigible project involved constructing part of the old Lebaudy in 1903, followed by the Ville de Paris in 1906. By the end of 1912, a total of 14 dirigibles of this type had been completed, including one very large dirigible for the French Army, one smaller one for the British Navy, and another for the Russian Army.

Owing to changes in names, or owing to two names getting supplied to one ship, confusion frequently exists as to the names of the Astra dirigibles. The correct list is as follows:—

Due to changes in names or because two names are assigned to one ship, there's often confusion about the names of the Astra dirigibles. The correct list is as follows:—

1.	*Part of the LEBAUDY*	1903
2.	*VILLE DE PARIS*	1906
3.	*VILLE DE BORDEAUX*	1908
4.	*VILLE DE NANCY*	1909
5.	*Russian Military dirigible, KOMMISSIONNY,* originally known as *CLEMENT-BAYARD I*	1909
6.	*COLONEL RENARD*	1909
7.	*ASTRA-TRANSAERIENNE-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE [C]*	1909
8.	*ESPANA (Spanish Military)*	1909
9.	*VILLE DE BRUXELLES*	1910
10.	*LIEUT. CHAURE (French Military)*	1911
11.	*ADJUTANT RÉAU (French Military)*	1911
12.	*ECLAIREUR CONTÉ (French Military)*	1912
13.	*TRANSAERIENNE II*	1912
14.	*ASTRA-TORRES I*	1911

[C] This ship has frequently figured as four different dirigibles.

[C] This ship has often been identified as four different airships.

The general features of the Astra class are: Non-rigid, weights distributed by means of a long girder hung under the gas bags, a long nacelle, and inflated stabilising shapes at the rear end of the balloon.

The main features of the Astra class are: non-rigid design, weights distributed using a long girder suspended beneath the gas bags, a long nacelle, and inflated stabilizing shapes at the back of the balloon.

The Astra-Torres type are also non-rigid, but of trefoil section with a short nacelle.

The Astra-Torres type is also non-rigid, but has a trefoil cross-section with a short nacelle.

The Compagnie Generale Transaerienne was first established in 1909 with Transaerienne I, and during the summers 1909, 1910 and 1911, this ship made a total of 273 ascents, carried 2590 passengers, and voyaged 7990 kilometres.

The Compagnie Generale Transaerienne was founded in 1909 with Transaerienne I, and during the summers of 1909, 1910, and 1911, this ship made 273 trips, carried 2,590 passengers, and traveled 7,990 kilometers.

The Astra firm has dirigible hangers at Issy, Pau, Meaux, and Reims. Its constructional capacity is sufficient to build six dirigibles at any one time.[Pg 111]

The Astra company has airship hangars in Issy, Pau, Meaux, and Reims. Its construction capacity is enough to build six airships at once.[Pg 111]

FRENCH DIRIGIBLES

"ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE" (1909).

Maximum length, 197 feet (60 m.) maximum diameter, 40 feet (12.20 m.) volume, 158,000 c. feet (4,475 m³.)

Maximum length, 197 feet (60 m.) maximum diameter, 40 feet (12.20 m.) volume, 158,000 cubic feet (4,475 m³.)

Total lift.—Just over 7 tons=15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Total lift.—Just over 7 tons = 15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—Continental rubbered fabric, yellow.

Inflatable bags.—Continental rubberized fabric, yellow.

Motor.—One 90-100 C. Bayard.

Motor.—One 90-100 HP. Bayard.

Speed.—27 m.p.h. (43 k.p.h.)

Speed: 27 mph (43 kph)

Propellers.—One.

Propeller.—One.

SIDE ELEVATION

[Pg 112]

FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid)

COLONEL RENARD. Military (1909).

Maximum length, 213 feet (65 m.) maximum diameter, 35 feet (10.50 m.) volume, 145,000 c. feet (4,200 m³.)

Maximum length: 213 feet (65 m) maximum diameter: 35 feet (10.50 m) volume: 145,000 cubic feet (4,200 m³)

Total lift.—9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.)=about 4½ tons.

Total lift.—9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.) = about 4.5 tons.

Gas bags.—Yellow coloured rubber proofed Continental fabric.

Gasbags.—Yellow rubber-coated Continental fabric.

Motor.—One 110 h.p. 4-cylinder Panhard.

Engine.—One 110 hp 4-cylinder Panhard.

Speed.—29 m.p.h.

Speed.—29 mph.

Propellers.—1, at the front end of the car. "Integrale."

Propellers.—1, at the front of the car. "Integrale."

Steering.—Elevators.

Steering.—Lifts.

Remarks.—The two side stabilising shapes are duplicated, as they were in the Ville de Paris. A webbing stretched on steel tubes is introduced between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilising shapes to provide extra stabilising surface.

Remarks.—The two side stabilizing shapes are duplicated, just like in the Ville de Paris. A webbing stretched on steel tubes is added between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilizing shapes to give extra stabilizing surface.

COLONEL RENARD. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

Note.—An elevator aft has since been added.

Note.—An elevator at the back has been added since then.

[Pg 113]

Improved Col. Renard's are:—

Improved Col. Renard's are:—

LIEUT. CHAURE. Military (1911).

ADJUTANT RÉAU. Military (1911)

TRANSAERIEN II (1911).

Particulars of these are as follows:—

Details of these are as follows:—

	Lieut. Chaure.	Adjutant Reau.	Transaerien II.
Length	275-1/2 feet (83.8 m.)	285 feet (86.78 m.)	250 feet (76.25 m.)
Diameter	46 feet (14 m.)	46 feet (14 m.)	46 feet (14 m.)
Volume	312,550 c. ft. (8,850 m³.)	314,000 c. ft. (8950 m³.)	318,000 c. ft. (9,000 m³.)
Motors	2 Panhard, each 110 h.p.	2 Brasier, each 110 h.p.	2 of 175 h.p. each
Speed (p.h.)	32 m. (53 km.)	32 m. (53 km.)	34 m. (56 km.)

Notes.—All have 1 propeller forward of 6 m. diameter, and 2 aft of 3.70 m. The Lieut. Chaure's empeunage is by ballonets; in the other two a cellular system and automatic stabilisation are the special feature.

Notes.—All have 1 propeller in front with a diameter of 6 m, and 2 at the back with a diameter of 3.70 m. The Lieut. Chaure's design uses ballonets; in the other two, a cellular system and automatic stabilization are the key features.

Appearance practically the same as for Colonel Renard.

[Pg 114]

ÉCLAIREUR CONTÉ. Military. (1912)

Nominal volume, 6,500 m³.

Length, 213 feet (65 m.) diameter, 46 feet (14 m.) volume, 234,500 c. feet (6,640 m³.)

Length: 213 feet (65 m) diameter: 46 feet (14 m) volume: 234,500 cubic feet (6,640 m³)

Ballonets.—Volume, 71,770 c. feet (2,032 m³) empeunage: cellular.

Ballonets.—Volume: 71,770 cubic feet (2,032 m³) structure: cellular.

Nacelle.—Length, 115 feet (35 m.) Breadth, 5½ feet (1.60 m.) Height about 6 feet (2-1.50 m.)

Nacelle.—Length, 115 feet (35 m). Width, 5½ feet (1.60 m). Height approximately 6 feet (2-1.50 m).

Motor.—2 Chenu, 80 h.p. Hele-Shaw clutch.

Motor.—2 Chenu, 80 hp. Hele-Shaw clutch.

Speed.—About 28 m.p.h. (43-45 km.p.h.)

Speed.—About 28 mph (43-45 km/h)

Propellers.—2 central aft, each of 4 m. (13 feet) diameter. 650 r.p.m.

Propellers.—2 central at the back, each with a diameter of 4 m. (13 feet). 650 rpm.

Empeunage.—Cellular, Stabilisation automatic.

Empeunage.—Cellular, Automatic stabilization.

Notes.—In this type the usual Astra style, rear of gas bag, is entirely done away with. Surface of each elevator is 18², of the rudder 33 m². There are 2 petrol reservoirs, each of 180 litre capacity.

Notes.—In this type, the standard Astra design, with the gas bag at the back, is completely eliminated. The surface area of each elevator is 18², and the rudder is 33 m². There are 2 petrol tanks, each with a capacity of 180 liters.

Weights.

Weights.

	lbs.	(kgs.)
Crew	838	(380)
Details	1367	(620)
Tools, etc.	220	(100)
"Lest d'altitude"	2205	(1000)
"Lest d'altitude" securité	661	(300)
Total	5291	(2400)

[Pg 115]

ASTRA-TORRES I.

Length, 157 feet (47.72 m.) diameter, 33 feet (10 m.) volume, 68,150 c. feet (1,930 m³.)

Length, 157 feet (47.72 m.) diameter, 33 feet (10 m.) volume, 68,150 cubic feet (1,930 m³.)

Ballonets.—Volume, 11,300 c. feet (320 m³.)

Ballonets.—Volume, 11,300 cubic feet (320 m³.)

Nacelle.—Length, 18 feet (5.50 m.) Breadth, 5 feet (1.50 m.) Height, 6½ feet (2 m.)

Nacelle.—Length, 18 feet (5.50 m). Width, 5 feet (1.50 m). Height, 6½ feet (2 m).

Useful lift.—1,219 lbs. (553 kgs.)

Useful lift.—1,219 lbs. (553 kg)

Motor.—1 Chenu, 55 h.p., at 1,380 r.p.m. Clutch, Ruban.

Motor.—1 Chenu, 55 hp, at 1,380 rpm. Clutch, Ruban.

Speed.—31 m.p.h. (50 km.) Endurance about 5 hours.

Speed: 31 mph (50 km) Endurance: approximately 5 hours.

Propeller.—1 in rear of nacelle. Diameter, 14¾ feet (4.50 m.)

Propeller.—1 at the back of the engine casing. Diameter, 14¾ feet (4.50 m.)

Notes.—The special feature of this type is that it is constructed in three lobes, two below and one above. This particular ship is merely experimental, and is known as a "Vedette." Three models of it are to be obtained, (1) this 55 h.p. of 1,930 m³. volume. (2) a 75 h.p. of 2,000 m³. nominal volume. (3) a 110 h.p. of from 3,000-3,500 m³. volume. This latter is designed to have two propellers instead of one.

Notes.—The unique feature of this design is that it's built with three lobes: two below and one above. This specific ship is just a prototype and is referred to as a "Vedette." Three versions of it are available: (1) a 55 h.p. with a volume of 1,930 m³, (2) a 75 h.p. with a nominal volume of 2,000 m³, and (3) a 110 h.p. with a volume ranging from 3,000 to 3,500 m³. The last model is intended to have two propellers instead of one.

Larger editions of the type are also projected as follows:—

Larger versions of the type are also planned as follows:—

"Scouts:" 4500-6300 m³. of 200 h.p. (2 motors.)
"Transaeriens:" 7,000-8,000 m³. of 400 h.p. (2 motors.)
"Dreadnoughts:" 12,000 m³. or so, of 750 h.p. (4 motors.)

Uniform Dirigible Scale.

[Pg 116]

CLEMENT-BAYARD CLASSIC.

Usines Clement-Bayard, 33, quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine).

These dirigibles closely resemble the Astra class in some main particulars; but (excepting I) differ from them in the sharp sterns and absence of stabilisers on stern.

These airships are quite similar to the Astra class in several key aspects; however, they differ from them (except for I) in having pointed sterns and lacking stabilizers at the back.

The ships of this class are:—

The ships in this class are:—

1	*CLEMENT-BAYARD*	I(Kommissionny)	*Russian Military*
2	"	II	*British Military* (wrecked)
3	"
4	"	IV (Adjutant Vincennot)	*French Military*
5	"	V (Fleurus)	"
6	"	VI	*Private*
7	"	*VII*	*French Military* (building), To be of 17,000 m³.

[Pg 117]

ADJUTANT VINCENNOT. Military. (1911.) (Clement-Bayard IV.)

Maximum length, 251 feet (76.50 m.) maximum diameter, 43 feet (13.22 m.) volume, 7,500 m³.

Total lift.—Nearly 8 tons (8,000 kgs.) Useful lift, 2¾ tons (2717 kgs.)

Total lift.—Almost 8 tons (8,000 kgs.) Useful lift, 2¾ tons (2,717 kgs.)

Gasbags.—Continental rubbered fabric. Weight, 380 grammes per m². Strength 1,000 kg. per metre. Leakage under 10 litres per m² per 24 hours.

Gasbags.—Continental rubber fabric. Weight, 380 grams per m². Strength 1,000 kg per meter. Leakage under 10 liters per m² per 24 hours.

Motors.—2 Clement motors, 4-cylinder, of 130 h.p., each placed on either side of the motor space.

Motors.—2 Clement motors, 4-cylinder, with 130 h.p. each, located on either side of the engine compartment.

Speed.—35 m.p.h. (56 km.)

Speed.—35 mph (56 km/h)

Propellers.—2 Chauvière. Diameter, 19¾ feet (6 m.) Placed one on either side of the motors, well above the level.

Propellers.—2 Chauvière. Diameter, 19¾ feet (6 m.). Positioned one on each side of the engines, well above the level.

Steering.—Vertical steering by means of a treble horizontal rudder over the rear end of the car. Horizontal steering by means of 2 vertical rudders placed one on each side of the rear horizontal rudder.

Steering.—Vertical steering using a triple horizontal rudder located at the back of the car. Horizontal steering is managed by two vertical rudders, one on each side of the rear horizontal rudder.

Remarks.—The feature of this C.B. type, which distinguishes it from the Astra ships of about the same size, is the arrangement of the propellers and the use of a 2 speed gear in connection with these. Normally each motor drives its own propeller through two sets of gearing connected by a Cardan shaft. On stopping one motor, the stopped motor is unclutched from its propeller shaft, which is then connected up by chain drive to the opposite shaft. The running motor is then put on to a "low gear," so that it can make the revolutions necessary for obtaining full power, while the propellers run slower than before. The ratio of "low gear" to "high" is 2 to 1, so that a single motor will be running under its best conditions when well throttled down.

Remarks.—The main feature of this C.B. type, which sets it apart from Astra ships of a similar size, is the arrangement of the propellers and the use of a 2-speed gearbox. Typically, each motor drives its own propeller through two sets of gearing connected by a Cardan shaft. When one motor is stopped, it is disconnected from its propeller shaft, which is then linked by chain drive to the opposite shaft. The working motor is switched to "low gear," allowing it to make the necessary revolutions to achieve full power while the propellers operate at a slower speed than before. The "low gear" to "high" ratio is 2 to 1, meaning a single motor will operate under optimal conditions when significantly throttled down.

A sister, C. Bayard II was sold to the British Army, and wrecked or dismantled, 1911.

A sister, C. Bayard II was sold to the British Army and destroyed or taken apart in 1911.

LIST OF WEIGHTS.

Weight List.

		kgs.
Gas bag		1,350
Valves (4)		45
Suspension		195
Girder (complete with fittings)
	Bow portion (6 m. long.)	128
	Engine room (2.5 m.)	1,390
	Bridge and passenger space (12 m.)	957
	After part (18 m.)	182
	Raised tail (4.5 m.)	63
2 Propeller brackets		378
2 Propellers		230
Rudders		150
Water		140
Trail ropes		75
	Total	5,283
	Lift	8,000
Balance, for ballast fuel, oil, crew		2,717

FLEURUS. Military. (C.B. V.) (1912.)

C. BAYARD VI. (Private.) (1913.)

These two are slightly smaller sisters of the Adjutant Vincennot.[Pg 118]

FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Semi-rigid).

LEBAUDY CLASS.

Ateliers Lebaudy Frères, Moisson, par La Roche-Guyon (Seine-et-Oise).

Ateliers Lebaudy Frères, Moisson, by La Roche-Guyon (Seine-et-Oise).

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS:

The cars are short and suspended from a long keel which is suspended close up to the gas bag, and is mostly covered in with fireproof canvas.

The cars are short and hang from a long keel that’s positioned close to the gas bag, and is mostly covered with fireproof canvas.

The rear end of the keel is expanded into fixed vertical and horizontal fins, and carries a vertical and a horizontal rudder.

The back of the keel is widened into fixed vertical and horizontal fins, and it has both a vertical and a horizontal rudder.

The rear end of the gas bag is fitted with thin fixed planes (compare with the pear shaped or tubular fins of the "Astra" class).

The back of the gas bag has thin, fixed planes (compare this with the pear-shaped or tubular fins of the "Astra" class).

The cars are provided underneath with an extraordinarily strong conical structure, which takes the shock of striking the ground and distributes it over the whole car.

The cars have an exceptionally strong conical structure underneath, which absorbs the impact of hitting the ground and spreads it across the entire vehicle.

Aeroplanes are now fitted, one each side of the keel, well forward.

Aeroplanes are now equipped with one on each side of the keel, positioned well forward.

Ships of this class which have been built:—

Ships of this class that have been built:—

	LEBAUDY I	French Military Airship.	Rebuilt 1909 into Lebaudy II.	now discarded
1.	LEBAUDY II	"	Original Lebaudy I rebuilt. Known as Le Jaune.	now discarded
2.	PATRIE		Lost in a storm.
3.	REPUBLIQUE	French Military Airship.	Wrecked Autumn, 1909.
4.	LA RUSSIE	Sold to Russian Government.	Now Lebed.
5.	LIBERTÉ	French Military Airship.
6.	CAPITAINE MARECHAL	"
7.	"MORNING POST"	British Military.	(Lebaudy III.) Wrecked 1911
8.	LIEUT. SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP.	French Military Airship.
9.	New ship of 17,000 m³ building.	"
To Lebaudy designs:—
ONE	Austrian Military Airship.

[Pg 119]

Name		LIBERTÉ	CAPITAINE MARÉCHAL.	SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP.	New ship. Building.
Date		1909.	1911.	1911.	1913-14.
Service		Military.	Military.	Military.	Military.
Volume	c. feet (m³)	4800	7500	8000	17,000
Length	feet (m.)	220 (67)	279 (85)	292 (89)
Diameter	feet (m.)	35-1/2 (10.80)	42 (12.80)	48 (14.00)
Gasbags	fabric	Lebaudy	Lebaudy	Lebaudy
	ballonets	1	...	...
Lift	total tons	4-1/2	...	9
	useful tons	...	...	...
Motors	h.p.	1--135 Panhard	2--80 Panhard	2--80 Panhard
Propellers	number	2 wood	2 wood	2 wood
	blades	2	2	2
	diam. feet (m.)	...	16-1/2 (5)	16-1/2 (5)
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	31 (50)	28 (45)	28 (45)
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...
Complement		...	...	5

[Pg 120]

FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid).

Zodiac Class.

Société française de ballons dirigeables et d'aviation, Zodiac, 10 route du Havre, Puteaux (Seine).

These dirigibles were intended primarily for private pleasure purposes. Consequently they are designed to fly when filled with coal gas if necessary.

These airships were mainly meant for personal enjoyment. As a result, they are built to operate with coal gas when needed.

Every effort is made to render them easily transportable; the long girder frame by which the weight is distributed is made to take to pieces.

Every effort is made to make them easy to transport; the long girder frame that distributes the weight is designed to be taken apart.

It is held in France that numbers of this class of vessel would form an invaluable asset in time of war, as each could be transported in a single cart, filled with a very few bottles of hydrogen, and when so filled could manuvre for some 6 hours at a speed which compares favourably with that of the standard types.

It is believed in France that ships of this kind would be an invaluable asset in wartime, as each could be transported in a single cart, filled with just a few bottles of hydrogen, and when filled, could maneuver for about 6 hours at a speed that compares favorably with standard types.

When the service of reconnaissance was performed, the vessel could be packed up and sent out of harm's way in an hour, whereas this could scarcely be done with a larger vessel on account of the quantity of hydrogen that would be required if it had to be filled afresh for each service. The mooring of an airship in the open during war requires such an amount of preparation and attention as to be a serious drawback to the alternative plan of keeping such vessels unfilled, while the sending of an airship back to its distant shed on each occasion means doubling the work that the ship is called upon to perform.

When the reconnaissance mission was completed, the airship could be packed up and moved to safety in an hour, which was hardly possible with a larger vessel due to the large amount of hydrogen needed if it had to be refilled for each operation. Mooring an airship outdoors during wartime requires so much preparation and attention that it seriously disadvantages the alternative plan of keeping these vessels unfilled. Additionally, sending an airship back to its remote hangar every time means doubling the workload for the ship.

Ships of class are:—

Ships of this class are:—

1.	*ZODIAC I* (Petit Journal)
2.	*ZODIAC II* (De la Vaulx)
3	*ZODIAC III*
4	*ZODIAC IV*	*Dutch Military*
5.	*ZODIAC V*	*South American (private)*
6.	*ZODIAC VI*	*Sold to United States*
7	*ZODIAC VII*	*Sold to Russian Army*
8.	*ZODIAC VIII*	"
9.	*ZODIAC IX* (Le Temps)	*French Army*
10.	*ZODIAC X* (Capitaine Ferber)	"
11.	*ZODIAC XI* (Commandant Coutelle)	"
12.	*ZODIAC XII* (Spiess)	" (*rigid*)

[Pg 121]

ZODIAC III.

Maximum length, 134 feet (40.8 m.) maximum diameter, 28 feet (8.5 m.) volume, 1,400 m³.

Total lift.—1½ tons (1,540 kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Total lift.—1.5 tons (1,540 kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—Light continental rubbered fabric.

Inflatable blimps.—Light continental rubber fabric.

Motor.—Ballot, 4-cylinder, 40-45 h.p., 1,200 r.p.m.

Motor.—Ballot, 4-cylinder, 40-45 hp, 1,200 rpm.

Speed.— m.p.h. (45 km.p.h.)

Speed.— mph (45 km/h)

Propellers.—Driven at 600 r.p.m. Integral type, 12¼ feet (3.75 m.) in diameter. Pitch, 6½ feet (2 m.) in rear of the car.

Propellers.—Running at 600 RPM. Integrated type, 12¼ feet (3.75 m) in diameter. Pitch, 6½ feet (2 m) behind the car.

Steering.—Vertical balanced rudder in rear of the vertical fin, under the rear of the gas bag. Double elevator above the fore end of the car. Horizontal fins of material spread on iron frames on either side of the rear end of the car.

Steering.—A vertical balanced rudder located at the back of the vertical fin, beneath the rear of the gas bag. A double elevator is positioned above the front end of the car. Horizontal fins made of material are mounted on iron frames on both sides of the rear end of the car.

Remarks.—The car consists of a 130 feet (40 m.) long wooden girder, which can be divided into 4 separate parts of 13 feet (4 m.) each. The suspension is by steel wires fitted with adjusting screws at the lower ends and toggles at the upper ends, by which they connect to the crows' feet which are sewn to the suspension strips.

Remarks.—The car is made up of a 130-foot (40 m) long wooden beam, which can be split into 4 separate sections of 13 feet (4 m) each. It is suspended by steel cables that have adjusting screws at the bottom and toggles at the top, which connect to the crows' feet that are attached to the suspension strips.

ZODIAC III.

DETAILED WEIGHTS OF ZODIAC III.

	kgs.	lbs.
Gas bag (including ballonet)	330	727½
Valves	12	26½
Suspension wires and gear	15	33
Tail fins	24	53
Horizontal rudder	10	22
Vertical rudder	10	22
Girder car	168	370¼
Motor (including pump, magneto, lubricating gear, etc.)	275	606¼
Motor bearer and gear	22	48½
Petrol tank	10	22
Radiator	25	55
Reduction gearing	12	26½
Shafting	15	33
Fan	9	20
Steering gear	5	11
Water	8	17¾
Petrol	20	44
Miscellaneous: 4 men	300	661
Total	1,270	2,800 about
Ballast	270	595
Total weight	1,540	Total lift 3,395

[Pg 122]

LE TEMPS. Military. (Alias ZODIAC IX.)

Maximum length, 164 feet (50.25 m.) maximum diameter, 29½ feet (9 m.) volume, 81,250 cubic feet (2,300 m³.)

Total lift.—

Gas bag, etc.—2 ballonets, each of 257 m³.

Gas bag, etc.—2 ballonets, each with a capacity of 257 m³.

Motor.—Dansette-Gillet. 60 h.p.

Motor.—Dansette-Gillet. 60 hp.

Propellers.—2, chain driven, one on either side of car.

Propellers.—2, chain-driven, one on each side of the car.

Speed.—

Fast.—

Steering.—Elevator in nacelle amidships. Rudder aft.

Steering.—Elevator in nacelle midship. Rudder at the back.

Remarks.—

Notes.—

LE TEMPS. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

[Pg 123]

CAPITAINE FERBER. Military.
(Alias ZODIAC X.)

Maximum length, 249-1/3 feet (76 m.) maximum diameter, 40½ feet (12.36 m.) volume, 6,000 m³.

Maximum length: 249.33 feet (76 m.) maximum diameter: 40.5 feet (12.36 m.) volume: 6,000 m³.

This ship has 2 ballonets of 650 m³. each, and a car 35×13×2 m., made up of 5 sections. 2 motors. Dansette-Gillette, 90 h.p., each actuating 2 propellers (4-bladed), geared to 500 r.p.m. Carries petrol for 15 hours work. Completed 1911.

This ship has 2 balloonets of 650 m³ each and a car measuring 35×13×2 m, made up of 5 sections. It has 2 motors: Dansette-Gillette, 90 h.p. each, driving 2 propellers (4-bladed), geared to 500 r.p.m. It carries enough petrol for 15 hours of operation. Completed in 1911.

Photo, Branger.

CAPITAINE FERBER. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

[Pg 124]

COMMANDANT COUTELLE. Military.
(ZODIAC XI.)

(Enlarged Captaine Ferber.) Building.

Maximum length, 292 feet (89 m.) maximum diameter, 46 feet (14 m.) volume, 9,000 m³.

Maximum length: 292 feet (89 m.) maximum diameter: 46 feet (14 m.) volume: 9,000 m³.

Gas bags, etc.—2 ballonnets, each 45,900 c. feet (1,300 m³.)

Gas bags, etc.—2 small balloons, each 45,900 cubic feet (1,300 m³).

Nacelle.—Nickel steel in 5 sections. Length, 131¼ (40 m.) Width, 4½ feet (1.30 m.) Hung 16½ feet (5 m.) below the balloon. Pilot in centre. Carries a total crew of six, petrol and oil for 15 hours' continuous work at full power.

Nacelle.—Nickel steel in 5 sections. Length, 131¼ (40 m.) Width, 4½ feet (1.30 m.) Hung 16½ feet (5 m.) below the balloon. Pilot in center. Holds a total crew of six, with enough petrol and oil for 15 hours of continuous operation at full power.

Motors.—2, each of 190 h.p.=total of 380 h.p. Placed one at either end of the nacelle.

Motors.—2, each with 190 h.p. = total of 380 h.p. Positioned one at each end of the nacelle.

Propellers.—4, of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter. Two geared to each motor to half engine speed.

Propellers.—4, with a diameter of 15 feet (4.50 m). Two are connected to each motor at half the engine speed.

Speed (expected).—37 m.p.h. (60 k.p.h.)

Speed (expected).—37 mph (60 kph)

[Pg 125]

ZODIAC XII. Rigid. Military.
(SPIESS.)

Spiess. Building. Photo, Branger.

Maximum length, 341 feet (104 m.) maximum diameter, 42¾ feet (13 m.) volume, 11,000 m³.

Gas bags.—Sections 11. Number of cylindrical sections 8. Number of sides to polygon 14.

Motors.—Two 6-cylinder 200 h.p. in each nacelle, each driving 2 propellers of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter.

Motors.—Two 6-cylinder 200 h.p. engines in each nacelle, each powering 2 propellers with a diameter of 15 feet (4.50 m).

Speed. (expected)—40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.)

Speed. (expected)—40 mph (65 km/h)

[Pg 126]

GERMAN.

(By our special German editor.)

(From our German editor.)

Aerial Journals:—

Deutsche Luftfahrer Zeitschrift fur Luftschffahr Berlin, W. (Fortnightly).

German Airmen Journal for Aviation Berlin, W. (Every two weeks).

Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung, Berlin (Weekly).

General Automobile Newspaper, Berlin (Weekly).

Automobil Welt, Berlin (Thrice Weekly).

Car World, Berlin (Three Times a Week).

Das Deutsche Auto, Munich (Weekly).

The German Car, Munich (Weekly).

Die Luftflotte, Berlin (Monthly).

The Air Fleet, Berlin (Monthly).

Internationale Revue für Autowesen & Aviatik, Leipzig (Fortnightly).

International Review for Automotive and Aviation, Leipzig (Every two weeks).

Flugsport, Frankfurt (Fortnightly).

Flight Sport, Frankfurt (Fortnightly).

Motor, Berlin (Monthly).

Motor, Berlin (Monthly Magazine).

Der Motorwagen, Berlin (Thrice Monthly).

Der Motorwagen, Berlin (Tri-Monthly).

Monatshefte der Reichsfliegerstiftung, Charlottenburg (Monthly).

Monthly Journal of the Reich Aviation Foundation, Charlottenburg.

Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik & Motorluftschiffahrt, Berlin (Fortnightly).

Journal of Flight Technology & Airship Operations, Berlin (Every two weeks).

Private Flying Grounds (Military see further on):—

Adlershof, Teil des Flugfeldes Johannisthal (Wright School).

Adlershof, part of Johannisthal airfield (Wright School).

Bork, Post Brück in der Mark (Mars School).

Burg bei Magdeburg (Schulze School).

Burg near Magdeburg (Schulze School).

Darmstadt (Truppenübungsplatz).

Darmstadt (military training area).

Dotzheim bei Wiesbaden.

Dotzheim near Wiesbaden.

Frankfurt a.M. (August Euler).

Frankfurt am Main (August Euler).

Fühlungen bei Köln (Kölner Club für Flugsport).

Feelings in Cologne (Cologne Club for Aviation Sports).

Garching b. München (Hoffman-Harlan).

Garching near Munich (Hoffman-Harlan).

Griesheim b. Frankfurt a.M. (Frankfurter Flugsport-Club & Flugtechn. Verein).

Griesheim near Frankfurt a.M. (Frankfurt Air Sports Club & Flight Technology Association).

Habsheim b. Mülhausen i.E. (Aviatik).

Habsheim near Mulhouse (Aviation).

Hainberg b. Nürnberg (Flugtechn. Ges. Nürnberg-Fürth).

Hainberg vs. Nürnberg (Aviation Tech. Co. Nürnberg-Fürth).

Hamburg (Grade).

Hamburg (Grade).

Holten. Niederrh. Verein f.L. (Hilsmann).

Holten. Niederrhein. Club for L. (Hilsmann).

Johannisthal b. Berlin Flugschule Albatros, Dorner, Harlan, Fokker, Luftverkehrs-ges. m.b.H., Rumpler & Wright.

Johannisthal near Berlin Flight School Albatros, Dorner, Harlan, Fokker, Air Transport Co. Ltd., Rumpler & Wright.

Kitzingen in Bayern, 1911 (Hildebrand & Schroth).

Kitzingen in Bavaria, 1911 (Hildebrand & Schroth).

Lindenthal b. Leipzig. (School for Deutschen Flugzengwerke).

Lindenthal vs. Leipzig. (School for German Aircraft Manufacturing).

Loddenheide b. Münster.

Loddenheide near Münster.

Meerheimb b. Köln.

Meerheimb near Cologne.

Milbertshofen b. München (Dr. Wittenstein).

Milbertshofen near Munich (Dr. Wittenstein).

Neuenlande b. Bremen (Müller-Aviatik, Bremer v.t.L.)

Neuenlande near Bremen (Müller-Aviatik, Bremer v.t.L.)

Niederwalluf, 1911 (Goedecker).

Oberwiesenfeld bei München (Gustav Otto).

Oberwiesenfeld in Munich (Gustav Otto).

Puchheim b. München.

Puchheim near Munich.

Reichenberg-Boxdorf b. Dresden.

Reichenberg-Boxdorf near Dresden.

Schneverdingen (Oertz).

Schulzendorf b. Berlin (A.E.G.)

Schulzendorf near Berlin (A.E.G.)

Strassburg i.E., "Polygon" (E.E.C. Mathis).

Strasbourg i.E., "Polygon" (E.U. Mathis).

Suechteln.

Suechteln.

Teltow bei Berlin.

Teltow near Berlin.

Velten bei Berlin (A.E.G.)

Velten near Berlin (A.E.G.)

Wandsbek, Exerzierplatz, 1911 (Rumpler und Jordan).

Wandsbek, Exerzierplatz, 1911 (Rumpler and Jordan).

Weimar (Wright).

Wustenbrand b. Chemnitz (Flugtechn. Ges. in Chemnitz).

Wustenbrand b. Chemnitz (Aviation Technology Company in Chemnitz).

Zahlbach b. Mainz (School for Aut. & Flugtechnik).

Zahlbach b. Mainz (School for Automotive & Flight Technology).

[Pg 127]

GERMAN AERIAL CLUBS.

Aerial Societies:—

Aachener V. f. L. Aix la Chapelle.

Aero Club (Imperial), 3, Nollenderfplatz, Berlin. Sec.: H. Von Frankenberg und Ludwigsdorf.

Aero Club (Imperial), 3, Nollenderfplatz, Berlin. Secretary: H. Von Frankenberg and Ludwigsdorf.

Akademie für Aviatik, Munich.

Aviation Academy, Munich.

Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club, Munich.

ADAC, Munich.

Anhaltischer V. f. L. (E. U.) M. Antoineatten str. 22a, Dessau.

Augsburger Verein für Luftschiffahrt, Augsburg.

Augsburg Airship Association, Augsburg.

Automobil-und Flugtechnische-Gesellschaft (E. V.) Nurnberger Platz 5, Haupyverein Berlin, Hochster Str. 1, Bezirksverein Frankfurt a. M, Neuer Wall 44, II, Hamburg.

Automobil- und Flugtechnische Gesellschaft (E. V.) Nurnberger Platz 5, Hauptverein Berlin, Hochstraße 1, Bezirksverein Frankfurt a. M, Neuer Wall 44, II, Hamburg.

Bayerischer A. K. Munich.

Bavarian A. K. Munich.

Berliner V. f. L., Berlin.

Bilterfeldt V. f. L., Bilterfeld.

Braunschweigische V. f. L.

Braunschweig V. f. L.

Breisgau V. f. L., Freiburg.

Bremer V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Obernstr, 52/54 I, Bremen.

Bromberger V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Gasanstalt, Bromberg, Stadt.

Bromberger V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Gasanstalt, Bromberg, City.

Chemnitzner V. f. L.

Chemnitzner V. for L.

Deutsche Touring Club, Munich.

Deutscher Luftflotten Verein, Mannheim.

German Air Fleet Association, Mannheim.

Dusseldorfer Luftdahrer-Klub (E. V.) W. Dusseldorf, Breite Str. 25, I.

Dusseldorfer Luftdahrer-Klub (E. V.) W. Düsseldorf, Breite Str. 25, I.

Erfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) M. Dalversweg 24, Erfurt.

Flugverein Neustadt a. d. Haardt, S. W., Neustadt, I.

Flugzeugkonvention des V. D. M. L., Potsdamer Str. 121 H, III, Berlin W.

Flugzeug Convention of the V. D. M. L., Potsdamer Str. 121 H, III, Berlin W.

Frankfürter Flugsport-Club (E. V.) Neue Mainzer Str. 76, Frankfurt a. M.

Frankfurter Flugsport-Club (E. V.) Neue Mainzer Str. 76, Frankfurt am Main

Frankfurter Flugtechn, Verein (E. V.) Bahnhofplatz 8, Frankfurt a. M.

Frankfurter Flugtechn, Association (E. V.) Bahnhofplatz 8, Frankfurt a. M.

Frankfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W. Kettenhofweg 136, Frankfurt, a. M.

Frankischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. Kurschnerhof 6, Wursburg.

Hamburger V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., 36, Colonnaden 17-19, Hamburg.

Hannoverscher V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Lortzingstr. 6, Hannover.

Hereforder Verein fur Lufthahrt, Bahnhofplatz, Alfermann, Herford.

Hereforder Verein für Lufthahrt, Bahnhofplatz, Alfermann, Herford.

Hildesheimer V. f. L., Hilkesheim, Lucienvorder str. 22.

Hildesheimer V. f. L., Hilkesheim, Lucienvorder St. 22.

Kaiserlicher Aero-Club, K. Nollendorfplatz 3, Berlin W.

Kaiserlicher Automobil-Club, K, 9 Leipzigerplatz 16, Berlin W.

Karlsruher Luftfahrt-Verein (E. V.) S. W., Bachstr, 28, Karlsruhe.

Karlsruher Luftfahrt-Verein (E. V.) S. W., Bachstr. 28, Karlsruhe.

Kolner Club, f. L. (E. V.) W. Bischofsgartenstr. 22, Koln.

Kolner Club, f. L. (E. V.) W. Bischofsgartenstr. 22, Cologne.

Koniglich Bayerischer Automobil-Club, B. Brienner str. 5 I, Munchen.

Koniglich Bayerischer Automobil-Club, B. Brienner str. 5 I, Munich.

Koniglicher Sachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Ferdinandstr. I, Dresden.

Koniglicher Sachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Ferdinandstraße I, Dresden.

Kurhessischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Physikalisches Institut, Marburg ad Lahn; Cassel Sektion, Kolnische str. 84, Cassel.

Kurhessischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Physics Institute, Marburg on the Lahn; Cassel Section, Cologne Street 84, Cassel.

Leipziger V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Markt 1, Leipzig.

Lubecker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Israeldorfer Allee 13a, Lubeck.

Luftshrverein Gotha (fruther Reichsflugverein Gotha), Gotha, I.

Luftshrverein Gotha (formerly Reichsflugverein Gotha), Gotha, I.

Luftfahrtverein Touring-Club, Pranner str. 24, I. Munchen.

Luftfahrtverein Touring-Club, Pranner Str. 24, I. Munich.

Luftschiffahrt-Verein Munster fur Munster und das Munsterland (E. V.) N. W., Munster i. W, Klosterstr. 31-32.

Luftschiffahrt-Verein Munster for Munster and the Munsterland (E. V.) N. W., Munster i. W., Klosterstr. 31-32.

Magdeburger V. f. L. (E. V.) M, Wetterwarte, Bahnhofstr. 17, Magdeburg.

Magdeburger V. f. L. (E. V.) M, Weather Station, Bahnhofstr. 17, Magdeburg.

Mannheimer V. f. L. "Zahringen" (E. V.) S. W., 7-8 Hansa-Haus, Mannheim.

Mecklenburgerischer Aero-Club, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. 85, II, I, Schwerin i. M.

Mecklenburg Aero Club, Kaiser Wilhelm St. 85, II, I, Schwerin, M.

Mindener Verein fur Luftfahrt, N. W., Grosser Domhof 1, L, Minden i. W.

Mindener Verein für Luftfahrt, N. W., Großer Domhof 1, L, Minden i. W.

Mitterheinischer V. f. L., S. W., Weisenauer, Str. 15, Mainz.

Munchener V. f. L. (E. V.) Residentzstr. 27 III, Munchen.

Munchener V. f. L. (E. V.) Residentzstr. 27 III, Munich.

Niederrheinischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Wilhemstr. 11, Bonn, Wupperthal Sektion, Hauptfeuerwache, Barmen; Essen Sektion, Bachstr. 21, Essen-Ruhr; Bonn Sektion, Wilhelmstr. 11, Bonn.

Niederrheinischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Wilhelmstr. 11, Bonn, Wuppertal Section, Main Fire Station, Barmen; Essen Section, Bachstr. 21, Essen-Ruhr; Bonn Section, Wilhelmstr. 11, Bonn.

Niedersachachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Hildesheimer Bank, Filiale Gottingen, Gottingen.

Niedersachachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Hildesheimer Bank, branch Göttingen, Göttingen.

Niederschlesisch-Markischer Verein fur Luftfahrt, Grunberg i. Schl, I.

Niederschlesisch-Markischer Verein für Luftfahrt, Grünberg i. Schl, I.

Nordmark-Verein fur Motorluftfahrt (E. V.) Dusternbrooker Weg 38, Kiel.

Nordmark Association for Motor Aviation (E. V.) Dusternbrooker Way 38, Kiel.

Obererzgebirgischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Geschaftsstelle, Schwarzenberg i. S., Erla im Erzgebirge.

Obererzgebirgischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, office, Schwarzenberg i. S., Erla in the Erzgebirge.

Oberrheimischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Blauwolkengasse 21, Strassburg i. Els.

Oberrheimischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Blauwolkengasse 21, Strasbourg i. Els.

Oberschwabischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S, Promenade 17, Ulm a. D.

Osnabrucker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Wittekindstr. 4, Osnabruck.

Ostdeutscher V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Courbierestr. 34, II. Graudenz.

Ostpreusischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Kneiphofische Langgasse 8 I, Konigsberg i. Pr.

Ostpreußen V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Kneiphofische Langgasse 8 I, Königsberg i. Pr.

Pfalzischer Luftfahrtverein Speyer, S. W., Speyer a. Rh. I.

Pommerscher V. f. L. (E. V.) Pasewalk (Stettin) F. 65.

Posener Luftfahrer-V. (E. V.) O, Posen, Kronprinzenstr, 101a.

Reichsflugverein (E. V.) Motztrs, 76, Berlin.

Rheinisch-Westfalische Motorluftschaff-Gesellsch. (E. V.) Bachstr. 21, Essen-Ruhr.

Saarbrucker Verein fur Luftfahrt, S. W. Saarbrucken, I.

Saarbrucker Association for Aviation, S. W. Saarbrucken, I.

Sachsisch-Thuringischer V. f. L. Belvedere-Allee 5, Weimar; Halle a. S. Sektion (E. V.) Halle a. Muhlweg 10 und Poststr. 6; Thuringische Sektion, Staaten; Belvederealle, 5, Weimar.

Schlesischer Aero-Club (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.

Schlesischer Aero-Club (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Wrocław.

Schlesischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.

Schlesischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Wrocław.

Schleswig-Holstein. Flieger-Club, N. W., Niemannsweg 81b, Kiel.

Schleswig-Holstein. Flight Club, N.W., Niemannsweg 81b, Kiel.

Seeoffizier-Luftclub (S.L.C.W.) N. W., Peterstr. 80 II, Wilhelmshaven.

Trierer Club. f. L. (E. V.) W., Nagelstr. 10, Trier.

V. D. Luftchiff-Industrieller, Kleiststr. 8, III, Berlin, W.

V. D. Luftship Industries, Kleist St. 8, III, Berlin, W.

V. D. Motorfahrzeug-Industrieller, Potsdamerstr. 121b, Berlin, W.

V. D. Automotive Manufacturers, Potsdamerstr. 121b, Berlin, W.

V. f. Flugwesen in Mannheim, S. W., Lange Rotterstr. 106, I. Mannheim.

V. f. Aviation in Mannheim, S. W., Lange Rotterstr. 106, I. Mannheim.

V. f. L. am Bodensee (E. V.) S. W., Zummsteinstr. 11, Schwedenchanze 3a, Konstanz.

V. f. L. at Lake Constance (E. V.) S. W., Zummsteinstr. 11, Schwedenchanze 3a, Konstanz.

V. f. L. Darmstadt, S. W., Darmstadt, I.

V. f. L. Gieben, S. W., Seltersweg 56, I., Gieben.

V. f. L. Kolmar (Posen), (E. V.) O. Privinzialbank, Kommanditgesellschaft a. A., Kolmar i. Pos.

V. f. L. Kolmar (Poznan), (E. V.) O. Provincial Bank, Limited Partnership a. A., Kolmar in Poz.

V. f. L. Limbach (Sa, u. Umgegend) (E. V.) Postr. 5, Limbach (Sachsen).

V. f. L. Limbach (Sa, u. Umgegend) (E. V.) Postr. 5, Limbach (Saxony).

V. f. L. in Mainz (E. V.) S. W., Grosse Bleiche 48, Mainz.

V. f. L. in Worms, S. W., Worms, I.

V. f. L. und Flugtechnik Nurnberg-Furth, Klaragasse 2 I, Nurnberg.

V. f. L. and Flight Technology Nuremberg-Furth, Klaragasse 2 I, Nuremberg.

V. f. L. in Weimar (E. V.) Erfurter Str. 9, Weimar.

Vogtlandischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Plauen i. V, Furstenstr. 89.

Vogtlandischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Plauen i. V, Fürstenstr. 89.

Westfalisch-Lippischer Luftfahrverein (E. V.) N. W., Kavalleriestr, Petri, Bielefeld.

Westphalian Lippe Air Sports Club (E. V.) N. W., Kavalleriestr, Petri, Bielefeld.

Westfalish-Markischer Luftfahrer-Verein, Herne, I.

Westphalian-Markish Aviation Club, Herne, I.

Westpreussicher V. f. L. (E. V.) O., Dr. Waldmann, Abte-inng Schiffbau, Technische Hochschule, Danzig-Langfuhr.

West Prussian V. f. L. (E. V.) O., Dr. Waldmann, Department of Shipbuilding, Technical University, Danzig-Langfuhr.

Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft fur Flugtechnik, Nollendorfplatz 3, Berlin W. 30.

Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft für Flugtechnik, Nollendorfplatz 3, Berlin W. 30.

Wurttenbergischer Flugsport-Club, S. Hegelstr. 4b, Stuttgart.

Wurttenberg Flying Club, S. Hegelstr. 4b, Stuttgart.

Wurtembergischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. am Salzmannsweg 21, Stuttgart.

Wurtembergischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. at Salzmannsweg 21, Stuttgart.

Zwickauer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Hauptmarkt 20, Zwickau i. S.

Zwickauer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Main Market 20, Zwickau i. S.

[Pg 128]

GERMAN MILITARY AVIATION.

Army General.

The new Army law provides £400,000 (80 million marks) for Army aviation (including dirigibles), in addition to a considerable share of the £4,000,000 which is being spread over a period of five years.

The new Army law allocates £400,000 (80 million marks) for Army aviation (including airships), in addition to a significant portion of the £4,000,000 that will be distributed over five years.

The Army aerial force will be commanded by 2 inspector generals. The aviation force is put at 4 batallions.

The Army air force will be led by 2 inspector generals. The aviation force consists of 4 battalions.

Headquarters: Berlin. Stations: Aachen, Allenstein, Cologne, Darmstadt, Doebritz, Freiburg, Graudenz, Hannover, Insterburg, Jüterbog, Koenigsberg, Metz, Posen, Strassburg, Zeithain.

The scheme will be complete by the end of the year.

The plan will be finished by the end of the year.

Army Flying Schools.

Diedenhofen.
Doeberitz.

Metz.
Oberwiesenfeld bei München (Bavarian).
Saarburg.

Sperenberg bei Jüterbog.

Army Aeroplanes.

At the end of 1912 the aeroplane force was as follows:—

At the end of 1912, the airplane force was as follows:—

Bought in 1911:

Purchased in 1911:

10 monoplanes (2 Grade, 1 Schultze, 5 Rumpler).
25 biplanes (3 Albatross, 22 Farman type.)

Bought in 1912:

Purchased in 1912:

91 monoplanes (20 Bristol, 1 Dorner, 2 Etrich Taube, 2 Grade, 6 Harlan, 20 Mars, 40 Rumpler Taube).
144 biplanes (50 Albatros, 12 Aviatik, 30 Euler, 10 Otto, 2 L.V.G., 10 Mars, 6 Wrights).

Making a total of 270 of which number about 200 were war-effectives.

Making a total of 270, with around 200 being combat-ready.

For 1913 there are 200 new aeroplanes building or provided for.

For 1913, there are 200 new airplanes being built or supplied.

Under the new regulations, military machines must comply with the following conditions:—

Under the new regulations, military equipment must meet the following conditions:—

Must be of entirely German manufacture, with ample and comfortable seating accommodation for pilot and passenger.
Design must permit of fitting bomb droppers and photographic apparatus.
Speed capabilities must not be less than 90 kilometres (56 m.p.h.)
Dimensions must not exceed 49 feet span (14.50 m.), 39 feet long (12 m.), 13 feet high (3.50 m.), and the motor not more than 100 h.p.
Minimum endurance, 4 hours.

Army Aviators.

Ackermann, Lt. K.
Albrecht, Ob-Lt. K.
Altrichter, Lt. K.
v. Apell, Lt. K.
Barends, Lt.
von Beaulieu, Ob-Lt. W.
Berlin, Ob-Lt. E.
Blume, Lt. W.
Boeder, Lt. O.
Braun, Lt.
Busch, Lt. H.
v. Buttlar, Lt. W.
Canter, Lt.
Cipa, T.
Coerper, W. Lt.
von Detten, Lt. G.
Demmel, Lt. M.>br/> Dransfield, Lt. E.
Eich, H.
von Eickstedt, Ob-Lt. V.
Erhardt, Ob-Lt, R. (119)
von Falkenhayn, Lt. F. E.
Graf Finck von Finckenstein, Lt. L.
Fisch, Lt. W. (107)
von Freyberg-Eisenberg-Allmendingen, Lt. F. E.
Funck, Lt. W.
Geerdtz, F. H. (133)
von Gersdorff, Ob-Lt. E.
Geyer, Lt. H.
Goebel, Ob-Lt. W.
Grade, W. H. St. (20)
von Hadeln, Lt. F.
v. Hammacher, Lt. (49)
von Hammerstein Gesmold, Ob-Lt. F.A.
Hantelmann, Ob-Lt. M.
von Helldorf, Ob-Lt.

v. Hiddessen, F. Lt. (47)
Hildebrand, Ob-Lt. F.
Hofer, Ob-Lt. W.
Höpker, Lt. A.
von Jagwitz, Lt. F.
Joly, Lt. A.
Justi, Lt. K.
Kahl, H.
Kastner, Lt. H.
Keim, Lt. J. (127)
Keller, Lt. G.
Koch, Lt. W
Kohr, Lt. R.
Lauer, Lt. R.
Lauterbach, Ob-Lt. F.
von Lichtenfels, Lt. S. (51)
von Liusingen, Lt. L.
Ludewig, F. Ob-Lt.
Meyer, Lt. W. (136)
von Minkwitz, Lt. H.
von Mirbach, Lt. K.
Mudra, Lt. H. (95)
Neumann, Ob-Lt. H.
von Obernitz, Ob-Lt. W.
Oelsner, Lt. W.
von Oertzen, Ob-Lt. J.
von Osterroht, Lt. P-H.
Petri, Ob-Lt. F. (120)
Pfeifer, Lt. L.
Pirner, Lt. H. K.
von Poser und Gross-Nädlitz, Ob-Lt. F.
Püschel, Ob-Lt. K.
Rapmund, Lt. M.
Reiche, Lt. A.
v. Reichenberg-Wolfskeel, Graf. (93)

Reinhardt, Lt. S.
Reuss, Lt. W.
Ritter, Lt. K. (121)
Roser, H. H. (83)
Schäfer, Ob-Lt. L.
v. Scheele, Lt. A.
Schlegel, Lt. O.
Schneider, Lt. H.
Schreyer, F.
Schulz, Lt. J.
Schwartzkopff, Lt. H.
Serno, Lt. E.
Sieber, Lt. H.
Solmitz, F. Lt.
Sommer, Lt. P.
Steindorf, H.
Steger, O. Lt.
von Stoephasius, Lt. M.
Striper, Lt. F.
Suren, Lt. E.
Suren, Lt. G.
Suren, Lt. H.
Taeufert, Lt. W.
v. Tiedemann, Ob-Lt. R. (17)
von Trotha, Ob-Lt.
Vogt, Lt.
v. Wedemeyer, Ob-Lt. E.
Wendler, Lt. W.
Weyer, Lt. G.
Wiegandt, Lt. W.
Wilberg, Ob-Lt. H. (26)
Wildt, Lt. K. (43)
Wirth, Ob-Lt. W. (92)
Wulff, Lt. A.
Zwickau, Lt. K.

[Pg 129]

Navy General.

The 1913 expenditure on naval aviation (including dirigibles) is £250,000 (50 million marks), plus a portion of the special expenditure.

The 1913 spending on naval aviation (including airships) is £250,000 (50 million marks), plus part of the special spending.

Naval Flying Schools.

Holminsel b. Danzig.

Holminsel b. Gdańsk.

Putzig b. Danzig.

Putzig in Danzig.

Naval Stations.

North Sea.—Cuxhaven (staff to be 5 officers and 192 under officers and men), Emden and Hamburg.

North Sea.—Cuxhaven (staff will consist of 5 officers and 192 non-commissioned officers and soldiers), Emden, and Hamburg.

Baltic.—Kiel, Putzig and Konigsberg.

Baltic.—Kiel, Putzig, and Kaliningrad.

General Headquarters.—Berlin.

Headquarters.—Berlin.

Each station will ultimately consist of one dirigible and a number of hydro-aeroplanes.

Each station will eventually have one airship and several seaplanes.

Navy Aeroplanes.

At the end of 1912 the total effective force was:—

At the end of 1912, the total active force was:—

4 monoplanes (Rumpler hydro.)
10 biplanes (4 Albatros hydro., 2 Curtiss hydro., 4 Euler).

Total 14

The Curtiss were purchased towards the end of 1911, all the others in 1912.

The Curtiss was bought near the end of 1911, and the rest were acquired in 1912.

All are or can be fitted with wireless, range 50 miles.

All are or can be equipped with wireless, with a range of 50 miles.

1913. Others on order, including Ottos on floats (A.G.O.), of which one was delivered in April.

Navy Aviators.

Bertram, Ob-Lt. (123)
Coulmann, W.
Francke, Ob-Lt. C. (142)
Goltz, Kap-Lt. K.

von Gorrissen, Lt. (4)
Hartmann, R. Ob-Lt. (96)
Hering, Kap-Lt. M.
Janetzky, Kap-Lt. W.

Langfield, Ob-Lt. W.
Prinz Heinrich von Preussen (38)
Schroeter, Ob-Lt. W.
Stemmler, B.

[Pg 130]

GERMAN PRIVATE AVIATION.

To end of March, 1913.

To the end of March 1913.

Private Aeroplanes.

Private Planes.

At end of March, 1913, the number of private aeroplanes in Germany was about 80, of which most were school, etc., machines.

At the end of March 1913, the number of private airplanes in Germany was around 80, most of which were training or similar types of aircraft.

Abelmann, Carl
Abramowitch, Wasewolod
Albers, Wilhelm
Alig, Ernst.
Arntzen, Orla, Dr. jur.
Schirrmeister, Hans
Badowski, Ludwig
Baierlein, Anton
Basser, Gustav
Beck, Otto
Becker, Reinhold
Beese, Frl.
Behrend, Adolf
Berliner, Rudolf
v. Bieber, Harald, Dr. jur.
Birkmaier, August
Blattmann, Ernst
Bohlig, Edmund
Bosenius, Rudolf
Bossin, Fritz
Boutard, Charles
Braselmann, Karl
Breton, Raymond Arthur
Brociner, Marco
Brunnhuber, Simon
Büchner, Bruno
Charlett, Willi
Clauberg, Fritz
Cremer, Fritz
Curdts, Carl
De Waal, Bernard
Dick, Fritz
Donnevert, Willy
Dorner, Hermann
Dücker, Werner
Eberhardt, Alfred
Eckardt, Willy
Eckelmann, Frank
Engelhard, Paul
Erblich, Heinz
Euler, August
Evers, Heinrich
Eyring, Raymund (Dr. Huth)
Falderbaum, Heinz
Faller, Artur
Faller, Otto
Flégier, Th. v.
Fokker, Anthony
Fremery, Hemmann
Friedrich, Alfred
Gasser, Hermann
Geiss, Franz
Georgi, Johannes
v. Gorrissen, Ellery
Grade, Hans
Griebel, Otto, Leutnant a D.
Grulich, Karl
Grünberg, Arthur
Haas, Heinrich
Hansen, Hans
Hanuschke, Bruno
Hartmann, Alfred
Hasenkamp, Emil
Häusler, Hugo
Heim, Oskar
Heirler, Paul
Hennig, Alfred
Hess, Robert
Heydenreich, Fritz
Hild, Luc.
Hintner, Cornelius
Hirrlinger, Albert
Hirth, Helmuth
Hoff, Wilhelm
Hoffmann, Siegfr.
Hoos, Josef, Dr. jur.

Hormel, Walter
Horn, Albin
Hoesli, Gordian
Ingold, Karl
Jablonski, Bruno
Jahnow, Reinhold, Leutn. d. Landw.
Jänisch, M.
Jeannin, Emil
Kahnt, Oswald
Kammerer, K. F. Ludwig
Kaniss, Gustav
Kanitz, Willy
Karsten, Otto
Kaspar, Referendar
Katzian, Artemy
Keidel, Fridolin
Kern, Willy
Kiepert, Rudolf
Kleinle, Josef
Kober, Theodor
Köhler, Erich
Kohnert, Herbert
König, Benno
König, Martin
Krastel, Heinz, Reimar
Krieg, Friedrich
Krieger, Karl
Krüger, Leutnant a. D.
Krüger, Arthur
Krumsiek, Wilhelm
Kühne, Ernst Herbert
Kunze, Ernst
Kurtscheid, Nicolaus
Ladewig, Heinz.
Ladewig, Herbert, Leutnant, Inf.-Regt.
Lagler, Fräulein Bozena
Laitsch, Felix
Laemmlin, Charles
Lange, Paul
Langer, Bruno
Lecomte, Ingenieur
Lenk, Willy
Lichte, Carl
Lie, Christian
Lindpaintner, Otto E.
Linnekogel, Otto
Lissauer, Walter
Lochner, Erich
Loew, Karl
Lübbe, Fluglehrer
Manhardt, Alfred Willy
Mente, Willy, Oberleutnant a. D.
Meybaum, Theodor
Michaelis, G. A.
Mischewsky, Bernard
Mohns, Karl
Möhring, Charlotte
v. Mossner, Robert, Oberleutnant a. D.
Mügge, Wilhelm, Kapitan d. Handelsmarine
Müller, B. C. Oscar
Müller, Friedrich
Müller, Karl
Müller, Kurt
Munkelt, Kurt
Mürau, Georg
Netzow, Georg
Niemela, Edmund, Leutnant a. D.
Noelle, Max
Oelerich, Heinrick
Oster, Franz
Ottenbacher, Ernst
Otto, Gustav
Paul, Alfred
Pentz, Hermann
Pietschker, Alfred
Placzikowski, Udo

von Platen, Horst
Plochmann, Ernst
Pokristev, Penn, Oberleutnant
Poulain, Gabriel
Reeb, Alfred
Reichhardt, Otto
Rentzel, Adolf
Rode, Franz
de le Roi, Wolfram
Roempler, Oskar
Rosenstein, Willy
Roessler, Fritz
Rost, Gottlieb
v. Rottenburg, Otto
Roever, Hans
Rupp, Albert
Rütgers, August
Schadt, Karl
Schäfer, Otto
Schakowskoy, Fürstin Eugenie
Schall, Karl
Schauenburg, Theodor
Schendel, Georg
Scherff, Mauricio
Schiedeck, Hermann
v. Schimpf, Ernst, Dr. jur
Schirrmeister, Hans
Schlatter, Joseph
Schlegel, Ernst
Schlüter, Fritz
Schmidt, Erich
Schmidt, Richard
Schmigulski, Hans
Schöner, Georg
Schultze, Gustav
Schüpphaus, Heinrich Ernst
Schwandt, Paul
Schwarz, Erwin
Sedlmayer, Gerhard
Senge, Paul
Seydler, Frank
Siewert, Lotherm
Steffen, Bruno
Steinbeck, Hans
Stiefvater, Otto
Stöffler, Victor
Stoldt
Stoephasius, Curt von
Strack, Karl
Strack, Peter
Stüber, Joachim, Leutnant d. R.
Suvelack, Josef
Thelen, Robert
Thiele, Erich
Toepfer, Otto
Trautwein, Max
Treitschke, Friedrich
Tybelski, Franz
Tweer, Gustav
Vollmöller, Hans
Wecsler, Rubin
Weickert, Julius Artur
Weinaug, Ernst
Werntgen, Bruno
Wertheim, Paul
Weyl, Richard
Wiencziers, Eugen
Wieting, Werner
Wirtz, Reinerm
Witte, Gustav
Wittenstein, Oskar, Dr.
Witterstätter, E. W.
Wolter, Richard
von Zastrow, Alexanderm

Note.—Abramowitch was a Russian by birth (killed April, 1913).

Note.—Abramowitch was originally from Russia (died in April 1913).

The following German aviators have been killed:—

The following German pilots have been killed:—

1896.
Lilienthal

1910.
Haas, Lieut.
Mente, Lieut.
Plochmann
Robl, Thaddeus

1911.
Bockmüller
Bournique ("Pierre Marie")
Choendel
Dax
Englehardt, Kapt.
Eyring, R.
Frh. v. Freytag-Loringhoven
Laemmlin
Lecomte
Neumann, Lieut.
Reeb
Pietschker
Schendel, G.
Stein, Lieut.
Tachs
Voss

1912.
Alig
Altrichter
Beissbarth
Berger
Birkymayer
Buchstätter
v. Falkenhayn
Frh. v. Schlichting
Fischer
Hamburger
Hofer
Hösli
Junghans
König
Kugler
Lachmann
Lang
Libau
Meyer
Preusser
Pochmeyer
Rheinle

Rost
Schmidt
Schmigulski
Stille
Werntgen
Witte

1913.
Held
Schlegel

[Pg 131]

GERMAN AEROPLANES.

A

ALBATROS.

Albatroswerke G.m.b. H, Flugzeugfabr. u. Fliegerschule, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Established 1910. One of the largest constructors in Germany. Capacity: 150 machines a year.

Albatroswerke G.m.b.H, Aircraft Manufacturing and Flight School, Johannisthal near Berlin. Established 1910. One of the largest manufacturers in Germany. Capacity: 150 aircraft per year.

		1911-12. 2-seat tractor biplane.	Military tractor biplane.	1912. Military tractor	1912-13. Hydro.	Mono.
Length	feet (m.)	35-1/2 (10.70)	34-1/2 (10.5)	42-1/2 (12.8)	...	...
Span	feet (m.)	43-2/3 (13.30)	52-1/2 (16)	65-3/4 (20)	...	...
Area	sq. feet (m².)	430 (40)	576 (54)	624 (58.5)	...	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1058 (480)	1543 (700)	1874 (850)	...	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Argus	90 Mercedes or 100 Argus	120 N.A.G. or Aust. Daimler	...	...
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	59 (95)	46 (75)	...	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	6	6	7-5	...	...
Number built during 1912		about 40	70	30	4	2

Remarks.—In all the upper plane is slightly staggered. In all the control is duplicated.

Remarks.—In all cases, the upper plane is slightly offset. In all cases, the controls are duplicated.

ALBATROS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 132]

Albatross. Military hydro-biplane.

Albatross. Monoplane.

[Pg 133]

AVIATIK.

Autemobil & Aviatik A.G., Mülhausen i.E. Established 1910. Capacity: 100 a year.

Autemobil & Aviatik A.G., Mülhausen i.E. Established 1910. Capacity: 100 per year.

1912 biplane.

		1912. Monoplane.	1912. Biplane.	1913. Racing biplane.	1912-13. Hydro-biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/2 (8)	36 (11)	29-1/2 (9)	36 (11)
Span	feet (m.)	39 (11.80)	52-1/2 (16)	52-1/2 (16)	62-1/3 (19)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	258 (.24)	517 (48)	517 (48)	597 (56)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1146 (520)	1323 (600)	1234 (560)	1653 (750)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	661 (300)	882 (400)	882 (400)	661 (300)
Motor	h.p.	100 Argus	100 Argus	100 Argus	100 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	68-1/2 (110)	56 (90)	62 (100)	52 (80)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	5	6-8	7-8	4-5
Number built during 1912		6	20	4	3

Remarks.—The monoplanes are constructed under Hanriot license.

Remarks.—The monoplanes are built under Hanriot license.

1913 tractor-biplane (racer).

Monoplane.

[Pg 134]

D

DELFOSSE.

Ceased to construct.

Stopped building.

Dorner

DORNER III. Monoplane.

Length.—34½ feet (10.50 m.) Span.—39-1/3 feet (12 m.) Surface.—280 sq. feet (126 m².) Weight.—882 lbs. (400 kgs.)

Type II: Length.—32¾ feet (10 m.) Span.—38 feet (11.60 m.) Surface.—268½ sq. feet (25 m².) Weight.—661 lbs. (300 kgs.) See Flugsport, No. 5, 1911.

E

ETRICH.

Etrich Fliegerwerke, G.m.b. H, Dittersbach b. Liebau (Schlesien). Capacity: 50 a year.

Etrich Fliegerwerke, G.m.b.H, Dittersbach b. Liebau (Silesia). Capacity: 50 per year.

		1913. Etrich (original) Taube. monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.5)
Span	feet (m.)	47-1/2 (14.4)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	301 (28)
Weight	Total lbs. (kgs.)	1323 (600)
	Useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Mercedes or Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	71 to 75 (115 to 120)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	6

Remarks.[Pg 135]—

Notes.[Pg 135]—

EULER.

August Euler, Frankfurt a.M. In 1908 Euler secured Voisin rights for Germany. In 1910 he took out a patent for a design of his own. In the summer of 1911 he built a successful monoplane, in the autumn of the same year a triplane. Existing models are as follows:—

August Euler, Frankfurt a.M. In 1908, Euler obtained rights for Voisin in Germany. In 1910, he patented his own design. In the summer of 1911, he built a successful monoplane, and in the autumn of the same year, a triplane. The existing models are as follows:—

		1912. Triplane.	1912. Monoplane.	Military biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	23 (7)
Span	feet (m.)	23 (7)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	no data	no data
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	3-4
Number built during 1912		about 70	of various types

Euler. Triplane.

Euler. Monoplane, 1912.

Euler. Military biplane.

[Pg 136]

F

FOKKER.

Monoplanes. Fokker-Aeroplanbau, G. m. b. H., 18 Parkstrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Capacity: 40.

Monoplanes. Fokker-Aeroplanbau, G. m. b. H., 18 Parkstrasse, Johannisthal near Berlin. Capacity: 40.

		1912. A.	1912. B.	1912-13. A.	1912-13. B.	1912-13. C.	1913. Hydro-aeroplane.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	26-3/4 (8.25)	29-1/2 (9)	29-1/2 (9)	29-1/2 (9)	31 (9.50)
Span	feet (m.)	37-3/4 (11.50)	39-1/3 (12)	42-3/4 (13.20)	42-3/4 (13.20)	42-3/4 (13.20)	52-1/2 (16.20)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	226 (21)	242 (22.50)	280 (26)	280 (26)	280 (26)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	838 (380)	1036 (470)	970 (440)	1146 (520)	1190 (540)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Argus	100 Argus	70 Argus or Dixi	100 Argus	70 Renault	100 Renault or Mercedes
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	68 (108)	52 (83)	60 (96)	53 (85)	59 (95)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	43 (70)	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	4-6	4-6	5-8	5-8	4-6	4
Number built during 1912		3	2	6	5	2	...

Remarks.—The Fokker is a machine of Dutch origin. (See Dutch).

Remarks.—The Fokker is a machine that comes from the Netherlands. (See Dutch).

1912-13 model.

Hydro.

FOHN.

This firm ceased to exist January, 1913.

This company went out of business in January 1913.

[Pg 137]

G

GRADE.

Hans Grade Fliegerwerke, Bork, Post Bruck (Mark). Founded 1910 by H. Grade, who was the first man in Germany to fly with a German machine. During 1911 Grades had a considerable vogue, but since then have not been prominent.

Hans Grade Fliegerwerke, Bork, Post Bruck (Mark). Founded in 1910 by H. Grade, who was the first person in Germany to fly with a German aircraft. During 1911, Grades gained significant popularity, but they haven't been as prominent since then.

1912 racer.

Model and date.		Racer, 1911. C.	Racer, 1912. D.	Racer, 1912. E.
Length	feet (m.)	33 (10)	21 (6.50)	26-1/4 (8)
Span	feet (m.)	39-1/4 (12)	34-1/2 (10.50)	41 (12.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	480 (45)	240 (22)	360 (33)
Weight	machine, lbs. (kgs.)	375 (170)	408 (185)	595 (270)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	... ...	... ...	... ...
Motor	h.p.	various	... ...	... ...
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	71 (115)	71 (115)
Number built during 1912		?	1 or 2	?

GRADE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 138]

GOEDECKER.

J. Goedecker, Flugmaschinen-Werke, Niederwalluf a. Rh. Flying School: Flugplatz Grosser Sand bei Mainz.

J. Goedecker, Aircraft Works, Niederwalluf a. Rh. Flying School: Airport Grosser Sand near Mainz.

GOEDECKER.

		1912. Monoplane "Sturmvogel."	1911. Monoplane "Sturmvogel."
Length	feet (m.)	32-3/4 (10)	29-1/2 (9)
Span	feet (m.)	47-3/4 (14.5)	47-3/4 (14.5)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	387 (36)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	992 (459)	827 (375)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Dixi	70 Argus
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	...
Number built during 1912		8	2

H

HANSA-TAUBE.

Heinrich Heitmann, Aviatik und Konstructions Werkstätten, Altona.

Heinrich Heitmann, Aviation and Construction Workshops, Altona.

		1912. Monoplane.	1913. Monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	24-3/4 (7.5)	24-3/4 (7.5)
Span	feet (m.)	36-3/4 (11.2)	36-3/4 (11.2)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	237 (22)	237 (22)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	617 (280)	573 (260)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	75 or 100 Argus	100 Argus
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	56 to 62 (95 to 100)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		2	2

Remarks. [Pg 139]—

Comments. [Pg 139]—

HARLAN.

Harlan Werke, G. m. b. H., 21 Moltkestrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Established 1909, turned into present Company, 1911. Output capacity about 50 machines a year.

Harlan Werke, G. m. b. H., 21 Moltkestrasse, Johannisthal near Berlin. Established in 1909, became the current company in 1911. Production capacity is around 50 machines per year.

		1912. Military monoplane.	1912-13. Military monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	30 (9.10)
Span	feet (m.)	39-1/3 (12)	45-1/2 (13.80)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	312 (29)	312 (29)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	1984 (900)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	1323 (600)
Motor	h.p.	100 Argus or Mercedes	100 Argus
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)	69 (110)
Endurance	hrs.	7-8	7-8
Number built during 1912		20	15

[Pg 140]

HANUSCHKE.

Bruno Hanuschke, Flugzeugbau, Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.

Bruno Hanuschke, Aircraft Manufacturing, Johannisthal near Berlin. Capacity: small.

		1912. "Typ populaire"	1913. Typ II.
Length	feet (m.)	24-3/4 (7.50)	21 (6.50)
Span	feet (m.)	27 (8.25)	26-1/4 (8)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	183 (17)	172 (16)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	716 (325)	1102 (500)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	385 (175)	600 (275)
Motor	h.p.	35 Anzani	50 Gnome
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	62 (100)
Endurance	hrs.	2	2
Number built during 1912		2	2

Remarks.—

Comments.—

J

JATHO.

Jatho Flugzeugwerke, G. m. b. H., Stader Chaussee 32, Hannover. Karl Jatho built his first aeroplane in 1899, and has produced machines at intervals ever since. Capacity: small.

Jatho Flugzeugwerke, G. m. b. H., Stader Chaussee 32, Hannover. Karl Jatho built his first airplane in 1899 and has been producing aircraft intermittently ever since. Capacity: small.

		1913.
Length	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)
Span	feet (m.)	49-1/4 (15)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	345 (32)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	2116 (960)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	992 (450)
Motor	h.p.	100 N.A.G.
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	75 (120)
Endurance	hrs.	3
Number built during 1912		2

Remarks.[Pg 141]—

Remarks.

JEANNIN.

Emile Jeannin, Flugzeugbau, G. m. b. H., Stahltauben & Renneindecker Fabrik, Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.

Emile Jeannin, Aircraft Manufacturing, LLC, Steel Doves & Racing Monoplane Factory, Johannisthal near Berlin. Capacity: small.

1912 "Taube."

		1912. "Taube" monoplane.	1913. Racing monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)	...
Span	feet (m.)	42-3/4 (13)	...
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100-150 Argus	150 Argus
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	68 (110)	87 (140)
Endurance	hrs.	5-8	4-7
Number built during 1912		2	3

Remarks.—The 1913 was building only in March.

Remarks.—The 1913 was under construction only in March.

K

KAHNT.

Oswald Kahnt, Flugzeugbau, Leipzig. Capacity: small.

Oswald Kahnt, Aircraft Manufacturing, Leipzig. Capacity: small.

		K. F. 1913. "Falke."
Length	feet (m.)	27-3/4 (8.50)
Span	feet (m.)	42-3/4 (13)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	291 (27)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	50-70
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		new firm

[Pg 142]

KONDOR.

Kondor Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Essen, Ruhr. Fabrik auf dem Flugplatz. Rotthausen. Capacity: 30 or so a year.

Kondor Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Essen, Ruhr. Factory at the airfield. Rotthausen. Capacity: about 30 per year.

1913 model. (1912 same appearance.)

		1912.	1913.
Length	feet (m.)	33-3/4 (10.30)	27 (8.20)
Span	feet (m.)	48-3/4 (14.80)	46 (14)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	258 (24)	280 (26)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1543 (700)	1328 (600)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	100 Argus	100 Argus
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	65 (105)	70 (112)
Number built during 1912		2	...

Remarks.—Both models torpedo body, on 4 skids. Planes dart V form. Constructor: J. Suwelack.

Remarks.—Both models feature a torpedo body with 4 skids. The planes are arranged in a V shape. Constructor: J. Suwelack.

KÜHLSTEIN.

Kühlstein Wagenbau, Karosseriefabrik, Salzufer 4, Charlottenburg. This old-established motor car firm commenced to build aeroplanes in 1911. Capacity: 20 a year.

Kühlstein Wagenbau, Body Factory, Salzufer 4, Charlottenburg. This long-established car company started making airplanes in 1911. Capacity: 20 per year.

96 h.p.

		1912. Torpedo monoplane. I.	1912. Torpedo monoplane. II.
Length	feet (m.)	29-3/4 (9.10)	27 (8.2)
Span	feet (m.)	40-3/4 (12.4)	35-1/2 (10.8)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	291 (27)	215 (20)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1984 (900)	2204 (1000)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	1322 (600)	1543 (700)
Motor	h.p.	100 Argus	96 Mercedes
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	84 (135)	87 (140)
Endurance	hrs.	3	3
Number built during 1912		2	2

Remarks.[Pg 143]—

Remarks.

M

MARS.

Deutsche Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Lindenthal bei Leipzig. Established 1911. This is one of the most important and successful aviation works in Germany. Capacity: from 80 to 100 machines a year.

Deutsche Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Lindenthal near Leipzig. Established 1911. This is one of the most significant and successful aviation companies in Germany. Capacity: 80 to 100 aircraft per year.

Mars. Monoplane.

		1912-13. Monoplane.	1912-13. Biplane.	1913. Hydro-aeroplane.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.7)	31 (9.7)
Span	feet (m.)	55-1/4 (16.8)	57 (17.8)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	376 (35)	495 (46)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1234 (560)	1434 (650)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	1808 (820)	2006 (910)	Building.
Motor	h.p.	95 N.A.G.	95 Mercedes
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	120 (75)	115 (71)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	5-6	4-6
Number built during 1912		6	16

Remarks.—

Comments.

Mars. Biplane.

MROZINSKI.

Bernard Mrozinski, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Established 1912.

Bernard Mrozinski, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Founded 1912.

Length, 23 feet (7 m.) span, 32¾ feet (10 m.) area, 215 sq. feet (20 m².)
Weight.—661 lbs. (300 kgs.) Motor.—20 h.p. Anzani. Speed.—50 m.p.h. (80 km.)

Length: 23 feet (7 m) span: 32¾ feet (10 m) area: 215 sq. feet (20 m²)
Weight: 661 lbs (300 kgs) Motor: 20 h.p. Anzani Speed: 50 m.p.h. (80 km)

Remarks.—One machine only built in 1912.[Pg 144]

Remarks.—There was only one machine made in 1912.[Pg 144]

O

OERTZ.

Max Oertz, Yachtwerft, Reiherstieg b. Hamburg. Famous yacht builder. Commenced aeroplane construction in 1911. Existing models as below. Capacity about 25 machines a year.

Max Oertz, Yachtwerft, Reiherstieg near Hamburg. Renowned yacht builder. Started airplane production in 1911. Current models listed below. Capacity of around 25 aircraft per year.

1912-13 model.

		M 1911-12. Monoplane.	M 1912-13. Monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)	30-1/4 (9.2)
Span	feet (m.)	41-3/4 (12.75)	41-3/4 (12.75)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	247 (23)	263 (24.5)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	948 (430)	1212 (550)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Gnome	70 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)	75 (120)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	3	4
Number built during 1912		3	1

OTTO.

Gustav Otto, Flugmaschinenwerke, Schleissheimer Str. 135, Munich. Started building in 1911. Present max. capacity about 30 machines a year.

Gustav Otto, Flugmaschinenwerke, Schleissheimer Str. 135, Munich. Began production in 1911. Current maximum capacity is approximately 30 machines per year.

		M 1912. Biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	...
Span	feet (m.)	...
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	100 A. G. Otto.
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	6-8
Number built during 1912		6

Remarks.—All 1912 machines purchased for German Army.[Pg 145]

Remarks.—All 1912 machines bought for the German Army.[Pg 145]

P

PEGA-EMICH.

Flugtechnische und mechanische Werke vorm. Pega & Emich, Falterstrasse 13-15, Griesheim, Frankurt-a-M. Commenced building with a 6-decker in 1910. Capacity: small.

Flugtechnische und mechanische Werke vorm. Pega & Emich, Falterstraße 13-15, Griesheim, Frankfurt-a-M. Started construction with a 6-decker in 1910. Capacity: small.

		1913. Buteno monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	39-1/4 (12)
Span	feet (m.)	46 (14)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	355 (33)
Weight	total lbs. (kg.)	838 (380)
	useful lbs. (kg.)	1102 (500)
Motor	h.p.	70 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	2
Number built during 1912.		...

PIPPART-NOLL.

Pippart-Noll-Flugzeugbau, Mannheim.

Pippart-Noll Aircraft Manufacturing, Mannheim.

Type.		P. N. 1 Sporting. 1912.	P. N. 2. "Uberland" 1912.	P. N. 3. Military. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.50)	28 (8.50)	28 (8.50 also 7)
Span	feet (m.)	34-1/2 (10.50)	39-1/3 (12)	45 (13.70)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	215 (20)	280 (26)	300 (28)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	617 (280)	838 (380)	1234 (560)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	330 (150)	463 (210)	441 (200)
Motor	h.p.	70 Argus	70 Argus	70 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	59 (95)	62 (100)	68 (110)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	50 (80)
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		1	1	1

[Pg 146]

R

RUMPLER.

E. Rumpler, Luftfahrzeugbau G. m. b. H., Siegfriedstrasse 202, Berlin-Lichtenberg, also Johannisthal b. Berlin. Established 1909 by E. Rumpler and R. Haessner for the construction in Germany of Etrich (see Austria) monoplanes. These now vary considerably from the original Etrich. Capacity at present about 200 to 300 machines a year. Standard models are as follows:—

E. Rumpler, Aircraft Manufacturing LLC, Siegfriedstrasse 202, Berlin-Lichtenberg, also Johannisthal near Berlin. Founded in 1909 by E. Rumpler and R. Haessner to build Etrich (see Austria) monoplanes in Germany. These have now changed significantly from the original Etrich. The current capacity is around 200 to 300 aircraft per year. The standard models are as follows:—

		1912. Monoplane.	1912. "Taube."	1913. Hydro.
Length	feet (m.)	29-3/4 (9.50)	34 (10.30)	33 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	41-1/2 (12.65)	46 (14)	49-1/4 (15)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	247 (23)	336 (32)	387 (36)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1398 (630)	1190 (540)	1328 (600)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	771 (350)	551 (230)	485 (220)
Motor	h.p.	95 Mercedes	100 Argus	100 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	81 (130)	59 (95)	56 (90)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	6-7	4-6	...
Number built during 1912		1	60	3

Rumpler. Hydro-aeroplane.

Rumpler. Monoplane.

Rumpler. "Taube." With limousine body.

[Pg 147]

RUTH-ROHDE.

Ruth-Rohde, Motorgleitflieger, G. m. b. H., Wandsbeck. Established 1912. Capacity: small.

Ruth-Rohde, Motor Glider Company, LLC, Wandsbeck. Founded in 1912. Capacity: small.

		1912. Biplane I.	1912. Biplane II.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	26-1/4 (8)
Span	feet (m.)	36 (11)	45 (14)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	590 (55)	700 (65)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1653 (750)	1764 (800)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	75 Argus	75 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	55 (90)	55 (90)
	min. m.p.h.(km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	3	3-4
Number built during 1912.		1	1

S

SCHELIES.

Richard Schelies, Conventstrasse 5 und 5b, Hamburg 23. Flying Station, etc.: Dockenhuden a/Elbe.

Richard Schelies, Conventstrasse 5 and 5b, Hamburg 23. Flying Station, etc.: Dockenhuden a/Elbe.

		1913. Hydro-monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	23 (7)
Span	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	323 (30)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	705 (320)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	220 (100)
Motor	h.p.	Rheinische Aero 35
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	...

[Pg 148]

SCHULZE.

Gustav Schulze, Flugzeug Werke, Burg b. Magdeburg. Schulze began to build in 1910 light monoplanes, generally along Santos-Dumont lines. Maximum present capacity about 12 machines a year.

Gustav Schulze, Aircraft Works, Burg near Magdeburg. Schulze started building light monoplanes in 1910, usually following Santos-Dumont designs. The current maximum capacity is about 12 planes a year.

		1912. I.	1912. II.	1912. III (2-seater).	1913. I (2-seater).
Length	feet (m.)	19-3/4 (6)	26-1/4 (8)	21-1/3 (6.50)	23 (7)
Span	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	34-1/2 (10.50)	28 (8.50)	29-1/2 (9)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	172 (16)	215 (20)	172 (16)	194 (18)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	330 (150)	441 (200)	441 (200)	551 (250)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)		...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	24-30 Hilz	24-30 Hilz	35 Haacke	35 Haacke
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	48 (77)	53 (85)	56 (90)	53 (85)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	43 (70)	50 (80)	46 (75)
Number built during 1912.		1	3	1	Building.

SIGISMUND.

Prinz Sigismund von Preussen, Berlin.

Prince Sigismund of Prussia, Berlin.

Model and date.		Monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)
Span	feet (m.)	42-3/4 (13)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	323 (30)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	950 (430)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	395 (180)
Motor		Argus, 100
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)
Number built during 1912		2

[Pg 149]

U

UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE.

Union Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H. Elsenstrasse 106 & 107, Berlin s. o. 36. Established 1913. Capital 500,000 marks. Capacity of works: 20 machines a year.

Model and date.		Bomhard. Pfeilflieger, 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	32-3/4 (10)
Span	feet (m.)	59 (18)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	450 (42)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1235 (560)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	617 (280)
Motor		100 Argus
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	69 (110)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)
Number built during 1912		New firm

[Pg 150]

W

WRIGHT.

Flugmaschine Wright, G. m. b. H., Adlershof, bei Berlin. Company formed to trade in German rights for the Wright Bros.' patents. Considerable departures have been made from the U.S. pattern, and some have been built with a single propeller only. Capacity of works 100-150 a year.

Flugmaschine Wright, G. m. b. H., Adlershof, near Berlin. A company established to trade in German rights for the Wright Brothers' patents. Significant changes have been made from the U.S. model, and some have been built with just a single propeller. The production capacity is 100-150 aircraft per year.

Armoured war aeroplane.

		1912. Military.	1913. Sporting.	1913. Military.	1913. Military. 4-seater.
Length	feet (m.)	28 (8.50)	26-1/2 (8.20)	31-1/2 (9.65)	...
Span	feet (m.)	39-1/2 (12.20)	31 (9.60)	40-1/2 (12.50)	44-1/4 (13.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	452 (42)	323 (30)	463 (43)	463 (43)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	992 (450)	837 (380)	1433 (650)	1653 (750)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	882 (400)
Motor	h.p.	55 N.A.G.	55 N.A.G.	100 Argus or Mercedes	100
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	50 (80)	60 (95)	60 (95)	60 (95)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		10	?	...	...

Z

ZIEGLER.

Ziegler, Potsdam. Established late in 1912.

Ziegler, Potsdam. Founded in late 1912.

		1912-13. Monoplane.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.50)
Span	feet (m.)	39-1/3 (12)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	344 (32)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	881 (400)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	992 (450)
Motor	h.p.	100 N.A.G.
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	60 (90)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...
Endurance	hrs.	2
Number built in 1912		1

[Pg 151]

GERMAN DIRIGIBLES.

(Approximately 1000 m³=35,000 c. feet.)

(About 1000 m³ = 35,000 ft³.)

Military.

Date.		Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	Total H.P.	Speed. m.p.h. (km.)
1908	Z I	Zeppelin 3b	r.	12100	190	29 (46)	as rebuilt
1910	Z II	Zeppelin 9b	r.	18000	345	35 (56)	as rebuilt
	L. S I	Schütte Lanz 1	r.	20000	540	40 (62)
1912	Z III	Zeppelin 12	r.	17800	450	49 (79)	was Schwaben L. Z 10
	L I	Zeppelin 14	r.	22000	450	48 (77-1/2)	Naval: 1 gun
1913	Z IV (Z I Ersatz)	Zeppelin 15	r.	21000	450	48 (77-1/2)	4 guns
Building.	L II	Zeppelin 16	r.	21000	450	48 (77-1/2)	Naval: bldg. 4 guns
	S. L II	Schütte Lanz 2	r.	26000	450	48 (77-1/2)	Building
1908	P I	Parseval 2	n.r.	3800	85	33-1/2 (54)
1911	P III	Parseval 11	n.r.	11000	400	42-1/2 (67)
1912	M I	Gross-Bas 2	s.r.	6000	150	28 (45)	old 1908 rebuilt
	M II	Gross-Bas 3	s.r.	6000	150	28 (45)	old 1909 rebuilt
	M III	Gross-Bas 4	s.r.	9000	300	42-1/2 (67)	old 1910 rebuilt
1913	M IV	Gross-Bas 5	s.r.	12000	400	44-1/2 (70)	old 1911 rebuilt
	P II ersatz	Parseval 8	n.r.	8250	300	41 (66)	Building
	P IV	Parseval 16	n.r.	10000	360	45 (72)	Building

Private.[D]

Date.		Name.	Make.	Type.	Capacity in m³.	Total H.P.	Speed. m.p.h. (km.)
1910	DEUTCHLAND 2	Zeppelin 6a	r.	15000	345	36 (58)	Deutschland Ersatz Delag
1912	V. LUISE	Zeppelin 11	r.	17000	450	40 (62)	Delag
	HANSA	Zeppelin 13	r.	17000	450	40 (62)	Delag
1913 Bldg.	SACHSEN	Zeppelin 17	r.	21000		48 (77-1/2)	Building. Delag
1908	P. L 1	Parseval 1	n.r.	3200	185	20 (32)
1910	STOLLWERCK	Parseval 6	n.r.	9000	220	31 (50)
1911	P. L 9	Parseval 9	n.r.	2200	50	25 (40)	Sporting [E]
	R 2	Ruthenberg 2	n.r.	1700			Experimental
1912	SUCHARD	Suchard reb'lt	n.r.	6730	200	17 (28)	to be rebuilt 1913
	P. L XII	Parseval 12	n.r.	8800	220	33-1/2 (54)
1913	P. L 10	Parseval 10	n.r.	2200	50	25 (40)	Building: delayed
	R 3	Ruthenberg 3	n.r.	2700			Building

[D] P.L 9 reported sold to Turkey, April, 1913.

[E] Three other dirigibles, Unger, Veeh, and Siemens-Schuckert, are generally credited to Germany. Of these Unger is merely a project. Veeh has been talked about for four years, but has never reached completion. Siemens-S. has ceased to exist.

[E] Three other airships, Unger, Veeh, and Siemens-Schuckert, are usually associated with Germany. Of these, Unger is just a concept. Veeh has been discussed for four years but has never been finished. Siemens-S. is no longer in operation.

[Pg 152]

Dirigible Sheds.

(See Note.)

Bickendorf bei Köln.
Biesdorf bei Berlin.
*Bitterfeld (Parseval Co.)
Breslau.
Cuxhaven.
Düsseldorf (Delag)
Frankfurt a/m.
Friedrichshafen (Zeppelin Co.)

Gotha.
Hamburg (Delag).
*Johannisthal (L.V.G.)
Kiel (private).
Königsberg i/Pr.
Leichlingen.
Manzell (Zeppelin Co.)
Metz.
*München (private).

Oos bei Baden-Baden (Delag).
Potsdam (Delag)
Reinickendorf bei Berlin.
Rheinau.
Strassburg.
Stuttgart.
Thorn.

Note.—Unless otherwise stated the above are military sheds. All private ones capable of holding Zeppelins are subsidised. *=not large enough for Zeppelins.

Note.—Unless stated otherwise, the above are military sheds. All private ones that can hold Zeppelins receive subsidies. *=not large enough for Zeppelins.

Dirigible Pilots.

For M. dirigibles.

For M. airships.

Geerdtz, Oblt.
George, Hptm.
v. Jena, Hptm.
Kirchner, Oberltn.

Lohmuller, Hptm.
Masius, Oberltn.
v. Muller, Hptm.
Nichisch v. Rosenegk, Oberltn.

Schlutter, Obltn.
Sperling, Major.
von Zech, Obltn.

Dirigible Pilots.

Z=Zeppelin. S=Schutte-Lanz. P=Parseval pilot.

(The number after each name is the Imperial Ae. C. certificate number.)

Z Abercron, H. v. Major (1)
Z Bassus, K. v. (28)
Z Bentheim, Captain Lieutenant a. D. v. (34)
Z Blew (25)
Clouth, R. (8)
P Dinglinger, F. (2)
Z Dorr, W. E. (21)
Z Durr (9)
Dr. Z Eckener (10)
P Forsbeck, Ob. Lt. A. D. (11)
Z Glund, F. (23)
Z Hacker, 12

P Hackstetter, Reg. B. a. D. (13)
Z Hanne, G. (32)
Z Heinen, A. (22)
Z Holzmann, Ob. Lt. A. (26)
S Honold, R. (29)
P Hormel, Captain Lieutenant (14)
P Jordens, W. (19)
P Kehler, R. v. (6)
P Kiefer, T. (5)
Kleist, Captain a. D. v. (15)
P, Z Krogh, Captain a. D. v. (16)
Z Lange, K. (30)

Z Lau (17)
Z Lempertz, E. (33)
Z Mechlenburg, W. C. (35)
Z. Meyer, Ob. Lt. E. (27)
P Parseval, A. v. (4)
Z Stahl, K. (31)
P Stelling, A. (3)
Z Sticker, J. (24)
P Thewaldt, C. H. (20)
Zepplin, Graf. v. (7)
Z Zeppelin, Graf F. v. junior. (18)

[Pg 153]

GERMAN MILITARY CLASS—GROSS-BASENACH. (Semi-rigid)

Up to date, these vessels have been designed by Major Gross and Oberingenieur Basenach.

So far, these vessels have been designed by Major Gross and Chief Engineer Basenach.

The utmost secrecy is observed as to their details.

The details are kept completely confidential.

The system of employing 2 ballonets has been borrowed from the Parseval type, and presumably the Parseval system of working the automatic valves has also been adopted.

The method of using 2 ballonets has been taken from the Parseval type, and it seems that the Parseval system for operating the automatic valves has also been adopted.

In all other features, these ships appear to resemble the French Lebaudy type, the shape of the hulls being rather better.

In all other aspects, these ships seem to look like the French Lebaudy type, with the hulls being shaped somewhat better.

List of ships built, re-built and re-building of this type:—

List of ships built, rebuilt, and currently being rebuilt of this type:—

1		= *Aeronautical Society.*	(1,800 m³) non-effective.
2	(reconstructed)	= *M 1, Military.*	(6,000 m³)
3	"	= *M 2, Military.*	(6,000 m³)
4	"	= *M 3, Military.*	(9,000 m³)
5	"	= *M 4, Military.*	(12,000 m³)

[Pg 154]

M I (re-built 1912), & M II (re-built 1912). Military.

Length, 242¾ feet (74 m.) maximum diameter, 36 feet (11 m.) capacity, 212,000 c. feet (6,000 m³) total lift, 13,338 lbs. (6,050 kg.) about 6 tons

Length: 242¾ feet (74 m.) maximum diameter: 36 feet (11 m.) capacity: 212,000 cubic feet (6,000 m³) total lift: 13,338 lbs. (6,050 kg.) about 6 tons

Useful lift.—2,756 lbs. (1,250 kgs.)=about 1¼ tons.

Useful lift.—2,756 lbs. (1,250 kgs.) is about 1¼ tons.

Gas bag.—Continental rubber cloth, diagonal thread. Tapering shape.

Gas bag.—Made of continental rubber fabric with diagonal stitching. Tapered shape.

Ballonet.—One-fifth of total volume.

Ballonet.—20% of total volume.

Motors.—2-75 h.p. Daimler. 2 propellers, with 3 aluminium blades.

Motors.—2-75 h.p. Daimler. 2 propellers, each with 3 aluminum blades.

Speed.—About 28 m.p.h. (45 km.).

Speed.—About 28 mph (45 km/h).

Remarks.—M I was originally built in 1908, re-built and enlarged 1910 and again in 1912. M II built 1909, re-constructed 1912.

Remarks.—M I was originally built in 1908, rebuilt and expanded in 1910 and again in 1912. M II was built in 1909 and reconstructed in 1912.

[Pg 155]

M III (re-built 1912). Military.

Length, 295¼ feet (90 m.) diameter, 39-1/3 feet (12 m.) volume, 317,800 c. feet (9,000 m³.)

Length: 295¼ feet (90 m) diameter: 39-1/3 feet (12 m) volume: 317,800 cubic feet (9,000 m³)

Motors.—4 Körting of 75 h.p. each = 300 h.p. total.

Motors.—4 Körting motors with 75 horsepower each = 300 horsepower total.

Speed.—19 metres per second = 42 m.p.h. (68½ k.p.h.)

Speed.—19 meters per second = 42 mph (68.5 km/h)

Propellers.—2, on outriggers from car, chain-driven.

Propellers.—2, mounted on outriggers from the car, powered by a chain drive.

Remarks.—Built 1910. Burned 13th September, 1911. Rebuilt 1912.

Remarks.—Built in 1910. Burned down on September 13, 1911. Rebuilt in 1912.

M IV (re-built 1913). Military.

Maximum length, 334¾ feet (102 m.) maximum diameter, 44½ feet (13.5 m.) volume, 423,800 c. feet (12,000 m³.)

Maximum length, 334¾ feet (102 m.) maximum diameter, 44½ feet (13.5 m.) volume, 423,800 cubic feet (12,000 m³.)

Total lift.— lbs. ( kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—Continental.

Airships.—Continental.

Motors.—2 Körting, 100 h.p. each = total 200 h.p.

Motors.—2 Körting, 100 hp each = total 200 hp.

Speed.—44½ m.p.h. (70½ k.p.h.)

Speed: 44.5 mph (70.5 kph)

Propellers.—4 (two for each motor.) Carried on outriggers projecting from the car.

Propellers.—4 (two for each motor.) Mounted on outriggers extending from the car.

Remarks.—Departs from previous practice in having two separate cars, each of which contains one motor. Originally built in 1911 of 7,500 m³. Re-built 1912-1913 to details as above.

Remarks.—This changes from the earlier approach of using two separate cars, each with its own motor. Originally constructed in 1911 with a capacity of 7,500 m³. Redesigned and rebuilt from 1912 to 1913 according to the specifications mentioned above.

[Pg 156]

PARSEVAL CLASS (Flexible).

Luftfahrzeug-Gesellschaft m.b.H, Berlin, W. 62.

When the "Motorluftschiff Studien Gesellschaft" was formed at the instigation of the German Emperor, a committee was formed to acquire an experimental airship of the most promising type. Major Von Parseval's first airship was selected, and since that time the above company has confined itself to improving this type, and to making exhaustive and costly researches, all of which have been embodied in successive ships.

When the "Motorluftschiff Studien Gesellschaft" was established at the request of the German Emperor, a committee was created to acquire an experimental airship of the most promising design. Major Von Parseval's first airship was chosen, and since then the company has focused on enhancing this type and conducting extensive and expensive research, all of which have been incorporated into successive ships.

The characteristic feature of every one of these craft is its unequalled portability. Almost all other so-called Non-rigid vessels distribute the load by means of a long girder which also serves as a car. This girder is awkward to pack up and transport. Parseval uses a comparatively small car, and distributes the weight by hanging it further below the balloon than usual, and also by using 2 ballonets which are placed one near each end of the gas bag.

The standout feature of all these crafts is their unmatched portability. Nearly all other so-called non-rigid vessels distribute the load with a long girder that also acts as a car. This girder is cumbersome to pack and transport. Parseval uses a relatively small car and distributes the weight by hanging it lower below the balloon than usual, as well as using two ballonets, one near each end of the gas bag.

These 2 ballonets enable the ship to be trimmed by merely pumping air into either at the expense of the other.

These 2 ballonets let the ship adjust its balance by simply pumping air into one while letting air out of the other.

Another essential feature of the type is the system by which the valves are worked automatically. At the present time there is no other system of valve working so reliable as this.

Another essential feature of this type is the automatic valve operation system. Currently, there's no other valve operation method as reliable as this one.

A third essential feature of the class is the use of a swinging car, in such a manner that pitching, due to alterations of propeller thrust, is automatically checked by an alteration of the position of the centre of gravity.

A third essential feature of the class is the use of a swinging car, which automatically stabilizes pitching caused by changes in propeller thrust by adjusting the position of the center of gravity.

A fourth feature is the use of limp propeller blades. A propeller of this type is very easily packed up.

A fourth feature is the use of flexible propeller blades. A propeller like this is really easy to pack away.

The shape of these vessels is in accordance with the experiments of Professor Prandtl.

The shape of these vessels is based on the experiments of Professor Prandtl.

Ships of this class built or building (figures supplied by the Parseval Co.):—

Ships of this class that are built or currently being built (data provided by the Parseval Co.):—

*EXPERIMENTAL PARSEVAL*		2,300 m³.
*P. L. 1*	*Kals. Ae. C*	3,200 m³.
*MILITARY P I*		4,000 m³.
*MILITARY P II*		6,600 m³.
*P. L. 4*	*Austrian Military*	2,300 m³.
*P. L. 5*	*Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft*	1,450 m³.
*P. L. 6*	"	9,000 m³.
*P. L. 7*	*Russian Army*	7,600 m³.
*P. L. 8*	*MILITARY P II Ersatz*	8,250 m³.
*P. L. 9*	*Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft*	2,200 m³.
*P. L. 10*	*Motorluftschiff Studien Gesellschaft*	2,200 m³.
*MILITARY P III*		11,000 m³.
*P. L. 12*	*Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft*	8,800 m³.
*P. L. 13*	*Japanese Army*	8,500 m³.
[Pg 157]
*P. L. 14*	*Russian Army*	9,500 m³.
*P. L. 15*	*Italian Army*	10,000 m³.
*P. L. 16*	*MILITARY P IV, Prussian Army*	10,000 m³.
*P. L. 17*	*Italian Army*	10,000 m³.
*P. L. 18*	*British Navy*	8,800 m³.

(Of the above, the Experimental is no longer in existence, P. 2 is out of service, and P. L. 3 has been burned and destroyed).

(Of the above, the Experimental is no longer available, P. 2 is out of service, and P. L. 3 has been burned and destroyed).

PARSEVAL (P.L. 1). (1908.) (Belongs to the Kaiserl. Aero Club.) (Parseval class.)

Length, 197 feet (60 m.) max. diam. 31 feet (9.4 m) capacity, 113,000 c. feet (3,200m³) lifting power, 7,800 lbs. (3,583 kgs.)

Length, 197 feet (60 m.) max. diam. 31 feet (9.4 m) capacity, 113,000 cubic feet (3,200 m³) lifting power, 7,800 lbs. (3,583 kgs.)

Gas bag.—Cylindrical, with semi-conical front. Of rubber-proofed material in longitudinal strips. Pressure in ballonets and gas bag, 30 mm. of water.

Gas bag.—Cylindrical, with a semi-conical front. Made of rubber-coated material in longitudinal strips. Pressure in the ballonets and gas bag is 30 mm of water.

Motor.—One 85 h.p. Daimler.

Motor.—One 85 hp Daimler.

Fuel.—700 lbs. (325 kg.) 88 gallons (400 litres)

Fuel.—700 lbs. (325 kg) 88 gallons (400 liters)

Speed.—20 m.p.h. (32 k.p.h.)

Speed: 20 mph (32 kph)

Propeller.—One 4-bladed. Semi-rigid Parseval.

Propeller.—One 4-blade semi-rigid Parseval.

This vessel was somewhat altered on being bought by the Society. Her essential principle is that she can be taken to pieces in a few minutes, and carried in a truck. Her main feature is that she has a ballonet at each end. This is described in the case of type A (P.L. 2). This class rise with the forward ballonet empty, and inclined up by the bow. The propeller is similar to that of P.L. 2. The car also is mounted on wire runners. She was originally 4,000 m³. capacity. Built 1908. Station: Bitterfeld. The car is at present in Deutsches Museum, Munich. [Pg 158]

This vessel was somewhat modified when the Society purchased it. The key feature is that it can be disassembled in just a few minutes and transported on a truck. Its main characteristic is that it has a ballonet at each end. This is explained in the case of type A (P.L. 2). This class ascends with the forward ballonet empty and tilted up at the bow. The propeller is similar to that of P.L. 2. The car is also set on wire runners. It originally had a capacity of 4,000 m³. Built in 1908. Station: Bitterfeld. The car is currently located at the Deutsches Museum in Munich. [Pg 158]

PARSEVAL P.L. 2 = P. I. Military. (1908.)

Built by the "Society for the Study of Motor Air Ships," and taken over by the German War Office.

Built by the "Society for the Study of Motor Air Ships" and later taken over by the German War Office.

Length, 197 feet (60 m.) maximum diameter, 34 feet (10.40 m.) capacity, 111,270 cubic feet (4,000 cubic m.) lifting power, 9,200 lbs. (4,180 kgs.)

Gas bag.—Front end semi-ellipsoidal with semi-axes 15.4 feet (4.7 m.) and 11.8 feet (3.6 m.), from which it increases to its maximum diameter. This is maintained for about two-thirds of its length, when it begins to taper to a point at the stern. Made of 2 layers of transverse strips of rubber proofed material, crossing each other diagonally. Fitted with a tearing strip.

Gas bag.—The front end is semi-ellipsoidal with semi-axes of 15.4 feet (4.7 m) and 11.8 feet (3.6 m), from which it expands to its maximum diameter. This diameter is maintained for about two-thirds of its length, after which it starts to taper to a point at the back. It's made of two layers of rubber-proofed material strips arranged diagonally across each other. It is also equipped with a tearing strip.

Ballonets.—One at each end, together amounting to about one-quarter of the total capacity. Owing to this disposition, the trim can be altered, and steering effected in the vertical plane by filling either more than the other. Pressure in the ballonets and gas bag, 20 mm. of water pressure.

Ballonets.—One at each end, making up about a quarter of the total capacity. Because of this setup, the balance can be adjusted, and steering can be done in the vertical direction by filling one more than the other. Pressure in the ballonets and gas bag is 20 mm of water pressure.

Motor.—4-cylinder 85 h.p. Daimler placed at one side of the car to give more room. 1,000 to 1,200 r.p.m.

Motor.—4-cylinder 85 h.p. Daimler positioned on one side of the car to create more space. 1,000 to 1,200 r.p.m.

Propellers.—12-1/3 feet (3.75 m.) diameter, 250 to 300 r.p.m. 4-bladed, the blades being of peculiar construction. When stopped, the fabric of which they are made hangs down limply; when running, these flaps fly out under centrifugal force.

Propellers.—12-1/3 feet (3.75 m.) in diameter, 250 to 300 r.p.m., 4-bladed, with blades designed in a unique way. When not in motion, the material they are made from droops down loosely; when in operation, these flaps extend outward due to centrifugal force.

Speed.—27 miles per hour. 43 kilometers per hour.

Speed.—27 mph. 43 km/h.

Car.—Length, 22-1/3 feet (6.8 m.) Width 4.1 feet (1.22 m.) Made of nickel steel, U bars, screwed together so as to take the pieces rapidly. The sides are lattice girders. The whole is boat shaped and covered with canvas. Contains motor, chart table; trail rope 480 feet (146 m.) long, weighing 220 lbs. (100 kg.) Wheel for horizontal steering at the bow. 110 gal. (500 litre) cask of petrol on the girders at the after point. 41 feet (12½ m.) below the gas bag. It is capable of swinging horizontally on wires running over rollers. Whereas without this device a forward swing of the car would lift the nose to a possibly dangerous extent, the free motion of the car shifts the centre of the gravity forward and so preserves stability.

Car.—Length, 22-1/3 feet (6.8 m.) Width 4.1 feet (1.22 m.) Made of nickel steel, with U bars screwed together for quick assembly. The sides are lattice girders. The entire structure is boat-shaped and covered with canvas. It includes a motor, a chart table, and a 480-foot (146 m.) long trail rope that weighs 220 lbs. (100 kg.) There's a wheel for horizontal steering at the front. A 110-gallon (500 litre) fuel cask is mounted on the girders at the rear, 41 feet (12½ m.) below the gas bag. It can swing horizontally on wires running over rollers. Without this mechanism, the car's forward swing would raise the nose too high, which could be dangerous; however, the car's free motion shifts the center of gravity forward, maintaining stability.

Steering.—In vertical plane, by altering the trim. In horizontal plane, by a rudder of 80.7 sq. feet (7½ m²) immediately behind the vertical plane. Two fixed horizontal planes are placed at the rear end of the gas bag above the central line.

Steering.—In the vertical plane, by adjusting the trim. In the horizontal plane, by a rudder measuring 80.7 square feet (7½ m²) located just behind the vertical plane. Two fixed horizontal planes are positioned at the rear of the gas bag above the centerline.

PARSEVAL II.

Table of weights:—

Weight table:—

Gas bag	1,653	lbs.
Cordage	220.5	"
Trail rope	220	"
Car and motor	529	"
Fuel	770	"
Oil	160	"
Oil and fuel tanks, instruments, miscellaneous	1,637	"
Crew, passengers, ballast	1,654	"
Total	6,834	lbs.

Note.—This remarkably successful ship has performed a continuous flight of 11½ hours. She also remained at a height of 4,800 feet (1,500 m.) for 1 hour. She can be transported in 1 railway truck or 2 pair horse wagons, and be assembled and filled ready for ascent within 3 hours of arrival by train.

Note.—This incredibly successful ship has completed a continuous flight lasting 11½ hours. It also stayed at an altitude of 4,800 feet (1,500 m) for 1 hour. It can be transported in 1 railway truck or 2 horse-drawn wagons and can be assembled and filled, ready for takeoff, within 3 hours of arriving by train.

Built 1908. Station: Metz.[Pg 159]

Built 1908. Station: Metz.

PARSEVAL P.L. 6. "Stollwerck." (1910.)

Length, 229¾ feet (70 m.) Diameter, 49¼ feet (15 m.) Volume, 318,000 c. feet (9,000 m³)

Length, 229¾ feet (70 m) Diameter, 49¼ feet (15 m) Volume, 318,000 cubic feet (9,000 m³)

Gas bags.—Riedinger.

Gasbags.—Riedinger.

Motors.—2 N.A.G. of 110 h.p. each = 220 h.p.

Motors.—2 N.A.G. with 110 horsepower each = 220 horsepower

Speed.—31 m.p.h. (50 k.p.h.)

Speed.—31 mph (50 kph)

Propellers.—Two 4-bladed. Semi-rigid material.

Propellers.—Two 4-blade. Semi-rigid material.

Remarks.—Station, Johannisthal.

Comments.—Station, Johannisthal.

PARSEVAL P.L. 8. = P II. Ersatz. Military. (1913.)

Maximum length, 252¾ feet (77 m.) maximum diameter, 50¾ feet (15.50 m.) volume, 290,000 c. feet (8,250 m³.)

Maximum length, 252¾ feet (77 m.) maximum diameter, 50¾ feet (15.50 m.) volume, 290,000 cubic feet (8,250 m³.)

Total lift.—5½ tons=12,125 lbs. (5,500 kgs.)

Total lift.—5.5 tons = 12,125 lbs. (5,500 kgs.)

Gas bags.—2 ballonets, usual arrangement.

Gasbags.—2 ballonets, typical setup.

Motors.—300 h.p. made up of two 150 h.p. Daimler motors, placed one behind the other.

Motors.—300 hp made up of two 150 hp Daimler motors, arranged one behind the other.

Speed.—41 m.p.h. (66 km.)

Speed.—41 mph (66 km)

Propellers.—2 Parseval, 4-bladed, semi-rigid steel.

Propellers.—2 Parseval, 4-blade, semi-rigid steel.

Steering.—As in others.

Steering.—Like in others.

Remarks.—Station, Cologne, (Cöln).[Pg 160]

Remarks.—Station, Cologne.

PARSEVAL P.L. 9 (1910), & 10. (Building 1913.)

Maximum length, 164 feet (50 m.) maximum diameter, 26¼ feet (8 m.) volume, 77,700 c. feet (2,200 m³.)

Maximum length, 164 feet (50 m) maximum diameter, 26¼ feet (8 m) volume, 77,700 cubic feet (2,200 m³)

Total lift.—2,910 lbs. (1,320 kgs.)

Total lift.—2,910 lbs. (1,320 kg)

Gas bag.—Continental fabric. One central ballonet instead of the usual two.

Gas bag.—Continental fabric. One main ballonet instead of the usual two.

Motors.—1 N.A.G. of 50 h.p.

Engines.—1 N.A.G. of 50 hp.

Speed.—25 m.p.h. (40 k.p.h.)

Speed.—25 mph (40 km/h)

Propellers.—One 2-bladed, wooden. Diameter, 9¾ feet (3 m.)

Propellers.—One 2-bladed wooden propeller. Diameter: 9¾ feet (3 m.)

Steering.—Differs from other standard types, in that only one ballonet being fitted, an elevator is introduced under the bow.

Steering.—Differs from other standard types because it has only one ballonet fitted, and an elevator is placed under the bow.

Remarks.—Small ships for sporting purposes. A remarkably successful type of small dirigible. A small P.L. 5, burned 1912. P.L. 10 delayed owing to press of other work.

Remarks.—Small ships for recreational use. An exceptionally successful type of small airship. A small P.L. 5, destroyed in 1912. P.L. 10 postponed due to a heavy workload.

PARSEVAL TYPE D.

PARSEVAL P.L. 11. = P. III. Military. (1911.)

Maximum length, 272-1/3 feet (83 m.) maximum diameter, 53 feet (16.20 m.) volume, 388,450 c. feet (11,000 m³.)

Maximum length: 272.33 feet (83 m). Maximum diameter: 53 feet (16.20 m). Volume: 388,450 cubic feet (11,000 m³).

Total lift.—

Gas bags.—

Hot air.—

Motors.—2 Körting, each of 200 h.p.=400 total.

Motors.—2 Körting, each with 200 h.p.=400 total.

Speed.—42 m.p.h. (67 k.p.h.) (18.3 metres p. sec.)

Speed.—42 mph (67 kph) (18.3 meters per second)

Propellers.—Two 4-bladed Parseval.

Propellers.—Two 4-blade Parseval.

Remarks.—Built 1911. Station, Koenigsberg.[Pg 161]

Notes.—Established 1911. Station, Kaliningrad.[Pg 161]

PARSEVAL P.L. 12. "Charlotte." (1912.)

Maximum length, 259 feet (79 m.) maximum diameter, 49¾ feet (15.20 m.) volume, 300,750 c. feet (8,800 m³.)

Maximum length: 259 feet (79 m) maximum diameter: 49¾ feet (15.20 m) volume: 300,750 cubic feet (8,800 m³)

Total lift.—

Gas bags.—

Hot air.—

Motors.—2 N.A.G. of 110 h.p. each=220 total.

Motors.—2 N.A.G. engines, each with 110 horsepower, totaling 220 horsepower.

Speed.—33½ m.p.h.=54 k.p.h. (15 m. per sec.)

Speed.—33½ mph = 54 kph (15 m per sec)

Propellers.—2 Parseval.

**Propellers.**—2 Parseval.

Steering.—Usual.

Steering.—Standard.

Remarks.—Built 1911. Station: Wanne.

Remarks.—Established 1911. Station: Wanne.

PARSEVAL P.L. 16 = P. IV. Military. (1913.)

Completing.

Maximum length, 308½ feet (94 m.) maximum diameter, 51½ feet (15.50 m.) volume, 353,000 c. feet (10,000 m³.)

Maximum length, 308.5 feet (94 m) maximum diameter, 51.5 feet (15.50 m) volume, 353,000 cubic feet (10,000 m³).

Gas bags.—Metzler.

Gasbags.—Metzler.

Motors.—2 Maybach, of 180 each=360 h.p.

Motors.—2 Maybach engines, each with 180 h.p. = 360 h.p.

Speed.—45 m.p.h.=72 k.p.h. (20 m. per sec.)

Speed.—45 mph = 72 kph (20 m per sec)

Propellers.—Two 4-bladed, wooden (on trial).

Propellers.—Two wooden 4-blade (on trial).

Remarks.—For the Prussian Army. Station: Berlin.[Pg 162]

Remarks.—For the Prussian Army. Location: Berlin.[Pg 162]

RUTHENBERG II. (1911).

H. Ruthenberg, Lehderstrasse 16/19, Weissensee bei Berlin: also Luftfahrzeug-Ges, Ruthenberg, Krefeld.

H. Ruthenberg, Lehderstrasse 16/19, Weissensee near Berlin: also Aircraft Company Ruthenberg, Krefeld.

Small ships on Parseval lines. Still existing, but stored away.

Maximum length, 151 feet (46 m.) diameter, 24¼ feet 7.40 (m.) volume, 60,000 c. feet (1,700 m³.)

Maximum length, 151 feet (46 m.) diameter, 24¼ feet 7.40 (m.) volume, 60,000 cubic feet (1,700 m³.)

Gas bags.—

Hot air.—

Motor.—

Engine.—

Speed.—

Propellers.—2 Ruthenberg.

Remarks.—

Notes.—

RUTHENBERG III. (1913).

Building.

Length, feet (m.) diameter, feet (m.) volume, 95,000 c. feet (2,700 m³)

Length, feet (m.) diameter, feet (m.) volume, 95,000 cubic feet (2,700 m³)

Gas bags.—

Gasbags.

Motor.—

Engine.—

Speed.—

Speed.

Propeller.—Ruthenberg.

Remarks.—

Notes.—

SUCHARD. Non-rigid (Trans-Atlantic). (Re-constructed 1912).

Maximum length, 198½ feet (60/5 m.) maximum diameter, 56¼ feet (17.11 m.) volume, 237,681 cubic feet (6,730 m³.)

Maximum length, 198.5 feet (60.5 m) maximum diameter, 56.25 feet (17.11 m) volume, 237,681 cubic feet (6,730 m³).

Total weight.—About 2 tons (2,130 kgs.)

Total weight.—Approximately 2 tons (2,130 kgs.)

Gas bags.—Metzeler fabric. One ballonet.

Gas bags.—Metzeler fabric. One airbag.

Motors.—2 of 100 h.p. (one a N.A.G., the other an Escher). Placed one behind the other. A 4 h.p. motor carried for auxiliary purposes. Petrol carried, (1700 kil.) Oil, (300 kil.)

Motors.—2 of 100 h.p. (one a N.A.G., the other an Escher). Positioned one behind the other. A 4 h.p. motor stored for auxiliary purposes. Fuel carried, (1700 kg.) Oil, (300 kg.)

Speed.—17 m.p.h. (28 k.p.h).

Speed.—17 mph (28 kph).

Propellers.—Two 2-bladed Zeise. Diameter, 9¾ feet (3 m.) Chain driven.

Propellers.—Two 2-bladed Zeise. Diameter, 9¾ feet (3 m). Chain driven.

Steering.—Elevation by moving weight slung on cable under body. Rudder aft.

Steering.—Lift by shifting weight attached to a cable under the body. Rudder at the back.

Remarks.—Built March, 1911, with a view to crossing the Atlantic from the Canaries to the Antilles. Re-constructed 1912. Proposed further re-construction in 1913.[Pg 163]

Remarks.—Constructed in March 1911, intended for crossing the Atlantic from the Canaries to the Antilles. Rebuilt in 1912. Another rebuild was proposed in 1913.[Pg 163]

SCHÜTTE-LANZ 1. Military. S.L. I.

(1911.) H. Heinrich Lanz, Rheinau bei Mannheim.

(1911.) H. Heinrich Lanz, Rheinau near Mannheim.

Maximum length, 426 feet (130 m.) maximum diameter, 60½ feet (18.40 m.) volume, 706,000 c. feet (20,000 m³.)

Maximum length, 426 feet (130 m) maximum diameter, 60½ feet (18.40 m) volume, 706,000 cubic feet (20,000 m³).

Total lift.—About 20 tons (20,000 kgs.) Useful lift.—About 5 tons (5,000 kgs.)

Total lift.—About 20 tons (20,000 kg) Useful lift.—About 5 tons (5,000 kg)

Gas bags.—These are of great strength and of unusual shapes, made to fit the interior, which is encumbered with cross stays. All but two of the bags are always full, and when the gas expands it flows into the remaining two, which are nearly empty at sea level, and full at 6500 feet (2,000 m.) A centrifugal pump is used for distributing the gas. There are 14 gas bags.

Gas bags.—These are very strong and have unique shapes, designed to fit the interior, which is filled with cross stays. All but two of the bags are usually full, and when the gas expands, it moves into the two that are almost empty at sea level, filling them at 6500 feet (2,000 m). A centrifugal pump is used to distribute the gas. There are 14 gas bags.

Motors.—2 Maybach of 270 h.p. each. The propellers are at the ends of the car, driven through 1 set of reduction gear. Speed.—38-43 m.p.h. About 59-64 k.p.h.

Motors.—2 Maybach engines with 270 h.p. each. The propellers are located at the ends of the car, powered through 1 set of reduction gears. Speed.—38-43 m.p.h. About 59-64 k.p.h.

Propellers.—2 aft. Also 1 with its axis vertical.

Propellers.—2 at the back. Also 1 with its axis facing up.

Steering.—Vertical and horizontal rudders at both ends of the ship. Also see Propellers.

Steering.—Vertical and horizontal rudders at each end of the ship. Also check Propellers.

Remarks.—Two of these ships were under construction, and one was to be presented and one sold to the German government. The hull is built of special 3-ply wood made of Russian white fir; this wood is pressed into channel bars, angle bars, and all other requisite shapes. The strength of the hull is such that it can be supported at the ends without damage; its lightness is such that although the ship is nearly half as large again as Zeppelin II, yet the hull weighs about 3 tons less. Designed by Prof. Schütte.

Remarks.—Two of these ships were being built, with one intended for presentation and the other for sale to the German government. The hull is constructed from a special 3-ply wood made from Russian white fir; this wood is molded into channel bars, angle bars, and various other necessary shapes. The hull's strength is such that it can be supported at the ends without sustaining damage; its lightweight design means that, although the ship is nearly 50% larger than Zeppelin II, the hull actually weighs about 3 tons less. Designed by Prof. Schütte.

In 1910, structural defects were found in Schütte I when the loads were applied. This has necessitated extensive alterations and much delay. In 1911 it was completed, and sold for £25,000 to the German Army.

In 1910, structural defects were discovered in Schütte I when the loads were applied. This led to extensive changes and significant delays. In 1911, it was finished and sold for £25,000 to the German Army.

SCHÜTTE-LANZ 2. Military. S.L. II. (1913.)

Building. Enlarged edition of above. 918,000 c. feet (26,000 m³.)]

[Pg 164]

ZEPPELIN type. Rigid.

Graf von Zeppelin, Friedrichshafen.

Count von Zeppelin, Friedrichshafen.

The features of this type are—A rigid framework of aluminium, a number of drum-shaped gas bags, and a thin outer cover.

The features of this type are—A sturdy aluminum frame, several drum-shaped gas bags, and a lightweight outer cover.

At the end of March, 1913, the total of Zeppelins, limit and building was 16, including one (number 18) for Austria. Of these several had come to grief in various ways, and the actual total at the date mentioned, was:—

At the end of March 1913, the total number of Zeppelins, both operational and under construction, was 16, including one (number 18) for Austria. Several of these had met with accidents in different ways, and the actual total at that date was:—

8 effective = 4 Army (of which one Z4 was still on trials), 1 naval and 3 private.

8 effective = 4 Army (one Z4 was still being tested), 1 naval, and 3 private.

3 completing or building = 1 naval, 1 private and 1 for Austria.

3 completing or building = 1 naval, 1 private, and 1 for Austria.

Others projected but not actually in hand.

Others were anticipated but not actually available.

All are on the lines of the above plan, differing only in minor details, such as the provision of a cabin amidships, etc., and in dimensions.

All follow the same plan mentioned above, differing only in small details, like the inclusion of a cabin in the middle and variations in size.

Details see the following pages.[Pg 165]

For details, see the next pages.

Name		Z I.	Ersatz. DEUTSCHLAND.	Z II.	VICT. LUISE.	Z III. (ex Schwaben)	HANSA.	L I.	(Ersatz Z I.) Z IV.	L II.	SACHSEN.
Zeppelin No.		3b.	6a.	9b.	11.	12.	13.	14.	15.	16.	17.
Date		1908.	1910.	1911.	1912.	1912.	1912.	1912.	1913.	1913.	1913.
Service		Army.	"Delag."	Army.	"Delag."	Army.	"Delag."	Navy.	Army.	Navy.	"Delag."
Volume	c. feet	424,000	682,000	635,000	667,000	629,000	660,000	776,000	742,000	742,000	742,000
	(m³.)	12,000	19,000	18,000	18,700	17,800	18,700	22,000	21,000	21,000	21,000
Length	feet (m.)	446 (136)	479 (136)	459 (140)	485-1/2 (148)	459 (140)	485-1/2 (148)	518 (158)	492 (150)	492 (150)	492 (150)
Diameter	feet (m.)	38-1/2 (11.66)	46 (14)	46 (14)	46 (14)	46 (14)	46 (14)	47-1/2 (14.5)	47-1/2 (14.5)	47-1/2 (14.5)	47-1/2 (14.5)
Envelope		Pegamoid	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Gas Bags	fabric	Continental	Continental	...	...	Continental	...	...	...	...	...
	number	17	16	16	18	16	18	...	18	...	...
Lift	total tons	12-1/2	16-1/2	17	19	17	19	22	21	21	21
	useful tons	3-1/2	5	4-1/2	...	4-1/2	...	6	...	...	...
Motors	h.p.	2--85 Daimler (= 170)	3--115 Daimler (= 345)	3--120 Maybach (= 360)	3--150 Maybach (= 450)	3--150 Maybach (= 450)	3--150 Maybach (= 450)	3--150 Maybach (= 450)	3--150 Maybach (= 450)	(= 450)	(= 450)
Propellers	number	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	...	...
	blades	2	2	2	2	2	...	2 forward, 4 aft	2 forward, 4 aft	...	...
	diam feet (m.)	...	12 (3.60)	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Max. Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	29 (46)	36 (57.5)	35 (56)	40 (62)	49 (79)	40 (62)	48 (77)	48 (77)	48 (77)	48 (77)
Full speed endurance	hrs.	15	20	20	40	25	40	35	...	...	...
Complement		...	...	...	8 crew, 25 passengers	...	...	21	...	...	...
Station		Metz	Oos	Cologne	Wechselnd	Cologne	Weschselnd	Hamburg	...	Johannisthal	Leipsig

[Pg 166]

Z1 Military. Shortly to be struck off list.

Z1 Military. (1908.) Obsolete. Shortly to be struck off list.

ERSATZ DEUTSCHLAND. (Private.) (1910.)

Z II. Military. (1911.)

VIKTORIA LUISE. (Private.) (1912).

[Pg 167]

Z III. Military. (1912.)

Zeppelin dirigible. Saxony.

HANSA. (Private). (1912.)

No photo procurable.
Generally resembles Z IV.

L I. Naval. (1912.) Armament: 1 gun on top.

Photo. Deliius.

Z IV. Military. (1913). Armament: 1 gun on top, 1 in each gondola, 1 can be lowered from central cabin

[Pg 168]

GREEK.

Aerial Societies:—

None.

None.

Aerial Journals:—

None.

Military Aeroplanes:—

At end of March, 1913, these included:—1 Astra hydro. (fitted with Scott's bomb dropper), 2 or 3 Nieuports, 1—100 h.p. M. Farman, and probably some others. Owing to the war, details are unobtainable. 3 Bleriots reported captured from the Turks, and 15 Farmans on order.

At the end of March 1913, these included:—1 Astra hydro (equipped with Scott's bomb dropper), 2 or 3 Nieuports, 1—100 h.p. M. Farman, and probably some others. Due to the war, specifics are unavailable. 3 Bleriots were reported captured from the Turks, and 15 Farmans were on order.

Military Aviators:—

Adamis (824 Ae. C. F.)
Kamberos (744 Ae. C. F.)

Montoussis (839 Ae. C. F.)
Mutassas, Sub-lt., naval.

Savoff, Lt.

Flying Grounds:—

Phaleron.

Phaleron.

Killed 1913.
Argyropulus, Lt.

[Pg 169]

ITALIAN.

Aerial Societies:—

Ae. C. d'Italia (Ae.C.I.), 62 via Colonna, Rome.

Ae. C. d'Italia (Ae.C.I.), 62 Colonna Street, Rome.

Ae. Club di Roma (Ae.C.I.), 183, via del Triton, Rome.

Ae. Club di Roma (Ae.C.I.), 183, via del Tritone, Rome.

Circolo, Aeronautico Napoletano, 295 v. Roma, Naples.

Lega Aerea Nazionale (L.A.N.), 6 via della Signora, Milan.

Lega Aerea Nazionale (L.A.N.), 6 Via della Signora, Milan.

Societa Aeronautica Italiana (S.A.I.),

Italian Aeronautics Society (S.A.I.),

4 via Boccaccio, Milan.
6, via Cernaia, Turin.

Societa Aviazone, di Torino (S.A.T.), 28 via Roma, Turin.

Societa Aviazione, of Turin (S.A.T.), 28 Via Roma, Turin.

Societa Ital. di Aviazone, (S.I.A.), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan.

Societa Ital. di Aviazione, (S.I.A.), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan.

Aerial Journals:—

(3 times a week.)

Gazzetta dello Sport, 15 v. della Signora, Milan. L—.05 (=1/2d.)

(Weekly):

Italia Sportiva, Rome. L—.05 per no. (=1/2d.)

Italia Sportiva, Rome. L—.05 per issue (=1/2d.)

Lettura Sportiva, 17 corso Porta Romana, Milan. L—.10 (=1d.)

Lettura Sportiva, 17 Porta Romana, Milan. L—.10 (=1d.)

Sports (Gli). 46 and dei Prefretti, Rome. L—.05 (=1/2d.)

Stampa Sportiva, 3 v. Davide Bertolotti, Turin. L—.10 (=1d.)

Tribuna Sport, 22 via S. Giacomo, Naples. L—.10 (=1d.)

Tribuna Sport, 22 S. Giacomo St., Naples. L—.10 (=1d.)

(Monthly):

Rivista della L.A.N. (Lega Aerea Nazionale), Milan.

Rivista della L.A.N. (National Air League), Milan.

Rivista del T.C.I. (Touring Club Italiano), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan. L—.40 (=4d.)

La Navigazione Aerea (Bolletino dell' Ae. C. d'Italia). L—1.80 (=1/6.)

Air Navigation (Bulletin of the Aeronautical Club of Italy). L—1.80 (=1/6.)

(Annual):

Annuario dell' Aeronautica (Touring Club Italiano), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan. L—6.00 (=5/-)

Flying Grounds (Military see next page):—

Cameri, Novara.—15 hangars (Thouvenot school).

Mirafiore, Turin.—17 hangars (Asteria and Chiribiri schools).

S. Giusto, Pisa.—4 hangars (Antoni school).

Taliedo, Milan.—26 hangars.

Vizzola Ticino.—7 hangars (Caproni school).

Vizzola Ticino.—7 hangars (Caproni School).

Dirigible Headquarters (with hangars, etc., etc.):—

Bracciano.
Milan.
Rome.
Venice.
Verona.
[Pg 170]

ITALIAN MILITARY AVIATION.

ORGANISATION, etc.

The Battaglione Aviatori has its headquarters at Turin. In July, 1912, it was re-organised along the following lines:—

The Battaglione Aviatori is based in Turin. In July 1912, it was restructured according to the following outline:—

1 command at Turin.
1 flying work.
1 technical work.
2 troop duty.
6 at the aviation schools, with a certain number of mobile squadrillos.

1 command at Turin.
1 flying work.
1 technical work.
2 troop duty.
6 at the aviation schools, with a certain number of mobile squadrons.

The recognised grades are:—

The recognized grades are:—

a.a.p. aspirante allievo (learners).
a.p. allievo pilota (certificated pilots).
p. pilota militare (superior military brevet).

a.a.p. aspiring student (learners).
a.p. student pilot (certificated pilots).
p. military pilot (superior military certification).

In flying work the superior pilots are mostly using Bleriots; the ordinary pilots Bleriot-Caproni, Bristol, Antonis, Deperdussins and Voisins.

In aviation, top pilots mostly fly Bleriots; regular pilots use Bleriot-Caproni, Bristol, Antonis, Deperdussins, and Voisins.

The technical section chiefly supervises the theoretical instruction of the a.a.p.

The technical section mainly oversees the theoretical instruction of the a.a.p.

The 2 companies on troop duty practical work, preparation for the schools.

The two companies on troop duty are doing practical work and getting ready for the schools.

FLYING SCHOOLS.

The military schools are:—

Aviano.—Central school. Size about 5×2 kilometres. Sheltered from all winds except westerly, by banks of trees. Numerous hangers.

Aviano.—Central school. Size about 5×2 kilometers. Protected from all winds except those coming from the west, by rows of trees. Many hangars.

Mirafiori (Turin).—Mixed military and civil school. Hangers. School machines confined to Asteria, Bleriot, Nieuport and Savary types.

Mirafiori (Turin).—A combined military and civilian school. Hangers. School aircraft limited to Asteria, Bleriot, Nieuport, and Savary types.

Pordenone.—School for superior brevets. Treeless plain. Principal school machines Breguets and Farmans; but some Bleriots and Caproni.

Pordenone.—School for advanced certifications. Treeless flatland. Main aircraft used are Breguets and Farmans; however, there are also some Bleriots and Caproni.

S. Francesco al Campo.—M. Farman machines. At present for officers trained in France.

S. Francesco al Campo.—M. Farman machines. Currently available for officers who were trained in France.

Somma Lombarda.—Camp school for Nieuports.

Venaria Reale.—Formed late in 1912. Bristol monos for certificated pilots.

Venaria Reale.—Established in late 1912. Bristol monos for licensed pilots.

GENERAL TRAINING.

50 officers in training during the first quarter of 1913.

Aspirants commence with instruction in the theory of heavier than air machines, resistance of material and particular instruction in the various type of aero motors in use. They are taken for flights as passengers.

Aspirants start with learning the theory of heavier-than-air machines, material resistance, and specific training on the different types of aircraft engines in use. They are taken on flights as passengers.

All then go to the training camp about 80% for monoplane work, the remainder for biplanes.

All then go to the training camp, with about 80% focusing on monoplane work and the rest on biplanes.

Monoplanes. Special attention paid to teaching Gauchis Dessent.

Monoplanes. Special attention given to teaching Gauchis Dessent.

Biplanes. Much shorter course. Principal feature: Vol Plané.

Bi-planes. Much shorter course. Main feature: Gliding.

For the military brevet the examination is most comprehensive, special attention is paid to flying in wind, manoeuvring, climbing, good landings without inconvenience to passengers, cross country flights, etc. The course is generally modelled on war experiences.

For the military brevet, the exam is very thorough, with particular focus on flying in windy conditions, maneuvering, climbing, making smooth landings that don’t disturb passengers, cross-country flights, and so on. The course is usually based on experiences from warfare.

TOTAL FLYING STRENGTH.

No particular distinction between naval and military aviators.

No clear distinction between naval and military pilots.

Total by end of June, 1913, to be about 225 certificated aviators of whom a fair percentage hold the superior brevet. In addition all the best civilian aviators are held at disposal.

Total by the end of June 1913 is expected to be around 225 certified pilots, with a good percentage holding the advanced license. Additionally, all of the top civilian pilots are available as needed.

[Pg 171]

Military Aeroplanes.

At the end of 1911 there were about 20 machines, mostly Bleriots and Farmans. The majority of these are still in use for school purposes.

At the end of 1911, there were about 20 planes, mostly Bleriots and Farmans. Most of these are still used for educational purposes.

At the end of March, 1913, the machines effective for war purposes were roughly as follows:—

At the end of March 1913, the machines useful for war purposes were roughly as follows:—

Bleriot.
Bristol (mono.)
Caproni.
Deperdussin.
Farman.
Hanriot.
Nieuport.
Savary.

Total about 50, plus a number of school machines.

About 40 machines were on order, including 12 Bristol-Capronies.

About 40 machines were ordered, including 12 Bristol-Capronies.

Naval Aeroplanes.

Effective at end of March, 1913.

Effective at the end of March, 1913.

1 Calderara.
1 Guidoni-Farman.
4 or 5 others.

1 Calderara.
1 Guidoni-Farman.
4 or 5 more.

ITALIAN AVIATORS.

Military.

Agostoni, Captain V. (45)
Bailo, Lt. (71)
*Bolla, Capt. (89)
Cannonieri, Lt. (22)
+Cammarotta, Lieut. (15F)
De Filippi, Com. (5)
*De Rada, Lieut. (38)
*Falchi, Capt. (55)
Garassini. (29)
*Gavotti, Lieut. (25)
Lieutenant Gazzera (20)

Guidoni, Capt. (58)
*Lampugnani, Lieut. (33)
+Manazini, Lieut. (98)
Moizo, Captain (40)
Neri, Lieutenant (345-Ae. C. F.) (106)
*Palmadi, Cesnola Lieut. (75)
*Piazza, Major (44)
Pizzagalli, Capt. (49)
Poggi, Lieutenant (82)
Capt. Prandoni (69)
*Pulvirenti, Lieut. (50)

Raffaelli, Lt. A. (108)
Ravelli (453, AD C. F.)
Lieutenant Roberti (47)
Rossi, Captain (27)
+Saghetti, Lieut. (16)
Savoia, Lt. T. U. (4)
Lieutenant Surdi (32)
*Vece, Lieut. F. (74)
+Vivaldi, Lieut. (31)

Brevets in 1912.

Andriani, Capt. O. (137)
Antonini, Capt. L. (91)
Almerigi, F. (159)
Alvisi, Lt. A. (172)
Baglione, Lt. A. (129)
Baracca, F. (167)
Bonamici, L. (101)
Bongiovanni, Lt. E. (115)
Bongiovanni, c. L. (124)
Bonuti, R. (135)
Brach, Lt. F. (146)
Buzzi, Lt. M. (156)
Calderara, Lt. A. (134)
Calori, S. (136)
Capuzzo (143)
Casabella, Lt. G. (121)
Clerici, Lt. U. (110)
Cuzzo, Capt. A. (166)

De Giovanni, Lt. G. (101)
De Riso, Lt. G. (153)
Della Chiesaconte, Lt. A. (109)
Ercole, Lt. E. (117)
Franceschini, Lt. E. (112)
Gallotti, Lt. A. (150)
Garino, Eng. G. (134)
Girotti, Lt. M. (100)
Gordesco, Lt. M. (151)
*Graziani, Lieut, C. (92)
Jacoponi, Lt. A. (171)
Kerbaker, Lt. E. (99)
Graduates, Lt. G.
Leffi Dr. Med. A. (169)
*Mareno, M. A. (90)
Moreno, Capt. G. (78)
Nosari, G. (142)

*Novellis di Coarazze, Capt. A. (94)
Oddo, A. (147)
Pagano, P. (158)
Palpacelli, A. (164)
Perrucca, D. (162)
Poggioli, Q. (107)
Pongelli, R. (60 years old)
Porta, Capt. E. (145)
Prandoni, Capt. E. (69)
Resio, Lieutenant (120)
Rosetti, A. (157)
Russi, Lt. S. (152)
Suglia, Lt. C. (118)
Torelli, F. (165)
Valdimiro, Lt. F. (170)
Venanzi, U. (155)
Zanuso, Lt. G. (149)

Naval.

(To end of 1911).

(By the end of 1911).

Calderara, Lieut. (1)
Ginnochio, Lieut. (18)
*Rossi, Sub. Lieut. (31)
Strobin, Lieut. (39)

Calderara, Lt. (1)
Ginnochio, Lieutenant (18)
*Rossi, Sub. Lieutenant (31)
Lieutenant Strobin (39)

(During 1912).

In 1912.

De Muro, Lieut. (119)
Frigerio, Lieut. (154)
Scelsi, Capt. difreg. G.

De Muro, Lt. (119)
Frigerio, Lt. (154)
Scelsi, Capt. freg. G.

Private.

(To end of 1911).

(end of 1911)

Akachew, C. (61)
Amerigo
Barigiola, G. (51)
Battagli, B. (34 years old)
Bianchi, P. (6)
Biego, C. (56)
Bigliani, A. (63 years old)
Borgotti, G. (43 years old)
Brilli, D. G. (48)
Brociner, M. (87)
Cagno, U. (10)
Cagliani, A. (23)
Cannoniere, Umberto (22 years old)
Cattaneo, Bartelomo (2)
Pietro Cavaglia (30)
Cavalieri, Alfredo (17 years old)
Cei, J. (53, Ae. C. F.)
Casaroni, A. (77)

+Cirri, Ciro (11)
Cobianchi, Mariot (24 years old)
Darioli, Ernesto (9)
Da Zara, Leonino (7)
De Agostina, A. (53)
De Antonis, A. (67)
Faccioli, Mario (21 years old)
Franzoni, R. (62 years old)
Garassini, G. G. (29)
Gianfelice (59 years old)
Ginnochio, T. (18)
Graziani, nob. Ettere (28)
Lusetti, A. (19)
Maffeis, C. (36)
Maggiora, C. (72)
Manissero, R. (37)
+Marra, R. (35)

Marro, E. (52)
Mogafico, Mario (26 years old)
Francesco Mosca (47)
Pasquali, R. (66)
Picollo, G. (32 years old)
Poggioli, Quinto (117)
Porro, A. (113)
Ramasotto, M. M. (148)
Ravetto, Clemento (12 years old)
Ré, Umberto (86)
Ruggerone, G. (14)
Sabelli, G. (93)
Santoni, L. (114)
Stucchi, Federico (8)
Verona, A. (54)

(Brevets in 1912).

Love, ing. E.
Arista, A. (131)
Ballerini, M. (132)
Bergonzi, P. C. (78)
Berni, L. (1995)
+Bertoletti, R. (79)
Borsalino, G. M. (102)
Brunetta D'Usseaux, G. (125)
Carabelli, C. (104)
+Caramanlaki, A. (97)
Caramanlaki, G. (168)

Carminati, B. N. (163)
Colucci, G. (80 years old)
Corsini, J. C. (133)
Corsini, A. E. (85)
Dalla, N. C. (126)
Dal Mistro, C. A. (127)
De Campo conte, S. (103)
Fabri, A. (165)
Facchini, E. (141)
Garino, G. (134)
Gelmetti, A. (83 years old)

Grassi, Count A. (88)
Leonardi, G. (122)
Mandelli, P. (96)
Marazzi, E. (140)
Nardini, G. (128)
Paolucci, G. (144)
Piceller, G. (105)
Sacerdoti, C. (116)
Salengo, R. (138)
Vallet, C. (86)
Zorra, L. (84)

Private Aeroplanes.

At the end of March, 1913, there were about 45 machines in use at the various private schools, and about 6 privately owned aeroplanes.[Pg 172]

At the end of March 1913, there were around 45 machines being used in different private schools, and about 6 privately owned airplanes.[Pg 172]

ITALIAN AEROPLANES

A

ANTONI.

Soc. di aviazione Antoni, via Vitt. Emanuele, 46, Pisa. School: S. Guisto, Pisa. Output capacity: about 20 machines a year.

Soc. di aviazione Antoni, via Vitt. Emanuele, 46, Pisa. School: S. Guisto, Pisa. Output capacity: approximately 20 machines per year.

		1912-13. Single seat mono.	1912-13. 2-seater military mono.
Length	feet (m.)	33 (10)	36 (11)
Span	feet (m.)	28 (8.50)	28 (8.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	172 (16)	237 (22)
Weight	machine lbs. (kg.)	660 (300)	770 (350)
	useful lbs. (kg.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	Gnome or Anzani	Gnome and Anzani
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...

ASTERIA.

Fabbr. Ital. Aeroplani ing. Darbesio e. C., via Salbertrand, 12, Torino (Turin). School: Mirafiori. Capacity: small.

Fabbr. Ital. Aeroplani ing. Darbesio e. C., via Salbertrand, 12, Turin. School: Mirafiori. Capacity: small.

		1912-13. Monoplane.	1912-13. Biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	21-3/4 (6.50)	29-1/2 (9)
Span	feet (m.)	26-1/2 (8.10)	44 (13.50)
		...	24-1/2 (7.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	162 (15)	431 (40)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	530 (240)	110 (500)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Gnome	70 Renault
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...

[Pg 173]

C

CALDERARA. Navy hydro-monoplane.

Model 1912-13.		"Hydro vol."
Length	feet (m.)	54 (16.50)
Span	feet (m.)	61 (18.50)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	753 (70)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	2644 (1200)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	150 (formerly 100 Gnome)
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	50 (80)
Endurance	hrs.	6-1/2
Number Built during 1912		1

Lieut. Calderara's floats consist of a plurality of w.t. compartments with internal lattice frame, well braced. Hull is formed of three skins of wood, sail-cloth between each. Distance between outer floats, 21 feet (6.30 m.) Centre of gravity is only 4½ feet (1.40 m.) above water. If necessary wings can be cut away and the central hull used as a boat with emergency sail.

Lieut. Calderara's floats have multiple water-tight compartments with an internal lattice frame that is well supported. The hull is made up of three layers of wood, with sail cloth in between each layer. The distance between the outer floats is 21 feet (6.30 m.), and the center of gravity is only 4½ feet (1.40 m.) above the water. If needed, the wings can be removed, allowing the central hull to be used as a boat with an emergency sail.

CALDERARA. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 174]

CAPRONI.

Soc. di Aviazione Ingg, Caproni e Faccanoni, Vizzola Ticino. School: Vizzola Ticino.

Models 1912-13.		Single Seat mono. A.	Single Seat mono. B.	2-seater mono.	3-seater mono.
Length	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	26-1/4 (8)	...	...
Span	feet (m.)	29 (8.80)	29 (8.80)	...	...
Area	sq. ft. (m².)	162 (15)	162 (15)	172 (16)	226 (21)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	485 (220)	660 (300)	750 (340)	760 (345)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	35 Anzani	50 Gnome	60 Anzani	80 Gnome
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	75 (120)	75 (120)	87 (140)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	3-1/2	...	...	4
Number built during 1912		...	...	...	...

Remarks.—At the end of 1912, held Italian record for speed, 200-300 k.m. Flown by Cobioni.

Remarks.—At the end of 1912, held the Italian record for speed, 200-300 km. Flown by Cobioni.

CAPRONI-BRISTOL.

Caproni also builds under Bristol license.

Caproni also builds under a Bristol license.

CHIRIBIRI.

A Chiribiri e. C, via Lamarmora 28, and via Don Bosco 68-73. Torino (Turin).

A Chiribiri e. C, via Lamarmora 28, and via Don Bosco 68-73. Turin.

CHIRIBIRI.

Models 1912-13.		45 h.p. mono.	50 h.p. mono.	Racing mono.	80 h.p. mono.
Length	feet (m.)	23 (7)	23 (7)	24-3/4 (7.50)	25-3/4 (7.80)
Span	feet (m.)	29-1/2 (9)	29-1/2 (9)	31 (9.30)	39-2/3 (12.10)
Area	sq. ft. (m².)	204 (19)	204 (19)	226 (21)	258 (24)
Weight	machine lbs. (kgs.)	595 (270)	683 (310)	772 (350)	595 (270)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	45 Chiribiri	50 Chiribiri	60 Chiribiri	80 Chiribiri
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	44 (70)	56 (90)	103 (165)	65 (105)
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	...	...	...	...
Endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	2	...

[Pg 175]

F

FRIULI.

E. Pensuti e E. Calligaro, Pordenone. School: Pordenone. A 30-35 h.p. Anzani motor monoplane. Area, 150 sq. feet. (14 m²). Generally of Bleriot type, but Hanriot type landing carriage.

E. Pensuti and E. Calligaro, Pordenone. School: Pordenone. A 30-35 h.p. Anzani motor monoplane. Area, 150 sq. feet. (14 m²). Generally of Bleriot type, but with Hanriot type landing gear.

G

GUIDONI. Naval Hydroavions.

Either a Farman biplane or a Nieuport mono. is used, mounted on special floats designed by Capitano del Genio navale Guidoni. There are two long floats, each of which is fitted with parallel fins.

Either a Farman biplane or a Nieuport monoplane is used, mounted on special floats designed by Capitano del Genio navale Guidoni. There are two long floats, each of which is fitted with parallel fins.

FOREIGN AGENCIES.

Foreign types of machines are constructed in Italy under licenses as follows:—

Foreign types of machines are made in Italy under licenses as follows:—

BLERIOT.

Soc. Ital. Transaerea, corso Peschiera 25, Torino (Turin).

Soc. Ital. Transaerea, Corso Peschiera 25, Turin.

BRISTOL.

(British), by Caproni.

DEPERDUSSIN.

Soc. Ital. degli Aeroplani, via Giulini 7b, Milan.

Soc. Ital. degli Aeroplani, 7b Giulini St, Milan.

NIEUPORT.

Carrozzeria Macchi. Varese.[Pg 176]

Carrozzeria Macchi, Varese.

ITALIAN DIRIGIBLES.

		Army.					Navy.
Name and Date.		P1. 1909.	P2 & P3. 1910 & 1911.	P4 & P5. both 1912.	Citta di Milano 1912.	Parseval. (P.L. 17). 1912-13.	M1. 1912.	M2 & M3. 1912 & 1913.
Volume	c. feet	148,000	155,000	166,000	424,000	353,000	424,000	424,000
	(m³.)	(4200)	(4400)	(4700)	(12000)	(10000)	(12000)	(12000)
Length	feet (m.)	197 (60)	207 (63)	207 (63)	233 (72)	279 (85)	272-1/3 (83)	272-1/3 (83)
Diameter	feet (m.)	38 (11.60)	38 (11.60)	39-1/3 (12)	59 (18)	52-1/2 (16)	56 (17)	56 (17)
Gas bags	fabric	Silk	Continental	Continental	...	Riedinger	Metzeler	Metzeler
	compartments	7	8	8	...	0	...	...
	ballonets	1	1	1	...	2	...	...
Lift	total tons	3.50	3.50	3.75	...	...	9.50	9.50
	useful tons	1.10	1.35	1.50	...	3.00	3.80	3.80
Motor	h.p.	1-100 C. Bayard (=100)	1-120 C. Bayard (=120)	2-80 Fiat (=160)	2-85/100 Isotta (=170/200)	2-170 Maybach (=340)	2-250 Fiat (=500)	4-125 Wolseley (=500)
Propellers	number	2	2	2	2	2 Parseval	2	2
	blades	2	2	2	3	4	4	4
	diameter feet (m.)	10 (3)	10 (3)	10 (3)	14 (4.20)	...	12-1/2 (3.80)	12-1/2 (3.80)
Max. speed	m.p.h. (km.)	32 (52)	35 (56)	37 (60)	45 (72)	40 (65)	44 (70)	44 (70)
Full speed endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	20	12	12
Max. complement		5	5	5	...	...	14	14
Station		Bracciano	Tripoli	Vigna di Valle	Baggio	Venice	Bracciano

Notes: All the above are semi-rigid. The P and M are all of the same general type. Principal features of these ships, which were designed by Captains Crocci and Ricaldoni, are the shape of the envelope, (maximum diameter very far forward), keel and the box kite tail. The Citta di Milano (semi-rigid) is an enlarged Leonardo da Vinci (which see). Special feature is the keel built into the envelope. This serves as a nacelle.

Notes: All of the above are semi-rigid. The P and M are all similar in type. Key characteristics of these ships, designed by Captains Crocci and Ricaldoni, include the shape of the envelope (maximum diameter very far forward), the keel, and the box kite tail. The Citta di Milano (semi-rigid) is a larger version of the Leonardo da Vinci (see that). A special feature is the keel integrated into the envelope, which acts as a nacelle.

Building.—One Parseval (P.L. 15) about the same size as the other (P.L. 17), which was completed first.

Building.—One Parseval (P.L. 15) is about the same size as the other (P.L. 17), which was finished first.

Army Dirigible Pilots.

Agostoni, Capt.
Biffi, Ten.
Bosio, Ten.
Crocco, Capt. G.
Dal Fabbro, Capt. C.
Denti di Piraino, March, Capt.
Gallotti, Ten.

Longo, Ten.
Manni, Ten.
Menenti, S. Ten.
Merzari, Capt.
Messina, Ten.
Munari, Capt. E.

Pastina, Capt.
Ricaldoni, Capt. A.
Scelso, Ten L.
Seymandi, Capt. G.
Stabarin, Ten.
Tagliasacchi, Ten.

Navy Dirigible Pilots.

Carniglia, Ten. d. vas.
Gravina, Ten. d. v. Conte M.
Penco, Ten. d. v., A.

Ponzio, Ten. d. v., E.
Scelsi, Capt. di f., G.

Valerio, Sot. V.
Valli, Ten. d. v., G.

[Pg 177]

P.I.

Elevation of P. I. The later ships only differ in dimensions, and the fact that the middle rudder is done away with.

Elevation of P. I. The later ships only vary in size and the fact that the middle rudder has been removed.

Dirigibles M1 & M2.

City of Milan.

Parseval (P.L. 17). First Italian Parseval.

[Pg 178]

ITALIAN PRIVATE DIRIGIBLES.

ITALIAN PRIVATE AIRSHIPS.

Name and date.		Ausonia bis. Reconstructed 1910.	Italia I. 1905.	Italia II. 1913.	Leonardo da Vinci. 1909.	Usuelli. 1909.
Volume	(m³.)	(1500)	(1500)	(2600)	(3265)	(3870)
Length	feet (m.)	121 (37)	128 (39)	164 (50)	131-1/4 (40)	167-1/3 (51)
Diameter	feet (m.)	27 (8.25)	19-3/4 (6)	32-3/4 (10)	46 (14)	32 (9.80)
Gas bags	fabric	...	...	...	...	...
	compartments	nil.	nil.	nil.	7	6
	ballonets	1	nil.	nil.	1	1
Lift	total tons	...	1.35	2.20	3.00	...
	useful tons	0.80	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	1-55 h.p. S.P.A.	1-40/50 Antoinette	1-50 h.p.	1-40 Antoinette	1-80 h.p. S.P.A.
Propellers	number	1	1	2	2	2
	blades	2	2	2	5	2
	diameter, feet (m.)	10-3/4 (3.20)	15 (4.50)	10 (3)	9 (2.70)	...
Max. speed	m.p.h (k.m.)	25 (40)	25 (40)	...	...	30 (50)
Full speed endurance	hrs.	...	...	...	...	6
Max. complement		...	...	...	...	...
Station		Bosco Mantico	Schio	building	Laid up at Baggio near Milan	Turin

Notes:

Ausonia. Nico Piccoli, via Accademia 12, Padova (Padua). Works: Magré, Vicenza (Schio). Semi-rigid.

Ausonia. Nico Piccoli, 12 Accademia Street, Padova (Padua). Works: Magré, Vicenza (Schio). Semi-rigid.

Italia. Cont Almerico da Schio, Schio. Non-rigid. Special features is a "belly" of Para rubber in lieu of a ballonet.

Italy. Count Almerico da Schio, Schio. Flexible. Special features is a "belly" made of Para rubber instead of a ballonet.

Leonardo da Vinci. Ing. Enrico Forlanini, via Boccaccio 21, Milan. Works: Baggio. Semi-rigid, keel and nacelle, incorporated in envelope.

Leonardo da Vinci. Eng. Enrico Forlanini, via Boccaccio 21, Milan. Works: Baggio. Semi-rigid, keel and nacelle, integrated in envelope.

Usuelli. Usuelli and Borsalini, Torino (Turin). Non-rigid.

Usuelli. Usuelli and Borsalini, Turin. Adaptable.

Private Dirigible Pilots.

Private Airship Pilots.

Forlanini, ing. E.
Piccoli, D.
Usuelli, C.

[Pg 179]

Italy.

Usuelli.

FORLANINI. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

Leonardo da Vinci.

[Pg 180]

JAPANESE.

(Naval Aviation data. Official).

Aerial Societies:—

Tokio, Ae. Co.

Tokyo, Ae. Co.

Aeroplane Assoc., 1, Yayesu Cho, I-Chome, Kojimachi, Tokio. (Sec.: Dr. Fujioka).

Aeroplane Association, 1 Yayesu Cho, I-Chome, Kojimachi, Tokyo. (Sec.: Dr. Fujioka).

Kikyu Kinkyu Kai (connected with War Office).

Kikyu Kinkyu Kai (linked to the War Office).

Flying Grounds:—

Near Yokohama.

Near Yokohama.

Saitama, Tokorozawa (Government).—Dirigible shed and hangars.

Saitama, Tokorozawa (Government).—Airship hangar and storage facilities.

Port Arthur, (Government).

Port Arthur, (Gov).

General Military Aviation.

This was originally formed as one body without distinction between army and navy. It was subsequently re-modelled on lines somewhat similar to the British Royal Flying Corps with naval and military wings.

This was originally created as a single entity without any distinction between the army and navy. It was later restructured along lines similar to the British Royal Flying Corps, featuring naval and military branches.

Navy.

The naval section is superintended by Capt. K. Yamaji, I.J.N.

The naval section is overseen by Capt. K. Yamaji, I.J.N.

The naval headquarters are at Oihama (near Yokosuka).

The naval headquarters are located at Oihama, close to Yokosuka.

The naval force at the end of 1912 consisted of 4 hydro-aeroplanes (2 Curtiss and 2 Farman). The available total of qualified naval aviators was 5.

The naval force at the end of 1912 included 4 hydroplanes (2 Curtiss and 2 Farman). There were a total of 5 qualified naval aviators available.

Finance.

The total amount granted for aviation of the navy in 1912 (fiscal year) was 100,000 yen (£10,000).

The total amount allocated for the navy's aviation program in 1912 (fiscal year) was 100,000 yen (£10,000).

For the year 1913 the estimates amount was 100,000 yen (but not approved yet).

For the year 1913, the estimated amount was 100,000 yen (but it hasn't been approved yet).

Pay of Flying Officers.

The special pay for officers employed in aerial work is undecided.

The extra pay for officers working in aerial jobs is still up in the air.

Army.

The army wing is responsible for the dirigible. Aeroplanes are one or two Bleriots, a Grade, 2 Tokogawa, and a Farman.

The army division is in charge of the airship. The planes include one or two Bleriots, a Grade, 2 Tokogawa, and a Farman.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Hino, Major
Saigom, Capt.
Tokogawa, Capt.
Tokogama, Lieut.

Hino, Major
Saigom, Captain
Tokogawa, Captain
Tokogama, Lieutenant

Naval.

Narahara, Naval Constr.
Kaneko, Lieut.
Kono, Lieut.
Obama, Eng. Lieut.
Umikita, Lieut.
Usuioku, Naval Constr.

Narahara, Naval Construction
Kaneko, Lieutenant
Kono, Lieutenant
Obama, Engineering Lieutenant
Umikita, Lieutenant
Usuioku, Naval Construction

Private.

Doig, S.
Iga, Baron
Shigeno, Baron
Tsuzuki,
Yamada, Isaburo

The following have been killed:—

1912.
Aibata, Lieut.

1913.
Kimura, Lieut.
Tokuda, Lieut.
Takeishi.

Private Aviation.

There are some private aeroplanes being regularly flown in Japan. A number of aeroplanes have from time to time been invented by naval and military officers and private individuals, and some of them are in use. Inventors include Major Hino, naval constructor Narahara and Ushioki, Baron Iga, Baron Shigeno and Mr. Tsuzuki.[Pg 181]

There are some private planes being regularly flown in Japan. Several planes have occasionally been created by naval and military officers as well as private individuals, and some of them are in use. Inventors include Major Hino, naval constructor Narahara and Ushioki, Baron Iga, Baron Shigeno, and Mr. Tsuzuki.[Pg 181]

JAPANESE AEROPLANES.

Bleriot (since wrecked). Tokogawa. Wright. Grade. Army Flying School ground.

Bleriot (since wrecked). Tokugawa. Wright. Grade. Army Flying School ground.

Narahara.

Tokogawa II. Type I the same except for minor details.

Tokugawa II. Type I the same except for minor details.

[Pg 182]

JAPANESE DIRIGIBLES.

PARSEVAL type. Military.

(P.L. 13.)

Length 259 feet (19 m.) maximum diameter 47¾ feet (14.50 m.) capacity, 8,500 m³.

Length 259 feet (19 m) maximum diameter 47¾ feet (14.50 m) capacity, 8,500 m³.

Gas bag.—2 ballonets. Usual Parseval.

Inflatable bag.—2 ballonets. Standard Parseval.

Motors.—Total, 300 h.p., made up of two 150 h.p. Maybach.

Motors.—Total, 300 hp, consisting of two 150 hp Maybach engines.

Speed.—42 m.p.h. (65 km.)

Speed.—42 mph (65 km/h)

Propellers.—Two 4-bladed. Parseval.

Propellers.—Two 4-blade. Parseval.

Steering.—Usual Parseval (see German).

Steering.—Standard Parseval (see German).

Remarks.—Of Parseval P.L. 12 type (see German). Built 1911.

Remarks.—Of Parseval P.L. 12 type (see German). Built in 1911.

YAMADA. Non-rigid. (Private.)

Photo by favour of M. Samuro Kuki.

Maximum length, feet (m.) maximum diameter, feet (m.) volume, 700 m³. (about)

Gas bag.—

Windbag.—

Motor.—American make.

Car.—American brand.

Speed.—

Propeller.—One.

Steering.—Biplane elevator forward. Triangular rudder in rear under gas bag.

Steering.—The biplane's elevator is at the front. There's a triangular rudder at the back under the gas bag.

Remarks.—Generally of American type.

Comments.—Typically of American style.

[Pg 183]

MEXICAN.

Army Aeroplanes.

There are 2 old pattern H. Farman; also one or more Curtiss and Wright machines. Nothing seems doing with them.

There are 2 old pattern H. Farman; also one or more Curtiss and Wright machines. Nothing seems to be happening with them.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Martinez, N. (Ae. C. F. 462)
Mendia, (Ae. C. F. 680)

Private.

Duval, Raoul
Lebrija, Miguel
Morales
Noriega

Ramsey, E. L.
Saavedra, Alfonso

Probably 2 others

(The above are mostly amateur builders.)

[Pg 184]

NORWEGIAN.

Aerial Societies:—

Aero Club, Norsk Flyveselskad (Christiana). Secretary, D. Barth.

Aero Club, Norwegian Aviation Company (Oslo). Secretary, D. Barth.

Norsk Luftseilads Forening (Christiana). President, H. Mohn.

Norsk Luftseilads Forening (Oslo). President, H. Mohn.

Aerial Journals:—

None.

Flying Grounds:—

Military Aviation.

At the end of 1912 the Army possessed two 70 h.p. M. Farmans (Renault motors), and the Navy a 100 h.p. N.A.G. Rumpler.

At the end of 1912, the Army had two 70 hp M. Farmans (Renault motors), and the Navy had a 100 hp N.A.G. Rumpler.

For 1913 the purchase of further machines is contemplated for both arms.

For 1913, the purchase of additional machines is being considered for both branches.

Private Aeroplanes.

Total at end of 1911 1

At end of 1912 there were in existence 2—a Grade and a Deperdussin.

At the end of 1912, there were 2 in existence— a Grade and a Deperdussin.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Dichi, Lieut.
Jacobsen, Lieut.

Dichi, Lt.
Jacobsen, Lt.

Private.

Hansen.
St. Dons.

[Pg 185]

PERUVIAN.

Military Aeroplanes.

The Peruvian Government has made a special grant for aviation students, and war machines are projected. Actual order to end of 1912 was one Avro mono.

The Peruvian Government has given a special grant for aviation students, and military aircraft are being planned. The actual order by the end of 1912 was for one Avro monoplane.

Private Aeroplanes.

Total at end of 1910	3
1911	2
1912	none probably.

AVIATORS.

Bielovucic, J.
Chavez, J.
Monterc (766 A. C. F.)

Peruvian aviators killed:

1910.
Chavez, G.

1911.
Tenaud, C.

[Pg 186]

PORTUGUESE.

(Revised by J. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer.)

Aerial Societies:—

Ae. C. de Portugal (R. Nova docklaemada d. ISL.)

Aerial Journals:—

Rivista Aeronautica (Ae. C. Journal.)

Aeronautics Magazine (Ae. C. Journal.)

Flying Grounds:—

Campo do Seigcal.

Mounchãvo da Povoa.

Mounchãvo from Povoa.

Private Aeroplanes.

Total at end of 1910	1
1911	2
1912	2

Private Aviators.

De Castro, Sanchez
De Silva, Gomez

Military Aviation.

In 1912 a military corps was formed. At the end of 1912 it possessed Avro (1—50 h.p.), Voisin (1—80 h.p.), and M. Farman (1—80 h.p.) (since wrecked). 1 Deperdussin.

In 1912, a military unit was created. By the end of 1912, it had Avro (1—50 h.p.), Voisin (1—80 h.p.), and M. Farman (1—80 h.p.) (which has since been wrecked). 1 Deperdussin.

Private Aviation.

In 1911 the Gouveia mono. was built, span 9 metres, but it failed to fly. Also the Avante biplane, which also failed. First flight in Portugal by a Portuguese was De Castro in September, 1912, with an old Bleriot.[Pg 187]

In 1911, the Gouveia monoplane was built, measuring 9 meters in wingspan, but it couldn't take off. The Avante biplane also failed to fly. The first flight in Portugal by a Portuguese was De Castro in September 1912, using an old Bleriot.[Pg 187]

ROUMANIAN.

Army Aeroplanes.

At end of March, 1913, there were several 80 h.p. Bristol monos., 2 Bleriots, 1 Nieuport, 1 Morane, 2 Vlaiclu, and several H. Farman biplanes.

At the end of March 1913, there were several 80 h.p. Bristol monoplanes, 2 Bleriots, 1 Nieuport, 1 Morane, 2 Vlaiclu, and several H. Farman biplanes.

Government school is at Bucharest.

The government school is in Bucharest.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Capsa, Lieut.
Negrescu, Lieut.
Protpopscu, Lieut.
Vacas, Lieut. Poly
Zorileann, Lieut. (Ae. F. 587)

Capsa, Lt.
Negrescu, Lt.
Protpopscu, Lt.
Vacas, Lt. Poly
Zorileann, Lt. (Ae. F. 587)

Private.

Bibesco, Prince (Ae. C. F. 20)
Oznoth

VLAICLU Monoplane.

Designed by Ouvret Vlaiclu. First shewn at the Vienna Exhibition, 1911. Modified; it flew very well indeed at Aspern, June, 1912. The 1912 model is of entirely novel type, a tail first monoplane with a propeller either end of the main planes, and a triangular tail aft. Principal details are:—Length, 34-2/3 feet (10.50 m.) Span, 30 feet (9.15 m.) Height, 12 feet (3.65 m.) Wing frame in three sections with gap between. Motor, 50 h.p., Gnome chain driven. Fuselage, old style; landing chassis on three wheels only, with a single ash skid in front. Covered in engine driving the 31 foot propeller shaft for the 2 propellers. Rear tail consists of 2 fixed planes, a triangular damping plane and a triangular keel plane. Forward, an elevator and two semi-circular rudders (double faced). From this combination remarkable results are achieved, and all gyrostatic effect from the propellers eliminated. Control, horizontal wheel on column. Elevator depressed or otherwise by action on column. Note.—At Vienna, 1912, this machine took first prize for the smallest circle and also for accurate bomb-dropping. The original machine was purchased by the Roumanian Army.[Pg 188]

Designed by Ouvret Vlaiclu. First shown at the Vienna Exhibition, 1911. It was modified and flew very well at Aspern in June 1912. The 1912 model is a completely new type, a tail-first monoplane with a propeller at each end of the main wings and a triangular tail at the back. Key details are: Length, 34-2/3 feet (10.50 m.) Span, 30 feet (9.15 m.) Height, 12 feet (3.65 m.) Wing frame in three sections with a gap between. Motor, 50 h.p., Gnome chain driven. Fuselage, old style; landing gear on only three wheels, with a single ash skid in front. Covered in engine driving the 31-foot propeller shaft for the two propellers. The rear tail consists of two fixed planes, a triangular damping plane, and a triangular keel plane. At the front, there’s an elevator and two semi-circular rudders (double-faced). This combination achieves remarkable results, eliminating all gyrostatic effects from the propellers. Control, horizontal wheel on the column. Elevator is adjusted by moving the column up or down. Note.—At Vienna, 1912, this machine won first prize for the smallest circle and for accurate bomb-dropping. The original machine was purchased by the Romanian Army.[Pg 188]

RUSSIAN.

General Note.—In the number of military machines and general attention to aviation Russia is only second to France. There are no effective machines of Russian design, but the Aviataka, Dux & Lomatuk firms build at home under foreign license, and there is also the Kennedy school (Anglo-Russian).

General Note.—In terms of the number of military aircraft and overall focus on aviation, Russia ranks just behind France. There aren’t any effective aircraft designed in Russia, but the Aviataka, Dux & Lomatuk companies manufacture locally under foreign licenses, and there's also the Kennedy school (Anglo-Russian).

Aerial Societies:—

(Imperial) Aero Club.

(Imperial) Air Club.

1. Odessa branch.

Odessa location.

2. Rostow and Don branch.

2. Rostow and Don location.

3. St. Petersburg "

St. Pete

Finland Ae. C., Helsingfors.

Finland Ae. C., Helsinki.

Kieff University Ae. C., Kieff.

Kyiv University, Kyiv.

Moscow Ae. C., Moscow.

Moscow A.D., Moscow.

Moscow Imp. Tech. College (Aviation Section).

Riga Ae. C., Riga.

Riga, Latvia.

Russian Aeronautical Society, St. Petersburg.

Russian Aeronautics Society, St. Petersburg.

Sevastopol Ae. C.

Sevastopol Avenue

Students' Aviation Club.

Aviation Club for Students.

Tomsk Ae. C., Tomsk.

Tomsk A.E. C., Tomsk.

Volunteer Aerial Fleet.

Volunteer Air Fleet.

Aerial Journals:—

Aeronautical Journal of St. Petersburg.

Aero (6, Liteiny, St. Petersburg). Weekly.

Dans l'Empire des Airs (7, Rota 26, Petersburg). Fortnightly.

In the Empire of the Air (7, Rota 26, Petersburg). Bi-weekly.

Revue de Navigation Aérienne (7 rue Stremmiannaya, Petersburg). Weekly.

Revue de Navigation Aérienne (7 Stremmiannaya Street, Petersburg). Weekly.

Sport (25, Ekaterineska, Odessa).

Sports (25, Ekaterineska, Odessa).

Wozdookhoplavatel (St. Petersburg). Monthly.

Wosduchoplawanie y Sport (Moscow). Monthly.

Flying Grounds:—

Gatchina Park.— Flying here under restrictions. V.F. school.

Gatchina Park.— Flying here with restrictions. V.F. school.

Kieff.—School for pilots.

Kieff.—Flight school.

Kolomiaggi.—Racecourse.

Kolomiaggi.—Race track.

Novo Therkask.

Odessa.

Odesa.

St. Petersburg.—Kennedy school.

St. Petersburg.—Kennedy School.

Sevastopol.—Volunteer Fleet school.

Sevastopol.—Volunteer Fleet Academy.

Warsaw.

Warsaw.

[Pg 189]

RUSSIAN MILITARY AVIATION.

Army Aviation.

Early in 1912, under the presidency of the Grand Duke Alexander, the special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association was finally formed at Sevastopol for the winter and Gatchina for the summer.

Early in 1912, during the presidency of Grand Duke Alexander, the special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association was officially established in Sevastopol for the winter and in Gatchina for the summer.

June 1912. Vote for 150 aeroplanes (140 to be built at home). Vote 1,050,000 roubles for new school at Tauride.

June 1912. Vote for 150 airplanes (140 to be built locally). Vote 1,050,000 rubles for a new school in Tauride.

November, 1912. Military trials results. (1) Sikorsky in a Sikorsky. (2) Haber in a M. Farman. (3) Boutmy in a Nieuport.

December, 1912. Aeronautical school re-organised. Put under control of one commandant, one assistant, and four juniors. Course made seven months—15 pupils per school at a time. A one month course in aeroplanes, aerial motors, etc. Of the pupils, 10 will be selected for aeroplanes. New flying school established at Taskend in Turkestan.

December, 1912. The aeronautical school has been restructured. It's now under the supervision of one commandant, one assistant, and four junior staff members. The course duration is seven months, accommodating 15 students per school at a time. There’s a one-month course focusing on airplanes, aerial engines, and so on. Out of the students, 10 will be chosen for airplane training. A new flying school has been set up in Taskend, Turkestan.

March, 1913. New schools established at Moscow, Odessa and Omsk.

March, 1913. New schools opened in Moscow, Odessa, and Omsk.

At the end of 1911 the total number of military aeroplanes was about 100. At the end of March, 1913, the total number was about 250, of which about 150 were modern. Principal types: Albatross, Aviatik, Bristol, Deperdussin, Farman, Nieuport, Rumpler, there being an average of 20 of each. The majority built under Russian license in Russia. The number of actual military pilots was 72. There is, however, a special volunteer corps of about 36 private aviators, bringing the available total to 108 or thereabouts.

At the end of 1911, there were about 100 military airplanes. By the end of March 1913, that number had increased to around 250, with roughly 150 being modern models. The main types included: Albatross, Aviatik, Bristol, Deperdussin, Farman, Nieuport, and Rumpler, with an average of 20 of each. Most of these were built under Russian license in Russia. There were 72 actual military pilots, but there was also a special volunteer group of about 36 private aviators, bringing the total available to around 108.

Navy Aviation.

July, 1912. Lieut. Andreadi, 50 h.p. Nieuport, did a flight with stops from Sevastopol to St. Petersburg.

July, 1912. Lieutenant Andreadi, in a 50 h.p. Nieuport, completed a flight with stops from Sevastopol to St. Petersburg.

September, 1912. Special naval aerodrome for hydro-avions ordered for Golodai Island, near Petersburg, bringing total of military and naval aerodromes to 6. Sikorsky hydro-avion acquired. Also an M. Farman ditto. New naval station projected at Libau.

September, 1912. A special naval airfield for seaplanes was ordered for Golodai Island, near Petersburg, bringing the total number of military and naval airfields to 6. An i>Sikorsky seaplane was acquired. Also, an M. Farman seaplane. A new naval station is planned at Libau.

October, 1912. Naval purchase of several Curtiss hydro-avions after trials at Sevastopol.

October, 1912. The Navy bought several Curtiss seaplanes after testing them in Sevastopol.

At the end of March, 1913, the approximate effective force was as follows (all hydros, or capable of being so fitted): 1 Astra, 1 Breguet, 2 Donnet-Leveque, 1 Farman, 4 Paulhan Curtiss, 2 Nieuport (50 h.p.), 1 Sikorsky. (A number of others on order.)

At the end of March 1913, the estimated effective force was as follows (all were hydros or could be fitted for it): 1 Astra, 1 Breguet, 2 Donnet-Leveque, 1 Farman, 4 Paulhan Curtiss, 2 Nieuport (50 h.p.), 1 Sikorsky. (Several others were on order.)

Early in 1913 experiments were carried out with a combination of floats and skids, invented by M. Lobanoff, of Moscow. This proved equally effective on land or water.

Early in 1913, experiments were conducted using a combination of floats and skids created by M. Lobanoff from Moscow. This design turned out to be just as effective on land as it was on water.

AVIATORS.

The following are army, navy or volunteer aviators. The number is the Russian Ae. C., unless otherwise stated. F = French. Prefix + = killed. n = navy.

The following are army, navy, or volunteer aviators. The number refers to the Russian Ae. C., unless stated otherwise. F = French. Prefix + = killed. n = navy.

Abramowitch Wissewold (14)
Agababa, N. (668°F)
Agofonoff (20 years old)
Aleknovitch, G. (29 years old)
Alexandroff, D. (472 F.)
n Andreadi, Lt.
Artsgouloff (44)
Avinass, J. (60)
Badowski, L.
Bakhmoutoff, N. (6)
Berdchenko, V. (7)
Bistritsky, V. (8)
Boukshevden, Bar. G. (10)
Boutmy (de), E.
Campo, Scipio (211 F.)
Childovski (67)
Chioni, B. (250 AD)
Chimansky (27 years old)
Choudinoff (46)
Dmitrieff, J. (9)
Dorogouski (125°F)
Dougowezky, A. (1)
n Dybovski, V. (12)
Efimoff, M. (31 years old)
Efimoff, T.
Erdeli, G. (45 years old)
Prince Eristov (524 F.)
Evsukoff, P. (21)
Firstemberg
Flegfier, Von.
Gelgar (33 years old)
Glouchenko, S. (48)
Godoulsky, A. (59)
Gorghkoff, G. (626°F)
Goumberto-Dros, B. (58)
Grekoff G. (5.)
Grigoraschirilly (577°F)
Houeninsey, A. (227°F)
Husarenko (22 years old)
Illin, A. (16)

Iougmeister (52)
Jankovsky, G. (24)
Joukoff (37)
Kaidenoff (42 years old)
Kamensky, V. (66)
Katzian, A.
+ Kauzminski (228 F.)
Kebouroff, V. (210°F)
Kirchstar
Kolchin, F. (28)
Komaroff, M. (245°F)
Kostine, N. (223°F)
Kauznezoff, P.
Kreiner, E.
Kroumm, A.
Lachtionoff, G. (57 years old)
Lambert (de) C. (8 F.)
Lebedeff, V. (98°F)
Lerche, M. (25 years old)
Lewkowicz, H. (327 F.)
Linno, G. (15)
Lipowski, H. (330°F)
Kokteff (61)
Makaroff, D. (13)
Makeef, P. (5)
Matyevitch, Matzevitch (152 F.)
n+Matyevitch, Capt. (178 F.)
Meybaum, T.
Miller (35 years old)
Monakoff, (565°F)
Naidenoff, G.
Naslennikoff, B.
Nikiforoff (18 years old)
Nikolaieff (49)
Nikolsky, P. (17)
Oulianine, S. (181°F)
Pehanovsky, B. (401 °F)
+ Pietrowsky, G. (195 F.)
Porcheron, J. (640°F)
Popoff, N. (50°F)

Poliakoff, A. (50)
Poplavko (34)
Pongolowski, W. (4)
Pristchepoff (38)
Raevsky, A. (F.)
Raygorodsky, A. (207 F.)
Rossinsky (68)
n Rouaroff, M. (245 F.)
Rynin, N. (23 years old)
Sakoff, N. de (627 F.)
Salesky (41)
Samoilo (11)
Samouiloff, P. (51)
Séméniovitch (226°F)
Semenko-Slavorossoff, H. (40)
Semitan (36)
Seversky-Prokofieff, N. (47)
Sewkowicz, L.
Shidloovsky, M.
Shimansky, K.
[Pg 190]Shimkevitch, V.
Sikorsky, I. (63)
Skarginsky, A. (43 years old)
Slusarenko, W.
+ Smith, V. (231 F.)
Sobansky Graph. (3)
Soechnikoff, A.
Soupnevsky, C. (26)
Springfield
Sredinsky, A.
Strelmkoff (71)
Tchemiakoff (72)
Tkatcheff, V. (64 years old)
Tounochensky (32 years old)
Tselary, I. (54)
Wassilieff, A. (225°F)
Zaikine (191°F)
Zelinsky, Colonel (273 F.)
+ Zolotouchin, M. (31)

CIVILIAN AVIATORS.

There are very few purely civilian aviators in Russia. Russians who have obtained brevets include Mdlles Anarta (52), Golantchikova (55), Zvereva (30), Count de Lambert, (8 F.) and Count Malynski (209 F.) and one or two others. Few or none do any flying now.

There are very few purely civilian pilots in Russia. Russians who have obtained licenses include Mademoiselle Anarta (52), Golantchikova (55), Zvereva (30), Count de Lambert (8 F.), and Count Malynski (209 F.) and a couple of others. Few, if any, are still flying nowadays.

RUSSIAN AEROPLANES.

A-Z

AVIATIK.

St. Petersburger Aviatik Gesellschaft, Petersburg. Construct Aviatiks. (See Germany.)

St. Petersburg Aviation Company, Petersburg. They build aircraft. (See Germany.)

BRONISLAWSKI.

Experimental biplane with special stabilising features.

Experimental biplane with unique stabilizing features.

DUX.

Fabrica Moscovita Tneerskaja "Dux," Lastawa, Moscow. Construct under license.

Fabrica Moscovita Tneerskaja "Dux," Lastawa, Moscow. Built under license.

GELTOUCHOW.

W. G. Geltouchow and A. W. Preiss, 4 Piasnitzkajai, Moscow. Constructs.

GILBERT.

C. Gilbert, 195 Twerskaja, Moscow. Constructs.

KENNEDY.

Soc. d. Dirigibles and Aeroplanes Kennedy, St. Petersburg.

MOTOR.

Riga-Sassenhof.

RODJESTVEISKY.

Built a triplane in 1911.[Pg 191]

Built a triplane in 1911.

RUSSIAN MILITARY DIRIGIBLES (13).

		(1)	(2)	(3 & 4)	(5, 6, 7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)	(13)
Name		LEBEDJ.	KOMMISSIONY.	JASTREB and GOLOUBJ.	ZODIAC VII, VIII & IX.	PARSEVAL.	FORSZMANN I.	FORSZMANN II.	ASTRA 13.	PARSEVAL 14.	C. BAYARD 6, bis.
Make		Lebaudy.	C. Bayard I.	Outchebny I & II.		Parseval 7.	Forszmann.	Forszmann.
Date		1910.	1910.	1910-11.	1910-11.	1911.	1911.	1912.	1913.	1913.	1913.
System		Semi-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Semi-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.	Non-rigid.
Volume	c. feet (m³.)	3700	3000	1500	2140	7600	800	600	9800	10,000	6200
Length	feet (m.)	200 (61)	184 (56.25)	...	164 (50)	236 (72)	121-1/2 (37)	...	259 (77.80)	279 (85)	250 (77.60)
Diameter	feet (m.)	35-1/2 (10.80)	34-3/4 (10.58)	...	29-1/2 (9)	46 (14)	19-3/4 (6)	...	49 (14.90)	52-1/2 (16)	42-3/4 (13)
Gas Bags	fabric	Continental	Continental	...	Continental	Continental	...	...	Continental	Reidinger	Continental
	ballonets	1	1	...	1	2	...	...	2 (3100 m³.)	2	2
	compartments	3	2	2	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Lift	total tons	4	3-3/4	...	2	7	1/2	1/3	...	...	7-1/2
	useful tons	1-1/4	1	...	...	...	...	...	nearly 4	about 3-1/2	2-3/4
Motor	h.p.	1-70 Panhard (=70)	1-105 Clement B. (=105)	1-75 E.N.V. (=75)	1-60 Labor (=60)	2-110 N.A.G. (=220)	1-24 (=24)	...	2-150 Chenu (=300)	2-180 Maybach (=360)	2-130 Clement B. (=260)
Propellers	number	2	1	1	1	two 4-bladed	1	1	3	two 4-bladed	2
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	30 (49)	33-1/2 (54)	13 (21)	33-1/2 (54)	37 (59)	23 (37)	...	36 (60)	43 (68)	...
Notes		ex La Russie.	Jastreb reported wrecked, March, 1913.			Carries 500 litres of petrol. Has done 6-1/3 hours at 1500 metres, with 9 on board.		One-man dirigible.	Carries 740 litres petrol. Crew 6. Weights:Crew 1044 lbs.Tools, &c. 220 "Petrol, oil, &c. 7307 " = 8541 "Forward propeller 6m. diameter; the two after ones 3 m. each.		Special 2 speedgear to propellers.

Note.—Illustrations see next page.

Note.—See illustrations on next page.

[Pg 192]

Lebedj. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

Jaster (Outchebny).

Commission. Uniform Dirigible Scale.

FURSZMANN.

Note.—The other dirigibles are of usual type. See France and Germany.

Note.—The other airships are of the standard type. See France and Germany.

[Pg 193]

SERVIA.

Military Aviation.

At end of March, 1913, there were 7 aeroplanes, and 3 more (Bleriots) on order.[Pg 194]

At the end of March 1913, there were 7 airplanes and 3 more (Bleriots) on order.[Pg 194]

SPANISH.

Aerial Societies:—

El Real Aëro Club de España (70 rue Alcala, Madrid).

El Real Aéro Club de España (70 Alcala Street, Madrid).

La Asociacion de Locomocion Aérea (20 Plaza de Cataluna, Barcelona).

La Asociación de Locomoción Aérea (20 Plaza de Cataluña, Barcelona).

Real Aero Club d'Espana.

Real Aero Club de España.

Cataluna Ae. C.

Catalonia AC.

Aerial Journals:—

Boletin Oficial de la Asociacion de Locomocion Aérea, 20, Plaza de Cataluna, Barcelona (monthly).

Official Bulletin of the Air Transport Association, 20, Plaza de Catalunya, Barcelona (monthly).

España Automovil, 5, plaza de Isabel II, Madrid. Official organ, Spanish R. Ae. C.

España Automovil, 5, Plaza de Isabel II, Madrid. Official publication, Spanish R. Ae. C.

Revista de Locomotion Aerea, 20, Plaza de Cataluna, Barcelona (monthly).

Air Locomotion Magazine, 20, Plaza de Catalonia, Barcelona (monthly).

Flying Grounds:—

Carbouchelle Military School.

Carbouchelle Military Academy.

Army Aeroplanes.

There are 9 old Farmans (1910-11 model), and one or two more modern monoplanes: but little is doing.

There are 9 old Farmans (1910-11 model), and one or two more modern monoplanes: but not much is happening.

Some hydro-aeroplanes are on order for the Navy.

Some seaplanes are on order for the Navy.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Adaro, Lt. J.
Alfaro, Lt. H.
Arridaga, Capt.
Berron, Lt. E.

Echevarria, J.
Gonzales, Capt. C. J.
Granche
Kindelan, Capt. A.

Menendez, M.
Ortiz, So. Lt. J.
Penas, M. de las
Pujo, Capt. (467 F)

Private.

Campano
Dras, J. F.
Jezzi, R. G. L. (British Ae. C. 44)[F]

Lailhacar, de
Pascal, Ferdinand

Pimentel, B. L.
Prince Alphonse d'Orleans (1)

The following Spanish aviators have been killed:—

1909.
Fernandez, A.

1911.
Pola, M.
Mauvais

1912.
Bayo, Capt.

[F] Jezzi lives in England where he is a well known amateur constructor.

[F] Jezzi lives in England and is a well-known hobbyist builder.

Military Dirigible Pilots.

Herrera, Lt. E.
Kindelan y Duany, Capt. A.
Vives y Vich, Col.

Herrera, Lt. E.
Kindelan and Duany, Capt. A.
Vives and Vich, Col.

[Pg 195]

SPANISH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid).

ESPANA. Military. (ASTRA class.)

Maximum length, 197 feet (60 m.) maximum diameter, 35-1/3 feet (10.75 m.) volume, 43,057 c. feet (4,000 m³.)

Maximum length: 197 feet (60 m) maximum diameter: 35-1/3 feet (10.75 m) volume: 43,057 cubic feet (4,000 m³)

Total lift.—9,700 lbs. (4,400 kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—Yellow coloured rubber proofed Continental fabric.

Inflatable bags.—Yellow rubber-coated Continental fabric.

Motor.—One 100 h.p. 4-cylinder Panhard.

Engine.—One 100 hp 4-cylinder Panhard.

Speed.—29 m.p.h.

Speed.—29 mph.

Propellers.—1, at the front end of the car, of wood, "Integrale" type.

Propellers.—1, at the front end of the car, made of wood, "Integrale" type.

Steering.—As in Clement Bayard I and Ville de Nancy.

Steering.—Similar to Clement Bayard I and Ville de Nancy.

Remarks.—The two side stabilising shapes are duplicated, as they are in the Ville de Paris. A webbing stretched on steel tubes is introduced between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilising shapes to provide extra stabilising surface.

Remarks.—The two side stabilizing shapes are duplicated, just like in the Ville de Paris. A webbing stretched across steel tubes is added between the inner edges of the four main stabilizing shapes to provide extra stabilizing surface.

TORRES-QUEVEDO II. Military.

Maximum length, 147¾ feet (45 m.) maximum diameter, 32¾ feet (10 m.) volume, 56,700 c. feet (1,600 m³.)

Maximum length, 147¾ feet (45 m.) maximum diameter, 32¾ feet (10 m.) volume, 56,700 cubic feet (1,600 m³.)

Total lift.— lbs. ( kgs.) Useful lift, lbs. ( kgs.)

Gas bags.—

Gasbags.—

Motor.—60 h.p. Chenu.

Motor.—60 hp Chenu.

Speed.—

Velocity.—

Propellers.—

Steering.—

Remarks.—Designed by Captain Kindelan and Engineer Torres Quevedo.

Remarks.—Created by Captain Kindelan and Engineer Torres Quevedo.

[Pg 196]

SWEDISH.

(Revised by Lieut. DAHLBECK, R. Swedish Navy.)

Aerial Societies:—

Svenska Aëronautiska Sällskapet (Stockholm).

Svenska Aeronautiska Sällskapet (Stockholm).

Kungl. Automobil klubben: (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm).

Royal Automobile Club: (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm).

Svenska Motor-klubben: Aero sektion (Stockholm).

Swedish Motor Club: Aero section (Stockholm).

Aerial Journals:—

Svensk Motor-Tidning (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm) Fortnightly.

Svensk Motor-Tidning (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm) Biweekly.

Flying Grounds:—

Ljungbyhed (Skåne), sheds.

Ljungbyhed (Skåne), barns.

Malmslãtt, sheds.

Malmslãtt, storage sheds.

Military Aeroplanes.

At the end of March, 1913, the Army possessed 1 monoplane, 1 biplane, and 2 biplanes building.

At the end of March 1913, the Army had 1 monoplane, 1 biplane, and 2 biplanes under construction.

The Navy had 1 Bleriot type monoplane and 3 building.

The Navy had 1 Bleriot type monoplane and 3 under construction.

At the end of 1912 there were 9 privately owned aeroplanes.

At the end of 1912, there were 9 privately owned airplanes.

AVIATORS.

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. Swedish pilot certificate.)

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. Swedish pilot certificate.)

Military.

Military.

von Porat, Lieut. (6)
Ljungner, Lieut. (7)
Hamilton, Capt. (2)

von Porat, Lieutenant (6)
Ljungner, Lieutenant (7)
Hamilton, Captain (2)

Naval.

Navy.

Dahlbeck, Lieut. (3) (British Ae. C. 120)
Werner, Lieut. (9)

Dahlbeck, Lt. (3) (British Ae. C. 120)
Werner, Lt. (9)

Private.

Confidential.

Cedarstrõm, Baron C. (1)
Fjãllbãck (4)
Ångstrõm (5)
Sundstedt (8)
Thulin, M.A. (10)

Cedarstrom, Baron C. (1)
Fjallback (4)
Angstrom (5)
Sundstedt (8)
Thulin, M.A. (10)

[Pg 197]

SWEDISH AEROPLANES.

ASK. Monoplane.

Harlan type. Built by Ask, 1911.

NYROP. Naval Monoplane.

Bleriot 2-seater. Built in Sweden by Nyrop, 1911. Motor, 50 h.p. Gnome.

DAHLBECK.

Farman type. Built by Lieut. Dahlbeck. 1913.

[Pg 198]

SWISS.

(By our special Swiss editor.)

(From our Swiss editor.)

Aerial Societies:—

Aero Club Suisse (3, Hirschengraben, Berne). Sec.: F. Filliot.

Aero Club Suisse (3, Hirschengraben, Bern). Sec.: F. Filliot.

a Ostschweizerischer V. für L. (Zürich).

a East Swiss V. for L. (Zurich).

b Sektion Mittelschwerz (Bern).

b Section Middleweight (Bern).

c Sektion Westschweiz (Romande) (Lausanne).

c West Switzerland Section (Romande) (Lausanne).

d Club Suisse d'Aviation (Geneva).

d Swiss Aviation Club (Geneva).

Club Genêvois d'Aviation (Geneva). Sec.: P. Brasier.

Flügsport Klub (Rorschach). Sec.: A. Zürn.

Flügsport Club (Rorschach). Secretary: A. Zürn.

Aerial Journals:—

Bulletin de l'Aero Club Suisse (Berne). Monthly.

Bulletin of the Swiss Aero Club (Bern). Monthly.

La Suisse Sportive (16, Rue de Hesse, Geneva). Weekly.

La Suisse Sportive (16 Rue de Hesse, Geneva). Weekly.

Sport (35, Boulevard Exterieur, Berne).

Sports (35, Boulevard Exterieur, Berne).

Automobil Revue (Berne). Weekly.

Automobile Review (Bern). Weekly.

Le Sport Suisse (Geneva). Weekly.

Le Sport Suisse (Geneva). Weekly publication.

L'Auto Sport (Geneva). Weekly.

A.C.S. (Swiss Aut. Clubs) (Geneva). Fortnightly.

A.C.S. (Swiss Auto Clubs) (Geneva). Biweekly.

Das Illustrierte Programm (Zurich). Fortnightly.

Das Illustrierte Programm (Zurich). Biweekly.

Revue Weinfelden. Monthly.

Weinfelden Review. Monthly.

Flying Grounds:—

Avenches.

Avenches.

Collex-Versoix. (Club Suisse d'Aviation).

Collex-Versoix. (Swiss Aviation Club).

Lucerne.—60 acre park. Sheds.

Lucerne.—60-acre park. Sheds.

Petit Lancy. Geneva (Geneva Club).

Dübendorf bei Zurich.

Dübendorf near Zurich.

Dirigible Station (with hangars):—

Lucerne.

Army Aeroplanes.

At the end of March, 1913, there were no army aeroplanes, a Farman bought in 1911 having ceased to exist.

At the end of March 1913, there were no army airplanes, as a Farman purchased in 1911 was no longer in operation.

Private Aeroplanes.

Total at end of 1910	about	10
1911	"	15

At the end of March, 1913, there were about 15 privately owned aeroplanes.

At the end of March 1913, there were about 15 privately owned airplanes.

AVIATORS.

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. Suisse pilot certificate number.) + = killed.

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. Suisse pilot certificate number.) + = killed.

Military.

Real, Lieut. T. (4)
+ Schmidt, Capt. J.

Real, Lt. T. (4)
+ Schmidt, Capt. J.

Private.

Audemars, E. (7)
Bianchi, P. (6)
Bider, O. (32)
+ Blane, M. (17)
Bucher, M. (11)
Burkard, H. (20)
Burri, E. (24)
Casser, E. (28)
+ Cobioni, E. (15)
Domenjoz, J. (10)
Durafour, F. (3)
Failloubaz, E. (1)
Grandjean, R. (2l)
Gsell, R. (12)
+ Hösli, G. (25)
Hug, M. (18)
Ingold, K. E. (35)

Audemars, E. (7)
Bianchi, P. (6)
Bider, O. (32)
+ Blane, M. (17)
Bucher, M. (11)
Burkard, H. (20)
Burri, E. (24 years old)
Casser, E. (28 years old)
+ Cobioni, E. (15)
Domenjoz, J. (10)
Durafour, F. (3)
Failloubaz, E. (1)
Grandjean, R. (21)
Gsell, R. (12)
+ Hösli, G. (25)
Hug, M. (18 years old)
Ingold, K. E. (35)

Jucker, A. (13)
Kramer, H. (31 years old)
Mallei, A. (23 years old)
Parmelin, A. (22)
+ Primavesi, E. (34)
Rech, E. (29)
Rettig, J. J. (27)
Reynold, M. (19)
Ruchonnet, E. (5)
Rupp, A. (9)
Salvioni, C. (2016)
+ Schmid, H. (14)
Schumacher, J. (26)
Taddoli, E. (2)
Trepp, M. (30 years old)
Wyss P.A. (8)
Züst, B. (33 years old)

[Pg 199]

SWISS AEROPLANES.

Grandjean.

Taddeoli.

Wetterwald.

Model and date.		GRANDJEAN. Hydro-monoplane. 1911-12.	TADDEOLI. Monoplane. 1911-12.	WETTERWALD. Monoplane. 1912.
Length	feet (m.)	33 (10)	19-3/4 (6)	24-1/2 (7.50)
Span	feet (m.)	33 (10)	29-1/2 (9)	33 (10)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	191 (18)	151 (14)	215 (20)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	750 (340)	880 (400)	705 (320)
	useful, lbs. (kgs.)	310 (140)	330 (150)	...
Motor	h.p.	50 Oerlikon	50 Gnome	40 E.N.V.
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	62 (100)	69 (110)	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	56 (90)	...	...
Number built during 1912		2	1	1

[Pg 200]

TURKISH.

Army Aeroplanes.

There is a military aerodrome at S. Stefano, with Amerigo, Renzel and Thanlau as instructors.

There’s a military airfield at S. Stefano, with Amerigo, Renzel, and Thanlau as instructors.

In March, 1913, there were about 12 monoplanes (Harlans & Reps), and one or two biplanes. Only one seems actually to have been used. Several other aeroplanes were captured during the war—generally in their packing cases unopened. In April, 50 machines were reported ordered in Germany.

In March 1913, there were around 12 monoplanes (Harlans & Reps) and one or two biplanes. It seems that only one was actually in use. Several other airplanes were captured during the war, usually still in their unopened packing cases. In April, 50 aircraft were reported ordered in Germany.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Fessa, Bey (780, F.)
Kienan, Lt. (797, F.)
Nouri, Lt.
Ratzian
Refik, Capt.
Sismanoglou, J.

URUGUAY.

Aeroplanes in the country.

None.

None.

AVIATOR:

Cameo, M. Garcia

[Pg 201]

U.S.A.

(Edited by E. L. JONES, Editor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.)

General Note.—In the early nineties, Professor Langley and the Bros. Wright were experimenting with heavier-than-air machines, but general interest in the subject is quite recent. Though some small dirigibles exist, American attention is mainly devoted to aeroplanes. Ballooning was quite the thing in 1907-11, but has languished.

General Note.—In the early nineties, Professor Langley and the Wright Brothers were testing heavier-than-air machines, but interest in the topic has only recently grown. While there are some small dirigibles, most American attention is focused on airplanes. Ballooning was very popular from 1907 to 1911, but has since declined.

It is stated that there are certainly no less than two thousand people in the U. S. A. who have built flying machines. The greater percentage of these have been home-made copies of standard machines. Individual builders of copies and freaks have diminished greatly in numbers, and there remains a few well-established manufacturers.

It is said that there are definitely at least two thousand people in the U.S.A. who have created flying machines. Most of these have been homemade replicas of standard designs. The number of individual builders of replicas and unique designs has significantly decreased, and only a few well-established manufacturers remain.

Although inventors are still prolific in the Patent Office and clubs numerous, the general public takes very slight intelligent interest in aviation. The majority of clubs are inactive.

Although inventors are still active in the Patent Office and there are many clubs, the general public shows very little real interest in aviation. Most clubs are inactive.

In the year 1912 commercial development seemed to have great possibilities. The copyists were being weeded out and competent aeronautical constructors financed by adequate means began operations on systematic business lines. The latter half of the year saw a great slump. In the spring of 1913 prospects looked greatly improved, and there was generally increased activity.

In 1912, commercial development appeared promising. The less skilled were being removed, and capable aircraft builders backed by sufficient funding started working on organized business plans. However, the latter half of the year experienced a significant downturn. By spring 1913, the outlook looked much better, and there was overall increased activity.

Aerial Journals:—

Aeronautics.—122, East 25th Street, New York. Monthly.

Aeronautics.—122 East 25th Street, New York. Monthly.

Aircraft.—37, East 28th Street, New York. Monthly.

Aircraft.—37 East 28th Street, New York. Monthly.

Fly.—1701, Chestnut, Philadelphia, Pa. Monthly.

Fly.—1701, Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA. Monthly.

Aero.—Chicago, Ills. Weekly.

Aero.—Chicago, IL. Weekly.

Flying Grounds:—

Belmont Park, N.Y.—Old race track. Not very good. Scene of 1910 meet. 30 sheds occupied by few experimenters.

Belmont Park, N.Y.—An old racetrack. Not great. Site of the 1910 meeting. 30 sheds occupied by a few researchers.

Dayton.—Wright school private field.

Dayton.—Wright School private field.

Chicago, Ills.—Two fine fields.

Chicago, IL—Two great fields.

Fort Myer, Va.—Government and private sheds.

Fort Myer, Va.—Government and private buildings.

Hammondsport, N.Y.—Curtiss factory. Field (small) and lake for water planes.

Hammondsport, N.Y.—Curtiss factory. Small field and lake for seaplanes.

Los Angeles, Calif.—Several fields in vicinity. Used for Eaton school and private flyers.

Los Angeles, California.—Several fields nearby. Used for Eaton school and private flyers.

Marblehead, Mass.—Poor field. Home of Burgess C. Fine for hydro-aeroplanes.

Marblehead, Mass.—Not a great area. Home of Burgess C. Good for hydro-aeroplanes.

Mineola, N.Y.—Moisant, Sloane and another school, and individuals. About 1 by 10 miles level field, without obstructions.

Mineola, N.Y.—Moisant, Sloane and another school, and individuals. About 1 by 10 miles of flat land, with no obstacles.

Oakwood Heights, Staten I., N.Y.—The Aeronautical Soc. grounds, on bay for use of hydro-aeroplanes.

Oakwood Heights, Staten I., N.Y.—The Aeronautical Society grounds, on the bay for the use of hydro-aeroplanes.

San Diego, Calif.—Winter quarters Curtiss camp; also used by army flyers.

San Diego, Calif.—Winter camp for Curtiss; also used by army pilots.

San Francisco (near).—Good.

San Francisco (close by).—Good.

St. Louis, Mo.—Kinloch Park. Benoist school and private owners.

St. Louis, MO.—Kinloch Park. Benoist school and private owners.

[Pg 202]

U. S. A. AERO CLUBS.

An attempt has been made here to give the name of every aero club that has been formed recently in the United States, or has been in existence for a long time. It is believed this list covers every club in the United States.

An effort has been made to include the name of every aero club that has been established recently in the United States, as well as those that have been around for a long time. This list is thought to cover every club in the United States.

Many of these clubs are nothing but a name. They were formed to conduct meets or exhibitions, given by the various aeroplane concerns engaged in this business. Many clubs are not incorporated. Others have no organisation, being run by principals of boys' schools or classes.

Many of these clubs are just names. They were created to host events or exhibitions organized by various companies involved in the aviation industry. Many clubs aren't officially registered. Others lack any real structure, being managed by heads of boys' schools or classes.

Clubs even affiliated with the Aero Club of America have no members' meetings, nor have they in many cases even meeting rooms. There are but a half-dozen live aero clubs worthy the name in America. Three clubs own balloons, which are rented to members for ascensions. Little attempt is made by more than one or two associations to popularise aeronautics, to encourage experimenters, or to indulge in scientific work.

Clubs that are even connected to the Aero Club of America don’t hold members' meetings, and in many instances, they don’t even have meeting rooms. There are only about six active aero clubs in America that truly deserve the name. Three clubs own balloons, which are rented out to members for trips. Very few associations make an effort to promote aeronautics, support experimenters, or engage in scientific work.

The Aero Club of America, the Aeronautical Society and Aero Club of Illinois, are the principal organisations. The Ae. C. represents the F.A.I., and has a beautiful club house. The Aeronautical Society has rooms in the United Engineering Building, conducts well-attended lectures twice a month, and has grounds on Straten Island (for hydro-aeroplanes and aeroplanes).

The Aero Club of America, the Aeronautical Society, and the Aero Club of Illinois are the main organizations. The Aero Club represents the F.A.I. and has a beautiful clubhouse. The Aeronautical Society has offices in the United Engineering Building, hosts popular lectures twice a month, and has grounds on Staten Island (for hydroplanes and airplanes).

Clubs affiliated with the Ae. C. of America are marked *

Clubs connected with the Ae. C. of America are marked *

CALIFORNIA.

New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Sec., New Orleans

New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Secretary, New Orleans

*Aero Club of California, Prof. H. La V. Twining, Pres., 1308 Calumet St. Los Angeles.

*Aero Club of California, Prof. H. La V. Twining, Pres., 1308 Calumet St. Los Angeles.*

*Pacific Aero Club, Pacific Buildings, 331 Octavia Street, San Francisco

Postal Aero Club, 305 W. Santa Clara Street, San Jose

Postal Aero Club, 305 W. Santa Clara St., San Jose

University of California Aero Club, T. W. Veitch, Sec., Berkeley

University of California Aero Club, T. W. Veitch, Secretary, Berkeley

Oakland Aero Club, Oakland

*Aero Club of Colorado, 36 West Colfax Avenue, Denver, Col.

*Aero Club of Colorado, 36 West Colfax Avenue, Denver, CO.*

Aero Club of Blackstonehill, Oakland, Calif, c/o W. R. Davis, Jr., 474 Prospect Street

Aero Club of Blackstonehill, Oakland, CA, c/o W. R. Davis, Jr., 474 Prospect Street

Curtiss Amateur Aviation Club, Harold Scott, Secretary, Los Angeles

Santa Clara Valley Aero Club, Chamber of Commerce, San Jose

Aero Club of San Diego, San Diego, Colonel C. C. Collier, Pres.

Aero Club of San Diego, San Diego, Colonel C. C. Collier, President.

Aero Club of Pasedena, W. J. Hogan, Pres., 635 Chamber of Commerce, Box 1054

Aero Club of Pasadena, W. J. Hogan, President, 635 Chamber of Commerce, Box 1054

CONNECTICUT.

*Aero Club of Connecticut, Pres., A. Holland Forbes, at Fairfield

*Aero Club of Connecticut, President, A. Holland Forbes, at Fairfield

Yale University Aero Club, New Haven

Aero Club of Hartford, Hiram Percy Maxim, Pres., Hartford

Aero Club of Hartford, Hiram Percy Maxim, President, Hartford

CUBA.

*Aero Club de Cuba, Ignario 5, Havana

*Aero Club de Cuba, Ignario 5, Havana*

DELAWARE.

Aero Club of Delaware, Wilmington

Delaware Aero Club, Wilmington

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Washington Aero Scientific Club, F. L. Rice, Sec., c/o Y.M.C.A., Washington

Washington Aero Scientific Club, F. L. Rice, Secretary, c/o YMCA, Washington

*Aero Club of Washington, Dr. Albert F. Zahm, Sec., Cosmos Club, Washington

*Aero Club of Washington, Dr. Albert F. Zahm, Secretary, Cosmos Club, Washington*

FLORIDA.

Aeronautic Society of Florida, Davenport and Kerrison, Secs., 2014 Main Street, Jacksonville

ILLINOIS.

*Aero Club of Illinois, F. McCormick, Pres., 240 Michigan Avenue, Chicago

*Aero Club of Illinois, F. McCormick, President, 240 Michigan Avenue, Chicago*

Aeroplane and Kite Club, E. E. Harbert, Pres., 2852 N. Clark Street, Chicago

Aeroplane and Kite Club, E. E. Harbert, President, 2852 N. Clark Street, Chicago

University of Chicago Aero Club, Chicago

*Aircraft Club of Peoria, c/o Leslie Lord, 505 E. Armstrong Street, Peoria

Aeronautical Society of the University of Illinois, Urbana, R. Watts, Sec., 507 E. John Street, Champaigne

Aeronautical Society of the University of Illinois, Urbana, R. Watts, Sec., 507 E. John Street, Champaign

INDIANA.

Purdue Aero Club, Purdue University, Lafayette

South Bend Aero Club, South Bend.

*Aero Club of Indiana, Indianapolis

Aero Club of Indiana, Indy

KANSAS.

Aero Club of Topeka, Topeka

Topeka Aero Club, Topeka

*Western Aero Association, E. S. Cole, Sec., Topeka

*Western Aero Association, E. S. Cole, Secretary, Topeka

Kansas State Aero Club, C. H. Lyons, Sec., Overland Park

Kansas State Aero Club, C. H. Lyons, Secretary, Overland Park

KENTUCKY.

Continental Aero Club, Richmond

LOUISIANA.

Southern Aero Club, 809 Canal Street, New Orleans

New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Sec., New Orleans

New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Secretary, New Orleans

MARYLAND.

*Aero Club of Baltimore, Col. Jerome H. Joyce, Pres., Baltimore

*Aero Club of Baltimore, Col. Jerome H. Joyce, President, Baltimore*

MASSACHUSETTS.

Aero Club of North Adams, North Adams

*Aero Club of New England, A. R. Shrigley, Sec., 26 Trement St., Boston

*Aero Club of New England, A. R. Shrigley, Secretary, 26 Trement St., Boston

Amherst Aero Club, Amherst

*Pittsfield Aero Club, L. J. Minahan, Pres., Pittsfield

*Pittsfield Aero Club, L. J. Minahan, President, Pittsfield

Springfield Aero Club, c/o Charles T. Shean, Pres., 3 John Street, Springfield

Springfield Aero Club, c/o Charles T. Shean, President, 3 John Street, Springfield

Tufts College Aero Club, Tufts College

*Harvard Aeronautical Society, Prof. A. Lawrence Rotch, Pres., Blue Hill Observatory

*Harvard Aeronautical Society, Prof. A. Lawrence Rotch, President, Blue Hill Observatory

Mass. Inst. of Technology Aero Club, John S. Selfridgem, Sec., Inst. of Technology, Boston

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Aero Club, John S. Selfridge, Secretary, Institute of Technology, Boston

Dartmouth Aero Club, Richard F. Paul, Sec., Dartmouth

Dartmouth Aero Club, Richard F. Paul, Secretary, Dartmouth

First Assn. of Licensed Pilots, Chas. J. Glidden, Pres., Hotel Somerset, Boston

First Association of Licensed Pilots, Chas. J. Glidden, President, Hotel Somerset, Boston

Williams Aeronautical Society, Williams College, Robert O. Starret, Sec., Williamstown

Williams Aeronautical Society, Williams College, Robert O. Starret, Secretary, Williamstown

[Pg 203]

MICHIGAN.

*Aero Club of Michigan, C. B. du Charme, Sec., Detroit

*Aero Club of Michigan, C. B. du Charme, Secretary, Detroit*

University of Michigan Aero Club, Ann Arbor

MINNESOTA.

Minneapolis Junior Aero Club, Stillman Chase, Sec., 3047 5th Avenue, S., Minneapolis

Minneapolis Junior Aero Club, Stillman Chase, Secretary, 3047 5th Avenue South, Minneapolis

St. Louis Experimental Ass'n., 5346 Zealand Street, St. Louis

St. Louis Experimental Association, 5346 Zealand Street, St. Louis

*Kansas City Aero Club, George M. Myers, Pres., Convention Hall, Kansas City

*Kansas City Aero Club, George M. Myers, President, Convention Hall, Kansas City*

MISSOURI.

*Aero Club of St. Louis, 1429 Pine Street, St. Louis

*Aero Club of St. Louis, 1429 Pine Street, St. Louis*

MONTANA.

Aero Club of St. Charles College, Helena

NEBRASKA.

Aero Club of Nebraska, Col. Wm. H. Glassford, Pres., Fort Omaha

Aero Club of Nebraska, Colonel Wm. H. Glassford, President, Fort Omaha

Junior Aero Club or the Y.M.C.A., c/o Y.M.C.A., Omaha

Lincoln Aero Club, Lincoln, c/o G. R. Brownfield, 1234 "O" Street

Lincoln Aero Club, Lincoln, c/o G. R. Brownfield, 1234 O Street

Aviation Club of Nebraska, Arthur Frenzer, Sec., 2778 California Street, Omaha

Aviation Club of Nebraska, Arthur Frenzer, Secretary, 2778 California Street, Omaha

NEW JERSEY.

Princeton University Aero Club, Princeton

Princeton University Aero Club

Aeronautic Society of New Jersey, c/o N.J. Automobile & Motor Club, Broad Street, Newark

Aero Club of New Jersey, c/o James K. Duffy, Sec., 315 Madison Avenue, New York

Aero Club of New Jersey, c/o James K. Duffy, Secretary, 315 Madison Avenue, New York

New Jersey Aeronautical League, W. A. Kraus, Sec., Guttenberg

New Jersey Aeronautical League, W. A. Kraus, Secretary, Guttenberg

Aero and Motor Club, Asbury Park

Atlantic City Aero Club, Col. Walter E. Edge, Sec., Atlantic City

Atlantic City Aero Club, Col. Walter E. Edge, Secretary, Atlantic City

Model School Aero Club, Trenton, R. G. Teavitt, Sec.

Model School Aero Club, Trenton, R. G. Teavitt, Secretary.

Trenton Aero Club, James Fenton, Sec., Trenton

Trenton Aero Club, James Fenton, Secretary, Trenton

NEW YORK.

*Aero Club of America, 297 Madison Avenue, Chas. Walsh, Sec.

Aero Club of America, 297 Madison Avenue, Chas. Walsh, Secretary

The Aeronautical Society, 250 W. 54th Street, Arnold Kruckman, Gen. Sec.

Aeronautic Alumni Ass'n., c/o West Side Y.M.C.A., West 57th Street

Aeronautic Alumni Association, care of West Side YMCA, West 57th Street

New York Model Aero Club, Adrien Lacroix, Sec., 141 Lexington Avenue

New York Model Aero Club, Adrien Lacroix, Secretary, 141 Lexington Avenue

National Model Aero Club, c/o A. Leo Stevens, 282 9th Avenue

Stuyvesant Aeronautic Society, 345 East 15th Street, Percey W. Pierce, Sec.

Stuyvesant Aeronautic Society, 345 East 15th Street, Percy W. Pierce, Secretary

Columbia Aero Club, Columbia University, 116th Street

Dewitt Clinton High School Aero Club, 58th Street and 10th Avenue

*Aero Club of Buffalo, Lafayette Hotel, Buffalo, N.Y.

*Aero Club of Buffalo, Lafayette Hotel, Buffalo, NY.*

Thousand Islands Aero Club, c/o Dr. J. M. Gibbons, 168 Montague Street, Ithaca

Aeronautic Section, Technology Club, Syracuse

Aerospace Section, Tech Club, Syracuse

Boys' High School Aero Club, Henry St. Pieless, Sec., 815 Avenue, J., Brooklyn

Boys' High School Aero Club, Henry St. Pieless, Secretary, 815 Avenue J, Brooklyn

*Rochester Aero Club, c/o L. J. Seely, 10 Culver Road, Rochester

Aero Club of the Y.M.C.A., Harold C. Carpenter, Pres., White Plains

Aero Club of the YMCA, Harold C. Carpenter, President, White Plains

Aero Club, Haliano, U.S.A., 135, West 12th Street, N.Y. Seventy-two members. C. Chiantelli, Sec.

Aero Club, Haliano, U.S.A., 135 West 12th Street, New York. Seventy-two members. C. Chiantelli, Secretary.

Junior Aero Club, c/o A. E. Horn, Public School, 77 Park Avenue and 84th Street

Aero Club of Long Island, c/o Hohn H. Lisle, Alen Cove

Aero Club of Long Island, c/o Hohn H. Lisle, Allen Cove

Commerce Aero Club, 65 West 117th Street

*Aero Club of New York, Garden City.

*Aero Club of New York, Garden City.*

Mechanics Aeronautical Ass'n., c/o H. H. Simms, 304 Cutler Building, Rochester

Mechanics Aeronautical Association, c/o H. H. Simms, 304 Cutler Building, Rochester

Aeronautical Research Club of the Y.M.C.A., H. C. Myers, Sec., Buffalo

Aeronautical Research Club of the Y.M.C.A., H. C. Myers, Secretary, Buffalo

Aero Club Italiano, Saverio A. Mascia, 403 Park Avenue

Aero Club Italiano, Saverio A. Mascia, 403 Park Ave

Aeronautical Society of Women, Miss Dorothy E. Ball, Sec., 250 West 54th Street

Aeronautical Society of Women, Miss Dorothy E. Ball, Secretary, 250 West 54th Street

OHIO.

*Aero Club of Ohio, Canton

Ohio Aero Club, Canton

*Aero Club of Dayton, Dayton

Aero Club of Dayton, Dayton

International Aeroplane Club, Dayton

International Airplane Club, Dayton

Cleveland Aero Club, C. J. Forbes, Sec., Hollanden Hotel, Cleveland

Cleveland Aero Club, C. J. Forbes, Secretary, Hollanden Hotel, Cleveland

*Aero Club of Cincinnati, c/o P. L. Mitchell, Traction Buildings, Cincinnati

*Aero Club of Cincinnati, c/o P. L. Mitchell, Traction Buildings, Cincinnati*

OREGON.

Portland Aero Club, E. Henry Wemme, Pres., Portland

Portland Aero Club, E. Henry Wemme, President, Portland

PENNSYLVANIA.

Aviation Section, Professional Chauffeurs Ass'n. of America, 1933 Spring Gardens, Phil.

Aviation Section, Professional Chauffeurs Association of America, 1933 Spring Gardens, Philadelphia.

*Aero Club of Pennsylvania, Rev. Geo. S. Gassner, Sec., Betz Buildings, Phil.

*Aero Club of Pennsylvania, Rev. Geo. S. Gassner, Sec., Betz Buildings, Phil.*

Ben Franklin Aeronautical Ass'n., c/o Dr. T. Chalmers Fulton, 6th and Diamond Street, Phil.

Ben Franklin Aeronautical Association, c/o Dr. T. Chalmers Fulton, 6th and Diamond Street, Philadelphia.

Philadelphia Aeronautical Recreation Society, Dr. Thos. E. Eldridge, Pres., 1639 N. Broad Street, Phil.

Philadelphia Aeronautical Recreation Society, Dr. Thos. E. Eldridge, President, 1639 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia

Haverford College Aero Club, Haverford, Pa.

Haverford College Aero Club, Haverford, PA.

Swartmore College Aero Club, Swartmore, Pa.

Swarthmore College Aero Club, Swarthmore, PA.

Univ. of Penn. Aero Club, Univ. of Penn., Phil., Pa.

Univ. of Penn. Aero Club, Univ. of Penn., Philadelphia, PA

Aero Club of Carnegie, Tech. Schools, Pittsburg, Pa.

Aero Club of Carnegie, Tech. Schools, Pittsburgh, PA.

Intercollegiate Aeronautical Ass'n., Geo. A. Richardson, Pres., Univ. of Penn., Phil.

Intercollegiate Aeronautical Association, George A. Richardson, President, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Pittsburg Aero Club, H. P. Haas, Sec., Magel Buildings, Pittsburg, Pa.

Pittsburgh Aero Club, H. P. Haas, Secretary, Magel Buildings, Pittsburgh, PA.

RHODE ISLAND.

Pawtucket Aero Club, Pawtucket

Rhode Island Aeronautical Society, Providence, John J. Long, Sec., c/o Brown University

Rhode Island Aeronautical Society, Providence, John J. Long, Secretary, c/o Brown University

TENNESSE.

Nashville Aero Club, Nashville, E. Fisher Coles, Sec.

Nashville Aero Club, Nashville, E. Fisher Coles, Secretary.

TEXAS.

Dallas Aero Club, c/o Chamber of Commerce

San Antonio Aero Club, c/o Dr. Fred J. Fielding, 423 Hick's Buildings, San Antonio

South Western Aero Club, P.O. Box 821, Fort Worth

Texas Junior Aeronautical Ass'n., Hugh Dumas, Pres., Fort Worth

Texas Junior Aeronautical Association, Hugh Dumas, President, Fort Worth

UTAH.

Aero Club of Utah, c/o L. R. Culver, 11 Eagle Block, Salt Lake City

Salt Lake City Aero Club, c/o Mr. Campbell, Walker Bank Buildings, Salt Lake City

VERMONT.

Aero Club of Vermont, Chas. T. Fairfield, Pres., c/o Rutland News, Rutland

Aero Club of Vermont, Chas. T. Fairfield, President, c/o Rutland News, Rutland

VIRGINIA.

University of Virginia Aero Club, Stanford Swin, Sec., University of Virginia

Virginia-Tennesse Aero Club, Bristol, Va-Tenn, C. W. Morey, Sec.

Virginia-Tennessee Aero Club, Bristol, VA-TN, C. W. Morey, Secretary.

WASHINGTON.

Aero Club of Washington, 415 Union Trust Buildings, Washington, D.C.

Aero Club of Washington, 415 Union Trust Building, Washington, D.C.

Aero Club of Seattle, c/o M. Robert Guggenheim, 511 Lonan Buildings, Seattle

Walla Walla Aero Club, Walla Walla

WISCONSIN.

*Milwaukee Aero Club, Milwaukee, c/o Major Henry B. Hersey, Chief of the Weather Bureau, Milwaukee

Milwaukee Aeronautic Society, Pres., Sherman Brown, Manager of Davidson Theatre, Milwaukee

Milwaukee Aeronautic Society, President, Sherman Brown, Manager of Davidson Theatre, Milwaukee

[Pg 204]

U.S.A. MILITARY AVIATION.

U. S. ARMY AEROPLANE SPECIFICATIONS. (1912).

SPEED SCOUT MILITARY AEROPLANE.

(1) Carry one person with the seat located to permit of the largest possible field of observation. (2) Ascend at the rate of 1500 feet in three minutes, while carrying fuel for one hour's flight. (3) Carry fuel for a three hours' flight. (4) Must be easily transportable by road, rail, etc., and easily and rapidly assembled and adjusted. (5) The starting and landing devices must be part of the machine itself, and it must be able to start without outside assistance. (6) The engine must be capable of throttling. (7) The engine will be subject to endurance test in the air of two hours' continuous flight. (8) Speed in the air of at least 65 miles an hour. (9) Capable of landing on and arising from ploughed fields. (10) The supporting surfaces must be of sufficient size to insure safe gliding in case the engine stops. (11) The efficiency and reliability of the system of control must have been demonstrated before the purchase order is placed. The aeroplane must be capable of executing a figure eight within a rectangle 500 yards by 250 yards, and without decreasing its altitude more than 100 feet at the completion of the figure eight. This test to be made by aviator alone without carrying extra weight. (12) The extreme width of the aeroplane supporting surfaces must not exceed 40 feet.

(1) Carry one person with the seat positioned to provide the best possible field of view. (2) Ascend at a rate of 1500 feet in three minutes while carrying enough fuel for a one-hour flight. (3) Carry fuel for a three-hour flight. (4) Must be easily transportable by road, rail, etc., and be quickly and easily assembled and adjusted. (5) The starting and landing gear must be part of the machine itself, and it must be able to launch without outside help. (6) The engine must have the ability to throttle. (7) The engine will undergo an endurance test in the air for two hours of continuous flight. (8) Airspeed must be at least 65 miles per hour. (9) Capable of landing on and taking off from plowed fields. (10) The lifting surfaces must be large enough to ensure safe gliding in case the engine fails. (11) The efficiency and reliability of the control system must be demonstrated before the purchase order is placed. The airplane must be able to perform a figure eight within a rectangle measuring 500 yards by 250 yards without losing more than 100 feet of altitude at the end of the maneuver. This test should be conducted by a pilot alone without any extra weight. (12) The maximum width of the airplane's lifting surfaces must not exceed 40 feet.

SCOUT MILITARY AEROPLANE.

(1) The aeroplane must carry two persons with seats located to permit of the largest possible field of observation for both. (2) The control must be capable of use by either operator from either seat. (3) The machine must be able to ascend at least 2000 feet in ten minutes while carrying a weight of 600 lbs. including the aviator and passenger, 150 lbs. of gasoline, and extra weight to make 600 lbs. All of the extra weight must be carried on the engine section and not distributed over the wings. (4) The fuel and oil capacity must be sufficient for at least four hours continuous flight. This will be determined by a trial flight of at least one half-hour, measuring the consumption of gasoline while carrying the passenger and weight stated in paragraph 3. (5) Same as No. 4 above. (6) Same as No. 5 above. (7) The engine must be of American manufacture and capable of throttling to run at reduced speed. (8) Same as No. 7 above. This test will be made with aviator and passenger, extra weight and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. (9) The aeroplane must develop a speed in the air of at least forty miles an hour. This test will be made with aviator and passenger, extra weight and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. The maximum speed must not exceed sixty-five miles per hour. (10) Same as No. 9 above. This test will be made with aviator, passenger, extra weight and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. (11) Same as No. 10 above. (12) Same as No. 11 above. (13) Same as No. 12 above.

(1) The airplane must accommodate two people with seats positioned to provide the widest possible view for both. (2) The controls must be usable by either person from either seat. (3) The aircraft must be able to climb at least 2000 feet in ten minutes while carrying a total weight of 600 lbs., which includes the pilot and passenger, 150 lbs. of fuel, and additional weight to reach 600 lbs. All extra weight must be carried in the engine section and not distributed over the wings. (4) The fuel and oil capacity must be enough for at least four hours of continuous flight. This will be verified by a test flight of at least thirty minutes, tracking the fuel consumption while carrying the passenger and the weight mentioned in paragraph 3. (5) Same as No. 4 above. (6) Same as No. 5 above. (7) The engine must be manufactured in the U.S. and able to throttle down to operate at a lower speed. (8) Same as No. 7 above. This test will be conducted with the pilot and passenger, plus the extra weight and fuel listed in paragraphs 3 and 4. (9) The airplane must reach a speed in the air of at least forty miles per hour. This test will be performed with the pilot and passenger, plus the extra weight and fuel outlined in paragraphs 3 and 4. The maximum speed must not exceed sixty-five miles per hour. (10) Same as No. 9 above. This test will be conducted with the pilot, passenger, extra weight, and fuel mentioned in paragraphs 3 and 4. (11) Same as No. 10 above. (12) Same as No. 11 above. (13) Same as No. 12 above.

In 1913 additional requirements specified enclosed body, bullet-proof armour, .75 chrome steel, for engine and aviator, provision of necessary instruments and wireless, with, as desirable features, silencer and cut-out, self-starter and an efficient stabilising device.

In 1913, additional requirements specified an enclosed body, bulletproof armor, .75 chrome steel for the engine and pilot, the provision of necessary instruments and wireless communication, with desirable features including a silencer, cut-out, self-starter, and an efficient stabilization device.

At end of March, 1913, the effective Army aeroplanes consisted of three 50 h.p. Wrights, one Wright-Burgess, several old machines.

At the end of March 1913, the active Army airplanes included three 50 h.p. Wrights, one Wright-Burgess, and several older aircraft.

The Navy had two Wright-Burgess hydros and a few nondescripts. A Burgess flying boat since added.

The Navy had two Wright-Burgess hydroplanes and a few ordinary ones. A Burgess flying boat was added later.

The estimate for Army effectives at end of the present year (1913) is 21 (5 Burgess, 6 Curtiss, 10 Wright).

The estimate for Army effectiveness at the end of this year (1913) is 21 (5 Burgess, 6 Curtiss, 10 Wright).

AVIATORS.

(The numbers after any name is the number of the U. S. Aero Club certificate.)

(The numbers after any name represent the number of the U.S. Aero Club certificate.)

Army.

Arnold, Lieut. H. H. (29)
Beck, P. Capt. (39)
Brereton, Lt. L. H. (211)
Burge, Corp. V. S. (154)
Chandler, C. de F. Capt. (59)
Foulois, Lieut. (140)
Geiger, Lieut. H. (166)
Goodier, Lt. L. E. (200)
Graham, Lieut. H. (152)
Hennessy, Capt. F. B. (153)
Humphreys, Lieut.

Arnold, Lt. H. H. (29)
Beck, Capt. P. (39)
Brereton, Lt. L. H. (211)
Burge, Cpl. V. S. (154)
Chandler, Capt. C. de F. (59)
Foulois, Lt. (140)
Geiger, Lt. H. (166)
Goodier, Lt. L. E. (200)
Graham, Lt. H. (152)
Hennessy, Capt. F. B. (153)
Humphreys, Lt.

Kirtland, Lieut. R.C. (45)
Lahm, Lieut. F. P. (2)
Love, Lieut. M. L. (155)
McClaskey, Lieut. J. W. (90)
McKay, Capt. G. W. (67)
McLeary, Lieut. S. H. (210)
McManus, Lieut.
Milling, Lieut. (30)
Rodgers, J. Lieut. (48)
Sherman, Lieut. W. C. (151)
Winder, Lieut.-Col. C.B. (130)

Kirtland, Lt. R.C. (45)
Lahm, Lt. F. P. (2)
Love, Lt. M. L. (155)
McClaskey, Lt. J. W. (90)
McKay, Capt. G. W. (67)
McLeary, Lt. S. H. (210)
McManus, Lt.
Milling, Lt. (30)
Rodgers, J. Lt. (48)
Sherman, Lt. W. C. (151)
Winder, Lt. Col. C.B. (130)

Navy.

Herbster, Ens. (103)
Ellyson, Lieut. T. G. (28)
Rodgers, John, Lieut.
Towers, Lieut. J. H. (62)

Herbster, Ens. (103)
Ellyson, Lt. T. G. (28)
Rodgers, John, Lt.
Towers, Lt. J. H. (62)

[Pg 205]

U.S.A. PRIVATE AVIATORS (to end of 1911).

(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. America pilot certificate number. Only a few American aviators have bothered to obtain the Ae. Certificate. America produces a large number of aviators who fly for pleasure or exhibitions only and have not gone into competitions under International Rules. These consequently do not bother about certificates; but most of those recorded could easily obtain them, if they cared to try.)

(The number next to any name is, unless stated otherwise, the Ae. C. America pilot certificate number. Only a few American pilots have taken the time to get the Ae. Certificate. America has a lot of pilots who fly for fun or perform in exhibitions only and haven't participated in competitions under International Rules. As a result, they don't worry about certificates; however, most of those listed could easily get one if they wanted to.)

Adams, Clarence
Adams, A. S. (215)
Alvarez, F.
Ambrose, Charles
Andrews, Thornwell
Apto, H. J.
Arndt, Edw. F.
Atwater, Mrs. L. J.
Atwater, W. B. (98)
Atwood, H. N. (33)
Baker, G. H.
Baldwin, Ivy
Baldwin, Capt. T. S. (7)
Barnett, A. E.
Barton, Sam
Bates, M. F. (66)
Beachey, Hillery (89)
Beachey, Lincoln (27)
Beatty, G. W. (41)
Beckly, Wm. A.
Beers, W. C. (40)
Benoist, T. W.
Bergdoll, Louis, J.
Betton, Kaid
Bishop, Cortland
Bleakley, W. H.
Boandette, A. B.
Bonner, G. T.
Bonette, C. C.
Bonney, L. W. (47)
Brackett, A. J.
Brewer, Roy
Brindley, O. A. (46)
Brinker, H. S.
Brodie, O. W. (135)
Brookins, W. R. (19)
Brown, H. H. (58)
Bumbaugh, Capt. G. L.
Burgess, W. Starling (136)
Burligh, Chas.
Bush, J. F.
Butler, P. J.
Callon, J. L. (102)
Champion, Frank (86)
Christmas, Wm.
Cannon, Jack
Cline, W. F.
Coffyn, F. C. (26)
Cole, R.
Coleman, R. F.
Cook, W. B. (95)
Cooke, Henry C.
Cooke, F. G. (26)
Cooper, John D. (60)
Costello, A. B.
Coutourier, C. (79)
Crewelson, W. H.
Cross, Redmond W. (35)
Crosby, R. W.
Cummings, J. A.
Curtiss, Glenn H. (1) & (Ae. C. F. 1)
Curzon, J. W.
DeGiers, C.
De Hart, D. C.
De Kor, F. (72)
Dennis, D. L.
Dixon, S. D.
Dougherty, E. S. (87)
Doyle, H.
Drew, A. (50)
Drexel, J. A. (8)
Durgan, W. E.
Dyott, G. M.
Eaton, Warren
Ecot, Robert G.
Eells, Fred.
Elton, Albert (75)
Engel, A. J.
Erickson, Louis, G.
Eshoo, D.
Evans, W.
Ey, G.
Fish, Farnam (85)
Fortney, Lewis
Fowler, R. G.
Freeman, A. (84)
Fuchs, Joseph
Funk, T. B.
Gallaudet, E. F. (32)
Games, A. B.
Gantz, Saxe P.
Gardener, Hubbard G.
Garner, R. W.
Gaskell, Bud
Gratz, H. F.
Gray, George
Green, William, Dr.
Gregory, Donald

Greider, C.
Greider, J.
Gressier, Romaine
Guey, Fung Joe
Hadley, C. O.
Hall,
Hamilton, C. K. (12)
Hamilton, J. W.
Hamilton, Thos. W.
Hammond, Lee (34)
Harper
Harkness, H. S. (16)
Harmon, C. B. (6)
Hartman, A.
Haupt, Willie
Havens, Beckwith (127)
Hendrian, A.
Henning, J. C.
Henningsen, Fred
Heth, Eugene
Henry, R. St.
Hilliard, W. M. (Brit. Ae. C. 102)
Hills, H. V.
Hofer, W.
Hoff, Wm. H. (91)
Hoflake, Charles
Holden, J. J.
Holt, L. E. (63)
Hoover, Fred. (100)
Hoover, H. H.
Huddleston, E. D.
James, Stanley
Janicke, W.
Jannus, Anthony (80)
Jennings, J. C.
Jerwan, S. S. (54)
Johnson, Frank H.
Johnson, Walter E. (164)
Jumel, August
Kantner, H. (65)
Kellrey, H.
Kemmerle, Horace
Kennedy, F. M. (97)
Kiley, J. E.
Kimball, Wilbur R.
Klein, H. H.
Klockles, J. G.
Korn, Edward
Krasting, Theodore
La Chapelle, Duval
Lambert, A. B. (61)
Lambreath, C. E.
Lapadat, N.
Laser, G. F.
Le Van, Howard
Lewis, S. C. (92)
Lewkowicz, Ladis
Lidstone, Ed. S.
Lillie, M. T. (73)
Lockwood, Chas.
Longfellow, H. W.
Loose, Geo. H.
Lougheed, A.
Longo, T.
Ludwig, Vandy
Maier
Manners, George
Mars, J. C. (11)
Martin, J. B.
Martin, G. L. (56)
Martin, J. V.
Massar, A. M.
Masson
Matalach, S. H.
Mattingley, O. A.
Maynard, Arthur
Mayo, Albert (99)
McCally, J. B. (94)
McCarty, James
McClellam
McCollum, W. C.
McCurdy, J. A. D. (18)
McGoey, Thomas
McNamara, Geo. E.
McManus, L.
McMahon, A. J.
Medrick, F. H.
Meyerhoffer, Orvar
Miller, Clinton R.
Moisant, Miss M. E. (44)
Morok, Chas. B.
Mourfield, Carl
Murias, De E. F. (38)
Murphy, T.
Murphy, Wm.
Neidmiller, Ed.
Nelson, N. B.
Nelson, Nels. T.

Ovington, E. L.
Page, P. W. (68)
Paine, N. B.
Paridon, Michael
Park, Henry
Paulding, Dwight
Paulhan, L. (3)
Pfiel, P.
Post, Augustus
Powers, H. W.
Prince, Norman (55)
Prentice,
Prospect, Louis
Prowse, C. O.
Raiche, Mrs. F.
Ragot, Louis
Reichert, H. D. W. (82)
Remington, Earle
Reynolds, Dr. Percy, L.
Richter, J. (81)
Riggs, E.
Roat, Arthur R.
Robinson, H. (42)
Roehrig, B. F.
Rowe, F. E.
Russell, Geo.
Sackett, Harry
Sands, H. Hayden (Ae. C. F. 70)
Schafer, G. E.
Schmidt, G. S.
Schneider, Fred, P.
Schulz, G. C.
Schwartz, A.
Schwister, John
Scott, Miss B.
Seeman, J. R.
Seignor, H. A.
Seligman, J. (64)
Seymour, Joseph
Sellers, M. B.
Shelton, T.
Sherwood, Oliver, B.
Shneider, Fred.
Shoemaker, Chas. W. (93)
Sill, F.
Simmonds, O. G. (145)
Skinner, S. R.
Slaik, E.
Slavin, J. J.
Smith, A.
Smith, Kyle
Smith, R. M.
Sommerville, W. E.
Soreusen, Prof.
Sparling, J. N.
Steitz, F. M. (88)
Stewart, J. G.
Stone, A. (Ae. C. F. 15)
Summer, Gill.
Suppe,
Talmage, M. P.
Takisow,
Tarbox, J.
Thomas, W. T.
Thomas, O. W.
Thompson, George
Tickell, Sam
Timothy, S. R.
Troxey
Turpin, J. C. (22)
Tuttle, T. T.
Vanderbilt, W. K.
Vaughan, Stanley
Vogt, Jesse S.
Walden, Dr. H. W. (74)
Walker, Clarence
Ward, J. J. (52)
Warner, A. P.
Webster, C. L. (69)
Weeks, F. W.
Wells, G.
Wetzig, H. H.
Weymann, Charles (14)
Wilcox
Wildman, Dock
Willard, C. F. (10)
Williams, Beryl (71)
Williams, B. J.
Willoughby, Capt. Hugh L.
Wilson, Edward
Wiseman, Fred. E.
Witmer, C. C. (53)
Worden, John H. (76)
Wright, Orville (4) (Ae. C. F. 14)
Wright, Wilbur (5) (Ae. C. F. 15)
Young, C. M.
Yan, J.

The following American aviators have been killed:—

1908.
Selfridge, Lt. (Army)

1910.
Johnstone, R. (20)
Moisant, J. B. (13)

1911.
Badger, Wm. R. (36)
Castellane, Tony
Clark, C. B., Dr.
Dixon, Cromwell (43)
Ely, Eugene
Frisbie, J. J. (24)
Hoxsey, Arch. (21)
Johnston, St. Croix
Kelly, Lieut. (Army)
Kreamer, Dan. A.
Miller, F. H.
Oxley
Penot, Marcel
Purvis, Wm. G.
Rosenbaum, Louis
Schriver, Tod (9)

[Pg 206]

U.S.A. PRIVATE AVIATORS. (Brevets, 1912.)

Aldasoro, J. P. (217)
Aldasaro, E. A. (218)
Andrews, W. D. (124)
Arnold, G. (198)
Barlow, F. E. (139)
Beckwith, S. F. (137)
Beech, A. C. (168)
Belcher, O. T. (158)
Bell, Dr. F. J. (196)
Bell, G. E. (201)
Bergdoll, G. C. (169)
Berlin, C. A. (109)
Bleakley, W. H. (206)
Bouldin, W. (157)
Boysdorfer, C. (193)
Brown, R. M. (185)
Bryant, G. M. (208)
Burnside, F. H. (212)
Carlstrom, O. G. (145)
Colovon, P. (160)
Crossley, S. J. (187)
Dalwigk, G. B. (190)
De Hart, D. C. (129)
Eaton, W. S. (128)
Edelman, D. (191)
Elliott, R. (178)
Figyelmessy, H. (203)
Fritts, E. V. (213)
Gilpatric, J. G. (171)
Gray, G. A. (142)
Gray, J. F. (150)
Gunn, T. (131)
Hattemer, H. L. (147)
Hemstraught, W. H. (146)
Hetlick, W. A., jr. (197)
Hild, F. C. (216)
Hunt, E. N. (163)
Holmes, H. (204)
Johnson, R. R. (205)
Kabitzke, W. (126)
Kammski, J. G. (121)
Kemper, F. W. (119)
Klockler, J. G. (125)
Korn, E. (171)

Lamkey, W. A. (183)
Law, R. B. (188)
Maroney, T. T. (106)
Masson, D. (202)
McMillen, R. E. (111)
Meyer, C. (176)
Miller, B. A. (173)
Niles, C. F. (181)
Park, H. (113)
Peoli, C. (141)
Piceller, W. (116)
Prodgers, C. B. (159)
Reid, M. E. (114)
Reid, P. H. (179)
Remer, L. H., de (115)
Richardson, R. H. C. (174)
Robinson, R. W. C. (162)
Ruiz, H. (182)
Russell, R. B. (132)
Salinas, A. (170)
Salinas, G. (172)
Schaeffer, J. S. (177)
Scholovinck, E. (195)
Schuman, F. J. (143)
Singh, M. M. (123)
Sjolander, C. T. (138)
Smith, J. F. (207)
Spaulding, J. D. (107)
Stark, W. M. (110)
Stinson, K. (148)
Sverkerson, J. S. (180)
Tait, G. M. (184)
Takeiski, K. (122)
Terrill, F. J. (108)
Thomson, C. (112)
Thompson, De L. (134)
Twombly, W. I. (149)
Vought, C. M. (156)
Waite, H. R. (186)
Weeks, E. O. (214)
Weiner, T. (167)
Wiggins, C. L. (175)
Wood, C. M. (209)

U.S. Aviators killed:
Continued.

In 1912.

Blair, R.
Chambers, W. B.
Clarke, J. (133)
Gill, H. W. (31)
Hazelhurst, Lieut.
Kearney, H. F. (83)
Kondo, M. (120)
Lawrence, C.
Longstaffe, J. L.
Mitchell, L. (51)
Page, R. (96)
Parmelee (25)
Peck, P. (57)
Quimby, Miss H. (37)
Rodgers, C. P. (49)
Rockwell, Lt. L. C. (165)
Scott, Corp. F.
Southard, F. J.
Stevenson, J.
Turner, H.
Underwood, G.
Walsh, C. F.
Welsh, A. L. (23)

In 1913.

Boland, F. E.
Chandler, Lieut. R.
Park, Lieut. T. D. (223)

[Pg 207]

U.S.A. AEROPLANES.

A

AERIAL EXHIBITION Co. (Biplane),

1777, Broadway, New York. Built a Curtiss type with Kirkham motor, 1911. 2 skids, with wheel between, and usual Farman rubber shock absorbers.

1777, Broadway, New York. Built a Curtiss type with a Kirkham engine, 1911. Two skids, with a wheel in between, and standard Farman rubber shock absorbers.

AERIAL YACHT CO.,

San Francisco. Inc. 1913. Capital, $25,000.

San Francisco. Inc. 1913. Capital: $25,000.

AERONAUTICAL SUPPLY CO.

See Cordeaux-Etter.

AMERICAN AEROPLANE SUPPLY HOUSE (Monoplane),

266, Main Street, Hempstead, N.Y. Builders of monoplanes after the Bleriot type. Half-a-dozen machines were built and sold during 1911. Fitted with Gnomes or American engines.[Pg 208]

266 Main Street, Hempstead, NY. Builders of monoplanes modeled after the Bleriot design. About six planes were built and sold in 1911. Equipped with Gnome or American engines.[Pg 208]

B

BALDWIN Biplanes.

Captain Thos. S. Baldwin, PO Box, 78, Madison Square, N.Y. About half-a-dozen steel biplanes have been produced in 1911 by Captain Baldwin, and he and other aviators, Badger, Hammond, Miss Scott Mass, etc., have flown these at various exhibitions and meets, and are classed with well-known successful American biplanes.

Captain Thos. S. Baldwin, PO Box, 78, Madison Square, N.Y. In 1911, Captain Baldwin produced about six steel biplanes, and he along with other aviators like Badger, Hammond, Miss Scott Mass, and others, have flown these at various exhibitions and events, and they are recognized as successful American biplanes.

Photo, Edwin Levick, N.Y.

Details of Baldwin ("Red Devil").

Length.—28¼ feet (8.60 m.) Span.—28¾ feet (8.75 m.) Motor.—50-60 h.p. Hall-Scott Propeller.—One Requa-Gibson in rear of main planes. Diameter, 7 feet (2.13 m.) Pitch, 6 feet (1.82 m.) Speed.—60 m.p.h. (97 k.p.h.)

Length.—28¼ feet (8.60 m.) Span.—28¾ feet (8.75 m.) Motor.—50-60 h.p. Hall-Scott Propeller.—One Requa-Gibson at the back of the main wings. Diameter, 7 feet (2.13 m.) Pitch, 6 feet (1.82 m.) Speed.—60 m.p.h. (97 k.p.h.)

BALDWIN. RED DEVIL. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 209]

BENOIST.

Benoist Aircraft Co., 6628, Delmar Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo. (formerly Aeronautic Supply Co.)

Benoist Aircraft Co., 6628 Delmar Blvd, St. Louis, MO (formerly Aeronautic Supply Co.)

Model and date.		1912-13. "Headless."	1913. Flying boat. Tandem biplane.
Length	feet (m.)	22-1/2 (6.85)	27
Span	feet (m.)	30 (9.15)	42-1/6 (12.80)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	1004 (455)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...
Motor	h.p.	...	75 Roberts
Speed	max. m.p.h. (km.)	68 (110)	...
	min. m.p.h. (km.)	31 (50)	...
Endurance	hrs.	3

Notes.—The boat of the flying boat is 23-5/6 feet long, by 2 feet 2½ inches wide. Shipable wheels. See Aeronautics, January, 1913.

Notes.—The flying boat's hull is 23-5/6 feet long and 2 feet 2½ inches wide. It has transportable wheels. See Aeronautics, January, 1913.

BENOIST. Flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

BOLAND.

Boland Aeroplane & Motor Co., 1821, Broadway, New York. Works: Ft. Center St. Newark, N.J.

Boland Aeroplane & Motor Co., 1821 Broadway, New York. Factory: Ft. Center St. Newark, NJ.

Model and date.		1913. "Tailless."
Length	feet (m.)	21-1/6 (6.45)
Span	feet (m.)	35-1/2 (10.80)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	900 (408)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.	60 Boland
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	60 (95)
Number built during 1912		1

A refinement of the original machine of the late F. E. Boland, which first flew in 1911. Control by two special jibs which work inward. Designed to be used also as a hydro, with three step floats. No rudder or ailerons. Full details, etc., see Aeronautics, U.S.A., May, 1913, and Aircraft, U.S.A., May, 1913.[Pg 210]

A refined version of the original machine by the late F. E. Boland, which first took flight in 1911. Control is managed by two special jibs that move inward. It's also designed to be used as a hydroplane, equipped with three-step floats. There are no rudder or ailerons. For full details, see Aeronautics, U.S.A., May 1913, and Aircraft, U.S.A., May 1913.[Pg 210]

BURGESS. Burgess Co. & Curtis, Marblehead, Mass. Built Wright types under license, also machines of their own.

BURGESS. Burgess Co. & Curtis, Marblehead, Mass. Created Wright types under license, and also produced their own machines.

Model and date.		Military tractor. 1912-13.	Coast defence hydro. 1913.	Naval flying boat. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	37-3/4 (8.50)	33-1/3 (9.55)	31 (9.45)
Span	feet (m.)	34-1/2 (10.50)	37-3/4 (12)	43 (13.10)
				36 (10.97)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	...	...	397 (37)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	775 (352)	...
Motor	h.p.	70 Renault	60 Sturtevant muffled	70 Renault
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	45 (70)	59 (95)	...
Endurance	hrs.	4-1/2	4-1/2	...
Number built during 1912		...	...	...
Remarks.--		Lumina fabric. Single screw. Details, Aeronautics, (U.S.A.), May-June, 1912.	Special clear view for observation. 2--1 step mahogany and copper floats. Useful weight includes floats. Details, Aeronautics, (U.S.A.), Feb., 1913.	Boat 29-1/2 feet long. 2--2 step floats. Petrol, 48 gallons. Details, Aeronautics, (U.S.A.), May, 1913.

Burgess-Wright.

Burgess-Wright as a hydro (the U.S. Navy has two of these).

[Pg 211]

Military tractor. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

"Coast defense" hydro. From "Aeronautics."

Burgess-Curtis. 1913 Naval flying boat.

[Pg 212]

C

CHRISTMAS.

Durham Christmas Aeroplane Sales & Exhibition Corporation, Inc. 1913. Capital: $10,000 to $50,000. Claims for it are that it is "automatically balanced." This is attained by the shape of the machine, not through the agency of any auxiliary apparatus.

Durham Christmas Aeroplane Sales & Exhibition Corporation, Inc. 1913. Capital: $10,000 to $50,000. It is claimed that the plane is "automatically balanced." This is achieved by the design of the aircraft, without the use of any additional equipment.

CORDEAUX-ETTER.

Cordeaux-Etter Mfg. Corporation, Brooklyn, N.Y. Capital: $10,000. Took over, 1913, the Aeronautical Supply Co., of N.Y.

Cordeaux-Etter Mfg. Corporation, Brooklyn, N.Y. Capital: $10,000. Acquired in 1913, the Aeronautical Supply Co., of N.Y.

COOKE.

Weldon B. Cooke Aeroplane Co., Sandusky, Ohio. Founded 1913 by the well-known aviator, W. B. Cooke.

Weldon B. Cooke Aeroplane Co., Sandusky, Ohio. Founded in 1913 by the famous aviator, W. B. Cooke.

Model and date.		1913.
Length	feet (m.)	25 (7.60)
Span	feet (m.)	24 (7.30)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	240 (22)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	750 (340)
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...
Motor	h.p.{	75 Roberts 2 cycle upside down
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	...
Number built during 1912		new firm

Details, Aeronautics, U.S.A., February, 1913.

Details, Aeronautics, USA, February 1913.

COOKE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 213]

CURTISS.

Curtiss Aeroplane Co., Hammondsport, N.Y. Glenn H. Curtiss in 1907 and 1908 was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, formed by Dr. and Mrs. Alexander Graham Bell. This Association built four machines, each along the lines of one of the four engineers belong to the Association, F. W. Baldwin, Lieut. T. E. Selfridge, G. H. Curtiss and J. A. D. McCurdy. The last built was the June Bug, designed by Curtiss and was the most successful. In the spring of 1908, the Association was disbanded and The Aeronautical Society gave Curtiss an order for an aeroplane with carte blanche as to design. He produced a 4 cyl. machine, Curtiss engine, and flew it. A duplicate was hurriedly built, 8 cyl. engine installed, and taken to Europe for the first Gordon Bennett, which he won. Returning, the same type was continued with minor improvements. Later the front elevator was brought closer in, finally discarded, and the fan tail adopted and this remains the standard land machine to-day. In April, a military tractor was built and flown.

Curtiss Aeroplane Co., Hammondsport, N.Y. Glenn H. Curtiss in 1907 and 1908 was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, created by Dr. and Mrs. Alexander Graham Bell. This Association built four aircraft, each based on the designs of the four engineers in the Association: F. W. Baldwin, Lieut. T. E. Selfridge, G. H. Curtiss, and J. A. D. McCurdy. The last one built was the June Bug, designed by Curtiss, and it was the most successful. In the spring of 1908, the Association was disbanded, and The Aeronautical Society commissioned Curtiss to create an airplane with carte blanche regarding the design. He developed a 4-cylinder machine with a Curtiss engine and flew it. A duplicate was quickly constructed, equipped with an 8-cylinder engine, and taken to Europe for the first Gordon Bennett race, which he won. Upon his return, he continued to refine this type with minor improvements. Later, the front elevator was moved closer in, eventually discarded, and a fan tail was adopted, which remains the standard design for land machines today. In April, a military tractor was built and flown.

On January 26th, 1911, first successful flights were made with a hydroaeroplane, at the Winter camp at San Diego, Calif. This had two floats tandem. One was finally adopted and great success was achieved, and remains standard at the present time. With this machine various experiments were made. It was altered in a tractor for one occasion, it was lifted on board warships; made into triplane, etc.

On January 26, 1911, the first successful flights were conducted with a hydroaeroplane at the winter camp in San Diego, California. This aircraft had two floats arranged in tandem. One design was eventually adopted, leading to great success that continues to be standard today. Various experiments were conducted with this machine. It was modified into a tractor for one instance, lifted onto warships, and transformed into a triplane, among other changes.

In 1912 he brought out his present type of flying boat. This is being rapidly developed and minor changes in details are made in practically every machine put out.

In 1912, he released his current model of flying boat. This design is being quickly developed, and small adjustments are being made to almost every aircraft produced.

In May, 1913, he produced a special 4-passenger flying boat for a customer on special order.

In May 1913, he created a special 4-passenger flying boat for a customer on custom order.

Note.—In addition to those tabulated, special small racing machines have been built, as well as similar machines with extra sections simply added either side for Army use.

Note.—Along with those listed, specialized small racing machines have been created, as well as similar machines with additional sections added on either side for military use.

Model and date.		Type D. 1913.	Type E. 1913.	Type F. 1913.
Length	feet (m.)	26-2/3 (8.10)	27-1/3 (8.33)	27-1/3 (8.33)
Span	feet (m.)	26-1/4 (8)	31-1/4 (9.50)	38-1/3 (11.70)
Overall	feet (m.)	33-1/12 (10)	36-1/4 (11)	41-2/3 (12.70)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	214 (19-1/2)	288 (26-1/4)	421-1/2 (39)
Weight	total lbs. (kgs)	...	1700 (771)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs)	...	500 (227)	...
Motor	h.p.	Curtiss	80 Curtiss	Curtiss
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	...	59 (95)	...
Remarks.--		Land service, but is also made fitted with floats. Panels.	Fitted either with wheels, pontons, or boat. Vilas boat. Boat 24 ft. long. Beam 54-1/2 ft. long. Height 41 ins. long. Cockpit 3 ft. long by 4 ft. 2 ins. wide.	Used to date only as military tractor or heavy flying boat. McCormick boat. Boat 25 ft. long 4 ft. wide. Freeboard 46 ins. Cockpit 84 ins. long by 46 ins. wide. Length of tail, incl. elevator 12 feet.

For full details of the tractor (F) see Aeronautics, U.S.A., February, 1913.

For complete information about the tractor (F), see Aeronautics, U.S.A., February 1913.

1913 Tractor. Type F.

1912 flying boat. By favor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.

[Pg 214]

Curtiss. 1913 flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

G

GALLAUDET.

Gallaudet Eng. Co., Norwich Ct.

Gallaudet Engineering Company, Norwich, CT

In 1912 produced a special racer as above. Span, 32 feet (9.75 m.) Area, 200 sq. feet (18½ m².) Speed, 100 m.p.h. (160 k.p.h.) Motor, 100 Gnome.[Pg 215]

In 1912, a special racing model was created as described above. Span, 32 feet (9.75 m). Area, 200 sq. feet (18½ m²). Speed, 100 mph (160 kph). Engine, 100 Gnome.[Pg 215]

K

KIRKHAM Biplanes.

Chas. B. Kirkham, Motor Manufacturers, Savona, N.Y. Began to manufacture aeroplanes in 1912, after previous experiments and flights near his factory.

Chas. B. Kirkham, Motor Manufacturers, Savona, N.Y. Started making airplanes in 1912, following earlier experiments and flights around his factory.

Length, feet (m.) span, 34 feet (10.40 m.) surface, sq. feet} (m².)

Length: feet (m.) span: 34 feet (10.40 m.) surface: sq. feet (m²)

Weight.—Complete, without pilot, 980 lbs. (445 kgs.)

Weight.—Total, without pilot, 980 lbs. (445 kgs.)

Motor.—50 h.p. Kirkham, located in front under bonnet. 70 h.p. also fitted.

Motor.—50 hp Kirkham, located in front under the hood. 70 hp is also available.

Speed.—56-62 m.p.h. (90-100 k.p.h.)

Speed.—56-62 mph (90-100 kph)

Remarks.—Rises easily at under 35 m.p.h., and has a full speed radius of 5½ hours. Full details in Aeronautics, U.S.A., January, 1912. 1913, no changes.

Remarks.—Ascends easily at under 35 mph, and has a full speed range of 5½ hours. Full details in Aeronautics, U.S.A., January, 1912. 1913, no changes.

L-S

LOENING.

Monoplane aero boat, with one very deep step. See Aeronautics, U.S.A., May-June, 1912.

Monoplane seaplane, featuring one very deep step. See Aeronautics, U.S.A., May-June, 1912.

SELLERS. Quadruplane.

Matthew B. Sellers, R.F., D2, Norwood, Ga. Has been successfully experimenting for a number of years with a staggered quadruplane, and has given the aviation world a number of valuable papers. His aim is to fly successfully with the least possible horse power. For several years he has been making flights with various engines delivering from 5 to 6 h.p. on careful test. The actual thrust has been measured and recorded in late 1911 experiments. Details in Aeronautics, June, 1909; October, 1909; November, 1910; January, 1911; January, 1912. No actual details of the machine are available, but it follows closely the patent drawings (see references). He is one of the few real scientific flying men in the U.S.A. The original machine with slight changes was still flying at end of 1912 with only 5 h.p. B.H.P. The flying speed is 20 m.p.h.

Matthew B. Sellers, R.F., D2, Norwood, Ga., has been successfully experimenting for several years with a staggered quadruplane and has contributed valuable papers to the aviation community. His goal is to fly successfully with the least possible horsepower. For several years, he has been conducting flights with various engines delivering between 5 to 6 h.p. during careful tests. The actual thrust has been measured and recorded in late 1911 experiments. Details can be found in Aeronautics, June 1909; October 1909; November 1910; January 1911; January 1912. No specific details of the machine are available, but it closely follows the patent drawings (see references). He is one of the few true scientific aviators in the U.S.A. The original machine, with slight modifications, was still flying at the end of 1912 with only 5 h.p. B.H.P. The flying speed is 20 m.p.h.

SLOANE.

Sloane Aeroplane Co., 1733, Broadway, New York. Established 1911. Agents for Caudrons and Deperdussins. Run a school for these.[Pg 216]

Sloane Aeroplane Co., 1733 Broadway, New York. Established in 1911. Agents for Caudrons and Deperdussins. They operate a school for these.[Pg 216]

T-V

THOMAS Biplanes.

Thomas Bros., Bath, N.Y., O.W., and W.T. Thomas began experimenting and flying in 1908 with a machine on the order of a Curtiss. In the winter of 1909-10, a type of their own was produced and was flown during 1911 by Walter Johnson in exhibitions. In 1912 they continued the same type, with refinements. In 1913 they adopted the overhanging top plane type, but of the same general high order of construction.

Thomas Bros., Bath, N.Y., O.W., and W.T. Thomas started experimenting and flying in 1908 with a machine similar to a Curtiss. In the winter of 1909-10, they created their own design, which was flown during 1911 by Walter Johnson in exhibitions. In 1912, they continued developing that design but made some improvements. By 1913, they switched to the overhanging top wing design while maintaining the same high standard of construction.

Model and date.		1912. Tractor biplane.	1913. Monoplane.	1913. Standard biplane.	1913. Special biplane.	1913. Flying boat.
Length	ft.(m.)	...	30 (9.15)	...	25 (7.62)	...
Span	ft.(m.)	37 (11.27)	32 (9.75)	37 (11.27)	33 (10)	33 (10)
		27 (8.23)	...	27 (8.23)	23 (7)	23 (7)
Area	sq. ft.(m².)	...	...	...	...	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	900 (408)	750 (340)	900 (408)	850 (385)	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	400 (181)	...
Motor	h.p.	65 Kirkham	70 Kirkham muffled	65 Kirkham	65 Kirkham	100 Maximotor
Speed	m.p.h.(km)	58 (94)	...	58 (94)	60 (97)	...
Endurance	hrs.	2	...	2	2-1/4	...
Number built during 1912		1	building	...	...	building

Remarks. Control in all: Ailerons, 4 rudders. Elevator operated by rocking post on which wheel is mounted. The 1912 tractor was given up as less efficient than the Standard 1913. Special: full description Aeronautics, U.S.A., May, 1913.

Remarks. Control overall: Ailerons, 4 rudders. The elevator is operated by rocking the post where the wheel is mounted. The 1912 tractor was abandoned for being less efficient than the Standard 1913. Special: full description Aeronautics, U.S.A., May, 1913.

The move was evolved 1912, but not built till well into 1913.

The move was developed in 1912, but it wasn't constructed until well into 1913.

1913 Standard biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 217]

W

WASHINGTON.

Washington Aeroplane Co., Washington, D.C. In 1913 built a flying boat to private order. Length, 29 feet (8.83 m.) Maximum span, 38 feet (11.85 m.) Motor, 80 h.p. Gyro. Boat with eight compartments and one 3 inch step.

Washington Aeroplane Co., Washington, D.C. In 1913, built a flying boat to private order. Length: 29 feet (8.83 m). Maximum span: 38 feet (11.85 m). Motor: 80 h.p. Gyro. Boat with eight compartments and one 3-inch step.

Miss Columbia. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Latest Thomas.

WITTEMAN.

Witteman Bros., 17, Ocean Terrace and Little Clare Road, Staton Island, N.Y. These people do a considerable business building Curtiss type machines or machines to special designs for others. They built the Baldwin biplanes for Captain Baldwin, to his design, using steel tubing throughout. See Aeronautics, December, 1911, for a Witteman of special design shown by them at the Aero Show.

Witteman Bros., 17 Ocean Terrace and Little Clare Road, Staten Island, NY. This company does a significant amount of business building Curtiss-type machines or custom designs for clients. They constructed the Baldwin biplanes for Captain Baldwin, following his design and using steel tubing throughout. Check out Aeronautics, December 1911, for a Witteman of special design displayed by them at the Aero Show.

Witteman. 1912-13.

[Pg 218]

WRIGHT BROS. Biplanes.

The Wright Co., Dayton, Ohio. The original type of Wright machine was mounted on skids only, and started along a rail. Its special features were a biplane elevator forward, main planes with warpable tips to trailing edge, small keel in gap, 2 propellers, chain driven in rear of planes, double rudder in rear and no tail. Wilbur Wright flew a machine of this type for 2 h. 20 m. 23½ s. in 1908. (Details of early Wrights see previous editions of this book.)

The Wright Company, Dayton, Ohio. The original style of the Wright machine was mounted on skids and launched along a rail. Its unique features included a forward biplane elevator, main wings with tips that could warp to the trailing edge, a small keel in the gap, two propellers driven by a chain at the rear of the wings, a double rudder at the back, and no tail. Wilbur Wright flew a machine of this type for 2 hours, 20 minutes, and 23½ seconds in 1908. (For details on early Wrights, see previous editions of this book.)

Model and date.		B.	C.	EX.	E.
Length	feet (m.)	31 (9.45)	29-3/4 (9)	...	...
Span	feet (m.)	39 (11.90)	38 (11.58)	32 (9.75)	32 (9.75)
Area	sq. feet (m².)	500 (47)	500 (47)	...	...
Weight	total lbs. (kgs.)	1250 (567)	...	...	...
	useful lbs. (kgs.)	...	...	...	...
Motor	h.p.	30-35 Wright	30-35 Wright	30 or 50 Wright	30 or 50 Wright
Speed	m.p.h. (km.)	45 (75)	45 (75)	...	...
			1913 standard. This machine as a hydro is fitted with two 3 step floats. Mea magneto.	For exhibition work only. Single seater small duplicate of B.	1913 for exhibition work only. Single seater duplicate of EX except fitted with a single propeller only.

[Pg 219]

Wright. Model B. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

Wright. Model C. From "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale

[Pg 220]

U.S.A. DIRIGIBLES.

There are a few small dirigibles in the U.S.A., but they are in no way to be compared to French and German productions. Up-to-date, they have only been used as attractions at fairs about the country. In the past several larger ones of poor design have been built and found failures.

There are a few small airships in the U.S., but they can't compare to the ones from France and Germany. So far, they've only been used as attractions at fairs across the country. In the past, a few larger ones with poor designs were built and turned out to be failures.

Military.

BALDWIN

(1908) 20,000 c. feet (560 m³)[Pg 1b]

(1908) 20,000 cubic feet (560 m³)[Pg 1b]

Part B.

HISTORICAL AIRCRAFT.

In the following pages an attempt has been made to include photographs of all aeroplanes of the past six years, which, for one reason or another, "made history" in their own day.

In the pages that follow, we've tried to include photographs of all the airplanes from the past six years that, for one reason or another, "made history" in their time.

While many are merely freak machines, which in the light of present knowledge seem ridiculous, the germ of modern practice is to be found in many other aircraft illustrated in this cemetery of dead ideals; and it is worth noting that at least one constructor, who is one of the first in the field to-day, commenced operations with machines which were entirely "freaks."[Pg 2b]

While many are just bizarre machines that, based on what we know now, seem silly, the roots of modern practice can be found in many other aircraft showcased in this graveyard of failed ideas. It's also worth mentioning that at least one manufacturer, who is now one of the leaders in the industry, started out with machines that were completely "freaks."[Pg 2b]

AUSTRIAN.

WELS & ETRICH (1908). Original form of the modern Etrich (q.v.).

HIPSSICH (1908). Tandem mono. with one propeller before and another in rear of rear plane.

NEMETHY (1908). The first "Aviette."

SOLTAU (1910). An ornithopter based on the earlier ideas of Adehmar de la Hault (see Belgium).

[Pg 3b]

BELGIAN.

DE LA HAULT (1907). One of the earliest attempts at an ornithopter. No flights.

DE LA HAULT II. (1910-11). The ornithopter principle applied to a monoplane. No success met with.

D'HESPEL (1909-10). Single plane and suspended body. Early example of enclosed body. No flights.

BRAZIL.

SANTOS-DUMONT XIX. This little machine, surface only 9 m². made an extraordinary sensation in France in 1909. It flew at the then incredible speed of 65 m.p.h. (100 k.p.h.) Santos-Dumont presented all rights to the world soon afterwards, and a large number were built before it was realised that only an extremely light weight pilot could fly in one. Few of the copies ever left the ground.

[Pg 4b]

BRITISH.

AVRO (1906). This 24 h.p. biplane, designed by A. V. Roe, was the first British machine to leave the ground.

AVRO (1907). Tractor triplane of only 9 h.p. This flew in Lea Marshes—the lowest horse power yet flown in Europe to the present day.

CODY (1909). Development of a much earlier machine. This one was a general laughing stock for a long time; but it was the direct predecessor of the machine (not very materially different) which was an easy first in the British Army aeroplane trials, 1912.

DE HAVILLAND (1909). The performances of this machine secured a Government appointment for its aviator-designer.

[Pg 5b]

HOWARD WRIGHT (1908-09). The first machine in the world in which special attention was paid to securing a stream line body and minimised wind resistance.

HUMPHREY (1908-09). Earliest British attempt at a hydro-aeroplane; possibly the earliest design ever produced anywhere.

HUNTINGDON (DUNNE II) (1910). One of the earliest aeroplanes in existence—designed by Captain Dunne about 1905-06, previous to the secret experiments of the British War Office in Scotland, on the Duke of Atholl's estate. Assigned to Prof. Huntingdon in 1910. Made a few short flights.

PORTE (1908). Designed by Lieut. Porte, R.N., in conjunction with Lieut. Pirrie, R.N. This machine, on which the former well known aviator commenced his flying career, was smashed up in preliminary trials as a glider on Portsdown Hill, Portsmouth. Its design apparently preceded the Goupy in the use of staggered planes.

[Pg 6b]

"SAFETY" (1909-10).

SEDDON. (1910). Designed by Lieut. Seddon, R.N.

SHORT (1910). The first machine to Short's own design. (The tail here shown is a specially large one fitted by Moore-Brabazon).

VALKYRIE (1910). This was one of the first "tail first" machines to be designed. The experimental machine (also known as the A.S.L.), was completed in Feb., 1910.

[Pg 7b]

DANISH.

ELLEHAMMER (1905). On 12th September, 1906, this machine made the first free flight in Europe. On 28th June, 1908, it won the prize at Kiel for the first flight in Germany (distance, 47 m.) It was a tractor biplane with a revolving Ellehammer motor. It also had a pendulum seat as a stabilising device.

FRENCH.

ANTOINETTE IV (1909). In this machine Latham made the first attempt to fly the Channel, 19th July, 1909.

BLERIOT IV (1907-8).

In 1909 the famous Bleriot XI was built. This did very well at Reims, 1909. On 25th July, 1909, Bleriot made the first Cross-Channel flight in the machine illustrated below.

In 1909, the famous Bleriot XI was built. It performed very well at Reims in 1909. On July 25, 1909, Bleriot made the first Cross-Channel flight in the machine shown below.

Bleriot XI.

This machine had length, 23 feet (7 m.) Span, 25¾ feet (7.80 m.) Area, 167 sq. feet (15½ m².) Aspect ratio 4½ to 1. Motor, 22-25, 3 cylinder Anzani. Speed, about 45 m.p.h. (73 k.m.) Special features: Fixed wings with rounded edges. Twin elevator and fixed surface tail.

This machine had length of 23 feet (7 m), span of 25¾ feet (7.80 m), and area of 167 sq. feet (15½ m²). Aspect ratio is 4½ to 1. Motor: 22-25, 3-cylinder Anzani. Speed: approximately 45 m.p.h. (73 k.m.). Special features: Fixed wings with rounded edges, twin elevator, and fixed surface tail.

[Pg 8b]

BOUSSON-BORGNIS (1907-08).

BREGUET (1906). The first Breguet, known as Breguet Gyroplane I. Made a flight in October, 1906, being the first helicopter to leave the ground.

BREGUET-RICHET II bis. (1909). A large and unsuccessful development of the gyroplane.

BREGUET IV (1910). On its appearance, this machine was generally laughed at and nicknamed the "Coffee Pot," till in Aug., 1910, it made a world's record by carrying six, and later proved itself superior in stability to anything then existing.

[Pg 9b]

CHAUVIÉRE (1909-10). Attempt to develop a monoplane with propellers in rear. The idea has been resuscitated for some 1913 military monoplanes.

COLLOMB (1907-09). Ornithopter, from which great things were once expected.

CORNU (1908). An early helicopter for which flights were claimed, but have also been denied.

D'EQUIVELLY (1907-08). Interesting example of the strange machines devised by pioneers.

[Pg 10b]

H. FARMAN (1907). This famous machine is the first Voisin, and the one on which H. Farman taught himself to fly. It was the first machine to make a turn in the air. Won the Deutsh-Archdeacon Grand Prix, 13th January, 1908, with a flight of 1 minute, 28 seconds. The extra third plane was added later. An Austrian Syndicate subsequently bought the machine.

H. FARMAN (1908). Farman's first idea of a monoplane. It proved too heavy to fly with the power provided. Was eventually sold to a German officer. Three sets of wings and entirely enclosed body.

GABARDINI (1909-10). Very early hydro-aeroplane, antedating the Fabre.

GIVAUDIN (1908-09). Built by the Vermorel Co. The first conception of an idea which has since attracted a certain class of inventor in Germany, Italy and the U.S.A.

[Pg 11b]

MILITARY (1909). The first special military aeroplane ever built. It was specially designed by Capt. Dorand, for what were then held to be the aerial necessities of the French Army. The planes were placed well above the body, giving the pilot a very clear uninterrupted view.

PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN (1906 or earlier). Dates from the days when a box-kite was the elementary idea in design, and the accepted position of the aviator lying prone.

PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN (1908). Very early example of a tractor biplane. The extra span of the upper plane is also of interest. The machine had twin mono-elevators aft and also twin rudders.

R.E.P. (1908). Early example of enclosed stream line body. Apparently the first machine in which steel construction appeared.

[Pg 12b]

VOISIN (1908). The first European aeroplanes to fly with any real success.

VUITTON-HUBER (1908). Early helicopter.

VUIA (1908). Earliest known machine with folding wings.

WITZIG-LIORE-DUTILLUEL (1908-09). First or one of the first appearances of the idea of a series of staggered planes, with which Sellers has ever since experimented in the U.S.A.

[Pg 13b]

GERMAN.

BEILHARZ. (1909). First design in which a completely closed in body figured.

GEISLER (1908).

GRADE (1908). The first German built machine to fly.

LORENZEN (1908-09).

[Pg 14b]

PARSEVAL (1909). Early hydro-aeroplane. Specially designed for military purposes by Major Parseval.

SCHOLTZ (1908). Never left the ground.

ITALIAN.

MILLER (1908-09). First aeroplane to be designed and constructed by Italians.

SWISS.

DUFAUX (1908-09). First Swiss machine.

[Pg 15b]

U.S.A.

BOKOR (1909). The third American machine to leave the ground; the second purely U.S. one.

CALL II (1909).

CYGNET II (1908). Designed by Dr. Graham Bell, of the Aeronautical Society of America. Bell (Canadian), Glen Curtis (U.S.), Herring (U.S.), and Burgess (Canadian). It made short flights.

ENGLISH (1909). In 1909 extraordinary claims were made for this machine and great things expected. On a full power trial in its shed it broke loose, and smashed itself against the roof. No recorded outdoor results.

[Pg 16b]

HERRING-BURGESS (1910).

HULBERT (1910). This strange machine built in Switzerland by Dr. Dane Hulbert, achieved several flights. The planes were placed longitudinally instead of in the usual way.

JUNE BUG (1908-09). Famous machine of its era. Built by the Aeronautical Society of America (see Cygnet II). Second machine to fly in the U.S.A. Did 2000 miles before being broken up.

KIMBALL (1909). First machine in which a large number of propellers was attempted. Failed.

[Pg 17b]

LOOSE (1910).

LUYTIES OTTO (1908).

[Pg 18b]

MOISSANT (1910). Built entirely of aluminium. Designed by the late John Moissant. Failed.

RICKMAN (1908).

ROSHON (1908).

[Pg 19b]

WILLIAMS (1908).

ZERBE (1909).

WRIGHT (1908). Two views of the machine with which Wilbur Wright startled all Europe from August, 1908 to April, 1909. First U.S. machine to fly.

[Pg 1c]

Part C.

AERO ENGINES,

ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED IN ORDER OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN.

ALPHABETICALLY LISTED BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN.

AUSTRIAN, BELGIAN, BRITISH, FRENCH, GERMAN, ITALIAN, U.S.A.

Note.—So far as possible this is a complete list of all the aero engines of any importance.

Note.—This is a complete list of all the significant aero engines, as far as possible.

Data are confined to what is now being made or actually in use; untested "show novelties" are ignored.

Data are limited to what is currently being produced or actually in use; untested "show novelties" are overlooked.

In the case of some engines it has for various reasons proved impossible to obtain full data in time for inclusion in this edition.

In some cases, it has been impossible to get complete data in time to include it in this edition for various reasons.

In a general way these lists are confined to aeroplane engines.[Pg 2c]

In general, these lists are limited to airplane engines.[Pg 2c]

AUSTRIAN.

Revised by Herr Ing. W. Isendahl.

Revised by Mr. W. Isendahl.

AUSTRO-DAIMLER.

KÖRTING.

35-40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×120 (1450 r.p.m.) 165 lbs.
65-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120×140 (1350 r.p.m.) 232 lbs.
120 h.p., 6 cyl., 130×175 (1200 r.p.m.) 419 lbs.

Vertical water-cooled.

H.T. Magneto.
All Valves overhead. Rocking levers and piston rods.
Forced lubrication.

Pressed steel pistons.
Nickel-chrome crank shaft, hollow and closed.
White-metal bearings.
Cast-iron single cylinders (copper jackets).
Single camshaft.

120 h.p.

The 120 has 2 carburetters and 2 H.T. magnetos.

Note.--This engine is no longer made, but it is to be found still in some dirigibles.

BELGIAN.

METALLURGIQUE.	PIPE.
40 h.p., 4 cyl., 85×130 (1850 r.p.m.) 60 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×150 (1850 r.p.m.) 300 lbs. 90 h.p., 4 cyl., 125×150 (1600 r.p.m.) 550 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication.	50-70 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×100 (1950 r.p.m.) 239 lbs. 110 h.p., 8 cyl. Vertical, air-cooled (fan). H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication.
MIESSE.	VIVINUS.
50-60 h.p., 4 cyl. lbs. 100 h.p., 8 cyl., 130×140 245 lbs. Horizontal opposed, air-cooled (fan). H.T. magneto Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. Features.-- Air cooling is carried out by fans which drive air through air jackets on cylinders. Air cooling is done by fans that push air through air jackets on the cylinders. All valves in cylinder heads, rocker operated. All valves in the cylinder heads are operated by rockers. Vertical crank shaft. Vertical crankshaft.	50 h.p., 4 cyl., 106×120 (1600 r.p.m.) 205 lbs. 60 h.p., 4 cyl., 112×130 (1600 r.p.m.) 236 lbs. 70 h.p., 4 cyl., 115×130 (1800 r.p.m.) 280 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication.

[Pg 3c]

BRITISH.

A.B.C. All British Engine Co., Ltd., Brooklands, Surrey.	GREEN. Green Engine Co., Ltd., 455, Berners Street, London, W.
30 h.p., 4 cyl., 95×80 (1450 r.p.m.) 155 lbs. 45 h.p., 6 cyl., 95×80 (1450 r.p.m.) 225 lbs. 60 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×80 (1450 r.p.m.) 231 lbs. 85 h.p., 6 cyl., 125×105 (1700 r.p.m.) 290 lbs. 115 h.p., 8 cyl., 125×105 (1400 r.p.m.) 380 lbs. 170 h.p., 12 cyl., 125×105 (1400 r.p.m.) 520 lbs. 225 h.p., 16 cyl., 125×105 (1400 r.p.m.) 640 lbs. V type, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Steel cylinders (steel and copper jackets). Steel cylinders (steel and copper jackets). Overhead vertical valves. Overhead vertical valves. Cast-steel crank case. Cast-steel crankcase. Nickel chrome crank shaft, white metal bearings. Nickel chrome crankshaft, white metal bearings.	30-35 h.p., 4 cyl., 105×120 158 lbs. 50-60 h.p., 4 cyl., 140×146 263 lbs. 90-100 h.p., 6 cyl., 140×152 298 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Cast-iron cylinders. Cast iron cylinders. Overhead cam shaft. Overhead camshaft. Copper jackets. Copper jackets. Nickel chrome crank shaft. Nickel-chrome crankshaft. Overhead valves. Overhead valves. White metal bearings. White metal bearings.
N.E.C. New Engine (Motor) Co. Ltd., 9, Grafton Street, Bond Street, London, W.	WOLSELEY. Wolseley Tool & Motor Car Co., Ltd., Adderley Park, Birmingham.
50 h.p., 4 cyl., 95×115 (1250 r.p.m.) 205 lbs. 90 h.p., 6 cyl., 96×115 (1250 r.p.m.) 405 lbs. Two stroke vertical for the 90 h.p. V for the 50. H.T. magneto. Valveless. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Pistons after uncovering exhaust ports open the inlet ports. Air from blowers scavenges. Strong mixture enters immediately on compression stroke. This is effected by a central mechanism. Pistons, after opening the exhaust ports, also open the inlet ports. Air from the blowers moves in to clear out leftover gases. A strong mixture comes in right away during the compression stroke. This is done by a central mechanism. (N.B. Older types see previous editions.)	60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×140, type A 325 lbs. 60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×140, type B 345 lbs. 60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×140, type C 315 lbs. 60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×140, type D 335 lbs. 120 h.p., 8 cyl., 125×175 (1150 r.p.m.) 630 lbs. V type. Types A and B of the 60-80 air-cooled (water-cooled exhausts). The others water-cooled. V type. Types A and B of the 60-80 air-cooled (water-cooled exhausts). The others are water-cooled. Types A and C of the 60-80 are for direct coupling of propeller, with double thrust ball bearings. Types A and C of the 60-80 are for directly connecting the propeller, with double thrust ball bearings. Types B and D geared to half crank shaft speed. Types B and D are designed to operate at half the crankshaft speed. Bosch dual ignition. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Steel cylinders (single). Steel cylinder (single). Overhead valves (removable seats). Overhead valves (detachable seats). Carburettor between cylinders. Carburetor between cylinders. Nickel chrome crank shaft, on 3 bearings. Nickel chrome crankshaft, on 3 bearings.

[Pg 4c]

FRENCH.

ANZANI. 71, bis Quai d'Asinières (Seine).	BERTIN. 8, rue Garancier, Paris.
30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105×130 (1575 r.p.m.) 154 lbs. 30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105×120 (1300 r.p.m.) 121 lbs. 40-45 h.p., 6 cyl., 90×120 (1300 r.p.m.) 154 lbs. 50-60 h.p., 6 cyl., 105×120 (1300 r.p.m.) 200 lbs. 80 h.p., 10 cyl., 90×130 (1250 r.p.m.) 238 lbs. 100 h.p., 10 cyl., 105×140 (1100 r.p.m.) 308 lbs. 30 hp, 3 cyl, 105×130 (1575 rpm) 154 lbs. 30 hp, 3 cyl, 105×120 (1300 rpm) 121 lbs. 40-45 hp, 6 cyl, 90×120 (1300 rpm) 154 lbs. 50-60 hp, 6 cyl, 105×120 (1300 rpm) 200 lbs. 80 hp, 10 cyl, 90×130 (1250 rpm) 238 lbs. 100 hp, 10 cyl, 105×140 (1100 rpm) 308 lbs. Radial type, air-cooled (but water-cooling is occasionally fitted). Radial type, air-cooled (though water-cooling is sometimes installed). H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Extremely simple construction. Super simple construction. Mainshaft single crank. Mainshaft single crankshaft. Flywheel specially balanced to compensate. Flywheel specially balanced for compensation. Zenith carburetter. Zenith carburetor.	50 h.p., 4 cyl., 116×150 (1100 r.p.m,) 132 lbs. 100 h.p., 8 cyl., 116×150 (1100 r.p.m.) 209 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cyl., 116×150 (1100 rpm) 132 lbs. 100 hp, 8 cyl., 116×150 (1100 rpm) 209 lbs. X type air cooled. X type air-cooled.
	BURLAT. 289 Avenue de Saxe, Lyon (Rhone).
	35 h.p., 8 cyl., 95×120 (956 r.p.m.) 187 lbs. 60 h.p., 8 cyl., 120×120 (940 r.p.m.) 264 lbs. 75 h.p., 8 cyl., 120×170 (940 r.p.m.) 308 lbs. 120 h.p., 16 cyl., 120×120 (900 r.p.m.) 495 lbs. 35 hp, 8 cylinders, 95×120 (956 rpm) 187 lbs. 60 hp, 8 cylinders, 120×120 (940 rpm) 264 lbs. 75 hp, 8 cylinders, 120×170 (940 rpm) 308 lbs. 120 hp, 16 cylinders, 120×120 (900 rpm) 495 lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary, air-cooled engine.
CANTON-UNNÈ (SALMSON). E. Salmson, 55, rue Grange aux Belles, Paris.	CLEMENT BAYARD. Usineo Clement Bayard, 33 quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret, (Seine).
60 h.p., 7 cyl., 75×260 (1300 r.p.m.) 220 lbs. 80 h.p., 7 cyl., 120×140 (1250 r.p.m.) 298 lbs. 110 h.p., 9 cyl., 120×140 (1300 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. 60 h.p., 7 cyl., 75×260 (1300 r.p.m.) 220 lbs. 80 h.p., 7 cyl., 120×140 (1250 r.p.m.) 298 lbs. 110 h.p., 9 cyl., 120×140 (1300 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. The 60 h.p. has parallel a.c. cylinders, the other two are radial w.c. The 60 h.p. has parallel a.c. cylinders; the other two are radial w.c. There is also a horizontal radial engine (w.c.) 300 h.p., 9 cyl., 150×210 (1200 r.p.m.) 990 lbs. There is also a horizontal radial engine (w.c.) 300 h.p., 9 cyl., 150×210 (1200 r.p.m.) 990 lbs. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Steel cylinders, copper jackets. Overhead Valves. Single special steel crank shaft on ball bearings. Aluminium alloy or steel crank case. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Steel cylinders, copper jackets. Overhead valves. Single special steel crankshaft on ball bearings. Aluminum alloy or steel crankcase.	40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×120 242 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 135×160 (1500 rp.m.) 463 lbs. 130 h.p., 4 cyl., 155×185 180 h.p., 6 cyl., 155×185 (1200 r.p.m.) 200 h.p., 4 cyl., 190×230 (1200 r.p.m.) 1100 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cyl., 100×120 242 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl., 135×160 (1500 rpm) 463 lbs. 130 hp, 4 cyl., 155×185 180 hp, 6 cyl., 155×185 (1200 rpm) 200 hp, 4 cyl., 190×230 (1200 rpm) 1100 lbs. H.T. magneto. G.A. carburetter. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. G.A. carburetor. Forced lubrication. Overhead valves worked by two cams only. Exhausts opened and closed by spring on tappet. Overhead valves operated with just two cams. Exhausts opened and closed using a spring on the tappet. 40 h.p., vertical, en bloc, water-cooled, copper, jacket, all valves same side, single cam shaft, splash lubrication. Special carburetter, jet in centre of float chamber. 40 h.p., vertical, in one piece, water-cooled, copper, jacket, all valves on the same side, single camshaft, splash lubrication. Special carburetor, jet in the center of the float chamber. 130 and 180 h.p. (for dirigibles), cylinders in pairs, water-cooled. Overhead valves, single overhead cam shaft. Two ignitions. Expanding clutch. 130 and 180 h.p. (for airships), cylinders arranged in pairs, water-cooled. Overhead valves, single overhead camshaft. Two ignition systems. Expanding clutch. Dirigible Engine [Pg 5c]
CHENU. Chenu, 10 Rue Fontaine-Saint-Georges, Paris.	CLERGET. Clerget & Cie, 11 rue Leon-Cogniet, Paris.
50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110×130 (1300 r.p.m.) 253-1/2 lbs. 75 h.p., 6 cyl., 110×130 (1300 r.p.m.) 375 lbs. 200 h.p., 6 cyl., 150×200 860 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cyl., 110×130 (1300 rpm) 253.5 lbs. 75 hp, 6 cyl., 110×130 (1300 rpm) 375 lbs. 200 hp, 6 cyl., 150×200 860 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (thermo syphon). Vertical, water-cooled (thermosyphon). H.T. magneto. Automatic lubrication. H.T. magneto. Auto lubrication. Cylinders in pairs. Cylinders in sets of two.	43 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×120 (1600 r.p.m.) 50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110×120 (1500 r.p.m.) 172 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140×160 (1250 r.p.m.) 342 lbs. 50-60 h.p., 7 cyl., 120×120 (1200 r.p.m.) 198 lbs. 200 h.p., 8 cyl., 140×160 (1275 r.p.m.) 495 lbs. 43 hp, 4 cyl., 100×120 (1600 rpm) 50 hp, 4 cyl., 110×120 (1500 rpm) 172 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl., 140×160 (1250 rpm) 342 lbs. 50-60 hp, 7 cyl., 120×120 (1200 rpm) 198 lbs. 200 hp, 8 cyl., 140×160 (1275 rpm) 495 lbs. The 43 h.p. 50 and 100 vertical engines, w.c. The 43 hp 50 and 100 vertical engines, w.c. The 50-60 h.p. is a radial, rotary. The 50-60 h.p. is a radial rotary engine. The 200 h.p. has 2 carburetters and 2 magnetos, and is V type. The 200 horsepower engine has 2 carburetors and 2 magnetos, and it's a V type. 200 h.p. Clerget.
DANSETTE GILLET (LAVIATOR). Dansette Gillet & Cie., 36 quai de. Suresnes, Suresnes (Seine).
80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×130 (1200 r.p.m,) 418 lbs. 110 h.p., 6 cyl., 130×160 (1100 r.p.m.) 616 lbs. 120 h.p., 4 cyl., 145×175 (1200 r.p.m.) 484 lbs. 120 h.p., 8 cyl., 114×160 (1200 r.p.m.) 418 lbs. 200 h.p., 8 cyl., 147×175 (1100 r.p.m.) 715 lbs. 250 h.p., 6 cyl., 180×200 (1050 r.p.m.) 1210 lbs. 80 hp, 8 cylinders, 100×130 (1200 RPM) 418 lbs. 110 hp, 6 cylinders, 130×160 (1100 RPM) 616 lbs. 120 hp, 4 cylinders, 145×175 (1200 RPM) 484 lbs. 120 hp, 8 cylinders, 114×160 (1200 RPM) 418 lbs. 200 hp, 8 cylinders, 147×175 (1100 RPM) 715 lbs. 250 hp, 6 cylinders, 180×200 (1050 RPM) 1210 lbs. The 110, 120 (4 cyl.) and 250 are vertical, the others are V type. The 110, 120 (4 cyl.) and 250 are vertical, while the others are V type.
DE DION. Établissements de Dion-Bouton, 52 avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris.	DUTHEIL CHALMERS (EOLE). Dutheil Chalmers & Cie., 81-83 avenue d'italie, Paris.
80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×120 (1700 r.p.m.) 484 lbs. 150 h.p., 8 cyl., 125×150 (1600 r.p.m.) 968 lbs. V type, air-cooled for the 80; water-cooled for the 150. 80 hp, 8 cylinders, 100×120 (1700 rpm) 484 lbs. 150 hp, 8 cylinders, 125×150 (1600 rpm) 968 lbs. V type, air-cooled for the 80; water-cooled for the 150. H.T. magneto. Pump lubrication. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Pump lube. Forced lube. De Dion. [Pg 6c]	40 h.p., 4 cyl., 125×120 250 lbs. 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 125×120 350 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cyl., 125×120 250 lbs. 60 hp, 6 cyl., 125×120 350 lbs. Opposed horizontal, water-cooled. Opposed horizontal, water-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Pump lubrication. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Pump lubrication. also EOLE. (Dutheil Chalmers.) also EOLE. (Dutheil Chalmers.) 40 h.p., 4 cyl., 130×130 198 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cylinders, 130×130 198 lbs. Horizontal w.c., with central crank shaft over head valves. Horizontal engine, with a central crankshaft and overhead valves. 100 h.p., 8 cyl. 100 hp, 8 cyl. Crank shaft at either end, all valves in centre. Crankshaft at both ends, all valves in the center.
GNOME Société des moleurs Gnome, 3 rue La Boëtie, Paris.	LABOR AVIATION. Soc. anonyme des moteurs Labor Aviation, 29 rue de la Révolte, Levallois Perret (Seine).
50 h.p., 7 cyl., 11$1×$220 (1200 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. 70 h.p., 7 cyl., 13$1×$220 (1300 r.p.m.) 183 lbs. 80 h.p., 7 cyl., 124×140 (1200 r.p.m.) 191 lbs. 100 h.p., 14 cyl., 110×120 (1200 r.p.m.) 220 lbs. 140 h.p., 14 cyl., 130×120 (1200 r.p.m.) 286 lbs. 160 h.p., 14 cyl., 124×140 (1200 r.p.m.) 308 lbs. 50 hp, 7 cyl, 11×220 (1200 rpm) 165 lbs. 70 hp, 7 cyl, 13×220 (1300 rpm) 183 lbs. 80 hp, 7 cyl, 12×140 (1200 rpm) 191 lbs. 100 hp, 14 cyl, 11×120 (1200 rpm) 220 lbs. 140 hp, 14 cyl, 13×120 (1200 rpm) 286 lbs. 160 hp, 14 cyl, 12×140 (1200 rpm) 308 lbs. Radial rotary, air-cooled. Radial rotary, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Single crank pin Single crankshaft pin Steel cylinders turned from solid. Solid steel cylinders turned. Single ignition point. Single ignition source. Gas admitted through hollow crank shaft to crank case, thence to pistons; oil enters in a similar way. Gas enters through the hollow crankshaft into the crankcase, then goes to the pistons; oil comes in the same way. Nickel chrome crank shaft, ball bearings. Nickel-chrome crankshaft, ball bearings. Steel crank case. Metal crankcase. The 100 h.p. has seven cylinders behind seven others. Larger sizes ditto. The 100 horsepower engine has seven cylinders behind another set of seven. Larger sizes are similar. Older engines of 50-100 h.p. do not differ in general details. Older engines with 50-100 h.p. don't differ much in general details.	42 h p., 4 cyl., 90×150 (1200 r.p.m.) 221 lbs. 72 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×210 (1200 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. 120 h.p., 4 cyl., 120×250 419 lbs. 42 hp, 4 cyl., 90×150 (1200 rpm) 221 lbs. 72 hp, 4 cyl., 100×210 (1200 rpm) 353 lbs. 120 hp, 4 cyl., 120×250 419 lbs. Vertical water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features:-- Features: Automatic carburetter. Automatic carburetor.
	LA RHONE
	50 h.p., 7 cyl., 105×140 176 lbs. 80 h.p., 9 cyl., 105×140 242 lbs. 100 h.p., 14 cyl., 105×140 308 lbs. 160 h.p., 18 cyl., 105×140 374 lbs. 50 hp, 7 cylinders, 105×140 176 lbs. 80 hp, 9 cylinders, 105×140 242 lbs. 100 hp, 14 cylinders, 105×140 308 lbs. 160 hp, 18 cylinders, 105×140 374 lbs. (1200 r.p.m. in all.) (1200 rpm in total.) Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary engine, air-cooled.
PANHARD. Société Panhard & Levassor, avenue d'Ivry, Paris.	[Pg 7c] RENAULT Automobiles Louis Renault, 15 rue Gustav-Sandoz, Billancourt (Seine).
35-40 h.p., 4 cyl., 110×140 210 lbs. 55 h.p., 6 cyl., 110×140 341 lbs. 100 h.p., 8 cyl., 110×140 (1500 r.p.m.) 440 lbs. 35-40 hp, 4 cyl., 110×140 210 lbs. 55 hp, 6 cyl., 110×140 341 lbs. 100 hp, 8 cyl., 110×140 (1500 rpm) 440 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled. Vertical, liquid-cooled. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump oiling. Features.-- Features. Cast-iron cylinders, jackets in casting. Cast iron cylinders, jackets in casting. Valves at side. Side valves. Cam shaft in crank case. Camshaft in crankcase. Nickel chrome crank shaft; white metal bearings. Nickel chrome crankshaft; white metal bearings. There is also a 120 h.p. 4 cylinder for dirigibles. There is also a 120 hp 4-cylinder engine for airships.	25 h.p., 4 cyl., 90×120 243 lbs. 35 h.p., 8 cyl., 75×120 243 lbs. 50 h.p., 8 cyl., 90×120 375 lbs. 70 h.p., 8 cyl., 96×140 397 lbs. 90 h.p., 12 cyl., 96×140 640 lbs. 25 hp, 4 cyl., 90×120 243 lbs. 35 hp, 8 cyl., 75×120 243 lbs. 50 hp, 8 cyl., 90×120 375 lbs. 70 hp, 8 cyl., 96×140 397 lbs. 90 hp, 12 cyl., 96×140 640 lbs. (All at 1800 r.p.m.) (All at 1800 RPM.) Cylinders at 90°. V type, air-cooled. Cylinders at 90°. V type, air-cooled. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. Features.-- Features. Two to one shaft, made specially strong to admit of the direct coupling of a propeller. Two-to-one shaft, specially designed to allow for the direct coupling of a propeller. Inlet valves operated from below, exhausts placed above them at the side. Inlet valves worked from below, with exhausts positioned above them on the side. Plain bearings. Plain bearings. Special cooling. Special cooling.
R.E.P. Établissement Robert Ésnault Pelterie, 149 rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine).	ROSSEL-PEUGEOT. Soc. anonyme de constructions aerienne Rossel-Peugeot, rue de Longchamp, à Suresnes (Seine).
45 h.p., 5 cyl., 100×140 243 lbs. 60 h.p., 5 cyl., 110×160 (1100 r.p.m.) 330 lbs. 90 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×160 (1100 r.p.m.) 463 lbs. 45 hp, 5 cylinders, 100×140 243 lbs. 60 hp, 5 cylinders, 110×160 (1100 rpm) 330 lbs. 90 hp, 7 cylinders, 110×160 (1100 rpm) 463 lbs. Radial, air-cooled. Radial, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto and accumulators. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto and batteries. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. In the 7 cyl. the cylinders are in two planes, four being in front of the others. In the 7-cylinder engine, the cylinders are arranged in two planes, with four positioned in front of the others. The 5 cyl. engines are fan shape in one plane. The 5-cylinder engines are arranged in a fan shape in a single plane. 7 cylinder.	30-40 h.p., 7 cyl., 105×110 (1100 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. 40-50 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×110 (1100 r.p.m.) 172 lbs. 50-55 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×110 (1150 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. 30-40 h.p., 7 cyl., 105×110 (1100 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. 40-50 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×110 (1100 r.p.m.) 172 lbs. 50-55 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×110 (1150 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. ROSSEL-PEUGEOT. There is also a vertical water-cooled motor (1913). 100 h.p., 140×140 (1300 r.p.m.) 352 lbs. There is also a vertical water-cooled motor (1913). 100 h.p., 140×140 (1300 r.p.m.) 352 lbs.
VIALE. Viale & Cie. 19 rue de la Mairie, Boulogne-sur-Seine (Seine).	VERDET.
30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105×130 (1250 r.p.m.) 165 lbs. 50 h.p., 5 cyl., 105×130 (1250 r.p.m.) 199 lbs. 70 h.p., 7 cyl., 105×130 (1250 r.p.m.) 254 lbs. 100 h.p., 10 cyl., 105×130 (1250 r.p.m.) 320 lbs. 30 hp, 3 cylinders, 105×130 (1250 rpm) 165 lbs. 50 hp, 5 cylinders, 105×130 (1250 rpm) 199 lbs. 70 hp, 7 cylinders, 105×130 (1250 rpm) 254 lbs. 100 hp, 10 cylinders, 105×130 (1250 rpm) 320 lbs. Radial, air-cooled. Radial, air-cooled engine. VIALE.	55 h.p., 7 cyl., 112×140 (1100 r.p.m.) 176 lbs. 55 hp, 7 cylinders, 112×140 (1100 rpm) 176 lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary engine, air-cooled.

[Pg 8c]

GERMAN.

Revised by Herr Ing. W. Isendahl.

Revised by Mr. W. Isendahl.

ARGUS. Argus-Motoren G.m.b.H., Flottenstrasse 39 and 40, Reinickendorf bei Berlin. Established 1900.	BENZ. Benz & Cie, Mannheim.
70 h.p., 4 cyl., 124×130 (1400 r.p.m.) 254 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140×140 (1250 r.p.m.) 290 lbs. 150 h.p., 6 cyl., 140×140 (1250 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. 70 hp, 4 cyl, 124×130 (1400 rpm) 254 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl, 140×140 (1250 rpm) 290 lbs. 150 hp, 6 cyl, 140×140 (1250 rpm) 353 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Features.-- Features.-- Cast-iron cylinders. Cast iron cylinders. Cylinders in pairs. Pairs of cylinders. Valves one side (single cam shaft). Valves on one side (single camshaft). Crank shaft on ball bearings, closed and hollow. Crankshaft on ball bearings, enclosed and hollow. 100 h.p.	100 h.p., 4 cyl., 130×180 (1250 r.p.m.) 337 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cylinders, 130x180 (1250 rpm) 337 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. 2 H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. 2 H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Cast-iron cylinder, steel jackets. Cast-iron cylinder, steel covers. Single cylinders. Single cylinders. All valves overhead (single cam shaft). All valves on top (single camshaft). Crank shaft hollow oil 5 metal bearings. Crankshaft hollow oil 5 metal bearings. This engine won the Kaiser's prize of 50,000 marks. This engine won the Kaiser’s prize of 50,000 marks.
DELFOSSE (radial.)	DELFOSSE (rotary.)
24-30 h.p., 3 cyl., 110×130 (1500 r.p.m.) 100 lbs. 30-40 h.p., 3 cyl., 120×140 (1400 r.p.m.) 120 lbs. 35-45 h.p., 4 cyl., 110×130 (1500 r.p.m.) 50-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120×140 (1500 r.p.m.) 50-60 h.p., 6 cyl., 110×130 (1500 r.p.m.) 80-100 h.p., 6 cyl., 120×140 (1500 r.p.m.) 24-30 hp, 3 cyl., 110×130 (1500 rpm) 100 lbs. 30-40 hp, 3 cyl., 120×140 (1400 rpm) 120 lbs. 35-45 hp, 4 cyl., 110×130 (1500 rpm) 50-70 hp, 4 cyl., 120×140 (1500 rpm) 50-60 hp, 6 cyl., 110×130 (1500 rpm) 80-100 hp, 6 cyl., 120×140 (1500 rpm) Radial air-cooled. H.T. magneto (or 6 volt accumulator). Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication. Radial air-cooled. High tension magneto (or 6-volt battery). Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Special metal cylinders. Special metal cans. Very large valve chambers. Extra-large valve chambers. Chrome nickel crankshaft and big ends. Chrome nickel crankshaft and big ends. Water-cooling fitted if required at a 10% increase of weight. Water cooling can be added if needed for a 10% increase in weight. DELFOSSE RADIAL.	30 h.p., 3 cyl. (1500 r.p.m.) 50 h.p., 5 cyl., 110×130 (1400 r.p.m.) 70 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×138 (1200 r.p.m.) 30 hp, 3 cyl. (1500 rpm) 50 hp, 5 cyl., 110×130 (1400 rpm) 70 hp, 7 cyl., 110×138 (1200 rpm) Rotary air-cooled. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Overhead valves. Automatic inlets. Steel cylinders. Crank shaft on ball bearings. Rotary air-cooled. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Overhead valves. Automatic inlets. Steel cylinders. Crankshaft on ball bearings. DELFOSSE.
[Pg 9c] DIXI. Dixi Luftfahrt-u-Bootsmotoren-Verkaufsgesellschaft m.b.H., Bulowstr. 11, Berlin W. 25. Established 1911.	HILZ. Hilz Motorenfabrik G.m.b.H., Fürstenwallstr. 189, Düsseldorf.
50 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×140 (1400 r.p.m.) 198 lbs. 75 h.p., 4 cyl., 120×170 (1300 r.p.m.) 308 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140×200 (1200 r.p.m.) 452 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cyl., 100×140 (1400 rpm) 198 lbs. 75 hp, 4 cyl., 120×170 (1300 rpm) 308 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl., 140×200 (1200 rpm) 452 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Cast-iron cylinders, copper jackets. Cast-iron cylinders, copper covers. Single cylinders. Single-cylinder engines. Overhead inlets (single cam shaft). Overhead inlets (single camshaft). Crank shaft, hollow, on 3 metal bearings. Crankshaft, hollow, on 3 metal bearings. 100 h.p.	25-30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105×130 (1400 r.p.m.) ? 50 h.p., 5 cyl., 105×130 (1400 r.p.m.) ? 25-30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105×130 (1400 r.p.m.) ? 50 h.p., 5 cyl., 105×130 (1400 r.p.m.) ? Radial, air-cooled. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Automatic inlets. Splash and forced lubrication. Steel cylinders. Crank shaft, hollow, on white metal bearings. Radial, air-cooled. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Automatic inlets. Splash and forced lubrication. Steel cylinders. Hollow crankshaft with white metal bearings.
MERCEDES-DAIMLER. Daimler Motoren G.m.b.H., Stuttgart-Unterturkheim.
70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120×140 (1400 r.p.m.) 276 lbs. 70 h.p. (as above, but inverted) 298 lbs. 90 h.p., 6 cyl., 105×140 (1350 r.p.m.) 309 lbs. 70 hp, 4 cyl., 120×140 (1400 rpm) 276 lbs. 70 hp (as above, but inverted) 298 lbs. 90 hp, 6 cyl., 105×140 (1350 rpm) 309 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto (Eismann in the 70, two Bosch in the 90). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Eismann in the 70s, two Bosch in the 90s). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features of the 70's-- 70's Features-- Cast-iron cylinders (in pairs). Cast-iron cylinders (in pairs). Overhead valves. Overhead valves. Single cam shaft. Single camshaft. Crank shaft, hollow, on metal bearings. Hollow crankshaft on metal bearings. Features of the 90.-- 90's Features Steel cylinders, with steel jackets. Steel cylinders with steel jackets. 2 carburetters (Mercedes-Daimler), otherwise as the 70's. 2 carburetors (Mercedes-Daimler), also known as the 70's. 90 h.p.	70 h.p. Mercedes-Daimler.
[Pg 10c] N.A.G. Neue Automobile Ges. m.b.H., Berlin-Oberschoneweide.	OTTO ("A.G.O.") Gustav Otto, G.m.b.H., Karlstrasse 72, Munich.
60 h.p., 4 cyl., 118×100 (1400 r.p.m.) 254 lbs. 95 h.p., 4 cyl., 135×165 (1350 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. 60 hp, 4 cyl., 118×100 (1400 rpm) 254 lbs. 95 hp, 4 cyl., 135×165 (1350 rpm) 353 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch), 2 in the 95 h.p. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch), 2 in the 95 hp. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Cast-iron cylinders, copper jackets. Cast-iron cylinders, copper sleeves. Cylinders in pairs. Pairs of cylinders. Single cam shaft. Single camshaft. Overhead valves. Overhead valves. Crank shaft, hollow, on 5 metal bearings. Crankshaft, hollow, on 5 metal bearings. 95 h.p.	50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110×150 (1400 r.p.m.) 199 lbs. 70 h.p., 6 cyl., 110×150 (1400 r.p.m.) 287 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140×150 (1300 r.p.m.) 353 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cyl., 110×150 (1400 rpm) 199 lbs. 70 hp, 6 cyl., 110×150 (1400 rpm) 287 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl., 140×150 (1300 rpm) 353 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Cast-iron cylinders. Cast iron cylinders. Single cylinders, all connected by long bolts and nuts. Single cylinders, all linked together by long bolts and nuts. Overhead valves in the 100 h.p. Side valves in the 50 and 70. Overhead valves in the 100 hp. Side valves in the 50 and 70. Single cam shaft. Single camshaft. Crank shaft hollow, on metal bearings. Crankshaft hollow, on metal bearings.
ROTOR.	SYLPHE.
70 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×150 (1100 r.p.m.) 199 lbs. 90 h.p., 9 cyl., 110×150 (1100 r.p.m.) 243 lbs. 70 hp, 7 cylinders, 110×150 (1100 rpm) 199 lbs. 90 hp, 9 cylinders, 110×150 (1100 rpm) 243 lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication (fresh oil). H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication (fresh oil). Features.-- Features. Steel cylinders. Steel tubes. Single cylinders. Single-cylinder engines. Overhead valves. Overhead valves. Crank shaft, hollow, on ball bearings. Hollow crankshaft on ball bearings.	40 h.p., 5 cyl., 110×130 (1200 r.p.m.) ? lbs. 40 hp, 5 cylinders, 110×130 (1200 rpm) ? lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary air-cooled. H.T. magneto (Eismann). Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication (fresh oil). H.T. magneto (Eismann). Automatic inlets. Forced lubrication (fresh oil). Features.-- Features. Chrome nickel steel cylinders. Chrome nickel steel tubes. Single cylinders. Single cylinders. Overhead valves. Overhead valves. Crank shaft, hollow, on metal bearings. Hollow crankshaft on metal bearings. 30-40 h.p.

[Pg 11c]

ITALIAN.

CAPRONI & FACCANONI. Soc. di Aviazione Ingri Caproni & Faccanoni, Vizzola Ticino.	(Dirigibles only.) FIAT. Fabbrica Italiano Automobile Torino, 30-35 Corso Dante, Turin (Torino).
60 h.p., 6 cyl., 105×130 176 lbs. 120 h.p., 12 cyl., 105×130 ? lbs. 60 hp, 6 cylinders, 105×130 176 lbs. 120 hp, 12 cylinders, 105×130 ? lbs. Radial, air-cooled. Radial, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication.	60 h.p., 4 cyl., 150×200 (1200 r.p.m.) 220 lbs. 200 h.p., 4 cyl., 170×250 (1200 r.p.m.) 1443 lbs. 60 hp, 4 cyl., 150×200 (1200 rpm) 220 lbs. 200 hp, 4 cyl., 170×250 (1200 rpm) 1443 lbs. Vertical. Vertical. H.T. magneto and accumulators. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto and batteries. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Enclosed valves. Sealed valves. Single cast-iron cylinders. Single cast iron cylinders.
GNOME. Fab. Italiana Mot. Gnome, 73 Strada Venaria, Turin (Torino).	ITALA. Itala Fabbrica Automobili, Barriera Orbassano, Turin (Torino).
Works of the Italian built Gnome engines.	50-55 h.p., 4 cyl., 115×140 (1500 r.p.m.) 397 lbs. 50-55 h.p., 4 cyl., 115×140 (1500 r.p.m.) 397 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Cylinders in pairs. Cylinders in pairs. Overhead inlets. Ceiling vents. Automatic carburetter. Automatic carburetor.
(Dirigibles only.) ISOTTA-FRASCHINI. Fabbrica Automobili Isotta-Fraschini, 79 Via Monte Rosa, Milan.
100 h.p., 4 cyl., 130×180 ( r.p.m.) 662 lbs. 500 h.p., 8 cyl., 150×200 ( r.p.m.) 1543 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cyl., 130×180 (rpm) 662 lbs. 500 hp, 8 cyl., 150×200 (rpm) 1543 lbs. Vertical. Vertical. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication (pump). H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication (pump). Features.-- Features. Overhead inlets. Overhead vents. Horizontal exhausts. Horizontal exhausts. Special radiation. Special radiation. Zenith carburetter. Zenith carburetor.
[Pg 12c] L. U. C. T. Ladetto-Ubertalli & Cavalchini, Via Cavalli.-Angolo Via Circonvallazione Turin (Torino).	S. P. A. Società Ligure Piemontese Automobili, Barriera Crocetta, Turin.
50 h.p., 7 cyl., 110×120 ? lbs. 80 h.p., 9 cyl., 110×120 ? lbs. 100 h.p., 9 cyl., 122×150 ? lbs. 50 hp, 7 cylinders, 110×120 ? lbs. 80 hp, 9 cylinders, 110×120 ? lbs. 100 hp, 9 cylinders, 122×150 ? lbs. Rotary, air-cooled. Rotary, air-cooled engine. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication.	40-50 h.p., 4 cyl., 95×150 (1200 r.p.m.) 199 lbs. 40-50 hp, 4 cyl., 95×150 (1200 rpm) 199 lbs. Horizontal, water-cooled (pump). Horizontal, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto and accumulators. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto and batteries. Mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Two pistons per cylinder. Two pistons for each cylinder. Ball bearings throughout. Ball bearings everywhere. Dirigible engine. There is also a vertical 160 h.p. dirigible engine. There’s also a vertical 160 hp dirigible engine.

SWISS.

OERLIKON.
Société Oerlikon Suisse de Machines Outils, Oerlikon.

55 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×200 (1200 r.p.m.) 176 lbs.

Horizontal opposed, water-cooled (pump).

Horizontal opposed, water-cooled pump.

H.T. magneto (2 circuits for 2 sets of plugs).
Mechanical inlets.
Forced lubrication.

Features.--

Features.

Steel cylinders (copper jackets).

Steel cylinders (copper shells).

Single cylinders.

Overhead valves.

Single cam shaft.

Single camshaft.

2 carburetters (one for each pair of cylinders).

2 carburetors (one for each pair of cylinders).

Crank shaft, solid, on ball bearings.

Crankshaft, solid, on ball bearings.

Open crank case.

Open engine cover.

[Pg 13c]

U.S.A.

ADAMS-FARWELL. 21, Athol Street, Dubuque, Iowa.	ALBATROSS. Albatross Co., Detroit, Mich.
36 h.p., 5 cyl., 102× 88 (1200 r.p.m.) 97 lbs. 63 h.p., 5 cyl., 142×127 (1200 r.p.m.) 250 lbs. 72 h.p., 5 cyl., 152×152 285 lbs. 36 hp, 5 cylinders, 102×88 (1200 rpm) 97 lbs. 63 hp, 5 cylinders, 142×127 (1200 rpm) 250 lbs. 72 hp, 5 cylinders, 152×152 285 lbs. Rotary horizontal. Horizontal rotary. H.T. magneto. Special valves. H.T. magneto. Special valves. Features.-- Highlights.-- No flywheel. No flywheel. All valves in cylinder head, actuated by a single push and pull lever worked by a single cam. Valves close outwardly and are held shut by centrifugal force. All valves in the cylinder head are operated by a single push and pull lever controlled by a single cam. The valves close outward and are kept shut by centrifugal force. Variable lift. Variable lift. Exhaust ports. Exhaust outlets. Mechanical oil feed. Oil feed system. Engine weights are "fully complete." Engine weights are "fully complete."	50 h.p., 6 cyl., 113×125 (1230 r.p.m.) 250 lbs. 100 h.p., 6 cyl., 137×125 275 lbs. 50 hp, 6 cyl., 113×125 (1230 rpm) 250 lbs. 100 hp, 6 cyl., 137×125 275 lbs. Radial. The 50 is air-cooled, the 100 water-cooled. Radial. The 50 is cooled by air, while the 100 is cooled by water.
CALL. Aerial Navigation Co. of America, Girard, Kansas.	CURTISS. Curtis Aeroplane Co., Hammondsport, N.Y.
50 h.p., 2 cyl., 150×131 185 lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl. 325 lbs. 50 hp, 2 cylinders, 150×131, 185 lbs. 100 hp, 4 cylinders, 325 lbs. Horizontal opposed, water-cooled. Horizontally opposed, water-cooled. Mechanical inlets. Magneto ignition (Bosch). Special silencer. Vanadium iron cylinders. Forced lubrication. Mechanical inlets. Magneto ignition (Bosch). Special silencer. Vanadium iron cylinders. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features.	40 h.p., 4 cyl., (1100 r.p.m.) ? lbs. 75 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×100 (1100 r.p.m.) 250 lbs. also 60 h.p., 6 cyl., (1350 r.p.m.) ? lbs. 40 h.p., 4 cyl., (1100 r.p.m.) ? lbs. 75 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×100 (1100 r.p.m.) 250 lbs. also 60 h.p., 6 cyl., (1350 r.p.m.) ? lbs. 40 and 75, V shape, water-cooled (pump). 60, vertical water-cooled (pump). 40 and 75, V shape, water-cooled (pump). 60, vertical water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto (Bosch dual). Mechanical inlets. Splash and forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch dual). Mechanical inlets. Splash and forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Single cylinders, copper jackets. Single cylinders, copper jackets. All valves in cylinder heads, actuated by rocking levers from single cam shaft. All valves in the cylinder heads are operated by rocking levers from a single camshaft.
[Pg 14c] DETROIT AEROPLANE CO. Detroit Aeroplane Co., Detroit, Mich.	ELBRIDGE. Elbridge Engine Co., 10, Culver Road, Rochester, N.Y.
30-40 h.p., 2 cyl., 127×127 (1200 r.p.m.) 110 lbs. 30-40 h.p., 2 cyl., 127×127 (1200 r.p.m.) 110 lbs. 2 cycle horizontal, air-cooled. 2-stroke horizontal, air-cooled. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Splash lubrication. H.T. magneto. Automatic inlets. Splash lubrication. Features.-- Highlights.-- All valves in cylinder heads operated by a single cam. All valves in the cylinder heads are operated by a single cam. Valves easily detached. Valves easily came off. Very large valves. Huge valves. Schebler carburetter. Schebler carburetor. Over-all length of the 30/40 is 19 in	40 h.p., 4 cyl., 123×114 198 lbs. 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 123×114 257 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cylinders, 123×114 198 lbs. 60 hp, 6 cylinders, 123×114 257 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled. Valveless. Oil in gas. Vertical, water-cooled. No valves. Oil mixed with gas. Features.--Extra large bearings. Features.--Extra-large bearings.
HALL-SCOTT. Hall-Scott Motor Car Co., San Francisco, Cal.	KEMP (GREY EAGLE). Kemp Machine Works, Muncie, Ind.
30 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×100 142 lbs. 40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100×125 150 lbs. 60 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×100 235 lbs. 80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100×125 270 lbs. 100 h.p. ? lbs. 30 hp, 4 cylinders, 100×100, 142 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cylinders, 100×125, 150 lbs. 60 hp, 8 cylinders, 100×100, 235 lbs. 80 hp, 8 cylinders, 100×125, 270 lbs. 100 hp ? lbs. First two are vertical, the others V type, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. First two are vertical, the others V type, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto (Bosch). Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. Cast-iron cylinders. All valves overhead. Copper jacketted. Special Stromberg carburetter. Special radiators. Cast-iron cylinders. All valves on top. Copper jacketed. Special Stromberg carburetor. Special radiators.	1912 models: 1912 models: 35 h.p., D 4 cyl., 100×113 ? lbs. 50 h.p., E 6 cyl., 100×113 260 lbs. 35 hp, D 4 cyl., 100×113 ? lbs. 50 hp, E 6 cyl., 100×113 260 lbs. 1913 models: 1913 models: 16 h.p., G 2 cyl. lbs. 35 h.p., I 4 cyl. lbs. 55 h.p., H 6 cyl. lbs. 75 h.p., J 8 cyl. lbs. 16 hp, G 2 cyl. lbs. 35 hp, I 4 cyl. lbs. 55 hp, H 6 cyl. lbs. 75 hp, J 8 cyl. lbs. Vertical, air-cooled. Vertical, air-cooled system. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lubrication. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets. Pump lube. Features.-- Features. Overhead valves. Overhead valves. Extra large exhausts in centre of cylinders. Extra large exhausts in the center of the cylinders. Special semi-steel (grey iron) cylinders. Special semi-steel (gray iron) cylinders. Designed to work at 350°-400° Faht. Designed to work at 350°-400° F.
[Pg 15c] KIRKHAM. C. Kirkham, Savona, N.Y.	MAXIMOTOR. Maximotor Makers, Detroit, Mich.
45 h.p., 4 cyl., 105×120 (1400 r.p.m.) 180 lbs. 65 h.p., 6 cyl., 105×120 (1300 r.p.m.) 235 lbs. 75 h.p., 6 cyl., × (1300 r.p.m.) 255 lbs. 110 h.p., 8 cyl., 105×120 (1200 r.p.m.) 310 lbs. 45 hp, 4 cylinders, 105×120 (1400 rpm) 180 lbs. 65 hp, 6 cylinders, 105×120 (1300 rpm) 235 lbs. 75 hp, 6 cylinders, × (1300 rpm) 255 lbs. 110 hp, 8 cylinders, 105×120 (1200 rpm) 310 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch, 2 spark). Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch, 2 spark). Forced lubrication. Features.-- Highlights.-- Cast iron cylinders and pistons. Cast iron cylinders and pistons. Patent poppet-sleeve valves. Patent poppet sleeve valves.	50 h.p., 4 cyl., 113×127 ( r.p.m.) 200 lbs. 60-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 127×127 ( r.p.m.) lbs. 70-80 h.p., 6 cyl., 157×127 ( r.p.m.) lbs. 80-100 h.p., 6 cyl., ( r.p.m.) lbs. 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 150×150 ( r.p.m.) lbs. 150 h.p., 6 cyl., 150×150 ( r.p.m.) lbs. 50 hp, 4-cylinder, 113×127 (RPM) 200 lbs. 60-70 hp, 4-cylinder, 127×127 (RPM) lbs. 70-80 hp, 6-cylinder, 157×127 (RPM) lbs. 80-100 hp, 6-cylinder, (RPM) lbs. 100 hp, 4-cylinder, 150×150 (RPM) lbs. 150 hp, 6-cylinder, 150×150 (RPM) lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto (Bosch or Mea). Mechanical inlets (automatic in the 50 and 70.) Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto (Bosch or Mea). Mechanical inlets (automatic in the 50s and 70s.) Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Started from aviator's seat. Started from the pilot's seat. Double plugs. Dual plugs. Half compression fitted. Half compression fitted. Crank shaft, hollow, on 3 ball bearings. Crankshaft, hollow, on 3 ball bearings.
ROBERTS. Roberts Motor Co., Sandusky, Ohio.	STURTEVANT. B. F. Sturtevant Co., Hyde Park, Boston, Mass.
50 h.p., 4 cyl., 113×125 165 lbs. 75 h.p., 6 cyl., 113×125 (1100 r.p.m.) 240 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cyl., 113×125 165 lbs. 75 hp, 6 cyl., 113×125 (1100 rpm) 240 lbs. Vertical, 2 cycle, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, two-stroke, water-cooled (pump). H.T. magneto. Rotary inlets. Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Rotary inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. 2 carburetters. 2 carburetors. Special magneto advance. Special magneto advance. Babbit bearings. Babbit bearings. Very large hollow crank shaft. Very large hollow crankshaft. Special metal cylinders (aerolite). Special metal cylinders (aerolite). Special by-pass. Special bypass. Rotary inlets. Rotary inlets.	40 h.p., 4 cyl., 113×113 (1300 r.p.m.) 200 lbs. 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 113×113 ( r.p.m.) 285 lbs. 40 hp, 4 cyl., 113×113 (1300 rpm) 200 lbs. 60 hp, 6 cyl., 113×113 ( rpm) 285 lbs. H.T. magneto (Mea). Mechanical inlets. Pressure feed lubrication. H.T. magneto (Mea). Mechanical inlets. Pressure feed lubrication. Features.-- Features. Semi-steel cylinders (jackets cast with them). Semi-steel cylinders (jackets cast with them). Single cylinders. Single-cylinder engines. Single cam shaft. Single camshaft. No overhead valves. No overhead valves. Exhaust valve lifters. Exhaust valve lifters. Nickel steel hollow crank shaft (5 bearings in the 4 cyl., 7 in the 6 cyl.) Nickel steel hollow crankshaft (5 bearings in the 4-cylinder, 7 in the 6-cylinder)
[Pg 16c] WELLES & ADAMS. Wells & Adams, Bath, N.Y.	WRIGHT. The Wright Co., Dayton, Ohio.
50 h.p., 4 cyl. 200 lbs. 50 hp, 4 cylinders, 200 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical, water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto. Mechanical inlets (overhead). Forced lubrication. H.T. magneto. Overhead mechanical inlets. Forced lubrication. Features.-- Features. Single cylinders (large brass jackets). Single cylinders (large brass sleeves). Double plugs. Double sockets. No valve cages. No valve guards. Chrome nickel crank shaft, on 5 bearings. Chrome nickel crankshaft, on 5 bearings.	30 h.p., 4 cyl., 112×100 (1650 r.p.m.) 190 lbs. 50 h.p., 6 cyl., 112×100 (1150 r.p.m.) 230 lbs. 30 hp, 4 cylinders, 112×100 (1650 rpm) 190 lbs. 50 hp, 6 cylinders, 112×100 (1150 rpm) 230 lbs. Vertical, water-cooled (pump). Vertical water-cooled pump. H.T. magneto. Rotary valves. Pump lubrication. Silencer fitted. H.T. magneto. Rotary valves. Pump lubrication. Silencer installed.

Note.

There are a good many other U.S. engines of little or no account. The majority of these are merely more or less accurate copies of well-known European engines, and none of them have any vogue.

There are quite a few other U.S. engines that don't really matter. Most of these are just more or less exact copies of popular European engines, and none of them are really popular.

[Pg 1d]

Part D.

AERIAL "WHO'S WHO," DIRECTORY & INDICES.

Note.—So far as possible the directory lists are exhaustive for the entire world. Anyone accidentally omitted is requested to communicate with the Manager, All the World's Air-craft, 5, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

Note.—As much as possible, the directory lists are comprehensive for the entire world. Anyone who was accidentally left out is asked to reach out to the Manager, All the World's Air-craft, 5, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

SUB-HEADS OF THIS SECTION.

INDICES:

ALPHABETICAL AEROPLANES.
ALPHABETICAL DIRIGIBLE TYPES.

[Pg 2d]

AERIAL WHO'S WHO.

ADER (Clement), Chateau de Ribonnet, Beaumont-sur-Leze (Haute-Garonne, France). Born 1841. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Experimented from 1892. His Avion flew 300 metres at Satory, 12th October, 1897. This was the first flight ever made by a power machine in Europe. One of his early machines is in the Arts et Metiers Museum, Paris.

ADER (Clement), Chateau de Ribonnet, Beaumont-sur-Leze (Haute-Garonne, France). Born in 1841. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Started experimenting in 1892. His Avion flew 300 meters at Satory on October 12, 1897. This was the first flight ever made by a powered machine in Europe. One of his early machines is in the Arts et Metiers Museum, Paris.

ALEXANDER (H. I. H. Grand Duke), Michailovitch of Russia, Xenia Palace, St. Petersburg. Born 1866. Admiral of the Russian Navy. Prime mover in anything having to do with aviation in Russia.

ALEXANDER (H. I. H. Grand Duke), Michailovitch of Russia, Xenia Palace, St. Petersburg. Born 1866. Admiral of the Russian Navy. Key player in everything related to aviation in Russia.

ALEXANDER (Patrick Y.), 2 Whitehall Court, London, S.W. Donor of the £1000 Patrick Alexander prize for British Aerial engines. Founder and supporter of various aerial clubs and societies.

ALEXANDER (Patrick Y.), 2 Whitehall Court, London, S.W. Donor of the £1000 Patrick Alexander prize for British Aerial engines. Founder and supporter of several aerial clubs and societies.

ANDRE (Ing. A.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor Revue Francaise de Construction Automobile et Aeronautique. Writer on aviation. Experimenter.

ANDRE (Ing. A.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor French Review of Automobile and Aeronautical Construction. Writer on aviation. Experimenter.

ARBUTHNOT (C. B.) (Major General H. T.) Chairman of the Aerial League of the British Empire.

ARCHDEACON (Ernest), 77 Rue de Prony, Paris. Born 1863. Chev. Legion d'honneur. Vice-President Ligue Nat. Aerienne. Barrister. From 1884 made balloon ascents. In 1904 made glider experiments with Gabriel Voisin. Giver of the Archdeacon Cup, won by Santos Dumont, 29th October, 1906. Also part giver with Deutsch of the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize, for a Kilometre flight, closed circuit, won by Henry Farman, 13th January, 1908.

ARCHDEACON (Ernest), 77 Rue de Prony, Paris. Born 1863. Knight of the Legion of Honor. Vice-President of the Ligue Nat. Aerienne. Lawyer. Since 1884, he has made balloon ascents. In 1904, he conducted glider experiments with Gabriel Voisin. He is the donor of the Archdeacon Cup, which was won by Santos Dumont on October 29, 1906. He also co-donated, along with Deutsch, the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize for a kilometer flight on a closed circuit, which was won by Henry Farman on January 13, 1908.

ARNOUX (Réne), 45 Rue du Ranelagh, Paris. Born 1858. Vice-President Tech. Com. A.C.F. Designer of the electric motor of the Tissandier dirigible, 1882. Member Soc. Civil Eng. and Soc. Internat. Elec. Contributor to Omnia, etc. Inventor of the Arnoux biplane.

ARNOUX (Réne), 45 Rue du Ranelagh, Paris. Born 1858. Vice-President of the Tech. Com. A.C.F. Designer of the electric motor for the Tissandier dirigible, 1882. Member of the Soc. Civil Eng. and Soc. Internat. Elec. Contributor to Omnia, etc. Inventor of the Arnoux biplane.

ATTWOOD (Harry). Well-known American aviator. In August, 1911, covered 1,435 miles in eight days.

ATTWOOD (Harry). A well-known American pilot. In August 1911, he covered 1,435 miles in eight days.

AUFFM-ORDT. (Swiss). 2 Avenue Hoche, Paris. Pioneer Aviator.

AVERY, American pioneer aviator, associated with Herring, Chanute, and others.

AVERY, an American pioneer aviator, known for collaborating with Herring, Chanute, and others.

BACON (late Rev.), British prominent aeronaut and lecturer.

BACON (late Rev.), a well-known British aeronaut and lecturer.

BACON (Miss), daughter of the above. Aeronaut and lecturer.

BACON (Miss), daughter of the above. Pilot and speaker.

BADEN-POWELL (Major, B.), F.R.A.S., F.R. Met. Soc., late Scots Guards. 32 Prince's Gate, London, S.W. Inventor of the Baden-Powell Box Kite. President of the Aeronautical Society from 1902 to 1909. Early experimenter and investigator with aeroplanes. Lecturer. Editor of Aeronautics.

BADEN-POWELL (Major B.), F.R.A.S., F.R. Met. Soc., formerly of the Scots Guards. 32 Prince's Gate, London, S.W. Inventor of the Baden-Powell Box Kite. President of the Aeronautical Society from 1902 to 1909. Early experimenter and researcher in aeroplanes. Lecturer. Editor of Aeronautics.

BALDWIN (Capt. Thomas S.), 78 Maddison Square, New York. Well known U.S. Aeronaut of many years standing. Invented the Baldwin dirigible.

BALDWIN (Capt. Thomas S.), 78 Madison Square, New York. Well-known U.S. aeronaut with many years of experience. Invented the Baldwin dirigible.

BALSAN (Jacques), 52 Quai Debilly, Paris. Born 1868. Aeronaut from 1905. Made an altitude record of 8,558 metres. In 1906 went by balloon, Paris to England. Vice-President Aero Club de France.

BALSAN (Jacques), 52 Quai Debilly, Paris. Born 1868. Aeronaut since 1905. Set an altitude record of 8,558 meters. In 1906, traveled by balloon from Paris to England. Vice-President Aero Club de France.

BANNERMAN (Major Sir Alexander, Bart.) In command of the British Army Air Battalion, 1911.

BANNERMAN (Major Sir Alexander, Bart.) In charge of the British Army Air Battalion, 1911.

BARBER. British. Aeronautical Syndicate, 1909-12. Valkyrie type, etc., etc.

BARNWELL. British. Instructor 1912, Vicker's School.

BARNWELL. British. Teacher 1912, Vicker's School.

BARRA. Well known French aviator.

BARRA. Famous French pilot.

BASENACH. German. Associated with Major Gross in producing the M type German dirigibles.

BASENACH. German. Collaborated with Major Gross in producing the M type German airships.

BARTON (Dr.) Built the first British dirigible in 1904. Capacity, 235,000 c.f.

BARTON (Dr.) Constructed the first British airship in 1904. Capacity: 235,000 cubic feet.

BATHIAT (Georges). Frenchman. After only one hour's tuition at the Hanriot School, secured his certificate at Rheims, October, 1910. Brother of the Bathiat who flew a Breguet.

BATHIAT (Georges). French. After just one hour of lessons at the Hanriot School, he earned his certificate in Rheims, October 1910. He is the brother of the Bathiat who flew a Breguet.

BAUMANN (Otto), Berlin. Second German to fly.

BAUMANN. French. Instructor at the Ewen School in 1912.

BAUMANN. French. Teacher at the Ewen School in 1912.

BEACHEY (Lincoln). American subject. In August, 1911, reached 11,578 feet (3,527 m.)—world's record to that date. Flew Niagara, 27th June, 1911, in a Curtiss.

BEACHEY (Lincoln). American citizen. In August 1911, reached 11,578 feet (3,527 m)—world record at that time. Flew over Niagara on June 27, 1911, in a Curtiss.

BEATTY (George W.) American aviator. At the Chicago meet, August, 1911, he made the world's passenger flight duration trip in 3 hours, 42 minutes, 22 seconds. Also made American records for 2 man altitude 3080 feet and 3 man duration on a Wright.

BEATTY (George W.) American aviator. At the Chicago meet in August 1911, he completed the world's passenger flight duration trip in 3 hours, 42 minutes, and 22 seconds. He also set American records for 2-man altitude at 3,080 feet and 3-man duration on a Wright.

BECKE (Captain). British Army. In December, 1912, made a (to that date) record flight—Flamborough to Plymouth, and later back again—4½ hours out; 2 hours back, excluding landings en route.

BECKE (Captain). British Army. In December 1912, completed a record flight—Flamborough to Plymouth, and then back again—4.5 hours out; 2 hours back, not counting landings along the way.

BEESE (Nellie). First German lady to get her pilot certificate, which she did on a Rumpler.

BEESE (Nellie). First German woman to earn her pilot certificate, which she achieved on a Rumpler.

BELL (Dr. Alexander Graham Bell). Canadian. One of the founders of the Aerial Exp. Assoc. in U.S.A. Began experiments 1894. Inventor of the Tetratedal, etc.

BELL (Dr. Alexander Graham Bell). Canadian. One of the founders of the Aerial Expedition Association in the U.S.A. Started experiments in 1894. Inventor of the Tetratedal, among other things.

BENDALL. British. Instructor Bristol School at Brooklands, 1912.

BENDALL. British. Instructor at Bristol School in Brooklands, 1912.

BERGET (Alphonse). French subject. Professor Inst. Oceanographique. Past President Soc. Francoise de Nav. Ae. Author of La Conquete de L'Air.

BERGET (Alphonse). French national. Professor at the Oceanographic Institute. Former President of the French Society of Naval Aeronautics. Author of The Conquest of the Air.

BERNARD. French. Tester for Farmans 1912-13.

BERRIMAN (A. E.) British. 44, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C. Technical editor of Flight. Author of Principles of Flight, etc., etc.

BERRIMAN (A. E.) British. 44 St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C. Technical editor of Flight. Author of Principles of Flight, etc., etc.

BERSON (Prof. Arthur), Haupstrasse 9, Lehlendorp, Germany. Born 1859. Austrian. Well-known author on meteorological and similar subjects affecting aviation.

BERSON (Prof. Arthur), Haupstrasse 9, Lehlendorp, Germany. Born 1859. Austrian. Noted author on meteorology and related topics impacting aviation.

BESANCON (Georges), 35 Rue Francois I., Paris. Born 1866. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Editor of L'Aerophile. Secretary Ae. C.F. Experimented with balloons from 1886 onward.

BESANCON (Georges), 35 Rue François I., Paris. Born 1866. Knight of the Legion of Honor. Editor of L'Aerophile. Secretary of Ae. C.F. Started experimenting with balloons in 1886.

BESSONNEAU (J. B. Lieut. de reserve), 29 rue de Louvre, Paris. French. Born 1880. Pioneer aviation helper. Produced special steel cables of high resistance; also the well known Bessonneau hangars demontables. Organised the first town-to-town flights, 1910; also first Grand Prix, 1912.

BESSONNEAU (J. B. Reserves Lieutenant), 29 Rue de Louvre, Paris. French. Born in 1880. Pioneer in aviation support. Created special high-strength steel cables; also known for the famous Bessonneau demountable hangars. Organized the first town-to-town flights in 1910; also the first Grand Prix in 1912.

BEZOLD (Professor Wilhelm Von), Director of the Meteorological Institute, Berlin, etc. Author of several works on aeronautics, etc.

BISS (Gerald), British, 1, Melina Place, Grove End Road, London, N.W. Automobile correspondent of the Standard. Aviation expert.

BISS (Gerald), British, 1 Melina Place, Grove End Road, London, N.W. Automobile correspondent for the Standard. Aviation expert.

BLANCHARD. Frenchman. 1753-1809. First man to cross the English Channel in a balloon (1781).

BLANCHARD. Frenchman. 1753-1809. The first person to cross the English Channel in a balloon (1781).

BLAND (Lillian E., Miss), Carnmoney, Belfast, Ireland. First woman aviator to design and build her own machine, The Mayfly. Has since ceased.

BLAND (Lillian E., Miss), Carnmoney, Belfast, Ireland. First female aviator to design and build her own aircraft, The Mayfly. No longer in operation.

BLERIOT (Louis), 56 Boulevard Maillot, Paris. Chev. Legion d'Honneur. Inventor of the Bleriot monoplane. Pioneer. Experimented from 1906. Has had more falls than any other aviators. First man to fly the Channel, which he did in Bleriot XI., 25th July, 1909. Member, Com. d'Aviation of the Ae. C.F.

BLERIOT (Louis), 56 Boulevard Maillot, Paris. Chev. Legion of Honor. Inventor of the Bleriot monoplane. Pioneer. Started experimenting in 1906. Has had more crashes than any other aviators. First person to fly across the Channel, which he accomplished in Bleriot XI., on July 25, 1909. Member of the Aviation Committee of the Ae. C.F.

BIELOVUCIC. Peruvian. Flew the Alps, 1912. Well known aviator.

BIELOVUCIC. From Peru. Flew over the Alps in 1912. A well-known pilot.

BISS (Gerald). 1, Melina Place, Grove End Road, London, N.W. Well-known writer on automobile and aviation.

BISS (Gerald). 1 Melina Place, Grove End Road, London, N.W. Renowned author on cars and aviation.

BOCKLIN. Swiss. 1827-1901. In 1850 became interested in aviation. In 1881 built gliders and a model aeroplane. Triplane, 1881. Biplanes, 1882-1887. In 1888 a monoplane with electric motor.

BOCKLIN. Swiss. 1827-1901. In 1850, he became interested in aviation. In 1881, he built gliders and a model airplane. Triplane, 1881. Biplanes, 1882-1887. In 1888, a monoplane with an electric motor.

BOLOTOFF (Prince), Reigate Priory, Reigate, England. Russian subject. Pioneer aviator.

BOLOTOFF (Prince), Reigate Priory, Reigate, England. Russian national. Early aviator.

BOOM (J. A.) Editor of the De Luchtvaart, Ged. Aude gracht 144, Haarlem.

BORGNIS (Achille), 48 Rue d'Université, Paris. Early experimenter and inventor. Vice-President of the Com. d'Aviation Aeronautiques Club de France. Member Ae. C.F. (See aviators.)

BOOTHBY (Lieut. F. L. M.) British Navy. Served on board the Hermione when she was mother ship for aviation and aeronautics. Holds certificates for both aeroplanes and dirigibles.

BOOTHBY (Lieut. F. L. M.) British Navy. Served on board the Hermione when she was the mother ship for aviation and aeronautics. Holds certificates for both airplanes and airships.

BOSQUET (Chev. du), 8 Place de la Concorde, Paris. Chev. de l'Ordre de Leopold. Sec. Commission auto-aérienne.

BOSQUET (Chevalier du), 8 Place de la Concorde, Paris. Knight of the Order of Leopold. Secretary of the Automobile and Aerospace Commission.

BOUTTIEAUX (Col.) In command French military aviation, 1911-13.

BOUTTIEAUX (Col.) In charge of French military aviation, 1911-13.

[Pg 3d]

BRACKE (Albert), 11 Chemin de Saint-Denis, Casteau-Mons, Belgium. Engineer. Editor L'Aero Mecanique. Inventor of the Bracke and Misson monoplane. Author on aerial matters.

BRACKE (Albert), 11 Chemin de Saint-Denis, Casteau-Mons, Belgium. Engineer. Editor of L'Aero Mecanique. Inventor of the Bracke and Misson monoplane. Author on aviation topics.

BREGUET (Louis Charles), 31 Rue Morel, Donai (Nord), France. Born 1880. Began experimenting June, 1906, and in July, 1908, his gyroplane flew 20 yards at a height of 14 feet. President de la Section du Nord de la Ligue Nat. Aérienne.

BREGUET (Louis Charles), 31 Rue Morel, Donai (Nord), France. Born in 1880. Started experimenting in June 1906, and in July 1908, his gyroplane flew 20 yards at an altitude of 14 feet. President of the Northern Section of the National Aeronautical League.

BRERETON (J.). British. Instructor at British Deperdussin School, 1912.

BREWER (W.). Author of a standard technical work, The Art of Aviation. Formerly manager of Grahame-White & Co. Writer on aerial matters.

BREWER (W.). Author of a standard technical work, The Art of Aviation. Former manager of Grahame-White & Co. Writer on aviation topics.

BRINDLEY (Oscar). American citizen. In August, 1911, he made 11,726 feet, at Chicago. These figures were afterwards stated to be incorrect, so the record was not allowed.

BRINDLEY (Oscar). American citizen. In August 1911, he made 11,726 feet in Chicago. These figures were later reported to be incorrect, so the record was not accepted.

BROOKINS, U.S.A. Up to August, 1910, held world's height record, 6,338 feet (1,922 m.), made in a Wright at Atlantic City, U.S.A. Badly injured in an accident, August, 1910.

BROOKINS, U.S.A. Until August 1910, held the world record for altitude at 6,338 feet (1,922 m.), achieved in a Wright aircraft in Atlantic City, U.S.A. Suffered severe injuries in an accident in August 1910.

BUIST (A. Massac). Well-known British writer on aviation subjects. Technical contributor to Morning Post, Country Life, etc., etc.

BUIST (A. Massac). Well-known British writer on aviation topics. Technical contributor to Morning Post, Country Life, and others.

BURGEAT (Captain). The first French Officer after Captain Ferber to take up flying. He purchased Antoinette VI.—the first Antoinette sold to the public.

BURGEAT (Captain). The first French officer after Captain Ferber to start flying. He bought Antoinette VI—the first Antoinette sold to the public.

BUSTEED (Harry). Australian. Bristol pilot in the British Military Competition, 1912.

BUTLER (Frank Hedges). F.R.G.S., 155 Regent Street, London, W. Founder of the R. Ae. C. Crossed the Channel in a Balloon 1905. Member Ae. C. F.

BUTTENSTEDT (Carl). 95a, Friedrichshaven Str, Berlin. Born 1845. Author of aviation works and early experimenter over many years. Designer of aeroplanes, etc.

BUTTENSTEDT (Carl). 95a Friedrichshaven Str, Berlin. Born 1845. Author of aviation books and early experimenter for many years. Designer of airplanes, etc.

CAILLETET (Louis Paul), 75 Boulevard S. Michel, Paris. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Doctor. President Ae. C. F.

CAILLETET (Louis Paul), 75 Boulevard Saint Michel, Paris. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Doctor. President of the Academic Society of France.

CALDERARA (Lieut.). Italian Navy. Sent to France to study aviation in 1908. Has made many good flights ever since. In 1912-13 produced a naval hydro-aeroplane of his own design.

CALDERARA (Lieut.). Italian Navy. Sent to France to study aviation in 1908. He has made many impressive flights since then. In 1912-13, he created a naval hydro-aeroplane of his own design.

CAPAZZA (Louis). Frenchman. Born 1862. Head of the Clement-Bayard Works.

CAPPER (Col.). Formerly in command of British Army aviation headquarters, Farnborough, 1909-10.

CAPPER (Col.). Previously in charge of the British Army aviation headquarters, Farnborough, 1909-10.

CASSINONE (Alexander), Nordpolstr. 2, Vienna. Leading Figure in Austrian aeronautical circles.

CASSINONE (Alexander), Nordpolstr. 2, Vienna. Prominent figure in Austrian aviation circles.

CASTAGNIERIS (Capt. Guido), 70 via della Muratte, Rome. Founder and secretary leading Italian aero clubs, etc.

CASTAGNIERIS (Capt. Guido), 70 Via della Muratte, Rome. Founder and secretary of leading Italian aero clubs, etc.

CASTILLON DE SAINT-VICTOR (Comte G. de), 74 Avenue Marceau, Paris. Born 1870. Aeronaut since 1898. Did a trip, Paris to Sweden. Treasurer Ae. C. F., 1911.

CASTILLON DE SAINT-VICTOR (Comte G. de), 74 Avenue Marceau, Paris. Born 1870. Pilot since 1898. Took a trip from Paris to Sweden. Treasurer of Ae. C. F., 1911.

CATERS (Baron de), Berchem-les-Anvers, Belgium. Born 1875. Motorist of renown in the early days. Early aviator pioneer.

CATERS (Baron de), Berchem-les-Anvers, Belgium. Born 1875. A well-known motorist in the early days. Early aviation pioneer.

CATTANEO. Italian. Well-known aviator since 1910.

CATTANEO. Italian. Well-known pilot since 1910.

CARDEN (Capt.). Experimental officer, appointed 1911, to British Army Air Battalion.

CARDEN (Capt.). Experimental officer, appointed in 1911, to the British Army Air Battalion.

CAUMONT (late Lieut.). French aviator. Killed in a Nieuport monoplane, December 30th, 1910.

CAUMONT (late Lieut.). French pilot. Died in a Nieuport monoplane on December 30, 1910.

CAYLEY (George, Sir). Experimented about a hundred years ago with models and man-carrying gliders. Also wrote on Aviation, and is known as "the Father of Aviation."

CAYLEY (George, Sir). He experimented with models and gliders that could carry people about a hundred years ago. He also wrote about aviation and is recognized as "the Father of Aviation."

CHANDLER (Capt. C. de F.) Commanding Signal Aviation School, U.S.A.

CHANUTE (Octave), U.S.A. Frequently alluded to as "the father of aviation." In company with Herring he joined Langley in 1905. He did much work with gliders. He propounded the theory that little was to be learned from studying birds. Discovered that the greatest lift was obtained from a plane flat in front and arched from the side. Died November, 1910. Aged 78.

CHANUTE (Octave), U.S.A. Often called "the father of aviation." He teamed up with Herring and joined Langley in 1905. He did a lot of work with gliders. He proposed the theory that there wasn’t much to learn from studying birds. He discovered that the best lift was achieved with a flat front and a curved side on a plane. Died November 1910. Aged 78.

CHATLEY (Professor H.), B.Sc, Imperial Eng. Col. Tientsin, China. Britisher. Author of The Force of the Wind (Griffin & Co.), and an authority on aviation matters in general.

CHATLEY (Professor H.), B.Sc, Imperial Engineering College, Tientsin, China. British. Author of The Force of the Wind (Griffin & Co.), and an expert on aviation topics in general.

CHAVEZ (Georges). Peruvian aviator, resident in France. Maker of many records. First aviator to fly the Alps, 22nd September, 1910. Fatally injured on that occasion.

CHAVEZ (Georges). Peruvian pilot living in France. Holder of multiple records. First pilot to fly over the Alps on September 22, 1910. He was fatally injured during that flight.

CHEREAU. Frenchman. London manager of the Bleriot Co. and Bleriot School at Hendon.

CHEREAU. Frenchman. London manager of the Bleriot Company and Bleriot School in Hendon.

CHOENDEL (late). German aviator, who made an altitude record of 1680 metres with a passenger. Killed on alighting.

CHOENDEL (late). German pilot, who set an altitude record of 1,680 meters with a passenger. Died upon landing.

CLEMENT (Gustave Adolphus), 33 Quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine), France. Born 1855. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Creator of the Clement-Bayard dirigibles, etc.

CLEMENT (Gustave Adolphus), 33 Quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine), France. Born 1855. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Creator of the Clement-Bayard airships, etc.

COCKBURN (Geo. B.), Gloucester, England. One of the first Englishmen to take up aviation.

COCKBURN (Geo. B.), Gloucester, England. One of the first English people to get involved in aviation.

CODY. American; naturalised British, 1909. Inventor of the Cody kite. Employed by the British War Office for aviation work, 1905-1909. Inventor of Cody biplanes. Won Michelin prize 1910 and 1911. One of the best-known British aviators. In August 1912, made a biplane speed record of 72.4 m.p.h. Constructor.

CODY. American; naturalized British, 1909. Inventor of the Cody kite. Worked for the British War Office on aviation projects from 1905 to 1909. Inventor of Cody biplanes. Won the Michelin prize in 1910 and 1911. One of the most well-known British aviators. In August 1912, set a biplane speed record of 72.4 mph. Builder.

COLLOMB. Frenchman. Early experimenter with flappers, etc.

COLMORE (Cyril). British. Ae.C. Pilot 15. Flying partner with the late Cecil Grace. Now given up flying.

COLMORE (Cyril). British. Ae.C. Pilot 15. Flying partner with the late Cecil Grace. Now retired from flying.

COLSMAN (Alfred), Friedrichshaven, Germany. Director of the Zeppelin Co., etc.

COLSMAN (Alfred), Friedrichshafen, Germany. Director of the Zeppelin Company, etc.

CONNEAU (Lieut.) French Navy. Winner of the Daily Mail £10,000 prize, 1911, with a Bleriot. Winner of the Paris to Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911. Flies under the name of "Beaumont."

CONNEAU (Lieut.) French Navy. Winner of the Daily Mail £10,000 prize in 1911, flying a Bleriot. Winner of the Paris to Rome and Circuit of Europe races in 1911. Flies under the name "Beaumont."

CORNU (Paul), 24 Rue de la Gare, Lisieux, France. Pioneer experimenter with helicopters. In 1908 one of his inventions rose 16 inches.

CORNU (Paul), 24 Rue de la Gare, Lisieux, France. Groundbreaking experimenter with helicopters. In 1908, one of his inventions lifted 16 inches off the ground.

CROCCO (Lieut.) Italian. Had a good deal to do with the designing of the Ricaldoni dirigible.

CROCCO (Lieut.) Italian. He played a significant role in designing the Ricaldoni dirigible.

CROOKSHANK (Major C. de W.), R.E. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

CROOKSHANK (Major C. de W.), R.E. A notable advocate for aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

CURTISS (Glen. H.), Hammondsport, N.Y., U.S.A. Won the Gordon Bennett in 1909 on the Curtiss. Formerly a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, out of which the Curtiss was evolved. Is Ae. C.F. Pilot 2. Head of the Curtiss Aeroplane Co.

CURTISS (Glen H.), Hammondsport, N.Y., U.S.A. Won the Gordon Bennett in 1909 on the Curtiss. Previously a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, from which the Curtiss developed. Is Ae. C.F. Pilot 2. Head of the Curtiss Aeroplane Co.

DAHLBECK (Lieut.). First Swedish naval aviator. Trained in England.

DAHLBECK (Lieut.). The first Swedish naval aviator. Trained in England.

DAVELNY. Commandant French Navy. Appointed 1911, to take command of French naval aviation.

DAVELNY. Commandant, French Navy. Appointed in 1911 to lead French naval aviation.

DAUCOURT. Frenchman. First pilot to fly from Paris to Berlin, 16th April, 1913. Average speed 100 k.p.h. Time 12 hours, 32 minutes, including two stops.

DAUCOURT. Frenchman. First pilot to fly from Paris to Berlin, April 16, 1913. Average speed 100 k.p.h. Time: 12 hours, 32 minutes, including two stops.

DE BAEDAR (F.), 7 Rue Rameau, Paris. Editor Revue Sportive de l'Aviation et de l'Automobile.

DE DION (Marqus), 104 Avenue des Champs Elysées, Paris. Born 1856. Principal founder and Hon. President Ae. C. F.

DE DION (Marqus), 104 Avenue des Champs Élysées, Paris. Born 1856. Principal founder and Honorary President Ae. C. F.

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DE HAVILAND (G.) British aviator. Designer of a biplane and a motor purchased by the War Office, in December, 1910. He was subsequently engaged by the Government for work on Salisbury Plain. In August, 1912, made the British altitude record to date of 9,500 feet with a passenger.

DE HAVILAND (G.) British aviator. Designer of a biplane and a motor bought by the War Office in December 1910. He was later hired by the Government to work on Salisbury Plain. In August 1912, he set the British altitude record at that time of 9,500 feet with a passenger.

DELAGRANGE (the late Leon). Born 1872. French sculptor. Took up aviation early in 1907. He purchased Voisin No. I., which made its first trials 28th February, 1907. Subsequently engaged in experiments with Archdeacon. In 1908 bought a Voisin No. III. Later on got a Bleriot. Killed 4th January, 1910, at Croix d'Hins, Bordeaux, in a Bleriot. Was Ae. C. F. pilot 3.

DELAGRANGE (the late Leon). Born 1872. French sculptor. Started flying early in 1907. He bought the Voisin No. I., which made its first test flights on February 28, 1907. He later worked on experiments with Archdeacon. In 1908, he purchased a Voisin No. III. Eventually, he acquired a Bleriot. Tragically, he was killed on January 4, 1910, at Croix d'Hins, Bordeaux, while flying a Bleriot. He was an Ae. C. F. pilot 3.

DEMANEST (Rene). French. 25, rue d'Orleans, Neuilly sur Seine. Began flying an Antoinette in 1909. Won the Ae. C. F. prize.

DEMANEST (Rene). French. 25, rue d'Orleans, Neuilly sur Seine. Started flying an Antoinette in 1909. Won the Ae. C. F. prize.

DEPERDUSSIN. (See machines).

DEPREZ (Marcel). Frenchman. Writer on Aerial subjects.

DEPREZ (Marcel). French. Writer on aviation topics.

DESBLEDS (L. Bein). Lecturer on Aeronautical Engineering, Polytechnic, London.

DESBLEDS (L. Bein). Lecturer in Aeronautical Engineering, Polytechnic, London.

DEUTSCH (Henri de la Meurth), 4 Place des Etats-Unis, Paris. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Founder member of the Ae. C.F. Donor of the prize of 100,000 francs won by Santos Dumont, 19th October, 1901. Owner of the dirigible Ville de Paris. Vice-Pres. Legue Nat. Aérienne. Donor in part of the Deutsch Archdeacon prize. Offered 1909 to found a Technical Institute of Aviation, Paris University.

DEUTSCH (Henri de la Meurth), 4 Place des Etats-Unis, Paris. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Founder member of the Ae. C.F. Donor of the 100,000 franc prize won by Santos Dumont on October 19, 1901. Owner of the airship Ville de Paris. Vice President of the National Aeronautical League. Partial donor of the Deutsch Archdeacon prize. Offered in 1909 to establish a Technical Institute of Aviation at Paris University.

DICKSON (Captain). Ex-British Army officer. The first British aviator to distinguish himself at an International flying meet.

DICKSON (Captain). Former British Army officer. The first British pilot to make a mark at an international flying competition.

DOUTRE. French lawyer, interested in aviation. Invented a stabilising device in which Maurice Farman was interested.

DOUTRE. French lawyer interested in aviation. Invented a stabilizing device that Maurice Farman found intriguing.

DREXEL (A.) Scotland. American citizen. Made world's record at Lanark, 12th August, 1910, in a Bleriot, 6,750 feet (2,057 m.), beating previous record of Brookins.

DREXEL (A.) Scotland. American citizen. Set a world record at Lanark on August 12, 1910, in a Bleriot, reaching 6,750 feet (2,057 m.), surpassing the previous record held by Brookins.

DRIVER. British aviator. Flew in first aerial post, 1911.

DRIVER. British pilot. Flew in the first air mail delivery, 1911.

DRZEWIECKI (Stefan), 62 Rue Boileau, Paris. Russian. Born 1844. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. In 1885 investigated aviation in connection with bird flight. Well known otherwise as an inventor of submarines, torpedo tubes, etc.

DRZEWIECKI (Stefan), 62 Rue Boileau, Paris. Russian. Born 1844. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. In 1885, he researched aviation in relation to bird flight. He is also well known as an inventor of submarines, torpedo tubes, and more.

DU CROS (Harvey), M.P., 14 Regent Street, London, S.W. Born 1876. Takes considerable interest in aviation. Member of the Parliamentary Committee thereon.

DU CROS (Harvey), M.P., 14 Regent Street, London, S.W. Born 1876. Has a strong interest in aviation. Member of the Parliamentary Committee on this topic.

DUFAUX (Armand). Swiss. He and his brother Henry were interested in aviation in 1903, and in 1904 built an helicopter. In 1909 the first Swiss aeroplane built by them appeared.

DUFAUX (Armand). Swiss. He and his brother Henry were interested in aviation in 1903, and in 1904 they built a helicopter. In 1909, the first Swiss airplane built by them was created.

DUNNE (Lieut.), Eastchurch, Sheppey, Kent, England. Ex-British Army officer. Engaged by British War Office to carry out heavier than air experiments immediately after the aeroplane had been demonstrated a possibility. (See Dunne in part I.)

DUNNE (Lieut.), Eastchurch, Sheppey, Kent, England. Former British Army officer. Hired by the British War Office to conduct heavier-than-air experiments right after the airplane was proven to be possible. (See Dunne in part I.)

DUPUY DE LOME. Frenchman. Made a hand-propelled dirigible in 1870-72.

DUPUY DE LOME. Frenchman. Created a hand-powered dirigible between 1870 and 1872.

DÜRR (Ludwig). German. Born 1878. Chief engineer Zeppelin works.

DÜRR (Ludwig). German. Born 1878. Head engineer at Zeppelin works.

DUTRIEU (Mdlle. Hélène). Belgian. Second woman to take up aviation.

DUTRIEU (Mdlle. Hélène). Belgian. The second woman to pursue aviation.

EFIMOFF (Michael). Russian. Made his first appearance in France early in 1910. (Ae. C. F. pilot 31). Distinguished himself on H. Farmans and Sommers. On his return to Russia he was made chief instructor of the special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association.

EFIMOFF (Michael). Russian. Made his first appearance in France early in 1910. (Ae. C. F. pilot 31). He distinguished himself on H. Farmans and Sommers. Upon returning to Russia, he became the chief instructor at the special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association.

ELLEHAMMER (J. C. H.), Istedgade 119, Copenhagen. Commenced aviation studies in 1905. On 12th Sept., 1906, he made a flight—the first in Europe since Ader.

ELLEHAMMER (J. C. H.), Istedgade 119, Copenhagen. Started studying aviation in 1905. On September 12, 1906, he made a flight—the first in Europe since Ader.

ELLYSON (Lieut. T. G.) U.S. Navy. In company with Lieut. Towers made the first flights ever made in a hydro-aeroplane.

ELLYSON (Lieut. T. G.) U.S. Navy. Along with Lieut. Towers, he completed the first flights ever conducted in a hydro-aeroplane.

ELY (Eugene B.) American. Was the first to fly successfully off a warship, which he did in a Curtiss biplane on January 19th, 1911, from the U.S. cruiser Pennsylvania. Killed 1911.

ELY (Eugene B.) American. Was the first to successfully fly off a warship, which he did in a Curtiss biplane on January 19, 1911, from the U.S. cruiser Pennsylvania. Died 1911.

ENGLEHARDT (Kapitan). Prominent figure in German aeronautical and aviation circles. Writer on aerial subjects. Began flying in 1910, in which year he won several prizes. Killed 1911.

ENGLEHARDT (Captain). A notable figure in German aeronautics and aviation. Author on aviation topics. Started flying in 1910, the same year he won several awards. Died in 1911.

EQUIVELLY (Marquis d'), 2 Place Wagram, Paris. Pioneer aviator, with a queer multiplane, 1907.

EQUIVELLY (Marquis d'), 2 Place Wagram, Paris. Pioneer pilot, with an unusual multiplane, 1907.

ERBSLOCH (the late Oscar). Well known aeronaut. Inventor of a German dirigible, the R. M. W. G., afterwards named after him. He was killed in it with four others, July, 1910.

ERBSLOCH (the late Oscar). A well-known balloonist. He invented a German airship, the R. M. W. G., which was later named after him. He died in it along with four others in July 1910.

ESDAILE. British. Pioneered aviation displays in India, 1912.

ESDAILE. British. Pioneered aviation shows in India, 1912.

ESNAULT-PELTERIE (Robert), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine), France. Early experimenter with aeroplanes. Flew the first R.E.P., October, 1907. Designer of the R.E.P. engine.

ESNAULT-PELTERIE (Robert), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine), France. Early experimenter with airplanes. Flew the first R.E.P. in October 1907. Designer of the R.E.P. engine.

ESPITALLIER (Georges), 25 Rue St. Petersburg, Paris. Associated with the late Col. Renard in early dirigible experiments. Author of many aeronautical works.

ESPITALLIER (Georges), 25 Rue St. Petersburg, Paris. Worked with the late Col. Renard on early airship experiments. Author of numerous aviation-related works.

ETRICH (Igo), Rotunde, Vienna II. Pioneer aviator with Wels. Designer of the Etrich monoplane—the first Austrian machine to fly.

ETRICH (Igo), Rotunde, Vienna II. Pioneer aviator with Wels. Designer of the Etrich monoplane—the first Austrian aircraft to take flight.

EVANS (William Evans), 1428, Charlotte Street, Kansas City, Mo. Purchased a biplane built by Dr. William Greene, who has since given up aeroplane building. Evans made a number of exhibitions in the middle West, but had given up flying by summer of 1911.

EVANS (William Evans), 1428 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, Mo. Bought a biplane made by Dr. William Greene, who has since stopped building airplanes. Evans performed several exhibitions in the Midwest but had quit flying by the summer of 1911.

EWEN (W. H.) British. Head of the School for British Caudron.

"F. A. I." Federation of the leading Aero Clubs of all countries, for control of International Aviation Meets, Pilot certificates, etc., etc. The bulk of certificates were first obtained in France, but in 1910 they were made obtainable in any country from its own Ae. C., under identical rules. No aviator may compete in any International event without a certificate. Aviation has now more or less outgrown the F.A.I, on account of the virtual disappearance of private aviation events before military interests; but it did excellent service in its time and is still of considerable indirect value.

"F. A. I." Federation of the leading Aero Clubs from all countries, for overseeing International Aviation Meets, pilot certifications, and more. Most of the certifications were originally issued in France, but by 1910, they could be obtained in any country through its own Aero Club, following the same rules. No aviator can compete in any international event without a certification. Aviation has largely moved beyond the F.A.I. due to the near disappearance of private aviation events in favor of military interests; however, it served its purpose well in its time and still holds some significant indirect value.

FARMAN (Henri), 22 Avenue de la Grande Armée, Paris. Born in Paris, 1874, but is of English descent. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. First a racing cyclist, then racing motorist. Took up aviation. Bought Voison No. II (known as "Farman I."). On January 13th, 1908, he won the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize for covering a triangular course of one kilometre. In 1909 designed and built his own machine. Won the Michelin cup in 1909, making the record of 4 h. 17 min. 35 2.5s. in the air. Ae. C. F. pilot 5. In 1910, did 8 h. 12 mins. in the air, covering 288¾ m. (463 km.)

FARMAN (Henri), 22 Avenue de la Grande Armée, Paris. Born in Paris in 1874 but of English descent. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. First a competitive cyclist, then a racing driver. Got into aviation. Bought Voison No. II (commonly known as "Farman I."). On January 13, 1908, he won the Deutsch-Archdeacon prize for completing a triangular course of one kilometer. In 1909, he designed and built his own aircraft. Won the Michelin cup in 1909, setting a record of 4 hours, 17 minutes, and 35.2 seconds in the air. Aeronautical Club of France pilot 5. In 1910, he spent 8 hours and 12 minutes in the air, covering 288.75 miles (463 km).

FARMAN (Maurice), 3 Rue Villaret de Joyeuse, Paris. Brother of above. Went in for aeronautics and motor racing. Bought Voisin No. IV at an early stage of aviation. He fitted this with alterations of his own, and subsequently evolved the M. Farman biplane. Ae. C. F. pilot 6.

FARMAN (Maurice), 3 Rue Villaret de Joyeuse, Paris. Brother of the above. He got into aeronautics and motor racing. He bought Voisin No. IV early in aviation history. He made some modifications to it and later developed the M. Farman biplane. Ae. C. F. pilot 6.

FAURE (Jacques), 32 Rue Washington, Paris. Born 1873. Has long been prominent in aeronautical circles. Has crossed the Channel five times in gas bag balloons. Owns the Faure dirigible. Member of Committee Ae. C. F.

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FELIX (Capt.) In 1911 in charge of the Bleriot Military School at Etampes.

FELIX (Capt.) In 1911, he was in charge of the Bleriot Military School in Etampes.

FERBER (the late Capitane), flew as "De Rue." Born 1862 at Lyon. Commenced experiments with gliders in 1899 on Lilieuthal lines. In 1903 he built a power-driven machine. He taught Gabriel Voisin how to fly gliders. In 1908 was very active and flew several machines. Killed in a Voisin, 22nd September, 1909.

FERBER (the late captain) flew as "De Rue." Born in 1862 in Lyon. Started experimenting with gliders in 1899 based on Lilieuthal's ideas. In 1903, he built a powered machine. He taught Gabriel Voisin how to fly gliders. In 1908, he was very active and flew several machines. He died in a Voisin on September 22, 1909.

FERNANDEZ (the late). A Spanish tailor, resident in Paris, killed in 1909 in a machine of his own design.

FERNANDEZ (the late). A Spanish tailor living in Paris, was killed in 1909 by a machine he designed himself.

FISHER (E. U. B.) First flew on a Hanriot, early in 1911. August, 1911, engaged as pilot by Messrs. Vickers.

FISHER (E. U. B.) first flew a Hanriot in early 1911. In August 1911, he was hired as a pilot by Messrs. Vickers.

FOKKER (Antony), Haarlem, Holland. Born in Java, 1890. Designed a monoplane in 1911 with special stabilising device. He flew this at Johannisthal. Subsequently started a company.

FOKKER (Antony), Haarlem, Holland. Born in Java, 1890. He designed a monoplane in 1911 with a special stabilizing device. He flew it at Johannisthal. Later, he started a company.

FOURNY. French. On September 11th, 1912, broke all previous distance and duration records by flying, non-stop, 13 hours, 22 minutes in M. Farman. Renault motor. Distance 1,017 km. (631 miles) at Etampes, France.

FOURNY. French. On September 11th, 1912, set new records for distance and duration by flying non-stop for 13 hours and 22 minutes in M. Farman with a Renault engine. Distance covered: 1,017 km (631 miles) at Etampes, France.

FRISBIE (J. J.) American aviator. Killed in a Curtiss at Norton, Kan., having been driven to fly in unsuitable weather by the jeers of a hostile crowd.

FRISBIE (J. J.) American pilot. Died in a Curtiss in Norton, Kan., after being pushed to fly in bad weather by the taunts of an unfriendly crowd.

FÜRSTENBERG (Prince). Austrian. President of the Centre Aeronautical Committee, formed in June, 1912.

FÜRSTENBERG (Prince). Austrian. President of the Center Aeronautical Committee, established in June 1912.

GALANSCHIKOFF (Mdlle.) Russian. On November 22nd at Johannisthal, made world's altitude record for lady fliers with 2,400 meteres.

GALANSCHIKOFF (Mdlle.) Russian. On November 22nd at Johannisthal, set the world altitude record for female pilots at 2,400 meters.

GARROS. French aviator. Came in second in Paris to Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911. Up to November, 1911, held world's height record (13,000 feet). Made in a Bleriot.

GARROS. French aviator. Finished second in the Paris to Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911. Until November 1911, held the world altitude record (13,000 feet). Flew a Bleriot.

GASNIER (René), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris. Winner of many prizes in balloon events. French champion for the 1907 Gordon-Bennett. On Committee of Ae. C. F. Hon. President Ae. C. d'l'Ouest. Inventor of an aeroplane, 1908.

GASNIER (René), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris. Winner of multiple awards in balloon events. French champion for the 1907 Gordon-Bennett. Member of the Ae. C. F. Honorary President of the Ae. C. d'l'Ouest. Inventor of an airplane, 1908.

GAST (Madame C. Crespin du), 12 Rue Levoux, Paris. Well-known in aeronautical circles.

GAST (Madame C. Crespin du), 12 Rue Levoux, Paris. Well-known in aviation circles.

GASTAMBIDE (Robert), 27 Boulevard de Courcelles, Paris. Born 1882. Civil engineer. Took great interest in aviation at the start. Designed the Gastambide-Mengin from which Antoinettes were evolved. This was the first monoplane to carry a passenger (September, 1908.)

GASTAMBIDE (Robert), 27 Boulevard de Courcelles, Paris. Born 1882. Civil engineer. Had a keen interest in aviation from the beginning. Designed the Gastambide-Mengin, which led to the development of Antoinettes. This was the first monoplane to carry a passenger (September, 1908.)

GELEYNS (C.) Editor of the Avia, Wynbrugstreet 13, Rotterdam.

GERRARD (Lieut.), R.M.L.I. British. August 17th, 1911, made world's passenger record to date, 4 hours, 13 minutes, on Short No. 34.

GERRARD (Lieut.), R.M.L.I. British. August 17, 1911, set the world's passenger record to date, 4 hours and 13 minutes, on Short No. 34.

GIFFARD (H.) Britisher, resident in France. In 1850 built the first practical dirigible. It had a steam motor. In 1852 it made a controlled speed of about 5 m.p.h.

GIFFARD (H.) British, living in France. In 1850, he built the first practical airship. It had a steam engine. In 1852, it achieved a controlled speed of about 5 mph.

GILBERT. French. On March 28th, 1913, flew from Lyons to Villacoublay in 3 hours, 10 minutes, a world's record to date from town to town non-stop.

GILBERT. French. On March 28, 1913, flew from Lyons to Villacoublay in 3 hours and 10 minutes, setting a world record for a non-stop flight from town to town.

GILL (Howard). U.S.A. aviator. In October, 1911, flew for 4 hours 16 minutes 35 seconds in a Wright. American record to that date.

GILL (Howard). U.S.A. aviator. In October 1911, he flew for 4 hours, 16 minutes, and 35 seconds in a Wright. This was the American record at that time.

GILMOUR (Graham). British. Pilot Ae. C.F., April, 1910. In 1911, flying a Bristol: with which many of his flights have been directly or indirectly of a highly sensational nature. These have included a flight alleged to be over London (reported to R. Ae. C.—case dismissed), flying low over Henley Regatta (certificate suspended, with subsequent litigation). Won second prize in the Brooklands-Brighton Race, May, 1911. Killed February, 1912.

GILMOUR (Graham). British. Pilot Ae. C.F., April 1910. In 1911, he flew a Bristol, with many of his flights being quite sensational, both directly and indirectly. These included a flight that was said to be over London (reported to R. Ae. C.—case dismissed), and flying low over the Henley Regatta (certificate suspended, followed by litigation). He won second prize in the Brooklands-Brighton Race in May 1911. He was killed in February 1912.

GIBERT. French aviator who made records, 1911.

GIBERT. French pilot who set records, 1911.

GLAZEBROOK (Dr. R. T.), C.B., F.R.S. Director of the British National Physical Laboratory.

GLIDDEN (Charles J.) The well-known American motorist. Founder of many of the U.S.A. Ae. clubs.

GLIDDEN (Charles J.) The famous American driver. Founder of several automobile clubs in the U.S.A.

GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris. Builder of the America Wellman Arctic Airship; inventor of the Godard Kite-Balloon; designer and builder of the La Belgique, etc., etc.

GORDON-BENNETT (James), 104 Avenue des Champs Elysees, Paris. American citizen. Owner of the New York Herald. Giver of the Gordon-Bennet aviation Prize. Previous to this he had instituted a similar event for motor cars, and few, if any, have done so much to advance the International sporting side of automobilism.

GORDON-BENNETT (James), 104 Avenue des Champs Elysees, Paris. American citizen. Owner of the New York Herald. Founder of the Gordon-Bennett aviation Prize. Before this, he created a similar event for cars, and few, if any, have done as much to promote the international sports aspect of auto racing.

GOUPY (Ambrose), 59 Avenue Marceau, Paris. An early pioneer in aviation experiments—had the first triplane built for him by Voisins. Now a well known constructor.

GOUPY (Ambrose), 59 Avenue Marceau, Paris. An early pioneer in aviation experiments—had the first triplane made for him by Voisins. Now a well-known manufacturer.

GRACE (late Cecil). Naturalised British subject, ex-Chilian. Lost at sea while competing for the Baron de Forest prize, December, 1910.

GRACE (formerly Cecil). Naturalized British citizen, former Chilean. Lost at sea while competing for the Baron de Forest prize, December 1910.

GRADE (H.), Magdeburg, Germany. First man to fly in Germany. He did this on a Grade triplane early in 1909. Now a well known German constructor.

GRADE (H.), Magdeburg, Germany. First person to fly in Germany. He accomplished this on a Grade triplane in early 1909. Now a well-known German manufacturer.

GRAHAME-WHITE (Claude), 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London. Pilot 30 Ae. C. F. on a H. Farman. Attempted to win the Daily Mail £10,000 London-Manchester prize, 1910. Gordon Bennett, 1911. Now constructor.

GRAHAME-WHITE (Claude), 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London. Pilot 30 A.E.C. F. on a H. Farman. Tried to win the Daily Mail £10,000 London-Manchester prize in 1910. Gordon Bennett, 1911. Now a constructor.

GREENE (Dr. W.), Treasurer, Aeronautic Society, U.S.A. Has done a great deal to advance aviation in the U.S.A. Designer of the Greene biplane—a machine which in no way infringed the Wright patents.

GREENE (Dr. W.), Treasurer, Aeronautic Society, U.S.A. Has made significant contributions to the advancement of aviation in the U.S.A. Designer of the Greene biplane—a aircraft that did not infringe on the Wright patents in any way.

GRESWELL. British aviator. Flew in first aerial post, 1911.

GRESWELL. British pilot. Flew in the first airmail service, 1911.

GREY (Chas. G.), 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Editor of the Aeroplane. Well-known writer on aerial matters, formerly as "Aero-Amateur," later under his own name. By 1912, had come to occupy a unique position of his own by an uncompromising statement of facts without regard to other circumstances.

GREY (Chas. G.), 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Editor of the Aeroplane. Well-known writer on aviation topics, initially as "Aero-Amateur," later using his own name. By 1912, he had established a distinctive position for himself by presenting facts without consideration for other factors.

GROSS (Major). In command of the German war dirigibles. Designer of the M type. (Gross).

GROSS (Major). In charge of the German war airships. Designer of the M type. (Gross).

GRUBB (Capt. A. H. W.) D.S.O., R.E. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

GRUBB (Capt. A. H. W.) D.S.O., R.E. Key supporter of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

GUILLEMEAU (R.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor Revue Francaise, de Const. Autble et Aeronautique.

GUILLEMEAU (R.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor Revue Française, de Const. Autble et Aéronautique.

HAENLEIN (Paul). German, 1835-1905. Early experimenter with dirigibles. Inventor of the "semi-rigid" system.

HAENLEIN (Paul). German, 1835-1905. Early experimenter with airships. Inventor of the "semi-rigid" system.

HAMEL (Gustav). British. Well-known aviator. Winner of Brooklands-Brighton Race, May, 1911. Flew the first British aerial mail, 1911. In April, 1913, on behalf of the London Standard, made a non-stop flight with a passenger London to Cologne in a Bleriot. Many other famous flights.

HAMEL (Gustav). British. Famous aviator. Winner of the Brooklands-Brighton Race, May 1911. Flew the first British airmail in 1911. In April 1913, on behalf of the London Standard, made a non-stop flight with a passenger from London to Cologne in a Bleriot. Many other notable flights.

HAMMOND (J. J.) Australian. Pilot 258, Ae. C. F., on a Sanchis Besa, 4th October, 1910. In 1911, visited Australia with a Bristol, when he made many sensational flights.

HAMMOND (J. J.) Australian. Pilot 258, Ae. C. F., on a Sanchis Besa, October 4, 1910. In 1911, he visited Australia with a Bristol, where he performed many sensational flights.

HARGRAVE (Lawrence), Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. A pioneer in aviation, 1890-95. Experimenter with and inventor of box kites.

HARGRAVE (Lawrence), Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. A pioneer in aviation, 1890-95. Experimenter and inventor of box kites.

HARKNESS (Harry). American aviator. Has made various records.

HARKNESS (Harry). American pilot. Has set multiple records.

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HARMON, (Clifford B.) One of the best-known U.S.A. amateur aviators. Made U.S.A. time record (2h. 3m.), 2nd July, 1910.

HARMON, (Clifford B.) One of the most famous amateur pilots in the USA. Set a U.S. time record (2h. 3m.) on July 2, 1910.

HARRISON (Eric). Australian subject. Instructor of the Bristol school at Lark Hill, Salisbury Plain, 1912.

HARRISON (Eric). Australian national. Instructor at the Bristol school in Lark Hill, Salisbury Plain, 1912.

HARRISON (Lieut. L. C. R.) British R. F. C. Killed 28th April, 1913, in the famous Cody which won the British Military Aeroplane competition.

HARRISON (Lieut. L. C. R.) British R. F. C. Killed on April 28, 1913, in the famous Cody, which won the British Military Aeroplane competition.

HAULT (Adhemar de la), 214 Rue Royale, Brussels. Editor of La Conqûete de l'air. Well-known aviation pioneer. Interested in Ornithopters.

HAULT (Adhemar de la), 214 Rue Royale, Brussels. Editor of La Conqûete de l'air. Well-known aviation pioneer. Interested in ornithopters.

HAWKER (H. G.) Australian subject. On October 24th made British duration record to date—8 hours 23 mins. in Sopwith biplane. Awarded the Michelin Cup, 1912.

HAWKER (H. G.) Australian subject. On October 24th, set a British duration record at 8 hours and 23 minutes in a Sopwith biplane. Awarded the Michelin Cup, 1912.

HEKKING (R.) Frenchman. In September, 1909, carried out experiments with a biplane glider of 7 m. span and 25 m². surface. He rose to a height of 25 m., and is stated to have remained stationary for 5 minutes. Not confirmed, however.

HEKKING (R.) Frenchman. In September 1909, he conducted experiments with a biplane glider that had a 7 m wingspan and a surface area of 25 m². He reached an altitude of 25 m and reportedly stayed in the air for 5 minutes. This, however, has not been confirmed.

HELEN. French aviator. Has appeared in various competitions since early in 1911.

HELEN. French pilot. Has competed in various events since early 1911.

HENDERSON (Brig. Gen.) British Army. First general to obtain British R. Ae. C. aviator certificate. Flying under the name of "Davidson" he obtained his certificate on a Bristol, at Brooklands, after seven days' training.

HENDERSON (Brig. Gen.) British Army. First general to earn the British Royal Aero Club aviator certificate. Flying under the name "Davidson," he received his certificate on a Bristol at Brooklands after seven days of training.

HENRY, Prince of Prussia. Well known for practical interest in motoring and aviation. Has driven his own car in races, and is a certificated aerial pilot for Germany.

HENRY, Prince of Prussia. Known for his hands-on interest in driving and flying. He has raced his own car and is a licensed pilot in Germany.

HENSON. Died 1842. Projected a steam-driven monoplane early in the XIX century.

HENSON. Died 1842. Designed a steam-powered monoplane in the early 1800s.

HERRING (A. M.), Freeport, Long Island, U.S.A. Started the study of aviation 1894. With Langley, 1895. With Chanute, 1896. Joined Ae. Exp. Assoc. and associated with Curtiss in the Herring-Curtiss. Subsequently (1910) with Burgess in the Herring-Burgess.

HERRING (A. M.), Freeport, Long Island, U.S.A. Began studying aviation in 1894. Worked with Langley in 1895. Collaborated with Chanute in 1896. Joined the Aeronautical Expedition Association and partnered with Curtiss on the Herring-Curtiss. Later (1910) teamed up with Burgess on the Herring-Burgess.

HERVE (Henri), 1 Rue Hautefeuille, Paris. Well-known authority on matters aeronautical. Author, etc.

HERVE (Henri), 1 Rue Hautefeuille, Paris. Well-known expert on aviation. Author, etc.

HEWLETT (Mrs. Maurice) ("Madame Franck"). First lady aviator to obtain a British R. Ae. C. certificate.

HEWLETT (Mrs. Maurice) ("Madame Franck"). First female aviator to receive a British R. Ae. C. certificate.

HILDEBRAND (Kapitan Alfred), 10 Martin-Lutherstrasse, Berlin W. 30. Retired from German Army. A very well-known aeronaut. Owner of a Baldwin dirigible. Author of many works on aeronautics and aviation—the best known German writer on these subjects.

HILDEBRAND (Captain Alfred), 10 Martin-Lutherstrasse, Berlin W. 30. Retired from the German Army. A well-known aeronaut. Owner of a Baldwin dirigible. Author of numerous works on aeronautics and aviation—the most recognized German writer on these topics.

HINTERSTOISSER (Hauptmann Franz), Luisenstrasse 35, Vienna V. Commanding Austro-Hungarian Aeronautical service. 1911-12.

HINTERSTOISSER (Captain Franz), Luisenstrasse 35, Vienna V. Commanding Austro-Hungarian Aeronautical service. 1911-12.

HIRTH (Helmuth). German. Made German passenger altitude record to date, at Johannistal, September-October, 1911. Height 2475 metres. Many other records. The best known of all German aviators.

HIRTH (Helmuth). German. Set the German passenger altitude record to date at Johannistal, September-October 1911. Height 2,475 meters. Many other records. The best-known of all German aviators.

HOFFMAN (Joseph). German. Built a steam-driven aeroplane in 1906.

HOFFMAN (Joseph). German. Created a steam-powered airplane in 1906.

HOLDEN (Col. H. C. L.) R.A.F.R.S. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

HOWARD-FLANDERS. See British Aeroplanes, Part A.

HOWARD-FLANDERS. See British Airplanes, Part A.

HOWARD-WRIGHT. British. Early designer (see Part B). In January, 1913, became manager of S. White & Co., of Cowes.

HOWARD-WRIGHT. British. Early designer (see Part B). In January 1913, he became the manager of S. White & Co., located in Cowes.

HOUDINI (Harry). British. The famous "Handcuff King" flew a Voisin so long ago as November 2nd, 1909. He took it to Australia and won the first aeroplane flight prize there. He is the first to have taken out a "third party" insurance, which he did with the Albingia-Versicherungs-Aktien-gesellschaft, Hamburg, Germany, on November 29th, 1909. The policy was for 150,000 marks.

HOUDINI (Harry). British. The famous "Handcuff King" flew a Voisin as early as November 2nd, 1909. He took it to Australia and won the first airplane flight prize there. He was the first to obtain "third party" insurance, which he secured with the Albingia-Versicherungs-Aktien-gesellschaft, Hamburg, Germany, on November 29th, 1909. The policy was for 150,000 marks.

HUBERT. French aviator. Flew in the first British aerial post and was badly injured.

HUBERT. French pilot. Flew in the first British airmail service and was seriously injured.

HUCKS (B. B.) British aviator. Has made several fine exhibition flights on a Blackburn. First man to make the double journey across the Bristol Channel, also to carry out wireless telephone experiments with aeroplane.

HUCKS (B. B.) British pilot. He has completed several impressive exhibition flights on a Blackburn. He was the first person to make the double trip across the Bristol Channel and also to conduct wireless telephone experiments with an airplane.

HUNTINGDON (Prof. A. K.), 14 Buckingham St., Charing Cross, London, W.C. Born 1856. Balloon expert, 1906-1908. Connected with the Dunne machines. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

HUNTINGDON (Prof. A. K.), 14 Buckingham St., Charing Cross, London, W.C. Born 1856. Balloon expert, 1906-1908. Worked with the Dunne machines. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

HURLBERT (Dr. Dane), Vermont, Lucerne, Switzerland. U.S.A. citizen. Experimenter in original types of aeroplanes, 1909-11

HURLBERT (Dr. Dane), Vermont, Lucerne, Switzerland. U.S.A. citizen. Experimenter in original types of airplanes, 1909-11

ILLNER. First man to fly in Austria, which he did on an Etrich.

ILLNER. The first person to fly in Austria, which he did on an Etrich.

ISSATIER. French private soldier who obtained three weeks' leave and secured his flying certificate at Betheny after fourteen days, in a Deperdussin.

ISSATIER. French private soldier who got three weeks' leave and earned his flying certificate at Betheny after fourteen days, in a Deperdussin.

ISENDAHL (Walther). German. Holsteinstrasse 21, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Leading authority on aerial and boat motors.

ISENDAHL (Walther). German. Holsteinstrasse 21, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Leading expert on airplane and boat engines.

JANE (Fred T.), The Hill, Bedhampton, Hants, England. Naval author, founder and editor of All the World's Air-craft.

JANNUS (Antony). American. Well-known aviator.

JANNUS (Antony). American. Famous aviator.

JATHO (Karl), Stader Chausse 22, Hanover, Germany. Born 1873. Pioneer aviator from 1893. Has built various machines—none very satisfactory.

JATHO (Karl), Stader Chausse 22, Hanover, Germany. Born 1873. Early aviator starting in 1893. Has constructed several aircraft—none particularly successful.

JEANNIN (Emil), Berlin. Prominent German aviator.

JEANNIN (Emil), Berlin. Well-known German pilot.

JEFFERIES (Dr. John). 1760-1820 about. American. Accompanied Blanchard in the first balloon voyage across the English Channel, 1784.

JEFFERIES (Dr. John). 1760-1820 around. American. Joined Blanchard on the first balloon trip across the English Channel, 1784.

JENKINS (F. Conway). In May, 1911, obtained his certificate (74) after only four flights on a Roe biplane.

JENKINS (F. Conway). In May 1911, he earned his certificate (74) after just four flights on a Roe biplane.

JOHNSTONE (St. Croix). American aviator. 27th July, 1911, beat American duration records in a flight of 4 hours, 1 minute, 54 seconds. Distance 176 miles. Killed 1911.

JOHNSTONE (St. Croix). American aviator. On July 27, 1911, he set American records for flight duration with a time of 4 hours, 1 minute, and 54 seconds. The distance covered was 176 miles. Died in 1911.

JONES (Ernest L.), 250 West 54 Street, New York. Editor of Aeronautics (U.S.A.)

JONES (Ernest L.), 250 West 54th Street, New York. Editor of Aeronautics (U.S.A.)

JOSEF FERDINAND (Grand Duke of Austria). Enthusiastic aeronaut and moving spirit in aviatory matters in Austria.

JOSEF FERDINAND (Grand Duke of Austria). Passionate aviator and key figure in aviation developments in Austria.

JOYNSON-HICKS. British M.P. who has specialised in endeavouring to advance aviation.

JOYNSON-HICKS. British MP who has focused on trying to promote aviation.

JULLIOT (Henri), 3 Rue de Flandre, Paris. Born 1855. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Technical director of the Lebaudy works. Originator of the Lebaudy type of dirigibles. Designer of Lebaudy aeroplane. Member of Committee Ae. C. F.

JULLIOT (Henri), 3 Rue de Flandre, Paris. Born 1855. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Technical director of the Lebaudy works. Originator of the Lebaudy type of airships. Designer of the Lebaudy airplane. Member of the Ae. C. F. Committee.

KAPFERER (Henry), 26 Rue de Clichy, Paris. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Director of the Astra Cie, and the Cie Gen. Transaerienne. Part designer of the Clement-Bayard dirigibles. Took an early interest in the aeroplane movement, and had a biplane built to his own design by Voisins in 1907. Also had an early monoplane about the same date or a little later. On Committee Ae. C. F.

KAPFERER (Henry), 26 Rue de Clichy, Paris. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. Director of the Astra Company and the General Transaerienne Company. Co-designer of the Clement-Bayard airships. Developed an early interest in aviation and had a biplane constructed based on his own design by Voisins in 1907. Also had an early monoplane around the same time or shortly afterward. On the Aeronautical Committee.

KASSNER (Carl), Wilhelmstr. 10, Berlin. Professor, German writer on technical aviation matters.

KASSNER (Carl), Wilhelmstr. 10, Berlin. Professor, German author specializing in technical aviation topics.

KENNEDY (Rankin), British authority on aviation subjects.

KENNEDY (Rankin), British expert on aviation topics.

KENNEDY. St. Petersburg. British subject. Engineer who has studied aviation for many years. In 1911, was an honorary aerial adviser to the Russian Government on matters aerial.

KENNEDY. St. Petersburg. British citizen. Engineer who has researched aviation for many years. In 1911, served as an honorary aerial advisor to the Russian Government on aviation matters.

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KINDELAN (Captain), Guadalajara, Spain. Born 1879. Interested in balloons since 1906. Designer of the Spanish military airship Torres Quevedos.

KNIGHT. British. Instructor 1912, Vickers School.

KOENIG. German aviator. Won the 1st prize given by the Berliner Zeitung am Mittag. 1,182½ kilos.

KOENIG. German pilot. Won the first prize awarded by the Berliner Zeitung am Mittag. 1,182½ kilos.

KRAUSS. Well-known German aviation engineer. Author of many articles.

KRAUSS. A well-known German aviation engineer. Writer of numerous articles.

KRESS (Wilhelm), Waaggasse 13, Vienna. Born 1836. Flew a model ornithopter in 1888. Author.

KRESS (Wilhelm), Waaggasse 13, Vienna. Born in 1836. Flew a model ornithopter in 1888. Author.

KRIEGER (Hans). German. Formerly chauffeur to the Kaiser. Built a monoplane of his own design, and on September 5th, 1911, obtained his certificate on it.

KRIEGER (Hans). German. Formerly a driver for the Kaiser. Built a monoplane of his own design, and on September 5th, 1911, received his certificate for it.

LAFFONT (late A.) Killed in an Antoinette, December 28th, 1910.

LAFFONT (late A.) Died in an Antoinette, December 28, 1910.

LAHM (Frank), Washington D.C., U.S.A. Well-known aeronaut.

LAHM (Frank), Washington D.C., U.S.A. Well-known aviator.

LAMBERT (Albert B.) President of Ae. C. of St. Louis, U.S.A. Flies a Wright.

LAMBERT (Count Charles), 74 Rue Charles-Lafitte, Neuilly-sur-seine, Paris. Russian subject. Born 1865. Interested in aviation 1893 onward. First pupil of Wilbur Wright.

LAMBERT (Count Charles), 74 Rue Charles-Lafitte, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Paris. Russian citizen. Born in 1865. Became interested in aviation starting in 1893. First student of Wilbur Wright.

LAMMLIN. German. Killed at Strasburg, May 23rd, 1911.

LAMMLIN. German. Killed in Strasbourg, May 23, 1911.

LANA (Francisco), (1631-1687), (Italian). Jesuit who projected flying machines.

LANA (Francisco), (1631-1687), (Italian). Jesuit who designed flying machines.

LANCHESTER. Author of well-known aerial classic.

LANCHESTER. Author of a famous aerial classic.

LANE (Howard), 50, Parliament Street, Westminster, London, S.W. British citizen. Mechanical and Chemical Engineer. Born 1852 at Warwick. Government Contractor; Birmingham City Councillor, 1895-1900. Honours, South Kensington, 1873. Inventions, the Seamless Steel Gas Cylinder, 1882; Multiple Stage Gas Compressor, 1884; Roller method of Skin Balloon Construction, 1887; Regenerative Hydrogen Producing Plant, 1903; Turbine Aero-Motor, 1909, etc., etc.

LANE (Howard), 50 Parliament Street, Westminster, London, S.W. British citizen. Mechanical and Chemical Engineer. Born in 1852 in Warwick. Government Contractor; Birmingham City Councillor from 1895 to 1900. Honors from South Kensington in 1873. Inventions include the Seamless Steel Gas Cylinder in 1882; Multiple Stage Gas Compressor in 1884; Roller method of Skin Balloon Construction in 1887; Regenerative Hydrogen Producing Plant in 1903; Turbine Aero-Motor in 1909, among others.

LANGLEY (Samuel Pierpont). Born 1834. Died 1906. American pioneer from 1887. Commenced work in 1893 with Dr. Graham Bell, and later, Herring and Chanute. In May, 1896, he flew a large steam-driven model tandem monoplane—the Langley type. Author of Experiments in Aero Dynamics and other aerial classics.

LANGLEY (Samuel Pierpont). Born 1834. Died 1906. American pioneer from 1887. Started working in 1893 with Dr. Graham Bell, and later with Herring and Chanute. In May 1896, he flew a large steam-powered tandem monoplane—the Langley type. Author of Experiments in Aero Dynamics and other aviation classics.

LANZ (Karl), Lachnerstrasse 18, Mannheim, Germany. Wealthy patron of aviation in Germany. Giver of the £2000 Lanz prize won by Grade. Financed the Schütte dirigible.

LANZ (Karl), Lachnerstrasse 18, Mannheim, Germany. Wealthy supporter of aviation in Germany. Donor of the £2000 Lanz prize awarded to Grade. Funded the Schütte dirigible.

LAROCHE (Madame la Baronne Raymonde de). The first lady aviator. Pilot Ae. C. F. 36. Purchased a Voisin in the summer of 1909 and entered for International events. Badly injured in an accident at Reims, July, 1910. In 1913, took up flying again.

LAROCHE (Madame la Baronne Raymonde de). The first female aviator. Pilot Ae. C. F. 36. Bought a Voisin in the summer of 1909 and participated in international events. Seriously injured in an accident at Reims in July 1910. In 1913, she started flying again.

LATHAM (Hubert), 7 Rue Rembrandt, Paris. Of English descent one side. Pilot 9 Ae. C. F. Director of the Antoinette Cie. Attempted to fly the Channel, 1909. (1) in Antoinette IV. (2) in Antoinette VII. (3) in August, 1910. Maker of many records. Killed by a buffalo, 1912.

LATHAM (Hubert), 7 Rue Rembrandt, Paris. Of English descent on one side. Pilot 9 Ae. C. F. Director of the Antoinette Cie. Tried to fly across the Channel in 1909. (1) in Antoinette IV. (2) in Antoinette VII. (3) in August 1910. Set many records. Killed by a buffalo in 1912.

LA VAULX (Comte Henri de), 2 Rue Gaston de St. Paul, Paris. Born 1870. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Vice-President Ae. C. F., and one of its promoters. Founder and Vice-Pres. of the F.A.I. Took up aeronautics in 1900, since when he had made over 250 ascents. Record holder for "gas bags." Owner of a Zodiac dirigible in 1909-10.

LA VAULX (Comte Henri de), 2 Rue Gaston de St. Paul, Paris. Born 1870. Knight of the Legion of Honor. Vice-President of the Ae. C. F., and one of its founders. Founded and served as Vice-President of the F.A.I. Started in aeronautics in 1900, and since then, he has completed over 250 ascents. Record holder for "gas bags." Owned a Zodiac dirigible in 1909-10.

LEBAUDY (Robert), 12 Rue de Lubeck, Paris. Sugar refiner. Member Ae. C. F. Founder of the Lebaudy Dirigible Cie.

LE BLANC (Alfred), 17 Rue Lakanal, Paris. Born 1869. Aeronaut in 1904. Winner of the Circuit d' l'Est., Aug., 1910.

LE BLON (late). Frenchman. Born 1875. Killed in a Bleriot at S. Sebastien, 2nd April, 1910.

LE BLON (late). Frenchman. Born 1875. Died in a Bleriot at S. Sebastien, April 2nd, 1910.

LEFÈBVRE (Eugene). French aviator. Killed on a Wright, 7th September, 1909, at Juvissy.

LEFÈBVRE (Eugene). French pilot. Killed on a Wright, September 7, 1909, at Juvissy.

LEGAGNEUX. In December, 1910, made a flight of nearly 6 hours, at Pau, (322 mile—53 m.p.h.) average, in a Bleriot.

LEGAGNEUX. In December 1910, he completed a flight of almost 6 hours in Pau, covering 322 miles at an average speed of 53 mph, in a Bleriot.

LESSEPS (Comte Jacques de), 11 Avenue Montaigne, Paris. Well-known aviator in the early days.

LESSEPS (Comte Jacques de), 11 Avenue Montaigne, Paris. Famous aviator in the early days.

LEVAVASSEUR. Known in France as "Pére Levavasseur." Chief engineer of the Antoinette Works and deus ex machina of the type. He severed his connection early in 1910, but rejoined in June, 1910, and remained as long as the company existed.

LEVAVASSEUR. Known in France as "Père Levavasseur." Chief engineer of the Antoinette Works and deus ex machina of the type. He ended his connection early in 1910 but rejoined in June 1910 and stayed until the company ceased to exist.

LEVE (Pierre), 17 Rue Cassette, Paris. Editor of La Revue Aérienne, official organ of La Ligue Nat. Aérienne.

LEVE (Pierre), 17 Rue Cassette, Paris. Editor of La Revue Aérienne, the official publication of La Ligue Nat. Aérienne.

LILIEUTHAL (Gustav), 5 Marthastrasse, Gross-Lichterfelde, Germany. Brother of the late Otto Lilieuthal, whose work he has carried on. Author.

LILIEUTHAL (Gustav), 5 Marthastrasse, Gross-Lichterfelde, Germany. Brother of the late Otto Lilieuthal, whose work he has continued. Author.

LILIEUTHAL (Otto, the late). German subject. Began his interest in aviation when 15 years old. In 1889 published his Bird Flight as a Basis of the Flying Art, the result of 25 years observation of sea-gulls and storks. In 1891 he made glider flights. In 1895 he produced a biplane glider. On 12th Aug., 1896, he was killed while experimenting. Lilieuthal was the fountain head of modern aviation.

LILIEUTHAL (Otto, the late). German national. He became interested in aviation at the age of 15. In 1889, he published his book Bird Flight as a Basis of the Flying Art, which was the result of 25 years of observing seabirds and storks. In 1891, he conducted glider flights. By 1895, he had created a biplane glider. Unfortunately, on August 12, 1896, he died during an experiment. Lilieuthal was a pioneer of modern aviation.

LINKE (Dr. Franz), Kettenhofweg 181, Frankfurt, Germany, Scientist. Born 1878. Author of Moderne Luftschiffahrt and other works.

LINKE (Dr. Franz), Kettenhofweg 181, Frankfurt, Germany, Scientist. Born 1878. Author of Modern Airship Travel and other works.

LIORE (F.), 4 bis Rue de Corneille, Levallois-Perret, France. Early pioneer with the Witzig-Liore-Duthileuil. Since then evolved a monoplane.

LIORE (F.), 4 bis Rue de Corneille, Levallois-Perret, France. Early pioneer with the Witzig-Liore-Duthileuil. Since then, developed a monoplane.

LÔME (Dupuy de). See DUPUY DE LÔME.

LORIDAN. In July, 1910, in a H. Farman racer broke the existing altitude record by making 3,280 m. (10,758ft). Did 702 km., July, 1911.

LORIDAN. In July 1910, a H. Farman racer broke the existing altitude record by reaching 3,280 m (10,758 ft). Achieved 702 km in July 1911.

MALONE (Lieut. Cecil J. L'Estrange). R.N. Navy Wing of British R. F. C. Assistant to director of Flying at Admiralty, end of 1912.

MALONE (Lieut. Cecil J. L'Estrange). R.N. Navy Wing of British R.F.C. Assistant to the director of Flying at the Admiralty, end of 1912.

MAHIEU. In September, 1911, made the world's passenger record of 2460 metres (7981 feet) in a Voisin, at Issy. Duration of flight 3½ hours.

MAHIEU. In September 1911, set the world passenger record of 2,460 meters (7,981 feet) in a Voisin, at Issy. Flight duration was 3½ hours.

MANNING (H.) British. Aeroplane designer.

MANNING (H.) British aeroplane designer.

MAREY (Professor). Inventor of the Whirling table, 1870.

MAREY (Professor). Inventor of the Whirling Table, 1870.

MARIE (Capitaine). French Army. On staff of Inspector General of Aeronautics.

MARIE (Captain). French Army. On the staff of the Inspector General of Aeronautics.

MARIE (Pierre). Alsatian. Real name was Bournique. He made his name on a R.E.P.'s. In May, 1911, he was trying a 100 h.p. Deperdussin when the machine capsized and fell. He was taken to hospital and died a few hours later. His passenger, Lieut. Depuis, was burned to death.

MARIE (Pierre). From Alsace. His real name was Bournique. He became well-known for a R.E.P.'s. In May 1911, he was piloting a 100 h.p. Deperdussin when the aircraft flipped and crashed. He was taken to the hospital and died a few hours later. His passenger, Lieut. Depuis, was burned alive.

MARS ("Bud"). Well-known American aviator. Has more than once been reported killed; but always appears again.

MARS ("Bud"). A famous American pilot. Has been reported dead more than once; but always shows up again.

MARTIN (Glen L.) Santa Ana, California, U.S.A. Flying Curtiss types. Obtained a considerable reputation, and local amateur record at Los Angeles meet, end of 1910.

MARTIN (Glen L.) Santa Ana, California, U.S.A. Flying Curtiss types. Gained a significant reputation and local amateur record at the Los Angeles meet, end of 1910.

MASSAC BUIST. (See BUIST).

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MATSIEVITCH (Kapitan). Russian Army. Was Instructor of the Military Aviation School at Sevastopol. Killed at Sevastopol, 1911.

MATSIEVITCH (Captain). Russian Army. Was an instructor at the Military Aviation School in Sevastopol. Killed in Sevastopol, 1911.

MAXIM (Sir Hiram), Baldwyn's Park, Kent. Inventor of the Maxim gun, etc. American by birth, naturalised British subject. Began experiments with propellers, etc., in 1889. In 1890 to 1893 he experimented with a full-sized aeroplane, steam propelled. Abandoned the experiments after spending £20,000 on them. Resumed work 1909, without success. Author of Artificial and Natural Flight.

MAXIM (Sir Hiram), Baldwyn's Park, Kent. He invented the Maxim gun and other inventions. Originally from America, he became a naturalized British citizen. He started experimenting with propellers and similar technologies in 1889. From 1890 to 1893, he worked on a full-sized steam-powered airplane. He stopped these experiments after spending £20,000. He resumed his work in 1909, but it was unsuccessful. He authored Artificial and Natural Flight.

McCLEAN. British aviator. Towards the end of 1910, he loaned two Short biplanes to Eastchurch flying ground for the training of naval officer in aviation, and himself acted as instructor. These were the first machines used by the British naval officers, consequently Mr. McClean may be regarded as the founder of the British Naval Aeroplane Division. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee.

McCLEAN. British aviator. Toward the end of 1910, he loaned two Short biplanes to Eastchurch flying ground for training naval officers in aviation, and he served as the instructor. These were the first aircraft used by British naval officers, so Mr. McClean can be seen as the founder of the British Naval Aeroplane Division. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee.

MENGIN (L.), 2 Rue Debrousse, Paris. Born 1881. Early experimenter. Flew in 1908 in the Gastambide-Mengin, from which the Antoinette was evolved. Director of the late Antoinette Cie.

MENGIN (L.), 2 Rue Debrousse, Paris. Born 1881. Early experimenter. Flew in 1908 in the Gastambide-Mengin, which led to the development of the Antoinette. Director of the former Antoinette Cie.

MERRIMAN. British. Expert Bristol flyer at Brooklands, etc., 1912. Instructor.

MERRIMAN. British. Skilled Bristol pilot at Brooklands, etc., 1912. Instructor.

MESSNER (Haupt. E.), Claridenstr. 36, Zurich. In command Swiss military aviation section, 1911-12.

MESSNER (Haupt. E.), Claridenstr. 36, Zurich. In charge of the Swiss military aviation section, 1911-12.

MICHELIN (A. J.), 105 Boulevard Periére, Paris. Born 1853. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Director of the well-known tyre manufacturers. Donor of the Michelin prize for aviation. Founder member Ae. C. F.

MICHELIN (A. J.), 105 Boulevard Periére, Paris. Born 1853. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. Director of the well-known tire manufacturers. Donor of the Michelin Prize for aviation. Founding member of the Aé. C. F.

MOEDEBECK (Hermann W. L.) Born 1857. Died 1910. German author on aerial matters.

MOEDEBECK (Hermann W. L.) Born 1857. Died 1910. German author on aerial topics.

MOEDEBECK (Lieut. Col.). German subject. Author of Fliegen de Menschen (Salle), a very useful work on aviation. Also of a Pocket Book of Aeronautics, etc.

MOEDEBECK (Lieut. Col.). German national. Author of Fliegen de Menschen (Salle), a highly useful book on aviation. Also wrote a Pocket Book of Aeronautics, among others.

MOINEAU. Frenchman. In August, 1911, with two passengers made a record on a Breguet, of reaching 900 metres in twenty minutes at Douai.

MOINEAU. Frenchman. In August 1911, with two passengers, he set a record on a Breguet by reaching 900 meters in twenty minutes at Douai.

MOISANT (Miss Matilda). Sister of the late J. M. Moisant. Second American lady to obtain certificate. Used a Moisant.

MOISANT (Miss Matilda). Sister of the late J. M. Moisant. Second American woman to receive a certificate. Used a Moisant.

MOISANT (John). Architect. American citizen, resident in Paris. Invented two monoplanes. In Aug., 1910, flew the Channel with a passenger in a Bleriot. This was the first cross-Channel passenger trip. Killed 1911.

MOISANT (John). Architect. American citizen, living in Paris. Invented two monoplanes. In August 1910, he flew across the Channel with a passenger in a Bleriot. This was the first cross-Channel passenger flight. Died in 1911.

MONTAGU (Lord), of Beaulieu. Editor of The Car Illustrated. Prominent in arousing British interest in aviation.

MONTAGU (Lord), of Beaulieu. Editor of The Car Illustrated. Key figure in generating British interest in aviation.

MONTGOLFIER (Joseph Michael and Jacques Etienne). Frenchmen, who about the year 1780 invented hot air balloons. In 1783, one such, of 35 feet diameter, rose to a height of about 1,500 feet.

MONTGOLFIER (Joseph Michael and Jacques Etienne). Frenchmen who, around 1780, invented hot air balloons. In 1783, one of these balloons, which was 35 feet in diameter, ascended to a height of about 1,500 feet.

MONTGOMERY (John Professor), U.S.A. citizen. Began experiments with gliders in 1884, which he continued till his death by accident with one, on 31st October, 1911, at Evergreen, Santa Clare, California.

MONTGOMERY (John Professor), U.S.A. citizen. Started experimenting with gliders in 1884 and kept it up until his accidental death while testing one on October 31, 1911, in Evergreen, Santa Clara, California.

MOORE BRABAZON (J. T. C.), 29 Chesham St., London, S.W. Born 1884. Originally sporting motorist; winner Circuit des Ardennes, 1907. Took up aviation at an early stage. Bought an early Voisin which he named Bird of Passage. This machine was later sold to A. George, who had a smash in it, and sold it later to Grace. Moore Brabazon was the first Britisher to fly. Pilot I, R. Ae C.

MOORE BRABAZON (J. T. C.), 29 Chesham St., London, S.W. Born in 1884. He started as a motor racing enthusiast and won the Circuit des Ardennes in 1907. He began flying at an early age. He bought an early Voisin which he named Bird of Passage. This aircraft was later sold to A. George, who crashed it, and then it was sold again to Grace. Moore Brabazon was the first British person to fly. Pilot I, R. Ae C.

MOORHOUSE (W. B. R.), Portholme Aerodrome, Huntingdon. British. Has done a good deal of cross country flying, 1911. Part inventor of the Radley-Moorhouse (R. M.) monoplane, 1911.

MOORHOUSE (W. B. R.), Portholme Aerodrome, Huntingdon. British. Has done a lot of cross-country flying, 1911. Co-inventor of the Radley-Moorhouse (R. M.) monoplane, 1911.

MORANE (Leon). Frenchman. Well-known Bleriot pilot. Subsequently built the Morane monoplane. Very badly injured in an accident, Autumn, 1910.

MORANE (Leon). Frenchman. Well-known Bleriot pilot. Later built the Morane monoplane. Seriously injured in an accident, Fall 1910.

MOREAU. French amateur. Inventor of a special stabilised aeroplane.

MOREAU. French hobbyist. Creator of a unique stabilized airplane.

MORIS (Colonel). Commanding Italian air battalion, 1911-13.

MORIS (Colonel). Leader of the Italian air battalion, 1911-13.

NEMETHY (Emil), Arad, Hungary. Born 1867. Built his first effort, a helicopter, in 1899. Has experimented ever since, but without much success. Inventor of the Aviette.

NEMETHY (Emil), Arad, Hungary. Born 1867. Built his first project, a helicopter, in 1899. Has been experimenting ever since, but with limited success. Inventor of the Aviette.

NEUMANN. Germany. Author of various very reliable works on dirigibles.

NEUMANN. Germany. Author of several highly reliable works on airships.

NICKEL (Hugo Ludwig), Kahlenbergerstrasse 97, Vienna. Born 1867. Aerial author and journalist.

NICKEL (Hugo Ludwig), Kahlenbergerstrasse 97, Vienna. Born 1867. Aerial writer and journalist.

NIMFÜHR (Dr. Raimund), Lerchengasse 15, Vienna. Born 1874. Experimentalist 1900 onward. Author.

NIMFÜHR (Dr. Raimund), Lerchengasse 15, Vienna. Born 1874. Experimentalist since 1900. Author.

NORTHCLIFFE (Alfred Charles Harmsworth) Lord. British subject. Founder and proprietor of the "Daily Mail." Donor of many important aviation prizes, including the £10,000 London-to-Manchester prize.

NORTHCLIFFE (Alfred Charles Harmsworth) Lord. British citizen. Founder and owner of the "Daily Mail." Donor of several significant aviation awards, including the £10,000 London-to-Manchester prize.

OERTZ (Max), Holzdamm 40, Hamburg, Germany. Interested in gliders. Connected with German North Pole Dirigible Expedition. Designer of various aeroplanes.

OERTZ (Max), Holzdamm 40, Hamburg, Germany. Interested in gliders. Associated with the German North Pole Dirigible Expedition. Designer of various airplanes.

OGILVIE (A.) Represented Great Britain in both the 1910 and 1911 Gordon Bennetts. Took fourth place in 1911. Average speed, 51 miles per hour. Flew a Wright. In December, 1910, flew for nearly 4 hours on a Wright over the Camber sands; distance being 139¾ miles. Associated with the Wright Brothers experiments at Kitty Hawk, October, 1911.

OGILVIE (A.) represented Great Britain in both the 1910 and 1911 Gordon Bennetts. He came in fourth place in 1911 with an average speed of 51 miles per hour. He flew a Wright. In December 1910, he flew for nearly 4 hours on a Wright over the Camber sands, covering a distance of 139¾ miles. He was involved with the Wright Brothers' experiments at Kitty Hawk in October 1911.

O'GORMAN (Mervyn). Well-known authority on aviation matters, and Superintendent of the Royal Aircraft Factory.

O'GORMAN (Mervyn). Well-known expert on aviation topics and Head of the Royal Aircraft Factory.

OSMONT. Frenchman. Formerly racing cyclist. Did some fine flights at Chalons in 1910. In February, 1911, appointed chief aviation instructor to the Spanish Army.

OSMONT. Frenchman. Former racing cyclist. Completed some impressive flights at Chalons in 1910. In February 1911, he was appointed chief aviation instructor for the Spanish Army.

OTTO (Fried), Hohenstaufeurstrasse 35, Berlin. W. 30. Aerial journalist, etc.

OVINGTON (Earle). U.S.A. aviator. Carried first U.S.A. aerial post, Sept 1911. Winner of many prizes in America.

OVINGTON (Earle). U.S.A. aviator. Carried the first U.S.A. aerial post in September 1911. Winner of numerous prizes in America.

OXLEY. Instructor to the Blackburn School, at Filey, 1911.

OXLEY. Instructor at the Blackburn School, in Filey, 1911.

PAINE (Capt. G. M.) M.V.O., R.N. Commandant of the British Central Flying School at Upavon, Salisbury Plain. Appointed early in 1912.

PARKE (Lieut. Wilfred, R. N.) Started flying in 1910, and made a large number of meritorious performances. Killed in a monoplane at Wembley, December 15th, 1912.

PARKE (Lieut. Wilfred, R. N.) Began flying in 1910 and had many notable achievements. He was killed in a monoplane accident at Wembley on December 15th, 1912.

PARSEVAL (Major Von), late German Army. Inventor of the Parseval type dirigibles and the Parseval monoplane. Leading figure in all aerial matters in Germany. (See Part A.)

PARSEVAL (Major Von), deceased German Army. Inventor of the Parseval type dirigibles and the Parseval monoplane. Key figure in all aviation-related matters in Germany. (See Part A.)

PATERSON (Compton). British aviator. Liverpool Motor House, Ltd., Liverpool. Designed a successful machine in 1909. Also flies Farmans. Designed new machine 1911.

PATERSON (Compton). British pilot. Liverpool Motor House, Ltd., Liverpool. Created a successful aircraft in 1909. Also flies Farmans. Designed a new aircraft in 1911.

PATIALA (Maharajah of). In December, 1910, purchased a Bleriot and a Voisin. Member of the R. Ae. C.

PATIALA (Maharajah of). In December 1910, purchased a Bleriot and a Voisin. Member of the R. Ae. C.

PAGNY. French. Designer of Hanriots, 1913.

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PAULHAN (Louis). Frenchman. Born 1883. Served afloat as a boy. Later served with the late Col. Renard; also with the late Captain Ferber. In 1907 was with Surcouf. In his spare time he made models. In 1909 he won a Voisin biplane, given as prize for the best model in France, and rapidly came to the front. In 1910 he won the Daily Mail £10,000 prize for the London to Manchester flight. Numerous other prizes have been won by him. Took up construction in 1911 without much success till in 1912 he took over French, etc., agency for Curtiss hydros.

PAULHAN (Louis). Frenchman. Born 1883. Served at sea as a boy. Later worked with the late Col. Renard; also with the late Captain Ferber. In 1907, he was with Surcouf. In his spare time, he built models. In 1909, he won a Voisin biplane, awarded for the best model in France, and quickly rose to prominence. In 1910, he won the Daily Mail £10,000 prize for the London to Manchester flight. He has won numerous other prizes. He began construction in 1911 but didn't have much success until 1912 when he took over the French, etc., agency for Curtiss hydros.

PEQUET (H.) Frenchman. Certificated June, 1910. Flew a Humber-Sommer in India, where he conveyed the first officially recognised aerial post at Allahabad.

PEQUET (H.) Frenchman. Certified June, 1910. Flew a Humber-Sommer in India, where he delivered the first officially recognized aerial mail in Allahabad.

PERRIN (H.) British. Secretary of the R. Aero Club.

PERRIN (H.) British. Secretary of the Royal Aero Club.

PERRY (Ida), Metropol Theater, Berlin. German actress, who has gone in for aviation.

PERRY (Ida), Metropol Theater, Berlin. German actress who has pursued aviation.

PFITZNER (late Lieut. Alexander L.) Hungarian. Born 1875. Served in the Austro-Hungarian Artillery. Leaving the Army he went to the U.S.A. and became connected with the Herring-Curtiss work, designing the novel Pfitzner monoplane. He met many mishaps with this, which depressed him. He returned to Hungary early in 1910, but meeting no success there came back to America. Drowned in Marblehead Harbour, 12th July, 1910.

PFITZNER (late Lieut. Alexander L.) Hungarian. Born in 1875. Served in the Austro-Hungarian Artillery. After leaving the Army, he moved to the U.S.A. and got involved with the Herring-Curtiss project, where he designed the innovative Pfitzner monoplane. He faced many setbacks with this, which affected him deeply. He returned to Hungary in early 1910, but after finding no success there, he went back to America. Drowned in Marblehead Harbour, July 12, 1910.

PHILLIPS (Horatio F.), Wealdstone, Harrow. Pioneer experimenter. Discoverer of the "dipping front edge," patented by him 1884 and 1891. ("Philips' entry.") Leading authority on aviation subjects.

PHILLIPS (Horatio F.), Wealdstone, Harrow. Pioneer experimenter. Discoverer of the "dipping front edge," which he patented in 1884 and 1891. ("Philips' entry.") Leading authority on aviation topics.

PICKLES (Sydney). Australian. Chief pilot at the Ewen school at Hendon, 1912.

PICKLES (Sydney). Australian. Head pilot at the Ewen school in Hendon, 1912.

PICHAN (Court). Early French experimenter. Flew a flapper model 1889.

PICHAN (Court). Early French experimenter. Flew a flapper model in 1889.

PICOLLO (late Jules). Brazilian aviator. Killed December 28th, 1910.

PICOLLO (late Jules). Brazilian pilot. Died December 28, 1910.

PIERRE (Petit). Frenchman. The late secretary of Bleriot School at Hendon. Assassinated at Hendon, August, 1911, by a Swiss pupil named Hanot, who went insane at not learning to fly so quickly as he had expected.

PIERRE (Petit). Frenchman. The former secretary of Bleriot School at Hendon. Killed at Hendon, August, 1911, by a Swiss student named Hanot, who lost his mind after not learning to fly as quickly as he had expected.

PILCHER (late Percy S.) Born 1866. British naval engineer. Commenced glider experiments, 1895, on Lilieuthal lines. Designed a power machine in 1899, but was killed in glider experiments before it was completed.

PILCHER (late Percy S.) Born 1866. British naval engineer. Started glider experiments in 1895, based on Lilieuthal principles. Designed a power machine in 1899 but died during glider experiments before it was finished.

PIXTON (H.) British R. Ae. C. pilot 50. Qualified at Brooklands, January, 1911, on a triplane. Has since done some very fine flights on an Avro, taking various prizes.

PIXTON (H.) British R. Ae. C. pilot 50. Qualified at Brooklands, January 1911, on a triplane. Has since completed some impressive flights on an Avro, winning several prizes.

PISCHOFF (Alfred de), 12 Rue Amiral de Joinville, Paris. In conjunction with Koechlin was a pioneer of French aviation. In December, 1907, he flew a kilometre on a biplane. His earliest machine was practically a large box kite with a motor fitted. In 1910 produced a monoplane of his own design. He is an Austrian resident in France.

PISCHOFF (Alfred de), 12 Rue Amiral de Joinville, Paris. Together with Koechlin, he was a pioneer of French aviation. In December 1907, he flew a kilometer on a biplane. His first aircraft was essentially a large box kite with a motor attached. In 1910, he created a monoplane of his own design. He is an Austrian living in France.

POPPER (Josef). Austrian. Concerned with aviation, etc., ever since 1872.

POPPER (Josef). Austrian. Interested in aviation and related fields since 1872.

POLLOCK (C. F.) Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

POLLOCK (C. F.) Major advocate for aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.

PONNIER. Frenchman. Director of the Hanriot Company.

PONNIER. French. Director of the Hanriot Company.

PRANDTL (Dr. Ludwig). Prinz Albertstrasse 20, Göttinger, Germany. Born 1875. Leading Figure in German aerial circles. Connected with the Parseval design.

PRANDTL (Dr. Ludwig). Prinz Albertstrasse 20, Göttingen, Germany. Born 1875. A prominent figure in German aviation. Associated with the Parseval design.

PREVOST (M.) French. Created world's record on December 2nd, 1911, by reaching a height of 9,800 feet at Rheims.

PREVOST (M.) French. Set a world record on December 2nd, 1911, by reaching an altitude of 9,800 feet in Rheims.

PRIER (Pierre). Made London-Paris in 3 hours, 56 minutes, 12th April, 1911. Designer to the Bristol Co., 1911.

PRIER (Pierre). Completed the London-Paris route in 3 hours, 56 minutes, on April 12, 1911. Designer for the Bristol Co., 1911.

QUEROZ (the late). Brazilian. Killed at S. Paulo, June, 1911, in a monoplane of his own design.

QUEROZ (the late). Brazilian. Killed in São Paulo, June 1911, in a monoplane he designed himself.

QUIMBY (Miss Harriet). Mineola, U.S.A. First American lady to qualify for aviator certificate, 1st August, 1911. Used a Moisant. Killed 1912.

QUIMBY (Miss Harriet). Mineola, U.S.A. First American woman to earn an aviator certificate, August 1, 1911. Used a Moisant. Died in 1912.

QUOIKA (Haupt. Emanuel), Margarethenstrasse 16, Vienna. Aeronaut from 1904. Now aviator and writer on subject.

QUOIKA (Haupt. Emanuel), Margarethenstrasse 16, Vienna. Aero enthusiast since 1904. Currently an aviator and writer on the topic.

RADLEY (James). Well-known British aviator, flying a Bleriot. Patented a special wing. Represented Great Britain in the 1910 Gordon Bennett. At Lanark, 1910, broke the world's then speed record, and did 75 miles per hour. Pilot R. Ae. C. 12, June 14th, 1910. August, 1911, flew the Channel in 22 minutes; Calais to Folkestone. Subsequently embarked on construction.

RADLEY (James). A well-known British pilot who flew a Bleriot. He patented a special wing design. He represented Great Britain in the 1910 Gordon Bennett race. In Lanark, 1910, he broke the world speed record at that time, reaching 75 miles per hour. Pilot R. Ae. C. 12, June 14th, 1910. In August 1911, he flew across the Channel in 22 minutes, from Calais to Folkestone. He later started working on aircraft construction.

RAYNHAM (F. R.) British subject. Flew 7 hours, 30 mins. competing for the Michelin Cup. Used an Avro fitted with a 60 horse Green.

RAYNHAM (F. R.) British citizen. Flew for 7 hours and 30 minutes competing for the Michelin Cup. Used an Avro equipped with a 60-horsepower Green engine.

REISSNER (Dr. Ing. Hans), Lutticherstrasse 166, Aachen. Born 1874. Professor on matters aerial.

REISSNER (Dr. Ing. Hans), Lutticherstrasse 166, Aachen. Born 1874. Professor of aeronautics.

RELTICH. French. Cyclist who succeeded in getting an avietter to fly one metre, October, 1912. Won the Dubos prize.

RELTICH. French. Cyclist who managed to get an aviator to fly one meter, October, 1912. Won the Dubos prize.

RENARD (late Colonel). In association with Krebs built a dirigible in 1884, with electric motor. Killed.

RENARD (late Colonel). Together with Krebs, he built a dirigible in 1884 that used an electric motor. Killed.

RENARD (Commandant Paul), 41 Rue Madame, Paris. Born 1854. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Brother of late Col. Renard, with whom he worked. Vice-President, Ligue Nat. Aerienne. Professor Ecole Sup. d'Aeronautique. Has written a good deal on aerial subjects.

RENARD (Commandant Paul), 41 Rue Madame, Paris. Born 1854. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Brother of the late Colonel Renard, with whom he collaborated. Vice-President, Ligue Nationale Aérienne. Professor at the Ecole Supérieure d'Aéronautique. Has written extensively on aerial topics.

RENAUX. Did 12 hours 12 minutes on a M. Farman, 7th August, 1911. (690 k.m.) Won the Quentin Bauchart Prize, 1911.

RENAUX. Completed 12 hours and 12 minutes on a M. Farman on August 7, 1911. (690 km.) Won the Quentin Bauchart Prize in 1911.

RENAUX. French aviator. Winner of the Grand Prix Michelin, March, 1911, Paris, to top of the Puy de Dome. Machine, Maurice Farman.

RENAUX. French pilot. Winner of the Grand Prix Michelin, March 1911, Paris, to the top of the Puy de Dome. Aircraft, Maurice Farman.

RICHET. French patron of early aviation experiments, 1896. Tatin built a large model machine for him in those days, which after a 150 yard flight fell into the sea and was lost.

RICHET. French supporter of early aviation experiments, 1896. Tatin built a large model aircraft for him back then, which after a 150-yard flight crashed into the sea and was lost.

RIDGE (Theodore). Assistant Superintendent of the Army Aircraft Factory. Killed on August 21st, 1911.

RIDGE (Theodore). Assistant Superintendent of the Army Aircraft Factory. Killed on August 21, 1911.

ROBINSON (Hugh). Well-known U.S.A. aviator.

ROBINSON (Hugh). Famous U.S. aviator.

ROBL (late Thaddeus). German aviator. Killed on a Farman, 1910, through attempting to fly in unpropitious weather in order to allay the complaints of sightseers. Has been designated the "first martyr of aviation"—not without some cause.

ROBL (late Thaddeus). German pilot. Died in a Farman in 1910 while trying to fly in bad weather to satisfy the complaints of spectators. He is referred to as the "first martyr of aviation"—not without reason.

RODGERS (C. P.) U.S.A. aviator. Wright. In September-October, 1911, he flew across America, distance 4,321 miles. He started to win the Hirst prize of £10,000, but having taken longer than 30 days was disqualified.

RODGERS (C. P.) U.S.A. aviator. Wright. In September-October, 1911, he flew across America, covering a distance of 4,321 miles. He aimed to win the Hirst prize of £10,000, but since he took longer than 30 days, he was disqualified.

ROE (A. V.) Clifton St., Miles Platting, Manchester. Was the first man to fly in England, and also the first to fly an all-British machine. Is a persistent experimenter on original lines. Has flown with as little as 9 h.p. in one of his triplanes. Now builds mono. and biplanes (Avro).

ROE (A. V.) Clifton St., Miles Platting, Manchester. He was the first person to fly in England and also the first to fly an all-British aircraft. He is a determined innovator. He has flown with as little as 9 h.p. in one of his triplanes. He now builds monoplanes and biplanes (Avro).

ROEHRIG (B. F.) U.S.A. aviator. Obtained wide reputation with Curtiss types on Pacific Coast.

ROEHRIG (B. F.) U.S.A. aviator. Gained a strong reputation with Curtiss planes on the Pacific Coast.

ROGER, 8 Rue Grange-Batelière, Paris. Founder and editor of Revue de l'Aviation.

ROGUES (General). French Army. Inspector General Military Aeronautics, 1911.

ROLLS (late Hon. C.) Well-known British sportsman, motorist, and aviator. First Englishman to order an aeroplane—a Wright. Flew the Channel both ways early in 1910 (first record). Killed at Bournemouth, July, 1910, in a Wright.

ROLLS (late Hon. C.) A famous British athlete, driver, and pilot. He was the first Englishman to order an airplane—a Wright. He flew across the Channel in both directions early in 1910 (first record). He died in Bournemouth in July 1910 while flying a Wright.

RUCK (Major-General), C.B., R.E. Chairman of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain.

RUSSIJAN. Austrian aviator. Killed January 9th, 1911.

RUSSIJAN. Austrian pilot. Died January 9, 1911.

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SALMET (Henri). French. Born 1878. Made British height record, 8,070 feet, November, 1911. Made record London-Paris flight, March, 1912. Time: 3 hours, 14 minutes.

SALMET (Henri). French. Born 1878. Set British height record, 8,070 feet, November 1911. Achieved record London-Paris flight, March 1912. Time: 3 hours, 14 minutes.

SAMPSON (Lieut.) British Navy. On August 17th, 1911, made British flight duration record to date, 4 hours 58½ minutes, at Eastchurch on a Short 38. Now Acting-Commander. Employed by Naval Wing, R.F.C.

SAMPSON (Lieut.) British Navy. On August 17, 1911, set the British flight duration record to date of 4 hours 58½ minutes at Eastchurch on a Short 38. Now Acting-Commander. Working with Naval Wing, R.F.C.

SAMUELSON (Arnold), Hamburg Waterworks, Germany. Born 1837. Writer on aerial matters.

SAMUELSON (Arnold), Hamburg Waterworks, Germany. Born 1837. Author on aerial topics.

SANTOS-DUMONT (Alberto), 150 Avenue des Champs-Elysees, Paris. Brazilian, of French descent. Born 1873. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Took up ballooning at an early age. He was the first to use a petrol motor in a balloon. In 1900 the fifth dirigible constructed by him crossed the Seine. On Oct. 19th, 1901, in No. 6, he circled the Eiffel Tower and won the 100,000 franc Deutsch prize. In 1906 he became interested in heavier than air machines, and began on a helicopter. Abandoning this he built a box kite type of aeroplane, and on October 23rd, 1906, won the Archdeacon prize for a heavier than air flight of not less than 25 metres. Thereafter, comparatively little was heard of him, except that he was experimenting with the Demoiselle, till in 1909 he made a record on this type—the designs of which he presented to the world. Has not been prominent since.

SANTOS-DUMONT (Alberto), 150 Avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris. Brazilian, of French descent. Born in 1873. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Began ballooning at a young age. He was the first to use a petrol engine in a balloon. In 1900, his fifth dirigible crossed the Seine. On October 19, 1901, in No. 6, he flew around the Eiffel Tower and won the 100,000 franc Deutsch prize. In 1906, he became interested in heavier-than-air machines and started working on a helicopter. After that, he built a box kite-style airplane and on October 23, 1906, won the Archdeacon prize for a heavier-than-air flight of at least 25 meters. Afterward, not much was heard from him, except that he was experimenting with the Demoiselle, until in 1909 he set a record with this type, the designs of which he presented to the world. He has not been very active since then.

SCHABSKY (Athanasius Ivanovitch). Russian. Builder of the Outchebny type dirigible.

SCHABSKY (Athanasius Ivanovitch). Russian. Creator of the Outchebny type airship.

SCHIERE, J. Aeronautical engineer. Stephonsonstraat 41, The Hague, Holland. Librarian Dutch Ae. C.

SCHIERE, J. Aeronautical engineer. Stephonsonstraat 41, The Hague, Netherlands. Librarian Dutch Ae. C.

SCHÜTTE (Prof. Johann), Jäschkenthal 47b, Danzig-Langfukr, Danzig, Germany. Born 1873. Designer of the Schütte dirigible.

SCHWANN (Commander Oliver). British Navy. Navy Air Dept., 1912-13. In 1911, conducted a number of hydro-aeroplane experiments.

SCHWANN (Commander Oliver). British Navy. Navy Air Dept., 1912-13. In 1911, he conducted several hydro-aeroplane experiments.

SCRAGG (Geo. H.), American citizen, 19-21, Great Queen Street, Kingsway, London, W.C. European correspondent of American Aeronautics.

SCRAGG (Geo. H.), American citizen, 19-21 Great Queen Street, Kingsway, London, W.C. European correspondent for American Aeronautics.

SELLERS (M.B.) (See U.S. aeroplanes)

SELLERS (M.B.) (See U.S. planes)

SELLS (Chas. de Grave), La Colombara, Cornigliano-Ligure, Italy. British. A leading authority on all matters having to do with engineering. Also a writer on these subjects. Authority on matters having to do with aviation in Italy.

SELLS (Chas. de Grave), La Colombara, Cornigliano-Ligure, Italy. British. A top expert on all things related to engineering. Also a writer on these topics. Specialist in aviation issues in Italy.

SHAFFER (Cleve T.) American citizen. West Coast correspondent to Aeronautics (U.S.A.) Writer on aerial subjects generally.

SHAFFER (Cleve T.) American citizen. West Coast correspondent for Aeronautics (U.S.A.) Writer on aviation topics in general.

SIMON (Rene). August 18th, 1911, tied with Sopwith for the world's Climbing speed at Chicago; 500 metres in 3' 35".

SIMON (Rene). August 18, 1911, shared the world record for climbing speed with Sopwith in Chicago; 500 meters in 3 minutes 35 seconds.

SMITH (H. White). British. Secretary to the Bristol Co.

SMITH (H. White). British. Secretary for Bristol Company.

SOMMER (Roger) Mouzon, Ardennes, France. Born 1877. Early interested in aviation. In 1908 built a machine of his own design. This was a failure. He then bought one of the first Farman's, on which he rapidly achieved success. Towards the end of 1909 he produced the Sommer biplane.

SOMMER (Roger) Mouzon, Ardennes, France. Born 1877. Early interest in aviation. In 1908, he built a machine of his own design, but it failed. He then bought one of the first Farman's, where he quickly found success. By the end of 1909, he produced the Sommer biplane.

SOPWITH (T.) British. Won the Baron de Forest prize on a Howard Wright, 1910. Also won many other prizes in England and America. 19th August, 1911, tied with Simon, world's climbing speed—500 metres in 3' 35"—at Chicago. Now a constructor.

SOPWITH (T.) British. Won the Baron de Forest prize on a Howard Wright, 1910. Also won many other prizes in England and America. On August 19, 1911, tied with Simon for the world’s climbing speed—500 meters in 3 minutes 35 seconds—at Chicago. Now a builder.

SPENCER (Stanley). Early British dirigible builder (1902). Died 1913.

SPENCER (Stanley). Early British airship manufacturer (1902). Died 1913.

SPOONER (Stanley), 41 St. Martin's Lane, W.C. Editor of Flight. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of R. Ae. C. Committee.

SPOONER (Stanley), 41 St. Martin's Lane, W.C. Editor of Flight. Well-known advocate for aviation. Member of R. Ae. C. Committee.

STEIN (Lieut.) German aviator. Killed at Doerlitz, February 6th, 1911.

STEIN (Lieut.) German pilot. Died in Doerlitz, February 6, 1911.

STRINGFELLOW. British. A very early experimenter. In 1868 he evolved a triplane model.

STRINGFELLOW. British. A very early experimenter. In 1868, he developed a triplane model.

SUETER (Capt. R. N.) British. In command of British Navy dirigible section, 1911. Admiralty Air Dept., 1912-13.

SUETER (Capt. R. N.) British. In charge of the British Navy dirigible section, 1911. Admiralty Air Department, 1912-13.

SURCOUF (Edward Louis), 33 Boulevard Lannes, Paris. Born 1862. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Secretary Com. Sport Ae. C. F. Sec. Com. Aerienne Mixte. Director of the Astra Societé. Constructor of the majority of French dirigibles.

SURCOUF (Edward Louis), 33 Boulevard Lannes, Paris. Born 1862. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Secretary Com. Sport Ae. C. F. Sec. Com. Aerienne Mixte. Director of the Astra Society. Builder of most French dirigibles.

SWANN (Rev. Sydney), The Vicarage, Crosby Ravensworth, Westmoreland, England. First clerical aviator. Ceased.

SYKES (Major F. H.) Officer Commandant in Charge of Records, Royal Flying Corps, Military Wing.

SYKES (Major F. H.) Officer Commanding in Charge of Records, Royal Flying Corps, Military Wing.

TABUTEAU. French aviator. Winner of the Michelin Trophy.

TABUTEAU. French pilot. Winner of the Michelin Trophy.

TADDEOLI. Swiss. First Swiss to obtain an aviator's certificate, which he did on a Dufaux, October, 1910. Badly injured at Lausanne, June, 1911, during exhibition flights. 1912, built a hydro-aeroplane.

TADDEOLI. Swiss. First Swiss person to get an aviator's certificate, which he earned on a Dufaux in October 1910. He was seriously injured in Lausanne in June 1911 during exhibition flights. In 1912, he built a hydro-aeroplane.

TATIN (Victor), 14 Rue de la Folie-Reynault, Paris. Chev Leg. d'Hon. Born 1843. Commenced heavier than air experiments so long ago as 1879, when he made an aeroplane driven by compressed air. Designed the Ville de Paris. Had a good deal to do with the Bleriot in its early days. In 1909 designed the Clement-Bayard monoplane. Associated with Paulhan in 1911. Writes on all aerial subjects.

TATIN (Victor), 14 Rue de la Folie-Reynault, Paris. Chev Leg. d'Hon. Born 1843. Started heavy-aircraft experiments back in 1879 when he created an airplane powered by compressed air. Designed the Ville de Paris. Was significantly involved with the Bleriot in its early days. In 1909, he designed the Clement-Bayard monoplane. Worked with Paulhan in 1911. Writes about all things aerial.

TAYLOR (Vincent P.) Australian subject. Well-known aeronaut, using the nom de plume of Capt. Penfold. In 1912 went in for aeroplaning, using a Bristol.

TAYLOR (Vincent P.) Australian. Well-known aviator, using the pen name Capt. Penfold. In 1912, he got into flying, using a Bristol.

TISSANDIER (Gaston). French Pioneer aeronaut. Made an electrically-propelled dirigible in 1881. Born 1843. Died 1899.

TISSANDIER (Gaston). French pioneer in aviation. Created an electrically-powered airship in 1881. Born in 1843. Died in 1899.

TISSANDIER (Paul), 17 Avenue Victor Hugo, Paris. Son of Gaston Tissandier. Born 1881. Instructor of aviation. Taught many of the best known aviators.

TISSANDIER (Paul), 17 Avenue Victor Hugo, Paris. Son of Gaston Tissandier. Born 1881. Aviation instructor. Taught many of the most famous aviators.

TURNBULL (W. R.) American Engineer. In the year 1906 commenced to experiment with hydro-aeroplanes; and may be regarded as the originator of all experiments in this direction. The French Gabardine of much later date did not differ materially from his early models, while the more recent Fabre and the successful Curtiss Triad embodied similar ideas.

TURNBULL (W. R.) American Engineer. In 1906, he started experimenting with hydro-aeroplanes and can be seen as the pioneer of all experiments in this area. The French Gabardine, created much later, was not significantly different from his early models, while the more recent Fabre and the successful Curtiss Triad incorporated similar concepts.

TURNER (Charles E.) Authority on aviation matters, special aerial correspondent of the Observer, etc.

TURNER (Charles E.) Expert on aviation topics, special aerial correspondent for the Observer, etc.

TURNER (Lewis W. F.) British. Chief pilot of the Ewen School, 1912.

TWINING (S. Frisco). Cal. U.S.A. Experimenter with flappers, man propelled, from 1910 onward.

TWINING (S. Frisco). Cal. U.S.A. Experimenter with flappers, human-powered, from 1910 onward.

USBORNE (Lieut. Neville F.), R.N. First British naval officer detailed for aerial work. Was appointed to Clement-Bayard II in 1909, and subsequently to the first Naval Dirigible. 1912, Naval Wing, R.F.C.

USBORNE (Lieut. Neville F.), R.N. First British naval officer assigned to aerial work. Was appointed to Clement-Bayard II in 1909, and later to the first Naval Dirigible. 1912, Naval Wing, R.F.C.

VANNIMAN (Melvin). Built the gondola of the first Wellman airship, and intimately concerned with Wellman II. Also designed a triplane 1908. Designed Akron, 1911. Killed 1911.

VANNIMAN (Melvin). He built the gondola for the first Wellman airship and was closely involved with Wellman II. He also designed a triplane in 1908 and created the Akron in 1911. He was killed in 1911.

[Pg 11d]

VEDRINES. French. Second in the Daily Mail £10,000 prize, 1911, in a Morane. Won Paris-Madrid, 1911. One of the best known aviators. Began life as a mechanic.

VEDRINES. French. Second place in the Daily Mail £10,000 prize, 1911, flying a Morane. Won the Paris-Madrid race in 1911. One of the most famous aviators. Started out as a mechanic.

VIVALDI (late Lieut.) Italian naval officer. Killed in a M. Farman, August, 1910.

VIVALDI (late Lieut.) Italian naval officer. Killed in a M. Farman, August 1910.

VOISIN (Charles), 34 Quai du Point du Tour, Billancourt (Seine), France. Born 1882. Director of Voisin Freres. Flew the Delagrange I. in 1906. Induced H. Farman to be interested in aviation.

VOISIN (Charles), 34 Quai du Point du Tour, Billancourt (Seine), France. Born 1882. Director of Voisin Freres. Flew the Delagrange I. in 1906. Encouraged H. Farman to take an interest in aviation.

VOISIN (Gabriel). Brother of above. Born 1880. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Director of Voisin Freres. Commenced to study aviation in 1902 with Archdeacon. Experimented with gliders. Founded Voisin Freres in 1903. Designer of the Voisin biplane. Killed 1912 in a motor accident.

VOISIN (Gabriel). Brother of the above. Born in 1880. Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. Director of Voisin Freres. Started studying aviation in 1902 with Archdeacon. Experimented with gliders. Founded Voisin Freres in 1903. Designer of the Voisin biplane. Died in 1912 in a car accident.

VUIA. French pioneer, who with a machine somewhat like a Demoiselle, flew 6 yards in 1906 and 60 yards in 1907.

VUIA. French pioneer who, with a machine similar to a Demoiselle, flew 6 yards in 1906 and 60 yards in 1907.

WALDEN (Dr.). U.S. citizen. Badly hurt, 1910, in a machine of his own design, but not killed as reported. (See U.S. aeroplanes.)

WALDEN (Dr.). U.S. citizen. Seriously injured in 1910 while operating a machine he designed, but he was not killed as initially reported. (See U.S. airplanes.)

WALSH (C.F.) American aviator. Winner of various trophies on a Curtiss.

WALSH (C.F.) American pilot. Winner of several trophies on a Curtiss.

WARCHOLOWSKY. Austrian aviator. On October 30th, 1911, made world's record to date by flying 45 minutes with three passengers.

WARCHOLOWSKY. Austrian pilot. On October 30, 1911, he set a world record by flying for 45 minutes with three passengers.

WEILLER (Lazare), 36 Rue de la Bienfaisance, Paris. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Head of the syndicate which in 1908 was responsible for Wilbur Wright coming to France.

WEILLER (Lazare), 36 Rue de la Bienfaisance, Paris. Officer of the Legion of Honor. Head of the syndicate that was responsible for Wilbur Wright coming to France in 1908.

WEISS (José). British subject. Pioneer experimenter in aviation. The starting stage used by him for early glider experiments is still to be seen near Arundel Castle, Sussex. Much of our knowledge as to the distribution of weights is due to him.

WEISS (José). British citizen. A pioneering experimenter in aviation. The launching site he used for his early glider experiments can still be seen near Arundel Castle, Sussex. A lot of what we know about how weights are distributed comes from him.

WELLMAN. An American who hoped to reach the North Pole by dirigible. His first ship came to grief at Spitzbergen. In Oct., he attempted a cross-Atlantic voyage, but failed. (See Vanniman).

WELLMAN. An American who aimed to reach the North Pole by airship. His first craft met with disaster at Spitzbergen. In October, he tried to make a transatlantic journey, but didn't succeed. (See Vanniman).

WEYMANN (C). American. Won the 1911 Gordon Bennett on a Nieuport. Average speed, 78 miles per hour.

WHEELER (R.F.) British Navy. As naval cadet at the age of 15 he obtained his pilot certificate at the Bristol School.

WHEELER (R.F.) British Navy. As a naval cadet at 15, he earned his pilot certificate at the Bristol School.

WHITE (Sir George, Bart. LL.D. J.P.) Founder and Chairman of the British and Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd. President of the Bristol and West of England Ae. C.

WHITE (Sir George, Bart. LL.D. J.P.) Founder and Chairman of the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, Ltd. President of the Bristol and West of England Aero Club.

WIDMER. Austrian aviator. In October, 1911, made a flight over the Adriatic, Venice to Triest.

WIDMER. Austrian pilot. In October 1911, he flew over the Adriatic from Venice to Trieste.

WILLOWS (E.T.) Cardiff, Wales. British Airship pilot 4. Inventor of the Willows airship. Patentee swivelling propellers. Started a dirigible school, 1913.

WILLOWS (E.T.) Cardiff, Wales. British airship pilot 4. Inventor of the Willows airship. Patented swiveling propellers. Started a dirigible school in 1913.

WISEMAN (Fred T.) American aviator. Flies his own type machine. Has made sensational flights delivering newspapers at farmhouses, April, 1911, also letters.

WISEMAN (Fred T.) American aviator. Flies his own type of aircraft. Has made remarkable flights delivering newspapers to farmhouses, April 1911, as well as letters.

WRIGHT (Howard). See HOWARD WRIGHT.

HOWARD WRIGHT. See HOWARD WRIGHT.

WRIGHTS (the) (Orville and Wilbur), 7 Hawthorn Street, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A. Chevs. Leg. d'Hon. In 1896 the Brothers Wright began to study aerial flight. In 1900 they were making glides. In 1903 they first fitted a motor, and on December 17th of that year made a power flight of about 250 yards. Reports of this were received with incredulity, and right up to July, 1908, when Wilbur Wright appeared in France, many people still regarded the Wrights as a myth. Wilbur Wright easily beat the French machines in circling, etc. He won the Michelin Cup, being up 2 h. 20 m. 23-1/3 sec. Distance 76½ miles official record. Actual, estimated at 93 miles. The exploits of Wilbur Wright put aviation on quite a new footing. Since 1908 the Wright type has been surpassed by others; but to the Wrights will always belong the credit of having made a decided step in the science. Wilbur died of typhoid, 1911.

WRIGHTS (the) (Orville and Wilbur), 7 Hawthorn Street, Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A. Chevs. Leg. d'Hon. In 1896, the Wright brothers began studying aerial flight. By 1900, they were gliding. In 1903, they added a motor, and on December 17th that year, they made a powered flight of about 250 yards. Reports of this were met with disbelief, and right up until July 1908, when Wilbur Wright showed up in France, many people still viewed the Wrights as a myth. Wilbur easily outperformed French machines in circling and other maneuvers. He won the Michelin Cup, staying up for 2 hours, 20 minutes, and 23-1/3 seconds, covering a distance of 76½ miles officially, with the actual distance estimated at 93 miles. Wilbur Wright's achievements significantly advanced aviation. Since 1908, the Wright type has been surpassed by others, but the Wrights will always be credited with making a significant breakthrough in the science. Wilbur died from typhoid in 1911.

WYNMALEN (Henri). Dutch. Reached 9,121 feet in a Farman in 1910, and was then compelled to descend because after 8,000 feet blood oozed from his finger nails and lips. Ae.C.F. pilot 208, 27th August, 1910. Has made many famous flights.

WYNMALEN (Henri). Dutch. Reached 9,121 feet in a Farman in 1910, and then had to descend because after 8,000 feet, blood started to ooze from his fingernails and lips. Ae.C.F. pilot 208, 27th August, 1910. Has completed many famous flights.

ZENS (Ernest), 3 Rue la Boétie, Paris. Born 1878. Pioneer aviator. On committee of Ae. C. F. First passenger in an aeroplane (carried by Wilbur Wright, 6th September, 1908). Built a monoplane, 1912.

ZENS (Ernest), 3 Rue la Boétie, Paris. Born 1878. Pioneering aviator. On the committee of Ae. C. F. First passenger in an airplane (carried by Wilbur Wright, September 6, 1908). Built a monoplane in 1912.

ZEPPELIN (Count). The first Zeppelin dirigible was tried in 1900 on Lake Constance. It made a small speed against a 12-16 m.p.h. wind. It also circled. The experiments exhausted the Count's resources until 1905. Details of this and later Zeppelins will be found on the German dirigible pages in Part A.

ZEPPELIN (Count). The first Zeppelin airship was tested in 1900 on Lake Constance. It managed a bit of speed against a 12-16 m.p.h. wind. It also made turns. The experiments drained the Count's finances until 1905. Details about this and later Zeppelins can be found on the German airship pages in Part A.

[Pg 12d]

CARBURETTERS.

AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN.

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN.

DENES FRIEDMANN, 11 Mitterbergasse, Vienna, XVIII.

BELGIAN.

DASSE (G.), 49 Rue David, Verviers

DASSE (G.), 49 David Street, Verviers

FAGARD (J.) & Cie, 7 Rue Bouille, Liege, (Sthénos).

FAGARD (J.) & Cie, 7 Rue Bouille, Liège, (Sthénos).

BRITISH.

BROWN & BARLOW, Ltd., 16 Loveday Street, Birmingham

BROWN & Barlow, Ltd., 16 Loveday Street, Birmingham

BURGESS (W. H. M.), 40 Glasshouse Street, London, W. (White & Poppe).

CARBURATION, Ltd., 85 Fleet Street, London, E.C.

CARBURATION, Ltd., 85 Fleet Street, London, EC1

CLAUDEL-HOBSON, 29 Vauxhall Bridge Rd., London, S.W.

CLAUDEL-HOBSON, 29 Vauxhall Bridge Rd., London, SW.

DAVIS PARAFFIN CARBURETTER Co., London

Davis Parafin Carburetor Co., London

FENESTRE, CADISCHE & Co., 17 Harp Lane, London, E.C.

MOSELEY MOTOR WORKS, Birmingham

Moseley Motor Works, Birmingham

SCOTT, ROBINSON, 3 Great Winchester St., London, E.C.

TRIER & MARTIN, Ltd., Trinity Works, New Church Road, Camberwell, London, S.E. (T.M.)

TRIER & MARTIN, Ltd., Trinity Works, New Church Road, Camberwell, London, S.E. (T.M.)

WAILES (George) & Co., 386-8, Euston Road, London, N.W. (S.U.)

WHITE & POPPE, Ltd., Lockhurst Lane, Coventry

WOODNUTT & Co., St. Helens, I.W.

FRENCH.

AMOUDRUZ, 24 Rue d' Armaillé, Paris. (Carburateurs "R.V." et "l' Econome").

AMOUDRUZ, 24 Rue d'Armaillé, Paris. (Carburetors "R.V." and "l'Econome").

ASTER (Société de Construction Mécaniques (L')), 74, Rue de la Victoire, Paris

ASTER (Mechanical Construction Company), 74, Rue de la Victoire, Paris

AUFIERE (Ch.), 95 Rue de Flandre, Paris

BARIQUAND & MARRE (Société), 127 de Oberkampf, Paris

BARIQUAND & MARRE (Company), 127 Oberkampf, Paris

BELLAN ET FRANTZ, 137 Avenue de Villiers, Paris. ("Le Va-Partout.")

BOURRIENNE, 18 Impasse Amelot, Paris

BREUZIN (Ed.) FILS, 26-28 Rue Morand, Paris

BRIEST, 119 Rue de Rennes, Nantes

BROUSSET (F.), 5 Rue Leprince, Nogent-sur-Marne. ("Normal" & "Lion").

CAILLETTE ET NARÇON, 29 Rue de la Plaine, Paris

CAILLETTE AND NARÇON, 29 Rue de la Plaine, Paris

CHARRON, Ltd., 7 Rue Ampère, Puteaux

CHARRON, Ltd., 7 Ampère Street, Puteaux

CLAUDEL (Henri), 41 Rue des Arts, Levallois-Perret

CLAUDEL (Henri), 41 Arts Street, Levallois-Perret

CLERC & QUANTIN, 21 Rue Tandou, Paris

CLERC & QUANTIN, 21 Tandou Street, Paris

COTTIN & DESGOUTTES, Place de Bachut, Lyon

EMMEL (A.), 278 Boulevard Raspail, Paris

EVENS, NOLO & Cie, 150, Avenue St-Ouen, Paris

EVENS, NOLO & Co., 150 Avenue St-Ouen, Paris

FILTZ (J.), 13 Avenue du Roule, Neuilly-sur-Seine

GAUTREAU Fréres, Dourdan

GAUTREAU Brothers, Dourdan

GOUBERT, 15 Rue du Pont, Arles

GOUBERT, 15 Bridge St, Arles

GRIANOLI (Étabs. L.), 26 Boulevard Magenta, Paris

GROUVELLE (J.) H. ARGUEMBOURG & Cie, 71 Rue du Moulin-Vert, Paris. ("G. A.")

HARDING (H. J.), 7 bis, Rue du Débarcadere, Paris. (J.A.P.)

JANVIER (V.), 44 Rue d'Alésia, Paris. ("Véji.")

JANGEY (P.) et Cie, 26 bis, Rue Saint-Didier, Paris

JANGEY (P.) and Company, 26 bis, Rue Saint-Didier, Paris

JOLY FRÉRES, 244 Rue Marcadet, Paris

JULLIAN FRÉRES & HERAULT, Beziers

JULLIAN FRÉRES & HERAULT, Béziers

LAURENT FRÉRES, Plandher-Les-Mines

LONGUEMARE (F. & G.) FRERES, 12 Rue du Buisson-St-Louis, Paris

LONGUEMARE (F. & G.) BROTHERS, 12 Rue du Buisson-St-Louis, Paris

MARTHA (L.), 24 Rue du Champ-Les-Mines, Paris

MARTHA (L.), 24 Champ-Les-Mines Street, Paris

MENEVEAU & Cie, 15 Rue des Trois-Bornes, Paris

MERIOT (L.), 22 bis, Rue de' Taillandiers, Paris

MERIOT (L.), 22 bis, Rue de Taillandiers, Paris

PANHARD-LEVASSOR (Etablissements), 19 Avenue d'Ivry, Paris

PANHARD-LEVASSOR (Establishments), 19 Avenue d'Ivry, Paris

PASCAUD, 144 Boulevard Magento, Paris

PASCAUD, 144 Boulevard Magenta, Paris

PILAIN (Soc.), 17 Chemin de Monplasir à Grange-Rouge, Lyon

PILAIN (Soc.), 17 Chemin de Monplasir, Grange-Rouge, Lyon

POUDEROUX (L.), 9 Rue Waldeck-Rousseau, Paris

POUDEROUX (L.), 9 Waldeck-Rousseau Street, Paris

PROGRESSA (Soc.), 3 Passage Moitrier, Levallois-Perret

SCHMITZ (J.) & Cie, 17 Rue Saussier-Leroy, Paris

STORR & Cie, 17 Rue Saussier-Leroy, Paris

STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES MANUFACTURING Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, U.S.A.

STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES MANUFACTURING Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, USA.

TOLLET & Cie, 7 Rue de la Charité, Lyon

VAURS, 38 Rue Brunel, Paris

VAUTRIAN (L.), 35 Rue Brunel, Paris. ("Claudet.")

VITU (P.), Villa Aline, Rue des Soupirs, Epinal

WAGNER, 7 Galeme de la Madeleine, Paris

ZENITH (Soc. du Carburateur) 55 Chemin Feuillat, Lyon-Monplasir 2 Rue Denis-Poission, Plancher-les-Mines

ZENITH (Carburetor Co.) 55 Chemin Feuillat, Lyon-Monplasir 2 Rue Denis-Poisson, Plancher-les-Mines

GERMAN.

DULONG, 11 Lingstrasse, Berlin

ESCHER (B.), Sachsische Werkzeug Maschinenfabrik, Chemnitz

ESCHER (B.), Saxon Tool Machine Factory, Chemnitz

"IDEAL" METALLWARENFABRIK, Opladen (Ideal A.G.)

"IDEAL" Metal Goods Factory, Opladen (Ideal A.G.)

NEUE VERGASER GESELLSCHAFT, 63 Urbanstrasse, Berlin

SWISS.

WAGNER (Soc. d' Ind., Suisse d'Outillage), Bate

WAGNER (Society of Tools, Swiss Tool Company), Bate

U.S.A.

USA

BECKLY RALSDON. 178 Lake Street, Chicago

BREEZE CARBURETTER Co., 276 Halsey Street, Newark, N.Y.

BREEZE CARBURETOR Co., 276 Halsey Street, Newark, NY.

BUFFALO CARBURATOR Co., 887 Main Street, Buffalo, New York

BYRNE, KINGSTONE & Co., Kokomo, Ind.

BYRNE, KINGSTONE & Co., Kokomo, IN.

GOLDBERG MOTOR CAR DEVICES MFG. Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago

HEITGER CARBURETTER Co., 205 West South Street, Indianopolis

HEITGER CARBURETOR Co., 205 West South Street, Indianapolis

HOLLEY Bros. Co., 661 Beaubien Street, Detroit, Mich.

HOLLEY Bros. Co., 661 Beaubien St, Detroit, MI.

KALAMAZOO CARBURETTER Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.

Kalamazoo Carburetor Co., Kalamazoo, MI.

MARVEL MANUFACTURING Co., 410 S. Meridion Street, Indianopolis

MARVEL MANUFACTURING Co., 410 S. Meridion Street, Indianapolis

MYERS (A. J.), 244 West 49th Street, New York. (G. & A.)

SPEED CHANGING PULLEY Co., 758 Washington St., Indianopolis. (Speed).

SPEED CHANGING PULLEY Co., 758 Washington St., Indianapolis. (Speed).

STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES MANUFACTURING Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, London, D.E. (T.M.)

WESTERN MOTOR Co., Logansport, Ind.

WESTERN MOTOR Co., Logansport, IN

WHEELER & SCHEBLER, Indianopolis

WHEELER & SCHEBLER, Indianapolis

[Pg 13d]

FABRICS FOR AEROPLANES AND DIRIGIBLES.

AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN.

Austro-Hungarian.

METZELER & Cie, 6 Konigstrasse (Gummihof), Vienna VI.

METZELER & Cie, 6 Königstraße (Gummihof), Vienna VI.

BELGIAN.

DUPT (A. D.), 11 Avenue de Keyser, Antwerp

ENGLEBERT FILS & Cie, 29 Rue des Vennes, Liege

ENGLEBERT FILS & Cie, 29 Rue des Vennes, Liège

BRITISH.

UK.

ACCORDION BOAT Co., 32 Tufton St., Westminster, London, S.W.

"AEROPLATTE." (See Rogers Bros.)

"Aeroplate." (See Rogers Bros.)

AUTOMOBILE & AERIAL SUPPLY Co., Norwich Union Buildings, Piccadilly, London, W.

AVON INDIA RUBBER Co., Ltd., Melksham, Wilts

AVON INDIA RUBBER Co., Ltd., Melksham, Wiltshire

BENETFINK & Co., Ltd., Cheapside, London, E.C.

BENEY (R.) & Co., 7 Carlisle St., Oxford St., London, W.

CLARKE (T. W. K.) & Co., Kingston-on-Thames

CLARKE (T. W. K.) & Co., Kingston upon Thames

CONTINENTAL TYRE & RUBBER Co., (GREAT BRITAIN) Ltd., 102 Clerkenwell Road, London, E.C.

DUNLOP RUBBER Co., Ltd., Manor Mills, Aston, Birmingham

FRANKENBURG & Sons, Ltd., Salford, Lancashire

"HARTS," 21 Liverpool Street, E.C.

"HARTS," 21 Liverpool St, E.C.

HUTCHINSON AERO CLOTHS, 70 Basinghall Street, London, E.C.

HUTCHINSON AERO CLOTHS, 70 Basinghall Street, London, EC2.

IOCO PROOFING Co., Ltd., 50, Fraser Street, Bridgeton, Glasgow

IOCO PROOFING Co., Ltd., 50 Fraser Street, Bridgeton, Glasgow

IMPERIAL TYRE & RUBBER Co., Brook St., Holborn, London, W.C.

JONES (Bros., Ltd.), 12 York Street, Manchester.

MCLEAN, MCLEAN & Co., 79½ Gracechurch St., London, E.C.

NEW MOTOR & GENERAL RUBBER Co., Ltd., 374 Euston Road, London, W.C.

NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd.:—

1 Long Acre, London, W.C.
Castle Mills, Edinburgh

PEGAMOID (NEW) Ltd., 144 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

ROE (A. V.) & Co., Brownsfield Mills, Manchester

ROGERS (Bros.), 1 Mitre Court, Milk Street, London, E.C. ("Aviator" Ramie), (Aeroplatte).

SPENCER (C. G.) & Sons, 56a, Highbury Grove, London, N.

SPENCER (C. G.) & Sons, 56a Highbury Grove, London, N.

DANISH.

Danish.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 28 Amaliegade, Copenhagen

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 28 Amaliegade, Copenhagen

DUTCH.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 1077 Prinsengracht, Amsterdam

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 1077 Prinsengracht, Amsterdam

FRENCH.

ALBERTI (L.) (Harburg-Wien), 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris

BARBET-MASSIN, Popelin & Cie., 5-7 Rue St. Fiacre, Paris

BESSONNEAU, 21 Rue Louis Gain, Angers

BESSONNEAU, 21 Louis Gain Street, Angers

CAOUTCHOUC Manufacture (Soc. du.), 86 Rue Notre Dame-de-Nazareth, Paris

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTER PERCHA Co., 144 Avenue Malakoff, Paris

DEVILLE (J.), 42 Rue des Jeuneurs, Paris

FALCONNET-PERODEAND (Étabs.), 4 Place Carnot, Choisy-le-Roi (Seine).

GODARD (Louis) (Etabls. Aeronautiques de Paris), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris

GODARD (Louis) (Aviation Establishments of Paris), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris

HUTCHINGSON (Etablts.) 60, Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris

HUTCHINGSON (Establishments) 60, Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris

METZELER & Cie, 1 Rue Villaret-de-Joyeuse, Paris

MICHELIN & Cie, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy de Dôme

OPPENHEIMER NEVEU, 28 Rue Bergere, Paris

OPPENHEIMER NEPHEW, 28 Rue Bergere, Paris

PETER (Louis), 107 Rue de Courcelles, Paris

PETER (Louis), 107 Courcelles Street, Paris

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 Rue St. Ferdinand, Paris

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 St. Ferdinand Street, Paris

SULFIMATE (Service du), 200 Boulevard Victor Hugo, Clichy (Seine).

SULFIMATE (Service Department), 200 Boulevard Victor Hugo, Clichy (Seine).

TELEPHONES (Soc. Indle. Des), 25 Rue de Quatre Septembre, Paris

TORRILHON (Soc. An. des Anciens Etab. J. B.), Chamaliéres Puy de Dôme

VALDENAIRE (H.) Adenet & Cie., 21 Rue des Jeuneurs, Paris

VALDENAIRE (H.) Adenet & Co., 21 Rue des Jeuneurs, Paris

GERMAN.

CLOUTH (Franz) (Rheinische Gummiwaarenfabrik, Cologne-Nippes)

CLOUTH (Franz) (Rheinische Rubber Factory, Cologne-Nippes)

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 100 Fahrenwalderstrasse, Hamburg

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 100 Fahrenwalderstrasse, Hamburg

MICHELIN & Cie, Frankenalle 4, Frankfort

MICHELIN & Cie, Frankenalle 4, Frankfurt

RIEDINGER (August), Augsburg, Bavaria

RIEDINGER (August), Augsburg, Germany

SCHUCKERT & Co. (Elektrizitats A.G.), Nuremburg

SCHUCKERT & Co. (Electricity Inc.), Nuremberg

ITALIAN.

Italian.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 36 Via Bersaglio, Milan

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 36 Via Bersaglio, Milan

MICHELIN & Cie:—

MICHELIN & Co.:—

117 Via Livorno, gia via Schina, Turin
14 via Toro, Milan

RUSSIAN.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 11 Boiscbaja Dmitrovka

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 11 Boischbaja Dmitrovka

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., Tregolnik, 138, Canal Abovdny, St. Petersburg

SPANISH.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 5 Calle Fernando el Santo, Madrid

MICHELIN & Cie, 21-23 Calle Sagasta, Madrid

SWEDISH.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., Riddoregatan 15, Stockholm

SWISS.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 9 Lowenstrasse, Zurich

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTA PERCHA Co., 9 Lowenstrasse, Zurich

U.S.A.

USA

BALDWIN (Captain Thos. S.), Box 78 Madison Square, New York

CONOVER (C. E.) & Co. (Naiad), 101 Franklin Street, New York

CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC & GUTTER PERCHA Co, Muskegon, Mich.

CONTINENTAL CAOUTCHOUC & GUTTER PERCHA Co, Muskegon, MI

FRENCH AMERICAN BALLOON Co., 4460 Chouteau Avenue, St. Louis

GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER Co., Akron, Ohio

MICHELIN & Cie, Milltown (N. T.).

"NAIAD," 101 Franklin Street, New York

STEVENS (Aeronaut Leo), Box 181, Madison Square, New York

[Pg 14d]

GARMENTS FOR AVIATION.

AUSTRIAN.

Austrian.

BAUR (R.), 4 Rudolfstrasse, Innsbruck

GOLDMAN & SALATSCH, 20 Graben, Vienna I.

MAKOVSKY & Co., 9 Baumannstrasse, Vienna

MAKOVSKY & Co., 9 Baumann Street, Vienna

BELGIAN.

DEPART (Au), 8 Boulevard Anspach, Brussels

GAUSSET (F.), 5 Rue du Jardin Botanique, Liege

GAUSSET (F.), 5 Rue du Jardin Botanique, Liège

HOEBER & Cie, 48 Chemin de Hall, Forest-les-Brus

REEKIE (A.), 17 Rue Royale, Brussels

BRITISH.

AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.

BAKER & Co., Ltd., 137 Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.

BURBERYS 30-33 Haymarket, London, S.W. Basingstoke

BURBERRY 30-33 Haymarket, London, SW Basingstoke

DUNHILL (A.), Ltd., 359 Euston Road, London, N.W.

GAMAGE (A. W.), Ltd., 126 Holborn, London, E.C.

GAMAGE (A. W.), Ltd., 126 Holborn, London, EC1

HARROD'S STORES, Ltd., Brompton Road, London, S.W.

HARROD'S STORES, Ltd., Brompton Road, London, SW.

JOHNSTON (G.) & Co., 110 Cannon Street, London, E.C.

JOHNSTON (G.) & Co., 110 Cannon Street, London, EC.

NICOLL (H. J.) & Co., Ltd., 114 Regent Street, London, W.

NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd., Castle Mills, Edinburgh

PENTON (E.) & Son, 11 Mortimer Street, London, W.

PIGGOTT (J.), Ltd., 117 Cheapside, London, E.C.

ROGERS (Bros.), 1 Mitre Court, Milk Street, London, E.C. (Mascot vests), (Aeromac)

SAMUEL (Bros.), Ltd., 65 Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.

SAMUEL (Bros.), Ltd., 65 Ludgate Hill, London, EC1.

SMEE (E.), 403 Oxford Street, London, E.C.

SMEE (E.), 403 Oxford Street, London, EC.

FRENCH.

FRENCH LANGUAGE.

ABERDEEN, 1 Rue Auber, Paris

ABERDEEN, 1 Auber Street, Paris

ARNOUX, 63 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris

AUDOUARD, 3 Rue du Commandant, Rivière, Paris

AUX MARINS, 7 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris

BARBAN, 67 Rue Rambuteau, Paris

BAZAR de L'Hotel de Ville, 54 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

BELLE FERNIERE (La), Rue Saint-Pierre, Caon

BELLE FERNIERE (The), Saint-Pierre Street, Caon

BELLE JARDINIERE (La), 2 Rue du Pont-Neuf, Paris

BELLE JARDINIERE, 2 Rue du Pont-Neuf, Paris

BERNARD, 153 Rue du Faubourg, Saint-Honoré, Paris

BINET (E.), 6 Boulevard Diderot, Paris

BLUET, 154 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

BOILLAU (M.), 5 Rue d'Tory, Lyon

BOINET (G.) & Cie, Saint-Quentin

BOINET (G.) & Co, Saint-Quentin

BON MARCHE (Le), Rue de Sèvres, Paris

BONNET (G.), 4 Rue de la Bastille, Paris

BONNIOL, 10 Rue Turbigo, Paris

BONNIOL, 10 Turbigo Street, Paris

BOROWSKY, 32 Rue d'Argout, Paris

BOURSIN, 61 Rue la Boéthe, Paris

BRUNSCHWIG (Ch.), 39 Rue des Bourdounais, Paris

BRUNSCHWIG (Ch.), 39 Bourdounais Street, Paris

BURBERYS, 10 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris

Burberry, 10 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris

BUSSEY (Geo. C.) & Cie, 25 Rue Tronchet, Paris

BUSSEY (Geo. C.) & Co, 25 Tronchet Street, Paris

BUSVINE & Cie, 4 Rue Marbeuf, Paris

CAOUTOUCHOUC MANUFACTURE (Société du), 86 Rue Notre Dame de-Nazareth, Paris

CAOUTOUCHOUC MANUFACTURE (Company), 86 Rue Notre Dame de Nazareth, Paris

CARNAVAL de VENISE (Au), 5 Boulevard de la Madeleine, Paris

CARNAVAL de VENISE (At), 5 Boulevard de la Madeleine, Paris

CHAMANSKI & BLOCH, 6 Place des Victoires, Paris

CHOCQUENET (V.), 31 Rue des Jeûneurs, Paris

CHOTIN (G.), 34 Rue des Archives, Paris

CIRET (F.) & Cie, 140 Rue Rivoli, Paris

CIRET (F.) & Co, 140 Rue Rivoli, Paris

COOK & Cie, 23 Rue Auber, Paris

CRABETTE, 54 Faubourg Saint-Honoré, Paris

DAMERVAL (A.), 9 Rue Réamur, Paris

DAROLES-VINCENT, 22 Rue de Faubourg-du-Temple, Paris

DAROLES-VINCENT, 22 Faubourg-du-Temple St, Paris

DAY, 162 Rue du Faubourg-Saint-Martin, Paris

DAY, 162 Faubourg-Saint-Martin St, Paris

DEITZ (E.), 56 Rue d'Aboukir, Paris

DEITZ (E.), 56 Aboukir Street, Paris

DENIAU & Cie, 86 bis, Rue de Rome, Paris

DEWACHTER, 53 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris

DUGAS, Freres, 10 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

DUGAS, Brothers, 10 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

DUROT & LERY, 25 Rue des Trois-Cailloux, Amiens

DUROT & LERY, 25 Three-Stone Street, Amiens

DUBESSY (J.), Villefranche

DUBREUIL & PARMENTIER, 34 Rue Montorqueil, Paris

EGGER & Cie, 2 Rue de la Vrillière, Paris

ESDERS (Maison Henri), 115 Rue Montmartre, Paris

FASHIONABLE HOUSE, 16 Boulevard Montmartre, Paris

FELDSTEIN, 91 Rue des Marais, Paris

FELDSTEIN, 91 Marais St, Paris

FRAENKEL (H.), 28 Rue du Quartre-Septembre, Paris

FRAENKEL (H.), 28 Rue du Quatre-Septembre, Paris

GALERIES LAFAYETTE, 40 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

GRANDE MAISON (A La), 7 Rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs, Paris

HALIMBOURG-AKAR (Etablissements), 1 Places des Victoires, Paris

HALIMBOURG-AKAR (Establishments), 1 Place des Victoires, Paris

HENRY-TREILLE, Marcigny

HIGH-LIFE, 112 Rue de Richelieu, Paris

HUTCHINSON (Etablissements), 60 Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris

HUTCHINSON (Establishments), 60 Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris

KRIEGCK & Co., 23 Rue Royale, Paris

KRIEGCK & Co., 23 Royal Street, Paris

LACHASSAGNE (E.), Saint-Etienne

LACHASSAGNE (E.), Saint-Étienne

LAMBLIN (A.), 15 Rue Tiquetonne, Paris

LAMBLIN (A.), 15 Tiquetonne Street, Paris

LAMARTINE, 24 Rue des Bons-Enfants, Paris

LECONGE & WILLMANN, 2 Rue du Renard, Paris

LEON, 21 Rue Daunou, Paris

LOUVRE (Grande Magazines du), 164 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

LOUVRE (Grand Magasins du), 164 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

LYON (Grand Bazaar de), 31 Rue de la République, Lyon

LYON (Grand Bazaar), 31 Rue de la République, Lyon

MAGNANT & Cie, 117 Rue Réaumur

MAGNE (A.), Moulins, France

MANBY, les 19 Rue Auber, Paris

MANBY, 19 Rue Auber, Paris

MARCHAL (M.), 30 Rue le Peletier, Paris

MARECHAL (A.), Nevers

MAX-AUSPITZ, 374 Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris

MAX-AUSPITZ, 374 Saint-Honoré St, Paris

MICHEL JACKSON (A.), 92 Rue Richelieu, Paris

MICHEL JACKSON (E.), Halluin

MICHAEL JACKSON, Halluin

MENAGERE (À la), 20 Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris

METTEZ (Maison), 5 Place de l'Hotel de Ville, Paris

METTEZ (House), 5 Place de l'Hôtel de Ville, Paris

MOLAY (Jacques), 181 Rue du Temple, Paris

MATHAN (G.), 27 Rue Saint-Sabin, Paris

MATHAN (G.), 27 Saint-Sabin Street, Paris

NICOLLE, 29 Rue Tronchet, Paris

OLD ENGLAND

12 Boulevard des Capucines, Paris
114 Via Nazionale, Milan, Italy

OLIVIERI & Co., 101 Rue Claude-Decaen, Paris

OLIVIERI & Co., 101 Claude-Decaen Street, Paris

PAGUIN (J.) BERTHOLLE & Cie, 43 Boulevard des Capucines, Paris

PARIS-TAILLEUR, 3 Rue du Louvre, Paris

PAYEN (Maison G.), 7 Rue de la République, Lyon

PETIT MATELOT (Au), 41 quai d'Anjou, Paris

PETIT MATELOT (Au), 41 Quai d'Anjou, Paris

PFEIFFR-BRUNET, 17 Rue de l'Ancienne-Comedie, Paris

PRINTEMPS (Magasius du), 70 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

[Pg 15d] RAGEUNEAU, 25 Avenue de la Grande-Armée

RÉAUMUR (A.), 82 Rue Réaumur, Paris

REVILLON, Freres, 77 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

RIBBY, 16 Boulevard Poissonière, Paris

RICOUR, 26 Rue du Bouloi, Paris

RODDY, 2 Boulevard des Italiens, Paris

ROFFY, 2 bis, Rue du Bouloi, Paris

ROUSSEAU, 61 Passage du Havre, Paris

ROYAL TAYLOR, 41 Avenue de Wagram, Paris

RUSSIAN AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 Rue Saint Ferdinand, Paris

RUSSIAN AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 Saint Ferdinand Street, Paris

SAINT, Freres, 34 Rue du Louvre, Paris

SAINT, Brothers, 34 Rue du Louvre, Paris

SAMARITAINE, Rue du Pont-Neuf, Paris

SAMARITAINE, Pont-Neuf Street, Paris

SEYNOHA (F.), 249 Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris

SEYNOHA (F.), 249 Saint-Honoré Street, Paris

"SIEG," 19 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris

SORIN & MARZETTIER, 2 Rue Haudaudine, Nantes, Paris

SPORT (The), 17 Boulevard Montmartre, Paris

STEINMETZ, Freres, 16 Rue Cambronne, Paris

STEINMETZ, Brothers, 16 Rue Cambronne, Paris

STROM (D. SCHNEIDER & Cie)

16 Rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris
33 Avenue de la Gare, Nice

TELEPHONE (Société Industrielle des), 25 Rue du Quartre Septembre, Paris

TELEPHONE (Industrial Company of), 25 Rue du Quatre Septembre, Paris

THIERY & SIGRAND, 18 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

TORRILHON (J. B.), Chamalieres

TROIS-QUARTIERS (Aux), 17 Boulevard de la Madeleine, Paris

TUNMER (A.) & Co., 27 Rue du Quartre-Septembre, Paris

TUNMER (A.) & Co., 27 Rue du Quatre-Septembre, Paris

VELOCE-CLUB (Au), 21 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris

VINCENE, 148 Rue du Temple, Paris

VINCENE, 148 Temple St, Paris

VOLLANT (A.), 34 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

WEST END TAILORS, 10 Rue Auber, Paris

WILLIAMS & Cie, 1 Rue Caumartin, Paris

GERMAN.

ANWANDER (A.), 22 Sonnenstrasse, Munich

ANWANDER (A.), 22 Sonnenstraße, Munich

HERTZOG (R.), 15 Breiterstrasse, Berlin

ITALIAN.

MARTINY (Manufacture), 5 Via Pietro Micca, Turin

SANGUINETTI (Frat), 8 Corso Vittorie Emanuele, Milan

SANGUINETTI (Frat), 8 Corso Vittorio Emanuele, Milan

SPANISH

SANCHA (M.), 12 Calle de la Cruz, Madrid

SWISS.

GEISTDORFER & Co., 4 Paradeplatz, Zurich

U.S.A.

USA

SCANDINAVIAN FUR & LEATHER Co., 16 West 33rd Street, New York

[Pg 16d]

HANGAR AND SHED BUILDERS.

BRITISH.

UK.

AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.

HARBROW (W.), South Bermondsey Station, London, S.E.

HARBROW (W.), South Bermondsey Station, London, SE.

HARRISON, SMITH Buildings, Ltd., Vauxhall Works, Dollinan Street, Birmingham.

HUMPHREYS Ltd., Knightsbridge, London, W.

MORTON, FRANCIS & Co., Ltd., Hamilton Ironworks, Garston, Liverpool.

PIGGOTT, Bros. & Co., Ltd., 220, 222, 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

SMITH (F.) & Co., Carpenters Road, Stratford, London, E.

WIRE-WOVE ROOFING Co. & PORTABLE BUILDINGS Co., 108 Queen Victoria St., London, E.C.

FRENCH.

BESSONNEAU

29 Rue du Louvre, Paris
21 Rue Louis Gain, Angers

COMPAGNIE AERIENNE, 63, Avenue des Champs, Elysees, Paris

COMPAGNIE AERIENNE, 63 Avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris

CONSTRUCTIONS DEMONTABLES (Compagnie des), 54 Rue Lafayette, Paris

CONSTRUCTIONS DÉMONTABLES (Company of), 54 Rue Lafayette, Paris

CONSTRUCTIONS ECONOMIQUES (Société de), 11 Avenue de l'Opera, Paris

CONSTRUCTIONS ECONOMIQUES (Company), 11 Avenue de l'Opéra, Paris

DUBOIS et Cie, 7 Rue Saint-Amand, Paris

DUBOIS and Co., 7 Saint-Amand Street, Paris

LAPEYRERE (L.), 44 Rue de l'Eglise, Paris

LAPEYRERE (L.), 44 Church Street, Paris

OFFICE d'AVIATION, 3 Avenue de l'Opera, Paris

OFFICE d'AVIATION, 3 Avenue de l'Opéra, Paris

RUBEROID (Societe du), 82 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris

RUBEROID (Society of), 82 Beaumarchais Boulevard, Paris

SAINTE-BEUVE (A.), 196 Quai Jemmapes, Paris

GERMAN.

MULLER (A.), 27 Fritcherstrasse, Berlin-Charlottenburg

HYDROGEN SUPPLIES.

BRITISH.

BRITISH HYDROGEN Co. (Lane's System), 49-50 Parliament Street, London, S.W.

BRITISH HYDROGEN Co. (Lane's System), 49-50 Parliament Street, London, SW.

BRITISH OXYGEN Co., Ltd.:—

Elverton St., Westminster, London, S.W.
Saltley Works, Birmingham
Great Marlborough St., Manchester
Boyd St., Newcastle-on-Tyne
Rosehill Works, Polmadis, Glasgow

KNOWLES' OXYGEN Co., Ltd., Wolverhampton.

KNOWLES' OXYGEN Co., Ltd., Wolverhampton.

WOLF (J.), 15 Seething Lane, London, E.C.

FRENCH.

ELECTROLYSE FRANCAISE (L'), 4 Rue des Ecluses, Saint Martin, Paris

HYDROGÈNE pour l'Aerostation et l'Industrie (Soc. Francaise de l') (Lane's System), Boulevard Sénart, St. Cloud (Seine et Soise).

HYDROGEN for Aerostation and Industry (French Society of) (Lane's System), Boulevard Sénart, St. Cloud (Seine and Oise).

HYDROXGENE PUR (L')

HYDROXGENE PUR (The)

22 Rue de Douai, Paris
Marais de Lomme, Lille (Nord)

OXYDRIQUE FRANCAISE (L'), 2 Rue Nouvelle, Paris

OXYDRIQUE FRANCAISE (The), 2 Rue Nouvelle, Paris

INSURANCE (AVIATION).

BELGIAN.

MONET (Alfred), 3 Avenue de Cortambert, Bruxelles, Belgium

MONET (Alfred), 3 Avenue de Cortambert, Brussels, Belgium

BRITISH.

UK.

AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.

BRAY, GIBB & Co., Ltd., 14 Sherborne Lane, King William Street, London, E.C.

BRAY, GIBB & Co., Ltd., 14 Sherborne Lane, King William Street, London, EC1.

CAR & GENERAL INSURANCE CORPORATION, Ltd., 1 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

CAR & GENERAL INSURANCE CORPORATION, Ltd., 1 Queen Victoria Street, London, EC1.

DOLAMORE (W. T.), AVIATION INSURANCE BROKER, 199 Piccadilly, W.

FORBES (M. W.) & Co., 15 Queen Street, London, E.C.

GLASGOW ASSURANCE CORPORATION, Ltd., 10 Queen Street, Cheapside, London, E.C.

GOLD (Guy), 1 Cornhill, London, E.C.

GOLD (Guy), 1 Cornhill, London, EC.

KINLOCH (D. A.), 13 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.

PLANCHE, HEARN & Co., 12 Newgate Street, London, E.C.

WHITE CROSS INSURANCE ASSOC., 1 Cornhill, London, E.C.

FRENCH.

ASSURANCE SPECIALES d'AUTOMOBILES (Les) 20 Rue Taitbout (Seine), Paris

ASSURANCE SPÉCIALES d'AUTOMOBILES (The) 20 Taitbout Street (Seine), Paris

BANDU DE CHANTPIE (Ch.), 8 Rue Blanche, Paris (Seine)

CAPRON & HAREL, 10 Rue Viollet-le-Duc, Paris

CASANIVA ET GRIBAUMONT, 50 Boulevard Maesherbes, Paris

CASANIVA ET GRIBAUMONT, 50 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris

CAUBERT ET GARNIA (E.), 5 Rue Moreau, Paris

FASTINGER (L.), 8 Rue du Sentier, Paris

HANCIAN (G.), Omnium des Assurance Terrestries, 59 Rue de Chateaudun

HANCIAN (G.), General Insurance Company, 59 Chateaudun Street

HURET (G.), 56 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris

LAURIERS (Des) et DUMONT, 43 Rue Lafitte, Paris

LAW-CAR, 42 Rue Pergotese, Paris

LE CHARTIR ET DARDONVILLE, 12 Avenue Moatespan, Paris

LEFEVRE (P.), 7 Rue Villaret-de-Joyeuse, Paris

LEFEVRE (P.), 7 Villaret-de-Joyeuse Street, Paris

LLOYD (Continental), 17 Rue Druout, Paris

MULLER & DESPIERRES (G.), 26 Rue Etienne-Marcel, France

MULLER & DESPIERRES (G.), 26 Etienne-Marcel Street, France

NICOLLEAU (Auguste), 36 Rue de la Chapelle, Paris

NICOLLEAU (Auguste), 36 Chapelle Street, Paris

PIEFR (G.), 92 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris

STEVENS (Pierre), 26 Rue Bergere, Paris

STEVENS (Pierre), 26 Rue Bergère, Paris

TERRIER (V.), Courtier d'Assurances, 81 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

TERRIER (V.), Insurance Broker, 81 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

TROLLET (H.), 131 Rue de Rome, Paris

[Pg 17d]

LUBRICANTS.

AUSTRIAN.

Austrian.

GERSON BOEHN & ROSENTHAL, 20 Donaueschingenstrasse, Vienna XX.

BELGIAN.

BENZO-BELGE (la), 11 Boulevard du Régent, Brussels

BENZO-BELGE, 11 Boulevard du Régent, Brussels

GUELETTE & Cie, Hug. (Diamond-Running Oil.)

BRITISH.

UK.

ADAMS BRITISH OIL Co., Ltd., Plough Bridge, Deptford, London, S.E.

ANGLO-AMERICAN OIL CO., Ltd., 22 Billiter Street, London, E.C.

ANGLO-BOSPHORUS OIL Co., Ltd., Bristol

BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., Finsbury Court, London, E.C.

BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., Finsbury Court, London, EC

BRITISH MONOGRAM OIL Co., Ltd., 177 The Vale, Acton, London, W.

BUTTERWORTHS, Ltd., 5 Roscoe Chambers, Liverpool

BRITISH PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.

CARLESS, CAPEL & LEONARD, Hope Chemical Works, Hackney Wick, London, N.E.

COUNTY CHEMICAL Co., Ltd., Chemico Works, Bradford Street, Birmingham

DICK & Co,, Ltd., 33 Eastcheap, London, E.C.

DICK & Co., Ltd., 33 Eastcheap, London, E.C.

ENGLEBERT & Co., 119 Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C.

GRINDLEY & Co., Ltd., Poplar, London, E.

KAYE (J.) & Sons, Ltd., 93 High Holborn, London, W.C.

MONOVO Co., Mono Works, Stewart's Road, London, S.W.

O'BRIEN (H.F.) & Co., Broadheath Oil Works, Manchester

PETROLEUM Co., Ltd. (The British), 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.

PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE Co., Ltd., Belmont Works, Battersea, London, S.W.

PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE Co., Ltd., Belmont Works, Battersea, London, SW.

ROSE (Sir W. & Co.), 66 Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.

STERN-SONNEBORN (A. G.), Royal London House, Finsbury Square, London, E.C.

VACUUM OIL Co., Ltd., Caxton House, Westminster, London, S.W.

VACUUM OIL Co., Ltd., Caxton House, Westminster, London, SW.

WAKEFIELD (C. C.) & Co., 27 Cannon Street, London, E.C.

WHITE, 47 Curtain Road, London, E.C.

WILCOX & Co., Ltd., 23 Southwark Street, London, S.E.

WILCOX & Co., Ltd., 23 Southwark Street, London, SE

DANISH.

BEAUVAL (de) Saxlund, 18 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen

MEYER & HENCKEL, 60 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen

FRENCH.

ACKER, 7 Rue de Bac, Ivry Port (Auto Victoire.)

ANDRÉE (A.) Fils (Societe Anonyme), 8 Rue de la Tour-des-Dames, Paris (Volgaline & Spidoléine.)

ANDRÉE (A.) Fils (Public Limited Company), 8 Rue de la Tour-des-Dames, Paris (Volgaline & Spidoléine.)

AMELIN & RENAUD, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rosseau, Paris

AMELIN & RENAUD, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rousseau, Paris

AMERICAN OIL Co., 42 Rue Lepeletier, Paris

AMERICAN OIL Co., 42 Lepeletier Street, Paris

BADIN, 3 Rue de la Mare, Paris

BAILLY, 8 Rue de la Michodiére, Paris

BANTEGNIE & NEVU, 10 Rue Bateau, Aubervilliers

BANTEGNIE & NEVU, 10 Bateau Street, Aubervilliers

BARBAT (C.), Charenton

BAUD, 24 Rue Saint-Roch, Paris

BAUDOUIN, 32 Quai Saint-Vincent, Lyon

BEDFORD PETROLEUM Co., 67 Boulevard Hausmann, Paris

BEDFORD PETROLEUM Co., 67 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

BÉSANCON (E.), Saint-Denis

BESANÇON (E.), Saint-Denis

BONIFACE, Frères, Sotteville-L-Rouen

BONIFACE, Brothers, Sotteville-Rouen

BONNEVILLE, ROUILLY & Cie, 27 Rue du Landy, Saint-Denis

BONNEVILLE, ROUILLY & Co., 27 Rue du Landy, Saint-Denis

BORREL & Fils, 58 Rue de Vincennes, Bagnolet

BOUCHON & BERTRAND, 17 Rue des Bateliers, Clichy

BOUGAULT & Cie, 32 Boulevard Ornano, Paris

BOUGAULT & Co, 32 Boulevard Ornano, Paris

BOURGEOIS-OUDRY, 18 Rue de la Paix, Vincennes

BOURGEOIS-OUDRY, 18 Peace St, Vincennes

BUISINE & Cie, 35 Rue de Viarmes, Paris

BURCKHARDT, 18 Rue Poliveau, Paris (Auto-Gazoline.) (Auto-Moto.)

BURCKHARDT, 18 Rue Poliveau, Paris (Auto-Gas.) (Auto-Moto.)

CABANNE-NIROUET, 124 Route de Joinville, Champigny-s-Marne

CABANNE-NIROUET, 124 Route de Joinville, Champigny-sur-Marne

CALISCH-ORESTE, 4 Avenue du Cog, Paris

CAMUS, 5 bis, Rue des Rosiers, Paris

CAPET, 61 Rue de la Verrerie, Paris

CATHALIFAUD, 120 Boulevard Magenta, Paris

CAUÊT, 18 Boulevard Pagel, Saint-Denis

CAYEUX, Place de Marche-aux-Herbes, Compiegne

CAYEUX, Market Square, Compiègne

CHAILLY, 15 Rue Catulienne, Saint-Denis

CHAILLY, 15 Catulienne St, Saint-Denis

CHATELET, 30 Rue de Fontenay, Nogent-sur-Marne

CHAUDIN & Cie, 132 Faubourg, Saint-Denis, Paris

CHAUDIN & Cie, 132 Faubourg Saint-Denis, Paris

CHEMET, 143 Route de Versailles, Boulogne

CHEMIN (A.), 10 Rue Gresset, Amiens (Lubrifa.)

CHICHIGNAUD Au CORNILLON, Saint-Denis

CHICHIGNAUD At CORNILLON, Saint-Denis

CHOUILLOU, 14 Rue Duphot, Paris

CLAUDY, 92 Rue Neuve-des-Charpennes, Lyon

COLMET & Cie, 70 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

COLUMBRIA (Soc. des Prod. & Pub.), 48 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis

COLUMBRIA (Prod. & Pub. Co.), 48 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis

COSTADAU, 13 Rue Vendome, Lyon (Golden Oil.)

DANIEL, 4. Rue Villedo, Paris.

DANIEL, 4 Rue Villedo, Paris.

DÉGREMONT, 21 Rue Gudot-de Mauroi, Paris (Lion.)

DEGUEANT, Avenue Lagache, Villemonble

DEGUEANT, Lagache Avenue, Villemomble

DELAGE, Quai d'Issy, 37 Issy-les-Moulineaux

DELETTREZ. 7 Rue Gide, Levallois-Perret (G.D.)

DELIGNY, 3 Rue de Buisson-Saint, Louis, Paris

DESCROIX (P.) & LESAGE, 18 Rue de Normande Asnières

DESSALLE, 39 Rue de Paradis, Paris

DESSALLE, 39 Paradise St, Paris

DEUTSCHE (Les Fils de), 50 Rue de Châteaudun, Paris (A.D.) (Jupiter.) (Viscositas.)

DION BOUTON (De), 36 Quai National, Puteaux

DION BOUTON, 36 Quai National, Puteaux

DOMONT, 36 Boulevard Ornano, Paris

DROUOT, 172 Faubourg Saint-Martin, Paris

FAUCHER, 106 Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris

FAUCHER, 106 Blvd Sebastopol, Paris

FEIGEL, 14 Rae Barbette, Paris

FERRANDON, 164 Avenue de Valmy, Paris

FERRON, 59 Boulevard Saint-Denis, Courbevoie

FIRBACH, 16 Rue Violet, Paris

FLOQUET, 36 Rue de la Haie-Cog., Paris

FLOQUET, 36 Haie-Cog St, Paris

FOURNIER, Frères, 12 Rue Castérès, Clichy

FOURNIER, Brothers, 12 Rue Castérès, Clichy

FRANCO-RUSSE, Cie, 10 Rue Thimonier, Paris (Newoléine.)

FRANCO-RUSSE, Co., 10 Thimonier Street, Paris (Newoléine.)

GAGNEPIAN, GONNOT & Cie, 109 Rue Victor-Hugo, Levallois-Perret

GAGNEPIAN, GONNOT & Co, 109 Victor-Hugo Street, Levallois-Perret

GALENA OIL Co., Paris

GAMARD & LAFLÈCHE, 8 Rue de Thorigny, Paris[Pg 18d]

GARDAIR, 71 Rue de Vaugirard, Paris

GARDAIR, 71 Vaugirard St, Paris

GAUBERT, 40 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris

GÉNÉRAL INDUSTRIELLE (La), 5 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris

GEORGIER (A.), 8 Route de Flandre, Bourget

GEORGIER (A.), 8 Flanders Road, Bourget

GIRARD, 102 Rue du Gazometre, Montreuil (La Becanine)

GIRARD, 102 Gasometer Street, Montreuil (La Becanine)

GONNOT, 33 Boulevard de la Chapelle, Paris

GUILLAUD & VALLAT, 36 Chemin, Saint-Matthieu, Lyon

GUILLET-PUSARD, Fils et Cie, 4 Rue Poccard, Levallois-Perret (Royal Oil.)

GUILLET-PUSARD, Sons & Co., 4 Poccard Street, Levallois-Perret (Royal Oil.)

GUYENOT (J.), 1 Rue du Printemps, Paris (Motoléine.)

HACHARD, 43 Boulevard, Richard-Lenoir, Paris

HACHARD, 43 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris

HAMELIN, 65 Rue Rivay, Levallois-Perret

HAMELLE, 21 Quai de Valmy, Paris (Valvoline).

HARMIGNIES, 105 Rue de Paris, Ivry Port

HERZEMBERG, 60 Rue Saint-Mandé, Saint-Ouen

HUILES & GRAISSES INDUSTRIELLES DE, 18 Rue Gambetta, Nice (Omnia.)

HUILES-VITESSE (Soc. An. des.), Rue des Minimes, Courbevoie

HUILES-VITESSE (Public Limited Company), Minimes Street, Courbevoie

INDUSTRIELLE GENERALE (L'), 27 Rue la Bruyère, Paris

INDUSTRIELLE GENERALE, 27 Rue la Bruyère, Paris

LACARRIÈRE & GRAVELIN, 11 Rue de Neuilly, Clichy (La Preferee.)

LAGET, 181 Rue Lafayette, Paris

LAMPE, Freres, 32 Rue Saint-Lazarre, Paris

LA SELVE & BOURGEON, 54 Chemin des Cures, Lyon (Auto Oil)

LAVOIX, Le Bourget

LEBRASSEUR & Cie, 155 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis

LEBRASSEUR, 11 Rue de la Vega, Paris

LECLERC (C.), 33 Rue Auger, Pantin

LECLERC (C.), 33 Auger St, Pantin

LENOIR, 24 Rue Michelet, Pantin

LENORMAND, 18 Avenue Saint-Germain, Puteaux

LÉONHARD, 14 Rue Coypel, Paris

LÉONHARD, 14 Coypel Street, Paris

L'HERITIER & Cie, 86 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis

LILLE & BONNIÈRES, 10 Rue des Pyramides, Paris

LUBIN, 47 Rue du Liégat, Ivry-Port

LUBRICATING Oil Co., Route de Sartrouville, Pecg.

LUBRICATING Oil Co., Sartrouville Road, Pecg.

LYNDALI & Cie, 80 Rue Taitbout, Paris

LYNDALI & Cie, 80 Taitbout Street, Paris

MACKAY, 2 Cité Trévise, Paris

MAILLET, 9 Rue Alfred Condre, Abbeville

MALICET & BLIN, 103 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers (Mab.)

MANÇEAU, 60 Rue de Flanders, Pantin

MARÉCHAL, 75 Avenue du Chemin-de-Fer, Le Vestinet

MARTIN (V.), 50 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris

MARVILLE & Cie, Rueil

MARVILLE & Co., Rueil

MAUPRÉ, 112 Rue de la Chapelle, Paris

MICHEL, 15 Rue Ferragus, Aubervilliers

MORIN, 48 Rue de l'Aqueduc, Paris

MORIN, 48 Aqueduct St, Paris

NANTERRE, 18 Rue Gambetta, Nice (Omnia.)

NASSOY & RIBAUD, 78 Rue Charles-Nodier, Pantin (Colzarine)

NICKMILDER, 82 Rue Daquerre, Paris

NOBLET, 1 Rue Pastuer, Ivry-Port

NOBLET, 1 Rue Pasteur, Ivry-Port

NORTZ, 29 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

NORTZ, 29 Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris

OLEO, 30 Rue Perrier, Levallois-Perret (Oleomoto)

OLEONNAPHTES (Societé Anoyme), 164 Avenue de Paris, Saint-Denis

OLEONNAPHTES (Society Anonymous), 164 Avenue de Paris, Saint-Denis

OLÉONNAPHTES ÉMULSIONNES (Societé Anonyme), 3 Avenue Victor-Hugo

OLÉONNAPHTES ÉMULSIONNÉS (Public Company), 3 Avenue Victor-Hugo

ORANGE & Cie, 432 Avenue de Paris, Saint-Denis

PELON, 76 Avenue de la Republique, Paris

PELON, 76 Avenue de la République, Paris

PENNSYLVANIA OIL Co., 39 Rue Sainte-Cécile, Marseilles

PENNSYLVANIA OIL Co., 39 Rue Sainte-Cécile, Marseille

PETROLES OIL Co., 2 Rue Fongate, Marseilles (Onctua.)

PEUGEOT, Freres, 71 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris Valentigney

PEUGEOT, Brothers, 71 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris Valentigney

PIETRATERRA (A.), 10 Rue des Augustins, Argenteuil

POURCHEIROUX, 41 Rue Saint-Ferdinand, Paris

POULET & TAYART, 108 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers

POULET & TAYART, 108 Avenue de la République, Aubervilliers

PRADERE & Cie, 16 Rue du 14-Juillet, Pre-Saint-Gervais (Virginia)

QUERVEL, 35 Rue du Port, Aubervilliers (Kervoline)

RASTIT (H.), 38 Rue Bicolas, Marseilles

RASTIT (H.), 38 Bicolas Street, Marseille

RECORD, 27 Quai Gailleton, Lyon

REGNIER, Fils & RODDE, 11 Rue Etienne-Dolet, Paris

REGNIER, Son & RODDE, 11 Etienne-Dolet Street, Paris

RENAUD-LEVEQUE & Cie, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rosseau, Paris

RENAUD-LEVEQUE & Cie, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rousseau, Paris

RENAULT (V.), 145 Avenue, Parmentier, Paris

RENAULT (V.), 145 Avenue Parmentier, Paris

REVAUX, 63 Boulevard Thiers, Amiens

RICBOURG, 19 Quai aux, Fleurs, Paris

RICBOURG, 19 Quai des Fleurs, Paris

RINCK, Fils, 66 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

RINCK, Sons, 66 Rue de Rivoli, Paris

ROBERT, 25 Rue Drouot, Paris

RONDEL, 101 Rue Marceau, Montreuil

RONDEL, 101 Marceau Street, Montreuil

RONDEL (Ch.), 57 Rue de Saint-Mandé, Montreuil

SAUTET, Freres, 99 Route d'Orléans, Montrouge

SAUTET, Brothers, 99 Route d'Orléans, Montrouge

SIMONET (L.), 45 Rue Gambetta, Nancy

SIMONET (L.), 45 Gambetta Street, Nancy

SIMON-ROCHE, 17 bis, Avenue du Mans, Tours (Auto Sims)

SIVAN, 8 Place de l'Evêsché Marques, Fréjus (Record, Aeroline, Motord)

SIVAN, 8 Place de l'Évêché Marques, Fréjus (Record, Aeroline, Motord)

STANDARD OIL Works, 69 Rue d'Hauteville, Paris

STANDARD OIL Works, 69 Hauteville Street, Paris

STORACE (B.), 15 Rue de Paris, Nice

SYLVESTER (E.), 6 Rue Nationale, Rouen (W.S.)

TESSE, 15 Rue de Surène, Paris

TORRE & Cie, 112 bis, Rue de Paris, Vincennes

TOURNEL, 18 Avenue d'Italie, Paris

TRABET (L.), 1 Rue Amelot, Paris (Trabeoline)

VACUUM OIL Co., Ltd., 34 Rue de Louvre, Paris

VILLENEUVE (A.), 1 Boulevard Saint-Jacques, Paris

WALLACH & Cie, 60 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers

WALLACH & Cie, 60 Avenue de la République, Aubervilliers

WALLET, 12 Rue Rennequin, Paris

WILSNER (G.), 29 Rue de Neuilly, Clichy

WILSNER (G.), 29 Neuilly Street, Clichy

ZEMMER, 91 Rue Petit, Paris

GERMAN.

DEPAUW & Cie, 6 Rue de la Linère, Brussels

DEUTSCHE LVERKE, 1 Prinz-Louis, Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin

DEUTSCHE SILVERKE, 1 Prinz-Louis, Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin

PETROLEUM RAFFINERIE, Breme (Veloscol)

PETROLEUM REFINERY, Bremen (Veloscol)

SPILCKE, 94 Chausseestrasse, Berlin

SPILCKE, 94 Chausseestraße, Berlin

STERN-SONNEBORN (A. G.), 21 Ritterstrasse, Berlin S. 42

SÜDDEUTSCHE OELWERKE, Fribourg-en-Brisgau

Südwest Oil Works, Freiburg

VALVOLINE OIL Co., 7 Hobzbrücke, Hambourg

VALVOLINE OIL Co., 7 Hobzbrücke, Hamburg

VOGT & Cie, Görlitz (Vostol)

VOGT & Cie, Görlitz (Vostol)

[Pg 19d]

ITALIAN.

ARNOLDI & Cie, 37 Via Paolo do Cannobio, Milan

ARNOLDI & Cie, 37 Via Paolo di Cannobio, Milan

CECCARELLI, TEDESCHI & Cie, Corso XXII., Marso, 34, Milan (Teuff)

CECCARELLI, TEDESCHI & Co., Corso XXII., Marso, 34, Milan (Teuff)

CORLIÈ RE, 8 Via Santa-Azata, Boulogne

FOLTZER (E.), Rivarolo-Lugure, Genes

FOLTZER (E.), Rivarolo-Ligure, Genoa

KOCH (O.), 50 Via Abbadesse, Milan

MIRAGOLI & PETSATORI, 67 Foro Bonaparte, Milan

OLEUM, Galleria Nazionala, Turin

OLEUM, National Gallery, Turin

PETROLIO, 76 Piazza Cinque Lampade, Genes

PETROLIO, 76 Piazza Cinque Lampade, Genoa

REINACH & Cie, 90 Via Lario, Milan (Oleoblitz)

VOLPATO & Cie, 11 Via Santa-Maria-Fulcornia, Milan

VOLPATO & Cie, 11 Via Santa Maria Fulcornia, Milan

ROUMANIAN.

ROMANIAN.

TRAJON, Bucharest, Roumania

TRAJON, Bucharest, Romania

RUSSIAN.

CHABANIAN (R.), Batoum-Bakou

CHABANIAN (R.), Batumi-Baku

KAISER (R.), Baku

MALLARD, Caucase, Batoum

MALLARD, Caucasus, Batumi

NOBEL, Freres, St. Petersburg

Nobel Brothers, St. Petersburg

PITOEFF & Cie, Tiflis

PITOEFF & Cie, Tbilisi

SCHIBAEFF & Cie, Bakau

TER AKOPOFF, 3 Place Isaac, St. Petersburg

SPANISH.

FONTAGUD, 6 Fuentes, Madrid

FONTAGUD, 6 Fonts, Madrid

OLEON Co., 13 Asalto, Saragossa

OLEON Co., 13 Assault, Zaragoza

USERA (De), 47 Legdnitos, Madrid

USERA (De), 47 Ledgnitos, Madrid

VACUUM OIL Co., 598 Cortes, Barcelona

SWISS.

GRISARD (G.), 302 Route de Greuzach, Bâle

GRISARD (G.), 302 Route de Greuzach, Basel

HALLER, 8 Splugenstrasse, Zurich

HEUMANN (A.) & Cie, Winterthur

HEUMANN (A.) & Co., Winterthur

HUILES MINERALES, Route de Frontenex, Geneva

MINERAL OILS, Frontenex Road, Geneva

LAMBERCIER (J.) & Cie, Geneva

LUMINA (S. A.), Geneva-Vollandes

MOEBIUS (H.) & Fils, Bâle

MOEBIUS (H.) & Sons, Basel

OMNIA (Maison), Chêne-Bourg, Geneva

OMNIA (House), Chêne-Bourg, Geneva

SCHMID, 133 Murtenstrasse, Berne

SCHMID, 133 Murtenstrasse, Bern

U.S.A.

USA

DIXON (J.) CRUCIBLE Co., Jersey-City, New York, (Graphite)

DIXON (J.) CRUCIBLE Co., Jersey City, New York, (Graphite)

KEYSTONE LUBRICATING Co., Philadelphia

KEYSTONE LUBRICATING Co., Philly

WHITE & BAGLEY Co., Worcester (Oilzum)

[Pg 20d]

MAGNETOS.

AUSTRIAN.

Austrian.

DENES & DRIEDMAN, 11 Mitterbergasse, Vienna XVIII.

DENES & DRI EDMAN, 11 Mitterbergasse, Vienna XVIII.

ERBEN (S.) & ARNOLD FRIEDMANN, 14 Stubenring, Vienna I.

BELGIAN.

BOSCH MAGNETOS, 121 Rue de l'Instruction, Brussels

PERNSTEIN (Ateliers), 8 Rue Laporte, Liege-Nord

PERNSTEIN (Studios), 8 Rue Laporte, Liège-Nord

BRITISH.

BOSCH MAGNETOS

40-42 Newman Street, London, W.C.
28 Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.

BRITISH TELLIER Co., 10 Coburg Place, Hyde Park, London, W.

EISEMANN MAGNETO Co., 43 Berners Street, London, W.

FULLER (J. C.) & Son, Woodland Works, Wick Lane, Bow, London, E.

MEA MAGNETO Co., Gresse Buildings, Stephen Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.

NILMELIOR (Société d'Electricité), 36-37 Alfred Place, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.

NILMELIOR (Electricity Company), 36-37 Alfred Place, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.

RICHES (G. T.) & Co., 19 Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.

SIMMS MAGNETO Co., Ltd., Welbeck Works, Kilburn, London, N.W.

VAN RADEN & Co., Ltd., Great Heath, Coventry.

DUTCH.

BOSCH MAGNETOS, Willem Van Rijm, Keizergracht 181, Amsterdam

FRENCH.

BARDON (L.), 61 Boulevard National, Clichy

BARDON (L.), 61 National Boulevard, Clichy

BAUDOT ET PAZ, 22 Avenue de la Grande-Armée, Paris (Simms.)

BOIN, 33 Rue du Four, Paris

BOSCH MAGNETOS

Depôt 295 Avenue de Saxe, Lyon
17 Rue Theophile-Gautier

BREGUET (Maison), 19 Rue Didot, Paris

BREGUET (House), 19 Rue Didot, Paris

DEBEAUVE, 68 Rue de Sevres, Paris (Vestale)

EISEMANN & Co., Lavalette & Cie., 175 Avenue le Choisy, Paris

EXTRA. (See Giffard.)

GIANOLI, 28 Boulevard Magenta, Paris

GIBAUD, 309 Rue de Faubourg, Saint-Antoine, Paris

GIBAUD, 309 Faubourg Saint-Antoine, Paris

GIFFARD, 283 Rue des Pyrénées, Paris (L'Extra)

GIFFARD, 283 Pyrénées Street, Paris (The Extra)

GIRARDEAU (A.), 7 Rue Scribe, Paris

GIRARDEAU (A.), 7 Scribe Street, Paris

GUENET. 5 Rue Montmorency, Paris

GUENET. 5 Montmorency Street, Paris

GUILLOU, 41 Rue de Bagneux, Montrouge

GUILLOU, 41 Bagneux St, Montrouge

HENRIQUE, 54 Quai de Courbevois, Courbevois

HERDTLE & BRUNEAU, 93 Rue Pelleport, Paris

HERDTLE & BRUNEAU, 93 Pelleport Street, Paris

HOMMEN (H.), 38 Rue de Turenne, Saint-Etienne

HOMMEN (H.), 38 Rue de Turenne, Saint-Étienne

HYDRA (Société de le Magneto), 11 Rue Charcot, Neuilly-sur-Seine

HYDRA (Magneto Company), 11 Charcot Street, Neuilly-sur-Seine

ILIYNE-Berline, 8 Rue des Dunes, Paris

INVICTA (Société) (Hamille et Cie), 5 Rue Deves, Neuilly-sur-Seine

INVICTA (Company) (Hamille and Co.), 5 Deves Street, Neuilly-sur-Seine

JUSTON & Cie, 62 Rue du Chemin-Vert, Paris

MEA MAGNETO, Feld-Dengen, 157 av. Malakoff, Paris

MEA MAGNETO, Feld-Dengen, 157 Malakoff Ave, Paris

MONTBARBON (Société), 147 bis, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (S.A.M.)

MONTBARBON (Company), 147 bis, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (S.A.M.)

NIEUPORT (Société Anonyme des Appareils Electriques), 9 Rue de Seine, Suresnes

NIEUPORT (Public Limited Company of Electrical Devices), 9 Rue de Seine, Suresnes

NILMELIOR (Société), 49 Rue Lacordaire, Paris

NILMELIOR (Company), 49 Lacordaire Street, Paris

SIMMS MAGNETO Co., Ltd., 12 Rue de Courcelles, Levallois-Perret

STUART & STICHTER, 18 Avenue des Ternes, Paris (Splitdorf)

UNTERBERG & HELME, 166 Rue Lafayette, Paris (U.H.)

GERMAN.

BERGMANN'S INDUSTRIEWERKE, Gaggneau (G.m.b.H.)

BERGMANN'S INDUSTRIEWERKE, Gaggneau (GmbH)

BOSCH MAGNETOS, 11 Hopperlaustrasse, Stuggart

BOSCH MAGNETOS, 11 Hopperlaustrasse, Stuttgart

EISEMANN & CO., 61 Rosenbergstrasse, Stuttgart

EISEMANN & CO., 61 Rosenberg Street, Stuttgart

FIELDER (W.), Eisenach (Ruthardt)

HAENDLER (A.), 52 Heidestrasse, Berlin

HAENDLER (A.), 52 Heidestraße, Berlin

MEA (G.m.b.H.), Stuttgart

MEA (GmbH), Stuttgart

RAPID ACCUMULATOREN & MOTOREN WERKE, 149 Haupstrasse, Schoneberg-Berlin

RAPID ACCUMULATORS & MOTORS WORKS, 149 Haupstrasse, Schoneberg-Berlin

RUTHARDT & Co., 77 Olachstrasse, Stuttgart

SCHOELLER (A.), Frankfort

SCHOELLER (A.), Frankfurt

TAUNUS ZUNDERFABRIK (G.m.b.H.), Frankfort

TAUNUS ZUNDERFABRIK (GmbH), Frankfurt

UNTERBERG & HELME, Durlach, Baden

WECKERLEIN & STOCKER, 7 Wodanstrasse, Nuremberg (Moris)

ITALIAN.

BOSCH MAGNETOS, 18 Via San Vittore, Milan

EISEMANN & Co., Ditta Secondo Pratti, 32 Carlo-Alberto, Milan

EISEMANN & Co., Company Secondo Pratti, 32 Carlo-Alberto, Milan

LUCINI (Enrico), 3 Via Petrarca, Milan

SWEDISH.

BOSCH MAGNETOS, Fritz Egnall, Norra Bantorget 29, Stockholm

SWISS.

KESSERLING (F.) & Cie, Schaffhouse

KESSERLING (F.) & Cie, Schaffhausen

KOMET, 95 Brunaustrasse, Zurich

U.S.A.

USA

BOSCH MAGNETOS:—

160 West St., 56th Street, New York.
223 & 225 West 46th Street, New York.
1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago
357 Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco

DAYTON ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING Co., 98 St. Clair Street, Dayton, Ohio

DOW MANUFACTURING Co., Braintree

FAWN RIVER MFTG. Co., Constantine, M.

FAWN RIVER MFG. Co., Constantine, MI.

FISCH (Geo. L.), 1451 Michigan Avenue, Chicago

FISCH (Geo. L.), 1451 Michigan Ave, Chicago

HEINZE ELECTRIC Co., Lowelle, Mass.

HEINZE ELECTRIC Co., Lowell, MA.

HOLTZER, CABOT ELECTRIC Co., Boston (H.C.)

K.W. IGNITION Co., 30 Power Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio

K.W. IGNITION Co., 30 Power Ave, Cleveland, OH

MEA MAGNETOS, Marburg Bros., Inc., U.S. Rubber Buildings, New York. Also Detroit and Chicago.

MEA MAGNETOS, Marburg Bros., Inc., U.S. Rubber Buildings, New York. Also in Detroit and Chicago.

MOTSINGER DEVICE MFTG. Co., Pendleton, Ind.

MOTSINGER DEVICE MFG. Co., Pendleton, IN.

PITTSFIELD SPARK OIL Co., Dayton

Pittsfield Spark Oil Co., Dayton

REMY ELECTRIC Co., Anderson, Ind.

REMY ELECTRIC Co., Anderson, IN

SPLITDORF Co.

261-265 Walton Avenue, New York.
138th Street, New York.

[Pg 21d]

MISCELLANEOUS ACCESSORIES.

BELGIUM.

Belgium.

WANSON (Maurice), 10 Rue Jean Stas, Brussels

WANSON (Maurice), 10 Jean Stas Street, Brussels

BRITISH.

AEROS, Ltd., 139 St. James's Street, Piccadilly, London.

AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.

BRITISH AMERICAN Co., 300-33 Widdrington Road, Coventry

BRITANNIA ENGINEERING Co. (1910), Ltd., Britannia Works, Colchester

BRITISH EMALLITE Co., Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W.

BRITISH EMALLITE Co., Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, SW.

BRITISH INSULATED & HELSBY CABLES, Ltd., Warrington

BRITISH LOW ACCESSORIES Co., Ltd., 15 Great St. Helen's, London, E.C.

BONN (J.) & Co., Ltd., 97 New Oxford Street, London, W.C.

BOWDEN PATENTS, Ltd., Baldwin Gardens, London, W.C.

BROOKS (J.B.) & Co., Ltd., Criterion Works, Birmingham

BROWN (Bros.), Ltd., Birmingham

BROWN Bros. Ltd., Birmingham

BRAMPTON (Bros.), Ltd., Birmingham

BRAMPTON Bros., Ltd., Birmingham

BURBERRYS, The Haymarket, London, S.W. (Aviation Garments)

CENTRAL NOVELTY Co., 99 Snow Hill, Birmingham

CHATER, LEA, Ltd., 114 Golden Lane, London, E.C.

CHATER, LEA, Ltd., 114 Golden Lane, London, EC1.

CLARK (T. W. R.) & Co., Crown Works, High Street, Kingston-on-Thames

CLARK (T. W. R.) & Co., Crown Works, High Street, Kingston upon Thames

COAN (Robt. W.), 219 Goswell Road, London, E.C. (Aluminium Castings.)

COWEY ENGINEERING Co., Ltd., 1 Albemarle Street, London, W.

CRAMPTON & Co., 73 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

CRAMPTON & Co., 73 Queen Victoria Street, London, EC.

CROSLEY, LOCKWOOD & SON, 7 Stationer's Hall Court, London, E.C. (Publishers)

DING, SAYERS & Co., Elm Gardens, Mitcham, Surrey

DOBBIE McINNES, Ltd., Glasgow, N.B.

DOBBIE McINNES, Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland.

DRESSER & GARLE, Regent House, Regent Street, London, W.

DRUMMOND BROS., Ltd., Ryde's Hill, Guildford

EISEMANN MAGNETO Co., 43 Berners Street, London, W.

ESSEX ACCUMULATOR Co., 499 Grove Green Road, Leytonstone, London, N.E.

EVANS (Geo.) & Co., 94 Albany Street, Regent's Park, London, N.W.

FLATHER (W. T.), Ltd., Standard Steel Works, Sheffield

FRASER BEGG & Co., Ilford.

FONTEYN & Sons, 76 Newman Street. London, W.

FONTEYN & Sons, 76 Newman Street, London, W.

FOULIS (Wilfred), Ltd., Sunbury News, Belford Road, Edinburgh

GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS, Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W.

GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS, Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, SW.

GEOGRAPHIA DESIGNING & PUBLISHING Co., Ltd., 33 Strand, London, E.C. (Maps, etc.)

HAIM (N. S.), 69 Mark Lane, London, E.C.

HAIM (N. S.), 69 Mark Lane, London, EC1.

HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, S.W.

HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, SW.

HARRIS & SAMUEL, 10 Dean Street, Oxford Street, London, W.

HASLER TELEGRAPH WORKS, 26 Victoria Street, London, S.W. (Indicators)

HASLER TELEGRAPH WORKS, 26 Victoria Street, London, SW. (Indicators)

HELLEKEN, Ltd., 133 Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.

HILL (ROWLAND) & Sons, Ltd., Albion Foundry, Coventry

HOBSON (H. H.), Ltd., 29 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London, S.W.

HOBSON (H. H.), Ltd., 29 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London, SW.

HORA (E. & H.), Ltd., 36-38, Peckham Road, London, S.E.

HORA (E. & H.), Ltd., 36-38 Peckham Road, London, S.E.

HOYT METAL Co. OF GT. BRITAIN, Ltd., 26 Billiter Street, London, E.C.

HOYT METAL Co. OF GREAT BRITAIN, Ltd., 26 Billiter Street, London, E.C.

HUNTSMAN (B.), Attercliffe, Sheffield

HURLIN (J.) & Son, 191 Cambridge Road, London, E.

JENNINGS, GUILDING & Co., 60 Southgate Street, Gloucester

JONES Bros., Ltd., 12 York Street, Manchester (Fabrics, etc.)

KALKER (E.) & Co., Much Park Street, Coventry

KEMPSHALL TYRE Co., 1 Trafalgar Buildings, London, W.C.

KIRKBY BANKS SCREW Co., Ltd., Meadow Lane, Leeds

LAMPLOUGH & Sons, Ltd., Albion Works, Cumberland Park, London, N.W.

MALLINSON (Wm.) & Sons, 130-138 Hackney Road, London, N.E.

MARSH (Bros.) & Co., Ltd., Ponds Steel Works, Sheffield

MARKT & Co., 6 City Road, London, E.C.

MEA MAGNETO Co., Gresse Buildings, Stephen Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.

MELHUISH (R.), Ltd., 50 Fetter Lane, London, E.C.

MELHUISH (R.), Ltd., 50 Fetter Lane, London, EC1

MELLIN (F.) & Co., Salisbury Road, Kilburn, London

M. P. G. Co., 98 Tollington Park, London, N.

MOGUL TYRE Co., Ltd., 15 Carlton House, Regent Street, London, W.

MOTOR ACCESSORIES Co., 55 Great Marlborough Street, London, W.

MOTOR AVIATION Co., Ltd., 628 Martin's Lane, London, W.C.

NOBLES & HOARE, Ltd., Cornwall Road, Stamford Street, London, S.E.

NOBLES & HOARE, Ltd., Cornwall Road, Stamford Street, London, SE.

NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd., Castle Mills, Edinburgh

OWEN (Joseph) & Sons, Ltd., 199a Borough High Street, London, S.E. (Aeroplane Woods)

OWEN (Joseph) & Sons, Ltd., 199a Borough High Street, London, SE. (Aeroplane Woods)

PALMER (L. N.), 9a Trevelyan Road, Tooting, London, S.W.

PALMER TYRE Co., Ltd., Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W.C.

PIGGOTT Bros. & Co., Ltd., 220, 222, 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

POLDI STEEL Works, Napier Street, Sheffield

RANDALL (J. H.) & Co., Green Street Works, Paddington Green, London, W.

REASON MNFTG. Co., Ltd., Lewes Road, Brighton

RENOLD (Hans), Ltd., Progress Works, Brook Street, Manchester

ROE (A.V.), Gt. Ancoats Street, Manchester

ROE (A.V.), Great Ancoats Street, Manchester

ROGERS Bros., 33 Aldermanbury, London, E.C. (Fabrics, etc.)

ROLLETT (H.) & Co., "Avia Works," Coldbath Square, Rosebery Avenue, London, E.C.

ROSS, COURTNEY & Co., Ltd., Ashbrook Road, Upper Holloway, London, N.

RUBERY, OWEN & Co., Darlaston, Staffs.

RUTT (A.) 85 Cannon Road, Bromley

SCHAFFER & BUDENBERG, Whitworth Street, Manchester

SEEBOHM & DUCKSTAHL, Ltd., Dannemora Steel Works, Sheffield

SHORT (Bros.), Eastchurch, Sheppey

SMITH (F.) & Co., Ltd., Wire Manufacturers, Caledonia Works, Halifax

SNOWDEN & Sons, 427 Norwood Road, London, S.E.

SNOWDEN & Sons, 427 Norwood Road, London, SE.

SPEAR & JACKSON, Ltd., Aetna Works, Sheffield

SPIRAL TUBE & COMPONENTS Co., Caledonian Street, King's Cross, London, N.

SPENCER MOULTON (G.) & Co., Ltd., 77-9 Cannon Street, London, E.C.

STEWART & CLARKE MFTG. Co., 11 Denmark Street, Charing Cross, London, W.

STEWART & CLARKE MFG. Co., 11 Denmark Street, Charing Cross, London, W.

THORN & HODDLE ACETYLENE Co., Ltd., 151 Victoria Street, London, S.W.

THORN & HODDLE ACETYLENE Co., Ltd., 151 Victoria Street, London, SW.

TIMPERLEY (Chas. B.), 86b Snow Hill, Birmingham

TORMO MFTG. Co., 67 Bunhill Row, London, E.C.

TORMO MFTG. Co., 67 Bunhill Row, London, EC1

UNITED MOTOR INDUSTRIES, Ltd., 45-6 Poland Street, London, W.

UNIVERSAL AVIATION Co., 166 Piccadilly, London, W.

VAN DE RADEN & Co., Ltd., Great Heath, Coventry

VANDERVELL (C. A.) & Co., Warple Way, Acton Vale, London, W.

VENESTA, Ltd., 20 Eastcheap, London, E.C.

[Pg 22d] WARWICK WRIGHT, Ltd., 110 High Street, Manchester Square, London, W.

WEBSTER & BENNETT, Ltd., Atlas Works, Coventry

WEST LONDON SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS Co., Ltd., Premier Place, High Street, Putney, London, W.

WEST LONDON SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS Co., Ltd., Premier Place, High Street, Putneyney, London, W.

WHITELEY EXERCISER Ltd., 35-37 Southwark Bridge Road, London, S.E.

WHITELEY EXERCISER Ltd., 35-37 Southwark Bridge Road, London, SE.

WHITEMAN & MOSS, 8 Moor Street, Cambridge Circus, London, W.C.

FRENCH.

ACIERIES DE FIRMINY, Firminy, Loire

BARDOU, CLERGET & Cie, 12 Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris

BARDOU, CLERGET & Co., 12 Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris

BESSONEAU, 29 Rue du Louvre, Paris

BESSONEAU, 29 Louvre St, Paris

BLOT-GARNIER & CHEVALIER, 9 Rue Beudant, Paris

BLOT-GARNIER & CHEVALIER, 9 Beudant Street, Paris

BORDE (I.), 99 Boulevard, Haussmann, Paris

BORDE (I.), 99 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

BOREL et Cie, 11 Chemin de Pré-Gaudry, Paris

CARPENTIER (J.), 20 Rue Delamore, Paris

CARPENTIER (J.), 20 Delamore Street, Paris

CHAPMAN (H.), Rue Laffitte, Paris

CHAPMAN (H.), Laffitte Street, Paris

CACATRE, 35 Boulevard Saint-Jacques, Paris

CACATRE, 35 Blvd Saint-Jacques, Paris

DOUTRE (La Ste. An des Appareils d'Aviation), 58 Rue Tait bout, Paris

DOUTRE (The Ste. An of Aviation Devices), 58 Taitbout Street, Paris

DUCOMET, 11 Rue d'Abbeville, Paris

GAUDET (A.), 7 Avenue de Montreuille Fontenay-sous-Bois, Seine

GAUDET (A.), 7 Avenue de Montreuille, Fontenay-sous-Bois, Seine

GIRAUD (Ainé), 49 Rue Greffulhe, Levallois-Perret

GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris

GOMES (A. C.) & Cie, 63 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris

GROSSIORD (A.), Saint-Maurice, Seine

HANNOYER (F.), 69 Avenue Parmentier, Paris

HUE (E.), 63 Rue des Archives, Paris

LADIS LEWKOWICZ, Ervauville, Loviet

Ladis Lewkowicz, Ervauville, Loviet

LEFEBVRE & Cie, 76 Avenue de la République, Paris

LEVESQUES, Rue des Haudriettes, Paris

LUNKEN VALVE Co., 24 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris

MAXANT, 38 Rue Belgrand, Paris

MAXANT, 38 Belgrand Street, Paris

MAZELLIER ET CARPENTIER, 20 Rue Delambre, Paris

MAZELLIER AND CARPENTER, 20 Delambre Street, Paris

PAREME (J.), 203 Rue Lafayette, Paris

PAREME (J.), 203 Lafayette Street, Paris

PELON, 76 Avenue de la République, Paris

PELTRET & LAFAGE, 4 Rue des Rigoles, Paris

PERE (J.), 46 Boulevard Magenta, Paris

POIRELLE (Vve) & DOURDE, 4 Place Thorigny, Paris

PROTAIS, 12 Rue Montbrun, Paris

PROTAIS, 12 Montbrun Street, Paris

RICHARD (J.)

25 Rue Melingue, Paris
10 Rue Halevy, Paris

ROEBLING'S (J. A.) & Sons Co., Trenton, New Jersey

SCHAEFFER & BUDENBERG, 105 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris

SEEBOHM & DIECKSTAHL, 4 Rue Sanite-Ann, Paris

SOCIETE GENERALE D'APPAREILS DE CONTROLE, 105 Rue de la Convention, Paris

VALDENAIRE (H.), ADENET & Cie, 21, rue des Jeûneurs, Paris (Fabrics).

VALDENAIRE (H.), ADENET & Co., 21, rue des Jeûneurs, Paris (Fabrics).

GERMAN.

BAMBERG (Carl), Berlin-Friedenau

BASSE & SELVE, Altena

BUNGE (B.), Oranienstrasse, 20 Berlin, So. 26

BUNGE (B.), Oranienstraße 20, Berlin, So. 26

DEUTCHEN WAFFEN-V-MUNITIONSFABRIKEN, Dorotheenstrasse 43-41, Berlin N.W. 41

DEUTSCHEN WAFFEN- UND MUNITIONSFABRIKEN, Dorotheenstrasse 43-41, Berlin N.W. 41

EISEMAN MAGNETO Co., 61 Rosenbergstrasse, Nuremberg.

EISEMAN MAGNETO Co., 61 Rosenberg Street, Nuremberg.

FUESS (R.), Steglitz

HACKENSCHMIDT (Ch.), 7 Kramergasse, Strasbourg

MEA MAGNETO, S. Union Werke G.m.b.H. Feurbach-Stuttgart

MEA MAGNETO, S. Union Werke G.m.b.H. Feuerbach-Stuttgart

SPINDLER & HOYER, Goettingue

SPINDLER & HOYER, Göttingen

U.S.A.

USA

BRETZ (J. S.), & Co., Times Buildings, Byrant

BRETZ (J. S.), & Co., Times Buildings, Bryant

BROWN & Co., 1070 Clinton St., Syracuse, New York

CALIFORNIA AERO MFTG. & SUPPLY Co., 441-3 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco

CHURCH AEROPLANE Co., Brooklyn, New York

DELTOUR (J.), Inc., 496th Avenue, New York

FRASSE (Peter A.) & Co., 408 Commerce Street, Philadelphia

PEDERSEN MANUFACTURING Co., 636-644, First Avenue, New York

PEDERSEN MANUFACTURING Co., 636-644 First Avenue, New York

PENNSYLVANIA RUBBER Co., Jeannette, Pa.

PENNSYLVANIA RUBBER Co., Jeannette, PA.

RUBEL (R. O.), Louisville, Ky.

RUBEL (R. O.), Louisville, KY.

RUDOLPH (W. F.), Broad Street, Pa.

RUDOLPH (W. F.), Broad Street, PA.

SCOTT, Bros., Cadiz, Ohio

SCOTT, Bros., Cadiz, OH

STUPAR, 9626 Erie Avenue, Chicago

STUPAR, 9626 Erie Ave, Chicago

WEAVER-EBLING AUTOMOBILE Co., 2230 Broadway 79th Street, New York

WEAVER-EBLING AUTOMOBILE Co., 2230 Broadway, 79th Street, New York

WITTEMANN (C. & A.), 17-19 Ocean Terrace, Staten, 1st, New York

WILLIS (E. J.) & Co., 85 Chambers Street, New York

WILSON & SILSBY, Yacht Sailmakers, Rowe's Wharf, Boston, Mass.

WILSON & SILSBY, Yacht Sailmakers, Rowe's Wharf, Boston, MA.

[Pg 23d]

PACKERS AND SHIPPERS.

BRITISH.

British.

AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.

CARBURINE. (See Gas Lighting Improvement Co.)

DRESSER & GARLE, Regent House, Regent Street, London, W.

MOUNT (J. C.) & Co., 101, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W.

MOUNT (J. C.) & Co., 101 Grosvenor Road, London, SW

FRENCH.

BRAVARD, 40 Rue de l'Arbre-Sec Lyon, Rhone

BRAVARD, 40 Tree-Sec Street, Lyon, Rhône

GERFAUD (C.), 26 Rue du Chateau-d-Eau, Paris

GERFAUD (C.), 26 Chateau-d'Eau Street, Paris

LANGSTAFF, EHRENBERG & POLLACK, 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris

PAYSSE & Cie, 22 Rue Amperé, Paris

PAYSSE & Cie, 22 Amperé Street, Paris

ITALIAN.

AMBROSSETTI (G.), 32 Via Nizza, Turin

U.S.A.

USA

BRINE (B. S.), Transportation Co.

BRINE (B. S.), Transport Co.

PATENT AGENTS (Aerial Specialists).

BELGIAN.

HAMEL (J.), Liege

HAMEL (J.), Liège

WUNDERLICH & Cie., Brussels.

WUNDERLICH & Co., Brussels.

BRITISH.

BREWER & SONS, 35 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.

CHATWIN, HERSCHELL & Co., 253 Grays Inn Road, London, W.C.

EDWARDS (ARTHUR) & Co., Chancery Lane Station Chambers, Holborn, London, W.C.

MARKHAM & FRANCE, Dudley House, Southampton

ROGERS (F. M.) & Co., 21 Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C.

ROOTS (J. D.) & Co., Thanet House, Temple Bar, London, E.C.

STANLEY POPPLEWELL & Co., 38 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.

THOMPSON (W. P.) & Co., 285 High Holborn, London, W.C., and 6 Lord Street, Liverpool

WITHERS (J. S.) & SPOONER, 323 High Holborn, London, W.C.

FRENCH.

ARMENGAUD, Paris

BLETRY (C.), 2 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris

BRANDON FRÉRES, Paris

DUPONT & ELLUIN, 42 Bd. Bonne-Norwelle, Paris

DUPONT & ELLUIN, 42 Blvd. Bonne-Norwelle, Paris

JOUVE (Ad), Marseilles

JOUVE (Ad), Marseille

MESTRAL & HARLÉ, 21 rue de la Rochefoucault, Paris

MESTRAL & HARLÉ, 21 Rue de la Rochefoucauld, Paris

PICARD, 97 Rue St. Lazare, Paris.

WEISMANN & MARX, 90 rue d'Amsterdam, Paris

WEISMANN & MARX, 90 Amsterdam Street, Paris

GERMAN.

ANSBERT VERREITER, Berlin W. 57

ANSBERT VERREITER, Berlin West 57

BEZUGSQUELLEN-AUSKUNFTEI, Berlin.

BEZUGSQUELLEN-INFO, Berlin.

ITALIAN.

BARZANO & ZANARDO, via Bagutta 24, Milan

SPANISH.

BOLIBAR (G.), Barcelona.

U.S.A.

USA

EVANS (Victor J.) & Co., 724-726, Ninth St. N.W. Washington, D.C.

EVANS (Victor J.) & Co., 724-726 Ninth St. NW, Washington, D.C.

OWEN (Richard B.), Dept. 5, Owen Building, Washington, D.C.

PARKER (C. L.), 30 McGill Building, Washington, D.C.

[Pg 24d]

PETROL.

AUSTRIAN.

Austrian.

LEDERER (W.) (Galizche Karpathen Petroleum A.G.), Galicia

LEDERER (W.) (Galician Carpathian Petroleum A.G.), Galicia

NAPHTE UNGARISCHE, 33 Vaczi-Korut, Budapest, Hungary

NAPHTE UNGARISCHE, 33 Váci Körút, Budapest, Hungary

RUSSIAN-AMERICAN OIL Co., 42 Zozsef, Budapest VIII., Hungary

BELGIAN.

BELGIAN BENZINE Co. (Motogazolin), Haren-Nord

MOTTAY & PISCART (Motocarline), Haren-Nord-lez-Brussels

MOTTAY & PISCART (Motocarline), Haren-Nord-lez-Brussels

BRITISH.

BRIT.

ANGLO-AMERICAN OIL Co., Ltd., 36-38 Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster, London, S.W. (Pratt's)

BOWLEYS & Son, Wellington Works, Battersea, London, S.W.

BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., 5, Billiter Avenue, E.C.

BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., 5 Billiter Avenue, E.C.

BRITISH PETROLEUM Co., 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C. (Shell)

CARLESS, CAPEL & LEONARD, Hope Chemical Works, Hackney Wick, London, N.E.

GAS LIGHTING IMPROVEMENT Co., Ltd. (Carburine.)

7 Bishopsgate Street Without, London, E.C.
Royston Castle, Shore Road, Granton, Edinburgh

PETROLES DE GROSNYI (Russie) (P.G.R.), 101 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.

PETROLES DE GROSNYI (Russia) (P.G.R.), 101 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.

BRITISH COLONIES, etc.

WILSON (J.), 119 Rue Common, Montreal, Canada

WILSON (J.), 119 Common St, Montreal, Canada

DANISH.

Danish.

BEAUVAL & SAXLUND, 18 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen

MEYER & HENCKEL, 60 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen

FRENCH.

DEUTSCH (Les de) (Moto-Naptha), 50 Rue de Chateaudun, Paris

FANTO (Cie Des Petroles), 74 Rue St. Lazare, Paris

FANTO (Oil Company), 74 St. Lazare Street, Paris

FENAILLE & DESPEAUX (Benzo Moteur), 11 Rue de Conservatoire, Paris

FIRBACK (E.), 16 Rue Violet, Paris

GERFAUD (C.), 26 Rue du Chateau-d-Eau, Paris

GERFAUD (C.), 26 Rue du Château-d'Eau, Paris

GRAMMONT (Raffineries) (Lesourd), Tours

GRAMMONT (Refineries) (Lesourd), Tours

GUILLAND & VALLET, 36 Chemin St. Mathieu, Lyon

LANGSTAFF, EHRENBERG & POLLACK, 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris

LASSAILLY (L.), 12 Rue d'Oney, Vitry, Seine

LILLE, BONNIERES ET COLOMBES (Soc. Anym.) (Vaporine & Spiritol), 10 Rue des Pyramides, Paris

LILLE, BONNIERES AND COLOMBES (Anym. Corp.) (Vaporine & Spiritol), 10 Pyramides Street, Paris

NAPHTE CASPIEBBE ET DE LA MER NOIRE (Société), 26 Rue Lafitte, Paris

NAPHTE CASPIEBBE ET DE LA MER NOIRE (Company), 26 Rue Lafitte, Paris

PETROLES (Cie Generale des) (Naphtacycle), 2 Rue Fongate, Marseilles

PETROLES (Cie Industrielle des), 12 Rue Blanc, Paris

PETROLES (Industrial Company of), 12 Rue Blanc, Paris

PETROLES DE BINAGADI BAKOU (Soc. des), 11 Place des Vosges, Paris

RAFFINERIE DE PETROLE DU DUNQUERQUE (ENERGIE) (Touriste), 24 Rue Joubert, Paris

RAFFINERIE DE PETROLE DU DUNQUERQUE (ENERGY) (Tourist), 24 Joubert Street, Paris

RAFFINERIE DE PETROLE DU NORD, 26 Rue d'Enghien, Paris (Eoline).

ITALIAN.

ARNOLDIE (G.) & Cie, 37 Via Pavlo da Cannobis, Milan

PETROLI D'ITALIA (Soc.) (Italia), 12 Via Andegari, Milan

PETROLIO (Soc. Ital. Americana), 76 Piazzi Cinque Lampa, Genoa

ROUMANIAN.

ROMANIAN.

AQUILA, Franco-Romana, Bucharest

AQUILA, Franco-Roman, Bucharest

ETOILE ROUMAINE, Bucharest

RUSSIAN.

KAISER (B.), Baku

NANOYAN & Cie, Batum

NANOYAN & Co, Batumi

PITOEFF & Cie, Taflis

PITOEFF & Cie, Tbilisi

SCHIBAEFF & Cie, Baku

TER-AKOPOFF, 3 Place Isaac, St. Petersburg

SPANISH.

CATASUS & Co., 1 Colon, Barcelona

DESMARIS FRERES, 8 Rue Claire, Madrid

FOURCADEY PROVOT, 8 Calle de Fernaflor, Madrid

VILELLA, Tarragona

Vilella, Tarragona

SWISS.

HUILES MINERALES (SOCIETE SUISSE POUR LE COMMERCE DE), Route de Frontenex, Geneva

HUILES MINERALES (SWISS COMPANY FOR TRADE IN OILS), Route de Frontenex, Geneva

U.S.A.

USA

ELLIS & Co., 11 Broadway, New York

PETROLEUM OIL TRUST, 27 William Street, New York

PETROLEUM OIL TRUST, 27 William St, New York

PURE OIL Co., 11 William Street, New York

[Pg 25d]

PROPELLERS.

BELGIAN.

WANSON (Maurice), 10 Rue Jean Spas, Brussels

BRITISH.

British.

AVRO. (See Roe (A.V.) & Co.)

BENEY (R.) & Co., 7 Carlisle Street, Oxford Street, London, W.

BLACKBURN (B.), Balm Road, Leeds

BLACKBURN (B.), Balm Rd, Leeds

BRITISH & COLONIAL AEROPLANE Co., Ltd., Bristol

BROWN Bros., Ltd., 22-34 Great Eastern Street, London, E.C.

CLARKE (T. W. K.) & Co., 26 Clarges Street, London, W.

DOVER AVIATION Co., Ltd., Dover (Normale)

DOVER AVIATION Co., Ltd., Dover (Normal)

GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W. (Rapid)

GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, SW. (Rapid)

GRAHAME-WHITE (C.) & Co., Ltd., 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London, W.

HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, S.W.

HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, SW.

HARRIS & SAMUELS, 10 Dean Street, Oxford Street, London, W.

HOLLAND & HOLLAND, 479-483 Oxford Street, London, W.

LUDWIG LOEWE & Co., Ltd., 30-32 Farringdon Road, London, E.C.

LUDWIG LOEWE & Co., Ltd., 30-32 Farringdon Road, London, EC1

MADISON DYNAMO ELECTRIC Co., Littleover, Derby

MACFIE (R.F.) &. Co., Norwich Union Chambers, St. James' Street, London, W.

MACFIE (R.F.) & Co., Norwich Union Chambers, St. James' Street, London, W.

MOTOR ACCESSORIES Co., 55 Great Marlborough Street, London, W.

PIGGOTT (Bros.) & Co., Ltd., 220-222-224 Bishopsgate, London, E.C.

ROE (A. V.) & Co., Brownsfield Mills, Manchester

SMITH & DOREY (G. H. & W. H.), Ltd., 14a Great Marlborough Street, London, W.

SPENCER & SONS (C. G.), 56a, Highbury Grove, London, N.

TWINING AEROPLANE Co., 29b Grosvenor Road, Hanwell, London, W.

WEBB, PEET & Co., Gloucester

W.B.G. (See Wilson, Bros. & Gibson)

WILSON (Bros.) & GIBSON, Twickenham (W. B. G.)

WRIGHT (Howard T.) (See Howard Wright)

WOOD (T.B.), Littleover Works, Derby

WOOD (T.B.), Littleover Factory, Derby

FRENCH.

APPAREILS AÉRIENS (Société de Construction D'), 36 Rue du Bois, Levallois-Perret

APPAREILS AÉRIENS (Construction Company), 36 Rue du Bois, Levallois-Perret

AVIA (Société Générale D'Industrie Aéronautique), 62 Rue de Provence, Paris

BAUDOT & PAZ, 22 Avenue de la Grande Armée, Paris

BAUJARD (Claude), 309, Faubourg Sainte-Antoine, Paris (Eola)

BREQUET (Louis), Boulevard Vauban, Douai

BREQUET (Louis), Vauban Boulevard, Douai

CHAUVIÈRE (L.), 52 Rue Servan, Paris (Integrale)

CHERVILLE (M.), 6 Place de l'Odéon, Paris.

DOREY (W.H.), 14 Rue Torricelli, Paris

DOREY (W.H.), 14 Torricelli Street, Paris

DURVILLE (P. N. G.), 38 Rue Jouffroy, Paris.

EOLA (See Baugard)

ESNAULT-PELTERIE (ETABLISSEMENTS), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (R.E.P.)

ESNAULT-PELTERIE (ESTABLISHMENTS), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (R.E.P.)

GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris

HELICE (E.T.M.), PARIS INGENIEUR, 17 Rue Cassette, Paris

HELICE (E.T.M.), PARIS ENGINEER, 17 Rue Cassette, Paris

KAPFERER (M.), 2 Avenue de Messine, Paris (Aero-propulser). (A.P.)

KOECHLIN (P.), 45 Rue Denfert-Rochereau, Boulogne, S.

LABANHIE ET RUTHER, 2 Rue de Seine, Suresnes

LETORD & NIEPCE, 15 Rue Paira et 23 Terre-Neuve, Mendon (Dargent)

LETORD & NIEPCE, 15 Rue Paira and 23 Terre-Neuve, Mendon (Dargent)

LIORE, 4 bis, Rue de Cormeille, Levallois-Perret

PANHARD & LEVASSOR (Société Des Anciens Établissements), 19 Avenue D,'Ivry, Paris

PANHARD & LEVASSOR (Society of Former Establishments), 19 Avenue D'Ivry, Paris

PASSERAT & RADIQUET (Établissements), 127 Rue Michel-Bigot, Paris (Progressive)

PASSERAT & RADIQUET (Establishments), 127 Michel-Bigot Street, Paris (Progressive)

PELLIAT (L.), 15 Grand Rue, Asnières (Rationnelle)

PELLIAT (L.), 15 Grand Rue, Asnières (Rational)

PEYZARET-PARANT, 4 bis, Rue Louis-Philippe, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Paris

RATMANOFF, 9 Rue Eugène-Eichenberger, Piteaux (Normale)

RATMANOFF, 9 Rue Eugène-Eichenberger, Piteaux (Normal)

RÉGY FRERES (Les Fils de), 120 et 122 Rue de Javel, Paris

RÉGY FRERES (The Sons of), 120 and 122 Rue de Javel, Paris

R. E. P. (See Esnault-Pelterie)

ROSSEL-PEUGOT, Sochaux, près Montbéliard (Doubs) (Société Anonyme des Constructions Aériennes)

ROSSEL-PEUGOT, Sochaux, near Montbéliard (Doubs) (Public Limited Company of Aeronautical Constructions)

TELLIER (CHANTIERS), Juvissy

TELLIER (CONSTRUCTION SITES), Juvissy

THOMAS, 5 Rue des Tanneries, Paris

THOMAS, 5 Tanneries St, Paris

VINOGRADOW (MICHEL), 83 Quai d'Issy, Issy-les-Moutisn

VINOGRADOW (MICHEL), 83 Quai d'Issy, Issy-les-Moulineaux

VOISIN, 34 Quai du Point-du-Jour, Billancourt

VUITTON (LOUIS), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris

GERMAN.

ERSTE-DEUTSCHE AUTOMOBIL-FACHSCHULE, Mainz

FICHTEL & SACHS, Schweinfurt A.M.

PARSEVAL, Bitterfield

SCHLOTTER (G.A.), Dresden-A. 16

SCHLOTTER (G.A.), Dresden, A. 16

U.S.A.

USA

AERIAL PROPELLER Co., White Plains, New York

AMERICAN PROPELLER Co., Washington, D.C. (Paragon)

BRAUNER (P.) & Co., 335-339 East 102nd Street, New York

CRAFTSMAN PERFECT PROPELLERS, 626 Erie Avenue, Chicago

CRAFTSMAN PERFECT PROPELLERS, 626 Erie Ave, Chicago

DETROIT AERONAUTIC CONSTRUCTION Co., 306 Holcomb Avenue, Detroit, Michigan

DUQUET (L. G), 107 W. 36th Street, New York

GREEN (Rurl. H.), 515 Delta Buildings, Los Angeles, Cal.

GREEN (Rurl. H.), 515 Delta Buildings, Los Angeles, CA.

HOLBROOK AERO. SUPPLY Co., Joplin, Mo.

HOLBROOK AERO SUPPLY CO., Joplin, MO.

REQUA-GIBSON, 225 West 49th Street, New York

STUPAR (M.), 9626 Erie Avenue, Chicago

STUPAR (M.), 9626 Erie Ave, Chicago

WILCOX PROPELLER, Box 181 Madison Square, New York

[Pg 26d]

RADIATORS.

BELGIAN.

TOLÉRIE AUTOMOBILE BELGE, 17 Rue des Boyards, Liège

TOLÉRIE AUTOMOBILE BELGE, 17 Boyards Street, Liège

BRITISH.

UK.

ALBANY MANUFACTURING Co., Willesden Junction, London, N.W.

COVENTRY MOTOR FITTING Co., Far Gasford Street, Coventry

DOHERTY MOTOR COMPONENTS, Ltd., Coventry

LAMPLOUGH & Son, Ltd., Willesden Junction, London, N.W. (Lamplough-Albany)

MOTOR RADIATOR MANUFACTURING Co.:—

Parkside, Coventry
23 Tanner Street, Bermondsey, London, S.E.

SPIRAL TUBE & COMPONENTS Co., Caledonia Street, King's Cross, London, N.

FRENCH.

ARQUEMBOURG (Louis), 157 Faubourg, Saint-Denis, Paris

BANNEVILLE, 119 Rue Saint-Maur, Paris

BARDOU (E.), 150 Rue Victor-Hugo, Levallois-Perret

BARDOU (E.), 150 Victor-Hugo Street, Levallois-Perret

BAUDIER (Ch.), 30-32 Rue Baudin, Levallois-Perret

BISIAUX, 11 Rue Petit, Paris

BONFILS, 37 Avenue de Saint-Mandé, Paris

BRACHTEN ET GALLAY, Bellegarde

CHAMPESME, 5 Rue La Vieuville, Paris

CHAROY (G.) Et Cie, 5 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris

CHAROY (G.) & Co, 5 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris

CHAUSSON Frères, 27 Rue Malakoff, Asnieres

CHAUSSON Brothers, 27 Malakoff Street, Asnieres

CHIROL & Cie, 53 Rue de Lorraine, Levallois-Perret

CHOUBERSKY (Société Anonyme des Etablissements), 20 Rue Félicien-David, Paris

CHOUBERSKY (Public Limited Company of Establishments), 20 Félicien-David Street, Paris

COCHAUX (Emile), Deville

DARBILLY (J.), 198 Boulevard Pereire, Paris

DESNOYERS Freres, 116 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris

DURAND, GIROUX & Cie, 5 Rue Saint-Marri, Paris

ELECTRIC ACETYLENE (L.), 52 Rue Balay, Saint-Etienne

ELECTRIC ACETYLENE (L.), 52 Rue Balay, Saint-Étienne

ELOY (Lucien), Rue Louis Soyer, Villemonble

ELOY (Lucien), Louis Soyer Street, Villemonble

ENTREPOT METALLURGIGUE (L.), 5 Passage de l'Industrie, Paris

ESTABLIE Freres et Louis Establie, 11 Quai de Valmy, Paris

FREES (De), 19 Rue de Recroy, Paris

FUREST (G.) et Cie, 32 Boulevard Henri-IV., Paris

FUREST (G.) and Co., 32 Boulevard Henri-IV, Paris

GAY ET BOURGOENS, 53 Rue Louis-Blanc, Lyon

GAY ET BOURGOENS, 53 Louis-Blanc Street, Lyon

GOUDARD MENNESSON, 119 Rue de Montreuil, Paris

GRIMMEISEN (Ch. & G.), 5 et 7 Passage Piver, 92 Faubourg du Temple, Paris

GRIMMEISEN (Ch. & G.), 5 and 7 Passage Piver, 92 Faubourg du Temple, Paris

GRENIER & MERCIER (SOCIETÉ ANONYME DES ETABLISSEMENTS), 8 Avenue de Bouvines, Paris

GRENIER & MERCIER (PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY), 8 Avenue de Bouvines, Paris

GROUVELLE, ARQUEMBOURG ET Cie, Rue du Moulin-Vert, Paris (Arécal)

GROUVELLE, ARQUEMBOURG & Co., Moulin-Vert Street, Paris (Arécal)

LAEIS & Cie, 86 Rue de Villiers, Levallois-Perret

LAMBERT (P.) et Cie

LAMBERT (P.) and Co.

109 Rue de Paris, Puteaux
36 Rue Vitruve, Paris

LE BRUN ET LECOMTE, 14 Rue Victor-Hugo, Puteaux

LE BRUN AND LECOMTE, 14 Victor-Hugo Street, Puteaux

LIOTARD Freres, 22 Rue de Lorraine, Paris

LIOTARD Brothers, 22 Rue de Lorraine, Paris

LORTHIOY (E.), 9 Avenue du Clos, St. Maur-les-Fosses

MARCHAL (A.), 9 Rue de l'Hotel-de-Ville, Neuilly-sur-Seine

MARCHAL (A.), 9 Hotel de Ville Street, Neuilly-sur-Seine

MONTBARBON (Société Anonyme), 47 bis, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (Loziano)

MONTBARBON (Public Company), 47 bis, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (Loziano)

MONNET & MOYNE, 11 Rue Torricelli, Paris

MOREUX (G.) & Cie, 24 Rue Fromont, Lyon (G.M.)

MOREUX (G.) & Co, 24 Fromont Street, Lyon (G.M.)

OSSANT Freres, 29 Rue Arago, Puteaux

OSSANT Brothers, 29 Arago Street, Puteaux

PRINI ET BERTHAUD, 23 Rue Servan, Paris

PROUX, Boulevard Pont-Ochard, Poitiers

PROUX, Pont-Ochard Boulevard, Poitiers

RADIATORS ET RÉFRIGÉRATUERS (Société des), 54 Rue de la Chapelle, Saint-Ouen (Sans Soudure)

RADIATORS AND REFRIGERATORS (Company of), 54 Rue de la Chapelle, Saint-Ouen (Without Welding)

SCHLEY (A.) Et Cie, 204 Rue Saint-Maur (Loyal)

SCHLEY (A.) & Co., 204 Saint-Maur Street (Loyal)

SERROVAL (De) Et MASSE, 17 Rue David, Lyon

SERROVAL (De) Et MASSE, 17 David Street, Lyon

TOPOLSKI, 53 Boulevard de Belleville, Paris

VIGNEAUX, 5 Rue Bacon, Paris

ITALIAN.

ALGOSTINO, BALAGNA, MAGNINO & Cia, 107 Madama Cristina, Turin

BONO & Co. (Societa Italiana), 54 Corso Porta, Vittoria, Milan

BONO & Co. (Italian Company), 54 Corso Porta, Vittoria, Milan

GALIMBERTI, 20 Via Senato, Milan

SPANISH.

COROMINAS (Ricardo), 45 Torrente de la Olla, Barcelona

SWISS.

HENNEBERG & DEY, à la Jonction, Geneve-Frontenex

HENNEBERG & DEY, at the Junction, Geneva-Frontenex

U.S.A.

USA

AERIAL NAVIGATION Co., of AMERICA, Girard, Kansas (Call.)

EL. ARCO Co., 6 East 31st Street, New York

KINSEY MFTG. Co., Dayton, Ohio

KINSEY MFG. Co., Dayton, Ohio

LIVINGSTONE RADIATOR Co., 6 East 31st Street, New York

LONG MFTG. Co., 1430 Michigan Avenue, Chicago

MAYO RADIATOR Co., New Haven, Con.

MAYO RADIATOR Co., New Haven, CT.

McCORD & Co., 1400 and 1440 Old Colony Buildings, Chicago

MOTOR COMPONENTS MFTG. Co., 119 E. Walnut Street, Desmoines, Iowa

MOTOR COMPONENTS MFG. Co., 119 E. Walnut Street, Des Moines, Iowa

ROME-TURNEY RADIATOR Co., East 31st Street, New York

WOLVERINE RADIATOR Co., 124 Sidney Avenue, Detroit, Mich.

WOLVERINE RADIATOR Co., 124 Sidney Avenue, Detroit, MI.

[Pg 27d]

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF AEROPLANES.

Abbreviations:—Aust=Austro-Hungarian; Bel=Belgian; Brit.=British; Ger.=German; Ital.=Italian; Jap.=Japanese; Rou.=Roumanian; Rus.=Russian.

Abbreviations:—Aust=Austro-Hungarian; Bel=Belgian; Brit.=British; Ger.=German; Ital.=Italian; Jap.=Japanese; Rou.=Romanian; Rus.=Russian.

A

Aeros., Brit., 37

Aeros., Brit., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Aerial Exhibition Co., U.S.A., 207

Aerial Exhibition Co., USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Aerial Yacht Co., U.S.A., 207

Aerial Yacht Co., USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Aircraft Factory "B. E." Brit., 37

Aircraft Factory "B. E." Brit., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Brit., 37

Aircraft Manufacturing Co., UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Albatross, Ger., 131

Albatross, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

American Aeroplane Supply House, U.S.A., 207

American Aircraft Supply Company, U.S.A., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Antoni, Ital., 172

Antoni, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ask, Swede, 197

Ask, Swede, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Asteria, Ital., 172

Asteria, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Aviatik, Ger., 133

Aviatik, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Avro, Brit., 38

Avro, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

B

Baldwin, U.S.A., 208

Baldwin, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Bayard-Clement, 87

Bayard-Clement, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Behueghe, Bel., 28

Behueghe, Bel., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Benoist, U.S.A., 209

Benoist, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Blackburn, Brit., 40

Blackburn, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Blair Atholl, Brit., 42

Blair Atholl, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Bleriot, French, 81

Bleriot, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Boland, U.S.A., 209

Boland, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Borel, French, 83

Borel, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Bracke, A. Bel., 28

Bracke, A. Bel., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Breguet, French, 84

Breguet, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Bristol, Brit., 42

Bristol, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Bronislawski, Rus., 190

Bronislawski, Rus., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Burgess, U.S.A., 210

Burgess, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Burgess-Curtis, U.S.A., 211

Burgess-Curtis, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Burgess-Wright, U.S.A., 210

Burgess-Wright, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

C

Calderara, Ital., 173

Calderara, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Caproni, Ital., 174

Caproni, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Caudron, French, 66

Caudron, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Chiribiri, Ital., 174

Chiribiri, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Christmas, U.S.A., 212

Christmas, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Clement Bayard, French, 87

Clement Bayard, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Cody, Brit., 45

Cody, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Cooke, U.S.A., 212

Cooke, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Coventry Ordnance Co., Brit., 46

Coventry Ordnance Co., UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Curtiss, U.S.A., 213

Curtiss, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

D

Dahlbeck, Swede., 197

Dahlbeck, Sweden., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

D'Artois, French, 88

D'Artois, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

De Brouckere, Dutch, 28

De Brouckere, Dutch, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

De la Hault, Bel., 28

De la Hault, Bel., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Deperdussin, French, 89

Deperdussin, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Donnet-Leveque, French, 90

Donnet-Leveque, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Doutre, French, 91

Doutre, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Dorner, Ger., 134

Dorner, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Dunne, Brit., 47

Dunne, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Dux, Rus., 190

Dux, Russia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

E

Etrich, Ger., 134

Etrich, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Etrich, Aust., 18

Etrich, Austria, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Euler, Ger., 135

Euler, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ewen, Brit., 48

Ewen, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

F

Farman, H., French, 92

Farman, H., French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Farman, M., French, 92

Farman, M., French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ferguson, Brit., 48

Ferguson, Britain, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Fokker, Dutch, 72

Fokker, Dutch, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Fokker, Ger., 136

Fokker, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Friuli, Ital., 175

Friuli, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

G

Gallaudet, U.S.A., 214

Gallaudet, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Geltouchow, Rus., 190

Geltouchow, Russia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Goedecker, Ger., 138

Goedecker, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Goupy, French, 94

Goupy, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Grade, Ger., 138

Grade, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Grahame-White, Brit., 49

Grahame-White, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Grandjean, Swiss., 199

Grandjean, Switzerland, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Guidoni, Ital., 175

Guidoni, Italy, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

H

Handley Page, Brit., 50

Handley Page, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Hanriot, French, 95

Hanriot, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Hansa Taube, Ger., 138

Hansa Taube, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Hanuschke, Ger., 140

Hanuschke, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Harlan, Ger., 139

Harlan, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Harel, Bel., 28

Harel, Bel., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Howard-Flanders, Brit., 51

Howard-Flanders, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

I

Internat. Ae. Con. Co., U.S.A., 217

Internat. Ae. Con. Co., U.S.A., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

J

Jatho, Ger., 140

Jatho, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Jeannin, Ger., 141

Jeannin, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

K

Kahnt, Ger., 141

Kahnt, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kennedy, Rus., 190

Kennedy, Russia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kirkham, U.S.A., 215

Kirkham, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kondor, Ger., 142

Kondor, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kuhlstein, Ger., 142

Kuhlstein, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

L

Lake Flying Co., Brit., 53

Lake Flying Co., UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Loening, U.S.A., 215

Loening, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Lohner-Daimler, Aust., 19

Lohner-Daimler, Austria, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

M

Mars, Ger., 143

Mars, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Martinsyde, Brit., 53

Martinsyde, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

McCurdy, Canada, 64

McCurdy, Canada, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Mercep, Aust., 20

Mercep, Australia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Monnier-Harper, Dutch, 72

Monnier-Harper, Dutch, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Morane-Saulnier, French, 96

Morane-Saulnier, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Moreau, French, 97

Moreau, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Mrozinski, Ger., 143

Mrozinski, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

N

Narahara, Jap., 181

Narahara, Japan, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Nieuport, French, 98

Nieuport, France, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Nyrop, Swede, 197

Nyrop, Swedish, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

O

Oertz, Ger., 144

Oertz, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Otto, Ger., 144

Otto, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P

Paulhan-Curtiss, French, 99

Paulhan-Curtiss, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Pega-Emich, Ger., 145

Pega-Emich, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Piggott, Brit., 54

Piggott, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Pippart-Noll, Ger., 145

Pippart-Noll, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Pischoff, French, 99

Pischoff, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

R

Radley-England, Brit., 54

Radley, England, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Rep, French, 100

Rep, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Rodjestveisky, Rus., 190

Rodjestveisky, Russia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Rumpler, Ger., 146

Rumpler, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ruth-Rohde, Ger., 147

Ruth Rohde, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

S

Sanchez Besa, French, 101

Sanchez Besa, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Savary, French, 102

Savary, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schelies, Ger., 147

Schelies, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schultze, Ger., 148

Schultze, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sellers, U.S.A., 215

Sellers, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Short, Brit., 54

Short, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sigismund, Ger., 148

Sigismund, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sloan, French, 103

Sloan, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sloane, U.S.A., 215

Sloane, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sommer, French, 104

Sommer, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sopwith, Brit., 57

Sopwith, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

T

Taddeoli, Swiss, 199

Taddeoli, Swiss, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Thomas, U.S.A., 216

Thomas, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Tokogawa, Jap., 181

Tokugawa, Japan, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Train, French, 105

Train, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Tubavion, French, 105

Tubavion, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

U

Union Flugzeugwerke, Ger., 149

Union Aircraft Works, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

V

Van den Burg, Dutch, 72

Van den Burg, Dutch, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Vickers, Brit., 58

Vickers, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Vinet, French, 106

Vinet, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Vlaiclu, Rou., 187

Vlaiclu, Rou., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Voisin, French, 107

Voisin, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Vreedenburgh, Dutch, 72

Vreedenburgh, Dutch, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

W

Warchalowski, Aust., 21

Warchalowski, Australia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Washington Co., U.S.A., 217

Washington County, U.S.A., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wetterwald, Swiss, 199

Wetterwald, Switzerland, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

White, Brit., 59

White, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Whitehead, Aust., 21

Whitehead, Australia, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Williams, Bel., 28

Williams, Bel., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wittemann, U.S.A., 217

Wittemann, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wright, Ger., 150

Wright, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Wright, U.S.A., 218-219

Wright, USA, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__-__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Z

Ziegler, Ger., 150

Ziegler, Ger., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ziegler, Aust., 21

Ziegler, Aust., __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Zodiac, French, 108

Zodiac, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

[Pg 28d]

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF DIRIGIBLES.

Adjutant Reau, French, 109 113

Adjutant Reau, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Adjutant Re Vincennot, French, 109 113

Adjutant Re Vincennot, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Astra, French, 111

Astra, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Astra Torres, British, 60

Astra Torres, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Astra Torres, French, 115

Astra Torres, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Astra III, Russian, 193

Astra III, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Astra Transaerien-Ville de Pau-Ville de Lucerne, French, 111

Astra Transaerien-City of Pau-City of Lucerne, French, 111

Astra Ville de Pau, French, 111

Astra City of Pau, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ausonia, Italian, 179

Ausonia, Italian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Beta, British, 60

Beta, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Boemcher II, Austrian, 23

Boemcher II, Austrian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Capitaine Ferber, French, 109

Captain Ferber, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Capitan Maréchal, French, 109

Captain Maréchal, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Citta di Milano, Italian, 177

City of Milan, Italian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Clement Bayard VI. French, 109

Clement Bayard VI. French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Clement Bayard, Russian, 191

Clement Bayard, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Colonel Renard, French, 109 112

Colonel Renard, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Commandant Coutelle, French, 109

Commandant Coutelle, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Delta, British, 60

Delta, BC, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Deutschland, German, 151

Germany, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Dupuy-de-Lôme, French, 117

Dupuy-de-Lôme, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Eclaireur Conté, French, 109 114

Eclairer Conté, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

Epsilon, British, 60

Epsilon, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ersatz Deutschland, German, 166

Ersatz Germany, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Espana, Spanish, 195

Spain, Spanish, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Fleurus, French, 109

Fleurus, France, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Forszmann, Russian, 191

Forszmann, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Gamma, British, 60

Gamma, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Hausa, German, 167

Hausa, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Italia, Italian, 179

Italy, Italian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Jastreb, Russian, 191

Jastreb, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Kommissiony, Russian, 191

Kommissiony, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Korting-Wimpassing, Austrian, 24

Korting-Wimpassing, Austria, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

La Belgique II & III, Belgian, 29 30

Lebaudy-Juillot 6, Austrian, 23

Lebedj, Russian, 191

Lebedj, Russian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Leonardo da Vinci, Italian, 179

Leonardo da Vinci, Italian artist, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Le Temps, French, 109

Le Temps, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Liberté, French, 109

Freedom, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Lieut. Chaure, French, 109 113

Lieutenant Chaure, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__

L I, German, 151

L I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

L II, German, 151

L II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Le Temps, French, 122

Le Temps, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Liberte, French, 109

Freedom, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

M I, German, 154

M I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

M II, German, 154

M II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

M III, German, 154

M III, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

M IV, German, 155

M IV, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Mannsbarth, Austrian, 24

Mannsbarth, Austria, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P I, German, 151

P I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P II Ersatz, German, 151

P II Ersatz, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P III, German, 151

P III, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P IV, German, 151

P IV, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P. L I, German, 151

P. L I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P. L 9, German, 151

P. L 9, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P. L XII, German, 151

P. L XII, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

P. L 10, German, 151

P. L 10, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Parseval, Austrian, 25

Parseval, Austrian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Parseval, British, 160

Parseval, British, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Parseval, German, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161

Parseval, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_3__, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_4__

Parseval, Italian, 177

Parseval, Italian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Parseval, Japanese, 182

Parseval, Japanese, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ruthenberg II, III, German, 162

Ruthenberg II, III, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Sachsen, German, 151

Saxony, Germany, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Schütte-Lanz I & II, German, 163

Schütte-Lanz I & II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

S. L I, German, 151

S. L I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

S. L II, German, 151

S. L II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Selle de Beauchamp, French, 109

Selle de Beauchamp, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Spiess, French, 109

Spiess, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Stollwerck, German, 151

Stollwerck, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Suchard, German, 163

Suchard, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

S. I. II, German, 151

S. I. II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Suchard, German, 151

Suchard, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Torres-Quevedo II, Spanish, 195

Torres-Quevedo II, Spanish, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Transaerienne II, French, 113

Transaerienne II, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Usuelli, Italian, 179

Usuelli, Italian, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Vanniman, 10d

Vanniman, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Viktoria Luise, German, 166

Viktoria Luise, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ville de Bruxelles, Belgian, 30

Brussels, Belgium, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ville de Lucerne, French, 111

City of Lucerne, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Ville de Paris, French, 110

City of Paris, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Willows, British, 60

Willows, UK, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Yamada, Japanese, 182

Yamada, Japanese, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Z I, German, 151

Z I, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Z II, German, 151

Z II, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Z III, German, 151

Z III, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Z IV, German, 151

Z IV, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Zeppelin, German, 164, 165 166

Zeppelin, German, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__

Zodiac III, French, 120

Zodiac III, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

Zodiac XII, French, 125

Zodiac 12, French, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__

[Pg i]

Contractors to the majority of leading governments of the world.

The Celebrated

Contractors to h. m. war office and admiralty.

"Bristol"

Aeroplanes.

Learn to fly

AT THE
"BRISTOL SCHOOLS"
AT SALISBURY PLAIN and BROOKLANDS.
AT THE
"BRISTOL SCHOOLS"
AT SALISBURY PLAIN and BROOKLANDS.

TUITION FEES is provided on all the newest "BRISTOL" MACHINES, which include:

80 H.P. Military Monoplanes.

50 H.P. Military Monoplanes.

50 H.P. Side-by-Side School Monoplanes.

Tractor Biplanes & School Biplanes.

SPECIAL FACILITIES AND REDUCED FEES TO SERVICE OFFICERS.

WRITE FOR INFO:
THE BRITISH & COLONIAL AEROPLANE Co., Ltd.,
FILTON, BRISTOL, ENG.

[Pg ii]

"EMPYREAN" POLICY

INSURING PILOTS OF AEROPLANES AGAINST

FIRE & EXPLOSION.
THIRD PARTY CLAIMS.

DAMAGE DURING TRANSIT.
INJURY TO EMPLOYEES.

ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE.
INJURY TO PILOTS.

Car & GENERAL
INSURANCE CORPORATION, LIMITED.

LIQUID ASSETS nearly £200,000.

NET INCOME, £290,000.

HEAD OFFICE:
1, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET (BANK), LONDON, E.C.

BRANCH OFFICES.

Branch Offices.

ABERDEEN—245, Union Street
BEDFORD—17, St. Paul's Square
BIRMINGHAM—Prince's Chambers, 6 Corporation Street
BRADFORD—Prudential Buildings, Ivegate
BRIGHTON—18, Queen's Road
BRISTOL—West India House, Bristol Bridge
CARDIFF—1, Bank Buildings (Ground Floor), St. Mary St.
CROYDON—52, North End
DUBLIN—33, Dawson Street
DUNDEE—14, Barrack Street
EALING—19, The Broadway
EDINBURGH—87, Shandwick Place

EXETER—28, Gandy Street
GLASGOW—163, West George Street
HANLEY—P.O. Chambers, Crown Bank
HULL—Walton Chambers, 48 Jameson Street
IPSWICH—St Mildred's Chambers, Cornhill
KENT—137-138, High Street, Bromley
LEEDS—Yorkshire Post Chambers, Albion Street
LEICESTER—1, Horsefair Street
LIVERPOOL—2, South John Street (Lord Street Corner)
LONDON, N.E.—124, High Street, Shoreditch
LONDON MID.—379, Strand, W.C.
LONDON S.—222, Great Dover Street, S.E.

LONDON S.W.—222, Great Dover Street, S.E.
LONDON W.—1, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly
MANCHESTER—1, Princess Street, Albert Square
NEWCASTLE—Pearl Buildings, Northumberland Street
NORTHAMPTON—Market Square
NOTTINGHAM—Westminster Buildings, Theatre Square
PLYMOUTH—90, Old Town Street
READING—Broadway Buildings, Station Road
RICHMOND—26, Hill Street
SHEFFIELD—King's Chambers, Angel St.
SOUTHAMPTON—Blenheim Chambers, Above Bar (the Junction)

WE ARE THE PIONEERS AND LEADERS IN ALL INSURANCE FACILITIES FOR MOTORISTS.

WE ARE THE FRONT-RUNNERS AND LEADERS IN ALL INSURANCE SERVICES FOR DRIVERS.

MORE THAN MONEY INDEMNITY.

MORE THAN MONEY INSURANCE.

Our 35 Branch Offices in charge of skilled Salaried Official, our Engineering Staff wholly in the service of the Corporation, our expert Claims Staff everywhere, and the fact that we are the Pioneers and Originators of all the Insurance Facilities now enjoyed by Motorists, enable us to offer something more than money indemnity; we can, and do, protect a motorist in a thousand ways, unobtainable elsewhere, by means of our experience and splendid organisation, and yet we only charge competitive rates of Premiums.

Our 35 branch offices staffed by skilled salaried officials, our engineering team completely dedicated to the corporation, our expert claims staff everywhere, and the fact that we are the pioneers and originators of all the insurance options currently available to motorists, allow us to offer more than just financial compensation; we can—and do—protect a motorist in countless ways that you won't find anywhere else, thanks to our experience and excellent organization, and yet we only charge competitive premium rates.

[Pg iii]

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ADVERTISERS.

	PAGE
Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.	xii
Barbet-Massin, Popelin & Cie (France)	xi
Blackburn Aeroplane Co.	vii
Branger (France)	xiii
Bray, Gibb & Co., Ltd.	ix
British & Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd.	inside front cover
Burberrys'	vii
Car & General Insurance Corporation, Ltd.	ii
Coan, Robert W.	vi
Continental Tyre & Rubber Co., (Gt. Britain) Ltd.	vii
Cox, G.H. & Co., Ltd.	vi
Crosby Lockwood & Son	vi
Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (France)	v
Drummond Bros., Ltd.	viii
Eisemann Magneto Co.	xii
Fighting Ships	xiv
"Geographia," Ltd.	vi
Hasler Co., The	viii
Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.	xi
Hoyt Metal Company of Great Britain, Ltd.	vi
Jones Brothers, Ltd.	xi
Kemp Machine Works (U.S.A.)	xiii
Knowles Oxygen Co., Ltd.	vii
Mallinson, Wm. & Sons, Ltd.	ix
Martin & Handasyde	x
Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.	xiii
Owen, Joseph & Sons, Ltd.	xi
Piggott Bros. & Co., Ltd.	xi
Pratt's Motor Spirit	xii
Rogers Brothers	xi & xiv
Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.	xiv
Sopwith Aviation Co.	ix
Stanley, Popplewell & Co.	vii
Thorn & Hoddle Acetylene Co., Ltd.	viii
Valdenaire, H., Adenet & Cie (France).	xiii
Vandervell, C.A. & Co.	viii
Vickers, Ltd.	xv
White & Poppe, Ltd.	vii
Whiteman & Moss, Ltd.	viii
Wolseley Tool & Motor Car Co., Ltd.	vi

[Pg iv]

CLASSIFIED INDEX OF ADVERTISERS.

Accessories.	PAGE
Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.	xii
Barbet-Massin, Popelin & Cie (France)	xi
Coan, Robert W.	vi
Eisemann Magneto Co.	xii
"Geographia," Ltd.	vi
Hasler Co., The	viii
Jones Brothers, Ltd.	xi
Mallinson, Wm. & Sons, Ltd.	ix
Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.	xiii
Owen, Joseph & Sons, Ltd.	xi
Piggott Brothers & Co., Ltd.	xi
Pratt's Motor Spirit	xii
Rogers Brothers	xi & xiv
Valdenaire, H., Adenet & Cie (France)	xiii
Vandervell, C.A., & Co.	viii
White & Poppe, Ltd.	vii
Whiteman & Moss, Ltd.	viii

Aeroplane Builders.
Blackburn Aeroplane Co.	vii
British & Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,	inside front cover
Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (France)	v
Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.	xi
Martin & Handasyde	x
Sopwith Aviation Co.	ix
Vickers, Ltd.	xv

Aluminium.
Coan, Robert W.	vi

Aviation Garments.
Burberrys'	vii

Bearings.
Hoyt Metal Co., Ltd.	vi

Castings.
Coan, Robert W.	vi

Carburettors.
White & Poppe, Ltd.	vii

Dynamos.
Eisemann Magneto Co.	xii

Electric Lighting.
Vandervell, C.A., & Co.	viii

Engines.
Kemp Machine Works (U.S.A.)	xiii
Wolseley Tool & Motor Car Co., Ltd.	vi

Fabrics.
Barbet-Massin, Poplin & Cie (France)	xi
Continental Tyre & Rubber Co. (Gt. Britain) Ltd.	vii
Jones Brothers, Ltd.	xi
Rogers Brothers	xi & xiv
Valdenaire, H., Adenet & Cie (France)	xiii

Flying Schools.
Blackburn Aeroplane Co.	vii
British & Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,	inside front cover
Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (France)	v
Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.	xi
Martin & Handasyde	x
Sopwith Aviation Co.	ix
Vickers, Ltd.	xv

Garage.
Cox, G.H. & Co., Ltd.	vi

Hangar and Shed Builders.
Piggott Bros. & Co., Ltd.	xi

Hardwoods.
Mallinson, William & Sons	ix
Owen, Joseph & Sons, Ltd.	xi

Hydrogen.
Knowles Oxygen Co.	vii

Indicators.
Hasler Co., The	viii

Insurance.
Bray, Gibb & Co., Ltd.	ix
Car & General Insurance Corporation, Ltd.	ii

Life Saving Vests.
Rogers Brothers	xi & xiv

Machine Tools.
Drummond Bros. Ltd.	viii

Magnetos.
Eisemann Magneto Co.	xii
Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.	xiii

Maps (specially designed).
"Geographia," Ltd.	vi

Motor Spirit.
Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.	xii
Pratt's Motor Spirit	xii

Patent Agents.
Stanley, Popplewell & Co.	vii

Photographer.
Branger (France)	xiii

Publishers.
Crosby Lockwood & Son	vi
"Geographia," Ltd.	vi
Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.	xiv

Stabilisateurs.
Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation	v

Tuition.
Blackburn Aeroplane Co.	vii
British & Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,	inside front cover
Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (France)	v
Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.	xi
Martin & Handasyde	x
Sopwith Aviation Co.	ix
Vickers, Ltd.	xv

Welding.
Thorn & Hoddle Acetylene Co., Ltd.	viii

[Pg v]

Ecole Militaire de CorbeauLieu.	STABILIZER OUTSIDE.	AEROPLANE DOUTRE.
Biplans Triplaces the best built, the safest, and automatically stabilized ECOLE CIVILE ET MILITAIRE Aerodrome de Corbeaulieu près Compiègne France.
Société des Appareils d'Aviation Douter Suppliers to the French and Foreign Armed Forces.
LE SUEL AUTOMATIC STABILIZER HEAVY DUTY FULLY EQUIPPED FOR TWELVE TO FIFTEEN KILOS AND HAS PROVEN ITSELF WITH OVER TWO THOUSAND FLIGHTS WITHOUT ACCIDENT. SUITABLE FOR ALL AIRPLANES AND FLOATPLANES. SÉCURITÉ ABSOLUE, VOL PAR TOUS LES TEMPS. CATALOGUE FRANCO ON REQUEST - FETTERER GENERAL MANAGER. 58 RUE TAITBOUT. PARIS. PHONE CENTRAL 37-53.

[Pg vi]

Aluminum Castings
FOR MOTORS OF ALL TYPES,
2 H.P. to 200 H.P.

CAST ALUMINIUM MOTOR
NUMBER PLATES
(Regulation Size).

BRIGHT POLISHED FIGURES AND BEADED EDGES, WITH DEAD BLACK BACK GROUND.

LA.1742

R·5077

Send for particulars of my new COMBINED TOURING PLATE (Reg.)

Telegrams: "KRANKASES," ISLING, LONDON. Telephones: 3846 City. 4879 Central.

Coan
Casts
Clean
Tweak
Cases

THE SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS & TRADERS

ON ADMIRALTY AND WAR OFFICE LISTS.
ROBERT W. COAN,
THE ALUMINUM FOUNDRY,
219, GOSWELL ROAD, E.C.

WOLSELEY
LIGHT
Aero Motors
60 H.P. and 120 H.P. (water cooled).
60-80 H.P. (combined air and water cooled.)

Catalog free upon request to
THE WOLSELEY TOOL AND MOTOR CAR Co., Ltd.

Owners: VICKERS, Limited, ADDERLEY PARK, BIRMINGHAM.

"Geographia," Ltd.
33 Strand, London WC

AVIATION ACCESSORY SPECIALISTS.
Alexander Cross - ANTI-DRIFT COMPASS
Alexander Cross - BEARING FINDER
Alexander Cross - MAP CASE
"GEOGRAPHIA" BAROGRAPHS and HEIGHT
RECORDERS.
MAPS FOR AVIATORS DRAWN TO ORDER.
AVIATION MAPS FROM AERODROME TO AERODROME ALWAYS IN STOCK.

ASK FOR ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST.
Telegraphic Address: "Geografo, London."
Phone 4965 City.

G. H. Cox & Co., Ltd.

CASTLE ROAD,
SOUTHSEA,
:: HANTS. ::

LARGEST GARAGE IN ::
THE SOUTH OF ENGLAND.

TRIAL INGOTS DELIVERED HAPPILY.

RECENT||RECORDS:
A.B.C. (AERO) 45 H.P. ENGINE—8 HOURS 23 MINUTES.
TALBOT 25 H.P. CAR—103.75 MILES IN 1 HOUR.
PEUGEOT 30 H.P. CAR—106.2 MILES IN 1 HOUR.

DIE-CAST BEARINGS
FOR REPETITION WORK.

THE HOYT METAL CO.
OF GREAT BRITAIN, LIMITED.
26 Billiter Street, London, E.C.

TWO KEY BOOKS ON AVIATION.
180 Pages, with Diagrams. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d. net.
THE AVIATION POCKET BOOK for 1913.
Containing amongst other valuable information, the Theory and Design of the Aeroplane, Structural
Material, Examples of Actual Machines, &c., &c.

By R. BORLASE MATTHEWS, A.M.I.C.E., M.I.E.E., Member of the Royal Aero Club.

CONTENTS: Air Pressure and Resistance—Aeroplane Theory and Design—Structural Materials—Engines—Examples
of Actual Machines—Piloting and Aerial Navigation—Meteorological Data—Military Information
and Signalling—Aero Clubs and Societies—Glossary of Terms used in Flying.

Review Highlights: "... a large amount of information is included in these various chapters and the
diagrams and curves used to illustrate the texture some of the plainest and most easily understood that we have ever seen
in a book of this class ... generally speaking the data given would appear just such as are not contained in other
books of reference."—Engineer.

"The Book is one which we are sure many will find useful and convenient."—Engineering.

Popular Edition. 294 pages. 95 Illustrations and Dimensioned Drawings. Demy 8vo. cloth 5s. net.
The Art of Flying.
A Handbook upon Aeroplanes and their Engines, with Notes upon Propellers.
By R. W. A. BREWER, A.M.I.C.E., M.I.M.E., &c.
"... Even if you currently have no plans to fly in an airplane, you will still find this book valuable; those who are already deeply involved in the study of aeronautics can't afford to overlook it."—Engineering.

Complete List, Post Free, from

Complete List, No Charge, from

London: CROSBY LOCKWOOD & SON,
7, Stationer's Hall Court, E.C., & 5, Broadway, Westminster, S.W.

[Pg vii]

Dependability

In carburettors there is no greater essential than dependability, and—

In carburetors, nothing is more important than reliability, and—

The dependability of the White & Poppe is such as ensures a never-failing and invariable efficiency.

The reliability of the White & Poppe guarantees consistent and unchanging efficiency.

That's why it is the favourite with many of the leading Airmen of the day.

That's why it's a favorite among many of the top Airmen today.

Our Booklet describes it fully, and we shall be delighted to send you copy.

Our booklet explains everything in detail, and we’d be happy to send you a copy.

WHITE & POPPE, LTD.,
COVENTRY,
ENG.

WHITE & POPPE, LTD.,
COVENTRY,
UK.

White & Poppe Carburettor

Burberry Plane Outfit.

BURBERRY

AEROPLANE
EQUIPMENT.

DESIGNED BY EXPERTS is workmanlike both in design and detail, and permits absolute freedom for arms and limbs. Made in wind and weatherproof Gabardine, lined throughout with Camel Fleece or Quilted Eiderdown, it maintains phenomenal warmth under the severest conditions.

DESIGNED BY EXPERTS is practical in both design and detail, allowing complete freedom of movement for your arms and legs. Made from wind and weatherproof Gabardine, fully lined with Camel Fleece or Quilted Eiderdown, it offers incredible warmth even in the harshest conditions.

BURBERRY GABARDINE is remarkably airylight, yet affords perfect protection against wind, cold or rain, and is so strong that broken stays cannot penetrate its dense texture.

BURBERRY GABARDINE is incredibly lightweight, yet provides excellent protection against wind, cold, or rain, and is so durable that broken stays can't get through its thick texture.

Mr. C. Grahame-White:—"I take this opportunity of thanking you for the suit I wore on my memorable flight and feel I cannot recommend the material too highly where warmth and comfort are required."
Mr. C. Grahame-White:—"I want to take a moment to thank you for the suit I wore on my amazing flight, and I highly recommend the fabric for anyone looking for warmth and comfort."

BURBERRYS

Haymarket, S.W., LONDON;
Boulevard Malesherbes, PARIS;
Basingstoke and appointed Agents in Provincial Towns.

SPECIFY
Continental
RUBBER-PROOFED
Material.
It merges
MAXIMUM RESISTANCE
WITH
ENORMOUS STRENGTH,
AND IS UNAFFECTED BY
WEATHER CONDITIONS.
WRITE FOR LIST, FREE ON REQUEST.

Continental Tyre & Rubber Co. (Gt. Britain) Ld.
¾, THURLOE PLACE, LONDON, S.W.

BLACKBURN
Airplanes,
Hydroplanes
AND
PROPELLERS.

THE BLACKBURN AEROPLANE Co.,

'Phone,
2822 Central.

BALM RD., LEEDS.

Telegrams: "PROPELLERS," Leeds.

HYDROGEN

GUARANTEED 99% PURE.
LIFTS 70½ LBS. PER 1000 CUBIC FT.

THE
KNOWLES OXYGEN Company
LIMITED,
WOLVERHAMPTON
AND
BROMBOROUGH (CHESHIRE).

PATENTS.

Stanley, Popplewell & Co.,

INTERNATIONAL AND - -
CHARTERED PATENT AGENTS.

38, CHANCERY LANE,
LONDON, W.C.

Aero and Motor Patents are our Specialty.

Instructive leaflet free to any address.

Telephone, 1763 Central
Telegrams: "NOTIONS, London."

Phone, 1763 Central
Telegrams: "NOTIONS, London."

Estab. 1879.

[Pg viii]

Light treadle driven Radial Drill, taking up to 1 in. drills (½ in. shank.) This machine is of special design, a patented form of high speed drive giving ample power for drilling by foot. With treadle and fast and loose pulley. Price £24 15s.

Light foot-operated Radial Drill, capable of handling up to 1-inch drills (½-inch shank). This machine features a unique design with a patented high-speed drive that provides enough power for foot drilling. It includes a treadle and a fast and loose pulley. Price £24.15.

We specialise in Light Machine Tools for use in portable workshops, such as are used in connection with aircraft. The above is a photograph of a Travelling Workshop equipped with our 5 in. lathe and Radial Drill, both of which tools are fitted with treadle and electric motor drive. Full particulars of machines and installations furnished on application.

We specialize in Light Machine Tools for portable workshops, like those used with aircraft. The photo above shows a Traveling Workshop equipped with our 5-inch lathe and Radial Drill, both of which have treadle and electric motor drive. We provide complete details about machines and installations upon request.

5 in. Centre Screw Cutting, Surfacing and Boring Lathe here shewn, with counter shaft for power. With counter shaft or treadle drive. Price £44.

5 in. Center Screw Cutting, Surfacing, and Boring Lathe shown here, with counter shaft for power. With counter shaft or treadle drive. Price £44.

Also 4 in., 3½ in., 6 in., 7½ in., 9 in. lathes, etc.

DRUMMOND BROS. LTD.,

REDE WORKS,
GUILDFORD, SURREY.

'Phone 153, Guildford. Telegrams: "Lathes, Stoughton."

"TEL" REVOLUTION SPEED INDICATORS.
Approved and used by the British Admiralty.

"TEL" REVOLUTION SPEED METERS.
Approved and utilized by the British Admiralty.

Owing to its conjugate movement it is accurate, possesses a uniform graduated dial and is not affected by vibration or variation of temperature.

Because of its combined movement, it is precise, features a consistent graduated dial, and isn’t impacted by vibrations or changes in temperature.

Indicates with the same accuracy high and low speeds.

Indicates high and low speeds with the same accuracy.

Independent of variable strains, friction.

Not damaged should maximum speed of dial be exceeded.

Not damaged if the maximum speed of the dial is exceeded.

Rain and dust-proof.

Water-resistant and dustproof.

Requires no upkeep or adjustment of mechanism.

Requires no maintenance or adjustments to the mechanism.

Tel.
431
Victoria.

THE HASLER COMPANY,
26, Victoria St., Westminster, LONDON, S.W.

THE HASLER COMPANY,
26 Victoria St., Westminster, LONDON, SW.

C·A·V·

C.A.V.

is the proved system of electric Lighting for Cars. The consistent reliability and efficiency of the C.A.V. Lighting Sets is vouched for by the owners of the 15,000 cars on which the system has been adopted. It is essentially the "no trouble" system; simple, safe and certain. Send for our illustrated Blue Book, fully explanatory and free.

is the proven system of electric lighting for cars. The consistent reliability and efficiency of the C.A.V. lighting sets is confirmed by the owners of the 15,000 cars that have adopted the system. It is essentially the "no trouble" system; simple, safe, and certain. Send for our illustrated Blue Book, which is fully explanatory and free.

C. A. VANDERVELL & Co.,
WARPLE WAY, ACTON VALE,
LONDON, W.

C. A. VANDERVELL & Co.,
WARPLE WAY, ACTON VALE,
LONDON, W.

Phones:
1234 Chiswick
(5 LINES)

Messages:
"Vanteria,"
London.

Whiteman & Moss, Ltd.
15, BATEMAN STREET,
DEAN STREET, W.,
London, UK.
Telephone Gerrard 6824. Telegrams: Whitomoss

Codes

{

Premier.
Lieber.
A.B.C. 5th Edition.

Specialty:
WIRE STRAINERS, EYEBOLTS, FERRULES, ETC.
SCREWED WORK FOR ALL PURPOSES.
Accuracy & Promptness

SPÉCIALITÉ
de Passoires en toile métallique. de tire-fonds,
de Viroles, etc.
Objets filetés en tous genres.
Precision and speed.

THE LEADING
AIRCRAFT BUILDERS

Use the
"INCANTO"

(LOW PRESSURE)
OXY-ACETYLENE
WELDING
APPLIANCES.

SOLE MANUFACTURERS
THORN & HODDLE ACETYLENE CO. L^TD.
151 VICTORIA S^T.
LONDON, S.W.

[Pg ix]

Insurance.
The Primus Aviation Policy at Lloyd's
OFFICIALLY APPROVED BY
THE ROYAL AERO CLUB.

For Advice on:—

AVIATION, LIFE, PERSONAL ACCIDENT,
3rd PARTY, EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY,
MOTOR, and all Classes of Insurance
communicate with
BRAY, GIBB & Co., Ltd.
166, PICCADILLY,
LONDON, W.

Telegrams—"SOPWITH KINGSTON." Phone—1177, KINGSTON.

SOPWITH AVIATION Co.

THE SOPWITH MACHINES hold the British RECORDS for:
DURATION . . . 8 hours 23 minutes.
ALTITUDE . . . . . 11,450 feet.

Undergoing War Office Tests, the SOPWITH 80 h.p. TRACTOR BIPLANE gave better results than any aeroplane of whatever nationality previously tested.

OFFICES AND WORKS:
Canbury Park Road, Kingston upon Thames.

CONTRACTORS
TO THE
ADMIRALTY.

Manufacturers
AEROPLANES
AND
HYDRO-AEROPLANES

HARDWOODS FOR AIRPLANES.

UNEQUALLED FACILITIES FOR SUPPLYING PERFECT TIMBER.
SPECIAL SKILL AND GREAT EXPERIENCE DEVOTED TO ORDERS FOR AEROPLANE WOODS.
ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS IN PLANKS, OR CUT AND PLANED TO SIZE.

Testimonials from successful Aviators.

WILLIAM MALLINSON & SONS, Limited,
TIMBER & VENEER MERCHANTS (Direct Importers & Exporters),
130-138 Hackney Road, London, N.E.

Telegrams: "ALMONER," LONDON.

Telephone: 4770 LONDON WALL (2 Lines)
P.O. 3845 CENTRAL.

CORRESPONDENCE IN ANY LANGUAGE.

PARIS: 7, Rue Titon.

ROTTERDAM: 22 Westzeeddijh.

[Pg x]

THE "MARTINSYDE"
120 H.P. two-seat military monoplane.
Fuel capacity for 6 hours of flight at 85 miles per hour.

^Messrs. Martin & Handasyde,
—— BROOKLAND AVIATION GROUND, ——
WEYBRIDGE, SURREY, ENGLAND.

Telegraphic & Cable Address:
"MARTINSYDE, WEYBRIDGE."

Telephone No.
171 BYFLEET.

CONTRACTORS TO THE WAR OFFICE.

[Pg xi]

"AVIATOR" RAMIE TEXTILES
FOR AIRPLANES AND GONDOLA BALLOONS.

Indisputably the strongest, most durable and efficient of all known fabrics, and consequently adopted by H.M. War Office, and the leading Aircraft Constructors of the Universe.

Made from China grass by
La Maison Esnault-Pelterie (Paris)
Barbet-Massin, Popelin & Cie, Successors.
Contractors to the French Government.
Sole agents for the United kingdom, British Colonies, and United States of America—

Rogers Brothers
Telephone: CENTRAL, 12164.
Telegrams and Cables: "EGYPTILLO, LONDON."
A.B.C. Code Used, 5th Edition.

33, Aldermanbury, London, EC

Write for Patterns and
Particulars.

Cables and Telegrams: "PIGGOTT, LONDON." A.B.C. Code. 5th Edition. Telephone No. London Wall 4850 (Private Exchange).
PIGGOTT BROTHERS & CO., LTD.

Portable Canvas Aeroplane Sheds on Hire, for Prize Contests, Flying Meetings, etc.

As used for the Gordon Bennett and "Daily Mail" Contests, Military Manvres, 1911, and the Flying Meetings at

Doncaster, Burton-on-Trent, Folkestone, etc.

Photo showing row of Canvas Sheds as erected at Brooklands for the Royal Aero Club, July, 1911.

Large Stock of Goods for Hire at Prize Contests, Flying Meetings, etc., Judges' Boxes, Pylons, Ropes and Stakes for course, Canvas Fencing, Signal Masts, etc., etc.

220, 222, 224, BISHOPSGATE, LONDON, E.C.

Telephone 3811 HOP.———Telegrams: "BUCHERON."
Joseph Owen & Sons, Ltd.
SUPPLY EVERY DESCRIPTION OF
——LUMBER——
FOR
Planes, Boats, Airships.

SEND YOUR ENQUIRIES TO
199a, Borough High Street, London, SE.

FLANDERS
MONOPLANES & BIPLANES
—For Land or Water.—

L. HOWARD-FLANDERS, LIMITED,
31 Townshend Terrace,
RICHMOND, Surrey.

[Pg xii]

EISEMANN
Dynamo

Although designed for use with accumulators—gives results without damaging filaments without the use of accumulators. Perfectly automatic in action. Used on the Zeppelin.

Although made for use with batteries—provides results without fail damaging filaments battery-free. Completely automatic in operation. Used on the Airship.

Types 8 volts 9 amps.
12 volts, 15-20 amps.

Eisemann Automatic Advance Magneto

Used on the Mercedes—Gnome—Schutte Lanz—Dixi, etc., etc. Entirely weatherproof—advances and retards the spark periodicity according to engine revolutions. Latest models as used on above engines both single and dual.

Used on the Mercedes, Gnome, Schutte, Lanz, Dixi, etc. Completely weatherproof—adjusts the spark timing based on engine speed. Latest models used on the engines mentioned above, both single and dual.

Fullest Particulars on hearing from you.
THE EISEMANN MAGNETO Co.
43, Berners Street, W.

Telegrams:—
Roussillon Ox, London.
Telephone 4601 City.
A.B.C. Code 5th Edition.

C. D. C.

The World’s Aircraft
perform best on the best Spirit. The rapidly growing

Preference for PRATT'S

Perfection Motor Spirit

among airmen is a repetition of history. In Motoring, on the Road, the consistent Purity and Reliability—the sheer, hard, practical Service of "Miles to the Gallon" has long established PRATT'S as the premier Motor Spirit.

"In Earth and Skie and Sea"—PRATT'S first shall be!

By Appointment Only

In the Air, as on the Road, PRATT'S is "THE MOVING SPIRIT OF THE AGE!"

[Pg xiii]

Telegraphic Address: "JONBRO," MANCHESTER.

JONES BROTHERS

LIMITED,
Spinners & Manufacturers,
12, YORK STREET,
Manchester.

BEDFORD NEW MILLS,
LEIGH, LANCASHIRE.

THE "AERO"
Cotton Fabrics
for Aeroplanes.

H. VALDENAIRE,
ADENET & Cie.
PARIS—21, Rue des Jeuneurs—PARIS.

Tissues
DE GRANDE RESISTANCE

FOURNISSEURS HABITUELS des PRINCIPALES MARQUES d'AVIATION et d'AEROSTATION

KEMP MOTORS

Are air cooled and are the most efficient, economical and reliable power plants on the market sold at reasonable prices. Built in four sizes to meet all requirements from experimental purposes to commercial use.
FULL PARTICULARS ON REQUEST.

Are air-cooled and are the most efficient, economical, and reliable power plants on the market sold at reasonable prices. Built in four sizes to meet all requirements from experimental purposes to commercial use.
FULL PARTICULARS ON REQUEST.

KEMP MACHINE WORKS,
MUNCIE, INDIANA, U.S.A.

"AFTER 13 HOURS UNDER WATER"

THE MEA

(The Magneto with the Bell-shaped Magnet)
RAN SMOOTHLY.

"One of your Magnetos delivered to us last year has had a severe test, proving it to be absolutely waterproof. It was fitted to an engine in a motor boat, which towards 7 p.m. ran full of water: next morning about 9 a.m. we pumped her dry, and, after your magneto had been about 13 hours under water, it was found to be in perfect working order, and the engine started up without a hitch."

"One of your Magnetos that we received last year has undergone a rigorous test, proving it to be completely waterproof. It was installed on an engine in a motorboat, which filled with water around 7 p.m. The next morning at about 9 a.m., we pumped it dry, and after your magneto had been submerged for about 13 hours, it was found to be in perfect working condition, and the engine started up without any issues."

MEA MAGNETO CO., LTD.,

Telephone: 2580 Regent.
Telegrams: "Meabermet, Ox. London"

GRESSE BUILDINGS, STEPHEN STREET,
TOTTENHAM COURT RD., LONDON, W.

LONDON AGENTS: B. M. FAIR & CO., 3. GREAT WINCHESTER STREET, E.C. C.D.C.

BRANGER,
Aerial Photographer,
5, Rue Cambon, 5
Paris.

[Pg xiv]

"Combat Ships"
NAVAL ANNUAL
FOR 1913.
Founded and Edited by FRED T. JANE,
Founder & Editor "ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT."

PLANS, PHOTOS, AND ALL DETAILS
OF EVERY WARSHIP IN THE WORLD.

The details of 13 Navies are officially revised by order of their respective Ministers of Marine; 3 others semi-official.

SPECIAL ARTICLE ON "MARINE ENGINEERING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES," by
C. de GRAVE SELLS, M. Inst. C.E.

LONDON: SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & Co., Ltd.

"The Mascot"
RAMIE-FIBRE, ROT-PROOF
Life-Saving Vest

LIFEJACKET

Stocked by the Leading Stores in all Countries, or can be purchased direct from the Inventors and Sole Manufacturers—

Stocked by the top stores in all countries, or can be bought directly from the inventors and sole manufacturers—

ROGERS BROTHERS,

Manufacturers of "Aeroplatte" All-British Aircraft Fabrics, and the "Aeromac" Water-proof Garments

Manufacturers of "Aeroplatte" All-British Aircraft Fabrics, and the "Aeromac" Waterproof Garments

33 Aldermanbury, London, EC Send a postcard for details.

Telephone, Central, 12164
Telegrams & Cables: "EGYPTILLO, London."
A B C Code used. 5th Edition.

[Pg xv]

VICKERS LIMITED.

AVIATION
SCHOOL:
Brooklands.

Thorough Tuition from slow Biplanes to fast Monoplanes.

Special Terms to Naval and Military Officers.

Aviation School:
Brooklands.

"VICKERS-LEVASSEUR"
Air Screws.

Built up in superposed layers, of the finest quality of thoroughly seasoned hardwoods, pegged & glued together.

Testing Ground:
Joyce Green,
Nr. Dartford.

AIRPLANES.
All steel-framed Monoplanes, Biplanes & Hydro-planes.
Aviation Department:
VICKERS HOUSE, BROADWAY, WESTMINSTER, S.W.

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JANE'S ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT 1913

FRED T. JANE

CONTENTS

PREFACE.

GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS, Etc.

Part A.

AEROPLANES & DIRIGIBLES.

ARRANGED BY NATIONALITIES IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER.

ARGENTINE.

Aerial Societies:—

Aerial Journals:—

Flying Grounds:—

Military Aviation.

Private Aviators.

PABLO CASTAIBERT. Monoplane.

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN.

Aerial Societies:—

Aerial Journals:—

Flying Grounds:—

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN AEROPLANES.

Military Aviation: General.

Army Section.

Naval Section.

Military Pilots.

Private Aviators.

Private Aeroplanes.

ETRICH Monoplanes.

LOHNER-DAIMLER.

MERCEP Monoplanes.

WARCHALOWSKI, Biplane.

WHITEHEAD.

ZIEGLER Monoplane.

AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

Military Dirigible Pilots.

Private.

BOEMCHER II. (1912-13.) Non-rigid.

LEBAUDY-JUILLOT 6=Military M II. (1910.) Semi-rigid.

KÖRTING-WIMPASSING (K-WI). Non-rigid=Military. M III. (1911.)

MANNSBARTH. Non-rigid (1911). (Alias STAGL MANNSBARTH.)

PARSEVAL P.L. 4. Non-rigid. = MILITARY M I. (1909.)

BELGIAN.

Aerial Societies:—

Aerial Journals:—

Flying Grounds:—

BELGIAN AEROPLANES.

Military Aeroplanes.

AVIATORS.

Military.

Private.

BEHUEGHE

A. BRACKE

DE BROUCKERE,

DE LA HAULT

HAREL I. Biplane.

WILLIAMS. Biplane.

BELGIAN DIRIGIBLES.

Military.

1910.

1911.

Private.

LA BELGIQUE II. (No. 1 rebuilt.) Military.

LA BELGIQUE III. Military.

VILLE DE BRUXELLES.

BRAZILIAN.

AVIATORS.

BRITISH.

Aerial Societies:—

Aerial Journals, etc.:—

Principal Flying Grounds:—

BRITISH MILITARY AVIATION.

Royal Flying Corps.

Royal Aircraft Factory.

Naval Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.

Squadron Commanders.

Flight Commanders.

Flying Officers.

1911.

Naval. 1912.

Army Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.

MANNSBARTH. Non-rigid (1911).
(Alias STAGL MANNSBARTH.)

BRITISH AVIATORS—PRIVATE.
PRIVATE AVIATORS.