This is a modern-English version of Brief Lives, Vol. 1, originally written by Aubrey, John. It has been thoroughly updated, including changes to sentence structure, words, spelling, and grammar—to ensure clarity for contemporary readers, while preserving the original spirit and nuance. If you click on a paragraph, you will see the original text that we modified, and you can toggle between the two versions.

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The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.

The cover image was made by the transcriber and is in the public domain.

AUBREY'S 'BRIEF LIVES'

Aubrey's 'Brief Lives'

ANDREW CLARK

VOL. I.

VOL. 1.

HENRY FROWDE, M.A.

PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD

LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK

London, Edinburgh, and New York

[Pg i]
[Pg ii]

JOHN AUBREY: AETAT. 40

JOHN AUBREY: AGE 40

From a pen-and-ink drawing in the Bodleian

[Pg iii]

'Brief Lives,' chiefly of Contemporaries,
set down by John Aubrey, between
the years 1669 and 1696

EDITED FROM THE AUTHOR'S MSS.

Edited from the author's manuscript.

ANDREW CLARK
M.A., LINCOLN COLLEGE, OXFORD; M.A. AND LL.D., ST. ANDREWS

ANDREW CLARK
M.A. from Lincoln College, Oxford; M.A. and LL.D. from St. Andrews

WITH FACSIMILES

WITH REPLICAS

VOLUME I. (A-H)

Oxford

AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

1898

[Pg iv]

Oxford

PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
BY HORACE HART, M.A.
PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY

[Pg v]

PREFACE

The rules laid down for this edition have been fully stated in the Introduction. It need only be said here that these have been scrupulously followed.

The rules for this edition are clearly outlined in the Introduction. It’s only necessary to mention here that these have been carefully followed.

I may take this opportunity of saying that the text gives Aubrey's quotations, English and Latin alike, in the form in which they are found in his MSS. They are plainly cited from memory, not from book: they frequently do not scan, and at times do not even construe. A few are incorrect cementings of odd half lines.

I’d like to take this chance to say that the text provides Aubrey's quotes, both in English and Latin, exactly as they appear in his manuscripts. They’re clearly remembered, not taken from books: they often don’t rhyme and sometimes don’t even make sense. A few are inaccurate fragments of incomplete lines.

The necessary excisions have not been numerous. They suggest two reflections. The turbulence attributed to Sir Walter Raleigh seems to have made his name in the next age the centre of aggregation of quite a number of coarse stories. In the same way, Aubrey is generally nasty when he mentions the noble house of Herbert, earl of Pembroke, and the allied family of Sydney. There may be personal pique in this, for Aubrey thinks he had a narrow[Pg vi] escape from assassination by a Herbert (i. 48); perhaps also there may be the after-glow of a Wiltshire 'feud' (i. 316).

The necessary cuts haven't been many. They lead to two thoughts. The chaos attributed to Sir Walter Raleigh seems to have turned his name into a magnet for a bunch of crude stories in the following age. Similarly, Aubrey often has a mean tone when he talks about the noble house of Herbert, earl of Pembroke, and the related family of Sydney. There could be some personal spite in this, as Aubrey believes he narrowly avoided being killed by a Herbert (i. 48); perhaps there's also a lingering effect from a Wiltshire 'feud' (i. 316).

The Index gives all references to persons mentioned in the text, except to a few found only in pedigrees, or otherwise quite insignificant; also to all places of which anything distinctive is said.

The Index provides references to all individuals mentioned in the text, excluding a few that are only found in family trees or are otherwise not significant; it also includes all places that are described in a noteworthy way.

Andrew Clark.

January 4, 1898.

[Pg vii]

VOLUME I
Frontispiece: John Aubrey, age 40.
		PAGE
Life Synopsis		ix-xv
Intro		1-23
Lives:—Abbot to Hyde		24-427
VOLUME II
Frontispiece: Aubrey's bookplate.
Lives:—Ingelbert TO York		1-316
Appendix I:—Aubrey's Antiquities Notes		317-332
Appendix II:—Aubrey's Stand-Up Comedy The Countrey Revell		333-339
Table of Contents		341-370
Copies		At end.
I.	Castle Mound, Oxford. Riding at the Quintin.
II.	Verulam House.
III.	Horoscope and cottage of Thomas Hobbes.
IV.	Plans of Malmsbury and district.
V.	Horoscope and arms of Sir William Petty.
VI.	Wolsey's Chapel at Christ Church.

[Pg viii]

[Pg ix]

SYNOPSIS OF THE 'LIVES'

In the text the Lives have been given in alphabetical order of the names. This was necessary, not only on account of their number—more than 400—but because Aubrey, in compiling them, followed more than one principle of selection, writing, first, lives of authors, then, lives of mathematicians, but bringing in also lives of statesmen, soldiers, people of fashion, and personal friends.

In the text, the Lives are organized alphabetically by name. This was necessary not just because there are over 400 of them, but also because Aubrey used more than one principle for selecting them. He started with the lives of authors, then moved on to mathematicians, but also included lives of statesmen, soldiers, fashionable people, and his personal friends.

The following synopsis of the lives may serve to show (i) the heads under which they naturally fall, (ii) their chronological sequence.

The following summary of the lives may help to show (i) the categories under which they naturally fit, (ii) their chronological order.

The mark † indicates the year or approximate year of death; ‡ denotes a life which Aubrey said he would write, but which has not been found; § is attached to the few names of foreigners.

The mark † indicates the year or approximate year of death; ‡ denotes a life that Aubrey said he would write about, but which has not been found; § is attached to the few names of foreigners.

BEFORE HENRY VIII.

Writers.

Poets.

Writers.

Geoffrey Chaucer (†1400).
John Gower (†1408).

Prose.

Prose.

Sir John Mandeville (†1372).

Mathematics.

John Holywood (†1256).
Roger Bacon (†1294).
John Ashindon (†13..).

Alchemy.

George Ripley (†1490).

Church and State.

S. Dunstan (†988).
S. Edmund Rich (†1240).
Owen Glendower (†1415).
William Canynges (†1474).
John Morton (†1500).

HENRY VIII—MARY (†1558).

Writers.

Sir Thomas More (†1535).
§Desiderius Erasmus (†1536).

Mathematics.

Math.

Richard Benese (†1546).
Robert Record (†1558).

Church and State.

John Colet (†1519).
Thomas Wolsey (†1530).
John Innocent (†1545).
Sir Thomas Pope (†1559).
Edmund Bonner (†1569).

Sir Erasmus Dryden (†1632).

[Pg x]

ELIZABETH (†1603).

Writers.

Poets.

Poets.

Thomas Tusser (†1580).
Edmund Spenser (†1599).
Sir Edward Dyer (†1607).
William Shakespear (†1616).

Prose.

Prose.

§‡ Petrus Ramus (†1572).
John Twyne (†1581).
Sir Philip Sydney (†1586).
John Foxe (†1587).
Robert Glover (†1588).
Thomas Cooper (†1594).
Thomas Stapleton (†1598).
Thomas North (†1601).
William Watson (†1603).
John Stowe (†1605).
Thomas Brightman (†1607).
John David Rhese (†1609).
Nicholas Hill (†1610).

Mathematics.

Math.

James Peele (†15..).
Leonard Digges (†1571).
Thomas Digges (†1595).
John Securis (†...).
Evans Lloyd (†...).
Cyprian Lucar (†...).
Thomas Hoode (†...).
‡ Thomas Blundeville (†16..).
Henry Billingsley (†1606).
§ Ludolph van Keulen (†1610).
John Blagrave (†1611).
Edward Wright (†1615).
Thomas Hariot (†1621).
Sir Henry Savile (†1622).

Chemistry.

Adrian Gilbert (†...).

Zoology.

Thomas Mouffet (†1604).

Alchemy and Astrology.

Thomas Charnocke (†1581).
John Dee (†1608).
Arthur Dee (†1651).

State.

William Herbert, 1st earl of Pembroke (†1570).
William Cecil, lord Burghley (†1598).
Robert Devereux, earl of Essex (†1601).
Sir Charles Danvers (†1601).
George Clifford, earl of Cumberland (†1605).
Thomas Sackville, earl of Dorset (†1608).
? Sir Thomas Penruddock (†...).

Law.

Sir William Fleetwood (†1594).
William Aubrey (†1595).
Sir John Popham (†1607).

Commerce, etc.

Business, etc.

Sir Thomas Gresham (†1579).
John Davys, capt. (†1605).
Richard Staper (†1608).

Society.

? ... Robartes (†...).
Elizabeth Danvers (†...).
Sir John Danvers (†1594).
Richard Herbert (†1596).
Edward de Vere, 17th earl of Oxford (†1604).
Sir Henry Lee (†1611).
Silvanus Scory (†1617).
Mary Herbert, countess of Pembroke (†1621).

JAMES I (†1625).

Writers.

Poets.

Francis Beaumont (†1616).
John Fletcher (†1625).
Arthur Gorges (†1625).

Mathematics.

Math.

Edward Brerewood (†1613).
John Norden (†1625).
Edmund Gunter (†1626).
Thomas Allen (†1632).
Robert Hues (†1632).
John Speidell (†16..).
‡Thomas Fale (†16..).
‡Thomas Lydiat (†1646).

Astrology.

Dr. Richard Napier (†1634).

Church.

Richard Bancroft (†1610).
John Overall (†1619).
Lancelot Andrewes (†1626).
George Abbot (†1633).
John Davenant (†1641).

State.

Everard Digby (†1606).
Thomas Overbury (†1613).
‡James I (†1625).
William Herbert, 3rd earl of Pembroke (†1630).

Law.

Sir Thomas Egerton, lord Ellesmere (†1617).
Richard Martin (†1618).

Medicine.

Healthcare.

... Jaquinto (†16..).
William Butler (†1618).
Francis Anthony (†1623).

Commerce, etc.

Thomas Sutton (†1611).
John Guy (†1628).
John Whitson (†1629).
Sir Hugh Middleton (†1631).
William de Visscher (†16..).
Edward Davenant (†16..).

Inventors.

Creators.

William Lee (†1610).
... Gregory (†16..).
... Ingelbert (†16..).
... Robson (†16..).

Seamen.

Sailors.

Walter Raleigh (†1617).
‡Thomas Stump (†16..).
Roger North (†1652).

Schoolmasters.

Teachers.

Alexander Gill (†1635).
Martin Billingsley (†16..).

Miscellaneous.

Charles Hoskyns (†1609).
Richard Sackville, 3rd earl of Dorset (†1624).
Sir Henry Lee (†1631).
Simon Furbisher (†16..).
Fulk Greville, lord Brooke (†1628).
Michael Drayton (†1631).
George Chapman (†1634).
Ben Jonson (†1637).
George Feriby (†16..).
‡Benjamin Ruddyer (†16..).

Prose.

Writing.

Henry Lyte (†1607).
Richard Knolles (†1610).
‡Richard White (†1612).
Thomas Twyne (†1613).
Thomas Coryat (†1617).
Sir Walter Raleigh (†1618).
John Barclay (†1621).
William Camden (†1623).
Nicholas Fuller (†1624).
John Florio (†1625).
Francis Bacon (†1626).
John Speed (†1629).
Thomas Archer (†1630).
John Rider (†1632).
Isaac Wake (†1632).
William Sutton (†1632).
Philemon Holland (†1637).
John Willis (†16..).

[Pg xii]

CHARLES I (†1649).

Writers.

Authors.

Poets.

Writers.

Hugh Holland (†1633).
George Herbert (†1633).
Richard Corbet (†1635).
Thomas Randolph (†1635).
John Sherburne (†1635).
Sir Robert Aiton (†1638).
John Hoskyns (†1638).
Philip Massinger (†1640).
Charles Aleyn (†1640).
Sir John Suckling (†1641).
William Cartwright (†1643).
Henry Clifford, earl of Cumberland (†1643).
George Sandys (†1644).
Francis Quarles (†1644).
William Browne (†1645).
Thomas Goodwyn (†16..).
William Habington (†1654).
John Taylor (†1654).
Sir Robert Harley (†1656).
Richard Lovelace (†1658).
John Cleveland (†1658).
Gideon de Laune (†1659).
James Shirley (†1666).

Prose.

Writing.

Gervase Markham (†1637).
Robert Burton (†1640).
Sir Henry Spelman (†1641).
W. Chillingworth (†1644).
Rob. Stafford (†1644).
William Twisse (†1646).
Degory Wheare (†1647).
Edward, lord Herbert of Chirbury (†1648).
§Joh. Ger. Vossius (†1649).
Abraham Wheloc (†16..).
Theoph. Wodenote, sen. (†16..).
§René des Cartes (†1651).
... Gerard (†16..).
‡Samuel Collins (†1651).
§Jean L. de Balzac (†1655).
John Hales (†1656).
James Usher (†1656).
Joseph Hall (†1656).
William Harvey (†1657).
Robert Sanderson (†1663).
Sir Kenelm Digby (†1665).

Mathematics.

Math.

Henry Briggs (†1631).
William Bedwell (†1632).
Nathaniel Torporley (†1632).
Henry Gellibrand (†1637).
Walter Warner (†1640).
William Gascoigne (†1644).
Charles Cavendish (†1652).
Henry Isaacson (†1654).
Edmund Wingate (†1656).
William Oughtred (†1660).
Franciscus Linus (†16..).
John Tap (†16..).
John Wells (†16..).

Church.

Richard Neile (†1640).
George Webb (†1641).

State.

George Villiers, duke of Buckingham (†1628).
Sir Edward Coke (†1633).
William Noy (†1634).
Richard Boyle, 1st earl of Cork (†1643).
Lucius Cary, earl of Falkland (†1643).
Henry Danvers, earl of Danby (†1644).
Robert Dalzell, earl of Carnwarth (†1654).

Law.

Sir Henry Martin (†1641).
David Jenkins (†1663).

Medicine.

Healthcare.

Sir Matthew Lister (†1656).

Art.

Inigo Jones (†1652).

Soldiers.

Troops.

Charles Cavendish (†1643).
Sir James Long (†1659).
Sir Robert Harley (†1673).
Sir William Neale (†1691).

School and College.

Alexander Gill (†1642).
Ralph Kettell (†1643).
Hannibal Potter (†1664).
Thomas Batchcroft (†1670).

Society.

Elizabeth Broughton (†16..).
Venetia Digby (†1633).

Miscellaneous.

Elize Hele (†1633).
John Clavell (†1642).
? ... Cradock (†16..).

[Pg xiii]

COMMONWEALTH.

Writers.

Authors.

Poets.

Writers.

Thomas May (†1650).
Katherine Philips (†1664).
George Withers (†1667).
John Milton (†1674).
Andrew Marvell (†1678).

Prose.

Prose.

Clement Walker (†1651).
John Selden (†1654).
Walter Rumsey (†1660).
Thomas Fuller (†1661).
William Prynne (†1669).

Mathematics.

Math.

Richard Billingsley (†16..).
Samuel Foster (†1652).
Lawrence Rooke (†1662).

Science.

John Wilkins (†1672).

Astrology.

Nicholas Fiske (†16..).

State.

Sir John Danvers (†1655).
Thomas Chaloner (†1661).
Sir William Platers (†16..).
James Harrington (†1677).
Henry Martin (†1680).
Sir Henry Blount (†1682).

Soldiers and Sailors.

Service Members.

Robert Grevill, lord Brooke (†1643).
Robert Blake (†1657).
George Monk (†1671).
Thomas, lord Fairfax (†1671).

Law.

Henry Rolle (†1656).

Medicine.

Healthcare.

Jonathan Goddard (†1675).

School.

Thomas Triplett (†1670).

CHARLES II (†1685) and JAMES II.

Writers.

Poets.

Alexander Brome (†1666).
Abraham Cowley (†1667).
Sir William Davenant (†1668).
Sir John Denham (†1669).
Samuel Butler (†1680).
John Wilmot, earl of Rochester (†1680).
John Lacy (†1681).
Martin Lluelyn (†1682).
Edmund Waller (†1687).
Thomas Flatman (†1688).
‡Sir George Etherege (†16..).
Henry Vaughan (†1695).
John Dryden (†1700).

Prose.

Writing.

Peter Heylyn (†1662).
James Heath (†1664).
Sir Robert Poyntz (†1665).
Thomas Vaughan (†1667).
George Bate (†1668).
John Davenport (†1670).
Vavasor Powell (†1670).
Samuel Hartlib (†1670).
Edward Bagshawe (†1671).
Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon (†1674).
Sir William Saunderson (†1676).
John Ogilby (†1676).
John Tombes (†1676).
Thomas Whyte (†1676).
Silas Taylor (†1678).
Thomas Stanley (†1678).
John Cecil, 4th earl of Exeter (†1678).
Thomas Hobbes (†1679).
... Barrow (†168.).
... Munday (†16..).
Joseph Glanville (†1680).
Thomas Jones (†1682).
William Stafford (†1684).
Edward Lane (†1685).
Thomas Pigot (†1686).
Richard Head (†1686?).
Sir William Dugdale (†1686).
Isaac Vossius (†1688).
Robert Barclay (†1690).
John Rushworth (†1690).
Fabian Philips (†1690).
Samuel Pordage (†1691).
Elias Ashmole (†1692).
Anthony Wood (†1695).
Henry Birkhead (†1696).
John Aubrey (†1697).
William Holder (†1698).
Richard Blackburne (†17..?).
Thomas Gale (†1702).
‡Sir Edward Sherburne (†1702).
John Evelyn (†1706).
John Philips (†1706).
John Hawles (†1716).
William Penn (†1718).

Mathematics.

Math.

Christopher Brookes (†1665).
William Neile (†1670).
Lancelot Morehouse (†1672).
Richard Norwood (†1675).
Isaac Barrow (†1677).
John Newton (†1678).
Francis Potter (†1678).
Sir Jonas Moore (†1679).
‡Richard Alcorne (†16..).
‡Henry Bond (†16..).
Michael Dary (†1679).
William, lord Brereton (†1680).
Edward Davenant (†1680).
Richard Stokes (†1681).
Sir George Wharton (†1681).
Thomas Merry (†1682).
John Collins (†1683).
William, lord Brouncker (†1684).
John Pell (†1685).
Nicholas Mercator (†1687).
Thomas Street (†1689).
Seth Ward (†1689).
John Kersey (†1690).
John Wallis (†1703).
‡John Flamsted (†1719).
‡Isaac Newton (†1727).
Edmund Halley (†1742).

Science.

John Willis (†16..).
John Graunt (†1674).
Robert Boyle (†1691).
Sir Edward Harley (†1700).
Robert Hooke (†1703).
Sir John Hoskyns (†1705).

Astrology.

John Heydon (†166.).
John Booker (†1667).
William Lilly (†1681).
Henry Coley (†1695).
Charles Snell (†16..).
John Gadbury (†1704).
John Partridge (†1715).

Church.

Herbert Thorndyke (†1672).
William Outram (†1679).
Peter Gunning (†1684).
Thomas Pittis (†1687).

State.

Sir Robert Moray (†1673).
Sir Edmund Bury Godfrey (†1678).
Sir Thomas Morgan (†1679).
John Birkenhead (†1679).
William Harcourt (†1679).
Robert Pugh (†1679).
§Jean Baptiste Colbert (†1683).
Anthony Cooper, earl of Shaftesbury (†1683).
Sir Leoline Jenkins (†1685).
‡James, duke of Monmouth (†1685).
Sir William Petty (†1687).
Thomas Osborne, earl of Danby (†1712).

Law.

Sir Matthew Hale (†1676).
George Johnson (†1683).

Medicine.

Healthcare.

Thomas Willis (†1675).
Baldwin Hamey (†1676).
Sir Richard Napier (†1676).
Henry Stubbe (†1676).
Thomas Shirley (†1678).
Sir Edward Greaves (†1680).
Sir Robert Talbot (†1681).
William Croone (†1684).
Daniel Whistler (†1684).
Christopher Merret (†1695).
Walter Charleton (†1707).

Art.

Samuel Cooper (†1672).
Wenceslaus Hollar (†1677).
Sir Christopher Wren (†1723).

School.

... Webb (†16..).
Thomas Stephens (†16..).
Arthur Brett (†1677).
Ezerel Tonge (†1680).

Commerce, etc.

Business, etc.

Sir Edward Ford (†1670).
Thomas Bushell (†1674).
William Marshall (†16..).
Robert Murray (†1725).
James Bovey (†....).

Society, etc.

Lucy Walters (†16..).
Sir Walter Raleigh (†1663).
Eleanor Ratcliffe, countess of Sussex (†1666).
... Berkeley (†16..).
... Curtin (†16..).
Dorothy Selby (†16..).
Anne, duchess of York (†1671).
Cecil Calvert, lord Baltimore (†1675).
Sir Thomas Billingsley (†167.).
Richard Sackville, 5th earl of Dorset (†1677).
Charles Pamphlin (†1678).
Sir Francis Stuart (†16..).
‡... Aldsworth (†16..).
Sir Robert Henley (†1680).
Sir Thomas Badd (†1683).
... Ralphson (†1684).
Charles Howard (†17..).
Willoughby Bertie (†1760).

[Pg xiv]
[Pg xv]

AUBREY'S PERSONAL FRIENDS.

I. Of the Old School.

I. Old School.

Isaac Lyte (1577-†1660).
Thomas Tyndale (1588-†1671/2).
James Whitney (1593-†166.).
William Beeston (....-†1682).
Deborah Aubrey (1610-†1685/6).
Edmund Wyld (1616-†16..).

II. Contemporaries.

II. Peers.

Anthony Ettrick (1622-†1703).
William Morgan (1622-†....).
Ralph Sheldon (1623-†1684).
William Radford (1623-†1673).
Theophilus Wodenoth (1625-....).
George Ent (....-†1679).
John Sloper (....-†....).
Richard Kitson (....-†....).
Sir John Dunstable (....-†....).
Thomas Gore (1632-†1684).
Jane Smyth (1639-†16..).
Thomas Deere (1639-†16..).
... Gwyn (....-†....).
... Yarrington (....-†1684).

[Pg xvi]

[Pg 1]

AUBREY'S 'BRIEF LIVES'

AUBREY'S 'SHORT BIOGRAPHIES'

INTRODUCTION

I. Origin of the 'Lives.'

Aubrey sought and obtained an introduction to Anthony Wood in August 1667. He was keenly interested in antiquarian studies, and had the warmest love for Oxford; he had been a contemporary in Trinity College with Wood's brother, Edward; and so was drawn to Wood on hearing that he was busy with researches into the History of the University of Oxford.

Aubrey sought and obtained an introduction to Anthony Wood in August 1667. He was very interested in studying history and had a deep affection for Oxford. He had been a classmate at Trinity College with Wood's brother, Edward, and was eager to connect with Wood after hearing that he was researching the History of the University of Oxford.

Aubrey was one of those eminently good-natured men, who are very slothful in their own affairs, but spare no pains to work for a friend. He offered his help to Wood; and, when it was decided to include in Wood's book short notices of writers connected with Oxford, that help proved most valuable. Aubrey, through his family and family-connexions, and by reason of his restless goings-to-and-fro, had a wide circle of acquaintance among squires and parsons, lawyers and doctors, merchants and politicians, men of letters and persons of quality, both in town and country. He had been, until his estate was squandered, an extensive and curious buyer of books and MSS. And above all, being a good gossip, he had used to the utmost those opportunities of inquiry about men and things which had been afforded him by societies grave,[Pg 2] like the Royal Society, and frivolous, as coffee-house gatherings and tavern clubs. The scanty excerpts, given in these volumes, from letters written by him between 1668 and 1673, supply a hint of how deeply Wood's Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis Oxoniensis, published in 1674, was indebted to the multifarious memory and unwearying inquiries of the enthusiastic Aubrey.

Aubrey was one of those genuinely good-natured guys who are pretty lazy about their own affairs but will go all out to help a friend. He offered his assistance to Wood, and when they decided to add brief profiles of writers from Oxford in Wood's book, that help turned out to be extremely valuable. Aubrey, thanks to his family connections and his habit of being constantly on the move, had a wide network of acquaintances among landowners and clergy, lawyers and doctors, merchants and politicians, writers and influential people, both in the city and the countryside. Until he lost his estate, he had been a significant and curious buyer of books and manuscripts. Above all, being a great gossip, he made the most of the chances he had to inquire about people and events provided by serious societies like the Royal Society and lighter gatherings like coffee-house meetups and tavern clubs. The limited excerpts included in these volumes from letters he wrote between 1668 and 1673 offer a glimpse of how much Wood's Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis Oxoniensis, published in 1674, relied on Aubrey's extensive memory and tireless inquiries.

Dean Fell's request that Wood should notice Oxford writers and bishops in his Historia had suggested to Wood the plan of, and set him to work upon, the larger and happier scheme of the Athenae Oxonienses, an 'exact history of all the writers and bishops that have had their education in ... Oxford' since 1500. He engaged his friend Aubrey to help him in his undertaking, by committing to writing in a more systematic way, for Wood's benefit, his multitudinous recollections of men and books. He was dexterous enough to supply the additional motive, that, after serving his friend's turn, Aubrey's collections might be gathered together, preserved for a while in some safe and secret place, and, when personal feelings were saved by lapse of time, be published and secure their writer a niche in the Temple of Fame.

Dean Fell's suggestion that Wood pay attention to Oxford writers and bishops in his Historia inspired Wood to work on a more ambitious and positive project: the Athenae Oxonienses, an "exact history of all the writers and bishops who have been educated in ... Oxford" since 1500. He enlisted his friend Aubrey to assist him with this task by documenting more systematically his vast memories of people and books for Wood's benefit. He cleverly added that, after helping his friend, Aubrey's notes could be collected, kept safe for a while, and then published later when enough time had passed to ease any personal sentiments, allowing Aubrey to secure a spot in the Temple of Fame.

It was now by no means easy for Aubrey to undertake any extensive, and especially any connected work. Being by this time bankrupt, and a hanger-on at the tables of kindred and acquaintances, he had to fall in with his patrons' habits, at the houses where he visited; to sit with them till they wearied of their carousings in the small hours of the morning; and to do his writing next forenoon, before they had slept off their wine.

It was definitely not easy for Aubrey to take on any significant, especially any cohesive work. By then, he was broke and reliant on the generosity of family and friends, which meant he had to go along with their routines at the places he visited; to stay with them until they got tired of their partying in the early hours of the morning; and to do his writing the next morning before they had recovered from their drinking.

Still, his interest in the subject, and his desire to help his friend prevailed; and we soon find him thanking Wood for setting him to work. March 27, 1680 [1]:—''Twill be a pretty thing, and I am glad you putt me on it. I doe it playingly. This morning being up by 10, I writt two : one was Sir John Suckling [2], of whom I wrote [Pg 3]a leafe and ½ in folio.' May 22, 1680 [3]:—'My memoires of lives' 'a booke of 2 quires, close written: and after I had began it, I had such an impulse on my spirit that I could not be at quiet till I had donne it.' Sept. 8, 1680 [4]:—'My booke of lives ... they will be in all about six-score, and I beleeve never any in England were delivered so faithfully and with so good authority.'

Still, his interest in the topic and his desire to help his friend won out; soon we see him thanking Wood for getting him started. March 27, 1680 [1]:—''This will be a great thing, and I'm glad you suggested it. I'm doing it for fun. This morning, being up by 10, I wrote two : one was Sir John Suckling [2], of whom I wrote [Pg 3]a page and a half in folio.' May 22, 1680 [3]:—'My memoirs of lives 'a book of 2 quires, closely written: and after I started it, I felt such a strong urge in my spirit that I couldn't rest until I finished it.' Sept. 8, 1680 [4]:—'My book of lives ... there will be about six-score, and I believe no one in England has delivered them so faithfully and with such good authority.'

Aubrey, therefore, began these lives [5] on the suggestion of, and with a desire to help Anthony Wood.

Aubrey, therefore, started these lives [5] based on the suggestion of, and with the intention of helping Anthony Wood.

Among the lives so written were several of mathematicians and men of science. And another friend of Aubrey's, Dr. Richard Blackburne, advised him to collect these by themselves, and add others to them, with a view to a biographical history of mathematical studies in England. To this suggestion Aubrey was predisposed through his pride at being 'Fellow of the Royal Society,' and for some time he busied himself in that direction [6].

Among the lives recorded were several mathematicians and scientists. Another friend of Aubrey's, Dr. Richard Blackburne, suggested that he gather these biographies separately and add more to them in order to create a biographical history of mathematical studies in England. Aubrey was inclined to this idea because of his pride in being a 'Fellow of the Royal Society,' and for a while, he focused on this project [6].

In the same way, although the bulky life of Thomas Hobbes [7] was partly undertaken in fulfilment of a promise to Hobbes himself, an old personal friend, the motive which induced Aubrey to go on with it was a desire to supply Dr. Blackburne with material for a Latin biography, Vitae Hobbianae Auctarium, published in 1681.

In the same way, even though the extensive life of Thomas Hobbes [7] was partly done to keep a promise to Hobbes himself, an old personal friend, the reason Aubrey decided to continue with it was to provide Dr. Blackburne with material for a Latin biography, Vitae Hobbianae Auctarium, published in 1681.

These matters will be found more fully explained in the notices which Aubrey has prefixed to the several MSS. of his biographical collections, as described below.

These issues are explained in more detail in the notes that Aubrey has added to the various manuscripts of his biographical collections, as outlined below.

II. Condition of the 'Lives' Text.

Few of the 'Lives' are found in a fair copy [8]. Again and again, in his letters to Anthony Wood, Aubrey makes confession of the deficiencies of his copy, but puts off the heavy task of reducing it to shape.

Few of the 'Lives' are found in a fair copy [8]. Time and time again, in his letters to Anthony Wood, Aubrey admits the shortcomings of his copy, but keeps postponing the difficult task of organizing it.

[Pg 4]

His method of composition was as follows. He had a folio MS. book, and wrote at the top of a page here and there the name of a poet, or statesman, or the like, whose life he thought of committing to paper. Then, selecting a page and a name, he wrote down hastily, without notes or books, his recollections of the man, his personal appearance, his friendships, his actions or his books. If a date, a name, a title of a book, did not occur to him on the spur of the moment, he just left a blank, or put a mark of omission (generally, ... or——), and went on. If the matter which came to him was too much for the page, he made an effort to get it in somehow, in the margins (top, bottom, or sides), between the paragraphs, or on the opposite page.

His way of composing was like this. He had a large notebook and would write at the top of a page here and there the name of a poet, a politician, or someone similar whose life he wanted to document. Then, choosing a page and a name, he quickly jotted down, without any notes or books, his memories of the person—their appearance, friendships, actions, or works. If a date, a name, or the title of a work didn’t come to him right away, he would leave a blank or mark it with an omission (usually, ... or——), and move on. If the information he wanted to include was too much for the page, he tried to fit it in somehow, in the margins (at the top, bottom, or sides), between paragraphs, or on the next page.

When he read over what he had written in the first glow of composition, he erased, wrote alternatives to words and phrases, marked words, sentences, and paragraphs for transposition, inserted queries: unsettled everything.

When he looked over what he had written in the initial excitement of writing, he deleted, came up with different words and phrases, highlighted words, sentences, and paragraphs for rearranging, and added questions: messed everything up.

If later on, from books or persons, he got further information, he was reckless as to how he put in the new matter: sometimes he put it in the margin, sometimes at a wrong place in the text, or on a wrong leaf, or in the middle even of another life, and often, of course, in a different volume.

If he later learned more from books or people, he didn’t care how he added the new details: sometimes he wrote it in the margin, sometimes in the wrong spot in the text, or on the wrong page, or even in the middle of someone else's story, and often, of course, in a different book.

And there, as has been said, the copy was left. Very seldom was a revised copy made.

And there, as mentioned, the copy was left. A revised copy was rarely made.

To the confusions unavoidable in composing after this fashion, must be added the unsteadiness consequent on writing in the midst of morning sickness after a night's debauch. One passage, in which he describes his difficulties in composing, explains, in a way nothing else could, the frequent erasures, repetitions, half-made or inconsistent corrections, and dropping of letters, syllables, and words, which abound in his MSS. March 19, 1680/1 [9]; 'if I had but either one to come to me in a morning with a good scourge, or did not sitt-up till one or two with Mr. Wyld, I could doe a great deal of businesse.'

To the unavoidable confusions of writing this way, we must add the instability that comes from trying to write through morning sickness after a night of partying. One passage, where he talks about his struggles with writing, explains—like nothing else could—the frequent cross-outs, repetitions, incomplete or inconsistent edits, and the missing letters, syllables, and words that fill his manuscripts. March 19, 1680/1 [9]; 'If I had just one person to come to me in the morning with a good whip, or if I didn’t stay up until one or two with Mr. Wyld, I could get a lot done.'

[Pg 5]

III. Purpose of this Edition.

In presenting a text of Aubrey's 'Lives,' an editor, on more than one important point, has to decide between alternatives.

In presenting a text of Aubrey's 'Lives,' an editor often has to choose between different options on several important points.

1. Shall all, or some only, of the lives be given?

1. Should all of the lives be sacrificed, or just some?

It is plain, from a glance over the MSS., that many of the lives are of little interest; in some cases, because they contain more marks of omission than statements of fact; in other cases, because they give mainly excerpts from prefaces of books; and so on. A much more interesting, as well as handier, book would be produced, if the editor were to reject all lives in which Aubrey has nothing of intrinsic value to show.

It’s obvious from looking through the manuscripts that many of the biographies are uninteresting; in some cases, they have more omissions than actual information; in other cases, they mainly consist of excerpts from book prefaces; and so on. A much more engaging and convenient book could be created if the editor were to discard all biographies where Aubrey doesn’t present anything of actual value.

2. In the lives selected, shall the whole, or parts only, of what Aubrey has written be given?

2. In the selected lives, should we include all or just parts of what Aubrey has written?

Many sentences occur, which declare only Aubrey's ignorance of a date, or a place, or the title of a book. In other cases, dull and imperfect catalogues of writings are given. The omission of these would be a service to the whole, like the cutting of dead branches out of a shrub.

Many sentences show Aubrey's lack of knowledge about a date, a place, or the title of a book. In other instances, tedious and incomplete lists of writings are provided. Removing these would enhance the overall quality, much like trimming dead branches off a bush.

3. In constituting the text, how much, or how little, notice is to be taken of the imperfections of Aubrey's copy?

3. When creating the text, how much attention should be paid to the flaws in Aubrey's copy?

The simplest, and, from some points of view, the most effective, course would be to treat Aubrey's rough draft as if it were one's own, rejecting (without comment) one or other of two alternatives, supplying (without mark) a missing word or date, omitting a second version (though having some minor peculiarities) of a statement, and so on. In this way, with a minimum of trouble to the editor, a smooth text would be produced, which would spare the reader much irritation.

The easiest, and arguably the most effective, approach would be to handle Aubrey's rough draft as if it were your own, casually dismissing one of two options without comment, filling in a missing word or date without any indication, skipping a secondary version (even if it has some minor quirks) of a statement, and so on. This way, with minimal effort from the editor, a polished text would be created, which would save the reader a lot of frustration.

4. How far is the text to be annotated, the editor supplying Aubrey's abundant omissions, and correcting his many mistakes?

4. How much of the text should be annotated, with the editor filling in Aubrey's many omissions and fixing his numerous errors?

[Pg 6]

In respect of all these questions, the aim of the present edition, and the reasons for the decision taken in each case, can be stated very briefly and decidedly.

Regarding all these questions, the goal of this edition, and the reasoning behind the decisions made in each instance, can be expressed quite briefly and clearly.

1, and 2. This edition seeks to give in full all that Aubrey has written in his four chief MSS. of biographies, MSS. Aubrey 6, 7, 8, and 9.

1, and 2. This edition aims to provide everything that Aubrey has written in his four main manuscripts of biographies, manuscripts Aubrey 6, 7, 8, and 9.

The entire contents of these MSS. will thus be placed beyond that risk of perishing, to which they must have remained liable so long as they were found only in MS., and they will, for what they are worth, henceforth be accessible to all.

The entire contents of these manuscripts will now be safe from the risk of being lost, which they faced as long as they were only available in manuscript form, and they will, for whatever value they hold, now be accessible to everyone.

Some things in Aubrey's writing offend not merely against our present canons of good taste, but against good morals. The conversation of the people among whom Aubrey moved, although they were gentry both in position and in education, was often vulgar, and occasionally foul, as judged by us. I have dealt with these lives as historical documents, leaving them, with a very few excisions, to bear, unchecked, their testimony as to the manners and morals of Restoration England.

Some aspects of Aubrey's writing go against not just our current standards of good taste, but also basic morals. The conversation of the people Aubrey interacted with, despite their social status and education, often came off as vulgar and sometimes offensive, according to our standards. I've approached these lives as historical records, making only a few edits, allowing them to stand as is and show the manners and morals of Restoration England.

3. This edition seeks to present faithfully Aubrey's text as he wrote it, neglecting only absolute minutiae.

3. This edition aims to accurately present Aubrey's text as he wrote it, only disregarding absolute minor details.

(a) A plain text is given of what Aubrey wrote, taking, as seemed most convenient, sometimes his first version of a sentence or a word, sometimes his alternative version. The rejected alternatives are given in the textual notes, as 'duplicate with'; and occasionally the erasures, as 'substituted for.' Many of these notes are very trivial; but their presence, which after all gives little trouble, provides a complete view of the MS. text. I believe also that in this way I have preserved for the collector of words some quaint forms and expressions for which he will thank me, and provided the student of English style with some apt instances of the way in which terse native words have been replaced in our written language by feebler Latinisms.

(a) A straightforward text shows what Aubrey wrote, using, as it seemed most convenient, sometimes his first version of a sentence or a word, and sometimes his alternative version. The rejected alternatives are indicated in the textual notes, as 'duplicate with'; and occasionally the crossed-out words are noted as 'substituted for.' Many of these notes are quite minor; however, their inclusion, which is not particularly burdensome, offers a complete view of the manuscript text. I also believe that in this way, I have preserved for word collectors some unusual forms and expressions that they will appreciate, and provided students of English style with relevant examples of how concise native words have been replaced in our written language by weaker Latin terms.

(b) I have been careful to give, in every case, Aubrey's own spelling, with or without final or medial 'e,' with single[Pg 7] or double letters, 'ie' or other diphthong where we write 'ei,' and the like. The English of Aubrey's age is so like our own that it is not unimportant to mark even its minor differences.

(b) I've made sure to keep Aubrey's original spelling in every case, whether it includes a final or medial 'e,' with single[Pg 7] or double letters, 'ie' or other diphthongs where we use 'ei,' and similar variations. The English from Aubrey's time is so similar to ours that highlighting even its small differences is important.

All merely artificial tricks of writing (w^ch for which, and the like) have been neglected.

All just artificial writing tricks (like w^ch and similar ones) have been ignored.

(c) Where a date, a word, or a name has been inserted, the insertion is enclosed in angular brackets < >. Where it seemed requisite to mark that a word or phrase was added at a later date, or by another hand, square brackets have been used []. The use of these symbols, borrowed from Vahlen's edition of Aristotle's Poetics, has been censured as pedantic, but I know of no clearer or shorter way of making plain in a printed text just what is, and what is not, in the MS. text.

(c) When a date, word, or name has been added, the addition is shown in angle brackets < >. If it was necessary to indicate that a word or phrase was added later or by someone else, square brackets have been used []. The use of these symbols, taken from Vahlen's edition of Aristotle's Poetics, has been criticized as overly formal, but I am not aware of a clearer or shorter method to specify in a printed text exactly what is and isn't in the original manuscript.

(d) Punctuation is generally absent in Aubrey's text, as might be expected, and where it is found, it is often misleading. The points and marks in this edition are therefore such as seemed to make the meaning clear to myself, and therefore, I hope, to others.

(d) Aubrey's text usually lacks punctuation, which is what you'd expect, and when it does have punctuation, it's often confusing. The points and marks in this edition are meant to clarify the meaning for me, and hopefully, for others as well.

(e) As regards the order of the paragraphs, Aubrey's text has been given, where convenient, sentence by sentence, and page by page. But I have taken full liberty to bring into their proper place marginalia, interlinear notes, addenda on opposite pages, &c. In some cases, indeed, to give in print the MS. text sentence by sentence is to do it injustice. In the MS., the difference of inks between earlier and later notes, the difference of pen-strokes (on one day with a firm pen, on another with a scratchy quill), and similar nuances, impress the eye with a sequence of paragraphs which in print can be shown only by redistribution. For example, I claim that the life of Milton, in this edition, is, from its bolder treatment, truer to the MS., than the servile version in the old edition.

(e) Regarding the order of the paragraphs, Aubrey's text has been presented, where suitable, sentence by sentence and page by page. However, I’ve taken the liberty to place marginalia, interlinear notes, addenda on opposite pages, etc., in their proper locations. In some cases, presenting the manuscript text sentence by sentence does not do it justice. In the manuscript, the differences in ink between earlier and later notes, variations in pen strokes (one day with a firm pen, another with a scratchy quill), and similar nuances, create a sequence of paragraphs that can only be effectively shown in print through redistribution. For example, I assert that the life of Milton, in this edition, is, due to its bolder approach, more faithful to the manuscript than the rigid version in the old edition.

4. As regards notes and explanations. Aubrey's lives supply an inviting field for comment, correction, and addition. But, even so treated, they will never be a[Pg 8] biographical dictionary. Their value lies not in statement of bibliographical or other facts, but in their remarkably vivid personal touches, in what Aubrey had seen himself and what his friends had told him. The notes therefore seek to supply no more than indications of outstanding features of the text, identifications of Aubrey's informants, or necessary parallels from his letters.

4. Regarding notes and explanations, Aubrey's lives provide a great opportunity for comment, correction, and addition. However, even with these treatments, they will never be a[Pg 8] biographical dictionary. Their value isn’t in listing bibliographical or other facts but in their remarkably vivid personal insights, reflecting what Aubrey observed himself and what his friends shared with him. The notes, therefore, aim to provide only indications of notable features of the text, identifications of Aubrey's sources, or needed parallels from his letters.

IV. Description of the Manuscripts.

MS. Aubr. 6: a volume chiefly of folio leaves; written mostly in February 1679/80; now marked as containing 122 leaves (some pages blank), but having also a few unfoliated slips. Aubrey's own short title to it was:—

MS. Aubr. 6: a book mainly made up of folio pages; mostly written in February 1679/80; currently labeled as having 122 pages (some are blank), but it also includes a few unnumbered slips. Aubrey’s own brief title for it was:—

'Σχεδιάσματα. Brief Lives, part i.,'

'Drafts. Brief Lives, part i.,'

and, in his pagination, it contained eighty-six leaves. A rough index of its contents, by him, is found as foll. 8-10: and there he gives the names of several persons whose lives he intended to write, but has not included in this volume. Some of these are found elsewhere, especially in MS. Aubrey 8; but a few [10] are not discoverable in any MS. of his biographical collections—e.g., Richard Alcorne; Collins, D.D.; Richard Blackbourne, M.D.; Flamsted [11]; Sir John Hoskins; James Rex; James, duke of Monmouth [12]; Peter Ramus; Benjamin Ruddier; captain Sherburne; captaine Thomas Stump [13]; Richard White. Possibly Aubrey never wrote the missing lives; but it must be remembered (1) that he cut some leaves out of his MS. himself (see in a note to the life of Richard Boyle, earl of Cork); (2) that Anthony Wood cut out of MS. Aubr. 7 forty pages at least, containing matters 'to cut Aubrey's throat,' i.e. reflections on politics, where the lives of James R. and Monmouth may well have been.

and, in his pagination, it had eighty-six leaves. A rough index of its contents, created by him, is found as follows 8-10: and there he lists the names of several people whose lives he planned to write about, but didn't include in this volume. Some of these names appear elsewhere, especially in MS. Aubrey 8; but a few [10] can't be found in any of his biographical collections—like Richard Alcorne; Collins, D.D.; Richard Blackbourne, M.D.; Flamsted [11]; Sir John Hoskins; James Rex; James, Duke of Monmouth [12]; Peter Ramus; Benjamin Ruddier; Captain Sherburne; Captain Thomas Stump [13]; Richard White. It's possible Aubrey never wrote the missing biographies; but it should be noted (1) that he removed some leaves from his manuscript himself (see the note to the life of Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork); (2) that Anthony Wood cut out at least forty pages from MS. Aubr. 7, which contained content that could 'cut Aubrey's throat,' meaning reflections on politics, where the lives of James R. and Monmouth may well have been.

[Pg 9]

One point about this MS. which deserves mention is that, in these lives, Aubrey, in his hope to supply data for crucial instances in astrology, is careful to give the exact nativity wherever he can. His rule is thus laid down by himself in MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 12^v, in a note attached to the nativity of his friend Sir William Petty:—

One thing worth noting about this manuscript is that, in these biographies, Aubrey, in his effort to provide information for key examples in astrology, makes sure to include the exact birth information whenever he can. He states his guideline himself in MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 12^v, in a note related to the birth chart of his friend Sir William Petty:—

'Italian proverb—

Italian saying—

"E astrologia, ma non é Astrologo,"

"E astrology, but it's not an Astrologer,"

i.e. we have not that science yet perfect; 'tis one of the desiderata. The way to make it perfect is to gett a supellex of true genitures; in order wherunto I have with much care collected these ensuing [14], which the astrologers may rely on, for I have sett doune none on randome, or doubtfull, information, but from their owne mouthes: quod N. B.'

i.e. we don’t have that science perfected yet; it’s one of the desiderata. The way to make it perfect is to gather a collection of true birth charts; for this purpose, I have carefully compiled the following [14], which astrologers can depend on, as I have included none at random or uncertain information, but from their own words: quod N. B.

Another point is, that Aubrey very frequently gives the coat of arms, in trick or colour. In some cases, no doubt, he did this from having seen the arms actually borne in some way by the person he is writing about; but in other cases he merely looked up the name in a 'Dictionary of Arms,' and took the coat from thence, thus nullifying his testimony as to the actual pretensions to arms of those he writes about. All coats he mentions have, however, been given in the text or notes.

Another point is that Aubrey often provides the coat of arms, either in a trick or in color. In some cases, he likely did this because he saw the arms actually used by the person he was writing about; but in other instances, he simply looked up the name in a 'Dictionary of Arms' and took the coat from there, which undermines his credibility regarding the actual claims to arms of the individuals he describes. However, all coats he mentions have been included in the text or notes.

Prefixed to the volume [15] are two notes in which Aubrey explains its origin and destination.

Prefixed to the volume [15] are two notes where Aubrey explains its origin and destination.

(A)—MS. Aubr. 6, fol.[16] 2:—

'Tanquam tabulata naufragii,
Sum Johannis Aubrii, R.S.S.
Febr. 24, 1679/80.

'Like the wreck of a ship,
I am John Aubrey, R.S.S.
Febr. 24, 1679/80.'

My will and humble desire is that these minutes, [Pg 10]which I have hastily and scriblingly here sett downe, be delivered carefully to my deare and honoured friend Mr. Anthony à Wood, antiquary, of Oxford.—

My wish and humble desire is that these notes, [Pg 10]which I have quickly and sloppily written down, be delivered carefully to my dear and respected friend Mr. Anthony à Wood, historian, of Oxford.—

Ita obnixe obtestor,

Jo. Aubrey.

Ascenscione Domini,

correptus lipothymiâ, circiter 3 P.M.

1680.'

I'm sincerely asking,

Jo. Aubrey.

On Ascension Day,

overcome by dizziness, around 3 P.M.

1680.

(B)—MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 12:—

'To my worthy friend Mr. ANTHONIE à WOOD,

Antiquarie of Oxford.

Sir!

To my respected friend Mr. ANTHONIE à WOOD,

Antique dealer from Oxford.

Dude!

I have, according to your desire, putt in writing these minutes of lives tumultuarily, as they occurr'd to my thoughts or as occasionally I had information of them. They may easily be reduced into order at your leisure by numbring them with red figures, according to time and place, &c. 'Tis a taske that I never thought to have undertaken till you imposed it upon me, sayeing that I was fitt for it by reason of my generall acquaintance, having now not only lived above halfe a centurie of yeares in the world, but have also been much tumbled up and downe in it which hath made me much [17] knowne; besides the moderne advantage of coffee-howses in this great citie, before which men knew not how to be acquainted, but with their owne relations, or societies. I might add that I come of a longaevous race, by which meanes I have imped some feathers of the wings of time, for severall generations; which does reach high. When I first began, I did not thinke I could have drawne it out to so long a thread.

I have, as you requested, written down these chaotic moments of life as they came to mind or as I occasionally learned about them. You can easily organize them later by numbering them in red, according to time and place, etc. This is a task I never thought I would take on until you suggested it, saying I was suited for it because of my general knowledge, having now lived more than half a century in the world and having experienced a lot of ups and downs, which has made me quite well-known; in addition to the modern benefit of coffee houses in this great city, where people used to know each other only through family or close circles. I might mention that I come from a long-lived family, which has allowed me to pause for several generations, reaching back quite far. When I started, I didn’t think I could stretch it out for so long.

I here lay-downe to you (out of the conjunct friend[Pg 11]ship [18] between us) the trueth, and, as neer as I can and that religiously as a poenitent to his confessor, nothing but the trueth: the naked and plaine trueth, which is here exposed so bare that the very pudenda are not covered [19], and affords many passages that would raise a blush in a young virgin's [20] cheeke. So that after your perusall, I must desire you to make a castration (as Raderus [21] to Martial) and to sowe-on some figge-leaves—i.e., to be my Index expurgatorius.

I’m laying out the truth for you (out of the close friendship[Pg 11] between us), and I’ll do this as honestly as possible, like a penitent to their confessor. It’s nothing but the truth: the raw and plain truth, which is exposed so openly that even the most private parts are not covered [19], and it includes many details that would make a young virgin blush [20]. So, after you’ve read it, I must ask you to do some editing (like Raderus [21] to Martial) and cover it up with some fig leaves—basically, to be my Index expurgatorius.

What uncertainty doe we find in printed histories? they either treading too neer on the heeles of trueth that they dare not speake plaine, or els for want of intelligence (things being antiquated) become too obscure and darke! I doe not here repeat any thing already published (to the best of my remembrance) and I fancy my selfe all along discourseing with you; alledgeing those of my relations and acquaintance (as either you knew or have heerd of) ad faciendam fidem: so that you make me to renew my acquaintance with my old and deceased friends, and to rejuvenescere (as it were) which is the pleasure of old men. 'Tis pitty that such minutes had not been taken 100 yeares since or more: for want wherof many worthy men's names and notions [22] are swallowd-up in oblivion; as much of these also would [have [23] been], had it not been through your instigation: and perhaps this is one of the usefullest pieces [24] that I have scribbeld.

What uncertainties do we find in printed histories? They either come too close to the truth that they don’t dare to speak plainly, or they become too obscure and dark due to lack of knowledge (since things have become outdated)! I’m not repeating anything already published (to the best of my memory), and I imagine I’m constantly having a conversation with you, mentioning those in my circle of friends and acquaintances (as you either know or have heard of) ad faciendam fidem: so you’ve prompted me to reconnect with my old and deceased friends, and to rejuvenescere (as it were), which is the joy of old men. It’s a pity that these moments weren’t recorded 100 years ago or more: because of that, many worthy men’s names and ideas [22] are lost to time; much of this would [have [23] been], if not for your encouragement: and perhaps this is one of the most useful pieces [24] that I’ve scribbled.

I remember one sayeing of generall Lambert's, that "the [Pg 12]best of men are but men at the best": of this, you will meet with divers examples in this rude and hastie collection. Now these arcana are not fitt to lett flie abroad, till about 30 yeares hence; for the author and the persons (like medlars) ought to be first rotten. But in whose hands must they be deposited in the mean time? advise me, who am,

I remember a saying from General Lambert: "the best of men are just men at best." You’ll find various examples of this in this rough and quick collection. These arcana aren't suitable to be shared publicly until about 30 years from now, as both the author and the individuals involved (like medlars) should be fully matured first. But whose hands should they be kept in during this time? Please advise me, as I am,

Sir,
Your very affectionate friend
to serve you,

John Aubrey.

London,
June 15,
1680.'

Dear [Name],
Your sincerely devoted friend
at your service,

John Aubrey.

London,
June 15,
1680.

MS. Aubr. 7: a folio volume of twenty-one leaves (several pages blank), of which two [25] only belong to the original MS.

MS. Aubr. 7: a folio volume of twenty-one pages (with several pages blank), of which only two [25] are part of the original manuscript.

The original title may be conjectured to have been:

The original title might be thought to have been:

'Σχεδιάσματα. Brief Lives, part ii.,'

'Sketches. Brief Lives, part ii.,'

and it possibly contained some letters, like those in the preceding volume, which made Wood think it was given to him.

and it might have included some letters, similar to those in the previous volume, which led Wood to believe it was intended for him.

On fol. 1, is a note describing the make-up of the volume:—

On fol. 1, there is a note describing the composition of the volume:—

'Aubrey's Lives: fragments of part ii.—These scattered fragments collected and arranged by E. M. Sep. 1792.' A note (in Dr. Philip Bliss's hand?) says that E. M. is Edmund Malone.

'Aubrey's Lives: fragments of part ii.—These scattered fragments collected and arranged by E. M. Sep. 1792.' A note (possibly in Dr. Philip Bliss's handwriting?) mentions that E. M. stands for Edmund Malone.

In this, as in the other Aubrey MSS., Dr. Bliss has made several slight notes, both in pencil and ink, with a view to his edition.

In this, like in the other Aubrey manuscripts, Dr. Bliss has made several minor notes, both in pencil and ink, for his edition.

The mutilation of the MS. was the crime of Anthony Wood, to whom it had been sent. Two conjectures may be hazarded—either that Wood did this in order to paste the cuttings into his rough copy of his projected Athenae, and so save transcription; or, more probably, that he was[Pg 13] so thoroughly alarmed by the threat of Lord Clarendon's prosecution of himself (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 1-46), that he destroyed the papers containing Aubrey's sharp reflections on various prominent personages [26]. But whatever the pretext, Aubrey was, naturally, very grieved at his unjustifiable conduct. In a letter to Wood, dated Sept. 2, 1694 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 155), he writes:—

The damage to the manuscript was the fault of Anthony Wood, to whom it had been sent. Two guesses can be made—either that Wood did this to stick the cutouts into his rough draft of his planned Athenae, saving him from writing everything out again; or, more likely, that he was so scared of Lord Clarendon's threat to prosecute him (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 1-46) that he destroyed the papers containing Aubrey's pointed comments on various well-known figures [26]. But whatever his reason, Aubrey was, understandably, very upset about his unjustifiable actions. In a letter to Wood dated September 2, 1694 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 155), he writes:—

'You have cutt out a matter of 40 pages out of one of my volumnes, as also the index. Was ever any body so unkind?—And I remember you told me comeing from Hedington that there were some things in it that "would cutt my throat." I thought you so deare a friend that I might have entrusted my life in your hands and now your unkindnes doth almost break my heart.'

'You have removed about 40 pages from one of my volumes, including the index. Has anyone ever been so unkind?—And I remember you told me while coming back from Headington that there were some things in it that "would cut my throat." I thought you were such a dear friend that I could have entrusted my life to you, and now your unkindness is almost breaking my heart.'

When Aubrey had the volume back in his own hands, he wrote in it [27] the following censure:—

When Aubrey had the book back in his hands, he wrote in it [27] the following criticism:—

'Ingratitude! This part the second Mr. Wood haz gelded from page 1 to page 44 and other pages [28] too are wanting wherein are contained trueths, but such as I entrusted nobody with the sight of but himselfe (whom I thought I might have entrusted with my life). There are severall papers that may cutt my throate. I find too late Memento diffidere was a saying worthy one of the sages. He hath also embezill'd the index of it—quod N. B. It was stitch't up when I sent it to him.

'Ingratitude! This part the second Mr. Wood has removed from page 1 to page 44, and other pages [28] are also missing, which contain truths that I only trusted him to see (the person I believed I could trust with my life). There are several papers that could ruin me. I realize too late that Memento diffidere was advice worth heeding from the sages. He has also stolen the index—just so you know, it was stitched up when I sent it to him.'

Novemb. 29, 1692.'

Nov 29, 1692.

MS. Aubr. 8: a folio volume, containing 105 leaves: it contains two distinct MSS., bound together.

MS. Aubr. 8: a large book with 105 pages: it includes two separate manuscripts that are bound together.

The first part of the MS. (foll. 1-68 in the present marking) might have been entitled:—

The first part of the MS. (foll. 1-68 in the present marking) might have been titled:—

'Σχεδιάσματα. Brief Lives, part iii.'

'Sketches. Brief Lives, part iii.'

[Pg 14]

On fol. 1 and fol. 3, the short title actually written by Aubrey is:—

ʻ♄
Pars iii^tia

ʻ♄
Part 3

1681

ᴊᴬʼ

i.e. the symbol for Saturn, the patron of antiquarian studies, and Aubrey's monogram. On fol. 4 Aubrey has a very elaborate title, showing the destination of the MS.:—

i.e. the symbol for Saturn, the patron of ancient studies, and Aubrey's monogram. On fol. 4, Aubrey has a very detailed title that indicates the purpose of the MS.:—

'Auctarium vitarum a collectarum, anno Domini 1681.

'Auctarium vitarum a collected, in the year 1681.'

Tanquam tabulata naufragii.

Like a shipwreck's debris.

John Aubrey, R.S.S.

John Aubrey, F.S.A.

Le mal est que la vive voix meurt en naissant et ne laisse rien qui reste apres elle, ni formant point de corps qui subsiste en l'air. Les paroles ont des aisles; vous scavez l'epithete [29] qu'Homère leur donne, et un poëte Syrien en a fait un espece parmy les oiseaux; de sorte que, si on n'arreste pas ces fugitives par l'ecriture, elles eschappent fort vistement à la memoire.

The problem is that spoken words die as soon as they’re born and leave nothing behind, not even forming any lasting presence in the air. Words have wings; you know the term [29] that Homer gives them, and a Syrian poet turned them into a kind of bird; so, if we don’t capture these fleeting words in writing, they quickly escape our memory.

Les Oeuvres diverses du sieur de Balzac, page 43.

Ornari res ipsa nolit contenta doceri.—Horat

For Mr. Anthony Wood
at
Oxford.'

For Mr. Anthony Wood
at
Oxford.

A slip by Anthony Wood, pasted here, shows that Aubrey recalled the MS., probably to make additions to it:—

A note from Anthony Wood, attached here, indicates that Aubrey remembered the manuscript, likely to add to it:—

'Mr. Aubrey,

I beseech you as you have been civill in giving this book to me at Oxon in Sept. 1681, so I hope when you have done with it you'l returne every part of it againe to your servant,

I ask you, since you've been polite in giving me this book in Oxford in September 1681, I hope that when you're done with it, you'll return every part of it to your servant,

Ant. Wood.'

As originally made up, this 'Auctarium' contained[Pg 15] four leaves at the beginning (for an index [30]), and leaves foliated 1-38 (of which 12 and 13 are now [31] missing).

As originally created, this 'Auctarium' included[Pg 15] four pages at the start (for an index [30]), and pages numbered 1-38 (of which 12 and 13 are now [31] missing).

The second part [32] of the MS. extends over foll. 69-103 in the present marking.

The second part [32] of the MS. covers pages 69-103 in the current marking.

Aubrey, on fol. 69, writes the title:—

Aubrey, on page 69, writes the title:—

'An Apparatus for the lives
of our English mathematical writers
by
Mr. John Aubrey, R.S.S.
March 25, 1690.'

As originally made up, this treatise consisted of one leaf (for an index [33]) and pages marked 1-46 (of which pp. 31-38 are now missing).

As originally created, this document had one page (for an index [33]) and pages numbered 1-46 (of which pages 31-38 are now missing).

The history of this treatise is fully set out by Aubrey in some notes in it and in the other MSS.:—

The history of this treatise is completely detailed by Aubrey in some notes within it and in the other manuscripts.

1. It was suggested by Richard Blackburne.

Richard Blackburne proposed it.

MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 8^v:—'Dr. Blackbourn would have me putt out in print the lives of our English mathematicians together.'

MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 8^v:—'Dr. Richard Blackbourn asked me to publish the lives of our English mathematicians together.'

2. It had been partly anticipated by Selden and Sherburne.

2. Selden and Sherburne had partially expected it.

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 70:—'My purpose is, if God give me life, to make an apparatus, for [34] the lives of our English Mathematicians; which when I have ended, I would then desire Mr. Anthony Wood to find out one that is master [Pg 16]of a good Latin stile, and to adde what is [35] already in his printed booke [36] to these following [37] minutes.

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 70:—'My goal is, if God allows me to live, to create an apparatus for [34] the lives of our English Mathematicians; once I finish that, I would then ask Mr. Anthony Wood to find someone who has a good way with Latin, and to add what is [35] already in his printed book [36] to the following [37] notes.

'I will not meddle with our own writers [38] in the mathematicks before the reigne of king Henry VIII, but prefix those excellent verses of Mr. John Selden (with a learned commentary to them) which are printed before a booke intituled Hopton's Concordance of yeares[39] scilicet:—'

'I won't interfere with our own writers in mathematics before the reign of King Henry VIII, but I will include those excellent verses by Mr. John Selden (along with an insightful commentary) that are printed before a book titled Hopton's *Concordance of Years*.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 69:—'Sir Edward Shirbourn, somewhere in his translation and notes upon Manilius, has enumerated our English mathematicians, and hath given short touches of their lives—which see.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 69:—'Sir Edward Shirbourn, in his translation and notes on Manilius, has listed our English mathematicians and provided brief summaries of their lives—which see.'

3. The first step towards it would be to pick out the mathematicians from the lives already written by Aubrey.

3. The first step towards this would be to identify the mathematicians from the lives that Aubrey has already written.

MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 51^v:—'I would have the lives of John Dee, Sir Henry Billingsley, the two Digges (father and sonne), Mr. Thomas Hariot, Mr. Warner, Mr. Brigges, and Dr. Pell's, to be putt together.—As to the account of Mr. Hariot, Mr. Warner, and Mr. Brigges, I recieved it from Dr. Pell.'

MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 51^v:—'I would like to have the lives of John Dee, Sir Henry Billingsley, the two Digges (father and son), Mr. Thomas Hariot, Mr. Walter Warner, Mr. Henry Brigges, and Dr. John Pell compiled together.—Regarding the information about Mr. Hariot, Mr. Warner, and Mr. Brigges, I got it from Dr. Pell.'

MS. Aubr. 9: a folio, containing fifty-five leaves, and in addition several printed papers.

MS. Aubr. 9: a large book with fifty-five pages, plus several printed documents.

The title is found on fol. 28 (as now marked) of the MS.:—

The title is found on page 28 (as currently marked) of the manuscript:—

'Supplementum vitae Thomae Hobbes,
Malmesburiensis,
1679/80

'Supplement to the Life of Thomas Hobbes,
of Malmesbury,
1679/80

Hobbi__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ enjoyable old age,
His character was as gentle as his eloquence, Ingenium.—

Juvenal, Sat. IV. v. 81.

Juvenal, Sat. IV. v. 81.

Extinctus amabitur.—

Extinct will be loved.

Horat. Epist. I. lib. 2.

Horat. Epist. I. vol. 2.

I. A.'

I. A.

I. A. = Aubrey's initials.

I. A.

[Pg 17]

The reason for this title was that Aubrey intended his Collections to be a sort of commentary on Hobbes' short Latin autobiography, which was in the press in Febr. 1679/80, and was published in Nov. 1680 (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 480, 500).

The reason for this title was that Aubrey meant for his Collections to serve as a commentary on Hobbes' brief Latin autobiography, which was in publication in February 1679/80 and released in November 1680 (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 480, 500).

But Anthony Wood (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28) objected:—'What need you say Supplimentum?' sic 'pray say the life of Thomas Hobbs.' And Aubrey, in obedience to this, changed the short title on fol. 30 (see the beginning of the life); and on the parchment cover of the MS. (now fol. 1) wrote:—

But Anthony Wood (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28) disagreed:—'Why call it Supplimentum?' sic 'Please just call it the life of Thomas Hobbs.' And Aubrey, following this, changed the short title on fol. 30 (see the beginning of the life); and on the parchment cover of the MS. (now fol. 1) wrote:—

'The life of
Mr. Thomas Hobbes,
of Malmsbury,
by
Mr. John Aubrey,
Fellow of the Royall Societie,
1679/80.'

'The life of
Mr. Thomas Hobbes,
of Malmsbury,
by
Mr. John Aubrey,
Fellow of the Royal Society,
1679/80.'

Aubrey set about this Life of Hobbes immediately after Hobbes' death, partly as a tribute of respect to his friend's memory, but apparently also in fulfilment of a promise to the deceased. The preface [41] is as follows:—

Aubrey got started on this Life of Hobbes right after Hobbes passed away, both as a way to honor his friend's memory and also seemingly to keep a promise he made to him. The preface [41] is as follows:—

'Lectori.

Lectori.

'Tis religion to performe the will of the dead; which I here [42] dischardge, with my promise (1667) to my old friend Mr. T H, in publishing [43] his life and performing the last office to my old [44] friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes, whom I have had the honour to know my child-hood [45], being his countreyman and borne in Malmesbury hundred and taught my grammar by his schoolmaster [46].

It's a matter of respect to carry out the wishes of the deceased; which I here [42] fulfill, honoring my promise (1667) to my old friend Mr. T H, by publishing [43] his life and performing the final duty to my old [44] friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes, whom I have had the privilege to know my childhood [45], being from the same area and born in Malmesbury hundred and taught my grammar by his schoolmaster [46].

Since nobody knew so many particulars of his life as [Pg 18]myselfe, he was willing [47] that if I survived him, it should be handed to posterity by my hands, which I declare and avow to do ingenuously and impartially, to prevent misreports and undecieve those who are scandalized by....

Since nobody knew as many details about his life as I did, he wanted that if I outlived him, it should be passed down through me. I promise to do this honestly and fairly, to prevent misunderstandings and clear up those who are shocked by...

One sayes [48] that when a learned man dyes, a great deal of learning dyes with him. He was 'flumen ingenii,' never dry. The recrementa[49] of so learned a person are [50] valueable [I.]. Amongst innumerable observables of him which had deserved to be sett downe, these few (that have not scap't [51] my memory) I humbly offer [52] to the present age and posterity, tanquam tabulam naufragii[II.], and as plankes and lighter things swimme, and are preserved, where the more weighty sinke and are lost. And [53] as with the light after sun-sett—at which time, clear [54]; by and by [55], comes the crepusculum; then, totall darkenes—in like manner is it with matters of antiquitie. Men thinke, because every body remembers a memorable accident shortly after 'tis donne, 'twill never be forgotten, which for want of registring [56], at last is drowned in oblivion. Which [57] reflection haz been a hint, that by my meanes many antiquities have been reskued [58], and preserved (I myselfe now inclining [59] to be ancient [60])—or els utterly lost and forgotten.

One says [48] that when a learned man dies, a lot of knowledge dies with him. He was 'the river of genius,' never running dry. The remnants[49] of such a knowledgeable person are [50] valuable [I.]. Among the countless observations he made that deserve to be recorded, these few (that haven't escaped [51] my memory) I humbly offer [52] to the present age and future generations, as a lifeboat from a shipwreck[II.], and just like planks and lighter things float and are preserved while the heavier ones sink and are lost. And [53] just as with the light after sunset—where initially it is clear [54]; soon afterwards [55], comes the twilight; then, complete darkness—in the same way it is with matters of antiquity. People think that because everyone remembers a significant event shortly after it happens, it will never be forgotten, but without proper recording [56], it eventually gets drowned in oblivion. This [57] thought has inspired me to rescue [58] many antiquities and preserve them (I myself now leaning [59] towards being ancient [60])—or else they would be utterly lost and forgotten.

[I.] We read that an earthen lamp of a philosopher (quaere nomen) hath been sold for....

[I.] We read that an earthen lamp belonging to a philosopher (what’s the name?) has been sold for....

[II.] Vide Erasmi Adagia and quaere Dr. Bl.

[II.] See Erasmi Adagia and ask Dr. Bl.

For that I am so minute, I declare I never intended it, but setting downe in my first [61] draught every particular [62], (with purpose, upon review, to retrench [63] what was super[Pg 19]fluous and triviall), I shewed it to some friends of mine (who also were of Mr. Hobbes's acquaintance) whose judgments I much value, who gave their opinion: and 'twas clearly their judgement [64], to let all stand; for though to soome at present it might appeare too triviall; yet hereafter 'twould not be scorned [65] but passe [66] for antiquity.

I'm really particular about this; I honestly didn't mean to be. But when I wrote my initial draft, I included every detail, planning to cut out what was unnecessary and trivial upon review. I showed it to a few friends of mine, who also knew Mr. Hobbes and whose opinions I respect greatly. They all agreed that everything should stay as it was. Even though it might seem trivial to some right now, in the future, it won’t be dismissed but rather appreciated as something classic.

And besides I have precedents of reverend writers to plead, who have in some lives [III.] recited things as triviall [67], nay, the sayings and actions of good woemen.

And besides, I have examples from respected authors to support my case, who have in some biographies [III.] shared things that are minor [67], including the words and actions of virtuous women.

[III.] Dean Fell hath recorded his mother's jejune sayings and actions and triviall remarques of Dr. Hammond in his life, written by him.

[III.] Dean Fell has noted his mother's simplistic sayings and actions, along with the trivial comments of Dr. Hammond in his autobiography, written by him.

I am also to beg pardon of the reader for two long digressions, viz. Malmesbury and Gorambery; but this also was advised, as the only way to preserve them, and which I have donne for the sake of the lovers of antiquity. I hope its novelty and pleasantness will make compensation for its length.

I also want to apologize to the reader for the two long digressions, namely Malmesbury and Gorambery. However, this was recommended as the only way to keep them included, and I did it for the sake of those who appreciate history. I hope that its uniqueness and enjoyment will make up for its length.

Yours [68],

I. A.'

Yours __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__,

I. A.'

In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28^v are two letters by Aubrey, asking advice in connexion with this life.

In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28^v are two letters by Aubrey, asking for advice regarding this life.

i. Aubrey to Anthony Wood.

'To his honoured friend Mr. Anthony à Wood, Master of Arts, at Merton College in Oxon.

'To his esteemed friend Mr. Anthony à Wood, Master of Arts, at Merton College in Oxford.'

Deare friend!

Dear friend!

I have hastily writt this third draught, which I hope is legible: I have not time to read it over. Pray peruse it as soon as you can, for time drawes on. Dr. Blackburne and I will be diligent in it and will doe you all the right [69] your heart can wish. I thought together with this to have sent you the transcript of Mr. Hobbes' life revised by himselfe but am prevented by hast, and 'tis the last day of the terme. I will send it suddenly.

I quickly wrote this third draft, which I hope is readable; I don’t have time to go over it. Please read it as soon as you can, as time is running out. Dr. Blackburne and I will work hard on this and will do what your heart desires. I also meant to send you the revised transcript of Mr. Hobbes' life, but I'm rushed, and it’s the last day of the term. I’ll send it soon.

[Pg 20]

My service to Mr. Pigot. I am, Sir, your affectionate friend and servant,

My service to Mr. Pigot. I am, Sir, your devoted friend and servant,

Jo. Aubrey.

London Feb. 12,
1679/80.

Why might not his two sheetes Of heresie be bound up with this to preserve it and propagate trueth?

Why shouldn't his two sheets Of heresie be bound together with this to preserve it and spread the truth?

I know here be severall tautologies; but I putt them downe thus here, that upon reviewe I should judge where such or such a thing would most aptly stand.

I know there are several redundancies here, but I wrote them down like this so that when I review them, I can decide where each thing would fit best.

Why should not Dr. Blackbourne in the life of Mr. H. written by him selfe quote that of A. Wood in the margent for a blindation, because there are in great part the very same words?'

Why shouldn’t Dr. Blackbourne quote that from A. Wood in the margin in the life of Mr. H. written by himself as a reference, just because it contains many of the exact same words?

ii. Aubrey to Richard Blackburne.

'Dr. Blackbourne!

Dr. Blackbourne!

Pray advise me whether 'twould not shew handsomest to begin with a description of Malmesbury, and then to place Mr. H. pedigre?

Please let me know if it would look better to start with a description of Malmesbury and then include Mr. H.'s family background?

But, with all, should not

But still, should not

"Thomas Hobbes was borne at Malmesbury, Apr. ... 1588 [70]"

"Thomas Hobbes was born in Malmesbury, April ... 1588 [70]"

be the initiall and, as it were, textuall, line?

be the initial and, as it were, textual, line?

Shall I in the first place putt Mr. H. life donne by himselfe? (If so, whether in Latin, or English, or both?) Or else, shall I intersperse it with these animadversions?

Should I start by presenting Mr. H.'s life on its own? (If so, should it be in Latin, English, or both?) Or should I mix it in with these comments?

I could begin with a pleasant description of Malmesbury, etc., (all new and untoucht) 14 leaves in 8vo, which his verses will lead me to, and which Ant. Wood seemes to desire.

I could start with a nice description of Malmesbury, etc., (all fresh and untouched) 14 leaves in 8vo, which his verses will guide me to, and which Ant. Wood seems to want.

Pray be my Aristarchus, and correct and marke what you thinke fitt. First draughts [71] ought to be rude as those of paynters, for he that in his first essay will be curious in refining will certainly be unhappy in inventing.

Please be my critic, and correct and highlight what you think is appropriate. First drafts [71] should be rough, just like those of artists, because anyone who tries to refine their initial attempt too much will definitely struggle with creativity.

Doctor, I am your affectionate and humble servant.

Doctor, I am your caring and devoted servant.

J. A.

[Pg 21]

I will speake to Fleetwood Shepherd to engage the earl of Dorset to write in the old gentleman's praise.

I will talk to Fleetwood Shepherd to get the Earl of Dorset to write in praise of the old gentleman.

Should mine be in Latin or English or both? (And by whome the Latin, if so?) Is my English style well enough [72]?'

Should mine be in Latin, English, or both? (And who would write the Latin, if that's the case?) Is my English style good enough [72]?

Other MSS. A few additional lives, and portions of lives, of persons mentioned in these four biographical volumes, have been brought in from letters by Aubrey in MS. Ballard 14 and in MS. Wood F 39 and F 49.

Other MSS. A few more life stories, and parts of lives, of people mentioned in these four biographical volumes, have been included from letters by Aubrey in MS. Ballard 14 and in MS. Wood F 39 and F 49.

Three lives, in fair copy, by Aubrey, are found in MS. Rawlinson D. 727, foll. 93-96, and have been given here. They were formerly in Anthony Wood's hands: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 192, note.

Three lives, in neat writing, by Aubrey, are found in MS. Rawlinson D. 727, pages 93-96, and are included here. They were previously in Anthony Wood's possession: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 192, note.

MS. Aubr. 21, a volume made up in the Ashmolean library from siftings out of Aubrey MSS. and papers; MS. Aubr. 22, a collection of grammatical tracts, brought together by Aubrey with a view to a treatise on education; MS. Aubr. 23, a volume of 125 leaves, dated on fol. 8 as 'Collectio geniturarum, made London May 29, 1674,' but on the title as '1677: for the Musaeum'; MS. Aubr. 26,'Faber fortunae,' i.e. projects for retrieving Aubrey's fortunes——have yielded additional matter.

MS. Aubr. 21 is a volume compiled in the Ashmolean library from selected writings from Aubrey's manuscripts and papers; MS. Aubr. 22 is a collection of grammatical essays put together by Aubrey for a treatise on education; MS. Aubr. 23 is a volume of 125 pages, dated on page 8 as 'Collectio geniturarum, made London May 29, 1674,' but is titled '1677: for the Museum'; MS. Aubr. 26, 'Faber fortunae,' meaning projects to restore Aubrey's fortunes — has provided additional material.

V. The Classic Version.

The pith of these lives was extracted by Anthony Wood, and incorporated in his Athenae, vol. i. in 1691, vol. ii. in 1692, and the 'appendix' left in MS. at his death (published in the second edition of the Athenae in 1721).

The essence of these lives was gathered by Anthony Wood and included in his Athenae, vol. i. in 1691, vol. ii. in 1692, and the 'appendix' that remained in manuscript form at his death (published in the second edition of the Athenae in 1721).

The MSS. of Aubrey's 'Lives' were placed in the library of the Ashmolean Museum, in the personal custody of the Keeper, Edward Lhwyd, in 1693. Aubrey, writing [73] to Thomas Tanner, intimates that his MSS. will show how greatly Wood's Athenae was indebted to his help, and [Pg 22]makes a special request that Wood shall not know that they have been placed in the Museum.

The manuscripts of Aubrey's 'Lives' were put into the library of the Ashmolean Museum, under the personal care of the Keeper, Edward Lhwyd, in 1693. Aubrey, writing [73] to Thomas Tanner, suggests that his manuscripts will demonstrate how much Wood's Athenae relied on his assistance and makes a specific request that Wood should not be aware that they have been stored in the Museum. [Pg 22]

Beginning [74] on Sept. 16, 1792, Edmund Malone made a transcript of 174 lives from the three MSS. (MS. Aubr. 6, 7, 8), with notes, with a view to publication. The first volume of this contained folios 1-152, forty-four lives of poets and sixty-eight of prose writers. It is now in the Bodleian, by the gift of C. E. Doble, Esq.; but mutilated, folios 126-152 having been torn off from the end of the volume. The second volume, containing folios 153-385, sixty-two lives, was MS. 9405 in Sir Thomas Phillipps' library, was mentioned in Notes and Queries (8 S. vii. 375), and has recently been bought by the Bodleian.

Beginning [74] on September 16, 1792, Edmund Malone created a transcript of 174 biographies from the three manuscripts (MS. Aubr. 6, 7, 8), along with notes, intending to publish it. The first volume included folios 1-152, with forty-four lives of poets and sixty-eight of prose writers. It's now at the Bodleian, given by C. E. Doble, Esq.; however, it’s damaged, as folios 126-152 have been torn out from the back of the volume. The second volume, which contains folios 153-385 and sixty-two lives, was MS. 9405 in Sir Thomas Phillipps' library, was noted in Notes and Queries (8 S. vii. 375), and has recently been acquired by the Bodleian.

Some years later, James Caulfield, of London, publisher, arranged for the issue of a select number of biographies from Aubrey's MSS., illustrated by engravings from originals in the Ashmolean and elsewhere. They were to appear under the title of 'The Oxford Cabinet'; and one part, 32 pp., a very pretty book, was published at London in 1797. This part contains the lives of William Aubrey, Francis Bacon, John Barclay, and Francis Beaumont, with engravings (inter alia) of Aubrey's drawings of Verulam House, and Bacon's fishponds. At this point the Keeper of the Ashmolean, at Malone's instance, withdrew the permission which had been granted to Curtis to transcribe for Caulfield. The reason given was that Curtis had taken away papers and title-pages from Oxford libraries, and was not to be trusted in the Ashmolean—see Macray's Annals of the Bodleian, p. 273.

Some years later, James Caulfield, a publisher in London, arranged to publish a select number of biographies from Aubrey's manuscripts, featuring illustrations from original works housed in the Ashmolean and other places. They were set to be released under the title 'The Oxford Cabinet'; one part, consisting of 32 pages, a very attractive book, was published in London in 1797. This part includes the lives of William Aubrey, Francis Bacon, John Barclay, and Francis Beaumont, along with engravings, including Aubrey's drawings of Verulam House and Bacon's fishponds. At this point, the Keeper of the Ashmolean, acting on Malone's suggestion, revoked the permission previously given to Curtis to transcribe for Caulfield. The reason provided was that Curtis had taken documents and title pages from Oxford libraries and was deemed untrustworthy in the Ashmolean—see Macray's Annals of the Bodleian, p. 273.

The dates, however, suggest that Malone's action may have been in part inspired by a wish to keep the course clear for his own project. The transcription made for Caulfield, although not always accurate in point of spelling, is by no means badly done: certainly it is much better than that which was made for the later issue.

The dates, however, suggest that Malone's actions might have been partly motivated by a desire to keep things clear for his own project. The transcription done for Caulfield, while not always perfect in spelling, is definitely well done: it's certainly much better than the one made for the later issue.

In 1813 appeared 'Letters written by Eminent Persons ... and Lives of Eminent Men by John Aubrey, Esq. ...[Pg 23] from the originals in the Bodleian Library and Ashmolean Museum: in two volumes.' The editors are said to have been Dr. Philip Bliss and the Rev. John Walker, Fellow of New College.

In 1813, 'Letters Written by Eminent Persons ... and Lives of Eminent Men by John Aubrey, Esq. ...[Pg 23] from the originals in the Bodleian Library and Ashmolean Museum: in two volumes.' The editors are reported to be Dr. Philip Bliss and Rev. John Walker, Fellow of New College.

The Lives by Aubrey occupy pp. 197-637 of Volume II.

The Lives by Aubrey are on pages 197-637 of Volume II.

Dr. Bliss's interests were bibliographical, and he was not careful [75] to collate with original MSS. either the printed text of earlier editions or transcripts made for himself. As a result, that issue of Aubrey's Lives, although making accessible the greater portion of what is interesting in the originals, is marred by many grave blunders and arbitrary omissions.

Dr. Bliss was interested in bibliographies, and he wasn’t diligent [75] about comparing either the printed text of earlier editions or the transcripts he made for himself with the original manuscripts. Because of this, that edition of Aubrey's Lives, while making most of the interesting content from the originals available, contains many serious mistakes and arbitrary omissions.

A comparison of a few pages of Dr. Bliss's edition with Aubrey's MS. copy suggests a troublesome question in English textual criticism. If two eminent Oxford scholars in the beginning of the nineteenth century could thus pervert their author's meaning, can we have trust in the earlier redaction of greater texts, such as Shakespeare?

A comparison of a few pages of Dr. Bliss's edition with Aubrey's manuscript copy raises a troubling question in English textual criticism. If two prominent Oxford scholars at the beginning of the nineteenth century could distort their author's meaning like this, can we really trust the earlier versions of larger texts, like those of Shakespeare?

[Pg 24]

THE 'LIVES'

George Abbot (1562-1633).

[76]Archbishop Abbot was borne in the howse of old Flemish building, timber and brick, now an alehouse, the signe 'Three Mariners,' by the river's side by the bridge on the north side of the street in St. Nicholas parish on the right hand as you goe out of the towne northwards.

[76]Archbishop Abbot was born in an old Flemish building made of timber and brick, now a pub called 'Three Mariners,' located by the river next to the bridge on the north side of the street in St. Nicholas parish, on the right side as you head out of town to the north.

[77]Old Nightingale was his servant, and weepes when he talkes of him. Every one that knew, loved him. He was sometimes cholerique.

[77]The old Nightingale was his servant, and she cries when she talks about him. Everyone who knew him loved him. He could be a bit short-tempered at times.

He was borne the first howse over the bridge on the right hand in St. Nicholas parish . He was the sonne of a sherman [78]. His mother, with child of him, longed for a jack, and dream't that if shee could eate a jack, her son should be a great man. The next morning, goeing to the river, which runs by the howse (which is by the bridge), with her payle, to take up some water, a good jack came into her payle. Which shee eat up, all, her selfe. This is generally recieved for a trueth.

He was born in the first house over the bridge on the right side in St. Nicholas parish . He was the son of a fisherman [78]. His mother, pregnant with him, craved a pike and dreamed that if she could eat a pike, her son would become a great man. The next morning, going to the river that runs by the house (which is near the bridge), with her bucket to get some water, she caught a nice pike in her bucket. She ate it all by herself. This is generally accepted as true.

His godfather and godmothers sent him to the University, his father not being able.

His godfather and godmothers sent him to university since his father couldn't afford it.

[Pg 25]

Sir Robert Aiton (1570-1638).

[A] Sir Robert Aiton [79], knight;—he lies buried in the south aisle of the choire of Westminster abbey, where there is erected to his memory an elegant marble and copper monument and inscription—viz.

[A] Sir Robert Aiton [79], a knight;—he is buried in the south aisle of the choir of Westminster Abbey, where an elegant marble and copper monument and inscription have been erected in his memory—namely:

This long inscription is in copper:—

This long inscription is made of copper:

M. S.

Clarissimi, omnigenaque virtute et eruditione (presertim poesi) ornatissimi equitis, Domini Roberti Aitoni, ex antiqua et illustri gente Aitona ad Castrum Kinnadinum apud Scotos oriundi: qui a serenissimo rege Jacobo in cubicula interiora admissus; in Germaniam ad imperatorem imperiique principes, cum libello regio regiae authoritatis vindice, legatus; ac primum Annae, demum Mariae, serenissimis Britanniarum reginis, ab epistolis, consiliis, et libellis supplicibus; necnon Xenodochio S'^ae Catharinae praefectus; anima Creatori reddita, hic, depositis mortalibus exuviis, secundum redemptoris adventum expectat.

Highly esteemed, distinguished by all kinds of virtue and education (especially in poetry), Sir Robert Aiton, from the ancient and illustrious Aiton family, originally from Kinnadin Castle in Scotland: who was granted access to the inner chambers by the most serene King James; sent as an envoy to Germany to the emperor and the princes of the empire, with a royal book defending the royal authority; and served first under Anne, then under Mary, the most serene queens of Britain, as a secretary for letters, council, and supplication documents; as well as the head of St. Catherine’s hospital; having returned his soul to the Creator, he now awaits the coming of the Redeemer, having laid aside his mortal remains.

Carolum leaving, returns to Parentem; And farewell Mariae, revisit Annam; and Aulaei the glory of high Olympus
Change with honor.

Obiit coelebs in Regiâ Albaulâ, non sine maximo bonorum omnium luctu et moerore:

Obiit a bachelor at Regiâ Albaulâ, not without the greatest sorrow and grief of all good people:

Aetat. suae LXVIII, Salut. humanae MDCXXXVIII.

68-Year-Old, Human Salvation 1638.

Hoc devoti gratique animi testimonium optimo patruo, Jo. Aitonus, M.L.P.

In white marble at the bottome of the monument:—

In white marble at the bottom of the monument:

Here lies the glory of the Muses, of the homeland, the palace, and the home. And a model outside, but not imitable, of integrity.

His bust is of copper, curiously cast, with a laurell held over it by two figures of white marble.

His bust is made of copper, intricately cast, with a laurel held over it by two figures of white marble.

That Sir Robert was one of the best poets of his time—Mr. John Dreyden sayes he has seen verses of his, some of the best of that age, printed with some other verses—quaere.

That Sir Robert was one of the best poets of his time—Mr. John Dryden says he has seen some of his verses, some of the best of that age, printed alongside other verses—query.

He was acquainted with all the witts of his time in England. He was a great acquaintance of Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, whom Mr. Hobbes told me he made use of (together with Ben Johnson) for an Aris[Pg 26]tarchus, when he made his Epistle Dedicatory to his translation of Thucydides. I have been told (I think by Sir John himself) that he was eldest brother to Sir John Ayton, Master of the Black Rod, who was also an excellent scholar.

He knew all the intellectuals of his time in England. He was good friends with Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, who once mentioned to me that he relied on him (along with Ben Johnson) as a model when he wrote the dedication for his translation of Thucydides. I've heard (I believe from Sir John himself) that he was the eldest brother of Sir John Ayton, Master of the Black Rod, who was also a remarkable scholar.

Note.

[A] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'..., on a cross engrailed between 4 crescents a rose,' with the motto

[A] Aubrey tricks the coat:—'..., on a cross with notched edges between 4 crescents a rose,' with the motto

'Et decerpta dabunt odorem.'

'And the plucked ones will give a fragrance.'

He encircles the coat of arms with a laurel wreath, as is his custom when it is a poet whose life he is writing.

He surrounds the coat of arms with a laurel wreath, as he usually does when he’s writing about a poet’s life.

Aldsworth.

[80]... Aldsworth, mathematical boyes.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__... Aldsworth, math whiz kids.

[81]Memorandum:—the patent for the mathematicall blew-coate boyes at Christ Church in London was dated '19th August in the 25th yeare of the reigne of king Charles the second' <1673>.

[81]Memorandum:—the patent for the mathematical blue-coated boys at Christ Church in London was dated '19th August in the 25th year of the reign of King Charles the Second' <1673>.

Thomas Allen (1542-1632).

[82]Thomas Allen, Trin. Coll. Oxon.—Elias Ashmole, esqr., the MSS. of Thomas Allen's commentary on the second and third bookes of Ptolomey's Quadripartite [83].

[82]Thomas Allen, Trinity College, Oxford. — Elias Ashmole, Esq., has the manuscripts of Thomas Allen's commentary on the second and third books of Ptolemy's Quadripartite [83].

[84]Thomas Allen—vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.

[84]Thomas Allen—see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.

Mr. Thomas Allen [B] was borne in Staffordshire.

Mr. Thomas Allen [B] was born in Staffordshire.

Mr. Theodore Haak, a German, Regiae Societatis Socius, was of Glocester Hall, 1626, and knew this learned worthy old gentleman, whom he takes to have been about ninety-six yeares old when he dyed, which was about 1630 (vide).

Mr. Theodore Haak, a German and a member of the Royal Society, was from Gloucester Hall, 1626, and knew this learned, esteemed gentleman, whom he believes was about ninety-six years old when he died, which was around 1630 (see).

The learned Reynolds, who was turned Catholique [IV.] by his brother the learned Dr. Reynolds, President of Corpus Xti Colledge, was of Glocester Hall then too. They were both neer of an age, and they dyed both within 12 monethes one of th'other [C]. He was at both [Pg 27]their funeralls. Mr. Allen came into the hall to commons, but Mr. Reynolds had his brought to his chamber.

The knowledgeable Reynolds, who was converted to Catholicism [IV.] by his brother, the esteemed Dr. Reynolds, who was the President of Corpus Christi College, was also associated with Glocester Hall at that time. They were close in age, and both died within a year of each other [C]. He attended both of their funerals. Mr. Allen participated in the communal meals at the hall, but Mr. Reynolds had his meals brought to his room.

[IV.] Memorandum the Latin verses made on their mutual conversions—which insert.

[IV.] Memorandum the Latin verses created about their mutual conversions—which insert.

Bella inter ... plusquam civilia fratres.

He sayes that Mr. Allen was a very cheerfull, facetious man, and that every body loved his company, and every howse on their Gaudie-dayes were wont to invite him.

He says that Mr. Allen was a very cheerful, funny man, and that everyone loved being around him, and every household on their Gaudie-days would usually invite him.

His picture was drawne at the request of Dr. Ralph Kettle, and hangs in the dining roome of the President of Trin. Coll. Oxon. (of which house he first was, and had his education there) by which it appeares that he was a handsome sanguine man, and of an excellent habit of bodie.

His picture was drawn at the request of Dr. Ralph Kettle and hangs in the dining room of the President of Trinity College, Oxford (where he was originally from and was educated), showing that he was a handsome, lively man with a great physique.

There is mention of him in Leicester's Commonwealth[85] that the great Dudley, earle of Leicester, made use of him for casting nativities, for he was the best astrologer of his time. He hath written a large and learned commentary, in folio, on the Quadripartite of Ptolemie, which Elias Ashmole hath in MS. fairly written, and I hope will one day be printed.

There’s a reference to him in Leicester's Commonwealth[85] that the notable Dudley, Earl of Leicester, sought his expertise for casting horoscopes, as he was the best astrologer of his era. He has produced an extensive and scholarly commentary, in folio, on Ptolemy's Quadripartite, which Elias Ashmole has neatly transcribed in manuscript, and I hope it will eventually be published.

In those darke times astrologer, mathematician, and conjurer, were accounted the same things; and the vulgar did verily beleeve him to be a conjurer. He had a great many mathematicall instruments and glasses in his chamber, which did also confirme the ignorant in their opinion, and his servitor (to impose on freshmen and simple people) would tell them that sometimes he should meet the spirits comeing up his staires like bees. One [V.] of our parish [VI.] was of Glocester Hall about 70 yeares and more since, and told me this from his servitor. Now there is to some men a great lechery in lying, and imposing on the understandings of beleeving people, and he thought it for his credit to serve such a master.

In those dark times, astrologers, mathematicians, and magicians were considered the same. The common people really believed he was a magician. He had many mathematical instruments and glassware in his room, which further confirmed the ignorant people's beliefs. His servant (to deceive newcomers and simple folks) would tell them that sometimes he would see spirits coming up the stairs like bees. One [V.] from our parish [VI.] was at Glocester Hall about 70 years ago or more and told me this from his servant. Now, for some people, there is a great pleasure in lying and tricking the beliefs of gullible individuals, and he thought it would enhance his reputation to serve such a master.

[V.] J. Power [D].

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ J. Power__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[VI.] Kington .

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Kington .

He was generally acquainted, and every long vacation, he rode into the countrey to visitt his old acquaintance and patrones, to whom his great learning, mixt with much sweetnes of humour, rendred him very welcome. One time being at Hom Lacy [86] in Herefordshire, at Mr. John [Pg 28]Scudamore's (grandfather to the lord Scudamor), he happened to leave [87] his watch in the chamber windowe—(watches were then rarities)—The maydes came in to make the bed, and hearing a thing in a case cry Tick, Tick, Tick, presently concluded that that was his Devill, and tooke it by the string with the tongues [88], and threw it out of the windowe into the mote (to [89] drowne the Devill.) It so happened that the string hung on a sprig of an elder that grew out of the mote, and this confirmed them that 'twas the Devill. So the good old gentleman gott his watch again.

He was generally well-known, and every long break, he rode out to the countryside to visit his old friends and mentors, who welcomed him warmly because of his great knowledge mixed with a charming sense of humor. One time, while he was at Hom Lacy [86] in Herefordshire, at Mr. John [Pg 28]Scudamore's (grandfather to the lord Scudamor), he accidentally left [87] his watch on the windowsill—(watches were rare back then)—The maids came in to make the bed, and hearing a sound in a case go Tick, Tick, Tick, they immediately assumed it was the Devil, grabbed it by the string with the tongs [88], and tossed it out of the window into the moat (to [89] drown the Devil). It just so happened that the string got caught on a branch of an elder tree that grew out of the moat, which convinced them even more that it was the Devil. So, the good old gentleman got his watch back.

Sir Kenelm Digby loved him much (vide Sir K. Digby's Life 69 [90]), and bought his excellent library of him, which he gave to the University. I have a Stifelius' Arithmetique that was his, which I find he had much perused, and no doubt mastered. He was interred in Trinity College Chapell, (quaere where: as I take it, the outer Chapell.) George Bathurst [E] B.D. made his funerall oration in Latin, which was printed. 'Tis pitty there had not been his name on a [91] stone over him.

Sir Kenelm Digby cared for him deeply (see Sir K. Digby's Life 69 [90]), and purchased his excellent library, which he donated to the University. I have a Stifelius' Arithmetique that belonged to him, which I can see he had studied a lot, and he surely mastered it. He was buried in the Trinity College Chapel (I wonder where: I think it's the outer Chapel). George Bathurst [E] B.D. delivered his funeral speech in Latin, which was published. It's a shame that his name wasn't on a [91] stone marking his grave.

[92]Thomas Allen ... left the house [93] because he would not take orders.

[92]Thomas Allen ... left the house [93] because he refused to take orders.

Queen Elizabeth sent for him to have his advice about the new star that appeared in the Swan or Cassiopeia (but I think the Swan), to which he gave his judgment very learnedly.

Queen Elizabeth called him to get his advice about the new star that appeared in the Swan or Cassiopeia (though I think it's the Swan), and he provided his opinion in a very knowledgeable way.

He was great-uncle to Mr. Dudley, the minister of Broadhinton in Wilts <1665>.

He was the great-uncle of Mr. Dudley, the minister of Broadhinton in Wiltshire <1665>.

Notes.

[B] Thomas Allen, of Staffordshire, aged 17, was elected Scholar of Trinity, June 4, 1561, and Fellow, June 19, 1564. His retirement to Gloucester Hall was no doubt to avoid the Oath of Supremacy imposed by Elizabeth on members on the foundation of the Colleges. Edmund Reynolds, in the same way, retired to Gloucester Hall, vacating his fellowship in Corpus Christi College.

[B] Thomas Allen, from Staffordshire, 17 years old, was elected as a Scholar of Trinity on June 4, 1561, and became a Fellow on June 19, 1564. His move to Gloucester Hall was likely to escape the Oath of Supremacy that Elizabeth required from members of the Colleges. Similarly, Edmund Reynolds also moved to Gloucester Hall, giving up his fellowship at Corpus Christi College.

[C] Edmund Reynolds died Nov. 21, 1630; Thomas Allen died Sept. 30, 1632.

[C] Edmund Reynolds passed away on November 21, 1630; Thomas Allen passed away on September 30, 1632.

[D] This will serve to show how imperfectly the names in the Matriculation-register represent those who actually studied in Oxford. The Matric. register gives 'Zachary Power, e com. Wilts.,' as matriculating at Gloucester Hall, Nov. 3, 1609: but omits his elder brother John Power (mentioned in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 48, as being 40 in 1624, when Zachary was 32).

[D] This will demonstrate how inaccurately the names in the Matriculation register reflect those who actually studied at Oxford. The Matric. register lists 'Zachary Power, from Wiltshire,' as enrolling at Gloucester Hall on November 3, 1609, but it fails to mention his older brother John Power (noted in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 48, as being 40 in 1624, when Zachary was 32).

[E] George Bathurst, of Gasington, Oxon, aged 16, was elected Scholar of Trinity June 6, 1626, and Fellow June 8, 1631; B. D. 1640. His Oratio funebris on Allen was publ. London 1632.

[E] George Bathurst, from Garsington, Oxford, aged 16, was elected as a Scholar of Trinity on June 6, 1626, and became a Fellow on June 8, 1631; B.D. 1640. His funeral oration on Allen was published in London in 1632.

[Pg 29]

Charles Alleyn (obiit 1640?).

[94]Charles Alleyn, who wrote the Battailes of Agencourt, Poitiers, and Crescy, was usher to Mr. Thomas Farnaby.

[94]Charles Alleyn, who wrote the Battles of Agincourt, Poitiers, and Crecy, was a servant to Mr. Thomas Farnaby.

Lancelot Andrewes (1555-1626).

[95]Lancelot Andrewes [F], lord bishop of Winton, was borne in London; went to schoole at Merchant Taylors schoole. Mr. Mulcaster [G] was his schoolemaster, whose picture he hung in his studie (as Mr. Thomas Fuller, Holy State).

[95]Lancelot Andrewes [F], the bishop of Winchester, was born in London and attended Merchant Taylors' School. Mr. Mulcaster [G] was his schoolmaster, whose portrait he displayed in his study (as Mr. Thomas Fuller mentions in Holy State).

Old Mr. Sutton, a very learned man of those dayes, of Blandford St. Maries, Dorset, was his school fellowe, and sayd that Lancelot Andrewes was a great long boy of 18 yeares old at least before he went to the university.

Old Mr. Sutton, a very knowledgeable man of those days, from Blandford St. Mary, Dorset, was his schoolmate, and said that Lancelot Andrewes was a very tall boy of at least 18 years old before he went to the university.

He was a fellowe [96] of Pembroke-hall, in Cambridge (called Collegium Episcoporum, for that, at one time, in those dayes, there were of that house ... bishops).

He was a member [96] of Pembroke Hall at Cambridge (known as Collegium Episcoporum because, at one time, there were bishops from that house ...).

The Puritan faction did begin to increase in those dayes, and especially at Emanuel College. That party had a great mind to drawe in this learned young man, whom if they could make theirs, they knew would be a great honour to them. They carried themselves outwardly with great sanctity and strictnesse, so that 'twas very hard matter to——as to their lives. They preached up very strict keeping and observing the Lord's day; made, upon the matter, damnation to breake it, and that 'twas lesse sin to kill a man then.... Yet these hypocrites did bowle in a private green at their colledge every Sunday after [Pg 30]sermon; and one of the colledge (a loving friend to Mr. L. Andrewes) to satisfie him one time lent him the key of a private back dore to the bowling green, on a Sunday evening, which he opening, discovered these zealous preachers, with their gownes off, earnest at play. But they were strangely surprized to see the entrey of one that was not of the brotherhood.

The Puritan group started to grow during those days, especially at Emanuel College. They really wanted to recruit this smart young man, knowing that if they did, it would bring them great honor. They acted very piously and strictly in public, making it hard to see the reality of their lives. They preached a strict observance of the Lord’s Day, claiming that breaking it meant damnation, and that it was a lesser sin to kill a man than to do so. Yet these hypocrites would bowl in a private green at their college every Sunday after the sermon; one of the college members, a good friend of Mr. L. Andrewes, once lent him the key to a private back door to the bowling green on a Sunday evening. When he opened it, he discovered these zealous preachers, with their gowns off, fully engaged in play. They were quite surprised to see someone who wasn’t part of the “brotherhood” entering.

There was then at Cambridge a good fatt alderman that was wont to sleep at church, which the alderman endeavoured to prevent but could not. Well! this was preached against as a signe of reprobation. The good man was exceedingly troubled at it, and went to Andrewes his chamber to be satisfied in point of conscience. Mr. Andrewes told him that was an ill habit of body not of mind, and that it was against his will; advised him on Sundays to make a more sparing meale and to mend it at supper. The alderman did so, but sleepe comes upon again for all that, and was preached at. comes againe to be resolved, with tears in his eies; Andrewes then told him he would have him make a good heartie meale as he was wont to doe, and presently take out his full sleep. He did so [97]; came to St. Marie's [98], where the preacher was prepared with a sermon to damne all who slept at sermon, a certaine signe of reprobation. The good alderman having taken his full nap before, lookes on the preacher all sermon time, and spoyled the designe.—But I should have sayd that Andrewes was most extremely spoken against and preached against for offering to assoile or excuse a sleeper in sermon time. But he had learning and witt enough to [99] defend himselfe.

There was a well-fed alderman at Cambridge who often fell asleep in church, despite his efforts to stay awake. This was preached against as a sign of reprobation. The poor man was very distressed about it and went to Andrewes' room to seek advice for his conscience. Mr. Andrewes told him that it was an unhealthy habit of the body, not the mind, and that it was against his will. He advised him to have a lighter meal on Sundays and to eat more at supper. The alderman followed this advice, but he still fell asleep again and was preached at. He returned to seek clarity, tears in his eyes; Andrewes then suggested that he enjoy a hearty meal as he was used to and then have a good, long sleep. He did so [97]; he went to St. Marie's [98], where the preacher was ready with a sermon condemning anyone who slept during the sermon as a certain sign of reprobation. The good alderman, having taken a full nap beforehand, watched the preacher throughout the sermon and spoiled his plan. But I should mention that Andrewes was heavily criticized and preached against for trying to absolve or excuse someone who slept during the sermon. However, he had enough learning and wit to [99] defend himself.

His great learning quickly made him known in the university, and also to King James, who much valued him for it, and advanced him, and at last [100] made him bishop of Winchester, which bishoprick he ordered with great prudence as to government of the parsons, pre[Pg 31]ferring of ingeniose persons that were staked to poore livings and did delitescere. He made it his enquiry to find out such men. Amongst severall others (whose names have escaped my memorie) Nicholas Fuller (he wrote Critica Sacra), minister of Allington neer Amesbury in Wilts, was one. The bishop sent for him, and the poor man was afrayd and knew not what hurt he had donne. makes him sitt downe to dinner; and, after the desert, was brought in in a dish his institution and induction, or the donation, of a prebend: which was his way. He chose out alwayes able men to his chaplaines, whom he advanced. Among others, Wren, of St. John's in Oxon, was his chaplaine, a good generall scholar and good orator, afterwards deane of Winsore, from whom (by his son in lawe, Dr. William Holder) I have taken this exact account of that excellent prelate.

His extensive knowledge quickly made him well-known at the university, and also to King James, who greatly appreciated him for it and promoted him. Eventually, he made him bishop of Winchester, a position he managed with great wisdom in governing the clergy, favoring talented individuals who were tied to low-paying posts and were thriving. He made it his mission to find such people. Among several others (whose names I can’t recall), Nicholas Fuller (who wrote *Critica Sacra*), minister of Allington near Amesbury in Wiltshire, was one of them. The bishop summoned him, and the poor man was scared and didn’t know what wrong he had done. He had him sit down for dinner; then, after dessert, his institution and induction, or the grant of a prebend, were brought out on a dish: this was his style. He always chose capable men as his chaplains, whom he promoted. Among others, Christopher Wren, from St. John's in Oxford, was his chaplain, a solid scholar and good speaker, later becoming dean of Windsor, from whom (through his son-in-law, Dr. William Holder) I have received this detailed account of that excellent bishop.

His Life is before his Sermons, and also his epitaph, which see. He dyed at Winchester house, in Southwark, and lies buried in a chapell at St. Mary Overies, where his executors ... Salmon M. D. and Mr. John Saintlowe, merchant of London, have erected (but I beleeve according to his lordship's will, els they would not have layed out 1000 li.) a sumptuose monument for him.

His life comes before his sermons and also his epitaph, which you can check out. He died at Winchester House in Southwark and is buried in a chapel at St. Mary Overy's, where his executors, Dr. Salmon and Mr. John Saintlowe, a merchant from London, have built (I believe according to his lordship's will; otherwise, they wouldn't have spent 1,000 li.) a lavish monument for him.

He had not that smooth way of oratory as now. It was a shrewd and severe animadversion of a Scotish lord, who, when king James asked him how he liked bp. A.'s sermon, sayd that he was learned, but he did play with his text, as a Jack-an-apes does, who takes up a thing and tosses and playes with it, and then he takes up another, and playes a little with it. Here's a pretty thing, and there's a pretty thing!

He didn’t have the smooth speaking style he has now. It was a sharp and critical comment from a Scottish lord who, when King James asked him what he thought of Bishop A.’s sermon, said that the bishop was knowledgeable, but he handled his text like a monkey, picking it up and tossing it around, then moving on to another and playing with that one for a bit. Here’s something nice, and there’s something nice!

[101]Bishop Andrews: vide the inscription before his Sermons.

[101]Bishop Andrews: see the inscription before his Sermons.

Notes.

[F] Aubrey gives the coat:—'See of Winchester; impaling ..., 3 mullets on a bend engrailed and cottised ...,' ensigned with a mitre or, and encircled by the Garter motto.

[F] Aubrey presents the coat:—'See of Winchester; incorporating ..., 3 stars on a wavy band with decorative edges ...,' topped with a golden mitre, and surrounded by the Garter motto.

[G] Richard Mulcaster, Head Master of Merchant Taylors' School, 1561-1586.

[G] Richard Mulcaster, Headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School, 1561-1586.

[Pg 32]

Francis Anthony (1550-1623).

[102]Dr. [Francis [103]] Anthony, the chymist, Londinensis, natus 16 Aprilis, 1550, 1^h. P.M., Virgo 0° 3´ ascend.

[102]Dr. [Francis [103]] Anthony, the chemist, from London, born April 16, 1550, at 1:00 PM, Virgo 0° 3´ rising.

Quaere A W if of Oxon or Cambridge [104].

Quaere A W if of Oxford or Cambridge [104].

Scripsit 2 libros, viz.:—Aurum potabile, and his Defense against Dr. Gwyn (who wrote a booke called Aurum non Aurum). This is all that Mr. Littlebury, bookeseller, remembers.

Scripsit 2 libros, viz.:—Aurum potabile, and his Defense against Dr. Gwyn (who wrote a book called Aurum non Aurum). This is all that Mr. Littlebury, bookseller, remembers.

He lived in St. Bartholomew's close, London, where he dyed, and is, I suppose, buried there, about 30 yeares since [H], scil. 1652.

He lived in St. Bartholomew's Close, London, where he died, and I guess he’s buried there, about 30 years ago [H], specifically 1652.

Vide his nativity in Catalogue [I].

Vide his birth in Catalogue__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

He had a sonne who wrote something, I thinke (quaere Mr. Littlebury); and a daughter maried to ... Montague, a bookeseller in Duck-lane, who in Oliver's time was a soldier in Scotland.

He had a son who wrote something, I think (ask Mr. Littlebury); and a daughter married to ... Montague, a bookseller in Duck-lane, who during Oliver's time was a soldier in Scotland.

Notes.

[H] Wood notes here 'so that by this reckoning,' i.e. if born in 1550 ut supra, 'he was 102.'

[H] Wood mentions here 'so that by this calculation,' meaning if born in 1550 as above, 'he was 102.'

[I] i.e., I suppose, in MS. Aubrey 23 (Aubrey's Collectio Geniturarum), where at fol. 121, among nativities from Dr. Richard Napier's papers, is:—'Dr. Anthony, Londinensis, who made aurum potabile at London, natus 16 April, 1550, 1^h P.M.'

[I] that is, I think, in MS. Aubrey 23 (Aubrey's Collectio Geniturarum), where on fol. 121, among birth records from Dr. Richard Napier's papers, it states:—'Dr. Anthony, from London, who created aurum potabile in London, born April 16, 1550, at 1^h PM'

Thomas Archer (1554-1630?).

[105]Mr. Archer, rector of Houghton Conquest, was a good scholar in King James's (the 1st) dayes, and one his majestie's chaplains.

[105]Mr. Archer, the rector of Houghton Conquest, was a well-educated scholar during the time of King James I and one of his chaplains.

He had two thick 4to MSS. of his own collection; one, joci and tales etc., and discourses at dinners; the other, of the weather. I have desired parson Poynter [106], his successor, to enquire after them, but I find him slow in it. No doubt there are delicate things to be found there.

He had two thick quarto manuscripts from his collection; one was about jokes and stories, and discussions at dinners; the other was about the weather. I've asked Parson Poynter [106], his successor, to look for them, but he seems to be taking his time. I'm sure there are some interesting things in there.

[Pg 33]

John Ashindon (obiit 13—?).

[107]Johannes Escuidus [108], Merton College:—Elias Ashmole, esq., hath the corrected booke by the originall MSS. of Merton College library, now lost, which is mentioned in Mr. William Lilly's almanack 1674, a folio.

[107]Johannes Escuidus [108], Merton College:—Elias Ashmole, Esq. has the revised book based on the original manuscripts from the Merton College library, which are now lost, mentioned in Mr. William Lilly's 1674 almanac, a folio.

Amongst many other rarities he haz a thin folio MS. of Alkindus in Latin.

Among many other rarities, he has a thin folio manuscript of Alkindus in Latin.

[109]Johannes Escuidus:—Summa astrologiae judicialis, in folio, Venetiis, 1489.—It is miserably printed, he sayes there; and that he was a student of Merton College Oxford.—Mr. Elias Ashmole has the booke.

[109]Johannes Escuidus:—Summa astrologiae judicialis, in folio, Venice, 1489.—It’s poorly printed, he says there; and that he was a student of Merton College Oxford.—Mr. Elias Ashmole has the book.

Elias Ashmole (1617-1692).

[110]Memorandum—the lives of John Dee, Dr. Nepier, Sir William Dugdale, William Lilly, Elias Ashmole [111], esq.,—Mr. Ashmole haz and will doe those himselfe: as [112] he told me formerly but nowe he seemes to faile.

[110]Memorandum—the lives of John Dee, Dr. Nepier, Sir William Dugdale, William Lilly, Elias Ashmole [111], esq.—Mr. Ashmole has done and will do those himself: as [112] he told me before, but now he seems to be failing.

Deborah Aubrey (1609/10-1685/6).

[113]Mris. Deborah Aubrey, my honoured mother, was borne at Yatton-Kaynes, vulgo West-Yatton, in the parish of Yatton-Keynel in com. Wilts., January 29^th 1609 [114], mane.

[113]My respected mother, Mrs. Deborah Aubrey, was born in Yatton-Kaynes, commonly known as West-Yatton, in the parish of Yatton-Keynel in Wiltshire, on January 29^th 1609 [114], in the morning.

In a letter from my mother, dated Febru. 3^d, 1679/80, she tells me she was seaventie yeares old the last Thursday [29 Januarii]—quod N. B.

In a letter from my mother, dated Feb. 3rd, 1679/80, she tells me she was seventy years old the last Thursday [29 January]—which is important to note.

Her accidents.

My mother was maried at 15 yeares old.

My mother got married at 15 years old.

She fell sick of a burning feaver at Langford, Somerset.

She got sick with a burning fever in Langford, Somerset.

[Pg 34]

She was taken on the 6^th June 1675; feaver there againe in July 1675.

She was taken on June 6th, 1675; had a fever again in July 1675.

She was borne Jan. 29^th, morning, scil. the day before the anniversary-day of the king's decollation. She was 15 yeares old and as much as from January to June when she was maried.

She was born on the morning of January 29^th, which was the day before the anniversary of the king's execution. She was 15 years old and just as much from January to June when she got married.

She fell from her horse and brake her ... arme the last day of Aprill (1649 or 50) when I was a suitor to Mris Jane Codrington.

She fell from her horse and broke her ... arm on the last day of April (1649 or 50) while I was trying to court Mrs. Jane Codrington.

Lettre, Aug. 8, 1681:—she was lately ill three weekes and now her eies are a little sore.

Lettre, Aug. 8, 1681:—she was recently sick for three weeks and now her eyes are a bit sore.

Memorandum: 6 Januarie 1682/3, my mother writes to me that she is 73 yeares of age.

Memorandum: January 6, 1682/3, my mother writes to me that she is 73 years old.

Note.

She died at Chalk in Jan. 1685/6, and was buried at Kingston S. Michael; so in a letter by Aubrey to Anthony Wood, May 11, 1686, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 139.

She died at Chalk in January 1685/6 and was buried at Kingston S. Michael; this is mentioned in a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated May 11, 1686, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 139.

John Aubrey (1626-1697).

Memoir of J. Aubrey, London, 1845, pp. 12-17. Aubrey (fol. 3) directs that the paper is 'to be interposed as a sheet of wast paper only in the binding of a booke'; and appends to this direction the motto:—

Memoir of J. Aubrey, London, 1845, pp. 12-17. Aubrey (fol. 3) states that the paper is 'to be used as just a blank sheet in the binding of a book'; and adds to this instruction the motto:—

'I don't insist on the choir__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ ...
So the devoted penitents of the past used to, Some without gift, and some below the source.

Mr. Thomas Carew.'

Mr. Thomas Carew.

Aubrey gives (fol. 3) an (incomplete) drawing of his own horoscope, on the scheme:—

Aubrey provides (fol. 3) an (incomplete) drawing of his own horoscope, based on the layout:—

' natus 1625/6, March 11th, 17^h 14´ 44˝ P.M. ...[116] (tempus verum), sub latitudine 51° 30´.'

' born 1625/6, March 11th, 5:14:44 PM ...[116] (true time), at a latitude of 51° 30´.'

In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 110, is Charles Snell's calculation of Aubrey's nativity, on the scheme

In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 110, is Charles Snell's calculation of Aubrey's birth chart, on the scheme

'Sunday, 12 Martii 1626, 5^h 13´ 40˝ A.M., natus Johannes Aubreius, armiger, sub polo 51° 06´. The astrologers of the time used sometimes the English, and sometimes the Italian, enumeration of the hours.>

'Sunday, March 12, 1626, 5:13:40 A.M., born Johannes Aubreius, gentleman, at 51° 06' latitude. The astrologers of the time sometimes used the English system and sometimes the Italian system for counting hours.'

[Pg 35]

[117]I. A [118].

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__I. A__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

His life [119] is more remarqueable in an astrologicall respect [J] then for any advancement of learning [K], having [120] from his birth (till of late yeares) been labouring under a crowd of ill directions: for his escapes of many dangers [L], in journeys both by land and water, 40 yeares.

His life [119] is more remarkable in an astrological sense [J] than for any advancement in learning [K], having [120] from his birth (until recent years) been dealing with a series of bad situations: for his escapes from numerous dangers [L] during travels both by land and sea, for 40 years.

He was borne (longaevous, healthy kindred [M]) at Easton Pierse [N], a hamlet in the parish of Kington Saint Michael in the hundred of Malmesbury in the countie of Wilts, his mother's [O] (daughter and heir of Mr. Isaac Lyte) inheritance, March the 12 (St. Gregorie's day [P]), A.D. 1625 [121], about sun-riseing, being very weake and like to dye that he was christned before morning prayer.

He was born (long-lived, healthy family [M]) in Easton Pierse [N], a small village in the parish of Kington Saint Michael in the hundred of Malmesbury in the county of Wilts, his mother's [O] (daughter and heir of Mr. Isaac Lyte) inheritance, on March 12 (St. Gregory's Day [P]), CE 1625 [121], around sunrise, being very weak and likely to die, so he was baptized before morning prayer.

I gott not strength till I was 11 or 12 yeares old; but had sicknesse [122] of vomiting [Q], for 12 houres every fortnight for ... yeares, then about monethly, then quarterly, and at last once in halfe a yeare. About 12 it ceased.

I didn't have strength until I was 11 or 12 years old; I suffered from vomiting for 12 hours every two weeks for several years, then about once a month, then quarterly, and finally once every six months. It stopped around age 12.

When a boy, bred at Eston, an [123] eremiticall solitude. Was [124] very curious; his greatest delight to be continually with the artificers that came there (e.g. joyners, carpenters, coupers, masons), and understood their trades.

When he was a boy, raised at Eston, he experienced a kind of hermit-like solitude. He was very curious; his greatest joy was to spend time with the craftsmen who came there (like joiners, carpenters, coopers, masons) and learn about their trades.

1634 [125], was entred in his Latin grammar by Mr. R Latimer [R], rector of Leigh de-la-mere, a mile's fine walke, who had an easie way of teaching: and every time we askt leave to goe forth, we had a Latin word from him which at our returne we were [126] to tell him again—which in a little while amounted to a good number of words. 'Twas my unhappinesse in half a yeare to loose this good enformer by his death, and afterwards was under severall dull ignorant rest [127]-in127[127]-house teachers [S] till 1638 (12 [128]), at [Pg 36]which time I was sent to Blandford schole in Dorset (William Sutton [129], B.D., who was ill-natured).

1634 [125], was recorded in his Latin grammar by Mr. R Latimer [R], the rector of Leigh de-la-mere, a pleasant mile's walk away, who had an easy way of teaching: and every time we asked for permission to go out, he would give us a Latin word to remember, which we had to repeat to him upon our return—this quickly added up to a good number of words. It was my misfortune to lose this great teacher due to his death after just six months, and afterwards I had to deal with several uninspiring and ignorant substitute teachers [127]-in127[127]-house teachers [S] until 1638 (12 [128]), at [Pg 36] which point I was sent to Blandford school in Dorset (William Sutton [129], B.D., who had a bad temper).

Here I recovered my health, and gott my Latin and Greeke, best of any of my contemporaries. The [130] usher [131] had (by chance) a Cowper's Dictionary, which I had never seen before. I was then in Terence. Percieving his method, I read all in the booke where Terence was, and then Cicero—which was the way [132] by which I gott my Latin. 'Twas a wonderfull helpe to my phansie, my reading of Ovid's Metamorphy in English by Sandys, which made me understand the Latin the better. Also, I mett accidentally a booke of my mother's, Lord Bacon's Essaies, which first opened my understanding as to moralls (for Tullie's Offices was too crabbed for my young yeares) and the excellence [133] of the style, or hints and transitions.

Here, I regained my health and excelled in Latin and Greek more than any of my peers. The usher happened to have a Cowper's Dictionary, which I had never seen before. I was studying Terence at the time. Noticing his method, I read everything in the book related to Terence, and then Cicero—which was how I learned Latin. Reading Ovid's *Metamorphoses* in English by Sandys was a wonderful help to my imagination, as it made me understand the Latin better. I also came across a book of my mother’s, Lord Bacon's *Essays*, which first opened my understanding of morals (since Cicero's *Offices* was too complicated for my young age) and the excellence of the style, as well as the insights and transitions.

I [134] was alwayes enquiring [T] of my grandfather [135] of the old time, the rood-loft, etc., ceremonies, of the priory, etc. At 8, I was a kind of engineer; and I fell then to drawing, beginning first with plaine outlines, e.g. in draughts of curtaines. Then at 9 (crossed herein by father and schoolmaster), to colours, having no body to instruct me [136]; copied pictures in the parlour in a table booke——like [U].

I [134] was always asking [T] my grandfather [135] about the old days, the rood-loft, and the ceremonies of the priory, and so on. At 8, I was sort of an engineer; I started drawing, beginning with simple outlines, for example, sketches of curtains. Then at 9 (this was interrupted by my father and schoolmaster), I moved on to colors, having no one to teach me [136]; I copied pictures from the parlor in a sketchbook—like [U].

Blandfordiae, horis vacuis, I drew and painted Bates's ... (quaere nomen libri [V]).

Blandfordiae, during my free hours, I sketched and painted Bates's ... (see book title [V]).

I was wont (I remember) much to lament with my selfe that I lived not in a city, e.g. Bristoll, where I might have accesse to watchmakers, locksmiths, etc. not very much care for grammar. apprehension enough, but my memorie not tenacious. So that then [137] was a promising morne enough of an inventive and philosophicall head. musicall head, inventive, blanke verse, a strong and early impulse to anti[Pg 37]quitie (strong impulse to ♄[138]). witt was alwaies working, but not adroict for verse. ex[139]> mild of spirit; migh susceptible of fascination.[140] My idea very cleer [141]; phansie like [142] a mirrour, pure chrystal water which the least wind does disorder and unsmooth—so noise or etc. would [143].

I often used to lament to myself that I didn't live in a city, like Bristol, where I could have access to watchmakers, locksmiths, etc. I didn’t really care much for grammar. I had enough understanding, but my memory wasn't very strong. At that time, it was a promising morning for someone with an inventive and philosophical mind. I had a creative flair, was inventive, wrote blank verse, and had a strong early interest in antiquity. My wit was always active, but not particularly skilled when it came to poetry. I was exceedingly mild-mannered, highly susceptible to fascination. My ideas were very clear; my imagination was like a mirror, pure as crystal water that the slightest breeze can disturb and smooth out—so noise or anything else would disrupt it.

[144]My uncle Anthony Browne's bay nag threw me dangerously the Monday after Easter [145], 1639. Just before it I had an impulse of the briar under which I rode, which tickled him, at the gap at the upper end of Berylane. Deo gratias!
[144]My uncle Anthony Browne's brown horse threw me off dangerously the Monday after Easter [145], 1639. Just before that, I felt the thorny bush under which I was riding tickle him at the gap at the upper end of Berylane. Thank goodness!

[146]1642, May 2^d, I went [W] to Oxford.
[146]1642, May 2^d, I traveled [W] to Oxford.

Peace [147].
Peace__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Lookt through Logique and some Ethiques.
Looked through Logic and some Ethics.

1642, Religio Medici printed, which first opened my understanding, which I carryed to Eston, with Sir K. D.[148]
1642, Religio Medici was printed, and it first opened my understanding, which I took to Eston, with Sir K. D.[148]

But now [149] Bellona thundered, and as a cleare skie is sometimes suddenly overstretch with a dismall [150] cloud and thunder, so was this serene peace [151] by the civill warres through the factions of those times; vide Homer's Odyssey.
But now [149] Bellona roared, and just as a clear sky can suddenly be covered by a dark [150] cloud and thunder, so was this calm peace [151] disrupted by the civil wars caused by the factions of that time; see Homer's Odyssey.

In August [152] following my father sent for me home, for feare.
In August [152] my father sent for me to come home, out of fear.

In February ... following, with much adoe [153] I gott my father to lett me to beloved Oxon againe, then a garrison pro rege.
In February ... following, with much ado [153] I got my father to let me go back to beloved Oxon again, then a garrison for the king.

[Pg 38]
[Pg 38]

I gott Mr. Hesketh, Mr. Dobson's man, a priest, to drawe the ruines of Osney 2 or 3 wayes before 'twas pulld downe [X]. Now the very foundation is digged-up.
I got Mr. Hesketh, Mr. Dobson's guy, a priest, to draw the ruins of Osney in 2 or 3 ways before it was torn down [X]. Now the very foundation is dug up.

In Aprill I fell sick of the small pox at Trinity College; and when I recovered, after Trinity weeke [154], my father sent for me into the country again: where I conversed [155] with none but servants and rustiques and soldiers quartred, to my great griefe (Odi prophanum vulgus et arceo), for in those dayes fathers were not acquainted with their children. It was a most sad life to me, then in the prime of my youth, not to have the benefitt of an ingeniose conversation and scarce any good bookes—almost a consumption. This sad life I did lead in the country till 1646, at which time I gott (with much adoe) leave of my father to lett me goe to the Middle Temple, April the 6^th 1646; admitted....
In April, I got sick with smallpox at Trinity College; and when I recovered, after Trinity week [154], my dad called me back to the countryside again. There, I only interacted [155] with servants, country folks, and soldiers stationed nearby, which was really disappointing for me (Odi prophanum vulgus et arceo), because back then, fathers didn't really know their children. It was a really tough life for me, being in my youth and missing out on engaging conversations and hardly any good books—almost like a slow decline. I lived this sad life in the countryside until 1646, when I finally managed (with a lot of effort) to get permission from my father to let me go to the Middle Temple on April 6^th 1646; admitted....

24 June following, Oxon was surrendred, and then came to London many of the king's party, with whom I [156] grew acquainted (many of them I knew before). I loved not debauches [157], but their martiall conversation was not so fitt for the muses.
24 June that year, Oxford was surrendered, and then many members of the king's party came to London, with whom I [156] became acquainted (many of them I already knew). I didn't enjoy partying [157], but their military talk wasn't really suitable for the muses.

Novemb. 6, I returned to Trinity College in Oxon again to my great joy; was much made of by the fellowes; had their learned conversation, lookt on bookes, musique. Here and at Middle Temple (off and on) I (for the most part) enjoyd the greatest felicity of my life (ingeniose youths, as [158] rosebudds, imbibe the morning dew [159]) till Dec. 1648 (Christmas Eve's eve) I was sent for from Oxon home again to my sick father, who never recovered. Where I was engaged to looke after his country businesse and solicite a lawe-suite.
Nov. 6, I returned to Trinity College in Oxford again to my great joy; the fellows treated me warmly; I enjoyed their learned conversations, looked at books, and listened to music. Here and at Middle Temple (on and off) I mostly experienced the greatest happiness of my life (bright youths, as [158] rosebuds, soak up the morning dew [159]) until Dec. 1648 (Christmas Eve's eve) when I was called home from Oxford to my sick father, who never recovered. There, I was engaged to manage his estate and handle a legal case.

Anno 165-, Octob. ..., my father dyed, leaving me debts 1800 li. and bro portions 1000 li.
Anno 165-, October ..., my father died, leaving me debts of 1800 li. and my brothers' portions of 1000 li.

[Pg 39]
[Pg 39]

Quid digni feci, hîc process. viam? Truly nothing; only umbrages, sc. Osney abbey ruines, etc., antiquities. Cos, a wheatstone, exors ipse secandi, e.g. universall character [160] <: that> which was neglected and quite forgott and had sunk had not I engaged [161] in the worke, to carry on the worke—name them [162].
Quid digni feci, hîc process. viam? Honestly, nothing; just shadows, like the ruins of Osney Abbey and other historical artifacts. Cos, a Wheatstone, exors ipse secandi, for example, universal character [160] <: that> which was overlooked and completely forgotten and had vanished if I hadn’t gotten [161] involved in the project to keep it going—name them [162].

He began to enter into pocket memorandum bookes philosophicall and antiquarian remarques, Anno Domini 1654, at Llantrithid.
He started taking notes in pocket notebooks with philosophical and historical observations in the year 1654, at Llantrithid.

Anno 16—I began my lawe-suite on the entaile in Brecon [Y], which lasted till ..., and it cost me 1200 li.
Anno 16—I started my lawsuit over the entail in Brecon [Y], which went on until ..., and it cost me 1200 li.

Anno —— I was to have maried Mris K. Ryves, who died when to be maried, 2000 li. +[163], besides counting care of her brother, 1000 li. per annum.
Anno —— I was supposed to marry Mrs. K. Ryves, who died just before the wedding, 2000 li. +[163], in addition to managing her brother's affairs, which were worth 1000 li. per year.

Anno —— I made my will [Z] and settled my estate on trustees, intending to have seen the antiquities of Rome and Italy for ... , and then to have returned and maried, but—
Anno —— I made my will [Z] and arranged my estate with trustees, planning to have visited the ancient sites of Rome and Italy for ... , and then to have come back and married, but—

Diis aliter visum est superis,
The gods had a different view.

my mother, to my inexpressible griefe and ruine, hindred this [164] designe, which was [165] my ruine.
my mother, to my unbearable grief and ruin, stopped this [164] plan, which was [165] my downfall.

[166]My estate (was of) value 100 li. fere + Brecon.
[166]My estate was worth 100 li. fere + Brecon.

Then debts and lawe-suites, opus et usus, borrowing of money and perpetuall riding. To my prayse, wonderfull credit in the countrey for money. Anno ... sold manor of Bushelton in Herefordshire to Dr. T Willis. Anno ... sold the manor of Stratford in the same county to Herbert lord bishop of Hereford.
Then there were debts and lawsuits, work and use, borrowing money and constant dealings. To my credit, I had an amazing reputation in the area for lending money. In the year ..., I sold the manor of Bushelton in Herefordshire to Dr. Thomas Willis. In the year ..., I sold the manor of Stratford in the same county to Herbert Croft, the Lord Bishop of Hereford.

Then anno 1664, June 11, went into France. Oct. ... returned. Then Joan Sumner.
Then in 1664, on June 11, I went to France. Oct. ... returned. Then Joan Sumner.

[Pg 40]
[Pg 40]

[167]Memorandum. J. Aubrey in the yeare 1666, wayting then upon Joane Sumner to her brother at Seen in Wilts, there made a discovery of a chalybiate waters and those more impregnated than any waters yet heard of in England. I sent some bottles to the Royal Society in June 1667, which were tryed with galles before a great assembly there. It turnes so black that you may write legibly with it, and did there, after so long a carriage, turne as deepe as a deepe claret. The physitians were wonderfully surprized at it, and spake to me to recommend it to the doctors of the Bath (from whence it is but about 10 miles) for that in some cases 'tis best to begin with such waters and end with the Bath, and in some vice versâ. I wrote severall times, but to no purpose, for at last I found that, though they were satisfied of the excellency of the waters and what the London doctors sayd was true, they did not care to have company goe from the Bath. So I inserted it last yeare in Mr. Lilly's almanac, and towards the later end of summer there came so much company that the village could not containe them, and they are now preparing for building of houses against the next summer. Jo Sumner sayth (whose well is the best) that it will be worth to him 200 li. per annum. Dr. Grew in his History of the Repository of the Royal Society mentions this discovery, as also of the iron oare there not taken notice of before——'tis in part iii, cap. 2, pag. 331.
[167]Memorandum. J. Aubrey in the year 1666, while visiting Joane Sumner to see her brother in Seen, Wilts, discovered iron-rich waters that were more concentrated than any others previously reported in England. I sent some bottles to the Royal Society in June 1667, which were tested with gall at a large gathering there. It turned so black that you could write legibly with it, and even after such a long journey, it deepened to the color of a rich claret. The physicians were greatly surprised by it and asked me to recommend it to the doctors at the Bath (which is only about 10 miles away) because in some cases it’s best to start with such waters and finish with Bath, and in some situations, vice versa. I wrote several times, but to no avail, as I ultimately discovered that, although they recognized the superiority of the waters and the London doctors' claims were true, they were reluctant to have guests come from Bath. So I included it in last year's Mr. Lilly's almanac, and toward the end of summer, so many visitors arrived that the village couldn’t accommodate them, and they are now planning to build houses for next summer. Jo Sumner says (whose well is the best) that it will be worth £200 per year to him. Dr. Grew in his History of the Repository of the Royal Society mentions this discovery, along with the iron ore there that had not been noted before—it's in part iii, cap. 2, pag. 331.

[168]Then lawe-suite with her [169]. Then sold Easton-Peirse [AA], and the farme at Broad Chalke. Lost 500 li. (Fr. H.) + 200 li. + goods + timber. Absconded as a banishd man.
[168]Then took legal action against her [169]. Then sold Easton-Peirse [AA], and the farm at Broad Chalke. Lost 500 li. (Fr. H.) + 200 li. + goods + timber. Fled like a wanted man.

Then
Then

In monte Dei videbitur [170].
In the mountain of God, he will be seen __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

I was in as much affliction as a mortall could bee, and never quiet till all was gone, wholly [171] cast myselfe on God's providence.
I was in as much pain as a mortal could be, and I never found peace until everything was gone, and I completely cast myself on God's providence.

[Pg 41]
[Pg 41]

Monastery [172].
Monastery __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

I wished monastrys had not been putt downe, that the reformers would have been more moderate as to that point. Nay, the Turkes have monasteries. Why should our reformers be so severe? Convenience of religious houses—Sir Christopher Wren—fitt there should be receptacles and provision for contemplative men; if of 500, but one or two [173]. 'Tis compensated [174]. What a pleasure 'twould have been to have travelled from monastery to monastery. The reformers in the Lutheran countrys were more prudent then to destroy them (e.g. in Holsatia, etc.); only altered the religion.
I wish monasteries hadn't been shut down and that the reformers had been more moderate about it. Even the Turks have monasteries. Why should our reformers be so harsh? There’s a real need for religious houses—Sir Christopher Wren thought it was important to have spaces for contemplative people; even if only one or two out of five hundred benefit [173]. It makes up for it [174]. How nice it would have been to travel from one monastery to another. The reformers in Lutheran countries were smarter; they didn't destroy them (like in Holstein, etc.); they just changed the religion.

But notwithstanding all these embarasments I did pian piano (as they occur'd) take [175] notes of antiquity; and having a quick draught, have drawne landskips on horseback symbolically, e.g. journey to Ireland in July, Anno Domini 166-.
But despite all these difficulties, I did slowly (as they happened) take [175] notes of the past; and having a good eye, I sketched landscapes on horseback symbolically, e.g. journey to Ireland in July, the year 166-.

earl of Thanet [176] otium at Hethefield.
earl of Thanet [176] otium at Hethefield.

[177] had> never quiett, nor anything of happinesse till [178] divested of all, 1670, 1671 [AB]: at what time providence raysed me (unexpectedly) good friends—the right honourable Nicholas, earl of Thanet, with whom I was delitescent at Hethfield in Kent [AC] neer a yeare, and then was invited ...; anno ..., Sarney; Sir Christopher Wren; Mr. Ogilby; then Edmund Wyld, esq., R S S, of Glasely-hall, Salop (sed in margine), tooke me into his armes, with whom I most commonly take my diet and sweet otium's.
[177] had> never been quiet, nor experienced any happiness until [178] I lost everything, in 1670, 1671 [AB]: at that time, providence brought me (unexpectedly) good friends—the right honorable Nicholas, Earl of Thanet, with whom I enjoyed my time at Hethfield in Kent [AC] for nearly a year, and then I was invited ...; in the year ..., Sarney; Sir Christopher Wren; Mr. Ogilby; then Edmund Wyld, Esq., R S S, of Glasely Hall, Salop (but in the margins), took me under his wing, with whom I most often share my meals and pleasant otium's.

Anno 1671, having sold all and disappointed as afore[Pg 42]said of moneys I received, I had so strong [179] an impulse [180] to (in good part) finish my [181] Description of Wilts, two volumes in folio, that I could not be quiet till I had donne it, and that with danger enough, tanquam canis e Nilo, for feare of the crocodiles, i.e. catchpolls.——And indeed all that I have donne and that little that I have studied have been just after that fashion, so that had I not lived long my want of leisure would have afforded but a slender harvest of....
In 1671, after selling everything and feeling let down as mentioned before[Pg 42] regarding the money I received, I felt such a strong [179] urge [180] to (mostly) finish my [181] Description of Wilts, two volumes in folio, that I couldn’t be at peace until I completed it, despite considerable risk, like a dog from the Nile, afraid of crocodiles, meaning the enforcers.——In fact, everything I've done and the little I’ve studied have followed that pattern, so had I not lived long, my lack of free time would have left me with only a meager outcome of....

A man's spirit rises and falls with his [182] ⦻: makes me lethargique.
A man's spirit goes up and down with his [182] ⦻: makes me feel sluggish.

[183] stomach so tender that I could not drinke claret without sugar, nor white wine, but would disgorge. not well ordered till 1670.
[183]My stomach was so sensitive that I couldn’t drink claret without sugar or white wine, or I would throw up. It didn’t get better until 1670.

☞ A strange fate that I have laboured under never [184] in my life to enjoy one entire monethe [VII.] or 6 weekes otium for contemplation.
☞ A strange fate that I've had to endure is that I've never [184] in my life been able to enjoy a full month [VII.] or 6 weeks of otium for reflection.

[VII.] Once at Chalke in my absconding Oct. anno ...; at Weston [185] anno....
[VII.] Once at Chalke during my escape in October of the year ...; at Weston [185] in the year....

My studies (geometry) were on horse back [VIII.], and the house of office: (my father discouraged me). My head was alwaies working; never idle, and even travelling (which from 1649 till 1670 was never off my horsback) did gleane som observations, of which I have a collection in folio of 2 quiers of paper + a dust basket, some wherof are to be valued.
My studies (geometry) were on horseback [VIII.], and the office: (my father discouraged me). My mind was always active; never idle, and even while traveling (which from 1649 to 1670 I was always on horseback) I made some observations, of which I have a collection in a folio of 2 quires of paper + a dust basket, some of which are valuable.

[VIII.] So I got my Algebra, Oughtred in my pocket, with some [186] information from Edward Davenant, D.D., of Gillingham, Dorset.
[VIII.] So I have my Algebra book, Oughtred, in my pocket, along with some [186] information from Edward Davenant, D.D., of Gillingham, Dorset.

His [187] chiefe vertue, gratitude.
His__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ main virtue, gratitude.

Tacit. lib. IV § xx:—Cneus Lentulus [188], outre l' honneur du consulat et le triumphes de Getules, avoit la gloire d'avoir vescu sans reproche dans sa pauverté, et sans [Pg 43]orgueil dans son opulence où il estoit parvenu de puis par de voyes legitimes.
Tacit. lib. IV § xx:—Cneus Lentulus [188], besides the honor of the consulship and the triumphs over the Getulians, had the glory of having lived without blame in his poverty, and without pride in the wealth he had legitimately achieved. [Pg 43]

never riotous or prodigall; but (as Sir E. Leech said) sloath and carelesnesse [189] equivalent to all other vices.
never wild or extravagant; but (as Sir E. Leech said) laziness and carelessness [189] just as bad as all other vices.

My fancy lay most to geometrie. If ever I had been good for anything, 'twould have been a painter, I could fancy a thing so strongly and had so cleare an idaea of it.
My interest was mostly in geometry. If I had ever been good at anything, it would have been painting; I could imagine something so vividly and had such a clear idea of it.

When a boy, he did ever love to converse with old men, as living histories. He cared not for play, but on play-dayes [190] he gave himselfe to drawing and painting. At 9, a pourtraiter [191]; and soon was....
When he was a boy, he always loved talking to older men, seeing them as living history. He wasn't interested in games, but on play days [190] he focused on drawing and painting. At 9, he was a portrait artist [191]; and soon was....

Reall character, [192] that> lay dead, I caused to revive by engaging 6 or 7 ... fungor vice cotis, etc.
Reall character, [192] that> lay dead, I caused to revive by engaging 6 or 7 ... fungor vice cotis, etc.

Wheras very sickly in youth; Deo gratias, healthy from 16.
Where I was very sickly in my youth; thank God, I've been healthy since 16.

Amici.

A Ettrick, Trin. Coll.

M. T.[193]—John Lydall.

Fr Potter, of 666 [194], C lettres [195].

Sir J Hoskyns, baronet.

Ed Wyld, esq. of Glasley Hall, quem summae gratitudinis ergo nomino.

Mr. Robert Hooke, Gresham College.

Mr. Hobbes, 165-.

A Wood, 1665.

☞ Sir William Petty, my singular friend.

Sir James Long, baronet, of Draycot, χρονογραφία etc.

Mr. Ch Seymour, father [196] of the d of S. [Pg 44]

Sir Jo Stawell, M. T.[197]

Bishop of Sarum .

Dr. W Holder.

Scripsit [198].

'The [199] Naturall History of Wiltshire.'

These 'Lives' (pro AW [200], 1679/80).

'Idea [201] of education of the noblesse,' in Mr. Ashmole's hands.

item, 'Remaynders of Gentilisme,' being observations on Ovid's Fastorum.

memorandum, 'Villare Anglicanum interpreted.'

item, Faber Fortunae (for his own private use).

I. A. lived most at Broad-chalke in com. Wilts; sometimes at Easton Piers; at London every terme. Much of his time spent in journeying to South Wales (entaile [202]) and Hereff. I now indulge my genius with my friends and pray for the young angels. Rest at Mris More's neer Gresham College (Mrs More's in Hammond Alley in Bishopgate Street farthest house [203]☍ old Jairer (?) taverne).
I. A. lived mostly in Broadchalke, Wiltshire; sometimes in Easton Piers; and in London every term. He spent a lot of his time traveling to South Wales and Herefordshire. Now, I enjoy my creativity with my friends and pray for the young angels. I’m resting at Mrs. More's near Gresham College (Mrs. More's is the last house in Hammond Alley on Bishopgate Street by the old Jairer tavern).

expect preferment Sir Ll. Jenkins [204].
expect a promotion Sir Ll. Jenkins [204].

[205]It was I. A. that did putt Mr. Hobbes upon writing his treatise De Legibus, which is bound up with his Rhetorique that one cannot find it but by chance; no mention of it in the first title.
[205]It was me who encouraged Mr. Hobbes to write his treatise De Legibus, which is combined with his Rhetorique so that it can only be found by chance; there's no mention of it in the main title.

[206]I have writt 'an Idea of the education of the Noblesse from the age of 10 (or 11) till 18': left with Elias Ashmole, esquire.
[206]I have written 'An Idea of the Education of the Noblesse from the age of 10 (or 11) to 18': left with Elias Ashmole, esquire.

[207]1673 [208], die Jovis [209], 5^to Martii, 9^h 15´ + P.M. J. A. [Pg 45]arrested ... Gardiner, serjeant, a lusty faire-haired solar fellow, prowd, insolent, et omnia id genus.
[207]1673 [208], Thursday [209], 5^th of March, 9^h 15´ + PM J. A. [Pg 45]arrested by ... Gardiner, a strong, fair-haired guy, proud, arrogant, and all that sort of thing.

[210]March 25, 1675, my nose bled at the left nostrill about 4^h. P.M. I doe not remember any event [AD].
[210]On March 25, 1675, my left nostril started bleeding around 4^h PM I don't remember any other events [AD].

[211]July 31, 1677, I sold my bokes to Mr. Littlebury, scilicet when my impostume in my heade did breake.
[211]On July 31, 1677, I sold my books to Mr. Littlebury, namely when the abscess in my head burst.

About 50 annos impostume in capite.
About 50 years old, I had an abscess in my head.

[212]Captain ... Poyntz (for service that I did him to the earle of Pembroke and the earl of Abingdon [AE]) did very kindly make me a grant of a thousand acres of land in the island of Tobago, anno Domini 1685/6, Febr. 2^d. He advised me to send over people to plant [AF] and to gett subscribers to come in for a share of these 1000 acres, for 200 acres he sayes would be enough for me. In this delicate island is lac lunae (the mother of silver).
[212]Captain ... Poyntz (for the help I gave him to the Earl of Pembroke and the Earl of Abingdon [AE]) generously granted me a thousand acres of land in Tobago, on February 2, 1685/6. He suggested that I should bring people over to settle and find subscribers to share in these 1000 acres, saying that 200 acres would be enough for me. This beautiful island has lac lunae (the mother of silver).

William Penn, Lord Proprietor of Pennsylvania, did, ex mero motu et ex gratia speciali, give me, (16—) a graunt, under his seale, of six hundred acres in Pennsylvania [AG], without my seeking or dreaming of it. He adviseth me to plant it with French protestants for seaven yeares gratis and afterwards to pay such a rent. Also he tells me, for 200 acres ten pounds per annum rent for ever, after three yeares.
William Penn, the Lord Proprietor of Pennsylvania, did, on his own accord and through special favor, grant me, (16—), a deed, under his seal, for six hundred acres in Pennsylvania [AG], without me asking or even expecting it. He advises me to plant it with French Protestants for seven years for free and afterwards they will pay a rent. He also mentions that for 200 acres, the rent will be ten pounds per year forever, starting after three years.

[213]John Aubrey [AH], March 20, 1692/3, about 11 at night robbed and 15 wounds in my head.
[213]John Aubrey [AH], March 20, 1692/3, around 11 PM I was robbed and suffered 15 wounds to my head.

January 5^th, 1693/4, an apoplectick fitt, circiter 4^h. P.M.
January 5^th, 1693/4, a stroke, around 4^h. PM

[214]Accidents of John Aubrey [AI].

Borne at Easton-Piers, March 12, 1625/6, about sun-rising: very weake and like to dye, and therfore Christned that morning before Prayer. I thinke I have heard my mother say I had an ague shortly after I was borne.
Born at Easton-Piers, March 12, 1625/6, around sunrise: very weak and close to dying, and therefore baptized that morning before prayer. I think I’ve heard my mother say I had a fever shortly after I was born.

1629: about 3 or 4 yeares old, I had a grievous ague.
1629: at about 3 or 4 years old, I had a severe fever.

[Pg 46]
[Pg 46]

I can remember it. I gott not health till 11, or 12: but had sicknesse of vomiting for 12 howres every fortnight for ... yeares; then, it came monethly for ...; then, quarterly; and then, halfe-yearly; the last was in June 1642. This sicknesse nipt my strength in the bud.
I can remember it. I didn't have good health until I was 11 or 12, but I had nausea and vomiting for 12 hours every two weeks for ... years; then it happened monthly for ...; then quarterly; and then every six months; the last time was in June 1642. This illness stunted my strength from the very beginning.

1633: 8 yeares old, I had an issue (naturall) in the coronall suture of my head, which continued running till 21.
1633: At 8 years old, I had a natural issue in the coronal suture of my head, which kept running until I was 21.

1634: October [215]: I had a violent fever that was like to have carried me off. 'Twas the most dangerous sicknesse that ever I had.
1634: October [215]: I had a severe fever that almost took my life. It was the most dangerous illness I’ve ever experienced.

About 1639 (or 1640) I had the measills, but that was nothing: I was hardly sick.
About 1639 (or 1640) I had the measles, but that wasn’t a big deal: I was barely sick.

1639: Monday after Easter weeke my uncle's nag ranne away with me, and gave a very dangerous fall.
1639: Monday after Easter week my uncle's horse ran away with me and I had a pretty serious fall.

1642: May 3, entred at Trinity College, Oxon.
1642: May 3, enrolled at Trinity College, Oxford.

1643: April and May, the small-pox at Oxon; and shortly after, left that ingeniouse place; and for three yeares led a sad life in the countrey.
1643: In April and May, there was smallpox in Oxford; shortly after, I left that clever place and spent three years living a difficult life in the countryside.

1646: April ——, admitted of the Middle Temple. But my father's sicknesse, and businesse, never permitted me to make any settlement to my studie.
1646: April ——, admitted to the Middle Temple. But my father's illness and business never allowed me to focus on my studies.

1651: about the 16 or 18 of April, I sawe that incomparable good conditioned gentlewoman, Mris M. Wiseman, with whom at first sight I was in love—haeret lateri [216].
1651: around the 16th or 18th of April, I saw that amazing, kind-hearted woman, Mrs. M. Wiseman, with whom I fell in love at first sight—haeret lateri [216].

1652: October 21: my father died.
1652: October 21: my father passed away.

1655: (I thinke) June 14, I had a fall at Epsam, and brake one of my ribbes and was afrayd it might cause an apostumation.
1655: (I think) June 14, I had a fall at Epsom and broke one of my ribs and was afraid it might cause an abscess.

1656: September 1655, or rather (I thinke) 1656, I began my chargeable and taedious lawe-suite about the entaile in Brecknockshire and Monmouthshire.
1656: In September 1655, or rather (I think) 1656, I started my costly and tedious legal battle concerning the entail in Brecknockshire and Monmouthshire.

This yeare, and the last, was a strange year to me, and [217] of contradictions;—scilicet love M. W.[218] and lawe-suites.
This year, like the last, was an unusual year for me, filled with contradictions;—namely love M. W. and legal battles.

1656: December: Veneris morbus.
1656: December: Venereal disease.

[Pg 47]
[Pg 47]

[219]1657: Novemb. 27, obiit domina Katherina Ryves, with whom I was to marry; to my great losse.
[219]1657: November 27, Lady Katherina Ryves passed away, with whom I was meant to marry; it was a great loss for me.

1658: ...[220]
1658: ...[220]

1659: March or Aprill, like to breake my neck in Ely minster, and the next day, riding a gallop there, my horse tumbled over and over, and yet (I thanke God) no hurt.
1659: March or April, I nearly broke my neck in Ely Minster, and the next day, while riding fast there, my horse fell over and over, yet (I thank God) I was unharmed.

1660: July, August, I accompanied A. Ettrick into Ireland for a moneth; and returning were like to be ship-wrackt at Holy-head, but no hurt donne.
1660: July, August, I went with A. Ettrick to Ireland for a month; and on our return, we were almost shipwrecked at Holyhead, but we weren’t harmed.

1661, 1662, 1663: about these yeares I sold my estate in Herefordshire.
1661, 1662, 1663: around these years, I sold my property in Herefordshire.

...[221]: Janu., had the honour to be elected fellow of the Royal Society.
...[221]: January, had the honor of being elected a fellow of the Royal Society.

1664: June 11, landed at Calais. In August following, had a terrible fit of the spleen, and piles, at Orleans. I returned in October.
1664: June 11, landed at Calais. In August that year, I had a severe attack of spleen issues and hemorrhoids in Orleans. I returned in October.

1664, or 1665: Munday after Christmas, was in danger to be spoiled by my horse, and the same day received laesio in testiculo which was like to have been fatall. Quaere R. Wiseman quando—I beleeve 1664.
1664, or 1665: The Monday after Christmas, I was almost harmed by my horse, and that same day I experienced an injury to my testicle that could have been fatal. I wonder if R. Wiseman remembers when—I believe it was 1664.

1665: November 1; I made my first addresse (in an ill howre) to Joane Sumner.
1665: November 1; I made my first address (at a bad time) to Joane Sumner.

1666: this yeare all my businesses and affaires ran kim kam. Nothing tooke effect, as if I had been under an ill tongue. Treacheries and enmities in abundance against me.
1666: this year all my work and affairs went wrong. Nothing succeeded, as if I had been cursed. There were plenty of betrayals and hostilities aimed at me.

1667: December —: arrested in Chancery lane, at Mrs. Sumner's suite.
1667: December —: arrested on Chancery Lane, at Mrs. Sumner's place.

<1667/8>: Febr. 24, A.M. about 8 or 9, triall with her at Sarum. Victory and 600 li. dammage, though divelish opposition against me.
<1667/8>: Feb. 24, AM around 8 or 9, trial with her in Sarum. Victory and 600 li. in damages, despite some fierce opposition against me.

1668: July 6, was arrested by Peter Gale's malicious contrivance, the day before I was to goe to Winton for my second triall, but it did not retain me above two howres; but did not then goe to triall.
1668: July 6, I was arrested by Peter Gale's spiteful scheme, the day before I was supposed to go to Winton for my second trial, but it only held me for about two hours; however, I didn't go to trial then.

1669 [222]: March 5, was my triall at Winton, from 8 to 9, [Pg 48]the judge being exceedingly made against me, by my lady Hungerford. But 4 of the Venue (?) appearing, and with much adoe, gott the moëity of Sarum, verdict viz. 300 li.
1669 [222]: March 5, was my trial at Winton, from 8 to 9, [Pg 48]the judge being extremely biased against me, thanks to Lady Hungerford. However, 4 of the jury members showed up and, after a lot of trouble, managed to secure a verdict for half of Sarum, which was 300 li.

1669 and 1670: I sold all my estate in Wilts.
1669 and 1670: I sold all my property in Wiltshire.

From 1670, to this very day (I thanke God), I have enjoyed a happy delitescency.
From 1670 to today (thank God), I have enjoyed a happy existence.

1671: danger of arrests.
1671: risk of arrests.

1677: later end of June, an imposthume brake in my head.
1677: later end of June, a boil broke out on my head.

Laus Deo.
God be praised.

[223]Memorandum:—St. John's night, 1673, in danger of being run through with a sword by a young ...[224] at Mr. Burges' chamber in the Middle Temple.
[223]Memorandum:—On St. John's night, 1673, I was at risk of being stabbed by a young ...[224] in Mr. Burges' room at the Middle Temple.

Quaere the yeare [225] that I lay at Mris Neve's; for that time I was in great danger of being killed by a drunkard in the street opposite Grayes-Inne gate—a gentleman whom I never sawe before, but (Deo gratias) one of his companions hindred his thrust. (Memorandum: horoscope....[226])
Quaere the year [225] that I stayed at Mrs. Neve's; during that time, I was in serious danger of being killed by a drunk man in the street across from Gray's Inn gate—a gentleman I had never seen before, but (thank God) one of his friends stopped his attack. (Note: horoscope....[226])

Danger of being killed by William, earl of Pembroke, then lord Herbert, at the election of Sir William Salkeld for New Sarum.
Danger of being killed by William, earl of Pembroke, then lord Herbert, at the election of Sir William Salkeld for New Sarum.

I see Mars in ...226[226] threatnes danger to me from falls.
I see Mars in ...226[226] poses a danger to me from falling.

I have been twice in danger of drowning.
I've almost drowned twice.

Notes.

[J] This beginning of Aubrey's autobiography is explained by Henry Coley's judgment on his nativity, found in MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 104, on the scheme 'J. A. natus 1625/6, March 11th, 17^h 14´ 44˝ P.M., sub latitudine 51° 30´.'
[J] This opening of Aubrey's autobiography is clarified by Henry Coley's assessment of his birth, recorded in MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 104, on the chart 'J. A. born 1625/6, March 11th, 17^h 14´ 44˝ PM, at a latitude of 51° 30´.'

'The nativity,' Coley says, 'is a most remarkable opposition, and 'tis much pitty the starres were not more favourable to the native.' Coley goes on to state that the stars 'threaten ruin to land and estate; give superlative vexations in matters relating to marriag, and wondrous contests in law-suits—of all which vexations I suppose the native hath had a greater portion than ever was desired.' Aubrey must have been only too glad to have authority for attributing his failure in life to the stars, and not to his own ill-conduct.
'The birth chart,' Coley says, 'is a truly remarkable conflict, and it’s a real shame the stars weren't more favorable to the person involved.' Coley continues by saying that the stars 'threaten destruction to property and wealth; create extreme troubles in marriage matters, and lead to amazing disputes in legal cases—of all these troubles, I believe the person has experienced more than anyone could want.' Aubrey must have been more than happy to have justification for blaming his failures in life on the stars, instead of his own poor behavior.

[K] In MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3, in jottings at the side of his horoscope, Aubrey suggests that his failure in this respect was due to defects of his upbringing, not of natural ability.
[K] In MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3, in notes next to his horoscope, Aubrey suggests that his lack of success in this area was a result of flaws in his upbringing, rather than a lack of natural talent.

Ἐὰν ᾖς φιλομαθής, ἔσῃ πολυμαθής. By pian piano I might have ; though memory not tenacious, zeale to learning, and ...[227] extraordinary, ... ...[228]; bred ignorant at Eston.'
If you are eager to learn, you’ll be knowledgeable. Gradually, I could have learned; even though my memory wasn’t strong, I had a passion for learning, and ...[227] extraordinary, ... ...[228]; but I grew up ignorant at Eston.'

[L] Henry Coley, in his 'Observations upon the geniture' of Aubrey, MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 105^v, finds that the stars show that he 'will be in great danger between the years of 40 and 50.'—On this Aubrey remarks:—
[L] Henry Coley, in his 'Observations on the birth chart' of Aubrey, MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 105^v, notes that the stars indicate he 'will be in significant danger between the ages of 40 and 50.'—To this, Aubrey comments:—

'Much about that time the native was several times in danger of expiration, as,
'Much about that time, the native was several times in danger of dying, as,

first, by the e of P;
first, by the earl of Pembroke;

2, a bruise of the left side;
2, a bruise on the left side;

3, a narrow escape of falling downe stayres; and,
3, a narrow escape from falling down the stairs; and,

lastly, as dangerous a fall from a horse;
lastly, as dangerous as falling from a horse;

besides the accident of sowneing, cum multis aliis.
besides the accident of sounding, along with many others.

1668: the native was in no small trouble, at least received disparagement, by an arrest, and other untoward transactions.'
1668: the native was in quite a bit of trouble, particularly facing disrespect from an arrest and other unfortunate events.

[M] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 62 sqq., is a notice of Aubrey's family and of Kington St. Michael.
[M] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 62 sqq., there's a note about Aubrey's family and Kington St. Michael.

The pedigree is:—
The lineage is:—

William Aubrey, LL.D. | | John Aubrey (3rd son) | | Richard Aubrey m. Deborah, (only son) | daughter of | Isaac Lyte | +-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | John William Thomas (our author)

See in 'Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey, corrected and enlarged by John Edward Jackson,' Devizes, 1862.
See in 'Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey, corrected and enlarged by John Edward Jackson,' Devizes, 1862.

In MS. Aubr. 23, on a slip at fol. 47, Aubrey notes his father's christening:—'Richard Aubrey, July 26, St. Anne's day, christened A.D. 1603.'
In MS. Aubr. 23, on a slip at fol. 47, Aubrey notes his father's baptism:—'Richard Aubrey, July 26, St. Anne's day, baptized CE 1603.'

MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 83, notices Aubrey's brother William:—'My brother William Aubrey's scheme by Henry Coley.—Natus Mr. W. A. March 20, 1642/3, at 11^h 30´ P.M.'
MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 83, mentions Aubrey's brother William:—'My brother William Aubrey's chart by Henry Coley.—Born Mr. W. A. March 20, 1642/3, at 11:30 P.M.'

MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 119^v, is the back of an envelope (seal, a pelican feeding her young) addressed to Aubrey's third brother:—'to his very loving freind Mr. Thomas Awbrey at Broad Chalke give these.'
MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 119^v, is the back of an envelope (seal, a pelican feeding her young) addressed to Aubrey's third brother:—'to his very dear friend Mr. Thomas Awbrey at Broad Chalke, please deliver these.'

[N] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8, Aubrey notes:—
[N] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8, Aubrey notes:—

'John Aubrey borne in the chamber where are on the chimney painted the armes of Isaac Lyte and Israel Browne.'
John Aubrey was born in the room where the arms of Isaac Lyte and Israel Browne are painted on the chimney.

MS. Aubr. 17 contains several of Aubrey's drawings, in pencil and water-colours, of the house and grounds at Easton-Piers.
MS. Aubr. 17 includes several of Aubrey's drawings, in pencil and watercolor, of the house and grounds at Easton-Piers.

In MS. Aubr. 3 (his 'Hypomnemata Antiquaria'), fol. 55 sqq., is Aubrey's description of Easton-Piers. It is printed in J. E. Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections (Devizes, 1862), pp. 235 sqq.
In MS. Aubr. 3 (his 'Hypomnemata Antiquaria'), fol. 55 sqq., is Aubrey's description of Easton-Piers. It is printed in J. E. Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections (Devizes, 1862), pp. 235 sqq.

[O] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 8, Aubrey notes:—'ex registro Kington St. Michael in com. Wilts: June 15, Richard Aubrey and Debora Lyght maried, 1625.'
[O] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 8, Aubrey notes:—'from the records of Kington St. Michael in Wiltshire: June 15, Richard Aubrey and Debora Lyght married, 1625.'

[P] Aubrey in a marginal note seeks to bring his birth-day into connexion with the Roman Quinquatria (March 19). The note is: 'Quinquatria: feast dedicated to Minerva' .
[P] Aubrey in a side note tries to connect his birthday with the Roman Quinquatria (March 19). The note is: 'Quinquatria: festival dedicated to Minerva' .

[Q] In MS. Aubr. 23 (his 'Collectio geniturarum'), fol. 116, 117, are letters from Charles Snell about Aubrey's nativity and accidents. Snell there enumerates Aubrey's:—
[Q] In MS. Aubr. 23 (his 'Collection of Birth Charts'), pages 116, 117, there are letters from Charles Snell discussing Aubrey's birth and circumstances. Snell lists Aubrey's:—

'Sicknesse att birth; ague and vomittings aboute 5 or 6 yeares old; issue in his head; small-pox; amours with madam Wiseman [229]; selling away the mannor of Stratford, etc.; haesitating in his speech.'
'Sickness at birth; fever and vomiting around 5 or 6 years old; issues in his head; smallpox; affairs with Madam Wiseman [229]; selling off the manor of Stratford, etc.; hesitating in his speech.'

Snell gives this advice:—
Snell offers this advice:—

'If the haesitation in your speech doth hinder, gett a parsonage of 4 or 500 li. per annum, and give a curat 100 li. per annum to officiate for you.'
'If your hesitation in speech is a problem, get a parish with an income of 400 or 500 li. a year, and pay a curate 100 li. a year to officiate for you.'

The letter is dated from 'Fordingbridge; 12 August, 1676.'
The letter is dated 'Fordingbridge; August 12, 1676.'

Aubrey, in his letters to Anthony Wood, several times touches on the idea of his taking Orders. MS. Ballard 14, fol. 98:—'I am like to be spirited away to Jamaica by my lord Vaughan, who is newly made governor there, and mighty earnest to have me goe with him and will looke out some employment worthy a gentleman for me. Fough! the cassock stinkes: it would be ridiculous.'—April 9, 1674. MS. Ballard 14, fol. 119:—'I am stormed by my chiefest friends afresh, viz. Baron Bertie [230], Sir William Petty, Sir John Hoskyns, bishop of Sarum [231], etc., to turne ecclesiastique; "but the king of France growes stronger and stronger, and what if the Roman religion should come-in againe?" "Why then!" say they, "cannot you turne too?" You, I say, know well that I am no puritan, nor an enimy to the old gentleman on the other side of the Alpes. Truly, if I had a good parsonage of 2 or 300 li. per annum, (as you told me) it would be a shrewd temptation.'—Aug. 29, 1676.
Aubrey, in his letters to Anthony Wood, often mentions the idea of joining the clergy. MS. Ballard 14, fol. 98:—'I might be whisked away to Jamaica by my lord Vaughan, who has just been appointed governor there and is really eager to have me go with him. He’ll find me a position suitable for a gentleman. Yuck! The cassock stinks; it would be absurd.'—April 9, 1674. MS. Ballard 14, fol. 119:—'My closest friends are pressuring me again, namely Baron Bertie [230], Sir William Petty, Sir John Hoskyns, bishop of Sarum [231], etc., to become a clergyman; "but the king of France is getting stronger and stronger, and what if the Roman religion comes back?" "Well then!" they say, "can't you convert too?" You know well that I'm not a puritan, nor am I an enemy to the old guy on the other side of the Alps. Honestly, if I had a decent parish paying around 200 or 300 li. a year (as you mentioned), it would be quite a temptation.'—Aug. 29, 1676.

[R] Aubrey notes in the margin, (1) 'T. H.' (in a monogram), i.e. that this Latimer had been schoolmaster to Thomas Hobbes, and (2), 'delicate little horse,' to indicate that he did not walk the mile to Leigh-de-la-mere like a poor boy, but rode his pony there like a fine gentleman. John Britton has mis-read the note, and made it a description of Mr. Latimer's appearance, 'delicate little person.'
[R] Aubrey writes in the margin, (1) 'T. H.' (in a monogram), meaning that this Latimer was Thomas Hobbes's schoolmaster, and (2), 'delicate little horse,' to suggest that he didn’t walk the mile to Leigh-de-la-mere like a poor boy, but rode his pony there like a gentleman. John Britton misunderstood the note and interpreted it as a description of Mr. Latimer's appearance, 'delicate little person.'

In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 109, Aubrey gives this inscription as on a stone 'under the communion-table' in the church of Leigh-de-la-mere:—
In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 109, Aubrey provides this inscription as found on a stone 'under the communion table' in the church of Leigh-de-la-mere:—

'Here lieth Mr. Robert Latymer, sometime rector and pastor of this church, who deceased this life the second day of November, anno domini 1634.'
'Here lies Mr. Robert Latymer, former rector and pastor of this church, who passed away on the second day of November, in the year 1634.'

And then Aubrey notes:—
And then Aubrey says:—

'This Mr. Latimer was schoolmaster at Malmsbury [232] to Mr. Thomas Hobbes. He afterwards taught children here [233]. He entred me into my accedence. Before Mr. Latimer, one Mr. Taverner was rector here, who was the parson that maried my grand-father and grandmother Lyte.'
This Mr. Latimer was the schoolmaster at Malmsbury [232] for Mr. Thomas Hobbes. He later taught children here [233]. He got me started on my studies. Before Mr. Latimer, there was a Mr. Taverner who was the rector here; he was the priest who married my grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Lyte.

[S] In a marginal note (MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3), Aubrey excuses his father's neglect of his education on the plea that he himself grew up illiterate. The note is:—
[S] In a side comment (MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3), Aubrey justifies his father's lack of attention to his education by saying that he himself grew up unable to read or write. The note is:—

'My grandfather A dyed, leaving my father, who was not educated to learning, but to hawking.' See in the life of Alderman John Whitson.
'My grandfather Aubrey died, leaving my father, who was not educated in academics, but in hawking.' See in the life of Alderman John Whitson.

[T] In the margin Aubrey notes:—
In the margin, Aubrey writes:—

'♄: strong impulse to ♄.' This means I suppose that the position of Saturn at his nativity gave him a bias to the study of antiquities.
'♄: strong urge towards ♄.' This suggests that Saturn's position at his birth inclined him towards the study of ancient artifacts.

[U] This means, I suppose, that the copies he made sufficiently resembled the pictures on the parlour wall. A note in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, perhaps refers to his own skill in drawing, 'As Mr. Walter Waller's picture drawne after his death; è contra, I have done severall by the life.' Walter Waller was vicar of Chalk, where Aubrey lived: see in the life of Edmund Waller.
[U] I guess this means that the copies he made looked enough like the pictures on the parlor wall. A note in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v possibly refers to his own drawing skills, stating, 'As Mr. Walter Waller's portrait drawn after his death; on the other hand, I have done several from life.' Walter Waller was the vicar of Chalk, where Aubrey lived: see in the life of Edmund Waller.

[V] Possibly "The mysteries of nature and art, viz.... drawing, colouring ...," by J[ohn] B[ate], Lond. 1634, 4to.
[V] Possibly "The mysteries of nature and art, namely.... drawing, coloring ...," by J[ohn] B[ate], London, 1634, 4to.

[W] Here (fol. 3^v) in the margin is written:—'Vide Pond,' referring perhaps to a pocket almanac, in which Aubrey had marked the date of his going up to Oxford. See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 11, 12. In a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, of date Feb. 21, 1679/80, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 127, is this interesting note:—'At Trinity College we writt our names in the Buttery-booke, when we were entred.'
[W] Here (fol. 3^v) in the margin is written:—'See Pond,' probably referring to a pocket almanac, where Aubrey noted the date of his arrival in Oxford. See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 11, 12. In a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated Feb. 21, 1679/80, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 127, there’s this interesting note:—'At Trinity College we wrote our names in the Buttery book when we arrived.'

Aubrey cites in the margin (MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3^v):—'Horat. Epist. 2^d.' Epist. ii. 2. 45>:—
Aubrey notes in the margin (MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3^v):—'Horace. Epist. 2^d.' Epist. ii. 2. 45>:—

'And among the woods of the Academy, seek the truth.
"It’s hard, but move me to a place of comfort."

[X] In MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 183, Aubrey, writing on Oct. 19, 1672, tells Anthony Wood, 'you must not forgett that I have 3 other faces or prospects of Osney abbey, as good as that now in the Monasticon. They are in my trunke yet at Easton Piers.' Ibid., fol. 190^v, on Oct. 22, 1672, he says, 'I will bring you about March my two other draughts of Osney ruines, one by Mr. Dobson himselfe, the other by his man, one Mr. Hesketh, but was a priest.'
[X] In MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 183, Aubrey, writing on Oct. 19, 1672, tells Anthony Wood, 'you must not forget that I have 3 other views of Osney Abbey, just as good as the one currently in the Monasticon. They are still in my trunk at Easton Piers.' Ibid., fol. 190^v, on Oct. 22, 1672, he says, 'I will bring you, around March, my two other sketches of the Osney ruins, one by Mr. Dobson himself, the other by his assistant, Mr. Hesketh, who was a priest.'

Note that in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 200, is a drawing (from memory) by Aubrey of the stone-work which crowned the great earth-mound of Oxford Castle.
Note that in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 200, there is a drawing (from memory) by Aubrey of the stonework that topped the large earth mound of Oxford Castle.

[Y] In a slip at the end of MS. Aubr. 26 (Aubrey's Faber Fortunae, in which he entered schemes by which he hoped to 'make his fortune'), is this note:—
[Y] In a note at the end of MS. Aubr. 26 (Aubrey's Faber Fortunae, where he wrote down plans to 'make his fortune'), there's this note:—

'I have the deed of entaile of the lands in South Wales, Brecon, and Monmouthshire, by my grandfather, William Aubrey LL.D., which lands now of right belong to me. Memorandum:—Mr. David Powell, who liveth at ... (neer Llanverarbrin neer Llandvery, as I remember), can helpe me to the counterpart of this deed of entaile in Wales—quod N. B.'
'I have the deed of entailment for the lands in South Wales, Brecon, and Monmouthshire, from my grandfather, William Aubrey LL.D., which lands now rightfully belong to me. Note: Mr. David Powell, who lives at ... (near Llanverarbrin near Llandvery, as I recall), can help me with the copy of this deed of entailment in Wales—signed N. B.'

[Z] In MS. Aubr. 21, at fol. 75 is part of a draft of a will by Aubrey, probably the one mentioned here (Ralph Bathurst became 'Dr.' in 1654):—
[Z] In MS. Aubr. 21, on page 75, there’s a part of a draft will by Aubrey, likely the one referenced here (Ralph Bathurst became 'Dr.' in 1654):—

'Item, my will is that my executors buy for Trinity Colledge in Oxon a colledge pott of the value of ten pounds, with my armes theron inscribed; and ten pounds which I shall desire my honoured friends Mr. Ralph Bathurst of Trinity College and Mr. John Lydall to lay out upon mathematicall and philosophicall books.
'Item, I wish for my executors to purchase a college pot worth ten pounds for Trinity College in Oxford, with my arms inscribed on it; and ten pounds that I would like my respected friends Mr. Ralph Bathurst of Trinity College and Mr. John Lydall to spend on mathematical and philosophical books.'

Item, I give to the library of Jesus Colledge in Oxon my Greeke Crysostomus, Bede's 2 tomes, and all the rest of my bookes that are fitt for a library, as Mr. Anthony Ettrick [234] or Mr. John Lydall shall think fitt, excepting those bookes that were my father's which I bequeath to my heire.
Item, I give to the library of Jesus College in Oxford my Greek Crysostomus, Bede's 2 volumes, and all the rest of my books that are suitable for a library, as Mr. Anthony Ettrick [234] or Mr. John Lydall shall see fit, except for those books that belonged to my father, which I leave to my heir.

Item, I bequeath to John Davenant of the Middle Temple, esq., a ring of the value of 50s., with a stone in it.
Item, I leave a ring worth 50s. with a stone in it to John Davenant of the Middle Temple, esq.

Item, to Mr. William Hawes [235] of Trinity College aforsaid a ring of the like value.
Item, to Mr. William Hawes [235] of Trinity College mentioned above, a ring of similar value.

Item, to Mr. John Lydall [236] of the Colledge aforesaid a ring of the like value.
Item, to Mr. John Lydall [236] of the College mentioned above, a ring of the same value.

Item, to Mr. Ralf Bathurst [237] of Trinity College aforesaid a ring of the like value.
Item, to Mr. Ralf Bathurst [237] of Trinity College mentioned above a ring of similar value.

Item, to Mris Mary Wiseman of Westminster, my best diamond ring.'
Item, to Mrs. Mary Wiseman of Westminster, my best diamond ring.

[AA] On a slip at fol. 101 of MS. Aubr. 23 is the jotting:—'Eston-pierse: possession given, 25 March, 1671, P.M.'
[AA] On a note at fol. 101 of MS. Aubr. 23 is written:—'Eston-pierse: possession granted, March 25, 1671, PM'

[AB] In his retirement during this year at Chalk, Aubrey tried his hand at play-making. Writing to Anthony Wood on Oct. 26, 1671, MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 141^v, he says:—
[AB] In his retirement this year at Chalk, Aubrey experimented with playwriting. Writing to Anthony Wood on Oct. 26, 1671, MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 141^v, he states:—

'I am writing a comedy for Thomas Shadwell, which I have now almost finished since I came here, et quorum pars magna fui. And I shall fit him with another, The Countrey Revell, both humours untoucht, but of this, mum! for 'tis very satyricall against some of my mischievous enemies which I in my tumbling up and downe have collected.'
'I’m working on a comedy for Thomas Shadwell, which I’ve almost finished since I got here, and I’ve been a big part of it. I’ll also prepare another one, The Countrey Revell, both capturing untouched humor, but about this, shh! because it’s very satirical against some of my troublesome enemies that I’ve gathered while bouncing around.'

Of the first of these comedies, the autobiographical one, I have found no trace: of the second, satirizing the men and manners of Wiltshire, a very rude draft is found in MS. Aubr. 21.
Of the first of these comedies, the autobiographical one, I have found no trace; of the second, which satirizes the people and customs of Wiltshire, a very rough draft is found in MS. Aubr. 21.

[AC] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 113 is a note (dated 1672/3) from Henry Coley, addressed:—
[AC] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 113 is a note (dated 1672/3) from Henry Coley, addressed:—

'For his much honoured friend Mr. John Aubrey, at the right honourable the earle of Thanet's house at Hethfield in Kent, these present.'
'For his esteemed friend Mr. John Aubrey, at the right honorable Earl of Thanet's house in Hethfield, Kent, these present.'

The letter states that the writer has forwarded letters to and from Aubrey; and concludes: 'you are much wanted at London, and dayly expected, and therefore I hope you will not be long absent. Interest calls for your appearance.'
The letter says that the writer has sent letters to and from Aubrey; and wraps up with: 'you are greatly needed in London, and are expected daily, so I hope you won’t be away for long. Your presence is required.'

[AD] i.e. which followed after this bleeding. Bleeding at the nose was thought ominous: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 289, note 1.
[AD] that occurred after this nosebleed. A nosebleed was seen as a bad sign: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 289, note 1.

[AE] In MS. Aubr. 26, p. 17 is this note:—'The earle of Abington to buy of Captain Poyntz the propriety of the island of Tobago, now regnante Gulielmo III.'
[AE] In MS. Aubr. 26, p. 17 is this note:—'The Earl of Abington is to purchase from Captain Poyntz the ownership of the island of Tobago, under the reign of William III.'

[AF] Aubrey before this time had planned to retrieve his ruined fortunes by colonial schemes: e.g., MS. Aubr. 26, p. 46:—'1676: from Sir William Petty— Jamaica 500 li. gives 100 per annum: take a chymist with me, for brandy, suger, etc., and goe halfe with him.'
[AF] Before this time, Aubrey had planned to recover his lost fortunes through colonial projects: e.g., MS. Aubr. 26, p. 46:—'1676: from Sir William Petty— Jamaica 500 li. provides 100 per year: take a chemist with me for brandy, sugar, etc., and split the profits with him.'

[AG] In consequence of this grant, Aubrey seriously thought of emigrating. MS. Aubr. 26, p. 14:—
[AG] As a result of this grant, Aubrey seriously considered moving to another country. MS. Aubr. 26, p. 14:—

'Mr. Robert Welsted, goldsmith and banquier, saies that Mr. John Evelyn's bookes are the most proper for a plantation. Also Markham's husbandry and huswifry, etc. This is in order for Mr. W. Penn and myselfe.—Also let him carry with him Mr. Haines booke of Cydar Royall, which method will likewise serve for other fruites—it is by distillation. Quaere of Mr. Tyndale's at Bunhill, who makes severall sorts of English wines and cydars. Memorandum the great knack and criticism is to know when it comes to its sowrenesse; it must not be vinegar for then nothing will come—quod N. B.'
'Mr. Robert Welsted, goldsmith and banker, says that Mr. John Evelyn's books are the best for a plantation. Also, Markham's husbandry and housewifery, etc. This is regarding Mr. W. Penn and me. — Also, let him take Mr. Haines's book on Royal Cider, which method will also work for other fruits — it’s through distillation. Inquire about Mr. Tyndale's at Bunhill, who makes several types of English wines and ciders. Note that the key point is to know when it reaches its sourness; it must not turn to vinegar, or nothing will come of it. — N. B.'

[AH] This is noticed on a slip (fragment of a letter, '8 March, 1692/3' from Edward Harley) at fol. 113 of MS. Aubr. 23:—'J. A. vulneratus die 20 Martii inter 10 et 11 horas Londini. Deo gratias.'
[AH] This is noted on a slip (fragment of a letter, '8 March, 1692/3' from Edward Harley) at fol. 113 of MS. Aubr. 23:—'J. A. wounded on March 20 between 10 and 11 o'clock in London. Thanks be to God.'

[AI] This paper was acquired by Rawlinson in July ... 1746 (ibid. fol. 31^v). There is an inaccurate copy of it in MS. Ballard 14, foll. 158, 159, which has the note:—'1754, June 11, transcribed from a MS. in Mr. Aubrey's own writing in the possession of Dr. Richard Rawlinson.'
[AI] This document was obtained by Rawlinson in July ... 1746 (ibid. fol. 31^v). There is an incorrect copy of it in MS. Ballard 14, pages 158, 159, which has the note:—'1754, June 11, copied from a manuscript in Mr. Aubrey's own handwriting in the possession of Dr. Richard Rawlinson.'

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William Aubrey (1529-1595).

[238]William Aubrey [AJ], Doctor of Lawes:—extracted from a MS.[AK] of funeralls, and other good notes, in the hands of Sir Henry St. George, ...[239], marked thus ♡. I guesse it to be the hand-writing of Sir Daniel Dun, knight, LL. Dr., who maried Joane, third daughter of Dr. William Aubrey:—
[238]William Aubrey [AJ], Doctor of Laws:—taken from a manuscript [AK] about funerals and other useful notes, held by Sir Henry St. George, ...[239], marked with ♡. I believe it to be in the handwriting of Sir Daniel Dun, knight, LL. Dr., who married Joane, the third daughter of Dr. William Aubrey:—

William Aubrey (the second son of Thomas Aubrey, the 4th son of Hopkin Aubrey, of Abercunvrig in the countie of Brecon, esqre) in the 66th yeare of his age or thereabouts, and on the 25th of June, in the yeare of our Lord 1595, departed this life, and was buried in the Cathedrall-church of St. Paul in London, on the north side of the chancell, over against the tombe of Sir John Mason, knight, at the base or foot of a great pillar standing upon the highest step of certain degrees or [Pg 54]staires rising into the quire eastward from the same pillar towards the tombe of the right honble the lord William, earle of Pembroke, and his funeralls were performed the 23d of July, 1595. This gentleman in his tender yeares learned the first grounds of grammar in the College of Brecon, in Brecknock towne, and from thence about his age of fourteen yeares he was sent by his parents to the University of Oxford, where, under the tuition and instruction of one Mr. Morgan, a great learned man, in a few yeares he so much profited in humanity and other recommendable knowledge, especially in Rhetorique and Histories, as that he was found to be fitt for the studie of the Civill Law, and thereupon was also elected into the fellowship [240] of All-soules Colledge in Oxford (where the same Lawe [241] hath alwayes much flourished). In which Colledge he ernestly studied and diligently applied himselfe to the lectures and exercise of the house, as that he there attained the degree of a Doctor of the Law Civill at his age of 25 yeares, and immediately after, he had bestowed on him the Queen's Publique Lecture of Law in the university, the which he read with so great a commendation as that his fame for learning and knowledge was spred far abroad and he also esteemed worthy to be called to action in the commonwealth. Wherefor, shortly after, he was made Judge Marshall of the Queen's armies at St. Quintins in France. Which warrs finished, he returned into England, and determining with himselfe, in more peaceable manner and according to his former education, to passe on the course of his life in the exercise of law, he became an advocate of the Arches, and so rested many yeares, but with such fame and credit as well for his rare skill and science in the [242] law, as also for his sound judgment and good experience therein, as that, of men of best judgment, he was generally accounted peerlesse in that facultie.
William Aubrey (the second son of Thomas Aubrey, the fourth son of Hopkin Aubrey from Abercunvrig in Brecon) passed away at around 66 years old on June 25, 1595. He was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, on the north side of the chancel, across from Sir John Mason's tomb, at the base of a large pillar on the highest step leading into the choir towards the tomb of the honorable Lord William, Earl of Pembroke. His funeral took place on July 23, 1595. In his youth, he learned the basics of grammar at Brecon College in Brecknock town. Around the age of fourteen, his parents sent him to the University of Oxford, where under the guidance of a highly learned man named Mr. Morgan, he quickly excelled in humanities and other valuable knowledge, particularly in rhetoric and history. He was deemed suitable for the study of Civil Law and was elected to the fellowship of All Souls College in Oxford, where this Law has always thrived. At this college, he dedicated himself earnestly to lectures and activities, earning the degree of Doctor of Civil Law by age 25. Soon after, he was appointed the Queen's Public Lecturer of Law at the university, which he delivered with such acclaim that his reputation for learning spread widely, and he was considered worthy of serving in the commonwealth. Shortly after, he was made Judge Marshall of the Queen's armies at St. Quintin’s in France. Once the wars were over, he returned to England, intending to live peacefully and pursue a legal career in line with his education. He became an advocate of the Arches and remained so for many years, gaining a reputation for his exceptional skill and knowledge in the law, along with sound judgment and good experience, leading many esteemed individuals to regard him as unmatched in that field.

[Pg 55]
[Pg 55]

Wherupon, as occasion fell out for imployment of a civilian, his service was often used as well within the realme as in forrein countries. In which imployments, he alwaies used such care and diligence and good circumspection, as that his valour and vertues dayly more appearing ministred means to his further advancement. In soe much that he was preferred to be one of the Councell of the Marches of Wales, and shortly after placed Master of the Chancery, and the appointed Judge of the Audience, and constituted Vicar Generall to the Lord Archbishop of through the whole province, and last, by the especiall grace of the queene's most excellent majestie, queen Elizabeth, he was taken to her highnesse nearer service and made one of the Masters of Request in ordinarie. All which titles and offices (the Mastership of Chancery, which seemed not competible with the office of Master of Requestes, only excepted) he by her princely favour possessed and enjoyed untill the time of his death. Besides the great learning and wisdome that this gentleman was plentifully endowed withall, Nature had also framed him so courteous of disposition and affable of speech, so sweet of conversation and amiable behaviour, that there was never any in his place better beloved all his life, nor he himselfe more especially favoured of her majestie and the greatest personages in the realme in any part of his life then he was when he drew nearest his death. He was of stature not taull, nor yet over-low, not grosse in bodie, and yet of good habit; somewhat inclining to fatnesse of visage in his youth; round, well favoured, well coloured and lovely; and albeit in his latter yeares sicknesse had much [243] impaired his strength and the freshnesse of his hew, yet there remained there still to the last in his countenance such comely and decent gravity, as that the change rather added unto them then ought diminished his former dignitie. He left behind him when he died, by a vertuouse gentlewoman Wilgiford his wife (the first daughter of Mr. John Williams of Tainton in the countie of Oxford, whom he[Pg 56] maried very young a maiden, and enjoyed to his death, that both having lived together in great love and kindnesse by the space of 40 yeares) three sons and six daughters, all of them maried, and having issue, as followeth [IX.].
As opportunities arose for employing a civilian, his services were frequently called upon both within the kingdom and in foreign lands. In these roles, he consistently demonstrated great care, diligence, and good judgment, which highlighted his bravery and virtues, leading to further advancements. He was appointed as a member of the Council of the Marches of Wales, and shortly after, he became the Master of the Chancery, the designated Judge of the Audience, and was appointed as Vicar General to the Lord Archbishop of across the whole province. Lastly, through the special favor of Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth, he was brought into closer service and named one of the Masters of Requests. All of these titles and positions (except for the Mastership of Chancery, which seemed incompatible with the Master of Requests role) were held by him through royal favor until his death. Besides being highly educated and wise, this gentleman was naturally courteous, friendly, and charming in conversation, making him well-loved throughout his life. He enjoyed a special favor from her Majesty and the most prominent figures in the kingdom, especially as he approached death. He was of average height—not too tall nor too short, well-built but not overly heavy; he had a slightly fuller face in his youth, round, handsome, well-colored, and lovable. Although illness had significantly weakened him in his later years and affected his appearance, a dignified and gracious presence remained until the end, which seemed to enhance rather than diminish his former dignity. He left behind three sons and six daughters by his virtuous wife, Wilgiford, the first daughter of Mr. John Williams of Tainton in Oxfordshire, whom he married young. They lived together in great love and kindness for 40 years until his death, and all their children were married and had descendants, as follows.

[IX.] Vide pedegre.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See pedigree.

His eldest son Edward, maried unto Joane, daughter and one of the heires of William Havard, in the countie of Brecon, esqre.
His eldest son Edward, married to Joane, daughter and one of the heirs of William Havard, in the county of Brecon, Esquire.

His second son Thomas maried Mary the daughter and heire of Anthony Maunsell of Llantrithed, in the com. of Glamorgan, esqre.
His second son Thomas married Mary, the daughter and heiress of Anthony Maunsell of Llantrithed, in the county of Glamorgan, Esq.

His 3d son John,[X.] being then of the age of 18 yeares (or much thereabouts), was maried to Rachel, one of the daughters of Richard Danvers of Tockenham, in com. Wilts, esqre.
His third son John,[X.] who was around 18 years old at the time, married Rachel, one of the daughters of Richard Danvers of Tockenham, in Wiltshire, esquire.

[X.] John Whitgift, archbishop of Canterbury, was his guardian, and the doctor's great friend. I have heard my grandmother say that her husband told her that his grace kept a noble house, and that with admirable order and oeconomie; and that there was not one woman in the family.—Vide the archbishop of Canterbury's case in Sir Edward Cooke's Reportes where he is mentioned.
[X.] John Whitgift, archbishop of Canterbury, was his guardian and a close friend of the doctor. I’ve heard my grandmother say that her husband told her that the archbishop maintained a noble household, with impressive order and management, and that there wasn’t a single woman in the family. —See the case of the archbishop of Canterbury in Sir Edward Cooke's Reports where he is mentioned.

His eldest daughter Elizabeth, maried to Thomas Norton of Norwood in the countie of Kent, esqre.
His eldest daughter Elizabeth, married to Thomas Norton of Norwood in the county of Kent, Esq.

His 2d daughter Mary maried William Herbert of Krickhowell, in the countie of Brecknock, esqre.
His second daughter Mary married William Herbert of Krickhowell, in the county of Brecknock, esquire.

His 3d daughter Joane maried with Sir Daniel Dun, knight, and Doctor of the Civill Lawe.
His third daughter Joane married Sir Daniel Dun, a knight and Doctor of Civil Law.

His 4th daughter Wilgiford maried to Rise Kemis of Llanvay, in the county of Monmouth, esqre.
His fourth daughter, Wilgiford, married Rise Kemis of Llanvay, in the county of Monmouth, Esq.

His 5th daughter Lucie maried to Hugh Powell, gent.
His fifth daughter, Lucie, married Hugh Powell, gentleman.

His 6th and youngest daughter Anne, maried to John Partridge, of Wishanger, in the countie of Glocester, esqre.
His sixth and youngest daughter Anne is married to John Partridge of Wishanger, in Gloucestershire, Esq.

Of every of the which since his death there hath proceeded a plentifull issue.
Of everything that has happened since his death, there has been a plentiful result.

Additions by Aubrey.

Memorandum:—he was one of the delegates (together with Dr. Dale, &c.) for the tryall of Mary, queen of Scots, and was a great stickler for the saving of her life, which kindnesse was remembred by King James att his comeing-in to England, who asked after [244] him, and probably [245] would [Pg 57]have made him Lord Keeper, but he dyed, as appeares, a little [246] before that good opportunity happened. His majestie sent for his sonnes [247], and knighted the two eldest, and invited them to court, which they modestly and perhaps prudently, declined. They preferred a country life.
Memorandum:—he was one of the delegates (along with Dr. Dale, etc.) for the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots, and he was a strong advocate for saving her life. This kindness was remembered by King James when he came into England, who inquired about him, and likely would have made him Lord Keeper, but he died just a little before that good opportunity arose. His Majesty sent for his sons and knighted the two eldest, inviting them to court, which they modestly and perhaps wisely declined. They preferred a rural life.

You may find him mentioned in the History of Mary, queen of Scotts, 8vo, written, I thinke, by Hayward; as also in Thuanus's Annales, which be pleased to see [AL] and insert his words here in honour to the Doctor's Manes. Dr. ... Zouch mentions him with respect in his De Jure Faeciali, pag....; and as I remember, he is quoted by Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, in his Reports, about the legitimacy of the earle of Hertford.[XI.] Quaere if it was Edward the father [AM], or els his son William, about the mariage with the ladie Arbella Stuart?
You might find him mentioned in the History of Mary, Queen of Scots, 8vo, written, I believe, by Hayward; as well as in Thuanus's Annales, which you can refer to [AL] and include his words here in honor of the Doctor's Manes. Dr. ... Zouch refers to him with respect in his De Jure Faeciali, pag....; and if I recall correctly, he is cited by Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, in his Reports, concerning the legitimacy of the Earl of Hertford.[XI.] You might want to ask whether it was Edward the father [AM], or else his son William, regarding the marriage with Lady Arbella Stuart?

[XI.] Memorandum: Mr. Shuter, the proctor, told me that the Doctor appealed to Rome about the earle of Hartford's suite, tempore reginae Elizabethae.
[XI.] Memorandum: Mr. Shuter, the proctor, let me know that the Doctor reached out to Rome regarding the Earl of Hartford's case during Queen Elizabeth's time.

[248][Johannes [249] David Rhesus M.D. makes an honourable mention of him in his Welsh grammar in folio, pag....; as also in his preface.]
[248][Johannes [249] David Rhesus M.D. gives him a notable mention in his Welsh grammar published in folio, page....; as well as in his introduction.]

[250][Linguae Cymraecae institutiones accuratae, J. David Rhoesus, folio, London, 1592, pag. 182 (quaere if he is not mentioned in the Welsh preface):—
[250][Accurate Institutions of the Welsh Language, J. David Rhoesus, folio, London, 1592, p. 182 (check if he is mentioned in the Welsh preface):—

Caeterum nunc et propter eorum authoritatem et quod huic loco inter alia maxime quadrent, non pigebit antiquissima Taliessini [AN] Cambrobrytannica carmina subjungere, furtim (quae mea est audacia) et eo nesciente, a me surrepta, et clanculum calamo commissa, ex ore, vesperi fortuitò juxta proprium ignem pro solito in sua cathedra considentis, et haec una cum aliis carminibus memoriter, et non sine delectatione quadam decora, proferentis, ornatissimi et doctissimi viri domini Gulielmi Aubraei, Cambrobrytanni ab illustrissima Aubraeorum familia oriundi, linguae Cambrobrytannicae peritissimi eximiique patriae suae decoris et ornamenti, Juris utriusque Doctoris celeberrimi, ac regiae majestati à Supplicum Libellis constituti Domini, et amici [Pg 58]optimi perpetuoque colendi, nobisque amicis jam strenuas et auxiliatrices manus porrigentis, qua citius et magis prospere elucubrationes hae ad nostratium et aliorum utilitatem proelo committebantur.
Caeterum nunc et propter eorum authoritatem et quod huic loco inter alia maxime quadrent, non pigebit antiquissima Taliessini [AN] Cambrobrytannica carmina subjungere, furtim (quae mea est audacia) et eo nesciente, a me surrepta, et clanculum calamo commissa, ex ore, vesperi fortuitò juxta proprium ignem pro solito in sua cathedra considentis, et haec una cum aliis carminibus memoriter, et non sine delectatione quadam decora, proferentis, ornatissimi et doctissimi viri domini Gulielmi Aubraei, Cambrobrytanni ab illustrissima Aubraeorum familia oriundi, linguae Cambrobrytannicae peritissimi eximiique patriae suae decoris et ornamenti, Juris utriusque Doctoris celeberrimi, ac regiae majestati à Supplicum Libellis constituti Domini, et amici [Pg 58]optimi perpetuoque colendi, nobisque amicis jam strenuas et auxiliatrices manus porrigentis, qua citius et magis prospere elucubrationes hae ad nostratium et aliorum utilitatem proelo committebantur.

Carmina vero sunt hujusmodi.]
Songs truly are like this.

[251]Memorandum:—old Judge Atkins [252] (the father) told me that the Portugall ambassador was tryed for his life for killing Mr. Greenway in the New Exchange (Oliver's time), upon the precedent of the bishop of Rosse (Scotch) by Dr. W. Aubrey's advice. Memorandum:—Dr. Cruzo [253] of Doctors Commons hath the MSS. of this bishop's tryall.
[251]Memorandum:—old Judge Atkins [252] (the father) told me that the Portuguese ambassador was tried for his life for killing Mr. Greenway in the New Exchange (during Oliver's time), based on the precedent of the Bishop of Rosse (Scottish) following Dr. W. Aubrey's advice. Memorandum:—Dr. Cruzo [253] of Doctors Commons has the manuscripts of this bishop's trial.

[254]De legati deliquentis judice competente dissertatio, autore Richardo Zoucheo, Juris Civilis professore Oxoniae, Oxon 1657, 12^mo, pag. 89:—
[254]On the Offender's Delegate Before the Competent Judge, by Richard Zouch, Professor of Civil Law at Oxford, Oxford 1657, 12^mo, p. 89:—

Quarto, quod cum episcopus Rossensis, legatus reginae Scotorum, multa turbulenter in Anglia fecisset ad rebellionem excitandam et ad Anglos in Belgio profugos ad Angliam invadendam inducendos, Davidi Lewiso, Valentino Dalo, Gulielmo Drurio, Gulielmo Awbreio, et Henrico Jones, Juris Caesarei consultissimis, quaestio proposita fuit An legatus, qui rebellionem contra principem ad quem legatus est concitat, legati privilegiis gaudeat et An, ut hostis, poenae subjaceat, eidem responderunt, ejusmodi legatum, jure gentium et civili Romanorum, omnibus legati privilegiis excidisse et poenae subjiciendum.
Quarto, when the Bishop of Ross, the queen of Scotland's envoy, had caused much turmoil in England to stir up rebellion and to incite the English refugees in Belgium to invade England, David Lewis, Valentin Dal, William Drury, William Aubrey, and Henry Jones, highly knowledgeable in Roman law, posed the question: Does an envoy who incites rebellion against the prince to whom he is sent benefit from envoy privileges and Is he subject to punishment as an enemy? They responded that such an envoy, according to international law and Roman civil law, has lost all envoy privileges and should be subject to punishment.

[255]He was a good statesman; and queen Elizabeth loved him and was wont to call him 'her little Doctor.' Sir Joseph Williamson, Principall Secretary of Estate (first, under-Secretary), haz told me that in the Letter-office are a great many letters of his to the queen and councell [256].
[255]He was a skilled politician, and Queen Elizabeth liked him, often referring to him as 'her little Doctor.' Sir Joseph Williamson, Principal Secretary of State (initially, under-Secretary), has informed me that in the Letter Office there are many letters from him to the queen and council [256].

He sate many times as Lord Keeper, durante bene placito, and made [257] many decrees, which Mr. Shuter, etc., told me they had seen.
He sat many times as Lord Keeper, during his pleasure, and made [257] many decrees, which Mr. Shuter, etc., told me they had seen.

Vide Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq.: he was principal of New Inne.
Vide Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq.: he was the head of New Inn.

Memorandum:—the Penkenol, i.e. chiefe of the family, [Pg 59]is my cosen Aubrey of Llannelly in Brecknockshire, of about 60 or 80 li. per annum inheritance; and the Doctor should have given a distinction; for want of which in a badge on one of his servants' blew-coates, his cosen William Aubrey [258], also LL. Dr., who was the chiefe, plucked it off.
Memorandum:—the Penkenol, meaning head of the family, [Pg 59]is my cousin Aubrey of Llannelly in Brecknockshire, with an inheritance of around 60 or 80 li. a year; and the Doctor should have made a distinction; because of which, on one of his servants' blue coats, his cousin William Aubrey [258], also a Doctor of Laws, who was the head, tore it off.

The learned John Dee was his great friend and kinsman, as I find by letters between them in the custody of Elias Ashmole, esqre, viz., John Dee wrote a booke The Soveraignty of the Sea, dedicated to queen Elizabeth, which was printed, in folio. Mr. Ashmole hath it, and also the originall copie of John Dee's hand writing, and annexed to it is a lettre of his cosen Dr. William Aubrey [259], whose advise he desired in his writing on that subject.
The learned John Dee was his great friend and relative, as I found in letters between them held by Elias Ashmole, Esq. John Dee wrote a book called The Sovereignty of the Sea, dedicated to Queen Elizabeth, which was printed in folio. Mr. Ashmole has it, along with the original manuscript of John Dee's handwriting, and attached to it is a letter from his cousin Dr. William Aubrey [259], whose advice he sought for his writing on that subject.

He purchased Abercunvrig (the ancient seate of the family) of his cosen Aubrey. He built the great house at Brecknock, his studie lookes on the river Uske. He could ride nine miles together in his owne land in Breconshire. In Wales and England he left 2500 li. per annum wherof there is now none left in the family. He made one Hugh George (his chiefe clark) his executor, who ran away into Ireland and cosened all the legatees, and among others my grandfather (his youngest son) for the addition of whose estate he had contracted with.... for Pembridge castle in the com. of Hereford, which appeares by his will, and for which his executor was to have payed. He made a deed of entaile (36 Eliz., 15<94>) which is also mentioned in his will, wherby he entailes the Brecon estate on the issue male of his eldest son, and in defailer, to skip the 2d son (for whom he had well provided, and had maried a great fortune) and to come to the third. Edward the eldest had seaven sonnes; and his eldest son, Sir William, had also seaven sonnes; and so I am heire, being the 18th man in remainder, which putts me in mind of Dr. Donne,
He bought Abercunvrig (the old family seat) from his cousin Aubrey. He built the big house in Brecknock, and his study looks out over the Uske River. He could ride nine miles across his own land in Breconshire. In Wales and England, he left 2,500 li. a year, but now nothing is left for the family. He appointed Hugh George (his chief clerk) as his executor, who ran off to Ireland and swindled all the beneficiaries, including my grandfather (his youngest son). He had made arrangements for the addition of my grandfather's estate for Pembridge Castle in the county of Hereford, as shown in his will, for which his executor was supposed to pay. He executed a deed of entail (36 Eliz., 15<94>) that is also referenced in his will, which entailed the Brecon estate to the male heirs of his eldest son. In case of failure, it was to skip the second son (whom he had already well provided for and who had married into a wealthy family) and go to the third. Edward, the eldest, had seven sons; and his eldest son, Sir William, also had seven sons; and so I am the heir, being the 18th in line, which reminds me of Dr. Donne.

For what good does it do To be the twentieth man in an entail?

[Pg 60]
[Pg 60]

Old Judge Sir Atkins remembred Dr. A. when he was a boy; he lay at his father's house in Glocestershire: he kept his coach, which was rare in those dayes. The Judge told me they then (vulgarly) called it a Quitch. I have his originall picture. He had a delicate, quick, lively and piercing black eie, fresh complexion, and a severe eie browe. The figure in his monument at St. Paules is not like him, it is too big.
Old Judge Sir Atkins remembered Dr. A. when he was a boy; he stayed at his father’s house in Gloucestershire. He owned a coach, which was rare back then. The Judge told me they used to call it a Quitch. I have his original portrait. He had a delicate, quick, lively, and piercing black eye, a fresh complexion, and a serious brow. The figure on his monument at St. Paul’s doesn’t resemble him; it’s too large.

Heroum filii noxae: he engrossed all the witt of the family, so that none descended from him can pretend to any. 'Twas pitty that Dr. Fuller had not mentioned him amongst his Worthys in that countie.
Heroum filii noxae: he took all the intelligence from the family, so that none of his descendants can claim any. It’s a shame that Dr. Fuller didn’t include him among his Worthys in that county.

When he lay dyeing, he desired them to send for a goodman; they thought he meant Dr. Goodman, deane of St. Paules, but he meant a priest, as I have heard my cosen John Madock say. Capt. Pugh was wont to say that civilians (as most learned an gent.) naturally incline to the church of Rome; and the common lawyers, as more ignorant and clownish, to the church of Geneva.
When he was dying, he asked them to call for a goodman; they thought he was asking for Dr. Goodman, the dean of St. Paul's, but he actually meant a priest, as I heard my cousin John Madock say. Capt. Pugh used to say that civilians (as most educated gentlemen are) naturally lean towards the Roman Church, while common lawyers, being more ignorant and rustic, tend towards the Church of Geneva.

Wilgiford, his relict, maried ... Browne, of Willey, in com. Surrey.
Wilgiford, his widow, married ... Browne, of Willey, in Surrey.

The inscription on his monument in St. Paul's church:—
The inscription on his monument in St. Paul's church:—

Gulielmo Aubreo clara familia in Breconia orto, LL. in Oxonia Doctori, ac Regio Professori, Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis causarum Auditori et Vicario in spiritualibus Generali, Exercitus Regii ad St. Quentin Supremo Juridico, in Limitaneum Walliae Consilium adscito, Cancellariae Magistro, et Reginae Elizabethae à supplicum libellis: Viro exquisita eruditione, singulari prudentia, et moribus suavissimis qui (tribus filiis, et sex filiabus e Wilgiforda uxore susceptis), aeternam in Christo vitam expectans, animam Deo xxiii Julii 1595, aetatis suae 66, placidè reddidit;
Gulielmo Aubreo, born into a distinguished family in Brecon, earned his LL. in Oxford. He was a Doctor and the Royal Professor, Auditor of the Archbishop of Canterbury's causes, and General Vicar in spiritual matters. He served as the Supreme Jurist of the Royal Army at St. Quentin, was appointed to the Border council of Wales, held the position of Master of the Chancery, and was involved in petitions for Queen Elizabeth. He was a man of exceptional education, remarkable wisdom, and the sweetest character, who, having had three sons and six daughters with his wife Wilgiforda, passed away peacefully, expecting eternal life in Christ, on July 23, 1595, at the age of 66.

Optimo patri Edvardus et Thomas, milites, ac Johannes, armiger, filii moestissimi, posuerunt.
Optimo father Edward and Thomas, knights, and John, squire, the very sad sons, set up.

[260]This Dr. W. Aubrey was related to the first William, earl of Pembroke, two wayes (as appeares by comparing the old pedegre at Wilton with that of the Aubreys); by Melin and Philip ap Elider (the Welsh men are all kinne);[Pg 61] and it is exceeding probable that the earle was instrumentall in his rise. When the earl of Pembroke was generall at St. Quintins in France, Dr. Aubrey was his judge advocat. In the Doctor's will is mention of a great piece of silver plate, the bequest of the right hon^ble the earle of Pembroke.
[260]Dr. W. Aubrey was related to the first William, earl of Pembroke, in two ways (as shown by comparing the old pedigree at Wilton with that of the Aubreys); through Melin and Philip ap Elider (the Welsh are all related);[Pg 61] and it is highly likely that the earl played a significant role in his rise. When the earl of Pembroke was general at St. Quintin in France, Dr. Aubrey served as his judge advocate. In the Doctor's will, there is mention of a large piece of silver plate, a bequest from the right honorable the earl of Pembroke.

... Stephens, the clarke of St. Benets, Paules Wharfe, tells me that Dr. W. Aubrey gave xxs. per annum for ever to that parish.
... Stephens, the clerk of St. Benets, Paules Wharfe, tells me that Dr. W. Aubrey gave £20 per year forever to that parish.

[261]Vide the register of St. Benet's, Paule's Wharfe—quaere. Stephens, the clark, sayeth that he gave xxs. per annum to the parish of St. Benet's, Paule's wharfe, for ever: quaere.
[261]Check the records of St. Benet's, Paul's Wharf—ask about it. Stephens, the clerk, says he donated 20 shillings a year to the parish of St. Benet's, Paul's Wharf, forever: ask about it.

[262]Sir Andrew Joyner of Bigods in Much Dunmow parish in Essex hath two folios, stitcht, of manuscript letters of state, wherin are two letters of Dr. William Aubrey's to secretary Walsingham, and also lettres of queen Elizabeth's owne handwriting to Cecill; also Liber St^ae Mariae de Reding, a MS.; and other MSS.,—a long shelfe of them—one of them writt tempore Henr. IV. This I had from Mr. Andrew Paschal, rector of Chedzoy, Somerset.
[262]Sir Andrew Joyner of Bigods in Much Dunmow parish in Essex has two bound volumes of manuscript state letters, which include two letters from Dr. William Aubrey to Secretary Walsingham, as well as letters in Queen Elizabeth's own handwriting to Cecil. There is also Liber St^ae Mariae de Reding, a manuscript, and a long shelf of other manuscripts—one of them written during the time of Henry IV. I received this from Mr. Andrew Paschal, rector of Chedzoy, Somerset.

<Letter by Dr. W. Aubrey: supra, p. 59.>

[263]My good coosen,

[263]My good cousin,

I have sente unto you again my yonge coosen [264] inclosede in a bagge, as my wyffe cariethe yet one of myne; trustinge in God, that shortly both, in theyr severall kyndes, shall come to lyght and live long, and your's having genium, for ever. I knowe not, for lack of sufficiencie of witte and learninge, how to judge of it at all. But in that shadowe of judgemente that I have, truste me beinge vearie farre from meanynge to yelde any thyng, to your owne eares, of yourselfe. The matter dothe so strive with the manner of the handlinge that I am in dowpte whyther I shall preferre the matter for the sub[Pg 62]stance, weyght, and pythines of the multitude of argumentes and reasones, or the manner for the methode, order, perspicuitie, and elocution, in that height and loftynesse that I did nott beleve our tonge (I meane the Englyshe) to be capable of. Marie, our Brittishe, for the riches of the tonge, in my affectionate opinion, is more copious and more advawntageable to utter any thinge by a skillfull artificer. This navie which you aptlie, accordinge to the nature and meaninge of your platt, call pettie, is so sette furthe by you, thos principall and royall navies of the Grecianes and Trojanes described by Homer and Vergill are no more bownde to them, then it is to you.
I have sent you again my young cousin [264] enclosed in a bag, just like my wife carries one of mine; trusting in God that soon both, in their different forms, will come to light and last long, and yours having genius, forever. I don’t know, due to my lack of sufficient wit and knowledge, how to evaluate it at all. But with the little judgment I have, trust me, I’m very far from meaning to yield anything to your own ears about yourself. The subject struggles so much with the way it’s being handled that I’m in doubt whether I should prefer the subject for its substance, weight, and depth of the multitude of arguments and reasons, or the manner for the method, order, clarity, and expression, in that height and loftiness that I never believed our language (I mean English) could reach. However, our British language, in my heartfelt opinion, is richer and more advantageous for expressing anything by a skilled artisan. This fleet, which you aptly call small according to the nature and meaning of your design, is so presented by you that those principal and royal fleets of the Greeks and Trojans described by Homer and Virgil are no more bound to them than they are to you.

You argue or rather thoondre so thicke and so strong for the necessitie and commoditie of your navie, that you leade or rather drawe me obtorto collo to be of opinion with you, the benefitte therofe to be suche as it wilbe a brydle and restreynte for conspiracies of foreyne nationes, and of owre owne a salfegarde to merchants from infestationes of pyrates; a readie meane to breed and augmente noombers of skillfull marryners and sowldiers for the sea, a mayntynawnce in proces of tyme for multitudes of woorthie men that otherwise wolde be ydle. Who can denie, as you handle the matter, and as it is in trothe, but that it will be a terror to all princes for attemptinge of any soodeyne invasions,[265] and hable readilie to withstande any attempte foreyne or domesticall by sea? And where this noble realme hath ben long defamede for suffringe of pyrates disturbers of the common traffyke upon these seas, yt will, as you trulye prove, utterlie extingwishe the incorrigible, and occupie the reformed in that honourable service.
You argue, or rather insist, so strongly and so convincingly for the necessity and benefit of your navy that you practically persuade me to agree with you. The benefits are such that it will serve as a deterrent against conspiracies from foreign nations, and it will protect our merchants from pirate attacks; it’s an effective way to train and increase the number of skilled sailors and soldiers for the sea, and over time, it will provide support for many worthy individuals who would otherwise be idle. Who can deny, as you present it, and as it truly is, that it will be a threat to all princes considering sudden invasions, and that it will be fully capable of withstanding any foreign or domestic attempts by sea? And since this noble realm has long been criticized for allowing pirates to disrupt trade on these waters, it will, as you rightly demonstrate, completely eliminate the unmanageable and engage the reformed in that honorable service.

The indignitie that this realme hath long borne in the fyshinge rownde aboute yt, with the intolerable injuries that owre nation hath indurede and doe still, at strangers handes, besides the greatnes of the commoditie that they take owte of our mowthes, hath ben, and is suche, that the same almoste alone were cause sufficiente to furnishe your[Pg 63] navie if it may have that successe and consideration that it deserveth, it will be a better wache for the securitie of the state than all the intelligencers or becones that may be devisede: and a stronger wall and bulwarke than either Calleys was, or a brase of such townes placed in the most convenient parte of any continente of France, or the Lowe-countrey. As her majestie of right is totius orbis Britannici domina, et lex maris, whiche is given in the reste of the worlde by Labro in our learning to Antoninus the Emperor, so she showlde have the execution and effect therof in our worlde, yf your navie were as well setled as you have plottede it. But what doe I by this bare recitall deface your reasones so eloquentlie garnishede by you with the furniture of so much and so sundrie lernynge? I will of purpose omitt howe fully and howe substantially you confute the stronge objectiones and argumentes that you inforce and presse againste your selfe. I wolde God all men wolde as willinglie beare the light burdynes that you lay upon them for the supportation of the chardges as you have wiselie and reasonablie devisede the same. And so the dearthe and scarsitie that curiouse or covetouse men may pretende to [266] feare, you so sowndlie satisfie, that it is harde with any probabilitie to replie. As for the sincere handlinge and govermente it is not to be disperede yf the charge shall be with good ordinawnces and instructiones placede carefullie in chosen persones of good credite and integritie. See howe boldlie upon one soodeyne readinge I powre my opinion to your bosome of this your notable and strange discowrse. And yet I will make bold to censure it also as he dyd in the poore slipper when he was nott able to fynd any faulte in any one parte of the workemanship of the noble picture of that goddes. I pray you, Sir, seyinge you meane that your navie shall contynewe in time of peace furnishede with your noombre of men, what provision or ordre make you, howe they shall occupie and exercise themselves all the while? Assure your selfe those whelpes of yours neyther can nor will be[Pg 64] ydle, and excepte it may please you to prescribe unto them some good occupation and exercise, they will occupie themselves in occupationes of their owne choice, wherof few shall be to your lykinge or meanynge. Peradventure you meane of purpose to reserve that to the consideration of the state. And where you in vearie good proportion, lawierlike, share goodes taken by pyrates amonge sundrie persones of your navie, and some portion to itselfe, reservinge the moytie to the prince, you are to remembre that the same are challenged holly to belong to her highnesse by prerogative. Let me be also bold to offer to your consideration whether it be expedient for you so freely to deale with the carryinge of ordinawnces out of the realme beinge a matter lately pecuted [267] by the knowledge et convenientia of, etc. You doe, to veary great purpose inserte the two orationes of Georgius Gemistus Plethon, the one to Emanuel by fragments, and the other to his sonne Theodore ad verbum, for the worthynes and varietye of many wise and sownd advises given by him to those princes in a hard tyme, when they were in feare of that Turkish conquest, that did after followe to the ruine of that empire of Constantinople. However well doeth he handle the differences and rates of customes and tributes, the moderate and sober use of apparell in ipsis principibus! How wisely doethe [268] he condemne the takeinge up of all the newe attires and apparell of strange nations, as though he had written to us at this tyme, who doe offende as deepely therein as the Greekes then dyd! How franke is he to his prince in useinge the comparisone between the Eagle that hath no varietie of colours of feathers, and yet of a princelie nature and estimation, and the Peocock, a bird of no regall propertie nor credit yet glisteringe angelically with varietie of feathers of all lively colours. There is one sentence in the later oration which I have thought to note because in apparence it dothe oppugne in a maner your treatise. The wordes [Pg 65]are these, Prestat longè terrestribus copiis ac militum et ducum virtute, quàm nautarum et similium hominum vilium arte, fiduciam ponere.
The disgrace that this realm has endured for so long in its fishing activities, along with the unbearable injuries our nation has suffered and continues to suffer at the hands of foreigners, not to mention the significant goods they extract from our mouths, has been and is such that these alone would be sufficient reasons to support your[Pg 63] navy. If it receives the success and attention it deserves, it would provide greater security for the state than all the intelligence reports or signals that could be devised. It would serve as a stronger wall and defense than either Calais or any collection of towns strategically placed in any part of the continent of France or the Low Countries. As Her Majesty is rightfully the ruler of the whole British world and the law of the sea, a title given in the rest of the world by Labro in our studies to Emperor Antoninus, she should have the execution and impact of that title in our realm, if your navy were as well established as you have planned. But what do I do by merely restating this to undermine your eloquently crafted arguments supported by a wealth of diverse knowledge? I will intentionally omit how fully and substantially you counter the strong objections and arguments you pose against yourself. I wish all men would willingly bear the light burdens you place upon them for the sake of supporting the costs, as you have wisely and reasonably devised them. And so, the scarcity and lack that greedy or covetous men may pretend to fear, you satisfy so convincingly that it is hard to respond with any credibility. Regarding the honest management and governance, it should not be dismissed if the responsibility is assigned with good regulations and instructions carefully placed in selected individuals of good reputation and integrity. Look how boldly, after just one reading, I share my thoughts with you on this notable and strange discussion. Yet, I will also be bold in my judgment, just as he did in "The Poor Slipper," when he couldn’t find any faults in any part of that noble artwork. I ask you, Sir, if you intend for your navy to remain prepared during peacetime with a certain number of men, what provisions or orders will you establish for how they should engage and occupy themselves? You can rest assured that those pups of yours can neither be nor will want to be[Pg 64] idle, and unless you kindly provide them with some good occupation and exercise, they will engage in activities of their own choosing, few of which will align with your liking or intentions. Perhaps you purposefully want to reserve that for the state's consideration. And where you justly and proportionately distribute goods taken from pirates among various members of your navy, keeping a portion for yourself while reserving half for the crown, you must remember that these are completely claimed by Her Highness through prerogative. Let me be bold enough to suggest whether it's wise for you to manage the carrying out of ordinances from the realm, a matter recently pursued [267] with the knowledge of, etc. You wisely insert the two speeches by Georgius Gemistus Plethon, the one to Emanuel in fragments, and the other to his son Theodore word for word, for the worth and variety of the many wise and sound pieces of advice he gave those princes during a difficult time, when they feared the impending Turkish conquest that later led to the fall of the empire of Constantinople. How well he handles the differences and rates of customs and tributes, the moderate and sensible use of apparel among the princes themselves! How wisely does [268] he condemn the adoption of all the new styles and attire of foreign nations, as if he were writing to us at this time, who offend just as deeply in this regard as the Greeks did then! How frank is he with his prince by comparing the Eagle, which has no variety of feather colors yet holds a princely nature and reputation, to the Peacock, a bird lacking royal qualities or worth yet shimmering angelically with a range of bright feather colors. There is one sentence in the later speech that I thought to mention because, at first glance, it seems to oppose your treatise. The words are: It is far better to rely on the land forces and the valor of soldiers and leaders than on the skills of sailors and other similar lowly men.

Good coosen, pardon my boldnes. I doe this bicause you may understande that I have roone over it. And yet was I abrode all the fowle day yesterday. I pray you pardon me agayne for nott sendinge of it to you accordinge to promisse. And for that your man is come, and for that I have spente all my paper, I will no longer trowble you at this tyme, savinge with my right heartie commendations to your selfe and to my coosen your good mother from me and from my woman. From Kewe this Soonday in the morninge, the 28 of July.
Dear cousin, please forgive my boldness. I'm doing this because I want you to know that I’ve given it some thought. Yet, I was out all day yesterday. I ask you to forgive me again for not sending it to you as promised. Since your servant has come and I've run out of paper, I won’t trouble you further at this time, except to send my warmest regards to you and to my cousin, your good mother, from me and my wife. From Kew this Sunday morning, the 28th of July.

Yours assuredlie at commawndement,

W. Aubrey.

To his verie lovinge coosen and assured
freende Mr. John Dee, at Mortelake.

Best regards,

W. Aubrey

To his very loving cousin and trusted
friend Mr. John Dee, in Mortlake.

Notes.

[AJ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'in the 1 and 6, gules [269], a chevron between 3 eagles heads erased or [Aubrey]; in the 2, ..., a lion rampant ...; in the 3, ..., a chevron between 3 (lions'?) paws ...; in the 4, ..., three cocks gules; and in the 5, parted per pale ... and ..., 3 fleur-de-lys counter-changed.' The crest is 'an eagle's head erased or [Aubrey].'
[AJ] Aubrey describes the coat of arms:—'in the 1 and 6, red (gules)[269], a chevron between three eagle heads cut off (erased) in gold (or) [Aubrey]; in the 2, ..., a lion standing (rampant) ...; in the 3, ..., a chevron between three (lion's?) paws ...; in the 4, ..., three red (gules) roosters; and in the 5, divided vertically (parted per pale) ... and ..., three fleur-de-lis alternately colored (counter-changed).' The crest is described as 'an eagle's head cut off (erased) in gold (or) [Aubrey].'

[AK] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7, is the memorandum:—'Insert ♡ to Liber B.'—'Liber B.' was a volume of antiquarian notes, collected by Aubrey, now lost (Macray's Annals of the Bodleian, p. 367). Aubrey wanted to copy into it something from this MS. ♡. Two other memoranda in the same place are:—(a) 'William Aubrey, LL.D.: extract out of De jure feciali, and De legati deliquentis judice competente, by Dr. Zouch,' as is done supra, p. 58; (b) 'Memorandum the xx s. per annum bread at St. Benet's, Paul's wharf'; see supra, p. 61.
[AK] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7, there is a note:—'Insert ♡ into Liber B.'—'Liber B.' was a collection of historical notes compiled by Aubrey, which is now lost (Macray's Annals of the Bodleian, p. 367). Aubrey intended to copy something from this MS. ♡ into it. Two other notes in the same section are:—(a) 'William Aubrey, LL.D.: extract from De jure feciali, and De legati deliquentis Judice Competente, by Dr. Zouch,' as detailed supra, p. 58; (b) 'Note: the xx s. per year for bread at St. Benet's, Paul's Wharf'; see supra, p. 61.

Aubrey, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 119, writing to Anthony Wood on Aug. 29, 1676, says:—'This day accidentally Mr. St. George shewed me my grandfather, Dr. William Aubrey's, life in their office' , 'written, I suppose, by Sir Daniel Dun, his son-in-lawe. He came to Oxon at 14, and was LL. Dr. at 25.'
Aubrey, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 119, writing to Anthony Wood on Aug. 29, 1676, says:—'Today, by chance, Mr. St. George showed me my grandfather, Dr. William Aubrey's, life in their office' i.e. the College of Arms, 'which I think was written by Sir Daniel Dun, his son-in-law. He came to Oxford at 14 and became an LL.D. at 25.'

[AL] Aubrey was very enthusiastic about these notices of his grandfather. Writing to Anthony Wood, on May 19, 1668 (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 118), he says:—'My grandfather Dr. William Aubrey—Thuanus in his Annales makes an honourable mention of him, and also it is set downe in the life of Mary, queen of Scotts (he being one of the commissioners) that he was very jealous of her being putt to death—which the chroniclers mention too I'me sure, and Stow. If you would be pleased to turne to Thuanus and the life aforesaid you very much oblige me, and you shall have a payre of gloves, for his sake.'
[AL] Aubrey was really excited about these notices of his grandfather. Writing to Anthony Wood on May 19, 1668 (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 118), he says:—'My grandfather Dr. William Aubrey—Thuanus in his Annales gives him a good mention, and it's also noted in the life of Mary, Queen of Scots (since he was one of the commissioners) that he was very concerned about her being executed—which the chroniclers, like Stow, also mention, I'm sure. If you could take a look at Thuanus and that mentioned life, I would really appreciate it, and I'll get you a pair of gloves, for his sake.'

[AM] Edward Seymour, created earl of Hertford in 1559, had in 1553 married secretly Katherine, daughter of Henry Grey, duke of Suffolk. In 1561 Elizabeth sent them prisoners to the Tower, and the marriage was disputed in the law-courts. William Seymour, his grandson, who succeeded as 2nd earl in 1621, married in 1610 Arabella Stuart. She was sent prisoner to the Tower by James I: but Dr. W. Aubrey had died in 1595.
[AM] Edward Seymour, who became the Earl of Hertford in 1559, secretly married Katherine, the daughter of Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk, in 1553. In 1561, Elizabeth imprisoned them in the Tower, and their marriage was challenged in the courts. William Seymour, his grandson, who took over as the 2nd Earl in 1621, married Arabella Stuart in 1610. She was imprisoned in the Tower by James I; however, Dr. W. Aubrey had passed away in 1595.

[AN] Aubrey, in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, has a note:—'Meredith Lloyd respondet that Telesinus (Teliessen) was a British priest to whom Gildas writes.'
[AN] Aubrey, in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, has a note:—'Meredith Lloyd responds that Telesinus (Teliessen) was a British priest to whom Gildas writes.'

[Pg 66]
[Pg 66]

Francis Bacon (1561-1626).

<His coat of arms.>

[270]Quarterly, on the 1 and 4, gules on a chief argent two mullets sable [Bacon], on the 2 and 3, barry of six or and azure, over all a bend gules [ ...], a crescent on the fesse point for difference; impaling, sable, a cross engrailed between 4 crescents argent, a crescent sable on the fesse point [Barnham].
[270]Quarterly, on the 1st and 4th, red on a silver chief with two black stars [Bacon], on the 2nd and 3rd, striped in six gold and blue, over all a red diagonal stripe [ ...], a crescent on the center point for difference; combined with, black, a cross with curved edges between 4 silver crescents, a black crescent on the center point [Barnham].

<Miscellaneous Notes.>

[271]Chancellor Bacon:—The learned and great cardinal Richelieu was a great admirer of the lord Bacon.
[271]Chancellor Bacon:—The knowledgeable and influential Cardinal Richelieu was a big fan of Lord Bacon.

So was Monsieur Balzac: e.g. les Oeuvres diverses, dissertation sur un tragedie, à Monsieur Huygens de Zuylichen, p. 158—'Croyons, pour l'amour du chancilier Bacon, que toutes les folies des anciens sont sages et tous leur songes mysteries.'
So was Monsieur Balzac: for example, les Oeuvres diverses, essay on a tragedy, to Monsieur Huygens de Zuylichen, p. 158—'Let’s believe, for the sake of Chancellor Bacon, that all the follies of the ancients are wise and all their dreams are mysteries.'

Quaere if I have inserted [272] his irrigation in the spring showres.
Quaere if I have included [272] his irrigation in the spring showers.

Vide Court of King James by Sir Anthony Welden, where is an account of his being viceroy here when the king was in Scotland, and gave audience to ambassadors in the banquetting-house.
Vide Court of King James by Sir Anthony Welden, where there is a description of his time as viceroy while the king was in Scotland, and he hosted ambassadors in the banquet hall.

[273]Lord Chancellor Bacon:—Memorandum, this Oct. 1681, it rang over all St. Albans that Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolles, had removed the coffin of this most renowned Lord Chancellour to make roome for his owne to lye-in in the vault there at St. Michael's church.
[273]Lord Chancellor Bacon:—Memo, October 1681, it spread throughout St. Albans that Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls, had moved the coffin of this highly esteemed Lord Chancellor to make space for his own to be buried in the vault at St. Michael's church.

[274]Sir Francis Bacon, knight, baron of Verulam and [Pg 67]viscount of St. Albans, and Lord High Chancellor of England:—vide his life writt by Dr. William Rawley before Baconi Resuscitatio, in folio.
[274]Sir Francis Bacon, knight, baron of Verulam, viscount of St. Albans, and Lord High Chancellor of England:—see his life written by Dr. William Rawley before Baconi Resuscitatio, in folio.

<His admirers and acquaintances.>

It appeares by this following inscription that Mr. Jeremiah Betenham of Graye's Inne was his lordship's intimate and dearely beloved friend. This inscription is on the freeze of the summer house on the mount in the upper garden of Grayes Inne, built by the Lord Chancellor Bacon. The north side of the inscription is now perished [275]. The fane was a Cupid drawing his bowe.
It appears from the following inscription that Mr. Jeremiah Betenham of Gray's Inn was his lordship's close and dearly beloved friend. This inscription is on the frieze of the summer house on the hill in the upper garden of Gray's Inn, built by Lord Chancellor Bacon. The north side of the inscription has now deteriorated [275]. The figure depicted was a Cupid drawing his bow.

Franciscus Bacon, Regis Solicitator Generalis, executor testamenti Jeremie Betenham nuper lectoris hujus hospitii, viri innocentis et abstinentis et contemplativi, hanc sedem in memoriam ejusdem Jeremie extruxit, anno Domini, 1609.
Francis Bacon, the King's Solicitor General, built this seat in memory of Jeremy Betenham, a recent reader of this college, a man of innocence, self-control, and contemplation, in the year of our Lord, 1609.

In his lordship's prosperity Sir Fulke Grevil, lord Brookes, was his great friend and acquaintance; but when he was in disgrace and want, he was so unworthy as to forbid his butler to let him have any more small beer, which he had often sent for, his stomach being nice, and the small beere of Grayes Inne not liking his pallet. This has donne his memorie more dishonour then Sir Philip Sydney's friendship engraven on his monument hath donne him honour. Vide ... History, and (I thinke) Sir Anthony Weldon.
In his lordship's success, Sir Fulke Grevil, Lord Brookes, was a close friend and acquaintance; but when he fell from grace and faced hardships, he acted ungratefully by ordering his butler not to serve him any more small beer, which he often requested due to his delicate stomach, as he found the small beer from Gray's Inn unpalatable. This has tarnished his reputation more than the honor that Sir Philip Sidney's friendship, inscribed on his monument, has brought him. Vide ... History, and (I think) Sir Anthony Weldon.

... Faucet, of Marybon in the county of Middlesex, esqr., was his friend and acquaintance, as appeares by this letter which I copied from his owne handwriting (an elegant Roman hand). 'Tis in the hands of Walter Charlton, M.D., who begged it not long since of Mr. Faucet's grandsonne.
... Faucet, from Marybon in Middlesex, was his friend and acquaintance, as shown by this letter I copied from his own handwriting (an elegant Roman style). It's now with Walter Charlton, M.D., who recently asked Mr. Faucet's grandson for it.

[276]
[276]

[277]Richard [278], earle of Dorset, was a great admirer and friend of the lord chancellor Bacon, and was wont to have Sir Thomas Billingsley [279] along with him to remember and to putt-down in writing my lord's sayings at table.
[277]Richard [278], Earl of Dorset, was a big fan and friend of Lord Chancellor Bacon, and often had Sir Thomas Billingsley [279] with him to remember and write down my lord's remarks at the table.

[Pg 68]
[Pg 68]

Edward, lord Herbert of Cherbery.
Edward, Lord Herbert of Cherbury.

John Dun [280], dean of Paul's.
John Dun__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, dean of Paul's.

George Herbert.
George Herbert.

Mr. Ben: Johnson was one of his friends and acquaintance, as doeth appeare by his excellent verses on his lordship's birth-day in his second volume, and in his Underwoods, where he gives him a character and concludes that 'about his time, and within his view were borne all the witts that could honour a nation or help studie.'
Mr. Ben: Johnson was one of his friends and acquaintances, as is evident from his excellent poems about his lordship's birthday in his second volume, and in his Underwoods, where he portrays him and concludes that 'around his time, and within his sight, all the talents that could honor a nation or aid learning were born.'

[281]Lord Bacon's birth-day: Underwoods, p. 222.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Lord Bacon's birthday: Underwoods, p. 222.

Haile, joyful genius of this ancient structure,
Why does everything seem to smile at you? The fire, the wine, the guys! And in the middle You stand as if you did something mysterious!
Sorry, I can see it on your face, the day, For whose returns, and for many, all these pray:
And so do I. This is the sixtieth year.
Since Bacon, and my lord, was born, and here, Sonne to the grave wise Keeper of the Seal,
Fame and foundation of the English realm.
What his father was, he is now. Now with a title that's more fitting,
England's High Chancellor, the destined heir In the gentle cradle of his father's chair,
Whose even thread the Fates spin around and complete From their finest and whitest wool. It's a wonderful cause for joy; let it be known,
If it were a narrow happiness, keep it to yourself. Give me a deep-crowned bowl so I can sing. In raising him, the wisdom of my king.

Discoveries, p. 101.
Findings, p. 101.

Yet there happened in my time one noble speaker [XII.] who was full of gravity in his speaking. His language (where he could spare or passe-by a jest) was nobly censorious. No man ever [282] spake more neatly, more presly, more weightily, or suffered lesse emptinesse, lesse idlenesse, in what he utter'd. No member of his speech but consisted of the owne graces: his hearers could not cough, or looke aside from him, without losse. He commanded where he spoke; and had his judges angry, and pleased, at his devotion. No [Pg 69]man had their affections more in his power. The feare of every man that heard him was lest he should make an end.
Yet during my time, there was one impressive speaker [XII.] who spoke with great seriousness. His language, when he chose to make a joke, was elegantly critical. No one ever [282] spoke more clearly, directly, or with more weight, and he rarely suffered from emptiness or idleness in his words. Every part of his speech had its own charm: his listeners couldn’t cough or look away from him without feeling like they were missing out. He commanded attention when he spoke, and he could make his audience both angry and pleased with his passion. No one had their emotions more under his control. Everyone who listened to him feared that he might finish.

[XII.] Dominus Verulanus.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Lord Verulanus.

Cicero is sayd to be the only wit that the people of Rome had, equall'd to their empire, ingenium par imperio. We had many, and in their severall ages (to take in but the former seculum) Sir Thomas Moore, the elder Wiat, Henry, earle of Surrey, Chaloner, Smith, Eliot, bishop Gardiner, were for their times admirable; Sir Nicholas Bacon was singular and almost alone in the beginning of queen Elizabeth's times; Sir Philip Sydney and Mr. Hooker (in different matter) grew great masters of wit and language and in whom all vigour of invention and strength of judgment met; the earle of Essex, noble and high; and Sir Walter Rawleigh, not to be contemn'd either for judgement or stile; Sir Henry Savile, grave and truly letter'd; Sir Edwin Sandys, excellent in both; lord Egerton, the Chancellour, a grave and great orator, and best when he was provoked; but his learned and able (though unfortunate) successor is he who hath fill'd up all numbers, and performed that in our tongue which may be compar'd or preferr'd either to insolent Greece or haughty Rome. In short, within his view, and about his times, were all the wits borne that could honour a language or helpe study. Now things dayly fall, wits grow downeward and eloquence growes backward, so that he may be nam'd and stand as the marke and ἀκμή of our language.
Cicero is said to be the only genius that the people of Rome had, equal to their empire, ingenium par imperio. We had many talented individuals, and in their various eras (just considering the earlier seculum), Sir Thomas More, the elder Wiat, Henry, Earl of Surrey, Chaloner, Smith, Eliot, Bishop Gardiner were remarkable for their times; Sir Nicholas Bacon was unique and almost alone at the start of Queen Elizabeth's reign; Sir Philip Sidney and Mr. Hooker (in different areas) became great masters of wit and language, embodying both creative energy and strong judgment; the Earl of Essex, noble and esteemed; and Sir Walter Raleigh, who shouldn't be dismissed for either judgment or style; Sir Henry Savile, serious and truly educated; Sir Edwin Sandys, excellent in both areas; Lord Egerton, the Chancellor, a serious and great orator, especially effective when provoked; but his knowledgeable and capable (though unfortunate) successor is the one who has achieved everything, accomplishing in our language what can be compared or preferred to arrogant Greece or proud Rome. In short, during his time, all the talents emerged that could honor a language or enhance study. Now things are declining daily, talents are waning, and eloquence is regressing, such that he can be named and stands as the benchmark and ἀκμή of our language.

I have ever observ'd it to have been the office of a wise patriot among the greatest affaires of the state to take care of the commonwealth of learning [283], for schooles they are the seminaries of state and nothing is worthier the study of a statesman then that part of the republick which wee call the advancement of letters. Witnesse the care of Julius Caesar, who in the heate of the civill warre writ his bookes of analogie and dedicated them to Tully. This made the lord St. Albans entitle his worke Novum Organum, which though by the most of superficiall men who cannot gett beyond the title of nominalls, it is not penetrated nor understood, it really openeth all defects of learning whatsoever, and is a booke
I have always observed that it's the role of a wise patriot, especially during major state affairs, to look after the commonwealth of education [283]. Schools are the foundations of the state, and nothing is more deserving of a statesman's attention than the part of the republic that we refer to as the advancement of knowledge. Just look at Julius Caesar, who, during the heat of the civil war, wrote his books on analogy and dedicated them to Cicero. This inspired Lord St. Albans to title his work Novum Organum, which, despite being overlooked by many superficial people who can't look beyond the title's literal meaning, truly addresses all shortcomings in learning and is an essential book.

Qui longum noto scriptori porriget aevum [284].
Qui longum noto scriptori porriget aevum [284].

My conceit of his person was never increased towards him by his place or honour, but I have and doe reverence him for the greatnesse that was only proper to himselfe in that he seem'd to me ever by his worke one of the greatest men and most worthy of admiration that have been in many ages. In his adversity I ever prayed that God would give him strength; for greatnes he could not want. Neither could I condole in a word or syllable for him, as knowing no accident could doe harme to vertue but rather helpe to make it manifest.
My admiration for him was never based on his position or status, but I have always respected him for the greatness that was uniquely his. He always appeared to me, through his work, as one of the greatest and most admirable men of many ages. In his tough times, I always prayed that God would give him strength; he lacked nothing in greatness. I couldn't express sorrow for him in any words because I believed that nothing could harm true virtue but would rather help to reveal it.

[Pg 70]
[Pg 70]

[285]He came often to Sir John Danvers at Chelsey. Sir John told me that when his lordship had wrote the History of Henry 7, he sent the manuscript copie to him to desire his opinion of it before 'twas printed. Qd. Sir John 'Your lordship knowes that I am no scholar.' ''Tis no matter,' said my lord, 'I know what a schollar can say; I would know what you can [286] say.' Sir John read it, and gave his opinion what he misliked which Tacitus did not omitt (which I am sorry I have forgott) which my lord acknowledged to be true, and mended it: 'Why,' said he, 'a scholar would never have told me this.'
[285]He visited Sir John Danvers frequently at Chelsey. Sir John told me that when his lordship finished writing the History of Henry 7, he sent the manuscript copy to him to ask for his opinion before it was printed. Sir John replied, "Your lordship knows that I am no scholar." "That’s fine," said my lord, "I know what a scholar can say; I want to know what you can [286] say." Sir John read it and shared what he didn't like, which Tacitus didn't omit (I’m sorry I forgot what it was), and my lord acknowledged it was true and made the change: "Well," he said, "a scholar would never have told me this."

Mr. Thomas Hobbes (Malmesburiensis) was beloved by his lordship, who was wont to have him walke with him in his delicate groves where he did meditate: and when a notion darted into his mind, Mr. Hobbs was presently to write it downe, and his lordship was wont to say that he did it better then any one els about him; for that many times, when he read their notes he scarce understood what they writt, because they understood it not clearly themselves.
Mr. Thomas Hobbes (of Malmesbury) was cherished by his lord, who often took him for walks in his beautiful groves where he would meditate. Whenever a thought came to him, Mr. Hobbes would quickly write it down, and his lord would say that he did it better than anyone else around him. Many times, when he read their notes, he could hardly understand what they had written, because they didn't clearly understand it themselves.

In short, all that were great and good loved and honoured him.
In short, everyone who was great and good loved and honored him.

Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chiefe Justice, alwayes envyed him, and would be undervalueing his lawe, as you may find in my lord's lettres, and I knew old lawyers that remembred it.
Sir Edward Coke, the Chief Justice, always envied him and tried to downplay his law, as you can see in my lord's letters, and I knew old lawyers who remembered it.

<Personal characteristics.>

He was Lord Protector during King James's progresse into Scotland, and gave audience in great state to ambassadors in the banquetting-house at Whitehall.
He was the Lord Protector while King James was traveling to Scotland and held formal meetings with ambassadors in the banquet hall at Whitehall.

His lordship would many times have musique in the next roome where he meditated.
His lordship would often have music playing in the next room while he contemplated.

The aviary at Yorke-house was built by his lordship; it did cost 300li.
The aviary at Yorke House was built by his lordship; it cost 300 li.

At every meale, according to the season of the yeare, [Pg 71]he had his table strewed with sweet herbes and flowers, which he sayd did refresh his spirits and memorie.
At every meal, depending on the season of the year, [Pg 71]he had his table covered with fragrant herbs and flowers, which he said lifted his spirits and memory.

When his lordship was at his country house at Gorhambery, St. Albans seemed as if the court were [287] there, so nobly did he live. His servants had liveries with his crest (a boare ...); his watermen were more imployed by gentlemen then any other, even the king's.
When his lordship was at his country house in Gorhambery, St. Albans felt like the court was right there because he lived so grandly. His servants wore uniforms with his crest (a boar ...); his watermen were busier serving gentlemen than anyone else's, even the king's.

King James sent a buck to him, and he gave the keeper fifty pounds.
King James sent him a deer, and he gave the keeper fifty pounds.

He was wont to say to his servant Hunt, (who was a notable thrifty man, and loved this world, and the only servant he had that he could never gett to become bound for him) 'The world was made for man, Hunt; and not man for the world.' Hunt left an estate of 1000li. per annum in Somerset.
He used to say to his servant Hunt, (who was a notably frugal man, loved this world, and the only servant he had that he could never get to agree to a contract for him) 'The world was made for man, Hunt; not man for the world.' Hunt left behind an estate of 1000li. a year in Somerset.

None of his servants durst appeare before him without Spanish leather bootes: for he would smell the neates-leather, which offended him.
None of his servants dared to show up in front of him without Spanish leather boots, because he could smell the cowhide, which annoyed him.

The East India merchants presented his lordship with a cabinet of jewells, which his page, Mr. Cockaine, recieved, and decieved his lord.
The East India merchants gave his lordship a jewelry cabinet, which his page, Mr. Cockaine, received and misled his lord.

Three of his lordship's servants [XIII.] kept their coaches, and some kept race-horses—vide Sir Anthony Welden's Court of King James.
Three of his lordship's servants [XIII.] maintained their coaches, and some owned racehorses—see Sir Anthony Welden's Court of King James.

[XIII.] Sir Thomas Meautys, Mr. Bushell, Mr. ... Idney.
[XIII.] Sir Thomas Meautys, Mr. Thomas Bushell, Mr. ... Idney.

[288]He was [289] a παιδεραστής. His Ganimeds and favourites tooke bribes; but his lordship alwayes gave judgement secundum aequum et bonum. His decrees in Chancery stand firme, i.e. there are fewer of his decrees reverst then of any other Chancellor.
[288]He was [289] a pedophile. His Ganimeds and favorites took bribes; but his lordship always gave judgment according to what is fair and good. His decisions in Chancery remain firm, meaning there are fewer of his rulings reversed than of any other Chancellor.

His dowager [290] maried her gentleman-usher, Sir (Thomas, I thinke) Underhill, whom she made deafe and blind with too much of Venus. ☞ She was living since the beheading of the late King.—Quaere where and when she died.
His widow [290] married her gentleman usher, Sir (Thomas, I think) Underhill, whom she made deaf and blind with too much of love. ☞ She had been living since the beheading of the late King.—Question where and when she died.

[Pg 72]
[Pg 72]

He had a delicate [291], lively hazel eie; Dr. Harvey told me it was like the eie of a viper.
He had a delicate [291], lively hazel eye; Dr. Harvey told me it was like the eye of a viper.

I have now forgott what Mr. Bushell sayd, whether his lordship enjoyed his Muse best at night, or in the morning.
I have now forgotten what Mr. Bushell said, whether his lordship enjoyed his Muse more at night or in the morning.

<His poems.>

His lordship was a good poet, but conceal'd, as appeares by his letters. See excellent verses of his lordship's which Mr. Farnaby translated into Greeke, and printed both [292] in his Ἀνθολογία, scil.
His lordship was a talented poet, but he kept it hidden, as shown by his letters. See the excellent verses of his lordship that Mr. Farnaby translated into Greek and printed both [292] in his Ἀνθολογία, namely.

The world is like a bubble, and human life Less than a span, etc.

[293]Ἀνθολογία: Florilegium epigrammatum selectorum; Thomas Farnaby, London, 1629, pag. 8.—'Huc elegantem viri clarissimi domini Verulamii *παρῳδίαν adjicere adlubuit'—opposit to it on the other page—'quam παρῳδίαν e nostrati bona nos Graecam qualemcunque sic fecimus, et rhythmice.'
[293]Anthology: A collection of selected epigrams; Thomas Farnaby, London, 1629, p. 8.—'Here it seemed fitting to add the elegant parody of the most distinguished Lord Verulam'—opposite it on the other page—'which parody, we made Greek in some way and rhythmically.'

The world is a bubble, and human life Less than a moment; In his miserable state, from the womb So to the tomb; Cursed from birth and raised into adulthood With worries and fears. Who, then, should trust fragile mortality? But traces in water or just writes in dust.

Yet since we live here burdened with sorrow, Which life is best?
Courts are just superficial stains. To entertain fools; The rural areas have turned into a den. Of wild men;
And where is there a city free from all vice,
But could it be called the worst of the three? [Pg 73]
Domestic worries weigh on the husband's mind. Or pains his head;
Those who live alone see it as a curse,
Or do things __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ worse;
Some would have children; those who have them money,
Or want them gone.
What does it mean to have a wife, or not have one,
But a single bondage or a double conflict?
Our own feelings remain at home to satisfy. It's a disease; To cross the sea to any foreign land,
Perils and toil; Wars with their noise frighten us; when they stop We're worse in peace. What’s left for us to do? But to keep shouting Not to be endured, or, if endured, to fade.

<His writings.>

[295]His reading of Treason.
His take on Treason.

His reading of Usurie.
His take on Usurie.

Decrees in Chancery.
Chancery Orders.

Cogitata et Visa: printed in Holland by Sir William Boswell, Resident there: who also there printed Dr. Gilbert's Magnetique Philosophie.
Cogitata et Visa: printed in Holland by Sir William Boswell, who was the Resident there. He also printed Dr. Gilbert's Magnetic Philosophy there.

Speech in Parliament of naturalization of the Scottish nation: printed 1641.
Speech in Parliament about the naturalization of the Scottish nation: printed 1641.

His apothegmes, 8vo.
His sayings, 8vo.

{ . . . . .
Essaies { . . . . .
{ . . . . .

I'm sorry, but it seems like your request is incomplete. Please provide the text that you would like me to modernize.
Essaies { . . . . .
I'm sorry, but it seems your message got cut off. Could you please provide the text you would like me to modernize?

Advancement of learning.
Advancement of knowledge.

History of King Henry the 7th.
History of King Henry the 7th.

Novum Organon.—At the end of his Novum Organon Hugh Holland wrote these verses:—
Novum Organon.—At the end of his Novum Organon Hugh Holland wrote these verses:—

This book is such that a fool could not write it, The wise man did not want: that’s how Hugo thought.

[Pg 74]
[Pg 74]

Naturall Historie.
Natural History.

Of ambassadors: published by Francis Thynne out of Sir Robert Cotton's library, 1650.
Of ambassadors: published by Francis Thynne from Sir Robert Cotton's library, 1650.

Speech touching duells, in the Starre-chamber: in the Bodleian library at Oxford. Reprint it.
Speech touching duels, in the Star Chamber: in the Bodleian library at Oxford. Reprint it.

All the rest of his lordship's workes you will find in Dr. William Rawley's Resuscitatio.
All the rest of his lordship's works can be found in Dr. William Rawley's Resuscitatio.

A piece of philosophy halfe as thick as the grammar set forth by Dr. Rawley, 1660.
A piece of philosophy half as thick as the grammar written by Dr. Rawley, 1660.

. . . . .
. . . . .

. . . . , 167—.
. . . . , 167—.

[296]Apothegmata.

His lordship being in Yorke-house garden lookeing on fishers as they were throwing their nett, asked them what they would take for their draught; they answered so much: his lordship would offer them no more but so much. They drew-up their nett, and it were only 2 or 3 little fishes: his lordship then told them it had been better for them to have taken his offer. They replied, they hoped to have had a better draught; 'but,' sayd his lordship, 'Hope is a good breakfast, but an ill supper.'
His lordship was in the Yorke-house garden watching fishermen as they threw their nets and asked them what they would take for their catch. They replied, “this much.” His lordship would only offer them “this much.” They pulled up their net, and it contained only 2 or 3 small fish. His lordship then told them it would have been better for them to have accepted his offer. They responded that they hoped to catch more. His lordship replied, “Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper.”

When his lordship was in dis-favour, his neighbours hearing how much he was indebted, came to him with a motion to buy Oake-wood of him. His lordship told them, 'He would not sell his feathers.'
When his lordship was out of favor, his neighbors, hearing about how much he owed, came to him with a proposal to buy Oake-wood from him. His lordship told them, 'He would not sell his feathers.'

The earle of Manchester being removed from his place of Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common Pleas [297] to be Lord President of the Councell, told my lord (upon his fall) that he was sorry to see him made such an example. Lord Bacon replied 'It did not trouble him since he was made a President.'
The Earl of Manchester, being removed from his position as Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas [297] to become Lord President of the Council, told my lord (after his downfall) that he was sorry to see him become such an example. Lord Bacon replied, "It doesn't bother me since I'm made President."

The bishop of London did cutt-downe a noble clowd of trees at Fulham. The Lord Chancellor told him that he was a good expounder of darke places.
The bishop of London cut down a noble cloud of trees at Fulham. The Lord Chancellor told him that he was a good interpreter of dark places.

Upon his being in dis-favour his servants suddenly went [Pg 75]away; he compared them to the flying of the vermin when the howse was falling.
When he fell out of favor, his servants suddenly vanished; he likened them to vermin escaping when the house was collapsing.

One told his Lordship it was now time to looke about him. He replyed, 'I doe not looke about me, I looke above me.'
One told his Lordship it was now time to look around him. He replied, 'I do not look around me, I look above me.'

Sir Julius Cæsar (Master of the Rolles) sent to his lordship in his necessity a hundred pounds for a present [XIV.]; quaere + de hoc of Michael Malet.
Sir Julius Cæsar (Master of the Rolls) sent a hundred pounds as a gift to his lordship in his time of need [XIV.]; inquire + about this from Michael Malet.

[XIV.] Most of these enformations I have from Sir John Danvers.
[XIV.] Most of this information I got from Sir John Danvers.

His Lordship would often drinke a good draught of strong beer (March beer) to-bedwards, to lay his working fancy asleep: which otherwise would keepe him from sleeping great part of the night.
His Lordship would often drink a good glass of strong beer (March beer) before bed to help his busy mind settle down; otherwise, it would keep him awake for most of the night.

I remember Sir John Danvers told me, that his lordship much delighted in his curious [298] garden at Chelsey, and as he was walking there one time, he fell downe in a dead-sowne. My lady Danvers rubbed his face, temples, etc. and gave him cordiall water: as soon as he came to himselfe, sayd he, 'Madam, I am no good footman.'
I remember Sir John Danvers telling me that his lordship really enjoyed his interesting garden at Chelsea, and one time while he was walking there, he collapsed in a dead faint. Lady Danvers rubbed his face, temples, etc., and gave him some cordial water. When he came to, he said, "Madam, I'm not a very good footman."

<His death and burial.>

[299]Mr. Hobbs told me that the cause of his lordship's death was trying an experiment: viz., as he was taking the aire in a coach with Dr. Witherborne (a Scotchman, Physitian to the King) towards High-gate, snow lay on the ground, and it came into my lord's thoughts, why flesh might not be preserved in snow, as in salt. They were resolved they would try the experiment presently. They [300] alighted out of the coach, and went into a poore woman's howse at the bottome of Highgate hill, and bought a hen, and made the woman exenterate it, and then stuffed the bodie with snow, and my lord did help to doe it himselfe. The snow so chilled him, that he immediately fell so extremely ill, that he could not returne to his lodgings (I suppose then at Graye's Inne), but went to the earle of Arundell's house at High-gate, where they putt him into a good bed warmed with a panne, but [Pg 76]it was a damp bed that had not been layn-in in about a yeare before, which gave him such a cold that in 2 or 3 dayes, as I remember he [301] told me, he dyed of suffocation.
[299]Mr. Hobbs told me that the reason for his lordship's death was an experiment he was trying: while he was out in a coach with Dr. Witherborne (a Scottish physician to the King) heading towards Highgate, there was snow on the ground, and my lord wondered why flesh couldn't be preserved in snow like it is in salt. They decided to try the experiment right away. They [300] got out of the coach, went into the house of a poor woman at the bottom of Highgate hill, bought a hen, and had her gut it. Then they stuffed the body with snow, and my lord helped with it himself. The cold snow chilled him so much that he immediately became very ill and couldn't make it back to his lodgings (which I think were then at Gray's Inn) but went to the Earl of Arundel's house at Highgate, where they put him in a nice warm bed with a warming pan. However, [Pg 76] it was a damp bed that hadn't been used in about a year before, which gave him such a bad cold that in 2 or 3 days, as I remember he [301] told me, he died from suffocation.

Mr. George Herbert, Orator of the University of Cambridge, haz made excellent verses on this great man. So haz Mr. Abraham Cowley in his Pindariques. Mr. Thomas Randolph of Trin. Coll. in Cambr. haz in his poems verses on him.
Mr. George Herbert, Orator of the University of Cambridge, has written excellent verses about this great man. Mr. Abraham Cowley has also done so in his Pindariques. Mr. Thomas Randolph of Trinity College, Cambridge, has included verses about him in his poems.

[302]In the north side of the chancell of St. Michael's church (which, as I remember, is within the walles of Verulam) is the Lord Chancellor Bacon's monument in white marble in a niech, as big as the life, sitting in his chaire in his gowne and hatt cock't, leaning his head on his right hand. Underneath is this inscription which they say was made by his friend Sir Henry Wotton.
[302]On the north side of the chancel of St. Michael's church (which, if I remember correctly, is within the walls of Verulam) is the monument of Lord Chancellor Bacon, made of white marble in a niche, life-sized, sitting in his chair wearing his gown and hat tilted, resting his head on his right hand. Below is this inscription, which is said to have been created by his friend Sir Henry Wotton.

Franciscus Bacon, Baro de Verulam,
Sti Albani Vicecomes, seu, notioribus titulis,
Scientiarum Lumen, Facundiae Lex,
sic sedebat.
Qui postquam omnia Naturalis sapientiae
et Civilis arcana evolvisset,
Naturae decretum explevit
'Composita solvantur,'
Anno Domini MDCXXVI
aetatis LXVI.
Tanti viri
mem.
Thomas Meautys [XV.]
superstitis cultor,
defuncti admirator,
H. P.
Francis Bacon, Baron of Verulam,
Viscount of St. Alban, or, by more familiar titles,
Light of Sciences, Law of Eloquence,
thus he sat.
After he had explored all the secrets of Natural philosophy
and Civil knowledge,
he fulfilled Nature's decree
'Let what is composed be dissolved,'
In the year of our Lord 1626
at the age of 66.
So great a man,
remembered.
Thomas Meautys [XV.]
a devoted follower in life,
an admirer in death,
H. P.

[XV.] His lordship's secretarie, who maried a kinswoman ( Bacon), who is now the wife of Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolles.
[XV.] His lordship's secretary, who married a relative ( Bacon), is now the wife of Sir Harbottle Grimston, Master of the Rolls.

<His relatives.>

[303]He had a uterine [XVI.] brother Anthony Bacon, who was a very great statesman and much beyond his brother Francis for the politiques, a lame man, he was a pensioner to, and lived with ... earle of Essex. And to him he [Pg 77]dedicates the first edition of his Essayes, a little booke no bigger then a primer, which I have seen in the Bodlyan Library.
[303]He had a half [XVI.] brother Anthony Bacon, who was a remarkable statesman and much more skilled in politics than his brother Francis. A disabled man, he was a pensioner to, and lived with... the Earl of Essex. To him he [Pg 77]dedicates the first edition of his Essays, a small book no larger than a primer, which I have seen in the Bodleian Library.

[XVI.] His mother was Cooke, sister of ... Cooke of Giddy-hall in Essex, 2nd wife to Sir Nicholas Bacon.
[XVI.] His mother was Cooke, the sister of ... Cooke of Giddy-hall in Essex, the second wife of Sir Nicholas Bacon.

His sisters were ingeniose and well-bred; they well understood the use of the globes, as you may find in the preface of Mr. Blundevill of the Sphaere: see if it is not dedicated to them. One of them was maried to Sir John Cunstable of Yorkshire. To this brother in lawe he dedicates his second edition of his Essayes, in 8vo; his last, in 4to, to the duke of Bucks.
His sisters were clever and well-mannered; they understood how to use globes, as you can see in the preface of Mr. Blundevill's "Sphaere": check if it isn't dedicated to them. One of them was married to Sir John Cunstable of Yorkshire. He dedicates his second edition of his Essays in 8vo to this brother-in-law and his latest, in 4to, to the Duke of Bucks.

[304]Blundevill's Exercises, preface:—'I began this arithmetique more then seven yeares since for that vertuous gentlewoman Mris Elizabeth Bacon, the daughter of Sir Nicholas Bacon, knight (a man of most excellent witt and of a most deep judgement and sometimes Lord Keeper of the great seale of England), and lately the loving and faithfull wife of my worshipfull friend Mr. Justice Windham, who for his integrity of life and for his wisdome and justice dayly shewed in government and also for his good hospitalitie deserved great commendation; and though at her request I had made this arithmetique so plaine and easie as was possible (as to my seeming) yet her continuall sicknesse would not suffer her to exercise herself therin.'
[304]Blundevill's Exercises, preface:—'I started this arithmetic more than seven years ago for the virtuous gentlewoman Mrs. Elizabeth Bacon, the daughter of Sir Nicholas Bacon, knight (a man of excellent wit and deep judgment and once the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England), and recently the loving and faithful wife of my esteemed friend Mr. Justice Windham, who deserves great praise for his integrity, wisdom, and fairness in governance, as well as for his generous hospitality; and although I had tried to make this arithmetic as clear and simple as possible at her request, her ongoing illness did not allow her to practice it.'

<His residences.>

[305]I will write something of Verulam, and his house at Gorhambery.
[305]I will write something about Verulam and his home at Gorhambery.

At Verulam is to be seen, in some few places, some remaines of the wall of this citie [XVII.]; which was in compass about ... miles. This magnanimous Lord Chancellor had a great mind to have made it a citie again: and he had designed it, to be built with great uniformity: but Fortune denyed it him, though she proved kinder the great Cardinal Richelieu, who lived both to designe and finish that specious towne of Richelieu, where he was borne; before, an obscure and small vilage. (The ichnographie, etc., of this towne and palais is nobly engraved).
At Verulam, you can see, in a few places, some remnants of the wall of this city [XVII.]; which was around ... miles in circumference. This great Lord Chancellor really wanted to make it a city again, and he had plans for it to be built with great uniformity. But fortune denied him that, even though it was kinder to the great Cardinal Richelieu, who lived to design and finish that impressive town of Richelieu, which had previously been an obscure and small village. (The layout, etc., of this town and palace is beautifully engraved).

[XVII.] Verolamium, Virolamium, Cassivelani oppidum.
Verolamium, Virolamium, Cassivelani town.

Within the bounds of the walls of this old citie of Verulam (his lordship's Baronry) was Verulam howse, [Pg 78]about ½ a mile from St. Albans; which his Lordship built, the most ingeniosely contrived little pile [XVIII.], that ever I sawe. No question but his lordship was the chiefest architect; but he had for his assistant a favourite of his (a St. Albans man) Mr. ... Dobson (who was his lordship's right hand) a very ingeniose person (Master of the Alienation Office); but he spending his estate upon woemen [306], necessity forced his son William Dobson to be the most excellent painter that England hath yet bred, qui obiit Oct. 1648; sepult. S. Martin's in the fields [307].
Within the walls of the old city of Verulam (his lordship's Barony) was Verulam House, [Pg 78] about half a mile from St. Albans. His Lordship built it, the most cleverly designed little building [XVIII.] that I have ever seen. There's no doubt that his lordship was the main architect, but he had a favorite assistant from St. Albans, Mr. ... Dobson (who was his lordship's right hand), a very creative person (Master of the Alienation Office). However, he spent his fortune on women [306], which forced his son William Dobson to become the most exceptional painter that England has ever produced, who died in October 1648 and was buried at St. Martin's in the Fields [307].

[XVIII.] I am sorry I measured not the front and breadth; but I little suspected it would be pulled downe for the sale of the materialls.
[XVIII.] I’m sorry I didn't measure the width and length; I didn't think it would be torn down for the sale of the materials.

[308]The view of this howse from the entrance into the gate by the high-way is thus. The parallel [309] sides answer one another. I doe not well remember if on the east side were bay windowes, which his lordship much affected, as may be seen in his essay Of Building. Quaere whether the number of windowes on the east side were 5 or 7: to my best remembrance but 5. This model I drew by memorie, 1656.
[308]The view of this house from the entrance to the gate by the highway is as follows. The parallel [309] sides correspond with each other. I don’t quite remember if there were bay windows on the east side, which his lordship favored, as can be seen in his essay Of Building. I wonder if the number of windows on the east side was 5 or 7: to the best of my memory, it was only 5. I drew this model from memory in 1656.

Verulam House__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

This howse did cost nine or ten thousand the building, and was sold about 1665 or 1666 by Sir Harbottle Grimston, baronet, (now Master of the Rolles) to two carpenters for fower hundred poundes; of which they made eight hundred poundes. Memorandum:—there were good chimney-pieces; the roomes very loftie, and all were very well wainscotted. Memorandum:—there were two bathing-roomes or stuffes, whither his Lordship retired afternoons as he sawe cause. All the tunnells of the chimneys were carried into the middle of the howse, as in this draught; and round about them were seates. The top of the howse was well leaded. From the leads was a lovely prospect to the ponds, which were opposite to the [Pg 79]east side of the howse, and were on the other side of the stately walke of trees that leades to Gorhambery-howse: and also over that long walke of trees, whose topps afford a most pleasant [311] variegated verdure, resembling the workes in Irish-stitch. The kitchin, larder, cellars, &c., are under ground. In the middle of this howse was a delicate staire-case of wood, which was curiously carved, and on the posts of every interstice was some prettie figure, as of a grave divine with his booke and spectacles, a mendicant friar, &c.—(not one thing twice). Memorandum:—on the dores of the upper storie on the outside (which were painted darke umber) were the figures of the gods of the Gentiles (viz. on the south dore, 2d storie, was Apollo; on another, Jupiter with his thunderbolt, etc.) bigger then the life, and donne by an excellent hand; the heightnings were of hatchings of gold, which when the sun shone on them made a most glorious shew.
This house cost nine or ten thousand to build and was sold around 1665 or 1666 by Sir Harbottle Grimston, baronet (now Master of the Rolls), to two carpenters for four hundred pounds; they made eight hundred pounds from it. Note: there were good chimney pieces, the rooms were very high, and all were well paneled. Note: there were two bathing rooms where his Lordship retired in the afternoons as he saw fit. All the chimney flues were routed to the center of the house, as shown in this draft, and there were seats around them. The roof of the house was well covered with lead. From the roof, there was a beautiful view of the ponds on the east side of the house, across from the grand tree-lined pathway leading to Gorhambery House; and also over that long tree path whose tops displayed a lovely mix of greenery, resembling work done in Irish stitch. The kitchen, pantry, cellars, etc., were underground. In the middle of this house was a beautiful wooden staircase that was intricately carved, with charming figures on each post, such as a serious divine with his book and glasses, a beggar friar, etc.—(no figure was repeated). Note: on the doors of the upper story outside (which were painted dark umber) were figures of pagan gods (for instance, on the south door of the second story was Apollo; on another, Jupiter with his thunderbolt, etc.), larger than life, painted by an excellent artist; the highlights were done in gold, which created a spectacular display when the sun shone on them.

Memorandum:—the upper part of the uppermost dore, on the east side, had inserted into it a large looking-glasse, with which the stranger was very gratefully decieved, for (after he had been entertained a pretty while, with the prospects of the ponds, walks, and countrey, which this dore faced) when you were about to returne into the roome [312], one would have sworn primo intuitu, that he had beheld another prospect through the howse: for, as soon as the stranger was landed on the balconie, the conserge [313] that shewed the howse would shutt the dore to putt this fallacy on him with the looking-glasse. This was his lordship's summer-howse: for he sayes (in his essay) one should have seates for summer and winter as well as cloathes.
Memorandum: The upper part of the top door on the east side had a large mirror installed in it, which completely fooled the stranger, as he was entertained for quite a while by the views of the ponds, paths, and countryside visible through this door. When you were about to go back into the room [312], you would have sworn at first glance that he was seeing another view through the house. As soon as the stranger stepped onto the balcony, the concierge [313] who showed him the house would shut the door to maintain this illusion with the mirror. This was his lordship's summer house, as he states (in his essay) that one should have seating for summer and winter just like one has clothes.

From hence to Gorhambery is about a little mile, the way easily ascending, hardly so acclive as a deske.
From here to Gorhambery is about a mile, with an easy uphill path, hardly steeper than a desk.

From hence to Gorambury in a straite line leade three parallell walkes: in the middlemost three coaches may passe abreast: in the wing-walkes two may. They consist [Pg 80]of severall stately trees of the like groweth and heighth, viz. elme, chesnut, beach, hornebeame, Spanish-ash, cervice-tree, &c., whose topps (as aforesaid) doe afford from the walke on the howse the finest shew that I have seen, and I sawe it about Michaelmas, at which time of the yeare the colour of leaves are most varied. The manner of the walke is thus:—
From here to Gorambury, there are three parallel paths leading straight. In the middle path, three coaches can pass side by side; on the side paths, two can. They are lined with various stately trees of similar growth and height, such as elm, chestnut, beech, hornbeam, Spanish ash, service tree, etc., whose tops provide, as mentioned earlier, the finest view from the path to the house that I have seen. I noticed this around Michaelmas, when the colors of the leaves are most diverse. The layout of the path is as follows:—

u u u u

t t t t

s s s s

r r r r

o o o o

n n n n

m m m m

x x x x

u u u u

t t t t

s s s s

r r r r

o o o o

n n n n

m m m m

x x x x

u u u u

t t t t

s s s s

r r r r

o o o o

n n n n

m m m m

[314]The figures of the ponds were thus: they were pitched at the bottomes with pebbles of severall colours, which were work't in to severall figures, as of fishes, &c. which in his lordship's time were plainly to be seen through the cleare water, now over-grown with flagges and rushe.
[314]The ponds looked like this: their bottoms were covered with pebbles of different colors, arranged in various shapes, like fish, etc. In his lordship's time, these designs were clearly visible through the clear water, but now they are overgrown with reeds and rushes.

If a poor bodie had brought his lordship halfe a dozen pebbles of a curious colour, he would give them a shilling, so curious was he in perfecting his fish-ponds, which I guesse doe containe four acres. In the middle of the[Pg 81] middlemost pond, in the island, is a curious banquetting-house of Roman architecture, paved with black and white marble; covered with Cornish slatt, and neatly wainscotted.
If a poor person had brought his lordship half a dozen pebbles of an interesting color, he would give them a shilling, because he was so particular about perfecting his fish ponds, which I guess cover four acres. In the middle of the[Pg 81] middle pond, on the island, there is a charming banquet house in Roman style, paved with black and white marble; topped with Cornish slate, and neatly panelled.

(a) = cutt hedge about the island.
(a) = cut hedge around the island.

(b) = walke between the hedge and banquetting-howse.
(b) = walk between the hedge and banquet hall.

Memorandum:—about the mid-way from Verolam-house to Gorambery, on the right hand, on the side of a hill which faces the passer-by, are sett in artificiall manner the afore-named trees, whose diversity of greens on the side of the hill are exceeding pleasant. These delicate walkes and prospects entertaine the eie to Gorambery-howse, which is a large, well-built Gothique howse, built (I thinke) by Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper, father to this Lord Chancellor, to whom it descended by the death of Anthony Bacon, his middle brother, who died sans issue.[315]The Lord Chancellor made an addition of[Pg 82] a noble portico, which fronts the garden to the south: opposite to every arch of this portico, and as big as the arch, are drawen, by an excellent hand (but the mischief of it is, in water-colours), curious pictures, all emblematicall, with mottos under each: for example, one I remember is a ship tossed in a storme, the motto, Alter erit tum Tiphys. Enquire for the rest.
Memorandum:—about halfway from Verolam House to Gorambery, on the right side, on a hill that faces those walking by, are the aforementioned trees arranged in an artificial way, creating a pleasant variety of greens on the hillside. These beautiful paths and views delight the eye toward Gorambery House, which is a large, well-constructed Gothic house, built (I believe) by Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper, the father of this Lord Chancellor. It passed to him after the death of his middle brother, Anthony Bacon, who died without any children.[315]The Lord Chancellor added a grand portico that looks out over the garden to the south: opposite each arch of this portico, and as large as the arch itself, are painted, by a skilled hand (though unfortunately in watercolors), intricate pictures, all symbolic, with mottos underneath each one. For instance, I remember one being a ship caught in a storm, with the motto, Alter erit tum Tiphys. Ask about the others.

Over this portico is a stately gallerie, whose glasse-windowes are all painted; and every pane with severall figures of beast, bird, or flower: perhaps his lordship might use them as topiques for locall memory. The windowes looke into the garden, the side opposite to them no window, but that side is hung all with pictures at length, as of King James, his lordship, and severall illustrious persons of his time. At the end you enter is no windowe, but there is a very large picture, thus:—in the middle on a rock in the sea stands King James in armour, with his regall ornaments; on his right hand stands (but whither or no on a rock I have forgott), King Henry 4 of France, in armour; and on his left hand, the King of Spaine, in like manner. These figures are (at least) as big as the life, they are donne only with umbre and shell gold: all the heightning and illuminated part being burnisht gold, and the shadowed umbre, as in the pictures of the gods on the dores of Verolam-house. The roofe of this gallerie is semi-cylindrique, and painted by the same hand and same manner, with heads and busts of Greek and Roman emperours and heroes.
Above this porch is a grand gallery, with all its windows filled with painted glass, each pane featuring different figures of animals, birds, or flowers. Perhaps the lord used them as a way to jog local memories. The windows overlook the garden, while the opposite side has no windows but is covered with long paintings of King James, the lord, and several other notable figures from his time. At the end, there’s no window, but there’s a very large painting: in the center, on a rock in the sea, stands King James in armor with his royal ornaments; to his right stands King Henry IV of France, also in armor (though I can’t remember if he’s on a rock), and to his left is the King of Spain, dressed similarly. These figures are at least life-sized, painted only with shadow and shell gold, with the illuminated parts burnished gold and the shaded areas done like the paintings of the gods on the doors of Verolam House. The roof of this gallery is semi-cylindrical and painted by the same artist in the same style, featuring heads and busts of Greek and Roman emperors and heroes.

In the hall (which is of the auncient building) is a large storie very well painted of the feastes of the gods, where Mars is caught in a nett by Vulcan. On the wall, over the chimney, is painted an oake with akornes falling from it; the word, Nisi quid potius. And on the wall, over the table, is painted Ceres teaching the soweing of corne; the word, Moniti meliora.
In the hall (which is part of the ancient building) is a large story beautifully painted depicting the feasts of the gods, where Mars is caught in a net by Vulcan. On the wall, above the fireplace, is painted an oak tree with acorns falling from it; the words, Nisi quid potius. And on the wall, above the table, is painted Ceres teaching how to sow corn; the words, Moniti meliora.

The garden is large, which was (no doubt) rarely planted and kept in his lordship's time: vide vitam Peireskii de domino Bacon. Here is a handsome dore, which opens[Pg 83] into Oake-wood; over this dore in golden letters on blew are these six verses [316].
The garden is big, and it was probably not often planted or maintained during his lordship's time: see the life of Peireski concerning Lord Bacon. Here is a beautiful door that opens into Oakwood; above this door, in gold letters on blue, are these six verses.

[317]The oakes of this wood are very great and shadie. His lordship much delighted himselfe here: under every tree he planted some fine flower, or flowers, some wherof are there still (1656), viz. paeonies, tulips,....
[317]The oaks in this wood are very large and shady. His lordship took great pleasure in this place: beneath each tree, he planted some beautiful flowers, some of which are still there (1656), like peonies, tulips,....

From this wood a dore opens into ..., a place as big as an ordinary parke, the west part wherof is coppice-wood, where are walkes cutt-out as straight as a line, and broade enoug for a coach, a quarter of a mile long or better.—Here his lordship much [318] meditated, his servant Mr. Bushell attending him with his pen and inke horne to sett downe his present notions.—Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me, that his lordship would employ him often in this service whilest he was there, and was better pleased with his minutes, or notes sett downe by him, then by others who did not well understand his lordship. He told me that he was employed in translating part of the Essayes, viz. three of them, one wherof was that of the Greatnesse of Cities, the other two I have now forgott.
From this wood, a door opens into ..., a place as large as an ordinary park. The western part is a wooded area with paths cut straight, wide enough for a carriage, stretching a quarter of a mile or more. Here, his lordship often [318] contemplated, with his servant Mr. Bushell by his side, equipped with his pen and ink horn to jot down his current thoughts. Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that his lordship frequently employed him for this task while he was there and preferred his minutes, or notes recorded by him, over those from others who didn’t fully grasp his lordship’s ideas. He mentioned that he was tasked with translating part of the Essays, specifically three of them, one of which was about the Greatness of Cities; I’ve forgotten the other two.

The east of this parquet (which extends to Veralam-howse) was heretofore, in his lordship's prosperitie, a paradise; now is a large ploughed field. This eastern division consisted of severall parts; some thicketts of plumme-trees with delicate walkes; some of rasberies. Here was all manner of fruit-trees that would grow in England; and a great number of choice forest-trees; as the whitti-tree, sorbe-, cervice-, etc., eugh [319]. The walke, both in the coppices and other boscages, were most ingeniosely designed: at severall good viewes [320], were erected elegant sommer-howses well built of Roman architecture, well wainscotted and cieled; yet standing, but defaced, so that one would have thought the Barbarians had made a conquest here. This place in his lordship's time was [Pg 84]a sanctuary for phesants, partridges, etc. birds of severall kinds and countries, as white, speckled etc., partridges. In April, and the springtime, his lordship would, when it rayned, take his coach (open) to recieve the benefit of irrigation, which he was wont to say was very wholsome because of the nitre in the aire and the universall spirit of the world.
The east side of this park (which stretches to Veralam House) used to be, during his lordship's prosperous days, a paradise; now it's just a large plowed field. This eastern section had various parts; some thickets of plum trees with beautiful walking paths; others with raspberries. Here, there were all kinds of fruit trees that could grow in England, as well as a significant number of fine forest trees, like the white tree, service tree, yew, etc. The paths, both in the coppices and other wooded areas, were cleverly designed: at several good viewpoints, elegant summer houses built in Roman style were erected, well panelled and ceilinged; still standing, but damaged, to the point that one might think Barbarians had overrun the place. During his lordship's time, this area was a sanctuary for pheasants, partridges, and various birds from different regions, including white and speckled partridges. In April and during spring, his lordship would, when it rained, take his open coach to enjoy the benefits of irrigation, which he always said was very healthy because of the nitre in the air and the *universal spirit of the world*.

His lordship was wont to say, I will lay my mannor of Gorambery on't, to which Judge ... made a spightfull reply, saying he would not hold a wager against that, but against any other mannour of his lordship's he would. Now this illustrious Lord Chancellor had only this mannor of Gorambery.
His lordship would often say, I will bet my manor of Gorambery on it, to which Judge ... made a spiteful reply, saying he wouldn’t take that bet, but would against any other manor of his lordship's. Now this distinguished Lord Chancellor only owned this manor of Gorambery.

Roger Bacon (1214-1294).

[321]Roger Bacon, friar ordinis :—Memorandum, in Mr. Selden's learned verses before Hopton's Concordance of yeares, he speakes of friar Bacon, and sayes that he was a Dorsetshire gentleman. There are yet of that name in that countie, and some of pretty good estate. I find by ... (which booke I have) that he understood the making of optique glasses; where he also gives a perfect account of the making of gunpowder, vide pag ... ejusdem libri.
[321]Roger Bacon, friar of the Order of Saint Francis:—Just a note, in Mr. Selden's insightful verses before Hopton's Concordance of Years, he mentions friar Bacon and states that he was a gentleman from Dorsetshire. There are still people with that name in the county, and some of them are quite well-off. I find in ... (the book I have) that he knew how to make optical glasses; he also gives a clear explanation of how to create gunpowder, see page ... of the same book.

[322]Friar Roger Bacon:—Dr. Gerard Langbain had a Catalogue [AO] of all his workes, which Catalogue Dr. Gale, schoolmaster of Paule's, haz now.
[322]Friar Roger Bacon:—Dr. Gerard Langbain had a catalog [AO] of all his works, which catalog Dr. Gale, headmaster of Paul's, now has.

Note.

[AO] The reference is probably to a list of pieces by Roger Bacon which were found among Thomas Allen's MSS. Langbaine's draft of it is found in MS. Langbaine 7, p. 393: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 253.
[AO] The reference likely refers to a list of works by Roger Bacon that were discovered among Thomas Allen's manuscripts. Langbaine's version of it is in MS. Langbaine 7, p. 393: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 253.

Thomas Badd (1607-1683).

[323]The ... happinesse a shoemaker haz in drawing on a fair lady's shoe.... I know one that it was the hight of his ambition to be prentice to his mris<'s> shoemaker upon that condicion.
[323]The ... happiness a shoemaker has in putting on a beautiful lady's shoe.... I know of one who dreamed of being an apprentice to his mistress's shoemaker under that condition.

[Pg 85]
[Pg 85]

Sir Thomas Bad's [324] father, a shoemaker, married the brewer's widow of Portsmouth, worth 20,000 li.
Sir Thomas Bad's [324] father, a shoemaker, married the widow of a brewer from Portsmouth, who was worth 20,000 li.

Edward Bagshaw (1629-1671).

[325]Edward Bagshaw was borne at Broughton in Northamptonshire; 42 when he dyed—from his widowe [AP].
[325]Edward Bagshaw was born in Broughton, Northamptonshire; 42 when he died—from his widow [AP].

[326]My old acquaintance, Mr. Edward Bagshawe, B.D., 3rd son of Edward Bagshawe, esq., a bencher of the Middle Temple, was borne (the day nor moneth certaine to be knowne) November or December at Broughton in Northamptonshire, where Mr. Boldon [327], quondam Coll. Aeneinas., was parson.
[326]My old friend, Mr. Edward Bagshawe, B.D., the third son of Edward Bagshawe, esq., a member of the Middle Temple, was born (the exact day or month is unknown) in November or December in Broughton, Northamptonshire, where Mr. Boldon [327], former chaplain of Aeneinas College, was the parish priest.

He was a king's scholar at Westminster schole, then student of Christ Church. Scripsit severall treatises.
He was a king's scholar at Westminster School, then a student at Christ Church. He wrote several treatises.

Obiit on St. Innocents day, 28 Dec., 1671, in Tuttle street, Westminster, a prisoner to Newgate 22 weekes for running into a praemunire for refusing to take the oath of allegiance (he boggled at the word 'willingly' in the oath): aetatis 42. Sepult., Newyeares day, in the fanatique burying-place by the Artillery-ground in Moorfields, where his sorrowfull widdowe will place his epitaph.
Obiit on St. Innocents Day, December 28, 1671, on Tuttle Street, Westminster, a prisoner in Newgate for 22 weeks for getting into a praemunire by refusing to take the oath of allegiance (he hesitated at the word 'willingly' in the oath): age 42. Buried on New Year's Day in the nonconformist burial ground by the Artillery Ground in Moorfields, where his grieving widow will place his epitaph.

1500 or 2000 people were at his funerall.
1500 or 2000 people were at his funeral.

[328]'Here [329] lyes interred | the body of | Mr. Edward Bagshaw | minister of the Gospell | who recieved from God | faith to embrace it | courage to defend it | and patience to suffer for it | when by most despised and by many persecuted | esteeming the advantages of birth, education, and learning | as things of worth to be accounted losse for the knowledge | of Christ. | From the reproaches of pretended friends | and persecutions of professed adversaries | he | took sanctuary | by the will of God | in eternall rest.'
[328]'Here [329] lies the remains | of | Mr. Edward Bagshaw | minister of the Gospel | who received from God | the faith to believe in it | the courage to stand up for it | and the patience to endure for it | when he was mostly despised and often persecuted | regarding the benefits of birth, education, and knowledge | as things worth giving up for the understanding | of Christ. | From the insults of fake friends | and the attacks of open enemies | he | found refuge | by the will of God | in eternal peace.'

[Pg 86]
[Pg 86]

Note.

[AP] MS. Aubr. 27:—'A review and conclusion of the Antidote against Mr. Baxter's palliated cure of Church Divisions,' by Edward Bagshaw, Lond. 1671, has the note 'donum Margaretae, viduae autoris: Jan. 27, 1671 , Jo. Awbrey.'
[AP] MS. Aubr. 27:—'A review and conclusion of the Antidote against Mr. Baxter's softened approach to Church Divisions,' by Edward Bagshaw, London, 1671, has the note 'gift to Margareta, widow of the author: Jan. 27, 1671 , Jo. Awbrey.'

Jean Louis Guez de Balzac (1594-1655).

[330]Monsieur de Balzac ended his dayes in a Cappucine's cell, and was munificent to them: vide Entretiens de monsieur de Balzac, printed above 20 yeares since.
[330]Mr. de Balzac spent his evenings in a Capuchin's cell and was generous to them: see Entretiens de monsieur de Balzac, published over 20 years ago.

Richard Bancroft (1544-1610).

In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v, is this jotting:—
In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v, is this note:—

'Dr. Mat. Skinner. Resp. 'tis archbishop Bancroft's picture—quod N.B., and inscribe.'
'Dr. Mat. Skinner. Resp. It's Archbishop Bancroft's picture—so note that, and write it down.'

This is probably to be interpreted as meaning—'Enquire whether the portrait,' in a certain place, 'is that of Dr. Matthew Skinner.' Finding that it is the portrait of Richard Bancroft, 'see that the name is inscribed on it,' for future identification.
This should probably be understood as meaning—'Ask if the portrait,' in a certain location, 'is of Dr. Matthew Skinner.' Discovering that it’s the portrait of Richard Bancroft, 'make sure the name is written on it,' for future reference.

John Barclay (1582-1621).
Robert Barclay (1648-1690).

[331]Johannes Barclaius, Scoto-Britannus:—from Sam. Butler—was in England some time tempore regis Jacobi. He was then an old man, white beard; and wore a hatt and a feather, which gave some severe people offence.
[331]Johannes Barclaius, Scoto-Britannus:—from Sam. Butler—was in England for a while during King James's reign. He was then an old man with a white beard, and he wore a hat with a feather, which offended some serious people.

Dr. John Pell tells me, that his last employment was Library-Keeper of the Vatican, and that he was there poysoned.
Dr. John Pell tells me that his last job was Library Keeper at the Vatican and that he was poisoned there.

Memorandum:—this John Barclay haz a sonne [332], now (1688) an old man, and a learned quaker, who wrote a Systeme of the Quakers' Doctrine in Latine [333], dedicated to King Charles II, now King James II; now translated by him into English, in.... The Quakers mightily value him. The booke is common.
Memorandum:—John Barclay has a son, now (1688) an old man and a learned Quaker, who wrote a System of the Quakers' Doctrine in Latin, dedicated to King Charles II, now to King James II; now translated by him into English, in.... The Quakers highly value him. The book is widely available.

[Pg 87]
[Pg 87]

Isaac Barrow (1630-1677).

[334]Isaac Barrow, D.D.—from his father, (who was borne Aprill 22, 1600, ½ a yeare older then King Charles 1st), May 17, 1682.
[334]Isaac Barrow, D.D.—from his father, (who was born April 22, 1600, half a year older than King Charles I), May 17, 1682.

His father, Thomas Barrow, was the second son of Isaac Barrow of Spinney Abbey in the countie of Cambridge, esq., who was a Justice of the Peace there above fourtie yeares. The father of Thomas never designed him for a tradesman, but he was so severe to him he could not endure to live with him and so came to London and was apprentice to a linnen-draper. He kept shop at the signe of the White-horse in Forster lane near St. Forster's church in St. Leonard's parish; and [335]> was christened at St. John Zacharie's in Forster lane, for at that time St. Leonard's church was pulled downe to be re-edified. He was borne anno Dni 1630 in October [336] after King Charles II^nd. Dr. Isaac Barrow had the exact day and hower of his father, which may be found amongst his papers. His father sett it downe in his English bible, a faire one, which they used at the king's chapell when he was in France and he could not get it again. His father travelled with the King, Charles 2^nd, where ever he went; he was sealer to the Lord Chancellor beyond sea, and so when he came into England. Amongst Dr. Barrowe's papers it may be found. Dr. Tillotson has all his papers—quaere for it, and for the names of all writings both in print and MSS.
His father, Thomas Barrow, was the second son of Isaac Barrow from Spinney Abbey in Cambridge, who was a Justice of the Peace there for over forty years. Thomas's father didn’t plan on him becoming a tradesman, but he was so strict that Thomas couldn’t stand living with him. So, he moved to London and became an apprentice to a linen draper. He ran a shop at the sign of the White Horse in Forster Lane, near St. Forster's Church in St. Leonard's parish; his son was baptized at St. John Zacharie's in Forster Lane because, at that time, St. Leonard's Church was being rebuilt. He was born in October 1630, during the reign of King Charles II. Dr. Isaac Barrow recorded the exact day and hour of his birth, which can be found in his papers. His father noted it in a beautiful English Bible they used at the king's chapel when he was in France and couldn’t retrieve it. His father traveled with King Charles II wherever he went; he was the sealer for the Lord Chancellor abroad and when he returned to England. This information can be found among Dr. Barrow’s papers. Dr. Tillotson has all his papers—check for it, along with the titles of all his writings, both printed and in manuscript.

He went to schoole, first to Mr. Brookes at Charterhouse two yeares. His father gave to Mr. Brookes 4 li. per annum, wheras his pay was but 2 li., to be carefull of him; but Mr. Brokes was negligent of him, which the captain of the school acquainted his father (his kinsman) and sayd that he would not have him stay there any longer than he [337] did, for that he337[337] instructed him.
He went to school, first to Mr. Brookes at Charterhouse for two years. His father paid Mr. Brookes £4 per year, even though his salary was only £2, to take care of him; but Mr. Brookes was neglectful of him. The captain of the school informed his father (who was his relative) and said that he shouldn’t keep him there any longer than necessary, as he wasn’t being properly instructed.

Afterwards to one Mr. Holbitch, about fower years, at [Pg 88]Felton [338] in Essex; from whence he was admitted of Peterhouse College in Cambridge first, and went to schoole a yeare after. Then he was admitted of Trinity College in Cambridge at 13 yeares old.
Afterwards to one Mr. Holbitch, about four years, at [Pg 88]Felton [338] in Essex; from there he was accepted into Peterhouse College in Cambridge first, and went to school a year later. Then he was accepted into Trinity College in Cambridge at 13 years old.

Quaere whose daughter his mother was.
Quaere whose daughter his mother was.

His mother was Anne, daughter of William Buggin of North Cray in Kent, esq. She died when her sonne Isaac was about fower yeares old.
His mother was Anne, daughter of William Buggin of North Cray in Kent, Esq. She died when her son Isaac was about four years old.

Anno Domini ... he travelled, and returned, anno Domini....
Anno Domini ... he traveled, and returned, anno Domini....

He wrote.... What MSS.?—quaere Dr. Tillotson, and quaere Mr. Brabazon Aylmer, bookseller, nere Exchange Alley.
He wrote.... What manuscripts?—ask Dr. Tillotson, and ask Mr. Brabazon Aylmer, bookseller, near Exchange Alley.

His humour when a boy and after:—merry and cheerfull and beloved where ever he came. His grandfather kept him till he was 7 years old: his father was faine to force him away, for there he would have been good for nothing there.
His humor as a boy and later on was joyful and cheerful, and he was liked wherever he went. His grandfather raised him until he was 7 years old; his father had to insist on taking him away because he wouldn't have amounted to much there.

A good poet, English and Latin. He spake 8 severall languages.
A skilled poet, fluent in both English and Latin. He spoke eight different languages.

[339]His father dealt in his trade to Ireland where he had a great losse, neer 1000 li.; upon which he wrote to Mr. Holbitch, a Puritan, to be pleased to take a little paines more than ordinary with him, because the times growing so bad, and such a losse then received, that he did not knowe how he might be able to provide for him, and so Mr. Holbitch tooke him away from the howse where he was boarded to his owne howse, and made him tutor to my lord viscount Fairfax, ward to the lord viscount Say and Seale, where he continued so long as my lord continued.
[339]His father traded with Ireland where he suffered a significant loss, nearly 1000 li.; because of this, he wrote to Mr. Holbitch, a Puritan, asking him to put in a bit more effort than usual, as times were getting tougher and he had experienced such a loss that he was unsure how he could provide for him. Mr. Holbitch took him away from the boarding house where he was staying to his own home and made him tutor to my lord viscount Fairfax, who was a ward of the lord viscount Say and Seale, where he stayed for as long as my lord was there.

This viscount Fairfax [340] died a young man. This viscount Fairfax, being a schooleboy, maried a gentleman's daughter [Pg 89]in the towne there, who had but a thousand pounds. So leaving the schoole, would needs have Mr. Isaac Barrow with him, and told him he would maintaine him. But the lord Say was so cruel to him that he would not allow anything that 'tis thought he dyed for want. The 1000 li. could not serve him long.
This Viscount Fairfax [340] died young. This Viscount Fairfax, as a schoolboy, married a gentleman's daughter [Pg 89] in the town there, who had only a thousand pounds. So, after leaving school, he insisted on having Mr. Isaac Barrow with him, promising to support him. But Lord Say was so cruel to him that he wouldn't allow any support, which is thought to be the reason he died from lack of resources. The 1000 li. couldn't last him long.

During this time old Mr. Thomas Barrow was shutt-up at Oxford and could not heare of his sonne. But young Isaac's master, Holbitch, found him out in London and courted him to come to his schoole and that he would make him his heire. But he did not care to goe to schoole again.
During this time, old Mr. Thomas Barrow was stuck at Oxford and hadn't heard from his son. However, young Isaac's master, Holbitch, discovered him in London and persuaded him to come to his school, saying he would make him his heir. But he didn't want to go back to school.

When my lord Fairfax faild and that he sawe he grew heavy upon him, he went to see one of his schoolfellowes, one Mr. Walpole, a Norfolke gent., who asked him 'What he would doe?' He replyed he 'knew not what to doe; he could not goe to his father at Oxford.' Mr. Walpole then told him 'I am goeing to Cambridge to Trinity College and I will maintaine you there'; and so he did for halfe a yeare till the surrender of Oxford; and then his father enquired after him and found him at Cambridge. And the very next day after old Mr. Barrow came to Cambridge, Mr. Walpole was leaving the University and (hearing nothing of Isaac's father) resolved to take Isaac along with him to his howse. His father then asked him what profession he would be of, a merchant or etc.? He begd of his father to lett him continue in the University. His father then asked what would maintain him. He told him 20 li. per annum: 'I warrant you,' sayd he, 'I will maintaine myselfe with it.' His father replyed 'I'le make a shift to allow you that.' So his father then went to his tutor and acquainted him of, etc. His tutor, Dr. Duport, told him that he would take nothing for his reading to him, for that he was likely to make a brave scholar, and he would helpe him to halfe a chamber for nothing. And the next newes his father heard of him was that he was chosen in to the howse.[341]Dr. Hill [342] was then master of [Pg 90]the college. He mett Isaac [343] one day and layd his hand upon his head and sayd 'thou art a good boy; 'tis pitty that thou art a cavalier.'
When my lord Fairfax failed and realized he was feeling down, he went to see one of his school friends, Mr. Walpole, a gentleman from Norfolk, who asked him, "What are you going to do?" He replied that he didn't know what to do; he couldn't go to his father at Oxford. Mr. Walpole then said, "I'm going to Cambridge to Trinity College, and I will support you there," and he did for half a year until the surrender of Oxford. Then his father inquired about him and found him at Cambridge. The very next day after old Mr. Barrow arrived at Cambridge, Mr. Walpole was leaving the university and, hearing nothing from Isaac's father, decided to take Isaac with him to his house. His father then asked him what profession he would choose, a merchant or something else? He begged his father to let him stay at the university. His father then asked what would support him. He told him 20 li. a year: "I assure you," he said, "I will manage with that." His father replied, "I can manage to give you that." So his father went to his tutor and informed him, etc. His tutor, Dr. Duport, told him that he would take nothing for his lessons because he was likely to become a great scholar, and he would help him with half a room for free. The next news his father heard was that he had been chosen into the house.[341]Dr. Hill [342] was then the master of [Pg 90]the college. He met Isaac [343] one day, laid his hand on his head, and said, "You're a good boy; it's a pity you're a cavalier."

He was a strong and a stowt man and feared not any man. He would fight with the butchers' boyes in St. Nicholas' shambles, and be hard enough for any of them.
He was a strong and tough man who feared no one. He would fight with the butchers' boys in St. Nicholas' market and was tough enough for any of them.

He went to travell 3 or 4 yeares after the king was beheaded, upon the colledge account [344]. He was a candidate for the Greeke professor's place, and had the consent of the University but Oliver Cromwell putt in Dr. Widrington [345]; and then he travelled.
He traveled for 3 or 4 years after the king was executed, on behalf of the college [344]. He was a candidate for the Greek professor's position and had the support of the University, but Oliver Cromwell appointed Dr. Widrington [345]; and then he traveled.

He was abroad 5 yeares [346], viz. in Italie, France, Germany, Constantinople.
He was abroad for 5 years [346], specifically in Italy, France, Germany, and Constantinople.

As he went to Constantinople, two men of warre (Turkish shippes) attacqued the vessell wherin he was. In which engagement he shewed much valour in defending the vessell; which the men that were in that engagement often testifye, for he never told his father of it himselfe.
As he made his way to Constantinople, two warships (Turkish ships) attacked the vessel he was on. During the battle, he displayed a lot of courage in defending the ship; those who were involved in the encounter often testify to this, as he never told his father about it himself.

Upon his returne, he came in ship to Venice, which was stowed with cotton-wooll, and as soon as ever they came on shore the ship fell on fire, and was utterly consumed, and not a man lost, but not any goods saved—a wonderfull preservation.
Upon his return, he arrived by ship in Venice, which was loaded with cotton wool, and as soon as they got ashore, the ship caught fire and was completely destroyed, yet no lives were lost, although none of the goods were saved—a remarkable rescue.

His personall valour—At Constantinople, being in company with the English merchants, there was a Rhadamontade that would fight with any man and bragged of his valour, and dared any man there to try him. So no man accepting his challenge, said Isaac (not then a divine), 'Why, if none els will try you I will'; and fell upon him and chastised him handsomely that he vaunted no more amongst them.
His personal bravery—In Constantinople, while he was with the English merchants, there was a guy who bragged about his fighting skills and dared anyone to face him. When nobody accepted his challenge, Isaac (who wasn’t a religious man at the time) said, “Well, if no one else will take you on, I will.” He then attacked him and taught him a lesson, so he stopped boasting in front of them.

After he had been 3 years beyond sea, his correspondent dyed, so that he had no more supply; yet he was so well beloved that he never wanted.
After he had been away for 3 years, his correspondent died, so he no longer had any support; yet he was so well-loved that he never lacked for anything.

At Constantinople he wayted on the consul Sir Thomas Bendish, who made him stay with him and kept him there a yeare and a halfe, whether he would or no.
At Constantinople, he served the consul Sir Thomas Bendish, who made him stay with him for a year and a half, whether he wanted to or not.

[Pg 91]
[Pg 91]

At Constantinople, Mr. Dawes (afterwards Sir Jonathan Dawes, who dyed sherif of London), a Turkey merchant, desired Mr. Barrow to stay but such a time and he would returne with him, but when that time came he could not goe, some businesse stayd him. Mr. Barrow could stay no longer; so Mr. Dawes would have had Mr. Barrow have C [347] pistolles. 'No,' said Mr. Barrow, 'I know not whether I shall be able to pay you.' ''Tis no matter,' said Mr. Dawes. To be short, forced him to take fifty pistolls, which at his returne he payd him again.
At Constantinople, Mr. Dawes (later Sir Jonathan Dawes, who became Sheriff of London), a Turkey merchant, asked Mr. Barrow to stay for a while, promising he would return with him. However, when the time came, he couldn’t go because something held him back. Mr. Barrow couldn't wait any longer, so Mr. Dawes insisted that Mr. Barrow take 50 pistoles. "No," said Mr. Barrow, "I'm not sure if I can repay you." "It's not a problem," replied Mr. Dawes. To keep it short, he forced Mr. Barrow to take the 50 pistoles, which he repaid when he returned.

[348]Memorandum, his pill (an opiate, possibly Matthews his pil), which he was wont to take in Turkey, which was wont to doe him good, but he tooke it preposterously at Mr. Wilson's, the sadler's, neer Suffolke-house, where he was wont to lye and where he dyed, and 'twas the cause of his death—quaere + de hoc there.
[348]Memorandum, his pill (an opiate, possibly Matthews' pill), which he used to take in Turkey, that usually helped him, but he took it improperly at Mr. Wilson's, the saddler's, near Suffolk House, where he used to stay and where he died, and that was the cause of his death—question + about this there.

As he lay expiring [349] in the agonie of death, the standers-by could heare him say softly 'I have seen the glories of the world'— Mr. Wilson.
As he lay dying [349] in the agony of death, the bystanders could hear him softly say, "I have seen the glories of the world."— Mr. Wilson.

I have heard Mr. Wilson say that when he was at study, was so intent at it that when the bed was made, or so, he heeded it not nor perceived it, was so totus in hoc; and would sometimes be goeing out without his hatt on.
I have heard Mr. Wilson say that when he was studying, he was so focused that he didn’t notice when the bed was made or anything else; he was so totus in hoc; and he would sometimes even go out without his hat on.

He was by no meanes a spruce man [350], but most negligent in his dresse. As he was walking one day in St. James's parke, looking ..., his hatt up, his cloake halfe on and halfe off, a gent. came behind him and clapt him on the shoulder and sayd 'Well, goe thy wayes for the veriest scholar that ever I [351] mett with.'
He was by no means a stylish guy [350], but really careless about his appearance. One day, as he was walking in St. James's Park, with his hat askew and his cloak half on and half off, a gentleman came up behind him, tapped him on the shoulder, and said, "Well, go on your way, you are the biggest scholar I [351] have ever met."

He was a strong man but pale as the candle he studyed by.
He was a strong man but as pale as the candle he studied by.

His stature was....
His status was....

The first booke he printed was Euclid's Elements in Latin, printed at Cambridge, impensis Gulielmi Nealand, bibliopolae, Anno Domini MDCLV.
The first book he printed was Euclid's Elements in Latin, printed at Cambridge, at the expense of William Nealand, bookseller, in the year 1655.

[Pg 92]
[Pg 92]

Euclidis data succincte demonstrata, printed at Cambridge ex officina Joannis Field, impensis Gulielmi Nealand, bibliopolae, anno Domini 1657.
Euclid's data briefly demonstrated, printed at Cambridge by the workshop of John Field, under the expenses of William Nealand, bookseller, in the year of our Lord 1657.

Euclid's Elements in English.
Euclid's Elements in English.

Euclid's Elements in Latin—in the last impressions of this is an appendix about the sphaere itselfe, it's segments and their surfaces, most admirably derived and demonstrated by the doctrine of infinite arithmetique and indivisibles.
Euclid's Elements in Latin—in the latest editions of this, there's an appendix about the sphere itself, its segments and their surfaces, most impressively explained and demonstrated using the principles of infinite arithmetic and indivisibles.

[352]Lectiones XVIII Cantabrigiae in scholis publicis habitae in quibus opticorum phaenomenωn genuinae rationes investigantur ac exponuntur. Annexae sunt lectiones aliquot geometricae. Londini, prostant venales apud Johannem Dunmore et Octavianum Pulleyn. MDCLXIX.
[352]Eighteen Lectures at Cambridge in Public Schools exploring and explaining the genuine principles of optical phenomena. Several geometric lectures are added. London, available for purchase from John Dunmore and Octavian Pulleyn. 1669.

Archimedes.
Archimedes.

Apollonius.
Apollonius.

Theodosius.
Theodosius.

Now printing, 22 initiating lectures about mathematics [353], to which will be subjoined some lectures that he read about Archimedes, proving that he was an algebraist, and giving his owne thoughts by what method Archimedes came to fall on his theoremes.
Now printing, 22 introductory lectures on mathematics [353], along with some lectures he gave on Archimedes, demonstrating that he was an algebraist and sharing his own thoughts on how Archimedes developed his theorems.

Bookes writ by the learned Dr. Isaac Barrow and printed for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pidgeons over against the Royall Exchange in Cornhill:—
Books written by the learned Dr. Isaac Barrow and printed for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pigeons across from the Royal Exchange in Cornhill:—

12 Sermons preached upon severall occasions; in 8vo, being the first volume.
12 sermons delivered on various occasions; in 8vo, being the first volume.

10 Sermons against evil speaking; in 8vo, being the second volume.
10 Sermons Against Gossiping; in 8vo, being the second volume.

8 Sermons of the love of God and our neighbour; in 8vo, being the third volume.
8 Sermons about the love of God and our neighbor; in 8vo, this is the third volume.

The duty and reward of bounty to the poor, in a sermon, much enlarged, preached at the Spittall upon Wednesday in Easter weeke anno Domini 1671, in 8vo.
The responsibility and blessing of generosity towards the poor, in a sermon, significantly expanded, delivered at the Spittal on Wednesday in Easter week, in the year of our Lord 1671, in 8vo.

A sermon upon the Passion of our blessed Saviour preached at Guildhall chapell on Good Fryday the 13th day of April 1677, in 8vo.
A sermon about the Passion of our blessed Savior preached at Guildhall chapel on Good Friday, April 13th, 1677, in 8vo.

[Pg 93]
[Pg 93]

A learned treatise of the Pope's supremacy, to which is added a discourse concerning the unity of the church; in 4to.
A scholarly essay on the Pope's authority, along with a discussion about the unity of the church; in 4to.

The sayd discourse concerning the Unity of the Church is also printed alone in 8vo.
The mentioned discussion about the Unity of the Church is also printed separately in 8vo.

An exposition of the Lord's Prayer, of the Ten Commandments, of the doctrine of the Sacraments; in 8vo.
An explanation of the Lord's Prayer, the Ten Commandments, and the teachings about the Sacraments; in 8vo.

All the sayd books of the learned Dr. Isaac Barrow (except the sermon of bounty to the poor) are since the author's death published by Dr. Tillotson, deane of Canterbury.
All the mentioned books by the learned Dr. Isaac Barrow (except for the sermon on generosity towards the poor) have been published after the author's death by Dr. Tillotson, dean of Canterbury.

'The true and lively effigies of Dr. Isaac Barrow' in a large print, ingraven from the life by the excellent artist D. Loggan; price, without frame, 6d.
'The true and vivid likeness of Dr. Isaac Barrow' in a large print, engraved from life by the talented artist D. Loggan; price, without frame, 6d.

[354]Thomas Barrow, (father of Isaac, S.T.D.) was brother to Isaac Barrow late lord bishop of St. Asaph, and sonne of Isaac Barrow of Spiney Abbey, who was sonne of Philip Barrow [355], who hath in print a method of Physick, and he had a brother Isaac Barrow, a Dr. of Physick, who was a benefactor to Trinity Colledge in Cambridge, and was there tutor to Robert Cecill that was earle of Salisbury and Lord Treasurer.
[354]Thomas Barrow, (father of Isaac, S.T.D.) was the brother of Isaac Barrow, who was the late Bishop of St. Asaph, and the son of Isaac Barrow of Spiney Abbey, who was the son of Philip Barrow [355]. Philip Barrow published a method of medicine, and he had a brother, Isaac Barrow, a Doctor of Medicine, who contributed to Trinity College in Cambridge, where he served as a tutor to Robert Cecil, who became the Earl of Salisbury and Lord Treasurer.

[356]Isaac Barrow, D.D., ( Cambridge , borne in Essex), is buried in the south crosse aisle of Westminster Abbey with this inscription [357]:—
[356]Isaac Barrow, D.D., ( Cambridge , born in Essex), is buried in the south cross aisle of Westminster Abbey with this inscription [357]:—

Isaacus Barrow
Isaac Barrow

S.T.P. Regi Carolo IIº a sacris
S.T.P. Regi Carolo IIº a sacris

A man almost divine and truly great if he possesses anything great. Piety, integrity, faith, extensive knowledge, and modesty, The most sacred and sweetest customs. Professor of Geometry at Gresham, London, The Greek language and Mathematics among the Cambridges. He adorned all the cathedrals, the church, and the people. The president of Collegium SS. Trinitatis highlighted, He truly enhanced the foundation of the library that is royal in nature. Wealth, honors, and the entire scope of life,
[Pg 94] Born for greater things, he did not disdain but left the world behind.
The God he has worshiped since childhood he has first imitated,
By helping a few, benefiting many, He continues to speak to future generations, even though he is dead.
More details, and nearly everything else, can be found in the writings.
Read and imitate.
Passed away on the 4th of May in the year 1677. aged 47. This monument was erected by friends.

This epitaph was contrived by Dr. John Mapletoft and perfected by Dr. Gale.
This epitaph was created by Dr. John Mapletoft and refined by Dr. Gale.

He was the ... son of ... Barrow, was a brewer at Lambith; a King's Scholar at Westminster.
He was the ... son of ... Barrow, was a brewer in Lambeth; a King's Scholar at Westminster.

Anno 1655 he printed at Cambridge Euclidis Elementorum libri XV breviter demonstrati.
In 1655, he published at Cambridge a concise demonstration of the fifteen books of Euclid's Elements.

Anno ..., he travelled; was at Constantinople; sawe part of Graece, Italie, France.
Anno ..., he traveled; was in Constantinople; saw parts of Greece, Italy, and France.

He was a good poet, of great modestie and humanity, careles of his dresse.
He was a good poet, very modest and compassionate, not concerned about his appearance.

... Barrow (16..-168.).

[358]Dr. ... Barrow, M.D., secretary to the lord generall Monke in Scotland, and who wrote the life or history of the generall, was cosen-german to Thomas (father of Isaac, D.D.). He was a very good-humoured man. He much resembled and spake like Dr. Ezerel Tong. Obiit 2 yeares since: quaere ubi.
[358]Dr. ... Barrow, M.D., secretary to Lord General Monke in Scotland, who wrote the biography or history of the general, was a cousin to Thomas (father of Isaac, D.D.). He was a very cheerful man. He resembled and spoke like Dr. Ezerel Tong. He passed away 2 years ago: inquire where.

Thomas Batchcroft (15..-1670).

[359]Memorandum: in Sir Charles Scarborough's time (he was of Caius College) Dr. ... (the head of that house) would visit the boyes' chambers, and see what they were studying; and Charles Scarborough's genius let him to the mathematics, and he was wont to be reading of Clavius upon Euclid. The old Dr. had found in the title '... ..., e Societate Jesu,' and was much scandalized [Pg 95]at it. Sayd he, 'By all meanes leave-off this author, and read Protestant mathematicall bookes.'
[359]Memorandum: during Sir Charles Scarborough's time (he was from Caius College), Dr. ... (the head of that college) would visit the students' rooms to see what they were studying. Charles Scarborough had a talent for mathematics and often read Clavius on Euclid. The old doctor was shocked when he saw the title '... ..., e Societate Jesu,' and exclaimed, 'By all means, stop reading this author and read Protestant mathematics books instead.' [Pg 95]

One sent this Doctor a pidgeon-pye from New-market or thereabout, and he askt the bearer whither 'twas hott, or cold? He did out-doe Dr. Kettle.
One person sent this Doctor a pigeon pie from Newmarket or somewhere nearby, and he asked the messenger whether it was hot or cold. He outdid Dr. Kettle.

George Bate (1608-1668).

[360]Kingston super Thames; north aisle chap.
[360]Kingston over the Thames; north aisle chapel.

Spe resurrectionis felicis
heic juxta sita est
Elizabetha
conjux lectissima
Georgii Bate, M.D.,
Car. 2 medici primarii,
Qui cineres suos adjacere curavit
ut qui unanimes convixerant
quasi unicorpores condormientes
una resurgant.
Mortem obiit 17 Apr., 1667, aet. 46
ex hydro-pulmon.,
funesta Londini conflagratione
acceleratam.
Obiit ille 19 Apr., 1668
aetatis suae 60.
Here lies the body of
Elizabeth,
the beloved wife
of George Bate, M.D.,
a primary physician under Charles II,
who arranged for their ashes to rest together
so that they who lived in harmony
might awaken as one.
She passed away on April 17, 1667, aged 46,
due to lung-related issues,
hastened by the disastrous fire in London.
He died on April 19, 1668,
at the age of 60.

Francis Beaumont (1584-1616).

[361]Mr. Francis Beaumont was the son of Judge Beaumont [362]. There was a wonderfull consimility of phansey [XIX.] between him and Mr. John Fletcher, which caused that dearnesse of frendship between them.
[361]Mr. Francis Beaumont was the son of Judge Beaumont [362]. There was a remarkable similarity in their imagination [XIX.] between him and Mr. John Fletcher, which led to their deep friendship.

[XIX.]
[XIX.]

Both of us __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ incredibly Consent to the stars.

Horace, lib. 2, ode 17.

Horace, book 2, ode 17.

I thinke they were both of Queen's College in Cambridge.
I think they were both from Queen's College in Cambridge.

I have heard Dr. John Earles (since bishop of Sarum), [Pg 96]who knew them, say that his maine businesse was to correct the overflowings [364] of Mr. Fletcher's witt.
I’ve heard Dr. John Earles (now the bishop of Sarum), [Pg 96] who was familiar with them, say that his main job was to rein in the excesses [364] of Mr. Fletcher's wit.

They lived together on the Banke side, not far from the Play-house, both batchelors; lay together—from Sir James Hales, etc.; had one wench in the house between them, which they did so admire; the same cloathes and cloake, &c., betweene them.
They lived together on the Banke side, not far from the theater, both bachelors; shared a bed—from Sir James Hales, etc.; had one girl in the house between them, whom they admired so much; the same clothes and cloak, etc., shared between them.

He writt (amongst many other) an admirable elegie on the countesse of Rutland, which is printed with verses before Sir Thomas Overburie's Characters. John Earles, in his verses on him, speaking of them,
He wrote (among many others) an amazing elegy for the Countess of Rutland, which is printed with the verses before Sir Thomas Overburie's Characters. John Earles, in his verses about him, speaking of them,

'A monument that will last forever,
When all her marble is more dust than she is.

Ex registro:—he was buryed at the entrance of St. Benedict's chapell where the earl of Middlesex' monument, in Westminster Abbey, March 9, 1615/6 [XX.].
Ex registro:—he was buried at the entrance of St. Benedict's chapel where is the earl of Middlesex's monument, in Westminster Abbey, March 9, 1615/6 [XX.].

[XX.] Memorandum:—Isaac Casaubon was buryed at the entrance of the same chapell. He dyed July 8, 1614.
[XX.] Memorandum:—Isaac Casaubon was buried at the entrance of the same chapel. He died on July 8, 1614.

I searched, severall yeares since, in the Register-booke of St. Mary Overies, for the obiit of Mr. John Fletcher, which I sent to Mr. Anthony à Wood.
I searched, several years ago, in the Register book of St. Mary Overies, for the obituary of Mr. John Fletcher, which I sent to Mr. Anthony à Wood.

He hath a very good prefatory letter before Mr. Speght's edition of Sir Geofrey Chaucer's Workes printed by Adam Islip, 1602, London, where he haz judicious observations of his writing.
He has a very good introductory letter before Mr. Speght's edition of Sir Geoffrey Chaucer's Works printed by Adam Islip in 1602, London, where he has thoughtful observations on his writing.

William Bedwell (15..-1632).

[365]... Bedwell, professor of ... at Gresham College, translated into English Pitisci Trigonometria. Published The turnament of Totnam. He was an Essex man—from his grand-niece.
[365]... Bedwell, a professor of ... at Gresham College, translated Pitisci's Trigonometria into English. He published The Tournament of Totnam. He was from Essex—according to his grand-niece.

William Beeston (16..-1682).

[366]Did I tell you that I have mett with old Mr ...[367] who knew all the old English poets, whose lives I am [Pg 97]taking from him: his father was master of the ... play-house.
[366]Did I mention that I met with old Mr ...[367] who knew all the classic English poets, whose lives I’m gathering from him: his father was the head of the ... theater. [Pg 97]

[368]The more to be admired, quaere—he was not a company keeper; lived in Shorditch; would not be debauched; and if invited to court, was in paine.
[368]The more you have to admire, ask yourself—he didn't keep company; lived in Shoreditch; wouldn't be corrupted; and if he was invited to court, he felt discomfort.

W. Shakespeare—quaere Mr. Beeston, who knowes most of him from Mr. Lacy. He lives in Shoreditch at Hoglane within 6 dores north of Folgate. Quaere etiam for Ben Jonson.
W. Shakespeare—ask Mr. Beeston, who knows a lot about him from Mr. Lacy. He lives in Shoreditch on Hoglane, six doors north of Folgate. Also, ask about Ben Jonson.

[369]Old Mr. Beeston, whom Mr. Dreyden calles 'the chronicle of the stage,' died at his house in Bishopsgate street without, about Bartholomew-tyde, 1682. Mr. Shipey in Somerset-house hath his papers.
[369]Old Mr. Beeston, referred to by Mr. Dreyden as 'the chronicle of the stage,' passed away at his home on Bishopsgate Street outside the city, around the time of Bartholomew's Day in 1682. Mr. Shipey at Somerset House has his documents.

Richard Benese (14..-1546).

[370]I did see, many yeares since, in a countrey-man's house, a little booke in 8vo in English, called
[370]I did see, many years ago, in a country man's house, a little book in 8vo in English, called

Arsmetrie, or the Art of numbring:
Arsmetrie, or the Art of Counting:

printed in an old black letter about Henry VIII. The author's name I doe not remember—quaere in Duck lane.
printed in an old black letter about Henry VIII. I don't remember the author's name—check in Duck lane.

The next old mathematicall booke in English that I have seen hath this title, viz:—
The next old math book in English that I’ve come across has this title, namely:—

This booke sheweth the manner of measuring of all manner of land, as well of woodland as of lande in the felde, and comptinge the true nombre of acres of the same.
This book shows how to measure all kinds of land, including woodland and farmland, and how to calculate the exact number of acres of each.

✠
✠

Newlye invented and compiled by Syr Rycharde Benese, chanon of Marton Abbay besyde London.
Newly invented and compiled by Sir Richard Benese, canon of Marton Abbey near London.

¶ Printed in Southwarke in Saint Thomas hospital by me James Nicolson.
¶ Printed in Southwark at Saint Thomas Hospital by me, James Nicolson.

'Tis a quarto.
It's a quarto.

[Pg 98]
[Pg 98]

[371]This Sir Richard Benese was also author of a little booke, in 8vo, called....
[371]This Sir Richard Benese was also the author of a small book, in 8vo, called....

: quaere Absolom Leech for it—'tis about physick.
: ask Absolom Leech about it—it's about medicine.

Berkeley.

[372]Mris ... Barckley, sister of the late lord Fitz-Harding [373], was cosen german to Mr. Sydney Godolphin, and also his mistresse. He loved her exceedingly. After Mr. Godolphin's death she maried one Mr. Davys who I thinke is now [374] dead, and she lives at Twicknam—from Philip Packer, esq.
[372]Mris ... Barckley, sister of the late Lord Fitz-Harding [373], was a cousin to Mr. Sydney Godolphin, and also his mistress. He loved her a lot. After Mr. Godolphin's death, she married Mr. Davys, who I think is now [374] dead, and she lives in Twickenham—from Philip Packer, esq.

Willoughby Bertie, 3rd earl of Abingdon (1692-1760).

[375] Bertie, filius primus Jacobi Bertie, 2^ndi filii Jacobi, comitis de Abington, natus Westmonast. 28 die Novembris, 2^h. P.M. 1692.—The child is yet living, notwithstanding the 8^th house [376]: mend the figure, but the time is right.
[375] Bertie, the first son of James Bertie, 2^nd son of James, Earl of Abington, born in Westminster on November 28, 1692, at 2:00 P.M.—The child is still alive, despite the 8^th house [376]: correct the figure, but the timing is accurate.

[377]I know not how to retreive the fashion or shape of the old engine of the battering-ramme, but from the coate of the Bertyes, which is 'or, 3 battering rammes barrewise,' as in the margent, the timber is proper, the head azure, the hornes and ironworke gilded.
[377]I don't know how to describe the design or form of the old battering ram, but from the coat of the Bertyes, which is 'or, 3 battering rams bar-wise,' as noted in the margin, the wood is suitable, the head is blue, and the horns and ironwork are gilded.

[378]Memorandum:—the battering ramme, the armes of Bertie, hung in equilibrio in an engine they call the [Pg 99]triangles—from Mr. Nicolas Mercator: vide Bertie's coate in primo volumine [379]. See [380] the old glasse windowes in Aldersgate street—from Mr. Bagshawe.
[378]Memorandum:—the battering ram, the weapons of Bertie, hung in balance in a device they call the [Pg 99]triangles—from Mr. Nicolas Mercator: see Bertie's coat in the first volume [379]. Check [380] the old glass windows on Aldersgate Street—from Mr. Bagshawe.

Henry Billingsley (15..-1606).

[381]Sir Henry Billingsley [AQ], knight.—On the north side of the chancell of St. Katharine Coleman church London at the upper end is this inscription, viz:—
[381]Sir Henry Billingsley [AQ], knight.—On the north side of the chancel of St. Katharine Coleman church in London at the upper end is this inscription, that is:—

Here lieth buried the body of Elizabeth, late the wife of Henry Billingsley, one of the Queene's majestie's customers of her port of London, who dyed the 29th day of July in the yeare of our Lord God 1577.
Here lies buried the body of Elizabeth, the late wife of Henry Billingsley, one of the Queen's Majesty's customers at the port of London, who died on the 29th day of July in the year of our Lord 1577.

In obitum ejus.
In his memory.

Each person's day comes, and the final hour of death. As God calls from here and envious death beckons; Neither you nor your piety or beauty, Elizabeth, Praesidium leto__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ don't be dragged down. After three cycles have passed with my spouse, You lived for seven decades. Your offspring have already made you numerous, Filiolae trinae, rest of the males. Upon the eleventh birth, when death approached and one She raised you and bore you for the eleventh time—
Certainly from the world, earthly from the refuse, and the bad,
He lifted it up; and he returned it to the gods and to God. Your true faith is a witness, your virtue is a witness, Virtue is pleasing to man, and faith is pleasing to God.
* * * * * * *
Who placed this tomb for you, dear spouse, in the same The dead himself seeks to be buried in a tomb.

the Register book .
the Register book .

Memorandum:—Billingsley (a village) is in the countie of Salop. 'Tis a Shropshire familie; but the village now is one Mr. Norton's.
Memorandum:—Billingsley (a village) is in the county of Shropshire. It’s a Shropshire family; but the village now belongs to Mr. Norton.

This Sir Henry Billingsley was one of the learnedst [Pg 100]citizens that London has bred. This was he that putt forth all Euclid's Elements in English with learned notes and preface of Mr. John Dee, and learned men say 'tis the best Euclid. He had been sheriff and Lord Mayor of the city of London. His howse was the faire howse in Fenchurch street where now Jacob Luce lives, a merchant, of of whom quaere +. Vide in Fuller's Worthies and Stowe's Survey. His Euclid was printed at London by John Day, 1570.
This Sir Henry Billingsley was one of the smartest citizens that London has produced. He was the one who published all of Euclid's Elements in English, complete with learned notes and a preface by Mr. John Dee. Scholars say it’s the best version of Euclid. He had served as sheriff and Lord Mayor of London. His house was the beautiful one on Fenchurch Street where Jacob Luce, a merchant, now lives. For more information, check Fuller's Worthies and Stowe's Survey. His Euclid was printed in London by John Day in 1570.

'The Translator to the Reader—Wherfore considering the want and lack of such good authors hitherto in our English tongue, lamenting also the negligence and lacke of zeale to their countrey in those of our nation to whom God hath given both knowledge and also abilitie to translate into our tongue and to publish abroad such good authors and bookes: Seeing moreover that many good witts, both of gentlemen and others of all degrees, much desirous and studious of these artes,—I have for their sakes with some chardge and great travaile faithfully translated into our vulgar tounge and set abroad in print this booke of Euclid wherunto I have added plaine declarations and examples, manifold additions, scholies, annotations, and inventions which I have gathered.'—He promises (here) some more translations and sayes that in religion he hath alreadie don, quaere.
The Translator to the Reader—Considering the lack of good authors in the English language, and lamenting the neglect and lack of enthusiasm among our people who have been granted both knowledge and the ability to translate and share these valuable works: I see that many talented individuals, both gentlemen and people of all backgrounds, are eager and dedicated to these arts. For their sake, I have worked hard and incurred some cost to faithfully translate this book of Euclid into our common language and published it. I have also added clear explanations and examples, along with various additions, notes, and insights that I have gathered. —He promises here some more translations and mentions that he has already done some in the realm of religion.

Memorandum P. Ramus in his Scholia's sayes that the reason why mathematiques did most flourish in Germanie was that the best authors were rendred into their mother tongue, and that publique lectures of it were also read in their owne tongue—quod nota bene.
Memorandum P. Ramus in his Scholia says that the reason why mathematics thrived the most in Germany was that the best authors were translated into their native language, and that public lectures on it were also given in their own language—quod nota bene.

Memorandum when I was a boy, one Sir ... Billingsley had a very pleasant seate with a faire [383] oake-wood adjoyning to it, about a mile ½ [384] east of Bristoll—quaere if [385], etc.
Memorandum: When I was a boy, there was a man named Sir ... Billingsley who had a very nice house with a beautiful oak tree next to it, about a mile and a half east of Bristol—questions to consider if, etc.

Vide de Sir Thomas Billingsley, pag. <44b>[386]; who was gentleman of the horse to Richard, earl of Dorset. He [Pg 101]managed the great horse best of any man in England. He taught the Prince Elector and brothers to ride. Quaere if descended hence.
Vide of Sir Thomas Billingsley, pag. <44b>[386]; who was a gentleman of the horse to Richard, earl of Dorset. He [Pg 101]managed the great horse better than anyone else in England. He taught the Prince Elector and his brothers how to ride. Question if he is descended from here.

In those dayes [387] merchants travelled much abroad into Italie, Spaine, etc. Quaere Mr. Abraham Hill of what company he was. Probably good memorialls may be there found of his generous and publique spirit. Respondet:—He was of the Goldsmiths' Company, where is a good picture of him.
In those days [387] merchants traveled widely to Italy, Spain, and other places. Ask Mr. Abraham Hill about what group he belonged to. There are likely good records there of his generous and public spirit. Response:—He was part of the Goldsmiths' Company, where there's a good portrait of him.

R. B., i.e. Robert [388] Billingsley, teaches Arithmetique and Mathematiques at ... in.... He hath printed a very pretty little booke of arithmetique and algebra, London (scilicet, Idea of Arithmetic): was Sir Henry's great grandson—from Mr. Abraham Hill, Regiae Societatis Socius.
R. B., or Robert [388] Billingsley, teaches Arithmetic and Mathematics at ... in.... He has published a charming little book on arithmetic and algebra in London (specifically, Idea of Arithmetic): he was Sir Henry's great-grandson—from Mr. Abraham Hill, Fellow of the Royal Society.

[389]In the table of benefactors in the church of St. Catherine Colman, viz.—
[389]In the list of donors in the church of St. Catherine Colman, namely—

'1603 {Dame Elizabeth} Billingsley did will to the poor 1s. per
{Sir Henry }

'1603 {Dame Elizabeth} Billingsley did well to the poor 1s. per
{Sir Henry}

weeke for ever and 200li. which their heires etc. have not payd'—
weeke forever and 200li. which their heirs etc. have not paid'—

The minister here, Mr. Dodson, sayes that it was not payd because the parish did not find-out in due time land to make a purchase of.
The minister here, Mr. Dodson, says that it wasn't paid because the parish didn’t find land to purchase in time.

Many yeares since Mr. Abraham Hill, Regiae Societatis Socius, citizen, told me that Sir Henry Billingsley was of the Goldsmiths' Company, and that his picture was in Goldsmiths' Hall, which I went lately to see. No picture of him, and besides the clarke of the Company told me that he is sure he was never of that Company. But Mr. Hill tells me since that in Stowe's Survey you may see of what Company all the Lord Mayers were, which see [390] and tell me.
Many years ago, Mr. Abraham Hill, a member of the Royal Society, told me that Sir Henry Billingsley was part of the Goldsmiths' Company and that his portrait was in Goldsmiths' Hall, which I recently went to check out. There was no picture of him, and the clerk of the Company assured me that he was never a member. But Mr. Hill later informed me that in Stowe's Survey, you can see which Company all the Lord Mayors belonged to, so take a look at that [390] and let me know.

[391]Sir H. Billingsley—Mr. Leeke, mathematician, saith that he was of the company of goldsmiths, quaere. Quaere [Pg 102]the clarke of the company: vide register booke. Vide Heralds' Office (Salop, and neer Bristowe). Vide Fuller's Worthyes where he mentions the Lord Mayers.
[391]Sir H. Billingsley—Mr. Leeke, a mathematician, says that he was part of the goldsmiths' company, so we should ask more about it. You should check with the clerk of the company: see the register book. Check the Heralds' Office (Salop, and near Bristol). Check Fuller's Worthies where he mentions the Lord Mayors. [Pg 102]

[392]Ex registro :—Sir Henry Billingsley, knight, buried in the vault under his pewe in the church of St. Catherine Coleman, London, December the 18th, 1606. I find by the register that he had two more wives besides Elizabeth mentioned in the inscription; his second was the lady Trapps; third,....
[392]From the register :—Sir Henry Billingsley, knight, was buried in the vault beneath his pew in the church of St. Catherine Coleman, London, on December 18th, 1606. The register shows that he had two more wives in addition to Elizabeth mentioned in the inscription; his second was Lady Trapps; third,....

Memorandum his house (which is a very faire one), which is neer the church, is still remayning untoucht by the fire. In the parlour windowe are scutchions of his family, which gett. There now lives Mr. Lucy [393], a great merchant.
Memorandum: his house (which is very nice), located near the church, is still untouched by the fire. In the parlor window are the coats of arms of his family, which are still there. Mr. Lucy [393], a prominent merchant, now lives there.

He was sheriff of the citie of London anno Domini <1584>, reginae Elizabethae 26; he was Lord Mayor of the city of London anno Domini <1596>, reginae Elizabethae 38—Sir Thomas Skinner served one part and Sir Henry Billingsley the other:—Baker's Chronicle, reigne queen Elizabeth.
He was the sheriff of the City of London in the year 1584, during the 26th year of Queen Elizabeth's reign; he was the Lord Mayor of the City of London in 1596, during the 38th year of Queen Elizabeth's reign—Sir Thomas Skinner served one part and Sir Henry Billingsley the other:—Baker's Chronicle, reign of Queen Elizabeth.

[394]Out of the visitation in the great booke [395] of Wilts, Dorset, and Somerset:—
[394]From the records in the huge book [395] of Wiltshire, Dorset, and Somerset:—

Sir Henry Billingsley, married ... Lord Mayor | | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | | | 1. Sir Henry Billingsley, 2. William Billingsley, m. ... 3. Thomas [396] of Sysam in | Gloucestershire, | son and heir. +--------------+--------------+ | | 1. Henry Billingsley, m. ... 2. Thomas of Gray's Inn | | +-------+-------+ | | 1. Blanch 2. Elizabeth

[Pg 103]

[397]Sir Henry Billingsley<'s life is> already donne [398]. Friar Whitehead [AR], of Austin Friars (now Wadham College), did instruct him. He kept him at his house and there I thinke he dyed.
[397]Sir Henry Billingsley's life is already done [398]. Friar Whitehead [AR], from Austin Friars (now Wadham College), taught him. He hosted him at his house and I believe that’s where he died.

Notes.

[AQ] Aubrey gives in colour this very elaborate coat:—'quarterly in the 1 and 4, gules, a fleur-de-lys or, a canton of the second; in the 2, ..., on a cross between four lions rampant 5 mullets ...; in the 3, per saltire or and azure two birds (? martlets); impaling, quarterly, in the 1 and 4, azure 2 lions passant in pale or; in the 2, or, a fess sable, 2 mullets in chief gules; in the 3, barry of six argent and gules a bend sable and a canton gules.'
[AQ] Aubrey describes this very detailed coat of arms:—'quarterly in the 1 and 4, red, a gold fleur-de-lys, with a canton of the second; in the 2, ..., on a cross between four rampant lions, 5 five-pointed stars ...; in the 3, divided diagonally in gold and blue two birds (possibly martlets); impaling, quarterly, in the 1 and 4, blue with 2 gold lions standing one above the other; in the 2, gold, a black horizontal stripe with 2 red stars above it; in the 3, six horizontal stripes of silver and red with a black diagonal stripe and a red canton.'

[AR] See Clark's Wood's City of Oxford, ii. 454, 471. It is suggested that Billingsley in his Euclid published Whitehead's papers as his own.
[AR] See Clark's Wood's City of Oxford, ii. 454, 471. It's suggested that Billingsley took Whitehead's papers and published them as if they were his own.

Martin Billingsley.

[399]Mr. Martin Billingsley (captain Shirburne knew him) was a writing master in London. He printed an excellent copie-booke (quaere if he descended from this [400]): vide his scutcheon [401] above his picture before his booke.
[399]Mr. Martin Billingsley (Captain Shirburne knew him) was a writing teacher in London. He published an excellent copybook (wonder if he was related to this [400]): see his coat of arms [401] above his picture in front of his book.

[402]Martin Billingsley, who made the copie booke, 1623, port.[403] ut in margine, '..., a cross between 4 lions rampant ..., 5 mullets ... on the cross.'
[402]Martin Billingsley, who created the copy book, 1623, port.[403] written in the margin, '..., a combination of 4 lions rampant ..., 5 stars ... on the cross.'

Richard Billingsley.

[404]Richard Billingsley [405] scripsit:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Richard Billingsley__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ writes:—

'An Idea of Arithmetick, at first designed for the use of the free-schoole at Thurlow in Suffolk, by R. B. schoolmaster there': stitch't 8vo, 3 sheetes, London, 'printed by J. Flesher, and are to be sold by W. Morden booke-seller in Cambridge, 1655.'
'An Idea of Arithmetic, initially created for the free school at Thurlow in Suffolk, by R. B., the schoolmaster there': stitched 8vo, 3 sheets, London, 'printed by J. Flesher, and sold by W. Morden, bookseller in Cambridge, 1655.'

Thomas Billingsley (obiit 167..).

[406]Sir Thomas Billingsley was the best horseman in England, and out of England no man exceeded him.
[406]Sir Thomas Billingsley was the best rider in England, and outside of England, no one was better than him.

[Pg 104]
[Pg 104]

He taught this [407] earle and his 30 gentlemen to ride the great horse. He taught this [408] Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine and his brothers.
He taught this [407] Earl of Dorset and his 30 knights to ride the big horse. He also taught this [408] Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine and his brothers.

He ended his dayes at the countesse of Thanet's (daughter and co-heire of Richard, earl of Dorset) ... 167-; dyed praying on his knees.
He ended his days at the Countess of Thanet's (daughter and co-heir of Richard, Earl of Dorset) ... 167-; died praying on his knees.

John Birkenhead (1615-1679).

[409]Sir John Birkenhead, knight, was borne at Nantwych [410] in Cheshire. His father was a sadler there, and he had a brother a sadler, a trooper in Sir Thomas Ashton's regiment, who was quartered at my father's, who told me so.
[409]Sir John Birkenhead, knight, was born in Nantwych [410] in Cheshire. His father was a saddler there, and he had a brother who was also a saddler and a soldier in Sir Thomas Ashton’s regiment, who was stationed at my father's place, who told me that.

He went to Oxford university at ... old, and was first a servitor of Oriall colledge: vide Antiq. Oxon.[411] Mr. Gwin [412], minister of Wilton, was his contemporary there, who told me he wrote an excellent hand, and, in 163[7 or 8] when William Laud, archbishop of Canterbury, was last there, he had occasion to have some things well transcribed, and this Birkenhead was recommended to him, who performed [413] his businesse so well, that the archbishop recommended him to All Soules' college to be a fellow, and he was accordingly elected [414]. He was scholar enough, and a poet.
He went to Oxford University at ... years old and was initially a servitor at Oriel College: see Antiq. Oxon.[411] Mr. Gwin [412], the minister of Wilton, was his contemporary there and told me he had excellent handwriting. In 163[7 or 8], when William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, was last there, he needed some things transcribed well, and this Birkenhead was recommended to him. He handled his work so well that the Archbishop recommended him to All Souls' College to be a fellow, and he was elected accordingly [414]. He was knowledgeable and a poet.

After Edgehill fight, when King Charles I first had his court at Oxford, he was pitched upon as one fitt to write the Newes, which Oxford Newes was called Mercurius Aulicus, which he writt wittily enough, till the surrender of the towne (which was June 24, 1646). He left a collection of all his Mercurius Aulicus's and all his other pamphletts, which his executors (Sir Richard Mason and Sir Muddiford Bramston) were ordered by the king to give to the Archbishop of Canterbury's library.
After the Edgehill battle, when King Charles I first set up his court in Oxford, he chose someone suitable to write the news, which was called the Oxford News Mercurius Aulicus. He wrote it quite cleverly until the town surrendered on June 24, 1646. He left behind a collection of all his Mercurius Aulicus issues and other pamphlets, which his executors (Sir Richard Mason and Sir Muddiford Bramston) were instructed by the king to donate to the Archbishop of Canterbury's library.

[Pg 105]
[Pg 105]

After the surrender of Oxford, he was putt out of his fellowship by the Visitors, and was faine to shift for himselfe as well as he could. Most part of his time he spent at London, where he mett with severall persons of quality that loved his company, and made much of him.
After the surrender of Oxford, he was removed from his fellowship by the Visitors and had to fend for himself as best as he could. Most of his time was spent in London, where he met various people of high status who enjoyed his company and treated him well.

He went over into France, where he stayed some time, I thinke not long. He received grace there from the dutches of Newcastle, I remember he tolde me.
He went over to France, where he stayed for a while, not too long, I think. He got some assistance from the Duchess of Newcastle, if I remember correctly.

He gott many a fourty shillings (I beleeve) by pamphletts, such as that of 'Col. Pride,' and 'The Last Will and Testament of Philip earle of Pembroke,' &c.
He got many forty shillings (I believe) from pamphlets, like 'Col. Pride,' and 'The Last Will and Testament of Philip Earl of Pembroke,' etc.

At the restauration of his majestie he was made Master of the Facultees, and afterwards one of the Masters of Requests. He was exceedingly confident [415], witty, not very gratefull to his benefactors, would lye damnably. He was of midling stature, great goggli eies, not of a sweet aspect.
At the restoration of his majesty, he was appointed Master of the Faculties and later became one of the Masters of Requests. He was very confident [415], witty, not very grateful to his benefactors, and would lie shamelessly. He was of average height, had large googly eyes, and had an unattractive appearance.

He was chosen a burghes of Parliament at Wilton in Wiltshire, anno Domini 166<1>, i.e. of the King's long parliament. Anno 167<9> upon the choosing of this Parliament [416], he went downe to be elected, and at Salisbury heard [417] how he was scorned and mocked at Wilton (whither he was goeing) and called Pensioner, etc.—
He was elected as a member of Parliament for Wilton in Wiltshire in the year 1661, during the King's long parliament. In 1679, when this Parliament was being elected, he went down to participate in the election, and in Salisbury, he heard how he was ridiculed and mocked in Wilton (where he was headed) and was called "Pensioner," among other things—

He sold his homeland for gold and his powerful master. He imposed; he established laws with a price, and he restored them.

Virg. Aeneid, lib. vi. 621.

Virg. Aeneid, book 6, line 621.

—This was Curio: vide Servium de hoc]—he went not to the borough where he intended to stand; but returned to London, and tooke it so to heart that he insensibly decayed and pined away; and so, December ...[XXI.], 1679, dyed at his lodgeings in Whitehall, and was buried Saturday, December 6, in St. Martyn's churchyard [XXII.] in-the-Fields, neer the church, according to his will and testament. His executors intend to sett up an inscription for him against the church wall.
—This was Curio: see Servium on this—he didn’t go to the borough where he planned to stand; instead, he returned to London and took it so hard that he slowly wasted away. So, in December …[XXI.], 1679, he died at his lodgings in Whitehall and was buried on Saturday, December 6, in St. Martin's churchyard [XXII.] in-the-Fields, near the church, as per his will. His executors plan to put up a memorial for him on the church wall.

[Pg 106]
[Pg 106]

[XXI.] quaere Anthony Wood to whom I writt the day of his death, which as I remember was the same day that Mr. Hobbes died.
[XXI.] inquire Anthony Wood to whom I wrote on the day of his death, which, as I recall, was the same day that Mr. Hobbes passed away.

[XXII.] His reason [418] was because he sayd they removed the bodies out of the church.
[XXII.] His reason [418] was that he said they took the bodies out of the church.

He had the art of locall memory; and his topiques were the chambers, &c., in All Soules colledge (about 100), so that for 100 errands, &c., he would easily remember.
He had a remarkable memory, and his methods for remembering were based on the rooms and spaces in All Souls College (about 100), so he could easily recall things for 100 tasks or similar needs.

[419]He was created Dr. of LL.; had been with the king [420]. His library was sold to Sir Robert Atkins for 200 li. His MSS. (chiefly copies of records) for 900 li.
[419]He earned his Doctor of Laws; he had served the king [420]. His library was sold to Sir Robert Atkins for 200 pounds. His manuscripts (mainly copies of records) sold for 900 pounds.

Henry Birkhead (1617-1696).

[421]My old acquaintance, Dr. Henry Birkhed, formerly fellow of your college [422] (but first was commoner of Trinity College Oxon) was an universally d man.
[421]My old friend, Dr. Henry Birkhed, who used to be a fellow at your college [422] (but originally was a commoner at Trinity College Oxford) was a universally loved man.

He had his schoole education under Mr. Farnary [423] and beloved disciple.
He received his education under Mr. Farnary [423] and was his cherished student.

He died at the Bird-cage (at his sister's, Mris Knight, the famous singer) in St. James's parke, Michaelmas-eve 1696, aged about 80.
He died at the Bird-cage (at his sister's, Mrs. Knight, the famous singer) in St. James's Park, on Michaelmas Eve 1696, at around 80 years old.

He was borne in London Paul-head tavern (which his father kept) in Paule's chaine St. Paul's church-yard anno 1617, baptized the 25 of September. John Gadbury haz his nativity from him.
He was born in London at the Paul-head tavern (which his father ran) in Paul's chain in St. Paul's churchyard in 1617, baptized on September 25. John Gadbury is from him.

I will aske his sister (Mris Knight) for a very ingeniose diatribe that he wrote on Martialis epigram. lib. ,
I will ask his sister (Mrs. Knight) for a very clever critique that he wrote on Martial's epigram, book ,

jura, verpe, per Anchialum,
jura, verpe, per Anchialum,

which he haz cleared beyond his master Farnaby, Scaliger, or any other. 'Scaliger,' he sayd, 'speakes the truth, but not the whole truth.' 'Tis pity it should be lost, and I would reposit it in the Museum.
which he has cleared beyond his master Farnaby, Scaliger, or anyone else. 'Scaliger,' he said, 'speaks the truth, but not the whole truth.' It's a shame it should be lost, and I would put it in the Museum.

I gave my Holyoke's dictionary to the Museum. Pray looke on the blank leaves at the end of it, and you will find a thundering copie of verses that he gave me, in the praise of this king [424] of France. Now he is dead, it may be look't-upon.
I donated my Holyoke's dictionary to the Museum. Please check the blank pages at the end, and you’ll find a powerful poem he wrote for me praising this king of France. Now that he’s passed away, it can be viewed.

[Pg 107]
[Pg 107]

Richard Blackbourne (1652-17..?).

[425]Richard Blackburne, Londinensis, was of Trinity College, Cambridge, M.A. Tooke his M.D. degree at Leyden about 5 or 6 yeares since. He practises but little; studies much. A generall scholar, prodigious memorie, sound judgment; but 30 yeares old now.
[425]Richard Blackburne, from London, graduated with an M.A. from Trinity College, Cambridge. He obtained his M.D. degree at Leyden about 5 or 6 years ago. He practices medicine very little and studies a lot. He is a well-rounded scholar with an incredible memory and good judgment, but he is now 30 years old.

John Blagrave (1550-1611).

In MS. Aubr. 8 (Aubrey's Lives of English Mathematicians), fol. 76, 'Mr. John Blagrave of Reding' is noted as a life to be written, and the coat is given in trick 'or, on a bend sable, 3 greaves argent.' In the Index (fol. 8) at the beginning of the same volume he is noted:—
In MS. Aubr. 8 (Aubrey's Lives of English Mathematicians), fol. 76, 'Mr. John Blagrave of Reading' is mentioned as a life to be written, and the coat of arms is described as 'or, on a bend sable, 3 greaves argent.' In the Index (fol. 8) at the beginning of the same volume, he is mentioned:—

'John Blagrave of Reding, vide his will, quaere Mr. Morden.'
'John Blagrave of Reading, see his will, check with Mr. Morden.'

Robert Blake (1599-1657).

[426]... Blake, admirall, was borne at ... in com. Somerset; was [427] of Albon-hall, in Oxford. He was there a young man of strong body, and good parts. He was an early riser and studyed well, but also tooke his robust pleasures of fishing, fowling, &c. He would steale swannes—from H. Norborne, B.D., his contemporary there [428].
[426]... Blake, the admiral, was born at ... in Somerset; was [427] of Albon Hall, in Oxford. He was a strong young man with good qualities. He woke up early and studied hard, but also enjoyed his robust pastimes like fishing and hunting. He would sneak swans from H. Norborne, B.D., who was his contemporary there [428].

He served in the House of Commons for....[429] Anno Domini <1649> he was made admirall. He did the greatest actions at sea that ever were done, viz.,....
He served in the House of Commons for....[429] Year 1649 he was made admiral. He accomplished the greatest feats at sea that have ever been achieved, namely,....

... Blake obiit anno Domini <1657> and was buried in King Henry 7th's chapell; but upon the returne of the king, his body was taken up again and removed by Mr. Wells' occasion, and where it is now, I know not. Quaere Mr. Wells of Bridgewater.
... Blake died in the year 1657 and was buried in King Henry VII's chapel; but when the king returned, his body was exhumed and moved by Mr. Wells' doing, and I do not know where it is now. Ask Mr. Wells of Bridgewater.

Vide Diurnalls, and Rushworth's History; vide Anthony Wood's Hist. .
Vide Diurnalls, and Rushworth's History; see Anthony Wood's Hist. .

[Pg 108]
[Pg 108]

Sir Henry Blount (1602-1682).

[430]Sir Henry Blount, Tittinghanger, natus Dec. 15, 1602, 9^h P.M.
[430]Sir Henry Blount, Tittinghanger, born Dec. 15, 1602, 9^h PM

[431]Sir Henry Blount obiit 9th Oct. last [432] in the morning.
[431]Sir Henry Blount passed away on the morning of October 9th [432].

[433]Sir Henry Blount [AS], knight:—he was borne (I presume) at Tittinghanger in the countie of Hertford. It was heretofore the summer seate of the Lord Abbot of St. Alban's.
[433]Sir Henry Blount [AS], knight:—he was born (I assume) at Tittinghanger in Hertfordshire. It used to be the summer residence of the Lord Abbot of St. Alban's.

He was of Trinity College in Oxford [434], where was a great acquaintance [435] between him and Mr. Francis Potter. He stayed there about yeares. From thence he went to Grayes Inne, where he stayd ... and then sold his chamber there to Mr. Thomas Bonham [AT] (the poet) and travelled—voyage into the Levant. May 7, 1634, he embarqued at Venice for Constantinople: vide his Voyage into the Levant, printed London 16—, in 4to. He returned....
He was part of Trinity College in Oxford [434], where he had a close friendship [435] with Mr. Francis Potter. He was there for about years. After that, he went to Gray's Inn, where he stayed ... and then sold his room there to Mr. Thomas Bonham [AT] (the poet) and traveled on a journey to the Levant. On May 7, 1634, he embarked at Venice for Constantinople: see his Voyage into the Levant, printed in London 16—, in 4to. He returned....

He was pretty wild when young, especially addicted to common wenches. He was a 2d brother.
He was quite wild when he was young, especially into common women. He was a 2nd brother.

He was a gentleman pensioner to King Charles I, on whom he wayted (as it was his turne) to Yorke (when the King deserted the Parliament); was with him at Edge-hill fight; came with him to Oxford; and so returned to London; walkt [436] into Westminster hall with his sword by his side; the Parliamentarians all stared upon him as a Cavaleer, knowing that he had been with the King: was called before the House of Commons, where he remonstrated to them he did but his duty, and so they acquitted him.
He was a gentleman pensioner to King Charles I, who he served (as it was his turn) in York when the King left the Parliament. He fought alongside him at the Battle of Edgehill, accompanied him to Oxford, and then returned to London; he walked into Westminster Hall with his sword by his side. The Parliamentarians all stared at him as a Cavalier, knowing he had been with the King. He was summoned before the House of Commons, where he explained that he was just doing his duty, and they let him go.

In these dayes he dined most commonly at the Heycock's [437] ordinary, neer the Pallzgrave-head taverne, in the Strand, which was much frequented by Parliament-men and gallants. One time colonel Betridge being there [Pg 109](one [438] of the handsomest men about the towne) and bragged much how the woemen loved him; Sir H. Blount did lay a wager of ... with him that let them two goe together to a bordello; he only (without money) with his handsome person, and Sir Henry with a XXs. piece on his bald crowne, that the wenches should choose Sir Henry before Betridge; and Sir H. won the wager. E W, esq., was one of the witnesses.
In these days, he usually had lunch at the Heycock's [437] ordinary, near the Pallzgrave-head tavern in the Strand, which was popular with members of Parliament and fashionable people. One time, Colonel Betridge was there [Pg 109] (one of the most handsome men in town) and boasted a lot about how much women loved him; Sir H. Blount placed a bet with him that if they both went to a brothel—he without any money, just relying on his good looks, and Sir Henry with a XXs. coin on his bald head—the women would choose Sir Henry over Betridge. Sir H. won the bet. E W, esq., was one of the witnesses.

Memorandum:—there was about 164.. a pamphlet (writt by Henry Nevill, esq., ἀνονυμῶς) called The Parliament of Ladies, 3 or 4 sheets in 4to, wherin Sir Henry Blount was first to be called to the barre for spreading abroad that abominable and dangerous doctrine that it was far cheaper and safer to lye with common wenches [439] then with ladies of quality [440].
Memorandum:—around 164, there was a pamphlet (written by Henry Nevill, esq., anonymously) titled The Parliament of Ladies, 3 or 4 sheets in 4to, where Sir Henry Blount was the first to be called to the bar for spreading the vile and dangerous idea that it was much cheaper and safer to sleep with common women [439] than with highborn ladies [440].

☞ His estate left him by his father was 500 li. per annum, which he sold to ... (quaere) for an annuitie of 1000 li. per annum in anno Domini 16..; and since his elder brother dyed.
☞ His estate inherited from his father was 500 li. per year, which he sold to ... (see) for an annuity of 1000 li. per year in the year 16..; and since his older brother died.

Anno Domini 165<[*½]> he was made one of the comittee for regulating the lawes. He was severe against tythes, and for the abolishing them, and that every minister should have 100 li. per annum and no more.
Anno Domini 165<[*½]> he was appointed to the committee for revising the laws. He was strict about tithes and advocated for their abolishment, insisting that every minister should receive 100 li. per year and no more.

Since he was ... year old he dranke nothing but water or coffee. 1647 or therabout, he maryed to Mris [Hester[d]] Wase, [daughter of Christopher Wase [441]], who dyed 1679; by whom he haz two sonnes, ingeniose young gentlemen. Charles Blount (his second son) hath writt Anima Mundi, 8vo, 167<9> (burnt by order of the bishop of London) and of Sacrifices, 8vo.
Since he was ... years old, he drank nothing but water or coffee. Around 1647, he married Mrs. Hester Wase, daughter of Christopher Wase, who died in 1679; with her, he had two sons, talented young men. Charles Blount (his second son) wrote *Anima Mundi*, 8vo, 1679 (burnt by order of the Bishop of London) and also *Sacrifices*, 8vo.

I remember twenty yeares since he inveighed much against sending youths to the universities—quaere if his sons there—because they learnt there to be debaucht; and that the learning that they learned there [442] they were to [Pg 110]unlearne againe, as a man that is buttond or laced too hard, must unbutton before he can be at his ease. Drunkennesse he much exclaimed against, but he allowed wenching. When coffee first came-in he was a great upholder of it, and hath ever since been a constant frequenter of coffee houses, especially Mr. ... Farre at the Rainbowe by Inner Temple Gate, and lately John's coffee house in Fuller's rents.
I remember twenty years ago he strongly criticized sending young people to universities—let's see if his sons went there—because they ended up being corrupted; and that the knowledge they acquired there [442] they had to [Pg 110]unlearn, like someone who is buttoned or laced too tightly must unbutton before they can be comfortable. He often railed against drunkenness but was fine with casual relationships. When coffee first became popular, he was a big supporter of it and has since been a regular visitor to coffee houses, especially Mr. ... Farre at the Rainbowe by Inner Temple Gate, and more recently, John's coffee house in Fuller's rents.

☞ The first coffee house in London [XXIII.] was in St. Michael's Alley in Cornehill, opposite to the Church; which was sett up by one ... Bowman (coachman to Mr. Hodges, a Turkey merchant, who putt him upon it) in or about the yeare 1652. 'Twas about 4 yeares before any other was sett up, and that was by Mr. Far. Jonathan Paynter, opposite to St. Michael's Church, was the first apprentice to the trade, viz. to Bowman. Memorandum:—the Bagneo, in Newgate Street, was built and first opened in Decemb. 1679: built by ... (Turkish merchants).
☞ The first coffee house in London [XXIII.] was located in St. Michael's Alley in Cornhill, across from the Church. It was established by a coachman named Bowman, who worked for Mr. Hodges, a Turkey merchant who encouraged him to start it, around the year 1652. It was about four years before another coffee house opened, which was by Mr. Far. Jonathan Paynter, who was the first apprentice in the trade, worked for Bowman. Note: The Bagneo, on Newgate Street, was built and opened for the first time in December 1679, constructed by Turkish merchants.

[XXIII.] And the next was Mr. Farr's a barber, which was set up in anno....
[XXIII.] And next was Mr. Farr's, a barber shop, which was established in anno....

He is a gentleman of a very clear judgement, great experience, much contemplation, not of very much reading, of great foresight into government. His conversation is admirable. When he was young, he was a great collector of bookes, as his sonne is now.
He is a man of clear judgment, rich experience, deep thought, not a huge amount of reading, and great insight into government. His conversations are impressive. When he was younger, he was an avid book collector, just like his son is today.

He was heretofore a great shammer, i.e. one that tells falsities not to doe any body any injury, but to impose on their understanding:—e.g. at Mr. Farre's; that at an inne (nameing the signe) in St. Alban's, the inkeeper had made a hogs-trough of a free-stone coffin; but the pigges, after that, grew leane, dancing and skipping, and would run up on the topps of the houses like goates. Two young gentlemen that heard Sir H. tell this sham so gravely, rode the next day to St. Alban's to enquire: comeing there, nobody had heard of any such thing, 'twas altogether false. The next night as soon as the allighted, they came to the Rainbowe and found Sir H., looked louringly on him, and told him they wonderd he was not ashamed to tell such storys as, &c., 'Why, gentlemen,' (sayd Sir H.) 'have you been there to make[Pg 111] enquiry?' 'Yea,' sayd they. 'Why truly, gentlemen,' sayd Sir H. 'I heard you tell strange things that I knew to be false. I would not have gonne over the threshold of the dore to have found you in a lye:' at which all the company laught at the two young gentlemen.
He used to be quite the shammer, meaning he told lies not to harm anyone, but to confuse people: for example, at Mr. Farre's place; he claimed that at an inn (naming the sign) in St. Alban's, the innkeeper had made a hog trough out of a gravestone coffin; but afterward, the pigs grew thin, danced around, and would run on the rooftops like goats. Two young men who heard Sir H. tell this sham so seriously rode to St. Alban's the next day to check it out. When they got there, nobody had heard of anything like that; it was completely false. The next night, as soon as they got off their horses, they went to the Rainbowe and found Sir H., glared at him, and told him they wondered how he could be ashamed of telling such stories, etc. "Well, gentlemen," said Sir H., "did you go there to investigate?" "Yes," they replied. "Well, to be honest, gentlemen," Sir H. said, "I heard you tell strange things that I knew to be false. I wouldn't have bothered to step over the threshold to find you lying:" at which point everyone laughed at the two young men.

He was wont to say that he did not care to have his servants goe to church, for there servants infected one another to goe to the alehouse and learne debauchery; but he did bid them goe to see the executions at Tyburne, which worke more upon them then all the oratory in the sermons.
He often said that he didn’t care if his servants went to church because there they influenced each other to go to the pub and learn bad habits; instead, he encouraged them to go watch the executions at Tyburn, which had a greater impact on them than all the sermons in the world.

His motto over his printed picture is that which I have many yeares ago heard him speake of, viz.:—Loquendum est cum vulgo, sentiendum cum sapientibus.
His motto over his printed picture is what I heard him say many years ago, namely:—We must speak with the crowd, but feel with the wise.

He is now (1680) neer or altogether 80 yeares, his intellectualls good still, and body pretty strong.
He is now (1680) almost 80 years old, still has good intellect, and is pretty strong physically.

This last weeke [443] of Sept. 1682, he was taken very ill at London, and his feet swelled; and removed to Tittinghanger.
This last week of September 1682, he became very ill in London, and his feet swelled; he was moved to Tittinghanger.

Notes.

[AS] Aubrey gives in colours the coats:—'or, 2 bars nebulé sable [Blount]'; and 'or, 2 bars nebulé sable [Blount]; impaling, barry of six or and gules [Wase].' Also the references (a) 'vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.'; (b) 'vide Heralds' Office.' Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, writing on April 7, 1673, says of Blount, 'His father was Sir Thomas Pope Blount, and his grandmother (as I remember I have heard Dr. Hannibal Potter say) was our founder's daughter.'
[AS] Aubrey describes the coats in color:—'or, 2 bars nebulé sable [Blount]'; and 'or, 2 bars nebulé sable [Blount]; impaling, barry of six or and gules [Wase].' Also the references (a) 'see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.'; (b) 'see Heralds' Office.' Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, writing on April 7, 1673, mentions Blount, 'His father was Sir Thomas Pope Blount, and his grandmother (as I recall hearing Dr. Hannibal Potter say) was the daughter of our founder.'

[AT] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 199, speaks of him as 'Tom Bonham, of Essex, that haz made many a good song and epitaph—
[AT] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 199, talks about him as 'Tom Bonham, of Essex, who has made many great songs and epitaphs—

When the shrill scirocco blowes.'
When the shrill scirocco blows.

Edmund Bonner (1495-1569).

[444]Mr. Steevens [445], ... whom I mett lately accidentally, informed me thus:—that bishop Bonner was of Broadgates hall; that he came thither a poor boy, and was at first a skullion boy in the kitchin, afterwards became a servitor, and so by his industry raysed to what he was.
[444]Mr. Steevens [445], ... whom I ran into recently by chance, told me this:—that Bishop Bonner was from Broadgates Hall; that he arrived there as a poor boy, started off as a kitchen helper, later became a servitor, and through his hard work, he rose to what he became.

[Pg 112]
[Pg 112]

When he came to his greatnes, in acknowledgement from whence he had his rise, he gave [446] to the kitchin there a great brasse-pott, called Bonner's pott, which was taken away in the parliament time. He has shewed the pott to me, I remember. It was the biggest, perhaps, in Oxford: quaere the old cooke how much it contayned.
When he achieved his greatness, recognizing where he came from, he gave [446] a large brass pot, known as Bonner's pot, to the kitchen there, which was taken away during the parliamentary period. I remember him showing me the pot. It was probably the largest in Oxford; you should ask the old cook how much it held.

John Booker (1601/2-1667).

[447]John Booker, astrologer, natus Manchester, March 23, 1601, 20^h 10´ P.M.
[447]John Booker, astrologer, born in Manchester, March 23, 1601, 8:10 PM.

James Bovey (1622-16..).

[448]James Bovey [AU] borne at London May 7th, 1622, 6 a clock in the morning [449].
[448]James Bovey [AU] was born in London on May 7th, 1622, at 6 a.m.[449].

James Bovey, esq., was the youngest son of Andrew Bovey, merchant, cash-keeper to Sir Peter Vanore, in London.
James Bovey, Esq., was the youngest son of Andrew Bovey, a merchant and cash keeper for Sir Peter Vanore in London.

He was borne in the middle of Mincing Lane, in the parish of Saint Dunstan's in the East, London, anno 1622, May 7th, at six a clock in the morning. Went to schoole at Mercers Chapell, under Mr. Augur. At 9 sent into the Lowe Countreys; then returned, and perfected himselfe in the Latin and Greeke. 14, travelled into France and Italie, Switzerland, Germany, and the Lowe Countreys. Returned into England at 19; then lived with one Hoste, a banquier, 8 yeares, was his cashier 8 or 9 yeares. Then traded for himselfe (27) till he was 31; then maried the only daughter of William de Vischer, a merchant; lived 18 yeares with her, then continued single. Left off trade at 32, and retired to a countrey life, by reason of his indisposition, the ayre of the citie not agreing with him. Then in these retirements he wrote Active [450] Philosophy, (a thing not donne before) wherin are enumerated all the Arts and Tricks practised in Negotiation, and how they were to be ballanced by counter-prudentiall rules.
He was born in the middle of Mincing Lane, in the parish of Saint Dunstan's in the East, London, in 1622, on May 7th, at six o'clock in the morning. He attended school at Mercers Chapel, under Mr. Augur. At 9, he was sent to the Low Countries; then he returned and perfected his knowledge of Latin and Greek. At 14, he traveled to France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, and the Low Countries. He returned to England at 19, then lived with a banker named Hoste for 8 years, serving as his cashier for 8 or 9 years. After that, he started his own trade until he was 31; then he married the only daughter of William de Vischer, a merchant. He lived with her for 18 years, then remained single. He stopped trading at 32 and retired to country life due to his poor health, as the city air didn't agree with him. During this time of retreat, he wrote Active [450] Philosophy, a work that had not been done before, in which he listed all the Arts and Tricks used in Negotiation and how they should be balanced by counter-prudential rules.

[Pg 113]
[Pg 113]

Whilest he lived with Mr. Hoste, he kept the cash of the ambassadors of Spaine that were here; and of the farmers, called by them Assentistes, that did furnish the Spanish and Imperiall armies of the Low-Countreys and Germany; and also many other great cashes, as of Sir Theodore Mayern, etc.; his dealing being altogether in money-matters: by which meanes he became acquainted with the ministers of state both here and abroad.
While he lived with Mr. Hoste, he managed the funds of the Spanish ambassadors who were here, as well as the farmers they called Assentistes, who supplied the Spanish and Imperial armies in the Low Countries and Germany. He also handled many other significant amounts, like those of Sir Theodore Mayern, etc. His work was entirely focused on financial matters, which allowed him to get to know state officials both here and abroad.

When he was abroad, his chiefe employment was to observe the affaires of state and their judicatures, and to take the politique surveys in the countreys he travelled thorough, more especially in relation to trade. He speakes [451] the Low-Dutch, High-Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Lingua Franco, and Latin, besides his owne.
When he was overseas, his main job was to observe state affairs and their judicial systems, and to take political surveys in the countries he traveled through, especially regarding trade. He speaks [451] Low Dutch, High Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish, Lingua Franco, and Latin, in addition to his own language.

When he retired from businesse he studied the Lawe-Merchant, and admitted himselfe of the Inner Temple, London, about 1660. His judgment haz been taken in most of the great causes of his time in points concerning the Lawe-Merchant. As to his person he is about 5 foot high, slender [452], strait, haire exceeding black and curling at the end, a dark hazell [453] eie, of a midling size, but the most sprightly that I have beheld. Browes and beard of the colour as his haire. A person of great temperance, and deepe thoughts, and a working head, never idle. From [454] 14 he had a candle burning by him all night, with pen, inke, and paper, to write downe thoughts as they came into his head; that so he might not loose a thought. Was ever a great lover of Naturall Philosophie. His whole life has been perplex't in lawe-suites, (which haz made him expert in humane affaires), in which he alwaies over-came. He had many lawe-suites with powerfull adversaries; one lasted 18 yeares. Red-haired men never had any kindnesse for him. He used to say:—
When he retired from business, he studied Merchant Law and became a member of the Inner Temple, London, around 1660. His judgment has been sought in most of the significant cases of his time regarding Merchant Law. In terms of his appearance, he is about 5 feet tall, slender, straight, with hair that is extremely black and curly at the ends, dark hazel eyes, of average build, but the most lively person I have ever seen. His eyebrows and beard match the color of his hair. He is a person of great temperance, deep thoughts, and an active mind, never idle. Since he was 14, he has kept a candle burning by him all night, along with pen, ink, and paper, to jot down his thoughts as they came to him, so he wouldn’t lose any ideas. He has always been a great lover of Natural Philosophy. His entire life has been entangled in lawsuits (which has made him knowledgeable in human affairs), in which he always triumphed. He faced many lawsuits against powerful opponents; one lasted 18 years. Red-haired men have never been kind to him. He used to say:—

In rufa pelle non est animus sine felle.
In a rough exterior, there's no spirit without bitterness.

In all his travells he was never robbed.
In all his travels, he was never robbed.

[Pg 114]
[Pg 114]

He has one son, and one daughter who resembles him.
He has a son and a daughter who looks like him.

From 14 he began to take notice of all prudentiall rules as came in his way, and wrote them downe, and so continued till this day, Sept. 28, 1680, being now in his 59th yeare.
From the age of 14, he started paying attention to all the practical rules that came his way and wrote them down, continuing to do so up until today, September 28, 1680, now being in his 59th year.

For his health he never had it very well, but indifferently, alwaies a weake stomach, which proceeded from the agitation of the braine. His dyet was alwayes fine diet: much chicken [455].
For his health, he never had it very well, but rather poorly, always having a weak stomach, which stemmed from the agitation of his mind. His diet was always fine: a lot of chicken [455].

He wrote a Table of all the Exchanges in Europe.
He created a list of all the exchanges in Europe.

[456]He hath writt (which is in his custodie, and which I have seen, and many of them read) these treatises, viz.
[456]He has written (which is in his possession, and which I have seen, and many of them have read) these essays, namely:

1. The Characters, or Index Rerum [457]>
1. The Characters, or Index Rerum [457]>

[458]A Catalogue of the treatises written of Active Philosophy by James Bovey, of the Inner Temple, esquire, 1677.
[458]A Catalogue of the works on Active Philosophy by James Bovey, of the Inner Temple, esquire, 1677.

The Characters, or Index Rerum: in 4 tomes.

The Introduction to Active Philosophy.

The Art of Building a Man: or Education.

The Art of Conversation.

The Art of Complyance.

The Art of Governing the Tongue.

The Art of Governing the Penn.

The Government of Action.

The Government of Resolution.

The Government of Reputation.

The Government of Power: in 2 tomes.

The Government of Servients.

The Government of Subserviency.

The Government of Friendshipp.

The Government of Enmities.

The Government of Law-suites.

The Art of Gaining Wealth. [Pg 115]

The Art of Buying and Selling [459].

The Art of Preserving Wealth.

The Art of Expending Wealth.

The Government of Secresy.

The Government of Amor Conjugalis: in 2 tomes.

Of Amor Concupiscentiae.

The Government of Felicity.

The Lives of Atticus, Sejanus, Augustus.

The Causes of the Diseases of the Mind.

The Cures of the Mind, viz^t. Passions, Diseases, Vices, Errours, Defects.

The Art of Discerning of Men.

The Art of Discerning a Man's selfe.

Religion from Reason: in 3 tomes.

The Life of Cum-fu-zu, soe farr wrote by J. B.

The Life of Mahomett, wrot by Sir Walter Raleigh's papers, with some small addition for methodizing the same.

[460]I have desired him to give these MSS. to the library of the Royal Society.
[460]I've asked him to donate these manuscripts to the library of the Royal Society.

He made it his businesse [461] to advance the trade of England, and many men have printed his conceptions.
He made it his business [461] to promote the trade of England, and many people have published his ideas.

Note.

[AU] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'ermine, on a bend sable cottised gules, five besants, between 2 eagles proper;' and an impression of Bovey's seal with the same coat.
[AU] Aubrey describes the coat of arms:—'ermine, on a black diagonal stripe bordered red, five gold coins, between two eagles in their natural colors;' along with a print of Bovey's seal featuring the same coat of arms.

Richard Boyle, earl of Cork (1566-1643).

[462]Earl of Corke:—vide countesse of Warwick's funerall sermon, 2 or 3 shops [463] within Paul's churchyard.
[462]Earl of Corke:—see the Countess of Warwick's funeral sermon, 2 or 3 shops [463] within Paul's churchyard.

[464]Earl of Corke [AV]—Thomas, earl of Strafford made him disgorge 1500 li. per annum, which he restored to the church— Mr. ... Anderson.
[464]Earl of Corke [AV]—Thomas, earl of Strafford had him return 1500 li. per year, which he gave back to the church— Mr. ... Anderson.

Earl of Corke bought of captaine Horsey fourtie plough[Pg 116]lands in Ireland for fourtie pounds. (A. Ettrick assures me, 'I say againe fourtie ploughlands.')
Earl of Cork bought 40 plowlands[Pg 116] in Ireland from Captain Horsey for £40. (A. Ettrick assures me, 'I say again 40 plowlands.')

The queen gave Lismore to Sir Walter Raleigh, and ... to Sir John Anderson, etc. to etc., eâ intentione to plant them, which they did not; and were not planted till since the last rebellion—quaere Mr. Anderson, who sayes that Ireland could not be secure till it was enough peopled with English.
The queen granted Lismore to Sir Walter Raleigh, and ... to Sir John Anderson, etc. to etc., with the intention of settling them, which they did not do; and it wasn't until after the last rebellion that they were actually settled—ask Mr. Anderson, who says that Ireland couldn't be secure until it had enough English inhabitants.

My lady Petty sayes he had a wife or two before, and that he maried Mris. Fenton [AW] without her father's consent—(quaere Secretary Fenton's Christian name [AX]).
My lady Petty says he had one or two wives before and that he married Mrs. Fenton [AW] without her father's permission—(ask about Secretary Fenton's first name [AX]).

[465]... Boyle, the first earle of Corke:—the countesse of Thanet, his great-grand-daughter, daughter to this earle of Corke and Burlington, haz told me that her father has a booke in folio—thick—of her grandfather's writing, the place, day, and hour of birth, and by what steps, wayes, and degrees he came to his greatnes. Which she will doe her endeavour to gett me an extract of it, but it is in Ireland and (I thinke) must be kept there, and is an heir-loome to the family.
[465]... Boyle, the first Earl of Cork:—the Countess of Thanet, his great-granddaughter and daughter of the Earl of Cork and Burlington, has told me that her father has a thick folio book written by her grandfather, detailing the place, day, and hour of his birth, and the steps, paths, and ways he took to achieve his success. She will do her best to get me an extract from it, but it's in Ireland and, I believe, has to remain there as it is a family heirloom.

<Excerpts from Anthony Walker's Sermon.>

[466]Of Richard Boyle, first earl of Corke, and his seventh daughter, Mary, countess of Warwick.
[466]About Richard Boyle, the first Earl of Cork, and his seventh daughter, Mary, Countess of Warwick.

'The Virtuous Woman found: Being a Sermon preached at Felsted, in Essex, at the Funerall of the most excellent and religious lady, the Right honourable MARY Countesse Dowager of Warwick. By Anthony Walker, D.D. rector of Fyfield, in the sayd countie. The 2d Edition corrected. Printed at London, for Nath. Ranew, at the King's Arms, in St. Paul's Church-yard, 1680.' (The Epistle dedicatory is dated May 27, 1678.)
'The Found Virtuous Woman: A Sermon delivered at Felsted, Essex, during the funeral of the most remarkable and devout lady, the Right Honourable MARY Countess Dowager of Warwick. By Anthony Walker, D.D. rector of Fyfield, in the same county. The 2nd Edition corrected. Printed in London, for Nath. Ranew, at the King's Arms, in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1680.' (The dedication letter is dated May 27, 1678.)

Pag. 44.—'She was truly excellent and great in all respects: great in the honour of her birth, being born a lady and a virtuosa both; seventh daughter of that eminently honourable, Richard, the first earle of Cork; who being born a private gentleman, and younger brother of a younger [Pg 117]brother, to no other heritage than is expressed in the device and motto, which his humble gratitude inscribed on all the palaces he built,
Pag. 44.—'She was truly exceptional and remarkable in every way: distinguished by her noble birth as both a lady and a virtuous woman; the seventh daughter of the highly respected Richard, the first Earl of Cork; who was born a common gentleman and the younger brother of a younger brother, with no other legacy than what is captured in the emblem and motto that his humble gratitude displayed on all the palaces he constructed,

God's Providence, mine Inheritance;
God's Providence, my Inheritance

by that Providence, and his diligent and wise industry, raised such an honour and estate, and left such a familie, as never any subject of these three kingdomes did, and that with so unspotted a reputation of integrity that the most invidious scrutiny could find no blott, though it winnowed all the methods of his rising most severely, which our good lady hath often told me with great content and satisfaction.
by that Providence, and his hard work and smart approach, achieved such honor and wealth, and established a family, like no other subject in these three kingdoms has, all while maintaining such an unblemished reputation for integrity that even the most envious scrutiny could find no flaw, no matter how closely it examined his path to success, which our good lady has often shared with me with great pleasure and satisfaction.

This noble lord, by his prudent and pious consort, no lesse an ornament and honour to their descendants than himself, was blessed with five sonnes, (of which he lived to see four lords and peeres of the kingdome of Ireland,[467] and a fifth, more than these titles speak, a soveraigne and peerlesse in a larger province,—that of universall nature, subdued and made obsequious to his inquisitive mind), and eight daughters. And that you may remark how all things were extraordinary in this great personage, it will, I hope, be neither unpleasant, nor impertinent, to add a short story I had from our lady's own mouth:—Master Boyl, after earle of Cork (who was then a widdower), came one morning to waite on Sir Jeofry Fenton, at that time a great officer [XXIV.] of state in that kingdome of Ireland, who being ingaged in business, and not knowing who it was who desired to speake with him, a while delayed him access; which time he spent pleasantly with his young daughter in her nurse's arms. But when Sir Jeoffry came, and saw whom he had made stay somewhat too long, he civilly excused it. But master Boyl replied, he had been very well entertayned; and spent his time much to his satisfaction, in courting his daughter, if he might obtaine the honour to be accepted for his son-in-lawe. At which Sir Jeoffry, smiling (to hear one who had been formerly married, move for a wife carried in arms, and under two years old,) asked him if he would stay for her? To which he frankly answered him he would, and Sir Jeoffry as generously promised him he should then have his consent. And they both kept their words honourably. And by this virtuous lady he had thirteen children, ten of which he lived to see honourably married, and died a grandfather by the youngest of them.
This noble lord, with his wise and devout wife, who was just as much an asset and honor to their descendants as he was, was blessed with five sons (of which he lived to see four become lords and peers of the kingdom of Ireland, [467] and a fifth, more than these titles suggest, a sovereign and unmatched in a broader realm—that of universal nature, which he mastered and made obedient to his curious mind), and eight daughters. To highlight how exceptional all things were about this great individual, I hope it won't be unwelcome or irrelevant to share a short story I heard from our lady's own mouth: Master Boyl, later the Earl of Cork (who was then a widower), visited Sir Jeofry Fenton one morning. At that time, Sir Jeofry was a significant state officer in Ireland, and while he was busy with matters, he didn't realize who was waiting to speak with him, which caused a bit of a delay. Master Boyl spent this time pleasantly with his young daughter in her nurse's arms. When Sir Jeoffry finally arrived and saw whom he had kept waiting, he politely apologized. Master Boyl replied that he had enjoyed himself greatly and spent his time quite satisfactorily, courting his daughter, if he could earn the honor of being accepted as his son-in-law. Sir Jeoffry smiled at hearing a man who had once been married ask for a wife still carried in arms and under two years old, and he asked if Master Boyl would wait for her. To which he openly answered that he would, and Sir Jeoffry generously promised him that he would have his consent. They both kept their promises honorably. Due to this virtuous lady, he had thirteen children, ten of whom he lived to see honorably married, and he died a grandfather to the youngest.

[XXIV.] Secretary of Estate.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Secretary of State.

Nor did she derive less honour from the collateral, than the descending line, being sister by soul and genius, as well as bloud, to these great personages, whose illustrious, unspotted, and resplendent honour and virtue, and whose usefull learning and accurate pens, may attone and [468]expiate, as well as shame, the scandalous blemishes of a debauched, and the many impertinencies of a scribling, age:—
Nor did she receive any less honor from her extended family than from her direct lineage, being connected by spirit and talent, as well as blood, to these remarkable figures, whose outstanding, pure, and shining honor and virtue, along with their valuable knowledge and precise writing, can compensate for and atone for, just as much as they can shame, the disgraceful flaws of a corrupted society and the numerous incongruities of a misguided age:—

[Pg 118]
[Pg 118]

(1), Richard, the truly right honourable, loyal, wise, and virtuous, earl of Burlington and Cork, whose life is his fairest and most laudable character;
(1), Richard, the truly honorable, loyal, wise, and virtuous, earl of Burlington and Cork, whose life is his best and most commendable quality;

(2), the right honourable Roger earle of Orery, that great poet, great statesman, great soldier, and great every-thing which merits the name of great or good;
(2), the right honorable Roger, Earl of Orery, that great poet, great statesman, great soldier, and great everything that deserves the title of great or good;

(3), Francis lord Shannon, whose Pocket Pistol, as he stiles his book, may make as wide breaches in the walls of the Capitol, as many canons;
(3), Francis Lord Shannon, whose Pocket Pistol, as he calls his book, might create as many gaps in the walls of the Capitol as numerous cannons;

(4), and that honourable and well known name Robert Boyl, esquier, that profound philosopher, accomplished humanist, and excellent divine, I had almost sayd lay-bishop, as one hath stiled Sir Henry Savil; whose works alone may make a librarie [XXV.].
(4), and that esteemed and well-known name Robert Boyle, esquire, that profound philosopher, accomplished humanist, and excellent theologian, I almost said lay-bishop, as someone referred to Sir Henry Savile; whose works alone could fill a library [XXV.].

[XXV.] Why does he not mention ... lord Killimeke [AY]; who was slain at the great battell of Liskarrill, in Ireland?
[XXV.] Why doesn't he mention ... Lord Killimeke [AY]; who was killed in the great battle of Liskarrill, in Ireland?

The female branches also (if it be lawfull so to call them whose virtues were so masculine, souls knowing no difference of sex) by their honours and graces (by mutuall reflections) gave, and received lustre, to, and from, her:—
The female branches also (if it’s appropriate to call them that, whose virtues were so strong, souls that knew no difference between genders) through their honors and graces (through mutual reflections) gave and received brilliance, to and from her:—

the eldest of which, the lady Alice, was married to the lord Baramore;
the oldest of whom, Lady Alice, was married to Lord Baramore;

the second, the lady Sarah, to the lord Digby, of Ireland;
the second, Lady Sarah, to Lord Digby of Ireland;

the third, the lady Laetitia, to the eldest son of the lord Goring, who died earle of Norwich;
the third, Lady Laetitia, to the eldest son of Lord Goring, who died Earl of Norwich;

the fourth, the lady Joan, to the earle of Kildare, not only primier earle of Ireland, but the ancientest house in Christendome of that degree, the present earle being the six and twentieth, or the seaven and twentieth, of lineal descent: and, as I have heard, it was that great antiquary King Charles the First his observation, that the three ancientest families of Europe for nobility, were the Veres in England, earls of Oxford, and the Fitz-Geralds in Ireland, earls of Kildare, and Momorancy in France: 'tis observable [469]that the present earle of Kildare is a mixture of blood of Fitz-Geralds and Veres;
the fourth, Lady Joan, to the Earl of Kildare, not only the top earl of Ireland, but the oldest noble family in Christendom of that rank, with the current earl being the twenty-sixth or twenty-seventh in direct descent: and, as I’ve heard, it was that great historian King Charles the First who noted that the three oldest noble families in Europe were the Veres in England, earls of Oxford, the Fitz-Geralds in Ireland, earls of Kildare, and Momorancy in France: it’s worth mentioning [469]that the current earl of Kildare has a mix of blood from both the Fitz-Geralds and Veres;

the fifth, the lady Katharine, who was married to the lord viscount Ranelaugh [XXVI.], and mother to the present generous earle of Ranelaugh, of which family I could have added an eminent remark, I meet with in Fuller's "Worthies;" this lady's character is so signalized by her known merit among all persons of honour, that as I need not, so I dare not, attempt beyond this one word—she was our lady's Friend-Sister;
the fifth, Lady Katharine, who was married to Lord Viscount Ranelaugh [XXVI.], and mother to the current generous Earl of Ranelaugh, a family I could have noted for its notable mention in Fuller's "Worthies." This lady's character is so distinguished by her recognized merit among all honorable people that as I need not, I also dare not go beyond this one term—she was our lady's Friend-Sister;

[XXVI.] Jones.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Jones.

the sixth, the lady Dorothy Loftus;
the sixth, Lady Dorothy Loftus;

the seaventh, (the number of perfection) which shutt-up and crown'd this noble train (for the eighth, the lady Margaret, died unmaried), was our excellent lady Mary, married to Charles, earle of Warwick; of whom, if I should use the language of my text, I should neither [Pg 119]despair their pardon, nor fear the reproach of rudeness—Many daughters, all his daughters, did virtuously but thou—Prov. xxxi. 29, 30, 31.
the seventh, (the number of perfection) which completed and crowned this noble lineage (for the eighth, Lady Margaret, died unmarried), was our esteemed Lady Mary, married to Charles, Earl of Warwick; of whom, if I were to follow the words of my text, I would neither expect their forgiveness nor worry about being rude—Many daughters, all his daughters, have done well, but you—Prov. xxxi. 29, 30, 31.

----But shee [XXVII.] needed neither borrowed shades, nor reflexive lights, to set her off, being personally great in all naturall endowments and accomplishments of soul and body, wisdome, beautie, favour, and virtue;
But she [XXVII.] didn't need any borrowed beauty or flattering lights to stand out; she was naturally amazing in every way, possessing great qualities of mind and body, wisdom, beauty, charm, and virtue;

[XXVII.] Mary, countess of Warwick.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Mary, Countess of Warwick.

great by her tongue, for never woman used one better, speaking so gracefully, promptly, discreetly, pertinently, holily, that I have often admired the edifying words that proceeded from her mouth;
great by her words, for no woman ever spoke better, communicating so gracefully, quickly, thoughtfully, relevantly, and piously, that I have often admired the enlightening things that came from her mouth;

great by her pen, as you may (ex pede Herculem) discover by that little [XXVIII.] tast of it the world hath been happy in, the hasty fruit of one or two interrupted houres after supper, which she professed to me, with a little regret, when she was surprised with it's sliding into the world without her knowledge, or allowance, and wholly beside her expectation;
great by her writing, as you may (ex pede Herculem) discover by that little [XXVIII.] taste of it the world has enjoyed, the quick result of one or two interrupted hours after dinner, which she confessed to me, with a hint of regret, when she was taken aback by it slipping into the world without her knowledge or approval, and completely unexpectedly;

[XXVIII.] Her ladyship's Pious Meditations.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Her ladyship's Pious Meditations.

great by being the greatest mistresse and promotress, not to say the foundress and inventress, of a new science—the art of obliging; in which she attain'd that sovereign perfection, that she reigned over all their hearts with whom she did converse;
great by being the greatest mistress and promoter, not to mention the founder and inventor, of a new science—the art of pleasing; in which she achieved such supreme perfection that she ruled over all the hearts of those she conversed with;

great in her nobleness of living and hospitality;
great in her kindness and generosity;

great in the unparallelld sincerity of constant, faithfull, condescending friendship, and for that law of kindness which dwelt in her lips and heart;
great in the unmatched sincerity of constant, faithful, condescending friendship, and for that law of kindness which resided in her lips and heart;

great in her dexterity of management;
great at her skillful management;

great in her quick apprehension of the difficulties of her affaires, and where the stress and pinch lay, to untie the knot, and loose and ease them;
great at quickly understanding the challenges of her situations, and identifying where the pressure and tension were, to unravel the problems and relieve them;

great in the conquest of herselfe;
great at self-conquest;

great in a thousand things beside, which the world admires as such: but she despised them all, and counted them but loss and dung in comparison of the feare of God, and the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus.'
great in a thousand things besides, which the world admires as such: but she despised them all, and considered them nothing but a loss and trash compared to the fear of God and the greatness of knowing Christ Jesus.

Notes.

[AV] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'per bend crenellée argent and gules [Boyle]; impaling, ..., a cross vert between 4 fleur de lys ... [Fenton],' surmounted by an earl's coronet.
[AV] Aubrey grants the coat:—'divided diagonally in a crenellated pattern in silver and red [Boyle]; combined with ..., a green cross surrounded by 4 fleur de lys ... [Fenton],' topped with an earl's coronet.

A leaf containing an earlier draft of this life (as shown by the coat tricked in the inner margin) has been cut out between fol. 14 and fol. 15 of MS. Aubr. 6. The excision was made by Aubrey himself, a line being drawn by him across the excision from fol. 14^v to fol. 15, to mark the transposition of a passage. The reason for the cutting out of this leaf is suggested in a letter of Aubrey to Anthony Wood (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 360, July 14, 1681), where he says his 'Lives' contain 'severe touches on the earl of Corke, Dr. Wallis, etc.' In the margin of the excised leaf a note, given on the authority of 'Mr. A. E.' i.e. Anthony Ettrick, seems to speak of amours and bastards of the earl.
A leaf with an earlier draft of this life (indicated by the mark in the inner margin) has been removed between fol. 14 and fol. 15 of MS. Aubr. 6. The removal was done by Aubrey himself, who drew a line across the cut from fol. 14^v to fol. 15 to indicate the repositioning of a passage. The reason for removing this leaf is hinted at in a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 360, July 14, 1681), where he mentions that his 'Lives' include 'harsh comments about the earl of Corke, Dr. Wallis, etc.' In the margin of the removed leaf, there is a note, attributed to 'Mr. A. E.' (Anthony Ettrick), which seems to refer to the earl's affairs and illegitimate children.

[AW] Catherine Fenton, daughter of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Secretary of State for Ireland 1581-1603.
[AW] Catherine Fenton, daughter of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, who served as Secretary of State for Ireland from 1581 to 1603.

[AX] Anthony Wood, in answer to this query, suggests:—'Jeffrey, quaere.'
[AX] Anthony Wood, in response to this question, suggests:—'Jeffrey, consider.'

[AY] Lewis Boyle, second son of Richard, first earl of Cork, created viscount Boyle of Kynalmeaky, 1627/8.
[AY] Lewis Boyle, the second son of Richard, the first earl of Cork, was made viscount Boyle of Kynalmeaky in 1627/8.

[Pg 120]
[Pg 120]

Robert Boyle (1626/7-1691).

[470]Mr. Robert Boyle;—vide Oliver Hill's ..., where he is accused of grosse plagiarisme. Dr. Wood went to schoole with him at Eaton Colledge.
[470]Mr. Robert Boyle;—see Oliver Hill's ..., where he is accused of blatant plagiarism. Dr. Wood went to school with him at Eton College.

[471]Mr. R. Boyle, when a boy at Eaton verie sickly and pale—from Dr. Wood, who was his schoole-fellow.
[471]Mr. R. Boyle, when he was a boy at Eaton, was very sickly and pale—thanks to Dr. Robert Wood, who was his schoolmate.

[472]The honourable Robert Boyle [AZ] esq., the son of Richard Boyle, the first earle of Corke, was borne at Lismor [XXIX.] in the county of Corke, the <25> day of anno <1626/7>.
[472]The honorable Robert Boyle [AZ] Esq., the son of Richard Boyle, the first Earl of Cork, was born at Lismore [XXIX.] in County Cork, on the <25> day of in the year <1626/7>.

[XXIX.] It was anciently an University, and a great towne or city. It had twenty churches. 'Twas the seate of king John.—From Elizabeth, countesse of Thanet.
[XXIX.] It was formerly a university and a large town or city. It had twenty churches. It was the seat of King John.—From Elizabeth, Countess of Thanet.

He was nursed by an Irish nurse, after the Irish manner, wher they putt the child into a pendulous satchell (insted of a cradle), with a slitt for the child's head to peepe out.
He was cared for by an Irish nurse, using the traditional Irish way, where they placed the child in a hanging pouch (instead of a cradle), with a slit for the child's head to peek out.

He learn't his Latin.... Went to the university of Leyden. Travelled France, Italy, Switzerland. I have oftentimes heard him say that after he had seen the antiquities and architecture of Rome, he esteemed none [473] any where els.
He learned his Latin... Went to the University of Leiden. Traveled to France, Italy, Switzerland. I have often heard him say that after he had seen the antiquities and architecture of Rome, he valued none anywhere else.

He speakes Latin very well, and very readily, as most men I have mett with. I have heard him say that when he was young, he read over Cowper's dictionary: wherin I thinke he did very well, and I beleeve he is much beholding to him for his mastership of that language.
He speaks Latin very well and easily, like most men I've met. I've heard him say that when he was young, he went through Cowper's dictionary, which I think was a smart move. I believe he owes a lot to it for his mastery of the language.

His father in his will, when he comes to the settlement and provision for his son Robert, thus,—
His father in his will, when he gets to the settlement and arrangements for his son Robert, stated this,—

Item, to my son Robert, whom I beseech God to blesse with a particular blessing, I bequeath, &c.
Item, to my son Robert, whom I ask God to bless with a special blessing, I bequeath, &c.

Mr. R. H.[474], who has seen the rentall, sayes it was 3000 li. [Pg 121]per annum: the greatst part is in Ireland. His father left him the mannor of Stalbridge in com. Dorset, where is a great freestone house; it was forfeited by the earle of Castlehaven.
Mr. R. H.[474], who has seen the rental, says it was 3000 li. [Pg 121] a year: most of it is in Ireland. His father left him the manor of Stalbridge in Dorset, which has a large freestone house; it was forfeited by the Earl of Castlehaven.

He is very tall (about six foot high) and streight, very temperate, and vertuouse, and frugall: a batcheler; keepes a coach; sojournes with his sister, the lady Ranulagh. His greatest delight is chymistrey. He haz at his sister's a noble laboratory, and severall servants (prentices to him) to looke to it. He is charitable to ingeniose men that are in want, and foreigne chymists have had large proofe of his bountie, for he will not spare for cost to gett any rare secret. At his owne costs and chardges he gott translated and printed the New Testament in Arabique [BA], to send into the Mahometan countreys. He has not only a high renowne in England, but abroad; and when foreigners come to hither, 'tis one of their curiosities to make him a visit.
He is very tall (about six feet) and straight, very moderate, virtuous, and frugal: a bachelor; owns a coach; stays with his sister, Lady Ranulagh. His greatest passion is chemistry. He has a spacious laboratory at his sister's place and several servants (his apprentices) to help him manage it. He is generous to talented individuals in need, and foreign chemists have witnessed his kindness, as he is willing to spend whatever it takes to obtain any rare secrets. He personally funded the translation and printing of the New Testament in Arabic [BA], to send to Muslim countries. He has gained a great reputation not just in England, but abroad; when foreigners visit, it's one of their curiosities to pay him a visit.

Notes.

[AZ] Aubrey gives in colours the Boyle coat (supra, p. 119), with a mullet gules for difference. Anthony Wood adds the reference:—'see in the first sheet of the second part,' i.e. of MS. Aubr. 7, viz. the excerpts supra from Anthony Walker's sermon.
[AZ] Aubrey describes the Boyle coat in colors (supra, p. 119), featuring a red star as a distinguishing mark. Anthony Wood adds the note:—'see on the first page of the second part,' referring to MS. Aubr. 7, specifically the excerpts supra from Anthony Walker's sermon.

[BA] The Gospels and Acts in Malay (in Arabic character), Oxford, 1677.
[BA] The Gospels and Acts in Malay (in Arabic script), Oxford, 1677.

William Brereton, 3rd baron, (1631-1680).

[475]William, lord Brereton, obiit March 17, 1680 [476]; buried at St. Martin's-in-the-fields: scripsit Origines Moriens in Latin verse.
[475]William, Lord Brereton, died on March 17, 1680 [476]; buried at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields: wrote Origines Moriens in Latin verse.

[477]William, lord Brereton [BB] of :—this vertuous and learned lord (who was my most honoured and obligeing friend) was educated at Breda, by John Pell, D.D., then Math. Professor there of the Prince of Orange's 'ilustrious schoole.' Sir George Goring, earl of Norwich (who was my lord's grandfather), did send for him over, where the (then Mr. John Pell) tooke great care of him, and made him a very good Algebrist.
[477]William, Lord Brereton [BB] of :—this virtuous and knowledgeable lord (who was my most respected and supportive friend) was educated in Breda by John Pell, D.D., who was then the Math Professor at the Prince of Orange's 'illustrious school.' Sir George Goring, Earl of Norwich (who was my lord's grandfather), brought him over, where the (then Mr. John Pell) took great care of him and made him a very skilled algebraist.

[Pg 122]
[Pg 122]

He hath wrote a poem called Origines Moriens, a MS.
He has written a poem called Origines Moriens, a manuscript.

Obiit March 17, 1679/80, London, and is buried at St Martin's church in the fields.
Obit on March 17, 1679/80, in London, and is buried at St. Martin's church in the fields.

He was an excellent musitian, and also a good composer.
He was an excellent musician, and also a good composer.

Note.

[BB] Anthony Wood adds the reference 'quaere in Coll. Exon.' Wood seems to have thought that Sir William Brereton of Honford in Cheshire (an officer in the Parliamentary army, mentioned in the Athenae) might be found among the Exeter College matriculations and might be connected with this peer's family.
[BB] Anthony Wood adds the reference 'check in Coll. Exon.' Wood appeared to believe that Sir William Brereton of Honford in Cheshire (an officer in the Parliamentary army, mentioned in the Athenae) could be found in the Exeter College enrollment records and might have ties to this peer's family.

Edward Brerewood (1565-1613).

[478]Mr. Edward Brerewood [BC] was borne....
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Mr. Edward Brerewood__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ was born....

He was of Brasen-nose College in Oxon. My old cosen Whitney [BD], fellow there long since, told me, as I remember, that his father was a citizen of W Chester; that (I have now forgot on what occasion, whether he had outrun the exhibition from his father, or what), but he was for some time in straightes in the College; that he went not out of the College gates in a good while, nor (I thinke) out of his chamber, but was in slip-shoes, and wore out his gowne and cloathes on the bord and benches of his chamber, but profited in knowledge wonderfully.
He was from Brasenose College in Oxford. My old cousin Whitney [BD], who was there a long time ago, told me, as I remember, that his father was a citizen of West Chester; that (I’ve forgotten the details about it, whether he was cut off from his father's support or what), but he was in a tough spot at the College for a while; that he didn’t leave the College gates for some time, nor (I think) did he leave his room, but was in slip-on shoes, and wore out his gown and clothes on the board and benches of his room, though he gained knowledge remarkably.

He writ his Logica, and ..., de meteoris, de ponderibus et nummis (which he dedicates to his countryman, Lord Chancellor Egerton, who was no doubt his patron).
He wrote his Logica, and ..., de meteoris, de ponderibus et nummis (which he dedicated to his fellow countryman, Lord Chancellor Egerton, who was undoubtedly his supporter).

He was astronomie professor at Gresham College, London, where he died anno 1613, and was buried in Great Saint Helen's chancell: so Hist. and Antiq. of Oxon., lib. 2. pag. 219 b.
He was an astronomy professor at Gresham College, London, where he died in 1613 and was buried in the chancel of Great Saint Helen's: see Hist. and Antiq. of Oxon., lib. 2. pag. 219 b.

'Tis pity I can pick-up no more of him.
It's a pity I can't learn more about him.

Notes.

[BC] Anthony Wood added the reference 'vide A. W.'s Antiq.'; but scored it out, finding himself anticipated in the text of the notice.
[BC] Anthony Wood included the reference 'see A. W.'s Antiq.'; but crossed it out, realizing it was already mentioned in the text of the notice.

[BD] James Whitney, matric. April 19, 1611 at St. Mary Hall, but took his degrees from Brasenose (Clark's Reg. Univ. Oxon. II. iii. 334).
[BD] James Whitney enrolled on April 19, 1611, at St. Mary Hall, but he received his degrees from Brasenose (Clark's Reg. Univ. Oxon. II. iii. 334).

[Pg 123]
[Pg 123]

Arthur Brett (16..-1677).

'A demonstration how the Latine tonge may be learn't'; Lond. 1669; 'by Arthur Bret, M.A. of Ch. Ch. in Oxford and of Westminster Schoole.'>
'A demonstration of how the Latin language can be learned'; London, 1669; 'by Arthur Bret, M.A. of Christ Church in Oxford and of Westminster School.'>

Henry Briggs (1556-1630/1).

[479]Henry Briggs was borne at ... (vide Anthony Wood's Oxon. Antiquit.: quaere his nephew who is beadle to Stationers' Hall; quaere Vaticinium Carolinum, an English poem).
[479]Henry Briggs was born at ... (see Anthony Wood's Oxon. Antiquit.: ask about his nephew who is the beadle at Stationers' Hall; also ask about Vaticinium Carolinum, an English poem).

He was first of St. John's College in Cambridge. Sir Henry Savill sent for him and made him his geometrie professor. He lived at Merton College in Oxon, where he made the dialls at the buttresses of the east end of the chapell with a bullet for the axis.
He was the first of St. John's College in Cambridge. Sir Henry Savill brought him in and appointed him as his geometry professor. He lived at Merton College in Oxford, where he created the dials at the buttresses of the east end of the chapel using a bullet for the axis.

He travelled into Scotland to comune with the honourable ... lord Nepier [BE] of Marcheston about making the logarithmicall tables.
He traveled to Scotland to discuss with the honorable ... Lord Nepier [BE] of Marcheston about creating the logarithmic tables.

☞ Looking one time on the mappe of England he observed that the [480] two rivers, the Thames and that Avon which runnes to Bathe and so to Bristowe, were not far distant, scilicet, about 3 miles—vide the mappe. He sees 'twas but about 25 miles from Oxford; getts a horse and viewes it and found it to be a levell ground and [481] easie to be digged. Then he considered the chardge of cutting between them and the convenience of making a mariage between those rivers which would be of great consequence for cheape and safe carrying of goods between London and Bristow, and though the boates [482] goe slowly and with meanders, yet considering they goe day and night they would be at their journey's end almost as soon as the waggons, which often are overthrowne and liquours spilt and other goods broken. Not long after this he dyed and [Pg 124]the civill warres brake-out. It happened by good luck that one Mr. Matthewes of Dorset had some acquaintance with this Mr.[483] Briggs and had heard him discourse of it. He was an honest simple man, and had runne out of his estate and this project did much run in his head. He would revive it (or els it had been lost and forgott) and went into the country to make an ill survey of it (which he printed) about anno ..., but with no great encouragement of the countrey or others. Upon the restauration of King Charles II he renewed his designe and applyed himselfe to the king and counsell. His majestie espoused it more (he told me) then any one els. In short, for want of management and his non-ability, it came to nothing, and he is now dead of old age. But Sir Jonas Moore ( ☞ an expert mathematician and a practicall man), being sent to survey the mannor of Dantesey in Wilts (which was forfeited to the crowne by Sir John Danvers his foolery), went to see these streames and distances. He told me the streames were too small unlesse in winter; but if some prince or the Parliament would rayse money to cutt through the hill by Wotton-Basset which is not very high, then there would be water enough and streames big enough. He computed the chardge, which I have forgott, but I thinke it was about 200,000 li.
☞ Taking a look at a map of England, he noticed that the two rivers, the Thames and the Avon, which flows to Bath and then to Bristol, were not far apart, specifically about 3 miles—refer to the map. He saw it was only about 25 miles from Oxford, got a horse to check it out, and found the ground to be flat and easy to dig. Then he thought about the cost of digging a channel between them and the benefits of connecting these rivers, which would greatly improve the cheap and safe transport of goods between London and Bristol. Although the boats moved slowly and took winding routes, they traveled day and night and would reach their destination almost as quickly as wagons, which often overturned, spilling liquids and breaking goods. Soon after, he passed away, and the civil wars broke out. By chance, a Mr. Matthewes from Dorset knew Mr. Briggs and had heard him talk about this project. He was a straightforward man who had lost his fortune, and this idea occupied his thoughts. He wanted to revive it (or else it would have been lost and forgotten) and went to the countryside to conduct a rough survey of it (which he later published) around the year..., but received little support from the locals or others. After the restoration of King Charles II, he renewed his plan and approached the king and council. The king took more interest in it than anyone else, or so he told me. In short, due to poor management and his own limitations, it went nowhere, and he has now passed away due to old age. However, Sir Jonas Moore (☞ an expert mathematician and a practical man), was sent to survey the manor of Dantesey in Wiltshire (which had been forfeited to the crown because of Sir John Danvers's foolishness) and went to check out these streams and distances. He reported that the streams were too small unless it was winter; however, if some prince or the Parliament could raise money to cut through the hill by Wotton-Basset, which isn’t very high, there would be enough water and larger streams. He estimated the cost, which I've forgotten, but I think it was around £200,000.

Insert his letter to Dr. John Pell de logarithmis written anno Dni 1628.
Insert his letter to Dr. John Pell de logarithmis written in the year 1628.

Mr. William Oughtred calls him the English Archimedes in....
Mr. William Oughtred refers to him as the English Archimedes in....

An epitaph on H. Briggs among H. Burched's poems [BF].
An epitaph for H. Briggs in H. Burched's poems [BF].

[484]Mr. Briggs—vide and quaere Dr. Whitchcot, behind St. Lawrence Church; he knew him.——Respondet quod non.
[484]Mr. Briggs—see and ask Dr. Whitchcot, behind St. Lawrence Church; he knew him.——He replies that he does not.

[485]Mr. Norwood to the reader, before his Trigonometrie:—'of the construction and divers applications of Logarithmes Mr. Brigs hath written a booke called Arithmetica Logarithmica, and since again began another [Pg 125]excellent worke of like nature entituled Trigonometria Britannica. I have onely seen (in the hands of a friend of his) a printed copie of so much as he had done, namely the tables: but whilest he was in hand with the rest, he departed this life. It was writ in Latin.'
[485]Mr. Norwood to the reader, before his Trigonometry:—'Mr. Brigs has written a book called Arithmetica Logarithmica about the construction and various applications of logarithms, and he started another outstanding work of a similar nature titled Trigonometria Britannica. I have only seen (in the hands of a friend of his) a printed copy of what he had completed, namely the tables; but while he was working on the rest, he passed away. It was written in Latin.'

Notes.

[BE] John Napier, of Merchiston, born 1550, died 1617. His son Alexander was created baron Napier in 1627.
[BE] John Napier, from Merchiston, born in 1550, died in 1617. His son Alexander was made Baron Napier in 1627.

[BF] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 48 is two leaves, pp. 49-52, sign. I, of a printed book, a miscellany of Greek and Latin verses. The first piece on p. 49 is six Greek lines 'Epitaphium D. Henrici Briggi ob mathesin et pietatem famigerati, denati 1631. Januar. ult.' The second piece is 32 Latin verses 'in bibliothecam Oxoniensem tertio amplificatam MDCXXXVI.'
[BF] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 48 consists of two pages, pp. 49-52, sign. I, from a printed book, a collection of Greek and Latin verses. The first piece on p. 49 contains six lines in Greek titled 'Epitaphium D. Henrici Briggi ob mathesin et pietatem famigerati, denati 1631. Januar. ult.' The second piece features 32 Latin verses 'in bibliothecam Oxoniensem tertio amplificatam MDCXXXVI.'

Thomas Brightman (1562-1607).

<A Letter from Edward Gibson about Thomas Brightman [BG].>

[486]Hawnes, Dec. 21, <16>81.

Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Hawnes, Dec. 21, '81.

Sir,

Since you have desired and have been put into an expectation of receiving some information concerning Mr. Brightman, tho I have litle or nothing to serve you and your freind with, I send this to let you know that I find nothing of his arms; that upon the stone is engraven
Since you’ve been wanting to know more about Mr. Brightman, even though I don’t have much to offer you and your friend, I’m sending this to let you know that I haven’t found anything about his heraldry; the stone has the following engraved.

'Here lyeth the body of Thomas Brightman, deceased, minister of this parish, who dyed Aug. 24, 1607.'
'Here lies the body of Thomas Brightman, deceased, minister of this parish, who died on August 24, 1607.'

Over his head are these sad rimes (I hope they are Oxford, tho not much for the honour of it).—
Over his head are these sad lines (I hope they're from Oxford, even if it doesn't bring much honor).—

Christ calls his churches candlesticks of old,
Although the candlesticks only hold the candles.
The lights on them he calls pure angels,
Not just candles, because they have to last. Candles, once burned out, are quickly forgotten,
But ministers, like angels, must not decay.
Sith God does ministers so eternalize,
[Pg 126] Let us not give them a lesser prize. And especially to Brightman's recommendation
And be buried a light to the revelation We must, we should, make sure such saints endure. In whom we know the past and the future.

I am, Sir, Yours to serve you,
Edw. Gibson.

I am here to serve you, Sir.
Edw. Gibson.

Dr. Fuller, amongst his Worthies, hath something of Mr. Brightman.
Dr. Fuller, among his Worthies, has a bit of Mr. Brightman.

[487]For Mr. John Aubrey: leave this at Mr. Hooke's lodging in Gresham College.
[487]For Mr. John Aubrey: please leave this at Mr. Hooke's place in Gresham College.

Note.

[BG] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 3, Anthony Wood has jotted down 'quaere Mr. Aubrey of Thomas Brightman, Dr. Butler, Henry Billingsley, Sir George Wharton'—Aubrey's notes, so far, about these four having been scanty.
[BG] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 3, Anthony Wood has noted, 'ask Mr. Aubrey about Thomas Brightman, Dr. William Butler, Henry Billingsley, Sir George Wharton'—Aubrey's comments on these four have been minimal so far.

In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48^v, opposite Gibson's letter Wood notes an odd omission in it:—'Quaere in what church Mr. Thomas Brightman was buried?'
In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48^v, across from Gibson's letter, Wood points out a strange omission in it:—'Ask in what church Mr. Thomas Brightman was buried?'

Alexander Brome (1620-1666).

[488]H. Brome assured me that his brother Alexander was in his accedence at 4 yeares old and a quarter [BH].
[488]H. Brome told me that his brother Alexander was in his prime at 4 years and a quarter [BH].

Note.

[BH] This is a marginal note opposite the life of Katherine Philips, and is intended to be a parallel instance of precocious reading, the boy being taken, first, through the Psalter, and then through the Bible, before beginning his 'accidence' (i.e. Latin Grammar): cp. the course of Anthony Wood's education, Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 46, 47, 48. Henry Brome was a London bookseller.
[BH] This is a side note next to the life of Katherine Philips, meant to show a similar case of early reading, where the boy first went through the Psalms and then the Bible, before he started on his 'accidence' (i.e., Latin Grammar): see the education path of Anthony Wood, in Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 46, 47, 48. Henry Brome was a bookseller in London.

Christopher Brookes (16..-1665).

[489]Christopher Brookes, of Oxford, a mathematical instrument maker. He was sometime manciple of Wadham College: his widowe lived over against the Theatre.
[489]Christopher Brookes, from Oxford, was a maker of mathematical instruments. He was once the manciple of Wadham College; his widow lived across from the Theatre.

This C. B. printed [490] 1649 an 8vo of about 2 sheetes, [Pg 127]scil. 'A new quadrant of more natural easie and manifold performance than any other heretofore extant': but it was his father-in-lawe's [491] invention. I had it from his widow about 1665.
This C. B. printed [490] in 1649 an 8vo of about 2 sheets, [Pg 127]namely, 'A new quadrant that performs more naturally, easily, and in more ways than any other that has existed before': but it was his father-in-law's [491] invention. I got it from his widow around 1665.

Elizabeth Broughton.

[492]In the Heralds' Office—Heref—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__At the Heralds' Office—Herefordshire—

Edward Broughton, m. Isabell, daughter of Kington, eldest son, 1634 | Rafe Beeston, of Warwickshire. | Elizabeth.

[493]:—> 'argent, 2 bars gules, on a canton of the second a cross of the field, a martlet or for difference.'
[493]:—> 'silver, 2 red bars, on a red canton a plain cross, with a gold martlet for difference.'

Mris. Elizabeth Broughton was daughter of ... Broughton of ... in Herefordshire, an ancient family. Her father lived at the mannour-house at Canon-Peon. Whether she was borne there or no, I know not: but there she lost her mayden-head to a poor young fellow, then I beleeve handsome, but, in 1660, a pittifull poor old weaver, clarke of the parish. He had fine curled haire, but gray. Her father at length discoverd her inclinations and locked her up in the turret of the house, but she (like a ...) getts downe by a rope; and away she gott to London, and did sett-up for her selfe.
Mrs. Elizabeth Broughton was the daughter of ... Broughton of ... in Herefordshire, an old family. Her father lived at the manor house in Canon-Peon. I’m not sure if she was born there, but that’s where she lost her virginity to a poor young man who, back then, was handsome, but by 1660, was a sadly impoverished old weaver and clerk of the parish. He had nice curly hair, though it was gray. Eventually, her father found out about her desires and locked her in the turret of the house, but she (like a ...) got down using a rope; and off she went to London, starting to make her own way.

She was a most exquisite beautie, as finely shaped as nature could frame; and had a delicate witt. She was soon taken notice of at London, and her price was very deare—a second Thais. Richard, earle of Dorset, kept her (whether before or after Venetia [494], I know not, but I guesse before). At last she grew common and infamous and gott [495] the pox, of which she died.
She was a stunning beauty, perfectly shaped as nature intended, and had a sharp mind. She quickly attracted attention in London, and her value was very high—a second Thais. Richard, Earl of Dorset, kept her (I don’t know if it was before or after Venetia [494], but I suspect it was before). Eventually, she became well-known and infamous, and got [495] syphilis, from which she died.

I remember thus much of an old song of those dayes, [Pg 128]which I have seen in a collection—'twas by way of litanie—viz.:—
I remember this much of an old song from those days, [Pg 128]which I have seen in a collection—it was in the form of a litany—namely:—

From the clock at twelve o'clock,
And from Bess Broughton's button-down smock, Free us, Lord.

In Ben Johnson's execrations against Vulcan, he concludes thus:—
In Ben Johnson's curses against Vulcan, he wraps it up like this:—

Curse you, Vulcan! May Pandora's curse And all the troubles that came out of her box
Light on you. And if those plagues do not come Curse your wife's pox, and Bess Broughton's as well.

—In the first edition in 8vo her name is thus at length.
—In the first edition in 8vo, her name is written out in full.

I see that there have been famous woemen before our times.
I see that there have been famous women before our time.

Vixêre strong before Agamemnon Multi, etc.

Horace, lib. 4, ode 9.

Horace, book 4, ode 9.

I doe remember her father (1646), neer 80, the handsomest shaped man that ever my eies beheld, a very wise man and of an admirable elocution. He was a committee-man in Herefordshire and Glocestershire. He was commissary to colonel Massey. He was of the Puritan party heretofore; had a great guift in praying, etc. His wife (I have heard my grandmother say, who was her neighbor) had as great parts as he. He was the first that used the improvement of land by soape-ashes when he lived at Bristowe, where they then threw it away.
I remember her father (1646), nearly 80, the most handsome man I have ever seen, very wise and an excellent speaker. He served on committees in Herefordshire and Gloucestershire. He was a commissary to Colonel Massey. He used to be part of the Puritan party; he had a great gift for praying, among other things. His wife (as my grandmother, who was her neighbor, used to say) was equally talented. He was the first to improve land using soap ashes when he lived in Bristol, where they were then just discarded.

William Brouncker, 2nd viscount (1620-1684).

[497]William, lord viscount Brouncker of Lions in Ireland: he lived in Oxford when 'twas a garrison for the King: but he was of no university, he told me. He addicted [Pg 129]himselfe only to the study of the mathematicks, and was a very great artist in that learning.
[497]William, Lord Viscount Brouncker of Lions in Ireland: he lived in Oxford when it was a garrison for the King, but he said he wasn't part of any university. He focused solely on studying mathematics and was a highly skilled artist in that field. [Pg 129]

His mother was an extraordinary great gamester, and playd all, gold play; she kept the box herselfe. Mr. ... Arundall (brother of the lord Wardour) made a song in characters of the nobility. Among others, I remember this,
His mother was an exceptional gambler and played for money; she handled the bets herself. Mr. ... Arundall (brother of Lord Wardour) wrote a song about the nobility. Among other things, I remember this,

Here's to my lady Brouncker and the best card she's got in her hand,
And a toast to my lord, her husband, with not even a foot of land.

He was president of the Royall Society about 15 yeares [BI].
He was president of the Royal Society for about 15 years [BI].

He was ... of the Navy office [BJ].
He was ... of the Navy office [BJ].

He dyed April the 5th, 1684; buried the 14th following in the vault which he caused to be made (8 foot long, 4 foot broad, and about 4 foot high) in the middle of the quire of Saint Katharine's, neer the Tower, of which convent he was governour. He gave a fine organ to this church a little before his death; and whereas it was a noble and large choire, he divided in the middle with a good skreen (at his owne chardge), which haz spoiled .
He died on April 5, 1684, and was buried on the 14th in the vault he had made (8 feet long, 4 feet wide, and about 4 feet high) in the middle of the choir at Saint Katharine's near the Tower, where he was the governor. He donated a fine organ to this church shortly before his death, and since it was a grand and spacious choir, he divided it in the middle with a nice screen (at his own expense), which has ruined it.

<A note written by him [BK].>

[498]Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Sir,

These are to give notice that on Friday next the thirtieth day of this instant November, 1677, being St. Andrew's day, the council and officers of the Royal Society are to be elected for the year ensuing. At which election your presence is expected in Gresham Colledge at nine of the clock in the forenoon precisely.
These are to inform you that on Friday, the 30th of November, 1677, which is St. Andrew's Day, the council and officers of the Royal Society will be elected for the coming year. Your presence is expected at Gresham College at 9:00 AM sharp for this election.

(For John Aubrey, esq.)

Brouncker, P. R. S.

(For John Aubrey, Esq.)

Brouncker, P. R. S.

Notes.

[BI] He was President, 1663, from the incorporation of the Royal Society, to 1677.
[BI] He served as President from 1663, when the Royal Society was founded, until 1677.

[BJ] He was a Lord of the Admiralty in 1680, and again in 1682.
[BJ] He served as a Lord of the Admiralty in 1680, and then again in 1682.

[BK] The signature is in long sloping letters, like the children's puzzles of thirty years' back, which could be read only when the paper was held edgeways. It has beaten Anthony Wood, who notes at the side:—'What this name is I know not.'
[BK] The signature is written in long, slanted letters, similar to the children's puzzles from thirty years ago that could only be read when the paper was held sideways. It has stumped Anthony Wood, who comments on the side:—'I do not know what this name is.'

[Pg 130]
[Pg 130]

William Browne (1591-1645).

[499]The earle of Carnarvon does not remember Mr. Brown [BL], and I ask't his lordship lately again if any of his servants doe: he assures me no.
[499]The Earl of Carnarvon doesn’t remember Mr. Brown [BL], and I recently asked his lordship again if any of his servants do. He assures me no.

Note.

[BL] The inquiry was made of Charles Dormer, second earl of Carnarvon. William Browne, author of Britannia's Pastorals, had been tutor in 1624 to Robert Dormer (created earl of Carnarvon in 1628) in Exeter College.
[BL] The question was directed to Charles Dormer, the second earl of Carnarvon. William Browne, who wrote Britannia's Pastorals, served as a tutor to Robert Dormer (who became the earl of Carnarvon in 1628) at Exeter College in 1624.

Robert Burton (1576/7-1639/40).

[500]Memorandum. Mr. Robert Hooke of Gresham College told me that he lay in the chamber in Christ Church that was Mr. Burton's, of whom 'tis whispered that, non obstante all his astrologie and his booke of Melancholie, he ended his dayes in that chamber by hanging him selfe.
[500]Memorandum. Mr. Robert Hooke from Gresham College told me that he stayed in the room at Christ Church that belonged to Mr. Burton, who is rumored to have, despite all his astrology and his book of Melancholy, met his end in that room by hanging himself.

Thomas Bushell (1594-1674).

[501]Mr. Thomas Bushell was an ... shire man, borne ...: quaere Thomas Mariet, esq. [He [502] was borne at Marston in ... shire, neer him.]
[501]Mr. Thomas Bushell was a man from ... shire, born ...: question Thomas Mariet, esq. [He [502] was born at Marston in ... shire, near him.]

He was one of the gentlemen that wayted on the Lord Chancellour Bacon. 'Twas the fashion in those dayes for gentlemen to have their suites of clothes garnished with buttons. My Lord Bacon was then in disgrace, and his man Bushell having more buttons then usuall on his cloake, etc., they sayd that his lord's breech made buttons and Bushell wore them—from whence he was called buttond Bushell.
He was one of the gentlemen who served Lord Chancellor Bacon. Back then, it was fashionable for gentlemen to have their suits embellished with buttons. Lord Bacon was in disgrace at the time, and his servant Bushell, having more buttons than usual on his cloak, was said to have buttons made from his lord's pants, and so he was called buttoned Bushell.

He was only an English scholar, but had a good witt and a working and contemplative head. His lord much loved him.
He was just an English scholar, but he had a sharp wit and a thoughtful mind. His lord cared for him deeply.

[Pg 131]
[Pg 131]

His genius lay most towards naturall philosophy, and particularly towards the discovery, drayning, and improvement of the silver mines in Cardiganshire [503], etc.
His genius was mostly in natural philosophy, especially in discovering, extracting, and improving the silver mines in Cardiganshire [503], etc.

He had the strangest bewitching way to drawe-in people (yea, discreet and wary men) into his projects that ever I heard of. His tongue was a chaine and drewe in so many to be bound for him and to be ingaged in his designes that he ruined a number. Mr. Goodyere of ... in Oxfordshire was undon by him among others; see [504] part iii. pag. 6 b.
He had the weirdest, most captivating way of drawing people (even cautious and careful men) into his projects that I've ever heard of. His words were like a chain, pulling so many in to be tied to him and involved in his plans that he caused a lot of people to fall apart. Mr. Goodyere of ... in Oxfordshire was ruined by him, along with others; see [504] part iii. pag. 6 b.

He was master of the art of running in debt, and lived so long that his depts were forgott, so that they were the great-grandchildren of the creditors.
He was skilled at accumulating debt and lived for so long that his debts were forgotten, to the point where they became the great-grandchildren of the creditors.

He wrote a stich't treatise of mines and improving of the adits to them and bellowes to drive-in wind, which Sir John Danvers, his acquaintance, had, and nayled it [BM] to his parlor-wall at Chelsey, with some scheme, and I beleeve is there yet: I sawe it there about 10 yeares since.
He wrote a brief treatise on mines and ways to improve the tunnels and bellows to bring in air, which his friend Sir John Danvers had and nailed it to the wall of his parlor at Chelsea, along with some plans, and I believe it's still there: I saw it there about 10 years ago.

During the time of the civill warres, he lived in Lundy island.
During the time of the civil wars, he lived on Lundy Island.

Anno 1647 or 8, he came over into England; and when he landed at Chester, and had but one Spanish threepence (this I had then from ... of Great Tew, to whom he told it), and, sayd he, 'I [505] could have been contented to have begged a penny, like a poor man.' At that time he sayd he owed, I forgett whether it was 50 or sixty thousand pounds: but he was like Sir Kenelm Digby, if he had not 4d., wherever he came he would find respect and credit.
In 1647 or 1648, he arrived in England. When he landed in Chester, he had only one Spanish threepence (I learned this from ... of Great Tew, to whom he mentioned it), and he said, "I could have been fine with begging for a penny, like a poor man." At that time, he claimed he owed, I forget if it was 50 or 60 thousand pounds, but he was like Sir Kenelm Digby; no matter where he went, he always found respect and credit, even if he didn't have a penny to his name.

☞ Memorandum, after his master the lord chancellor dyed, he maried ..., and lived at Enston, Oxon; where having some land lyeing on the hanging of a hill faceing the south, at the foot wherof runnes a fine cleare stream which petrifies, and where is a pleasant solitude, he spake to his servant [Pg 132]Jack [XXX.] Sydenham to gett a labourer to cleare some boscage which grew on the side of the hill, and also to dig [506] a cavity in the hill to sitt, and read or contemplate. The workman had not workt an hower before he discovers not only a rock, but a rock of an unusuall figure with pendants like icecles as at Wokey hole (Somerset), which was the occasion of making that delicate grotto and those fine walkes.
☞ Memorandum, after his master the lord chancellor died, he married ..., and lived at Enston, Oxon; where he owned some land on the slope of a hill facing south, at the foot of which runs a clear stream that petrifies, and where there is a pleasant solitude. He told his servant [Pg 132]Jack [XXX.] Sydenham to find a laborer to clear some underbrush growing on the hill, and also to dig [506] a spot in the hill where he could sit, read, or reflect. The worker had barely begun for an hour when he discovered not just a rock, but an oddly shaped rock with icicle-like pendants, similar to those at Wokey Hole (Somerset), which led to the creation of that lovely grotto and those beautiful paths.

[XXX.] lived before with Sir Charles Snell at Kington St. Michaell. He was wont to carry me in his armes: a gracefull servant. He gave me this account.
[XXX.] used to live with Sir Charles Snell in Kington St. Michaell. He used to carry me in his arms: a graceful servant. He shared this story with me.

Here in fine weather he would walke all night. Jack Sydenham sang rarely: so did his other servant, Mr. Batty. They went very gent. in cloathes, and he loved them as his children.
Here in nice weather, he would walk all night. Jack Sydenham rarely sang, and neither did his other servant, Mr. Batty. They dressed very smartly, and he loved them like his own children.

He did not encumber him selfe with his wife, but here enjoyed himselfe thus in this paradise till the war brake out, and then retired to Lundy isle.
He didn't burden himself with his wife, but instead enjoyed himself in this paradise until the war broke out, and then he retreated to Lundy Island.

He had donne something (I have forgott what) that made him obnoxious to the Parliament or Oliver Cromwell, about 1650; would have been hangd if taken; printed severall letters to the Parliament, etc., dated from beyond sea, and all that time lay privately in his howse in Lambeth marsh where the [507] pointed pyramis is. In the garret there, is a long gallery, which he hung all with [508] black, and had some death's heads and bones painted. At the end where his couch was, was in an old Gothique nich (like an old monument) painted a skeleton incumbent [509] on a matt. At the other end where was his pallet-bed was an emaciated dead man stretched out. Here he had severall mortifying and divine motto's (he imitated his lord [510] as much as he could), and out of his windowes a very pleasant prospect. At night he walkt in the garden and orchard. Only Mr. Sydenham, and an old trusty woman, was privy to his being in England.
He had done something (I forgot what) that made him hated by Parliament or Oliver Cromwell around 1650; he would have been hanged if caught. He printed several letters to Parliament, etc., dated from overseas, and during that time, he secretly stayed in his house in Lambeth Marsh where the [507] pointed pyramid is. In the attic there, he had a long gallery that he decorated entirely in [508] black and had some skulls and bones painted. At the end where his couch was, in an old Gothic niche (like an ancient monument), he had a painted skeleton lying on a mat. At the other end where his pallet bed was, there was a thin dead man stretched out. He had several mortifying and divine mottos (he imitated his lord [510] as much as he could), and from his windows, there was a very pleasant view. At night, he walked in the garden and orchard. Only Mr. Sydenham and an old trusted woman knew he was in England.

He dyed about 1676 or 1677—quaere where—he was 80 yeares of age. [He [511] dyed in Scotland yard neer [Pg 133]Whitehall about 1675 or 1677; Mr. Beach the quaker can tell me exactly.]
He died around 1676 or 1677—let's find out where—he was 80 years old. [He [511] died in Scotland Yard near [Pg 133]Whitehall about 1675 or 1677; Mr. Beach the Quaker can tell me exactly.]

His entertainment to Queen Henrietta Marie at Enston was in anno 163<6, 23 August>. Insert, i.e. sowe [512] my book (which J. S.[513] gave my grandfather Isaac Lyte) in this place ... Goodall [BN], of Ch. Ch. Oxon, composed [514] the musique; I remember the student of Ch. Ch. which sang the songs ( now forgett his name).
His performance for Queen Henrietta Marie at Enston took place in 1636 on August 23rd. Insert, i.e., sowe [512] my book (which J. S.[513] gave to my grandfather Isaac Lyte) here... Goodall [BN], from Ch. Ch. Oxon, composed [514] the music; I remember the student from Ch. Ch. who sang the songs (I now forget his name).

[515]Mr. Bushell had a daughter maried to a merchant ... in Bristowe.
[515]Mr. Bushell had a daughter who was married to a merchant in Bristol.

He was a handsome proper gentleman when I sawe him at his house aforesayd at Lambith. He was about 70 but I should have not guessed him hardly 60. He had a perfect healthy constitution; fresh, ruddy face; hawke-nosed, and was temperate.
He was a handsome, respectable gentleman when I saw him at his house in Lambeth. He was around 70, but I would hardly have guessed he was even 60. He had a perfectly healthy body, a fresh, rosy face, a hawk-like nose, and was moderate in his habits.

As he had the art of running in dept, so sometimes he was attacqued and throwen into prison; but he would extricate him selfe again straingely.
As he was skilled at getting into debt, he was sometimes attacked and thrown into prison; but he would manage to get himself out again in remarkable ways.

He [516] died about 3 yeares since ( Sir William Dugdale), i.e. about 1677; and was buried at....
He [516] died about 3 years ago (from Sir William Dugdale), which is around 1677; and was buried at....

Memorandum:—in the time of the civill warres his [517] hermitage over the rocks at Enston were hung with black-bayes; his bed had black curtaines, etc., but it had no bed-postes but hung by 4 cordes (covered with black-bayes) instead of bed postes. When the queen-mother came to Oxon to the king, she either brought (as I thinke) or somebody gave her an entire mummie from Egypt, a great raritie, which her majestie gave to Mr. Bushell, but I beleeve long ere this time the dampnesse of the place haz spoyled it with mouldinesse.
Memorandum: During the time of the Civil Wars, his hermitage over the rocks at Enston was decorated with black fabric; his bed had black curtains, etc., but it had no bedposts and hung by four cords (covered with black fabric) instead of bedposts. When the queen mother came to Oxford to see the king, she either brought (as I believe) or someone gave her an entire mummy from Egypt, a great rarity, which her majesty gave to Mr. Bushell, but I believe that long before this time the dampness of the place has spoiled it with mold.

Memorandum:—the grotto [518] belowe lookes just south; so that when it artificially raineth, upon the turning of a cock, you are enterteined with a rainebowe. In a very [Pg 134]little pond (no bigger then a basin) opposite to the rock, and hard by, stood (1643, Aug. 8) a Neptune, neatly cutt in wood, holding his trident in his hand, and ayming with it at a duck which perpetually turned round with him, and a spanniel swimming after her—which was very pretty, but long since spoyled. I heare that ... earl of Rochester, in whose possession it now is, doeth keepe it very well in order.
Memorandum:—the grotto [518] below looks just south; so that when it artificially rains, when you turn a lever, you are treated to a rainbow. In a small pond (no bigger than a basin) opposite the rock, and nearby, stood (1643, Aug. 8) a Neptune, intricately carved from wood, holding his trident and aiming it at a duck that constantly spun in circles, with a spaniel swimming after her—which was very charming, but has since been ruined. I hear that the earl of Rochester, who now owns it, keeps it very well maintained.

[519]Mr. Bushell was the greatest arts-master to runne in dept (perhaps) in the world. He died one hundred and twenty thousand pounds in dept. He had so delicate a way of making his projects alluring and feazible, profitable, that he drewe to his baites not only rich men of no designe, but also the craftiest knaves in the countrey, such who had cosened and undon others: e.g. Mr. Goodyeere, who undid Mr. Nicholas Mees's father, etc.
[519]Mr. Bushell was the greatest arts master, perhaps, in debt in the world. He died a hundred and twenty thousand pounds in debt. He had such a delicate way of making his projects enticing and feasible, profitable, that he attracted not only rich men without any purpose but also the most cunning con artists in the country, like Mr. Goodyeere, who destroyed Mr. Nicholas Mees's father, etc.

Vide Plea for Irish cattle.
See Plea for Irish cattle.

Vide [520] φ p. 148, Bushell's rocks.
Vide __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ φ p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__, Bushell's rocks.

Quaere his servant John Sydenham for the collection of remarques of severall partes of England, by the said Mr. Bushell.
Quaere his servant John Sydenham for the collection of notes from various parts of England, by the said Mr. Bushell.

[521]Memorandum:—his ingeniose invention of aditus with bellowes to bring fresh aire into the mines: quaere Mr. Beech (quaker) if he hath his printed booke or where it may be had. He gave one to Sir John Danvers, which was nayled in the parlour to the wainscot: 'twas but about 8 sheetes.
[521]Memorandum:—his clever invention of aditus with bellows to bring fresh air into the mines: check with Mr. Beech (Quaker) if he has his printed book or where it can be found. He gave one to Sir John Danvers, which was hung in the parlor on the paneling: it was only about 8 sheets.

Quaere Dr. Plott ( Antiquities of Oxonshire) of the booke I gave him some yeares since of the songs and entertainment of Mr. Bushell to queen Henrietta Marie at his rocks. If he had it not, perhaps Anthony Wood had it. Mr. E W sayes that he tap't the mountaine of Snowdon in ... in Wales, which was like to have drowned all the countrey; and they were like to knock him and his men in the head.
Ask Dr. Plott ( Antiquities of Oxonshire) about the book I gave him a few years ago about the songs and entertainment of Mr. Bushell for Queen Henrietta Maria at his estate. If he doesn't have it, maybe Anthony Wood has it. Mr. Edmund Wyld says he tapped the mountain of Snowdon in ... in Wales, which almost flooded the entire country, and they were about to knock him and his men out.

[Pg 135]
[Pg 135]

Mr. Thomas Bushell lay some time (perhaps yeares) at Capt. Norton's, in the gate at Scotland-yard, where he dyed seven yeares since (now, 1684), about 80 aetat. Buried in the little cloysters at Westminster Abbey: vide the Register. Somebody putt [522] B. B. upon the stone [XXXI.].—From Mr. Beech the quaker.
Mr. Thomas Bushell stayed for a while (maybe years) at Capt. Norton's place in Scotland Yard, where he passed away seven years ago (now, 1684), at around 80 years old. He was buried in the small cloisters at Westminster Abbey: see the Register. Someone placed B. B. on the stone.—From Mr. Beech the Quaker.

[XXXI.] Now, 1687, gon: all new paved.
[XXXI.] Now, 1687, gon: all new paved.

Notes.

[BM] 'Nailed,' I suppose, after the fashion of nailing counterfeit coins to the counter, or vermin to the stable door. Sir John Danvers had probably lost money in the 'scheme.'
[BM] 'Nailed,' I guess, like nailing fake coins to the counter or nailing pests to the stable door. Sir John Danvers likely lost money in the 'scheme.'

[BN] Stephen Goodall, chaplain of Ch. Ch., died in Oxford, in Sept. 1637.—Griffiths' Index to Wills ... at Oxford, p. 24.
[BN] Stephen Goodall, the chaplain of Christ Church, passed away in Oxford in September 1637.—Griffiths' Index to Wills ... at Oxford, p. 24.

Anthony Wood says the music was composed by Samuel Ives. Aubrey's copy of these poems is now among Anthony Wood's books in the Bodleian.
Anthony Wood says the music was composed by Samuel Ives. Aubrey's copy of these poems is now among Anthony Wood's books in the Bodleian.

Samuel Butler (1612/3-1680).

[523]Mr. Samuel Butler was [524] borne [XXXII.] at Pershore in Worcestershire, as we suppose: his brother lives there.
[523]Mr. Samuel Butler was [524] born [XXXII.] in Pershore, Worcestershire, we believe; his brother lives there.

[XXXII.] He was born in Worcestershire, hard by Barbon-bridge, ½ a mile from Worcester, in the parish of St. John, Mr. Hill thinkes, who went to schoole with him.
[XXXII.] He was born in Worcestershire, near Barbon-bridge, half a mile from Worcester, in the parish of St. John, Mr. Hill thinks, who went to school with him.

He went to schoole at Worcester—from Mr. Hill.
He went to school at Worcester—from Mr. Hill.

His father a man but of slender fortune, and to breed him at schoole was as much education as he was able to reach to. When [525] but a boy he would make observations and reflections on every thing one sayd or did, and censure it to be either well or ill. He never was at the university, for the reason alledged.
His father was a man of limited means, and sending him to school was about as much education as he could afford. When he was just a boy, he would make observations and reflections on everything anyone said or did, and judge it as either good or bad. He never attended university for the reason mentioned.

He came when a young man to be a servant to the countesse of Kent, whom he served severall yeares. Here, besides his study, he employed his time much in painting and drawing, and also in musique. He was thinking once to have made painting his profession—from Dr. Duke. His love to and skill in painting made a great friendship [Pg 136]between him and Mr. Samuel Cowper (the prince of limners of this age).
He came as a young man to serve the Countess of Kent, a position he held for several years. During this time, in addition to his studies, he spent a lot of his time painting, drawing, and making music. At one point, he considered making painting his profession, encouraged by Dr. Duke. His passion for and talent in painting led to a strong friendship between him and Mr. Samuel Cowper (the top artist of this era). [Pg 136]

He then studyed the Common Lawes of England, but did not practise. He maried a good jointuresse, the relict of ... Morgan, by which meanes he lives comfortably.
He then studied the common laws of England, but did not practice. He married a wealthy widow, the relict of ... Morgan, which allowed him to live comfortably.

After the restauration of his majestie when the court at Ludlowe was againe sett-up, he was then the king's steward at the castle there.
After the restoration of his majesty, when the court at Ludlow was reestablished, he became the king's steward at the castle there.

He printed a witty Poeme called Hudibras, the first part anno 166.. which tooke extremely [526]; so that the king and Lord Chancellor Hyde [XXXIII.] would have him sent for, and accordingly he was sent for. They both promised him great matters, but to this day he haz got no employment, only the king gave him ... li.
He published a clever poem called Hudibras, the first part in 166.., which became incredibly popular [526]; so much so that the king and Lord Chancellor Hyde [XXXIII.] had him summoned, and he was indeed summoned. They both promised him significant opportunities, but to this day he has received no job, just that the king gave him ... li.

[XXXIII.] The Lord Chancellor Hyde haz his picture in his library over the chimney.
[XXXIII.] The Lord Chancellor Hyde has his picture in his library above the fireplace.

He is of a middle stature, strong sett, high coloured, a head of sorrell haire, a severe and sound judgement: a good fellowe. He haz often sayd that way (e.g. Mr. Edmund Waller's) of quibling with sence will hereafter growe as much out of fashion and be as ridicule as quibling with words—quod N.B. He haz been much troubled with the gowt, and particularly 1679, he stirred not out of his chamber from October till Easter.
He is of average height, strong build, has reddish-brown hair, and a serious yet sound judgment: a good guy. He has often said that the style of arguing with meaning (like Mr. Edmund Waller’s) will eventually go out of fashion and be as ridiculous as playing with words—note that. He has suffered a lot from gout, especially in 1679, when he didn't leave his room from October until Easter.

Obiit Anno {Domini 1680}.
{circiter 70. }

Obit in the year 1680.
{about 70. }

He dyed of a consumption September 25; and buried 27, according to his appointment [527], in the churchyard of Convent Garden; scil. in the north part next the church at the east end. His feet touch the wall. His grave, 2 yards distant from the pillaster of the dore, (by his desire) 6 foot deepe.
He died of tuberculosis on September 25 and was buried on the 27th as planned [527] in the churchyard of Covent Garden; specifically, in the northern section next to the church at the east end. His feet are against the wall. His grave is 2 yards away from the pillar of the door, (by his request) 6 feet deep.

About 25 of his old acquaintance at his funerall. I myself being one [of [528] the eldest, helped to carry [529] the pall with Tom Shadwell, at the foot, Sir Robert Thomas [Pg 137]and Mr. Saunders, esq., at the head; Dr. Cole and Dr. Davenant, middle]. His coffin covered with black bayes;
About 25 of his old acquaintances attended his funeral. I, being one of the eldest, helped carry the pall with Tom Shadwell at the foot, Sir Robert Thomas and Mr. Saunders, Esq., at the head; Dr. Cole and Dr. Davenant in the middle. His coffin was covered with black baize;

S. B. 1680 [530].
S. B. 1680__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

[531]Insert in vita Sam. Butler his verses of the Jesuites, not printed, which I gave to you [532] about 12 or 14.
[531]Insert in the life of Sam. Butler his verses about the Jesuits, which haven't been published yet, that I gave to you [532] around 12 or 14.

[533]Hudibras unprinted.

No Jesuit ever took on, To establish a church in desolate areas;
Or ever thought it was worth his time
A Swede or Russian to make peace; For where there is no store of wealth,
Souls aren't worth the price of health__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. Spain and America had two plans. To sell their__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ghospell for their mines; For if the Mexicans had been poor, No Spaniard had set foot on their shore more than once. It was gold that the Catholic Religion planted,
If they had wanted gold, they would still want it.

He had made very sharp reflexions upon the court in his last part [536]:—
He had made some very pointed comments about the court in his last part [536]:—

Didn't the knowledgeable Glynne and Maynard To prove that true subjects are actually traitors, you have to try hard?

[537]Mr. Saunders (the countesse of Kent's kinsman) sayd that Mr. John Selden much esteemed him for his partes, and would sometimes employ him to write letters for him beyond sea, and to translate for him. He was secretarie to the duke of Bucks, when he was Chancellor of Cambridge. He might have had preferments at first; but he would not accept any but very good ones, so at last he had none at all, and dyed in want.
[537]Mr. Saunders (the Countess of Kent's relative) said that Mr. John Selden thought highly of him for his abilities and would occasionally ask him to write letters for him overseas and to translate for him. He was the secretary to the Duke of Buckingham when he was Chancellor of Cambridge. He could have had promotions at first, but he only wanted really good ones, so in the end, he ended up with none at all and died in poverty.

[Pg 138]
[Pg 138]

He painted well and made it (sometime) his profession.
He painted well and eventually made it his profession.

He wayted some yeares on the countess of Kent: she gave her gentlemen 20li. per annum a-piece. Mr. John Selden tooke notice of his partes and would many times make him write or translate for him.
He waited several years on the Countess of Kent; she gave her gentlemen £20 each per year. Mr. John Selden took notice of his skills and often asked him to write or translate for him.

Obiit sine prole.
Died without offspring.

[538]Samuel Butler writt my lord [John [539]] Rosse's Answer to [Robert [540]] the marquesse of Dorchester.
[538]Samuel Butler wrote my lord [John [539]] Rosse's response to [Robert [540]] the Marquess of Dorchester.

Memorandum:—satyricall witts disoblige whom they converse with, etc.; and consequently make to themselves many enemies and few friends; and this was his manner and case. He was of a leonine-coloured haire, sanguino-cholerique, middle sized, strong.
Memorandum:—satirical wits alienate those they interact with, etc.; and as a result, they create many enemies and few friends; and this was his situation. He had lion-colored hair, was quick-tempered, of average height, and strong.

William Butler (1535-1617/8).

[541]...[542] Butler, physitian; he was of Clare-hall in Cambridge, never tooke the degree of Doctor, though he was the greatest physitian of his time.
[541]...[542] Butler, physician; he studied at Clare Hall in Cambridge but never earned the degree of Doctor, even though he was the best physician of his time.

The occasion of his being first taken notice of was thus [XXXIV.]:—About the comeing-in of [543] king James, there was a minister of ... (a few miles from Cambridge), that was to preach before his majestie at New-market. The parson heard that the king was a great scholar, and studyed so excessively that he could not sleep, so somebody gave him some opium, which had made him sleep his last, had not Dr. Butler [544] used this following remedy. He was sent for by the parson's wife. When he came and sawe the parson, and asked what they had donne, he told her that she was in danger to be hanged for killing her husband, and so in great choler left her. It was at that time when the cowes came into the backside to be [Pg 139]milk't. He turnes back, and asked whose cowes those were. She sayd husband's [545]. Sayd he, 'will you give one of these cowes to fetch your husband to life again?' That she would, with all her heart. He then causes one presently to be killed and opened, and the parson [XXXV.] to be taken out of his bed and putt into the cowes warme belly, which after some time brought him to life, or els he had infallibly dyed.
The first time he caught anyone's attention was like this: Around the time King James was coming in, there was a minister not far from Cambridge who was supposed to preach for his majesty at Newmarket. The parson had heard that the king was a great scholar who was so dedicated to his studies that he couldn’t sleep, and someone had given him opium, which would have caused him to sleep for good if Dr. Butler hadn’t used the following remedy. The parson's wife sent for him. When he arrived and saw the parson, he asked what had happened. He told her that she could be hanged for killing her husband, and then he left her in a rage. At that moment, the cows came into the backyard to be milked. He turned back and asked whose cows those were. She replied they belonged to her husband. He said, "Would you give one of these cows to bring your husband back to life?" She said she would, with all her heart. He then had one killed and opened immediately, and the parson was taken out of his bed and placed inside the warm belly of the cow, which after some time revived him; otherwise, he would have surely died.

[XXXIV.] From Edmund Waller, esqre.
From Edmund Waller, Esq.

[XXXV.] Quaere [546] E. W. or Gale, who?
Ask E. W. or Gale, who?

Memorandum:—there is a parallell storie to this in Machiavell's Florentiac History, where 'tis sayd that one of the Cosmo's being poysoned was putt into a mule's belly, sowed up, with a place only for his head to come out.
Memorandum:—there is a parallel story to this in Machiavelli's Florentine History, where it is said that one of the Medici was poisoned and placed inside a mule's belly, sewn up, with only a opening for his head to come out.

He was a humorist [547]. One time king James sent for him to New-market, and when he was gon halfe way left the messenger and turned back; so then the messenger made him ride before him.
He was a humorist [547]. One time, King James summoned him to Newmarket, and when he was halfway there, he dismissed the messenger and turned back. So, the messenger made him ride ahead of him.

I thinke he was never maried. He lived in an apothecary's shop, in Cambridge, Crane, to whom he left his estate; and he in gratitude erected the monument [548] for him, at his owne chardge, in the fashion [549] he used. He was not greedy of money, except choice pieces of gold or rarities.
I don’t think he was ever married. He lived in an apothecary's shop in Cambridge, owned by John Crane, to whom he left his estate. In gratitude, Crane built a monument for him at his own expense, in the style he preferred. He wasn’t greedy for money, except for specific pieces of gold or unique items.

He would many times (I have heard say) sitt among the boyes at St. Maries church in Cambridge ( ☞ and just so would the famous attorney-generall Noy, in Lincoln's Inne, who had many such froliques and humours).
He would often (I’ve heard people say) sit among the boys at St. Mary’s Church in Cambridge (☞ and the famous Attorney General Noy did the same at Lincoln's Inn, where he had many such antics and quirks).

I remember Mr. Wodenoth, of King's College, told me, that being sent for to ... ... he told him that his disease was not to be found in Galen or Hippocrates, but in Tullie's Epistles, Cum non sis ubi fueris, non est cur velis vivere.
I remember Mr. Wodenoth from King's College telling me that when he was called to see someone, he mentioned that his illness couldn't be found in Galen or Hippocrates, but in Cicero's Letters, “Since you are not where you were, there is no reason for you to want to live.”

I thinke he left his estate to the apothecarie. He gave to the chapell of Clare-hall, a bowle [550], for the communion, of gold (cost, I thinke, 2 or 300 li.), on which is engraved [Pg 140]a pelican feeding her young with the bloud from her breast (an embleme of the passion of Christ), no motto, for the embleme explained it selfe.
I think he left his estate to the apothecary. He gave the chapel of Clare Hall a gold bowl [550], for communion, which I believe cost 2 or 300 li.. It's engraved with a pelican feeding her young with blood from her breast (an emblem of the passion of Christ), with no motto, since the emblem speaks for itself.

He lies buried in the south side of St. Marie's chancell, in Cambridge, wher is a decent monument, with his body halfe way, and an inscription, which gett.
He is buried on the south side of St. Marie's chapel in Cambridge, where there is a respectable monument, with his body halfway, and an inscription that reads.

He was much addicted to his humours, and would suffer persons of quality to wayte sometimes some houres at his dore, with coaches, before he would recieve them. Once, on the rode from Cambridge to London, he tooke a fancy to a chamberlayn or tapster in his inne, and tooke him with him, and made him his favourite, by whom only accession was to be had to him, and thus enriched him. Dr. Gale [BO], of Paul's schoole, assures me that a French man came one time from London to Cambridge, purposely to see him, whom he made stay two howres for him in his gallery, and then he came out to him in an old blew gowne; the French gentleman makes him 2 or 3 very lowe bowes downe to the ground; Dr. Butler whippes his legge over his head, and away goes into his chamber, and did not speake with him.
He was really into his moods and would sometimes make important people wait for hours at his door with their coaches before he would let them in. Once, on the road from Cambridge to London, he took a liking to a chamberlain or bartender at his inn and brought him along, making him his favorite. Only through this favorite could people access him, and he ended up enriching him. Dr. Gale [BO], from Paul's school, tells me that a Frenchman once traveled from London to Cambridge specifically to see him, and he made the man wait two hours for him in his gallery. When he finally came out, he was wearing an old blue gown; the French gentleman bowed down to the ground two or three times, and Dr. Butler just flicked his leg over his head and went back to his room, not saying a word to him.

He kept an old mayd whose name was Nell. Dr. Butler would many times goe to the taverne, but drinke by himselfe. About 9 or 10 at night old Nell comes for him with a candle and lanthorne, and sayes 'Come you home, you drunken beast.' By and by Nell would stumble; then her master calls her 'drunken beast'; and so they did drunken beast one another all the way till they came home.
He had an old maid named Nell. Dr. Butler often went to the tavern but would drink alone. Around 9 or 10 at night, old Nell would come for him with a candle and lantern, saying, "Come on, you drunken beast." After a while, Nell would trip; then her master would call her a "drunken beast," and they would take turns calling each other that all the way home.

[551]A serving man brought his master's water to doctor Butler, being then in his studie (with turn'd barres) but would not bee spoken with. After much fruitlesse importunity, the man told the doctor he was resolved he should see his master's water; he would not be turned away—threw it on the Dr's. head. This humour pleased the Dr. and he went to the gent. and cured him— Mr. R. Hooke.
[551]A servant brought his master's urine sample to Dr. Butler, who was then in his study (with closed doors) but would not be interrupted. After much persistent pleading, the servant insisted that the doctor had to see his master's urine; he refused to be dismissed—so he threw it on the doctor's head. This situation amused the doctor, and he then went to the gentleman and treated him— Mr. R. Hooke.

[Pg 141]
[Pg 141]

A gent. lying a-dyeing, sent his servant with a horse for the doctor. The horse being exceeding dry, ducks downe his head strongly into the water, and plucks downe the Dr. over his head, who was plunged in the water over head and eares. The Dr. was madded, and would returne home. The man swore he should not; drew his sword, and gave him ever and anon (when he would returne) a little prick, and so drove him before him— Mr. ... Godfrey.
A gentleman who was on his deathbed sent his servant for the doctor on horseback. The horse was extremely thirsty, so it plunged its head into the water and pulled the doctor in headfirst. The doctor was furious and wanted to go home. The man insisted he couldn't do that, drew his sword, and kept poking him lightly whenever he tried to leave, driving him along in front of him— Mr. ... Godfrey.

[552]Some instances of Dr. Butler's cures:—from Mr. James Bovey.—The Dr. lyeing at the Savoy in London, next the water side, where was a balcony look't into the Thames, a patient came to him that was grievously tormented with an ague. The Dr. orders a boate to be in readinesse under his windowe, and discoursed with the patient (a gentleman) in the balcony, when on a signall given, 2 or 3 lusty fellowes came behind the gentleman and threw him a matter of 20 feete into the Thames. This surprize absolutely cured him.
[552]Some examples of Dr. Butler's treatments:—from Mr. James Bovey.—Dr. Butler was staying at the Savoy in London, right by the river, where there was a balcony overlooking the Thames. A patient who was suffering greatly from a fever came to see him. The doctor had a boat ready underneath his window and spoke with the patient (a gentleman) on the balcony. Then, at a signal, two or three strong men came up behind the gentleman and threw him about 20 feet into the Thames. This surprise completely cured him.

A gentleman with a red, ugly, pumpled face came to him for a cure. Said the Dr., 'I must hang you.' So presently he had a device made ready to hang him from a beame in the roome; and when he was e'en almost dead, he cutts the veines that fed these pumples, and lett-out the black ugly bloud, and cured him.
A guy with a red, nasty, puffy face came to him for help. The doctor said, 'I have to hang you.' So soon he set up a device to hang him from a beam in the room; and when he was nearly dead, he cut the veins that fed those bumps, let out the dark ugly blood, and cured him.

Another time one came to him for the cure of a cancer (or ulcer) in the bowells. Said the Dr., 'can ye——?' 'Yes,' said the patient. So the Dr. ordered a bason for him to——, and when he had so donne the Dr. commanded him to eate it up. This did the cure.
Another time someone came to him for treatment of a cancer (or ulcer) in the intestines. The doctor asked, "Can you—?" "Yes," replied the patient. So the doctor ordered a basin for him to—, and when he had done that, the doctor told him to eat it all up. This did the trick.

[553]Inscription on his monument [554].

This inscription was sent to me by my learned and honoured friend, Dr. Henry More, of Cambridge.
This message was sent to me by my knowledgeable and respected friend, Dr. Henry More, from Cambridge.

[Pg 142]
[Pg 142]

Nunc positis novus exuviis
Now shedding new skin

William Butler, Clare College former Partner, All Doctors The current era has easily seen those who are the foremost, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, this under marble according to the coming of Christ expectation, and this monument private piety established what was due public. Hey traveler, and having returned to you,
Tell me you have seen the place where safety is. jacet.

LABOR
WORK

QUIES
QUIES

No way! You touch the marble, Butlerum, while covering it, any If you think your name has glory. This is your monument; you are spoken of by it:
Butler lives in service, marble is inert. Thus live men, thus marvelously dead by art,
Phoebo, dear elder, you make stones come to life.
Butlero Herôum put this down: pain and faith.
Hey! What should I do, you exclaim, and you turn pale, Reader? But just one
What can remain for the miserable, this place warns: pray.
Obit 217. January 29. Aeta. 83.

[555]A scholar made this drolling epitaph:—
[555]A scholar wrote this amusing epitaph:—

Here lies Mr. Butler who was never a Doctor,
Who died in the year the Devil was Proctor__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Memorandum:—There is now in use [556] in London a sort of ale called Dr. Butler's ale.
Memorandum:—There is now in use [556] in London a type of beer called Dr. Butler's ale.

[557]Dr. Butler:—This inscription I recieved from Dr. Henry Moore of ... Cambridge. Quaere if his coat of arms is not there, and what? Quaere his coat of arms [558].
[557]Dr. Butler:—I got this inscription from Dr. Henry Moore of ... Cambridge. Let's see if his coat of arms is mentioned, and what it is? Check his coat of arms [558].

From Dr. H. More:—More's father was a very strong bodyed man. 'Twas forty stooles he gave his father; he [Pg 143]had almost killed him. Told him he would be the better for't as long as he lived.
From Dr. H. More:—More's father was a very strong man. He gave his father forty stools; it almost killed him. He told him he would be better off for it as long as he lived.

That he was chymical I know by this token that his mayd came running-in to him one time, like a slutt and a furie, with her haire about her eares, and cries [559], 'Butler! come and looke to your Devills yourselfe, and you will: the stills are all blowne up!' She tended them, and it seemes gave too great a heate. Old Dr. Ridgely [BQ] knew him, and I thinke was at that time [560] with him.—From this Dr. Ridgely his sonne.
That he was into chemistry I know because his maid came running in one time, looking like a mess with her hair all over the place, and yelled, 'Butler! Come check on your devils yourself, and you will see: the stills have all blown up!' She was looking after them, and it seems she gave them too much heat. Old Dr. Ridgely knew him, and I think he was with him at that time.—From this, Dr. Ridgely's son.

[561]Dr. Butler of Cambridge:—<Arms:—> 'azure, three lozenges in fess between 3 covered cups or.—This is the coate of armes on his monument. By reason of time and the ill colours I cannot positively say whether the field is azure or vert, but I beleeve 'tis the former.'—This information I had from Mr. Vere Philips, fellow of King's College, Cambridge.
[561]Dr. Butler of Cambridge:—<Arms:—> 'blue, three diamonds in a row between three covered cups gold.—This is the coat of arms on his monument. Due to the passage of time and the faded colors, I can't say for sure whether the background is blue or green, but I believe it's the former.'—I got this information from Mr. Vere Philips, a fellow of King's College, Cambridge.

Notes.

[BO] Thomas Gale, Head Master of St. Paul's School 1672-1697, D.D. Trin. Coll. Cambr. 1675.
[BO] Thomas Gale, Headmaster of St. Paul's School from 1672 to 1697, D.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1675.

[BP] Aubrey does not explain this 'drollery.' I can see nothing Satanic in the names of the Cambridge proctors for 1617-18, John Smithson and Alexander Read.
[BP] Aubrey doesn't clarify this 'drollery.' I see nothing sinister in the names of the Cambridge proctors for 1617-18, John Smithson and Alexander Read.

[BQ] Thomas Ridgley (Rugeley), M.D., St. John's, Cambr. 1608; his son Luke Ridgely, M.D., Christ's, Cambr.
[BQ] Thomas Ridgley (Rugeley), M.D., St. John's, Cambridge, 1608; his son Luke Ridgely, M.D., Christ's, Cambridge.

Cecil Calvert, 2nd baron Baltimore (1606-1675).

[562]Cecil Calvert, lord Baltemore, absolute lord and proprietary of Maryland and Avalon in America, son to Calvert (secretary of estate to king James), was gentleman-commoner of Trinity College, Oxon, contemporary with Mr. Francis Potter, B.D.
[562]Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore, the absolute lord and owner of Maryland and Avalon in America, was the son of Calvert (secretary of state to King James). He was a gentleman-commoner at Trinity College, Oxford, and was a contemporary of Mr. Francis Potter, B.D.

[563]Now if I would be rich, I could be a prince. I could goe into Maryland, which is one of the finest countrys of the world; same climate with France; between Virginia and New England. I can have all the favour of my lord [Pg 144]Baltemore I could wish.—His brother is his lieutenant there; and a very good natured gentleman.—Plenty of all things: ground there is 2000 miles westwards.
[563]If I were rich, I could be a prince. I could go to Maryland, which is one of the best places in the world; it has the same climate as France and is situated between Virginia and New England. I could have all the favor of my lord [Pg 144]Baltimore that I could hope for. His brother is his lieutenant there and a really nice guy. There's plenty of everything; the land extends 2,000 miles westward.

I could be able I believe to carry a colony of rogues; another, of ingeniose artificers; and I doubt not one might make a shift to have 5 or 6 ingeniose companions, which is enough.
I think I could manage to gather a group of con artists; another group of clever craftsmen; and I have no doubt that one could find 5 or 6 talented companions, which is plenty.

William Camden (1551-1623).

[564]Mr. William Camden, Clarencieux—vide Fuller's Holy State where is something of his life and birth, etc.: vide England's Worthies: quaere at the Heralds' Office when he was made Clarencieux.
[564]Mr. William Camden, Clarencieux—see Fuller's Holy State for some details about his life and birth, etc.: see England's Worthies: check with the Heralds' Office to find out when he became Clarencieux.

Mr. Edward Bagshawe (who had been second schoole-master of Westminster schoole) haz told me that Mr. Camden had first his place and his lodgeings (which is the gate-house by the Queen's Scholars' chamber in Deanes-yard), and was after made the head schoole-master of that schoole, where he writt and taught Institutio Græcae Grammatices Compendiaria: in usum Regiae Scholae Westmonasteriensis, which is now the common Greeke grammar of England, but his name is not sett to it. Before, they learned the prolix Greeke Grammar of Cleonard.
Mr. Edward Bagshawe, who used to be the second schoolmaster at Westminster School, told me that Mr. Camden first held his position and his accommodations, which is the gatehouse next to the Queen's Scholars' chamber in Deanes Yard. He was later made the head schoolmaster of that school, where he wrote and taught *Institutio Græcae Grammatices Compendiaria: in usum Regiae Scholae Westmonasteriensis*, which is now the standard Greek grammar in England, though his name isn’t on it. Previously, they studied the lengthy Greek Grammar by Cleonard.

He writt his Britannia first in a large 8º.
He wrote his Britannia first in a large 8º.

Annales reg. Elizabethae.
Elizabethan Chronicles.

There is a little booke in 16mo. of his printed, viz.: A Collection of all the Inscriptions then on the Tombes in Westminster Abbey.
There is a small book in 16mo of his printed, namely: A Collection of all the Inscriptions then on the Tombs in Westminster Abbey.

'Tis reported, that he had bad eies [565] (I guesse lippitude) which was a great inconvenience to an antiquary.
'It is reported that he had bad eyes [565] (I guess lippitude) which was a major inconvenience to an antiquarian.

Mr. Nicholas Mercator has Stadius's Ephemerides, which had been one of Mr. Camden's; his name is there (I knowe his hand) and there are some notes by which I find he was astrologically given.
Mr. Nicholas Mercator has Stadius's Ephemerides, which used to belong to Mr. Camden; his name is in it (I recognize his handwriting), and there are some notes that show he was interested in astrology.

[Pg 145]
[Pg 145]

In his Britannia he haz a remarkable astrologicall observation, that when Saturn is in Capricornus a great plague is certainly in London. He had observed it all his time, and setts downe the like made by others before his time. Saturn was so posited in the great plague 1625, and also in the last great plague 1665. He likewise delivers that when an eclipse happens in ... that 'tis fatall to the towne of Shrewsbury, for....
In his Britannia, he has a remarkable astrological observation that when Saturn is in Capricorn, a major plague is bound to hit London. He has noticed this throughout his life and records similar observations made by others before him. Saturn was in that position during the great plague of 1625, and again during the last major plague in 1665. He also states that when an eclipse occurs in... it is fatal for the town of Shrewsbury, for...

He was basted by a courtier of the queene's in the cloysters at Westminster for ... queen Elizabeth in his history—from Dr. John Earle, dean of Westminster.
He was criticized by a courtier of the queen's in the cloisters at Westminster for ... queen Elizabeth in his history—from Dr. John Earle, dean of Westminster.

My honoured and learned friend, Thomas Fludd, esq., a Kentish gentleman, ( 75, 1680) was neighbour and an acquaintance to Sir Robert Filmore, in Kent, who was very intimately acquainted with Mr. Camden, who told Sir Robert that he was not suffered to print many things in his Elizabetha, which he sent over to his acquaintance and correspondent Thuanus, who printed it all faithfully in his Annalls without altering a word—quod N. B.
My respected and knowledgeable friend, Thomas Fludd, Esq., a gentleman from Kent (aged 75, 1680), was a neighbor and acquaintance of Sir Robert Filmore in Kent, who was very closely acquainted with Mr. Camden. Mr. Camden informed Sir Robert that he wasn’t allowed to print many things in his *Elizabetha*, which he sent to his friend and correspondent Thuanus, who published everything faithfully in his *Annalls* without changing a word—quod N. B.

He lies buried in the South cross-aisle of Westminster Abbey, his effigies ½ on an altar, with this inscription:—
He is buried in the South cross-aisle of Westminster Abbey, his effigies half on an altar, with this inscription:—

Qui fide antiqua et opera assidua
Britannicam antiquitatem indagavit
Simplicitatem innatam
honestis studiis excoluit
Animi solertiam candore illustravit
Gulielmus Camdenius
ab Elizabetha regina ad regis armorum
(Clarentii titulo) dignitatem evocatus
Hic
Spe certa resurgendi in Christo
S.E.
Qui obiit anno Domini 1623, 9 Novembris,
Aetatis suae 74:
Qui fide antiqua et opera assidua
Britannicam antiquitatem indagavit
Simplicitatem innatam
honestis studiis excoluit
Animi solertiam candore illustravit
William Camden
called by Queen Elizabeth to the dignity of
(the title of Clarent) in the royal arms
Here
With the certain hope of rising in Christ
S.E.
Who died on November 9, 1623,
At the age of 74:

in his hand a booke, on the leaves wherof is writt BRITANNIA.
in his hand a book, on the pages of which is written BRITANNIA.

Mr. Camden much studied the Welsh language, and[Pg 146] kept a Welsh servant to improve him that language, for the better understanding of our antiquities.—From Mr. Samuel Butler.
Mr. Camden studied the Welsh language a lot and[Pg 146] kept a Welsh servant to help him improve in that language, so he could better understand our history.—From Mr. Samuel Butler.

[566]Sir William Dugdale tells me that he haz minutes of King James's life to a moneth and a day, written by Mr. William Camden; as also his owne life, according to yeares and daye, which is very briefe, but 2 sheetes, Mr. Camden's owne hand writing. Sir William Dugdale had it from Hacket [XXXVI.], bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, who did filch it from Mr. Camden as he lay a dyeing.
[566]Sir William Dugdale tells me that he has minutes of King James's life down to the month and day, written by Mr. William Camden; as well as his own life, according to years and days, which is very brief, just 2 sheets, in Mr. Camden's own handwriting. Sir William Dugdale got it from Hacket [XXXVI.], the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, who took it from Mr. Camden as he was dying.

[XXXVI.] ☞ Quaere Sir William Dugdale. Vide how bishop Hacket came by it.
[XXXVI.] ☞ Ask Sir William Dugdale. See how Bishop Hacket got it.

[567]Quaere Mr. Ashmole to retrive and looke out Mr. Camden's minutes (memorandums) of King James I from his entrance into England, which Dr. Thorndyke [XXXVII.] filched from him as he lay a dyeing. 'Tis not above 6 or 8 sheetes of paper, as I remember. Those memoires were continued within a fortnight of his death.
[567]Ask Mr. Ashmole to retrieve and check Mr. Camden's notes about King James I from the time he arrived in England, which Dr. Thorndyke [XXXVII.] took from him while he was dying. It's only about 6 or 8 sheets of paper, if I remember correctly. Those memories were updated within two weeks of his death.

[XXXVII.] He (Dr. Th.) told Sir Wiliam Dugdale so, who told me of it.
[XXXVII.] He (Dr. Th.) told Sir William Dugdale about it, who then told me.

[568]Quaere Dr. Buzby if Mr. Camden ever resigned the schoolmaster's place [569]? And if he did not dye at Westminster at the schoole house—vide bishop Hackett's life, which is printed before his sermons.
[568]Ask Dr. Buzby if Mr. Camden ever stepped down from the schoolmaster position [569]? And if he didn't die at Westminster in the schoolhouse—see Bishop Hackett's life, which is printed before his sermons.

[570]Memorandum:—Mr. Camden's nativity is in his Memoires of King James, which gett.
[570]Memorandum:—Mr. Camden was born in his Memoires of King James, which gett.

[571]William Camden: quaere Sir William Dugdale who haz his papers?
[571]William Camden: ask Sir William Dugdale who has his papers?

Anthony Wood's lettre sayth that some of them are in Sir Henry St. George's hands [572], 'written and tricked with Mr. Camden's owne hand': ergo quaere ibidem.
Anthony Wood's letter says that some of them are in Sir Henry St. George's hands [572], 'written and drawn by Mr. Camden's own hand': so we question here.

[573]When my grandfather [574] went to schoole at Yatton-Keynell (neer Easton-Piers) Mr. Camden came to see the [Pg 147]church, and particularly tooke notice of a little painted-glasse-windowe in the chancell, which (ever since my remembrance) haz been walled-up, to save the parson the chardge of glazing it.
[573]When my grandfather [574] went to school at Yatton-Keynell (near Easton-Piers), Mr. Camden came to see the [Pg 147]church, and he especially paid attention to a small stained-glass window in the chancel, which (for as long as I can remember) has been sealed up to save the pastor the cost of repairing it.

William Canynges (1399-1474).

[575]The antiquities of the city of Bristowe doe very well deserve some antiquarie's paines (and the like for Gloucester). Here were a great many religious houses. The collegiate church (priorie of Augustines) is very good building, especially the gate-house. The best built churches of any city in England, before these new ones at London since the conflagration. Severall monuments and inscriptions.
[575]The historical treasures of the city of Bristol really deserve the effort of an antiquarian (and so does Gloucester). There were many religious institutions here. The collegiate church (Augustinian priory) is a remarkable structure, especially the gatehouse. It has some of the best-built churches of any city in England, prior to the new ones in London after the fire. There are several monuments and inscriptions.

Ratliff church (which was intended [576] for a chapel) is an admirable piece of architecture of about Henry VII's time. It was built by alderman ... Canning, who had fifteen shippes of his owne (or 16). He gott his estate chiefly by carrying of pilgrims to St. Jago of Compostella. He had a fair house in Ratliff Street that lookes towards the water side, ancient Gothique building, a large house that, 1656, was converted to a glasse-house. See the annotations on Norton's Ordinall in Theatrum Chemicum, where 'tis sayd that Thomas Norton of Bristow got the secret of the philosopher's stone from alderman Canning's widow.
Ratliff church (which was intended [576] for a chapel) is an impressive piece of architecture from around the time of Henry VII. It was built by Alderman Canning, who owned fifteen or sixteen ships. He primarily made his fortune by transporting pilgrims to St. Jago of Compostella. He had a nice house on Ratliff Street that overlooked the water, an old Gothic building, a large house that was converted into a glasshouse in 1656. See the annotations on Norton’s Ordinall in Theatrum Chemicum, where it is said that Thomas Norton from Bristol learned the secret of the philosopher's stone from Alderman Canning's widow.

This alderman Canning did also build and well endow the religious house at Westbury or Henbury (vide Speede's mappe and chronicle); 'tis about two or three miles from Bristowe in the rode to Aust-passage.
This alderman Canning also built and properly funded the religious house at Westbury or Henbury (see Speede's map and chronicle); it's about two or three miles from Bristol on the way to Aust-passage.

In his old age he retired to this house and entred into that order. He built his owne monument at his church at Ratcliff where is an inscription, which gett [BR]; ☞ but he was not interred there but at Westbury.
In his old age, he retired to this house and joined that order. He built his own monument at his church in Ratcliff, which has an inscription, but he was not buried there; instead, he was laid to rest in Westbury.

Note.

[BR] See J. Britton's Historical and Architectural essay relating to Redcliffe Church, Bristol, with plans, views, account of its monuments, &c. 1813.
[BR] Check out J. Britton's historical and architectural essay on Redcliffe Church, Bristol, including plans, views, descriptions of its monuments, etc. 1813.

[Pg 148]
[Pg 148]

William Cartwright (1611-1643).

[577]William Cartwright, M.A., Aedis Christi, Oxon., natus juxta Teuxbury in com. Glocestriae, September, 1611; baptizatus [578] 26 Sept.
[577]William Cartwright, M.A., Aedis Christi, Oxon., born near Teuxbury in Gloucestershire, September, 1611; baptized [578] September 26.

[579]Glocestershire is famous for the birth of William Cartwright at a place called Northway neer Tewksbury. Were he alive now he would be sixty-one.
[579]Glocestershire is known for being the birthplace of William Cartwright in a place called Northway near Tewksbury. If he were alive today, he would be sixty-one.

He writt a treatise of metaphysique—quaere Dr. Barlowe, etc., de hoc: as also of his sermons, particularly the sermon that by the king's command he preached at his returne from Edge-hill fight.
He wrote a treatise on metaphysics—see Dr. Barlowe, etc., about this: as well as his sermons, especially the sermon he preached at the king's request upon his return from the Edge-hill battle.

'Tis not to be forgott that king Charles 1st dropt a teare at the newes of his death.
'Tis not to be forgotten that King Charles I dropped a tear at the news of his death.

William Cartwright was buried in the south aisle in Christ Church, Oxon. Pitty 'tis so famous a bard should lye without an inscription.
William Cartwright was buried in the south aisle of Christ Church, Oxon. It's a shame that such a famous poet lies here without an inscription.

[580]William Cartwright was borne at Northway neer Tewksbury, Gloucestershire—this I have from his brother, who lives not far from me [581], and from his sisters whom I called upon in Glocestershire at Leckhamton. His sister Howes was 57 yeares old the 10 March last: her brother William was 4 yeares older.
[580]William Cartwright was born at Northway near Tewksbury, Gloucestershire—this I heard from his brother, who lives nearby [581], and from his sisters whom I visited in Gloucestershire at Leckhamton. His sister Howes was 57 years old on March 10 of this year: her brother William was 4 years older.

His father was a gentleman of 300 li. per annum. He kept his inne at Cirencester, but a year or therabout, where he declined and lost by it too. He had by his wife 100 li. per annum, in Wiltshire, an impropriation, which his son has now (but having many children, lives not handsomely and haz lost his learning: he was by the second wife, whose estate this was). Old Mr. Cartwright lived sometime at Leckhampton, Gloc., wher his daughters now live.
His father was a gentleman earning 300 li. a year. He ran his inn in Cirencester, but after about a year, it started to decline and he lost money from it. He had an income of 100 li. a year in Wiltshire through his wife, which his son now has (but since he has many children, he doesn't live well and has lost his knowledge; this was from his second wife, whose estate this was). Old Mr. Cartwright lived for some time at Leckhampton, Gloc., where his daughters currently live.

[Pg 149]
[Pg 149]

Lucius Cary, viscount Falkland (1610-1643).

[582]Lucius Carey [BS], second lord Falkland, was the eldest son of Sir Henry Carey, Lord Lievetenant of Ireland, the first viscount Falkland.
[582]Lucius Carey [BS], the second Lord Falkland, was the oldest son of Sir Henry Carey, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and the first Viscount Falkland.

His mother was daughter and heir of Sir Tanfield, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, by whom he had Great Tue, in Oxfordshire (formerly the Rainesfords), and the Priory of Burford, in Oxfordshire, which he sold to Lenthall, the Speaker of the Long Parliament.
His mother was the daughter and heir of Sir Laurence Tanfield, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, by whom he had Great Tue in Oxfordshire (previously the Rainesfords), and the Priory of Burford, also in Oxfordshire, which he sold to William Lenthall, the Speaker of the Long Parliament.

He was borne ... (quaere); had his University education at the University of Dublin, in Ireland. He travelled, and had one Mr. ... (a very discreet gentleman) to be his governor [BT], whom he respected to his dyeing day.
He was born ... (see note); received his university education at the University of Dublin in Ireland. He traveled and had a certain Mr. ... (a very discreet gentleman) as his tutor [BT], whom he respected until his dying day.

He maried Letice, the daughter of Sir Morison, by whom he had two sonnes: the eldest lived to be a man, died sine prole; the second was father to this lord Falkland now living.
He married Letice, the daughter of Sir Morison, and they had two sons: the eldest grew up to be a man but died without children; the second was the father of the current Lord Falkland.

This lady Letice was a good and pious lady, as you may see by her life writt about 1649, or 50, by ... Duncomb, D.D. But I will tell you a pretty story from William Hawes, of Trin. Coll., who was well acquainted with the governor aforesaid, who told him that my lady was (after the manner of woemen) much governed by, and indulgent to, the nursery; when she had a mind to beg any thing of my lord for one of her woemen [583] (nurses, or &c.); she would not doe it by herselfe (if she could helpe it), but putt this gentleman upon it, to move it to my lord. My lord had but a small estate for his title; and the old gentleman would say, 'Madam, this is so unreasonable a motion to propose to my lord, that I am certaine he will never graunt it';—e.g. one time to lett a farme [584] twenty pound per annum under value. At length, when she could not prevaile on him, she would say that, 'I warrant you, for all this, I will obtaine it of [Pg 150]my lord; it will cost me but the expence of a few teares.' Now she would make her words good; and this great witt, the greatest master of reason and judgement of his time, at the long runne, being storm'd by her teares (I presume there were kisses and secret embraces that were also ingredients), would this pious lady obtain her unreasonable desires of her poor lord.
This lady Letice was a good and devout woman, as you can see from her life written about 1649 or 50 by ... Duncomb, D.D. But I want to share an interesting story from William Hawes of Trinity College, who was well acquainted with the governor mentioned earlier. He told him that my lady was, like many women, heavily influenced by and lenient towards her household staff; when she wanted to ask my lord for something for one of her women (nurses, etc.), she wouldn’t do it herself (if she could help it) but would have this gentleman bring it up with my lord instead. My lord had a modest estate for his title, and the old gentleman would say, "Madam, this request is so unreasonable to propose to my lord that I’m sure he won’t grant it"; for example, one time she wanted to let a farm for twenty pounds a year below its value. Eventually, when she couldn’t persuade him, she’d say, "I bet you that I’ll get it from my lord; it will only cost me a few tears." Now she would make good on that promise; and this great intellect, the greatest master of reason and judgment of his time, ultimately being worn down by her tears (I suspect there were kisses and secret embraces involved as well), would allow this devout lady to get her unreasonable requests from her poor lord.

These words, I swear, with a false tear, She barely managed to squeeze out a terrible expression by rubbing her eyes, Resting.

Terent. Eunuch. Act 1, Scene 1.

Terence. Eunuch. Act 1, Scene 1.

N.B.:—my lord in his youth was very wild, and also mischievous, as being apt to stabbe and doe bloudy mischiefs; but 'twas not long before he tooke-up to be serious, and then grew to be an extraordinary hard student. I have heard Dr. Ralph Bathurst [XXXVIII.] say that, when he was a boy, my lord lived at Coventrey (where he had then a house), and that he would sett up very late at nights at his study, and many times came to the library at the schoole [XXXIX.] there.
N.B.:—My lord was quite wild and mischievous in his youth, often getting into trouble and causing bloody chaos. However, it didn't take long for him to become serious, and he then became an exceptionally diligent student. I’ve heard Dr. Ralph Bathurst [XXXVIII.] say that when he was a boy, my lord lived in Coventry (where he had a house at the time) and would stay up very late studying, often going to the library at the school [XXXIX.] there.

[XXXVIII.] A mayd that lived with my lord lived with his father [BU].
[XXXVIII.] A girl who lived with my lord lived with his father [BU].

[XXXIX.] There is Euclid's Harmoniques written with Philemon Holland's owne hand, in a curious Greeke character; he was schoolmaster here.
[XXXIX.] There is Euclid's Harmonics written in Philemon Holland's own hand, in a beautiful Greek script; he was the schoolmaster here.

The studies in fashion in those dayes (in England) were poetry, and controversie with the church of Rome. My lord's mother was a zealous papist, who being very earnest to have her son of her religion, and her son upon that occasion, labouring hard to find the [585]trueth, was so far at last from setling on the Romish church, that he setled and rested in the Polish (I meane Socinianisme). He was the first Socinian in England; and Dr. Crescy, of Merton Coll. (dean of in Ireland, afterwards a Benedictin monke), a great acquaintance of my lord's in those dayes (anno ...), told me, at Samuel Cowper's (1669), that he himselfe was the first that brought Socinus's bookes (anno ...); shortly after, my lord comeing to him, and casting his eie on them, would needs presently borrow[Pg 151] them, to peruse; and was so extremely taken and satisfied with them, that from that time was his conversion.
The studies in fashion back then (in England) were poetry and debates with the Church of Rome. My lord's mother was a devoted Catholic, who was very passionate about having her son follow her religion. However, in his quest for the truth, he eventually did not settle on the Catholic Church. Instead, he settled and found comfort in the Polish (I mean Socinianism). He was the first Socinian in England, and Dr. Hugh Crescy, from Merton College (who later became a Benedictine monk and was the dean of Leighlin in Ireland), a close acquaintance of my lord at that time (year ...), told me at Samuel Cowper's (1669) that he was the first to bring Socinus's books (year ...). Soon after, my lord came to him, glanced at the books, and insisted on borrowing them to read. He was so deeply impressed and satisfied with them that it marked the beginning of his conversion.

My lord much lived at Tue, which is a pleasant seat, and about 12 miles from Oxford; his lordship was acquainted with the best witts of that University, and his house was like a Colledge, full of learned men [586]. Mr. William Chillingworth, of Trinity College in Oxford (afterwards D.D.), was his most intimate and beloved favourite, and was most commonly with my lord; next I may reckon (if not equall) Mr. John Earles, of Merton College (who wrote the Characters); Dr. Eglionby, of Ch. Ch., was also much in esteem with his lordship. His chaplaine, Charles Gataker, (filius Gataker of Redriff, a writer), was an ingeniose young gentleman, but no writer [587]. For learned gentlemen of the country, his acquaintance was Sir H. Rainesford, of ... neer Stratford-upon-Avon, now ... (quaere Tom Mariet); Sir Francis Wenman [588], of Caswell, in Witney parish; Mr. ... Sandys, the traveller and translator (who was uncle to my lady Wenman); Ben. Johnson (vide Johnsonus Virbius, where he haz verses, and 'twas his lordship, Charles Gattaker told me, that gave the name to it); Edmund Waller, esq.; Mr. Thomas Hobbes, and all the excellent [589] of that peaceable time.
My lord lived a lot at Tue, which is a nice place about 12 miles from Oxford. He was friends with the brightest minds of that university, and his house was like a college, filled with learned men [586]. Mr. William Chillingworth from Trinity College in Oxford (who later became a D.D.) was his closest and most beloved companion and often spent time with my lord. Next, I would mention Mr. John Earles from Merton College (who wrote the Characters); Dr. George Eglionby from Christ Church was also held in high regard by his lordship. His chaplain, Charles Gataker (son of Thomas Gataker from Redriff, a writer), was a talented young man, though he wasn't a writer [587]. Among educated gentlemen in the area, he knew Sir H. Rainesford near Stratford-upon-Avon, now ... (ask about Tom Mariet); Sir Francis Wenman [588] from Caswell in Witney parish; Mr. ... Sandys, the traveler and translator (who was the uncle of my lady Wenman); Ben Jonson (see Johnsonus Virbius, where he has verses, and it was his lordship, as Charles Gataker told me, who gave it the name); Edmund Waller, Esq.; Mr. Thomas Hobbes, and all the excellent [589] men of that peaceful time.

In the civill warres he adhered to King Charles I, who after Edge-hill fight made him Principall Secretary of Estate (with Sir Edward Nicholas), which he dischardged with a great deale of witt and prudence, only his advice was very unlucky to his Majestie, in perswading him (after the victory [590] at Rowndway-downe, and the taking of Bristowe), to sitt-downe before Glocester, which was so bravely defended by that incomparably vigilant governor coll.... Massey, and the diligent and careful soldiers, and citizens (men and woemen), that it so broke and [Pg 152]weakned the king's army, that 'twas the procatractique cause of his ruine: vide Mr. Hobbes. After this, all the King's matters went worse and worse. Anno domini 164<3> at the ... fight (quaere which) at Newbery, my lord Falkland being there, and having nothing to doe to chardge; as the 2 armies were engageing, rode in like a mad-man (as he was) between them, and was (as he needs must be) shott. Some that [591] were your superfine discoursing politicians and fine gentlemen, would needs have the reason of this mad action of throwing away his life so, to be his discontent for the unfortunate advice given to his master as aforesaid; but, I have been well enformed, by those that best knew him, and [592] knew the intrigues behind the curtaine (as they say), that it was the griefe of the death of Mris ... Moray, a handsome lady at court, who was his mistresse, and whom he loved above all creatures, was the true cause of his being so madly guilty of his own death, as afore mentioned: (nullum magnum ingenium sine mixtura dementiae).
In the civil wars, he supported King Charles I, who, after the battle of Edge Hill, appointed him Principal Secretary of State (along with Sir Edward Nicholas). He fulfilled this role with a lot of intelligence and caution, but his advice ultimately proved unfortunate for the King. He convinced him, after the victory at Roundway Down and the capture of Bristol, to lay siege to Gloucester, which was bravely defended by the incredibly watchful governor Colonel Massey, along with the dedicated soldiers and citizens (both men and women). This decision significantly weakened the King's army and was a major factor in his downfall: see Mr. Hobbes. After this, the King's fortunes declined steadily. In the year 1643, during the battle (the specific one is unclear) at Newbury, my lord Falkland was present and, having no charge to give, rode in like a madman (as he was) between the two armies as they clashed, and as was inevitable, he was shot. Some of the polished and eloquent politicians insisted on finding a reason for this reckless act of sacrificing his life, attributing it to his dissatisfaction with the unfortunate advice he had given to the King. However, I have been well informed by those who knew him best and were aware of the intrigues behind the scenes that the real reason for his seemingly irrational behavior leading to his death was the grief over the passing of Mrs. Moray, a beautiful lady at court who was his mistress and whom he loved above all else. This was the true cause of his tragic downfall: (no great mind is without a touch of madness).

The next day, when they went to bury the dead, they could not find his lordship's body, it was stript, trod-upon, and mangled; so there was one that had wayted on him in his chamber would undertake to know it from all other bodyes, by a certaine mole his lordship had in his neck, and by that marke did find it. He lies interred in the ... at Great Tue aforesaid, but, I thinke, yet without any monument; quaere if any inscription.
The next day, when they went to bury the dead, they couldn’t find his lordship’s body; it was stripped, trampled, and mangled. Someone who had waited on him in his chamber offered to identify him among all the other bodies by a specific mole his lordship had on his neck, and with that mark, they found him. He lies buried in the ... at Great Tue mentioned earlier, but I think he still doesn’t have any monument; we should check if there’s any inscription.

In the dining roome there is a picture of his at length, and like him ('twas donne by Jacob de Valke, who taught me to paint). He was but a little man, and of no great strength of body; he had blackish haire, something flaggy, and I thinke his eies black. Dr. Earles would not allow him to be a good poet, though a great witt; he writt not a smoth verse, but a greate deal of sense. He hath writt....
In the dining room, there's a portrait of him that I painted at length, inspired by Jacob de Valke, who taught me how to paint. He was a small man, not very strong; he had dark, somewhat limp hair, and I believe his eyes were black. Dr. Earles would not consider him a good poet, although he was very witty; he didn't write smooth verses, but he had a lot of insight. He has written...

[Pg 153]
[Pg 153]

He had an estate in Hertfordshire, at ..., which came by Morrison (as I take it); sold not long before the late civill warres.
He had a property in Hertfordshire, at ..., which he inherited from Morrison (if I'm not mistaken); it was sold not long before the recent civil wars.

Notes.

[BS] Aubrey gives in trick the coat 'argent, on a bend sable, 3 roses of the field [Cary],' surmounted with a viscount's coronet and wreathed with laurel for a poet.
[BS] Aubrey grants, in trick, the coat 'silver, with a black diagonal stripe, 3 roses of the field [Cary],' topped with a viscount's coronet and adorned with laurel for a poet.

[BT] A pencil note in the margin says: 'quaere Baron Berty'; perhaps Vere Bertie, Puisne Baron of the Exchequer, 1675. The query would be for the name of the tutor on the foreign tour.
[BT] A pencil note in the margin says: 'check Baron Berty'; maybe Vere Bertie, Puisne Baron of the Exchequer, 1675. The question would be about the name of the tutor on the trip abroad.

[BU] i.e. a maid, formerly in Lucius, lord Falkland's service, came into service with Dr. Bathurst's father, and told of his lordship's late studies.
[BU] a maid who previously worked for Lord Falkland, Lucius, started working for Dr. Bathurst's father and shared information about his lordship's recent studies.

Sir Charles Cavendish (16..-1652?).

[593](From Mr. John Collins, mathematician:—) Sir Charles Cavendish [BV] was borne at ..., the younger brother to William, duke of Newcastle. He was a little, weake, crooked man, and nature having not adapted him for the court nor campe, he betooke himselfe to the study of the mathematiques, wherin he became a great master. His father left him a good estate, the revenue wherof he expended on bookes and on learned men.
[593](From Mr. John Collins, mathematician:—) Sir Charles Cavendish [BV] was born at ..., the younger brother of William, Duke of Newcastle. He was a small, weak, crooked man, and since nature had not suited him for the court or the camp, he turned to studying mathematics, where he became a great master. His father left him a good estate, the income from which he spent on books and learned individuals.

He had collected in Italie, France, &c., with no small chardge, as many manuscript mathematicall bookes as filled a hoggeshead, which he intended to have printed; which if he had live to have donne, the growth of mathematicall learning had been 30 yeares or more forwarder then 'tis. But he died of the scurvey, contracted by hard study, about 1652 (quaere), and left one Mr. ..., an attorney of Clifford's Inne, his executor, who shortly after died, and left his wife executrix, who sold this incomparable collection aforesaid by weight to the past-board makers for wast paper. ☞ A good caution for those that have good MSS. to take care to see them printed in their life-times.
He had gathered numerous mathematical manuscripts in Italy, France, etc., at no small expense, enough to fill a hogshead, which he planned to have printed. If he had lived to accomplish this, the advancement of mathematical knowledge would be at least 30 years further along than it is now. However, he died of scurvy, brought on by intense study, around 1652 (unsure), and left a man named Mr. ..., an attorney from Clifford's Inn, as his executor. Shortly after, he died as well, leaving his wife as executrix, who sold this incredible collection for scrap paper to the past-board makers. ☞ A good warning for those who possess valuable manuscripts to ensure they get printed during their lifetimes.

He dyed ... and was buried in the vault of the family of the duke of Newcastle, at Bolsover, in the countie of .
He dyed ... and was buried in the family vault of the Duke of Newcastle, at Bolsover, in the county of .

[Pg 154]
[Pg 154]

He is mentioned by Mersennus. Dr. John Pell (who knew him, and made him one of his XII jurymen contra Longomontanum) tells me that he writt severall things in mathematiques for his owne pleasure.
He is mentioned by Mersenne. Dr. John Pell (who knew him and made him one of his XII jurymen against Longomontanus) tells me that he wrote several things in mathematics for his own enjoyment.

Note.

[BV] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'sable, 3 bucks' heads caboshed argent [Cavendish]; quartering, argent, a fess between 3 crescents gules [Ogle], a crescent on the fess point for difference,' with the motto Cavendo tutus.
[BV] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'sable, 3 bucks' heads caboshed argent [Cavendish]; quartering, argent, a fess between 3 crescents gules [Ogle], a crescent on the fess point for difference,' with the motto Cavendo tutus.

Charles Cavendish, Colonel, (1620-1643).

[594]Charles Cavendish, colonel, was second son to the right honourable earle of Devonshire, brother to this present earle, William.
[594]Charles Cavendish, colonel, was the second son of the right honorable Earl of Devonshire, and brother to the current Earl, William.

He was borne at ... anno.... He was well educated, and then travelled into France, Italie, &c.; but was so extremely delighted in travelling, that he went into Greece, all over; and that would not serve his turne but he would goe to Babylon, and then his governour would not adventure to goe any further with him; but to see Babylon he was to march in the Turks' armie. This account I had many yeares since, scilicet 1642, from my cosen Edmund Lyte, who was then gentleman usher to his mother the countesse dowager.
He was born in... year.... He was well-educated and then traveled to France, Italy, etc.; but he was so enamored with traveling that he went all over Greece. That wasn't enough for him, so he wanted to go to Babylon, but his governor didn’t dare go any further with him. To see Babylon, he had to march in the Turkish army. I got this account many years ago, specifically in 1642, from my cousin Edmund Lyte, who was then a gentleman usher to his mother, the dowager countess.

Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that this Mr. Cavendish told him that the Greekes doe sing their Greeke.—In Herefordshire they have a touch of this singing; our old divines had. Our old vicar of Kington St. Michael, Mr. Hynd, did sing his sermons rather then reade them. You may find in Erasmus that the monkes used this fashion, who mocks them, that sometimes they would be very lowe, and by and by they would be mighty high, quando nihil opus est.—Anno 1660 comeing one morning to Mr. Hobbes, his Greeke Xenophon lay open on the board: sayd he, 'Had you come but a little sooner you had found a Greeke here that came to see me, who understands the old Greeke; I spake to him to read here in this booke, and he sang[Pg 155] it; which putt me in mind of what Mr. Charles Cavendish told me' (as before); 'the first word is Ἔννοια, he pronounced it e̓́nnia.' The better way to explaine it is by prick-song,
Mr. Thomas Hobbes mentioned to me that Mr. Cavendish told him the Greeks sing in Greek. In Herefordshire, they have a bit of this style of singing; our old preachers used to do it too. Our former vicar of Kington St. Michael, Mr. Hynd, sang his sermons rather than read them. You can find in Erasmus that the monks used to do this, and he mocks them, explaining that sometimes they would be very low, and then suddenly very high, quando nihil opus est. In the year 1660, one morning when I visited Mr. Hobbes, his Greek Xenophon was open on the table. He said, "If you had come just a little earlier, you would have met a Greek here who understands ancient Greek; I asked him to read from this book, and he sang it, which reminded me of what Mr. Charles Cavendish told me earlier. The first word is Ἔννοια; he pronounced it e̓́nnia." The better way to explain it is through prick-song,

Μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος · ἄνθρωπος.
Μῆνιν ἄειδε θεὰ Πηληϊάδεω Ἀχιλῆος · ἄνθρωπος.

[595]Upon his returne into England the civill warres brake-out, and he tooke a comission of a colonel in his majestie's cause, wherin he did his majestie great service, and gave signall proofes of his valour;—e.g. out of Mercurii Aulici—
[595]When he returned to England, the civil wars broke out, and he took a commission as a colonel in his Majesty's cause, where he served his Majesty well and demonstrated remarkable bravery;—for example, from Mercurii Aulici—

Grantham, in Lincolnshire, taken by col. Cavendish for the king, 23 March, 1642/3, and after demolished.—Young Hotham routed at Ancaster by col. Cavendish, 11 Apr. 1643.—Parliament forces routed or defeated at Dunnington by col. Cavendish, 13 June, 1643.
Grantham, in Lincolnshire, captured by Colonel Cavendish for the king on March 23, 1642/3, and then destroyed. Young Hotham was defeated at Ancaster by Colonel Cavendish on April 11, 1643. Parliamentary forces were defeated at Dunnington by Colonel Cavendish on June 13, 1643.

Mercurius Aulicus, Tuesday, Aug. 1, 1643; 'It was advertised from Newarke that his majestie's forces having planted themselves at the siege of Gainsborough in com. Linc., were sett upon by the united powers of Cromwell, Nottingham, and Lincolne, the garrisons of these townes being almost totally drawn-out to make-up this army, which consisted of 24 troupes of horse and dragoons. Against this force, col. Cavendish having the command of 30 troupes of horse and dragoons, drawes out 16 only, and leaving all the rest for a reserve, advanced towards them, and engaged himselfe with this small partie against all their strength. Which being observed by the rebells, they gott between him and his reserve, routed his 16 troupes, being forespent with often watches, killed lievetenant-colonel Markam, most valiantly fighting in defence of his king and countrey. The most noble and gallant colonel himselfe, whilest he omitted no part of a brave commander, being cutt most dangerously in the head, was struck-off his horse, and so unfortunately shott with a brace of bullets after he was on the ground, whose life was most pretious to all noble and valiant gentlemen. Wherupon the reserve coming, routed and cutt downe the partie.'
Mercurius Aulicus, Tuesday, Aug. 1, 1643; 'It was reported from Newark that His Majesty's forces, having established themselves at the siege of Gainsborough in Lincolnshire, were attacked by the united forces of Cromwell, Nottingham, and Lincoln, as the garrisons of these towns had almost completely withdrawn to form this army, which consisted of 24 troops of cavalry and dragoons. Against this force, Colonel Cavendish, commanding 30 troops of cavalry and dragoons, deployed only 16 and kept the rest in reserve, moving towards them and engaging with this small group against all their strength. Observing this, the rebels positioned themselves between him and his reserve, routed his 16 troops, who were exhausted from constant vigilance, and killed Lieutenant Colonel Markham, who fought valiantly in defense of his king and country. The noble and gallant Colonel himself, while displaying all the qualities of a brave commander, was severely wounded in the head, was knocked off his horse, and unfortunately shot with two bullets after he had fallen to the ground, a life most precious to all noble and valiant gentlemen. Upon which the reserve came, routed, and cut down the opposing forces.'

This was donne either the 28 or 29 of July, 1643, for upon this terrible rout, the lord Willoughby of Parham[Pg 156] forthwith yealded Gainsborough to the king's partie, July 30; the earle of Newcastle being then generall of that partie.
This was done either on the 28th or 29th of July, 1643, because after this terrible defeat, Lord Willoughby of Parham[Pg 156] immediately surrendered Gainsborough to the king's side on July 30, with the Earl of Newcastle being the general of that side.

His body was first buried at ...,[XL.] but by order of his mother's will, when she was buried at Darby (where she has erected a noble monument for herselfe and lord) she ordered her sonne's body to be removed, and both to be layd in the vault there together, which was Feb. 18, 1674.
His body was initially buried at ...,[XL.] but according to his mother's will, when she was buried in Darby (where she built a grand monument for herself and her husband), she instructed for her son's body to be moved so that they could both be laid to rest together in the vault there, which happened on February 18, 1674.

[XL.] Quaere if at Gainsborough or Newark? as I remember 'twas Newarke.
[XL.] Ask if it was at Gainsborough or Newark? As I recall, it was Newarke.

Funerall Sermon, by William Naylour, her chaplain, preached at Darby, Feb. 18, 1674. Lond. for Henry Broome. Texte, 2 Sam. iii. 38th verse.—page 16:
Funeral Sermon, by William Naylour, her chaplain, preached at Derby, Feb. 18, 1674. London for Henry Broome. Text, 2 Sam. 3:38.—page 16:

'He was the souldiers' mignion, and his majestie's darling, designed by him generall of the northern horse (and his commission was given him), a great marke of honour for one of about five and twenty: "thus shall it be donne to the man whom the king delights to honour."
'He was the soldiers' favorite and the king's darling, appointed by him as general of the northern cavalry (and he received his commission), a significant mark of honor for someone around twenty-five: "this is how it will be done for the man whom the king wants to honor."

'Col. Cavendish was a princely person, and all his actions were agreable to that character: he had in an eminent degree that which the Greekes call εἶδος ἄξιον τυραννίδος, the semblance and appearance of a man made to governe. Methinkes he gave cleare this indication, the king's cause lived with him, the king's cause died with him—when Cromwell heard that he was slaine, he cried upon it We have donne our businesse.
Col. Cavendish was an impressive figure, and everything he did reflected that. He had, to a remarkable extent, what the Greeks refer to as εἶδος ἄξιον τυραννίδος, the demeanor and presence of a person born to lead. It seemed clear to me that he embodied this idea; the king's cause thrived with him and perished with him—when Cromwell learned of his death, he exclaimed, We have done our business.

'And yet two things (I must confess) this commander knew not, pardon his ignorance,—he knew not to flie away—he knew not how to aske quarter—though an older did, I meane ... Henderson; for when this bold person entred Grantham on the one side, that wary gentleman, who should have attaqued it, fled away on the other. If Cato thought it usurpation in Caesar to give him his life, Cavendish thought it a greater for traytors and rebells of a common size to give him his. This brave hero might be opprest, (as he was at last by numbers) but he could not be conquered; the dying words of Epaminondas will fitt him, Satis vixi, invictus etiam morior.
'And yet there are two things (I must admit) this commander did not know, so please forgive his ignorance—he didn’t know how to run away—he didn’t know how to ask for mercy—although an older soldier did, I mean ... Henderson; for when this bold man entered Grantham from one side, that cautious gentleman, who should have attacked it, fled away on the other. If Cato felt it was an abuse of power for Caesar to spare his life, Cavendish believed it was even worse for traitors and rebels of all kinds to grant him his. This brave hero might have been overwhelmed (as he ultimately was by sheer numbers), but he could not be defeated; the dying words of Epaminondas will suit him, Satis vixi, invictus etiam morior.

[596]'What wonders might have been expected from a commander so vigilant, so loyall, so constant, had he not dropt downe in his blooming age? But though he fell in his green yeares, he [597] fell a prince, and a great one too, in this respect greater then Abner; for [Pg 157]Abner, that son of Mars, deserved his father's epithite, ἀλλοπρόσαλλος, one of both sides, first he setts-up Isbosheth, and then deserts him. Whereas Cavendish merited such a statue as the Roman senate decreed L. Vitellius, and the same inscription, Pietatis immobilis erga Principem, one whose loyaltie to his great master nothing could shake.
[596]'What incredible achievements might we have seen from a leader so alert, so loyal, so steadfast, had he not fallen during his prime? Although he died young, he [597] died as a prince, and a great one at that, greater in this regard than Abner; for [Pg 157]Abner, the son of Mars, earned his father’s title, ἀλλοπρόσαλλος, one of both sides, first supporting Isbosheth, then abandoning him. In contrast, Cavendish deserved a tribute like the Roman Senate granted to L. Vitellius, with the same inscription, Pietatis immobilis erga Principem, one whose loyalty to his great master was unshakeable.

'Secondly, consider the noble Charles Cavendish in his extraction, and so he is a branch of that family, of which some descended that are kings of Scotland: this the word Fuimus joyned to his maternall [XLI.] coate does plainly point at—not to urge at this time his descent by the father's side from one of the noblest families in England. An high extraction to some persons is like the dropsie, the greatnesse of the man is his disease, and renders him unweildie; but here is a person of great extract free from the swelling of greatness, as brisk and active as the lightest horseman that fought under him. In some parts of India, they tell us, that a nobleman accounts himselfe polluted if a plebeian touch him; but here is a person of that rank who used the same familiaritie [XLII.] and frankness amongst the meanest of his souldiers, the poorest miner, and amongst his equalls; and by stooping so low, he rose the higher in the common account, and was valued accordingly as a prince [598], and a great one; thus Abner and Cavendish run parallell in their titles and appellations.
'Secondly, consider the noble Charles Cavendish and his lineage; he is part of a family whose members include kings of Scotland. This is evident from the word Fuimus associated with his maternal [XLI.] coat of arms, not to mention his father's side, which descends from one of the most elite families in England. For some, a high lineage is like an affliction; their prominence becomes a burden, making them awkward and unwieldy. However, here is someone from a distinguished background, free from the burden of greatness, as lively and agile as the lightest horseman who fought alongside him. In some parts of India, nobles consider themselves tainted if a common person touches them, but this individual of high rank interacted casually and openly with even the humblest of his soldiers, including the poorest miner, as well as with his peers. By lowering himself to others, he elevated his status in the eyes of the people, being valued as a prince [598] and a great one; thus, Abner and Cavendish are similar in their titles and reputations.'

[XLI.] His mother was daughter to the lord Bruce, whose ancestors had been kings of Scotland.
[XLI.] His mother was the daughter of Lord Bruce, whose family had been kings of Scotland.

[XLII.] Sir Robert Harley (son), an ingeniose gent. and expert soldier, haz often sayd, that (generally) the commanders of the king's army would never be acquainted with their soldiers, which was an extraordinary prejudice to the kings cause. A captaine's good look, or good word (some times), does infinitely winne them, and oblige them; and he would say 'twas to admiration how souldiers will venture their lives for an obligeing officer.—quod N. B.
[XLII.] Sir Robert Harley (son), a clever guy and skilled soldier, often said that, in general, the commanders of the king's army would never really know their soldiers, which was a huge disadvantage to the king's cause. A captain's friendly demeanor or kind words can really earn their loyalty and respect. He would remark how amazing it is that soldiers are willing to risk their lives for a considerate officer.—quod N. B.

'Consider Abner in the manner of his fall, that was by a treacherous hand, and so fell Cavendish. II Sam. iii. 27, "and when Abner was returned to Hebron, Joab tooke him aside in the gate to speake with him quietly, and smote him there under the fifth rib, that he died, for the bloud of Asahel [599] his brother." Thus fell Abner; and thus Cavendish,—the colonell's horse being mired in a bog at the fight before Gainsborough, 1643, the rebels surround him, and take him prisoner; and after he was so, a base raskall comes behind him, and runs him through. Thus fell two great men by treacherous handes.
'Consider Abner in the way he fell, which was by a treacherous hand, and the same goes for Cavendish. II Sam. iii. 27, "and when Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside at the gate to speak with him quietly, and struck him under the fifth rib, killing him, for the blood of Asahel [599] his brother." This is how Abner fell; and this is how Cavendish did as well—while the colonel's horse got stuck in a bog during the battle before Gainsborough in 1643, the rebels surrounded him and captured him. After he was taken prisoner, a lowly scoundrel came up from behind and stabbed him. Thus, two great men met their end by treacherous hands.'

'Thirdly and lastly, the place of his fall, that was in Israel.... Here Abner fell in his, and Cavendish fell in our Israel—the Church of England.... In this Church brave Cavendish fell, and what is more then that, in this Churches quarrel....
'Thirdly and lastly, the place of his fall was in Israel.... Here Abner fell in his, and Cavendish fell in our Israel—the Church of England.... In this Church brave Cavendish fell, and what's more, in this Church's quarrel....

'Thus I have compared colonel Cavendish with Abner, a fighting and a famous man in Israel; you see how he does equal, how he does exceed him.'
'So I have compared Colonel Cavendish with Abner, a warrior and a well-known man in Israel; you can see how he matches him and even surpasses him.'

[Pg 158]
[Pg 158]

John Cecil, 4th earl of Exeter (1628-1678).

[600]... Cecil, earl of Exeter (quaere my lord chief baron Montagu [601] de nomine Christiano [602]), earle of Exeter, translated monsieur Balsac's letters, as appeares by his epistle to my lord in the first volumne, lib. V, lettre V, and Vol. 2^d, lib. V, lettre VI—'et je suis sans doute beaucoup plus honneste homme en Angleterre qu'en France, puisque j'y parle par vostre bouche.'
[600]... Cecil, Earl of Exeter (question my lord chief baron Montagu [601] by the name of Christiano [602]), Earl of Exeter, translated Monsieur Balsac's letters, as seen in his letter to my lord in the first volume, book V, letter V, and Vol. 2^d, book V, letter VI—'and I am undoubtedly a much more honorable man in England than in France, since I speak through your mouth.'

William Cecil, lord Burghley (1520-1598).

[603]Cecil, lord Burleigh:—Memorandum, the true name is Sitsilt, and is an ancient Monmouthshire family, but now come to be about the size [604] of yeomanry. In the church at Monmouth, I remember in a south windowe an ancient scutcheon of the family, the same that this family beares. 'Tis strange that they should be so vaine to leave off an old British name for a Romancy one, which I beleeve Mr. Verstegan did putt into their heads, telling his lordship, in his booke, that they were derived from the ancient Roman Cecilii.
[603]Cecil, Lord Burleigh:—Note that the correct name is Sitsilt, which is an ancient family from Monmouthshire, but has now become about the size of a yeoman family. In the church at Monmouth, I recall seeing an old coat of arms in a south window that belongs to this family. It's odd that they would be so vain as to abandon an old British name for a romantic one, which I believe Mr. Verstegan suggested to them, claiming in his book that they were descended from the ancient Roman Cecilii.

The first lord Burley (who was Secretary of Estate) was at first but country-schoole-master, and (I thinke Dr. Thomas Fuller sayes, vide Holy State) borne in Wales.
The first Lord Burley (who was Secretary of State) initially started as a country schoolmaster, and (I believe Dr. Thomas Fuller says this, see Holy State) he was born in Wales.

I remember (when I was a schooleboy at Blandford) Mr. Basket, a reverend divine, who was wont to beg us play-dayes, would alwayes be [605] uncovered, and sayd that ''twas the lord Burleigh's custome, for (said he) here is my Lord Chanceller, my Lord Treasurer, my Lord Chief Justice, &c., predestinated.'
I remember when I was a schoolboy at Blandford, Mr. Basket, a reverend minister, who would always ask us to play on the designated days, would always be uncovered and said that it was Lord Burleigh's custom, for he said, "Here is my Lord Chancellor, my Lord Treasurer, my Lord Chief Justice, etc., predestined."

'He made Cicero's Epistles his glasse, his rule, his oracle, and ordinarie pocket-booke' (Dr. J. Web in preface of his translation of Cicero's Familiar Epistles).
'He made Cicero's Letters his guide, his standard, his source of wisdom, and his everyday pocketbook' (Dr. J. Web in the preface of his translation of Cicero's Familiar Epistles).

[Pg 159]
[Pg 159]

Thomas Chaloner (1595-1661).

[606]Thomas Chaloner [BW], esq., [bred [607] up in Oxon], was the son of Dr Chaloner, who was tutor (i.e. informator[608]) to prince Henry (or prince Charles—vide bishop Hall's Letters de hoc).
[606]Thomas Chaloner [BW], Esq., [raised [607] in Oxford], was the son of Dr Chaloner, who was a tutor (i.e. informator[608]) to Prince Henry (or Prince Charles—see bishop Hall's Letters on this topic).

He was a well-bred gentleman, and of very good naturall parts, and of an agreable humour. He had the accomplishments of studies at home, and travells in France, Italie, and Germanie.
He was a refined gentleman, with a great natural disposition and a pleasant personality. He had the benefits of education at home and experiences from traveling in France, Italy, and Germany.

About anno ... (quaere John Collins) riding a hunting in Yorkeshire (where the allum workes now are), on a common, he [BX] tooke notice of the soyle and herbage, and tasted the water, and found it to be like that where he had seen the allum workes in Germanie. Wherupon he gott a patent of the king (Charles I) for an allum worke (which was the first that ever was in England), which was worth to him two thousand pounds per annum, or better: but tempore Caroli I^mi some courtiers did thinke the profitt too much for him, and prevailed so with the king, that, notwithstanding the patent aforesayd, he graunted a moeitie, or more, to another (a courtier), which was the reason that made Mr. Chaloner so interest himselfe for the Parliament-cause, and, in revenge, to be one of the king's judges.
About the year ... (see John Collins) riding a hunt in Yorkshire (where the alum works are now), he noticed the soil and vegetation, tasted the water, and found it similar to what he had seen at the alum works in Germany. As a result, he obtained a patent from the king (Charles I) for an alum works (which was the first ever in England), which was worth two thousand pounds a year or more to him. However, during the time of Charles I, some courtiers thought the profit was too much for him and convinced the king, so that despite the patent, he granted half, or more, to another (a courtier). This is what led Mr. Chaloner to involve himself in the Parliament cause and, out of revenge, to become one of the king's judges.

He was as far from a puritan as the East from the West. He was of the naturall religion, and of Henry Martyn's gang, and one who loved to enjoy the pleasures of this life. He was (they say) a good scholar, but he wrote nothing that I heare of, onely an anonymous pamphlett, 8vo, scil. An account of the Discovery of Moyses's Tombe; which was written very wittily. It was about 1652. It did sett the witts of all the Rabbis of the [Pg 160]Assembly then to worke, and 'twas a pretty while before the shamme was detected, which was by ——.
He was as far from a puritan as the East is from the West. He followed natural religion and ran with Henry Martyn's group, loving to enjoy the pleasures of life. They say he was a good scholar, but he didn’t write much that I know of, only an anonymous pamphlet, 8vo, namely An account of the Discovery of Moyses's Tombe; which was written very cleverly. It was around 1652. It got all the Rabbis of the [Pg 160]Assembly thinking, and it took a while before the trick was discovered, which was by ——.

He had a trick sometimes to goe into Westminster hall in a morning in Terme time, and tell some strange story [609] (sham), and would come thither again about 11 or 12 to have the pleasure to heare how it spred; and sometimes it would be altered, with additions, he could scarce knowe it to be his owne. He was neither proud nor covetous, nor a hypocrite: not apt to doe injustice, but apt to revenge.
He had a trick of going into Westminster Hall on a morning during term time and telling some strange story [609]. He would return around 11 or 12 to enjoy hearing how it spread, and sometimes it would be changed, with additions, to the point where he could barely recognize it as his own. He was neither proud nor greedy, nor a hypocrite: not likely to commit injustice, but quick to seek revenge.

After the restauration of King Charles the Second, he [BY] kept the castle at the Isle of Man [XLIII.], where he had a prettie wench that was his concubine;[610] where when newes was brought him that there were some come to the castle to demaund it for his majestie, he spake to his girle to make him a posset, into which he putt, out of a paper he had, some poyson, which did, in a very short time, make him fall a vomiting exceedingly; and after some time vomited nothing but bloud. His retchings were so violent that the standers by were much grieved to behold it. Within three howres he dyed. The demandants of the castle came and sawe him dead; he was swoln so extremely that they could not see any eie he had, and no more of his nose then the tip of it, which shewed like a wart, and his coddes were swoln as big as one's head. This account I had from George Estcourt, D.D., whose brother-in-lawe, ... Hotham, was one of those that sawe him.
After the restoration of King Charles II, he [BY] kept the castle on the Isle of Man [XLIII.], where he had a pretty girl who was his mistress;[610] and when he got news that some people had come to the castle to demand it for his majesty, he told his girl to make him a posset. He secretly added some poison from a paper he had, which quickly made him start vomiting severely; after a while, he was throwing up nothing but blood. His retching was so intense that it upset the onlookers. He died within three hours. The people who had come to request the castle arrived and found him dead; he was so swollen that they could barely see any of his eyes, and only the tip of his nose was visible, looking like a wart, while his groin was swollen to the size of a person's head. I got this account from George Estcourt, D.D., whose brother-in-law, ... Hotham, was one of those who saw him.

[XLIII.] This is a mistake. E W esq. assures me that 'twas James Chaloner that dyed in the Isle of Man: and that Thomas Chaloner dyed or went beyond the sea; but which of them was the eldest brother he knowes not, but he ghesses James to be the elder, because he had 1500 li. per annum (circiter), which Thomas had not.
[XLIII.] This is a mistake. E W esq. assures me that it was James Chaloner who died in the Isle of Man, and that Thomas Chaloner either died or went overseas; but he doesn't know which of them was the eldest brother. However, he guesses James is the older one because he had about 1500 li. a year, which Thomas did not have.

Notes.

[BW] Aubrey gives in trick the coat 'azure, 3 cherubs' heads or.' In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, is a note:—'Is Chaloner's shield cum vel sine chevron. Resp.—cum chevron, prout per seale.'
[BW] Aubrey mentions the coat, 'blue, with 3 cherubs' heads in gold.' In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, there's a note:—'Is Chaloner's shield with or without a chevron? Answer:—with a chevron, according to the seal.'

[BX] Anthony Wood assigns the discovery, and first working, of the alum-mine to Thomas Chaloner the father, towards the end of Elizabeth's reign.
[BX] Anthony Wood credits Thomas Chaloner the father with the discovery and initial operation of the alum mine near the end of Queen Elizabeth's reign.

[BY] Anthony Wood says that James Chaloner, brother of Thomas, poisoned himself in 1660 at Peel Castle. Thomas died in 1661 at Middleburg in Zeeland.
[BY] Anthony Wood says that James Chaloner, brother of Thomas, poisoned himself in 1660 at Peel Castle. Thomas died in 1661 in Middleburg, Zeeland.

[Pg 161]
[Pg 161]

George Chapman (1557-1634).

[611]On the south side of St. Giles church in the churchyard by the wall, one entire Portland stone [BZ], a yard and ½ high fere, thickness half a yard.
[611]On the south side of St. Giles church in the churchyard by the wall, there is a single piece of Portland stone [BZ], about a yard and a half high and half a yard thick.

D. O. M.
Georgius Chapmannus
Poeta Homericus Philosophus
. . . . . . o (etsi Christianus
. . . . . . otus) per quam celeriter
. . . V: LXXVII fatis concessit
. . . die Maii anno Salutis
Humanae M D C XXXIV
H. S. E.
Ignatius Jones architectus
regius ob honorem bonarum
literarum familiari suo
hoc monumentum
D. S. P. F. C.
D. O. M.
George Chapman
Poet of Homer Philosophus
. . . . . . O (although a Christian
. . . . . . in name) how quickly
. . . V: LXXVII passed away
. . . on the 7th of May in the year of our Lord
Humanity 1634
H. S. E.
Ignatius Jones, royal architect,
in honor of his family’s good name
erects this monument
D. S. P. F. C.

Note.

[BZ] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 61^v, Aubrey gives a rough drawing of the monument. The lower part is an oblong block, 'thicknes ½ yard: one entire Portland stone' with the inscription on the front. Above is a laurel wreath carved in stone. Behind is what seems to be a mural tablet.
[BZ] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 61^v, Aubrey provides a rough drawing of the monument. The bottom part is a rectangular block, 'thickness ½ yard: made from one solid piece of Portland stone' with the inscription on the front. Above it is a laurel wreath carved in stone. Behind it appears to be a wall tablet.

In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, Aubrey asks, 'quaere if ... Chapman is in the first part?' i.e. in MS. Aubr. 6 (Lives, Part i.): but no life of Chapman is found in that volume.
In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v, Aubrey asks, 'is Chapman in the first part?' i.e. in MS. Aubr. 6 (Lives, Part i.): but no life of Chapman is found in that volume.

Walter Charleton (1619/20-1707).

[612]Walter Charleton, M.D., borne at Shepton-Malet [613] in com. Somerset, Feb. 2^d, 1619, about 6 h. P.M., his mother being then at supper.
[612]Walter Charleton, M.D., born in Shepton Mallet [613] in Somerset, on February 2^d, 1619, around 6 P.M., while his mother was having supper.

[614]'Dom. G. Charleton, D. M.: nascitur die Mercurii [615] 2/12 Febr., aerae Christi 1619/20, hor. 12, mom. 18 P.M.'—this [616] is my lord William Brounckar's doeing and is his owne handwriting.
[614]'Dom. G. Charleton, D. M.: born on Wednesday [615] 2/12 Feb, in the year of Christ 1619/20, at 12:18 PM'—this [616] is my lord William Brounckar's doing and is his own handwriting.

[Pg 162]
[Pg 162]

Thomas Charnock (1526-1581).

[617]Mr. Paschal, rector of Chedzoy, hath the originall scroll of Mr. Charnock, scilicet, of the philosopher's stone.
[617]Mr. Paschal, the rector of Chedzoy, has the original scroll of Mr. Charnock, specifically, about the philosopher's stone.

[618]Mr. Charnock, the chymist, mentioned in Theatrum Chymicum, was buryed in Otterhampton neer Bridgewater, anno 1581 [619], April 21, aged 55 yeares— Mr. Paschal: vide Mr. Paschal's lettre, here inserted [620] before Nicholas Mercator, p. 32.
[618]Mr. Charnock, the chemist, mentioned in Theatrum Chymicum, was buried in Otterhampton near Bridgewater, in 1581 [619], April 21, at the age of 55— Mr. Paschal: see Mr. Paschal's letter, included here [620] before Nicholas Mercator, p. 32.

[621]Concerning Mr. Charnocke.

Sir,

Hello,

Mr. Wells of Bridgewater performed his promise. He writes that the house was lately pulled down, and is new built from the ground, all except the wall at the east end. He could make nothing of what was only left over the chimney; but he found the little dore that led out of the lodging-chamber into the little Athanor roome. Of that you have an account in the enclosed draught.
Mr. Wells of Bridgewater kept his promise. He writes that the house was recently torn down and rebuilt from the ground up, except for the wall at the east end. He couldn’t figure out what was left over the chimney; however, he found the small door that led from the bedroom into the little Athanor room. You have a description of that in the enclosed drawing.

The two roses I take to be the white and red, termes common with Charnocke for the two magisteries. The two animals over them I suppose are wolves, denoting the [622] ♁; abounding with a volatile [623] ☉ and used for preparing and purifying one of the principal ingredients into the worke. Out of it growes (if those authors may be credited) most precious fruits.
The two roses I understand to be the white and red, commonly associated with Charnocke as the two magisteries. The two animals above them I believe are wolves, representing the [622] ♁; packed with a volatile [623] ☉ and used for preparing and purifying one of the key ingredients in the work. According to those authors, it produces the most precious fruits.

I obliged a painter to goe over soon after I had been there and take all he could find exactly. He was there, but I could never get anything from him: an ingeniose man, but egregiously carelesse.
I had a painter come over shortly after I arrived to capture everything he could find accurately. He was there, but I could never get anything from him: an inventive guy, but extremely careless.

Looking back I find this noted by me—June 22, 1681; the place in the Athanor roome in which he kept his [Pg 163]lampe was stone-work about 15 inches deep and so much square in the clear from side to side. Over it a wooden collar with a rabit [624] as to lett-in a cover close. No place to come into the square but by the collar, contrived probably after the accident of burning his tabernacle mentioned in his printed pieces.
Looking back, I see that I noted this—June 22, 1681; the spot in the Athanor room where he kept his [Pg 163]lamp was stonework about 15 inches deep and just as wide from side to side. Above it was a wooden collar with a rabbit [624] to hold a cover snugly in place. The only way to access the square was through the collar, likely designed after the incident of burning his tabernacle mentioned in his published works.

I find this added:—'Twas painted about the chimney thus:—on the left side of the chimney proceeded from a red stalk streaked with white, first, a paire of red branches, then a paire of white, then of red, then one of white to the top; something like a rabbit's head painted looking from the chimney to the foot of the sayd stalk.—The next picture separated as by a pillar on the chimney:—from one stalke, two white branches, of either side one; then two red, above; then two white; then at the top this , the balls of a dusky yellow.—The next picture is also distinguished by a pillar on the chimney to the right side: this quite obscured by smoake.
I found this additional detail:—It was painted around the chimney like this:—on the left side of the chimney, there was a red stalk with white streaks, starting with a pair of red branches, then a pair of white, then red again, followed by one white at the top; it looked sort of like a rabbit's head painted facing from the chimney down to the bottom of the stalk.—The next image was separated by something like a pillar on the chimney:—from one stalk, there were two white branches on each side; then two red above; then two white again; and at the top, this , the balls were a dull yellow.—The next picture is also marked by a pillar on the right side of the chimney: this completely obscured by smoke.

In the left corner of the roome another picture described, with double branches, white, then red, then white, then one on the top red.
In the left corner of the room, another picture depicted, with double branches, white, then red, then white, then one red on top.

This is all I can say of that place, of which I wish I were capable of sending a better account.
This is all I can say about that place, and I wish I could provide a better description.

The other side of Mr. Wells's paper gives you one of the schemes in the middle of the roll, which is now by me.
The other side of Mr. Wells's paper shows you one of the schemes in the middle of the roll, which I now have.

The transcription of the thing, said to be Ripley's, should cost Mr. Ashmole nothing, were I not under an obligation not to impart it to any. It may be greatly to his losse who did communicate it to me, if the owner should know I have it. If I can contrive a way to send it with leave I shall be ambitious to gratify that worthy person.
The transcription of the thing, claimed to be Ripley's, shouldn't cost Mr. Ashmole anything, if I weren't obligated not to share it with anyone. It could be quite a loss for whoever told me, if the owner finds out I have it. If I can figure out a way to send it with permission, I’ll be eager to please that deserving person.

your etc.
And. Paschall.

your etc.
And. Paschall.

[Pg 164]
[Pg 164]

[625]To his much honoured friend John Aubrey, esqre., these present, at Mr. Hooke's lodgeings in Gresham College, London.
[625]To his esteemed friend John Aubrey, Esq., here present, at Mr. Hooke's accommodations in Gresham College, London.

[626]Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Sir,

I received and returne thankes for yours.
I received your message and thank you for it.

Since my last I got leave to transcribe what Mr. Charnocke wrote on the backside of the rolle, which I heer send you. I kept as neare as I could to the very errours of his pen, by which it may in part be seen that he was, as he professes, an unlettered scholar. The inside of the rolle (which is all in Latine, and perhaps the same with the scrowle mentioned in Theatrum Chemicum, p. 375) was composed by a great master in the Hermetic philosophy and written by a master of his pen. Some notes written in void spaces of it by Mr. Charnocke's hand shew he did not (at least throughly) understand it. But it seemes to me that this rolle was a kind of Vade mecum or manuall that the students in that wisdome carryed about with them. I presume 'twas drawn out of Raymund Lully, of which I shall be able to gaine fuller satisfaction when I have his workes come down.
Since my last message, I got permission to copy what Mr. Charnocke wrote on the back of the roll, which I’m sending you here. I tried to stick closely to the exact mistakes in his writing, which shows that he was, as he says, an unlettered scholar. The inside of the roll (which is entirely in Latin and might be the same as the scroll mentioned in Theatrum Chemicum, p. 375) was created by a great master of Hermetic philosophy and written by a skilled hand. Some notes in the empty spaces made by Mr. Charnocke indicate that he didn’t fully understand it, at least not completely. But it seems to me that this roll was a kind of Vade mecum or manual that students of that wisdom carried with them. I suspect it was taken from Raymund Lully, and I’ll be able to provide more information once I have his works in my possession.

I was also, since my last, at Mr. Charnocke's house in Comag, where the rolle was found; and saw the place where 'twas hid. I saw the litle roome and contrivance he had for keeping his worke, and found it ingeniosely ordered so as to prevent a like accident to that which befell him New Yeare's day, 1555; and this pretty place joining as a closet to his chamber was to make a servant needlesse and the worke of giving attendance more easy to himselfe. I have also a litle iron instrument found there which he made use of about his fire. I sawe on the doore of his little Athanor-room, if I may so call it, drawn by his own hand, with course colours and work, but ingeniously, an embleme of his worke, at which I gave some guesses, and so about the walls of his chamber. I thinke [Pg 165]there was in all 5 panes of this worke, all somewhat differing from each other, some very obscure and almost worne out. They told me that people had been unwilling to dwell in that house, because reputed troublesome,—I presume from some traditionall storyes of this person, who was looked on by his neighbours as no better than a conjurer.
I was also, since my last visit, at Mr. Charnocke's house in Comag, where the roll was found, and I saw the spot where it was hidden. I checked out the little room and setup he had for keeping his work, and I found it cleverly arranged to prevent a similar accident to the one that happened to him on New Year’s Day, 1555. This nice space, connected like a closet to his bedroom, was designed to make it unnecessary for a servant and to make it easier for him to manage things himself. I also found a small iron tool there that he used by his fire. I saw on the door of his little Athanor room, if I can call it that, a drawing made by his own hand, using simple colors and designs but cleverly done, which was an emblem of his work; I took a few guesses about it, as well as around the walls of his chamber. I believe there were a total of five panels of this work, all somewhat different from one another, some very obscure and almost worn out. They told me that people were hesitant to live in that house because it was thought to be troublesome—I assume due to some traditional stories about this person, who was seen by his neighbors as little better than a conjurer.

As I was taking horse to come home from this pleasant entertainment, I see a pretty ancient man come forth of the next doore. I asked him how long he had lived there. Finding that it was the place of his birth, I inquired if he had ever heard anything of that Mr. Charnocke. He told me he had heard his mother (who dyed about 12 or 14 yeares since and was 80 yeares of age at her decease) often speake of him; that he kept a fire in, divers yeares; that his daughter lived with him; that once he was gone forth, and by her neglect (whome he trusted it with in his absence) the fire went out and so all his worke was lost; the brazen head was very neare comeing to speake, but so was he disappointed.
As I was riding home from this enjoyable event, I saw an elderly gentleman come out of the next door. I asked him how long he had lived there. When I found out it was his birthplace, I asked if he had ever heard of Mr. Charnocke. He told me he had heard his mother, who passed away about 12 or 14 years ago at the age of 80, often mention him; that he had kept a fire going for several years; that his daughter lived with him; and that once he had gone out, and due to her negligence (the one he entrusted with it in his absence), the fire went out and all his work was lost; the brazen head was very close to speaking, but that’s how he was disappointed.

I suppose the pleasant-humoured man—for that he was so appeares by his breviary—alludeing to Frier Bacon's story, did so put off the inquisitivenes of his simple neighbours, and thence it is come down there by tradition till now.
I guess the cheerful man—because he clearly was, as shown in his breviary—referring to Frier Bacon's story, managed to divert the curiosity of his simple neighbors, and that's how it has been passed down by tradition until now.

Indeed it appeares by the inclosed lines that when he wrote the rolle he had attained but to the white stone, which is perhaps not half the way to the red,
Indeed, it seems from the enclosed lines that when he wrote the roll he had only reached the white stone, which is probably not even halfway to the red.

('Put me to my sister Mercury, I congeale into silver'); and, if the old woman's tale were true, he might afterwards be going on and be come neare to the red and then that vexing accident might befall him; and this might be, notwithstanding what is sayd in the fragment, referred to the yeare 1574, for (being so neare the red as the traditionall story sayes he was) he might see in that 50th yeare of his age that the white was ferment to the red.
('Put me in touch with my sister Mercury, I turn into silver'); and if the old woman's story is true, he might continue on and get close to the red, and then that annoying accident could happen to him; and this might be, despite what is said in the fragment, related to the year 1574, because (being so close to the red as the traditional tale suggests he was) he might see in that 50th year of his life that the white was fermenting to the red.

You may observe my calculation differs in one thing from Mr. Ashmole's in his notes upon Theatrum Chemicum,[Pg 166] p. 478: for he makes 'the presse' to have been (out of Stowe) 1558, but I (out of Dr. Burnet's History) 1557; and consequently he supposes the presse to have been after the finishing of the Breviary, but I presume he set on the Breviary after he was pressed. So indeed he himselfe plainly averres in the 4 last lines of chapter 4 of his Breviary (Theatrum Chemicum, p. 296). I mention this to give a reason for my dissenting from your worthy friend, to whome I must intreat you to communicate these informations that I have had opportunity to gather, and also present my humble service.
You might notice that my calculation differs from Mr. Ashmole's in his notes on Theatrum Chemicum,[Pg 166] p. 478, in one aspect: he states that 'the press' was established in 1558 according to Stowe, while I reference Dr. Burnet's History and say it was 1557. This leads him to assume the press was created after the Breviary was finished, but I believe he started on the Breviary after the press was already established. He actually makes this clear in the last four lines of chapter 4 of his Breviary (Theatrum Chemicum, p. 296). I'm mentioning this to explain why I disagree with your esteemed friend. Please let him know about the information I've gathered, and also convey my humble regards.

Sir,

Sir,

I thought when I set pen to paper to have given you an account of some conversation I have had with a person who is a zealous friend and admirer of this sort of knowledge, but I see I have already gone beyound bounds. I shal onely say he hath almost convinced me that it is not so hidden and obscure, so difficult and unaccountable, as men commonly seeme to beleeve. I am in hopes to receive, by Mr. Hooke's and Mr. Lodwick's favour, the lamp for which he was pleased to give directions some time since.
I thought that when I started writing, I would give you an account of a conversation I had with someone who's a passionate friend and admirer of this kind of knowledge, but I realize I've already gone off track. I'll just say that he has nearly convinced me that it's not as hidden and complicated, so hard to grasp, as people usually believe. I'm hoping to receive, through Mr. Hooke's and Mr. Lodwick's kindness, the lamp he kindly mentioned some time ago.

I have not yet seen my miller and his invention, though he promised to bring it to me; I presume 'tis not yet ready. I expect him dayly.
I haven't seen my miller and his invention yet, even though he promised to bring it to me; I assume it's not ready yet. I'm expecting him any day now.

Pray give my humble service to our worthy friend, and to Mr. Pigott.
Please send my best regards to our dear friend and to Mr. Pigott.

I am sure I now need the [627]....
I am sure I now need the [627]....

[628]I shall be glad to heare of a new edition of the Theatrum[629] and that you will speed the printing of your MS. of Raymund Lullye's. If it doe not goe soon to the presse, how joyfull should I be to have the perusall of it! 'Tis the onely grievous thing I suffer in this solitude that I may not see good bookes and good men, but I must be content.
[628]I would be happy to hear about a new edition of the Theatrum[629] and that you will hurry up the printing of your manuscript of Raymund Lullye's. If it doesn't go to the press soon, how joyful I would be to read it! The only frustrating thing I endure in this solitude is that I can't see good books and good people, but I have to be patient.

[Pg 167]
[Pg 167]

[630]The first thing written on the back side [631] is as followes:—
[630]The first thing written on the back side [631] is as follows:—

At Stockeland, Bristowe, iiii myles from Brigewater, 1566.
At Stockeland, Bristowe, 4 miles from Bridgewater, 1566.

The principall rules of naturall philosophy figuratively set fourth to the obtayning of the philosopher's stone, collectyd out of xl auctors by the unletteryd scholer Thomas Charnocke, studient in the sciencis off astronomie, physick, and naturall philosophie, the same year that he dedicatyd a booke off the science to queene Elizabeth of Englande which was Anno Domini 1566, and the viii yere off her raigne.
The main principles of natural philosophy presented metaphorically for obtaining the philosopher's stone, compiled from forty authors by the uneducated scholar Thomas Charnock, a student of astronomy, physics, and natural philosophy. This was the same year he dedicated a book on the subject to Queen Elizabeth of England, which was in the year 1566, during the eighth year of her reign.

v, gives the rest of the writing on the back of the roll; but the outer edge of the leaf is torn off, and the writing consequently imperfect>
v, shows the rest of the text on the back of the roll; however, the outer edge of the leaf is torn off, which makes the writing incomplete.>

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. . . . . . . . his stance
. . . . . on the white and red rose
. . . . black appere sartayne
. . . xx or it becomes bright
. . . lx after becoming black again
. . . xx or it be perfect__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ white
. . . it or all quick things will be dead . . . . . or this rose be red Thomas Charnocke [in__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ red letters]
1572.
This is the philosopher's dragon that eats its own tail. Being trapped in a glass dungeon, all for my survival. Many years I kept this dragon imprisoned tightly. Before I could embarrass him, I thought it over. But by God's grace, if you believe my word, I defeated him with a fiery sword.

[Then [635] followes the picture of a dragon with a black stone under his foot, with a white stone neare his breast, with a red stone over his head: his tayle is turned to his gapeing mouth.]
[Then [635] follows the picture of a dragon with a black stone under its foot, a white stone near its chest, and a red stone above its head: its tail is turned towards its gaping mouth.]

The dragon speketh:—
The dragon speaks:—

. . . . soldiers in shining armor ... not have killed me in the field in battle . . . rnock doesn’t care for all his philosophy . . . Pryson and famine he had not starved me. or Bevis of Southampton[Pg 168] . . . . such a toxic dragon
. . . . fought with Hidra the serpent
. . . . . he could not have his intent . . . . in the wise, enclose this also in a ton of brass. . . . . d shut up in a dungeon of glass
...life was so fast and my poison so strong . . . . the cow could kill me; it was a full lounge. . . . . he held me in prison day and night . . eapt me from sustenance to mynishe me myght . . . When I saw no other remedy . . . so hungry I ate my own body . . . . . through corruption, I became lost and dead. That precious stone that is in my head . . . be worth a million to someone who has skill For the sake of that stone, he wisely did kill me. In death, I forgave him at the very moment. Seeing that he will be helpful to the poor When I was alive, I was just strong poison. In conclusion, it's only beneficial for a few things. Now that I am dying in my own blood. Now I excel all other worldly good A new name is given to me by those who are wise. Now I am named the elixir of great price. If you want to prove it, bring my sister Mercury to me. I will turn her into silver in the blink of an eye. I have many qualities. . . . lyshe and ignorant will never know
Few bishops and Masters of Arts in this realm Do you know exactly what I mean? My great-great-grandfather was killed by Ravnde Lulli, knight of Spain. And my great-grandfather was Sir George Ripley, a canon of England, certain. And my father was truly killed by a canon from Lechefelde. Who gave him to his man Thomas Davton when he died? And my mother was killed by Mr. Thomas Norton from Bristol. And each of these could make __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__☉ or ☽ in a glass
And now I have created the great and rich elixir too. That my master will never be without, whether he rides or walks. But he and everyone else must have great fear and always As secretly as they can to exchange my increase away. Sure! Please provide the text you would like me to modernize. Here Charnock changes to a better mood. For the sadness he has endured for many years
Or that he could manage the control of his fire[Pg 169] . . . . . . . . .__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ or he saw his desire Therefore, in your heart, always praise God. And do good deeds with it no matter what you can. So your god gave you this knowledge. To be his steward and help the poor and needy.

Anno D. 1526—Thomas Charnocke borne at Feversham in Kent.
Anno D. 1526—Thomas Charnocke born in Faversham, Kent.

He travailed all England over to gain his knowledge.
He traveled all over England to gain his knowledge.

1554/5—He attained the secret from his master of Salisbury close, who dying left his worke with him.
1554/5—He learned the secret from his master in Salisbury close, who, upon his death, left his work with him.

He lost it by fireing his tabernacle on a New Yeare's day.
He lost it by setting fire to his tent on New Year's Day.

About this time being 28 yeares of age, he learned the secret againe of the prior of Bathe.
About this time, at the age of 28, he learned the secret again from the prior of Bath.

He began anew with a servant, and againe by himselfe alone without a servant.
He started over with a servant, and then on his own again without a servant.

He continued it nine monthes; was within a month of his reckoning; the crowe's head began to appear black.
He continued it for nine months; was within a month of his deadline; the crow's head started to look black.

1557—He, pressed on a warre proclaimed against the French (Burnet's History, part 2, p. 355), broke and cast all away. January 1, he began; July 20, he ended, his Breviary.
1557—He, urged on by a war declared against the French (Burnet's History, part 2, p. 355), abandoned everything. He started on January 1 and finished his Breviary on July 20.

1562—He marryed Agnes Norden at Stockland, Bristoll.
1562—He married Agnes Norden at Stockland, Bristol.

1563—He buryed Absolon his son.
1563—He buried Absolon, his son.

1566—He dedicated a booke to Queen Elizabeth 9 yeares after the Breviary was penned.
1566—He dedicated a book to Queen Elizabeth 9 years after the Breviary was written.

He dated the rolle at Stockland.
He dated the role at Stockland.

1572—He wrote the posy on the rolle.
1572—He wrote the motto on the scroll.

He wrote his aenigma ad Alchimiam [638] and de Alchimia [639].
He wrote his riddle on Alchemy [638] and about Alchemy [639].

1573—the fragment [640] of 'knocke the child on the head.'
1573—the fragment [640] of 'hit the child on the head.'

1574—that he never saw the white ferment to the red till that 50th yeare of his age.
1574—that he never saw the white foam turn to red until that 50th year of his life.

[Pg 170]
[Pg 170]

1576—the difficulty of the philosophick number in the roll.
1576—the challenge of the philosophical number in the roll.

1581—Buryed at Otterhampton neare Stockland out of his house at Comage where he kept his worke.
1581—Buried at Otterhampton near Stockland, away from his house at Comage where he carried out his work.

1587—Bridget Charnock (probably his daughter that kept his house when his fire was sayd to go out), marryed to one ... Thatcher in Stockland.
1587—Bridget Charnock (likely his daughter who managed his household when his fire was said to go out), married to someone ... Thatcher in Stockland.

Collected out of the Roll, the register, and Theatrum Chemicum.
Collected from the Roll, the register, and Theatrum Chemicum.

Geoffrey Chaucer (1328-1400).

[641]Sir Geffrey Chaucer: memorandum—Sir Hamond L'Estrange, of ..., in ... had his Workes in MS., a most curious piece, most rarely writt and illumined, which he valued at 100 li. His grandson and heire still haz it.—From Mr. Roger L'Estrange.
[641]Sir Geffrey Chaucer: note—Sir Hamond L'Estrange, of ..., in ... had his works in manuscript, a truly fascinating piece, very rarely written and illustrated, which he valued at 100 li. His grandson and heir still has it.—From Mr. Roger L'Estrange.

He taught his sonne the use of astrolabe at 10; prout per his treatise of the Astrolabe.
He taught his son how to use the astrolabe at 10, as stated in his treatise on the Astrolabe.

Dunnington Castle, neer Newbury, was his; a noble seate and strong castle, which was held by the King (Charles I^st) (who governour?) but since dismanteled.
Dunnington Castle, near Newbury, was his; a grand estate and stronghold that was owned by King Charles I (who was the governor?), but has since been dismantled.

Memorandum:—neer this castle was an oake, under which Sir Jeofrey was wont to sitt, called Chaucer's-oake, which was cutt downe by ... ... tempore Caroli I^mi; and so it was, that ... ... was called into the starre chamber, and was fined for it.... Judge Richardson [642] harangued against him long, and like an orator, had topiques from the Druides, etc. This information I had from ... an able attorney that was at the hearing.
Memorandum:—near this castle was an oak, under which Sir Geoffrey used to sit, called Chaucer's Oak, which was cut down by ... ... during the time of Charles I^mi; and so it happened that ... ... was summoned to the Star Chamber, and was fined for it. Judge Richardson [642] lectured against him for a long time and, like an orator, had points from the Druids, etc. I got this information from ... a competent attorney who was at the hearing.

His picture is at his old howse at Woodstock (neer the parke-gate), a foot high, halfe way: has passed from proprietor to proprietor.
His picture is at his old house in Woodstock (near the park gate), a foot high, halfway: it has passed from one owner to another.

[643]One Mr. Goresuch of Woodstock dined with us at Rumney marsh, who told me that at the old Gothique-built howse neer the parke-gate at Woodstock, which was the howse of Sir Jeffrey Chaucer, that there is his picture, [Pg 171]which goes with the howse from one to another—which see.
[643]A Mr. Goresuch from Woodstock had dinner with us at Rumney Marsh and told me that at the old Gothic house near the park gate in Woodstock, which was the home of Sir Jeffrey Chaucer, there is a painting of him, [Pg 171]that is passed down with the house from one owner to another—which is something to see.

William Chillingworth (1602-1643/4).

[644]William Chillingworth [CA], D. D.,—vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon. in Trinity College—was borne in Oxford. His father was a brewer.
[644]William Chillingworth [CA], D. D.,—see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon. in Trinity College—was born in Oxford. His father was a brewer.

About anno ... he was acquainted with one ... who drew him and some other scholars over to Doway, where he was not so well entertained as he thought he merited for his great disputative witt. They made him the porter (which was to trye his temper, and exercise his obedience): so he stole over and came to Trinity College againe, where he was fellowe.
About the year ... he met someone ... who brought him and a few other scholars to Douai, where he didn’t receive the hospitality he believed he deserved for his sharp debating skills. They made him the porter (which was meant to test his temper and discipline): so he sneaked away and returned to Trinity College, where he was a fellow.

William Laud, A. B. C.[645], was his godfather and great friend. He sent his grace weekly intelligence of what passed in the university [CB]. Sir William Davenant (poet laureat) told me that notwithstanding this doctor's great reason, he was guiltie of the detestable crime of treachery. Dr. Gill [CC], filius D^ris Gill (schoolmaster of Paules schoole), and Chillingworth held weekely intelligence one with another for some yeares, wherein they used to nibble at states-matters. Dr. Gill in one of his letters calles King James and his sonne, the old foole and the young one, which letter Chillingworth communicates to W. Laud, A. B. Cant. The poore young Dr. Gill was seised, and a terrible storme pointed towards him, which, by the eloquent intercession and advocation of Edward, earle of Dorset, together with the teares of the poore old Doctor his father, and supplication on his knees to his majestie, were blowne-over. I am sorry so great a witt should have such a naeve.
William Laud, A. B. C.[645], was his godfather and a close friend. He sent him weekly updates about what was happening at the university [CB]. Sir William Davenant (the poet laureate) told me that despite this doctor's great reasoning, he was guilty of the terrible crime of betrayal. Dr. Gill [CC], son of Dr. Gill (the headmaster of Paul's school), and Chillingworth exchanged weekly news with each other for several years, during which they used to discuss political matters. In one of his letters, Dr. Gill referred to King James and his son as the old fool and the young one, which letter Chillingworth shared with W. Laud, A. B. Cant. The unfortunate young Dr. Gill was seized, and a terrible storm was brewing against him, which, thanks to the eloquent intercession and advocacy of Edward, Earl of Dorset, as well as the tears of his poor old father and his supplication on his knees to the king, was ultimately averted. I regret that such a brilliant mind should have such a flaw.

Absent friend who insults a friend,
Who doesn’t defend against someone else blaming, free from blame? Who catches the laughter of people and the fame of the witty,
Who can pretend to what they haven't seen, must remain silent about what has been committed. Who can’t: this is black; beware of him, Roman.

Horat. lib. I, sat. iv.

Horat. book I, satire IV.

[Pg 172]
[Pg 172]

He was a little man, blackish haire, of a saturnine complexion.
He was a short man with dark hair and a gloomy complexion.

The lord Falkland (vide lord Falkland) and he had such extraordinary clear reasons, that they were wont to say at Oxon that if the great Turke were to be converted by naturall reason, these two were the persons to convert him.
The Lord Falkland (see Lord Falkland) had such incredibly clear reasoning that they often said at Oxford that if the great Turk were to be converted through natural reasoning, these two would be the ones to do it.

He lies buried in the south side of the cloysters at Chichester, where he dyed of the morbus castrensis after the taking of Arundel castle by the parliament: wherin he was very much blamed by the king's soldiers for his advice in military affaires there, and they curst that little priest and imputed the losse of the castle to his advice. In his sicknesse he was inhumanely treated by Dr. Cheynell [CD], who, when he was to be buryed, threw his booke into the grave with him, saying, 'Rott with the rotten; let the dead bury the dead.' Vide a pamphlet of about 6 sheets writt by Dr. Cheynell (maliciously enough) where he gives an account of his life.
He lies buried on the south side of the cloisters at Chichester, where he died of the morbus castrensis after the parliament took Arundel castle. He was heavily criticized by the king's soldiers for his military advice there, and they cursed that little priest, blaming him for the loss of the castle. During his illness, he was treated cruelly by Dr. Cheynell [CD], who, when it was time for him to be buried, threw his book into the grave with him, saying, 'Rot with the rotten; let the dead bury the dead.' See a pamphlet of about 6 sheets written by Dr. Cheynell (maliciously enough), where he gives an account of his life.

This following inscription was made and set-up by Mr. Oliver Whitby [CE], his fellowe-collegiate at Trinity College and now one of the prebendarys of this church:
This inscription was created and put up by Mr. Oliver Whitby [CE], his fellow student at Trinity College and now one of the prebendaries of this church:

Virtuti sacrum.
Spe certissimae resurrectionis
Hic reducem expectat animam
Gulielmvs Chillingworth,
S. T. P.
Oxonii natus et educatus,
Collegii S^tae Trinitatis olim
Socius, Decus et Gloria.
Omni Literarum genere celeberrimus,
Ecclesiae Anglicanae adversus Romano-Catholicam
Propugnator invictissimus,
Ecclesiae Sarisburiensis Praecentor [XLIV.] dignissimus;
Sine Exequiis,
Furentis cujusdam Theologastri,
Doctoris Cheynell [XLV.],
Diris et maledictione sepultus:
Honoris et Amicitiae ergo,
Ab Olivero Whitby,[Pg 173]
Brevi hoc monimento,
Posterorum memoriae consecratus,
Anno Salutis,
1672.[646]
Virtue dedicated.
With a certain hope of resurrection
Here awaits the returned soul
William Chillingworth,
S. T. P.
Born and educated in Oxford,
Once a Fellow of Trinity College,
His Honor and Glory.
Renowned in all fields of literature,
An unmatched defender of the Anglican Church
Against Roman Catholicism,
Dignified Precentor of the Church of Salisbury;
Without rites,
Buried under the curses of some raging theologian,
Doctor Cheynell,
Cursed and reviled:
For the sake of Honor and Friendship,
By Oliver Whitby,[Pg 173]
This brief memorial,
Dedicated to the memory of future generations,
In the year of Salvation,
1672.[646]

[XLIV.] This is a mistake; he was not Chantor of the Church, but Chancellor of the Church of Sarum, whose office was antiently to read a lecture in Latin, quarterly, in the pulpit in the library, either in Theologie or the Canon Lawe. Since the Reformation 'twas commuted into preaching on the Holy-dayes. He never swore to all the points of the Church of England.
[XLIV.] This is a mistake; he was not the Chantor of the Church, but the Chancellor of the Church of Sarum, whose role was historically to deliver a lecture in Latin every quarter in the pulpit in the library, either in Theology or Canon Law. Since the Reformation, this duty was changed to include preaching on holy days. He never took an oath to all the points of the Church of England.

[XLV.] Minister of Petworth.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Minister of Petworth.

My tutor, W. Browne [CF], haz told me, that Dr. Chillingworth studied not much, but when he did, he did much in a little time. He much delighted in Sextus Empeiricus. He did walke much in the College grove, and there contemplate, and meet with some cod's-head or other, and dispute with him and baffle him. He thus prepared himselfe before-hand. He would alwayes be disputing; so would my tutor. I thinke it was an epidemick evill of that time, which I think now is growne out of fashion, as unmannerly and boyish. He was the readiest and nimblest disputant of his time in the university, perhaps none haz equalled him since.
My tutor, W. Browne [CF], told me that Dr. Chillingworth didn't study a lot, but when he did, he accomplished a lot in a short time. He really enjoyed Sextus Empiricus. He often walked in the College grove, where he would contemplate, encounter some cod's-head or another, and debate with him and outsmart him. He prepared himself this way ahead of time. He was always ready to debate; my tutor was too. I believe it was an epidemic issue of that time, which I think has now gone out of style, seen as rude and childish. He was the quickest and sharpest debater of his time at the university; perhaps no one has matched him since.

I have heard Mr. Thomas Hobbes, Malmesb. (who knew him), say, that he was like a lusty fighting fellow that did drive his enimies before him, but would often give his owne party smart [647] back-blowes.
I heard Mr. Thomas Hobbes, from Malmesbury (who knew him), say, that he was like a strong, aggressive guy who pushed his enemies back but would often hit his own team hard.

When Doctor Kettle, (the president of Trin. Coll. Oxon.) dyed [CG], which was in anno <1643> Dr. Chillingworth was competitor for the presidentship, with Dr. Hannibal Potter and Dr. Roberts. Dr. Han. Potter had been formerly chaplain to the bishop of Winton, who was so much Dr. Potter's friend, that though (as Will Hawes haz told me) Dr. Potter was not lawfully elected, upon referring themselves to their visitor (bishop of Winton), the bishop (Curle) ordered Dr. Potter possession; and let the fellowes gett him out if they could. This was shortly after the lord Falkland was slaine, who had he lived, Dr. Chillingworth assured Will Hawes, no man should have carried it against him: and that he was so extremely discomposed and wept bitterly for the losse of his deare friend, yet notwithstanding he doubted not to have an astergance [CH] for it.
When Doctor Kettle, the president of Trinity College, Oxford, resigned in 1643, Dr. Chillingworth was competing for the presidency against Dr. Hannibal Potter and Dr. Roberts. Dr. Potter had previously been the chaplain to the bishop of Winchester, who was such a close friend of Dr. Potter that even though, as Will Hawes told me, Dr. Potter was not legally elected, they referred the matter to their visitor (the bishop of Winchester), and the bishop (Curle) ordered Dr. Potter to take possession, telling the others to try to get him out if they could. This happened shortly after Lord Falkland was killed, and had he lived, Dr. Chillingworth assured Will Hawes that no one would have been able to outmaneuver him. He was extremely upset and cried bitterly over the loss of his dear friend; however, he had no doubt he would still make a comeback for it.

[Pg 174]
[Pg 174]

Notes.

[CA] William Chillingworth was elected Scholar of Trinity June 2, 1618 (then of St. Martin's parish, Oxon, aged 19), and Fellow, June 10, 1628.
[CA] William Chillingworth was elected Scholar of Trinity on June 2, 1618 (from St. Martin's parish, Oxon, at the age of 19), and became a Fellow on June 10, 1628.

[CB] For another instance of reports sent to Laud (who was Chancellor of Oxford 1630-41) about Oxford matters, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 238.
[CB] For another example of reports sent to Laud (who served as Chancellor of Oxford from 1630 to 1641) regarding Oxford issues, check out Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 238.

[CC] Alexander Gill matr. at Trinity College, June 26, 1612, was Clerk at Wadham College, April 20, 1613, but rejoined Trinity and from thence took his D.D., March 9, 1636/7. He was usher to his father in St. Paul's School 1621-28, being removed for the offence here related.
[CC] Alexander Gill enrolled at Trinity College on June 26, 1612. He served as a Clerk at Wadham College starting on April 20, 1613, but later returned to Trinity, where he received his Doctor of Divinity degree on March 9, 1636/7. He worked as an assistant to his father at St. Paul's School from 1621 to 1628, but was dismissed for the offense mentioned here.

[CD] Francis Cheynell, a native of Oxford (like Chillingworth), Fellow of Merton 1629, D.D. July 24, 1649.
[CD] Francis Cheynell, originally from Oxford (like Chillingworth), became a Fellow of Merton in 1629 and earned his D.D. on July 24, 1649.

[CE] Oliver Whitby, matr. at Trinity, Oct. 15, 1619; Archdeacon of Chichester, Dec. 23, 1672.
[CE] Oliver Whitby, enrolled at Trinity on October 15, 1619; Archdeacon of Chichester, December 23, 1672.

[CF] William Browne, of Blandford St. Mary, Dorset, aged 16, elected Scholar of Trinity May 28, 1635, M.A. March 18, 1641/2.
[CF] William Browne, from Blandford St. Mary, Dorset, age 16, was chosen as a Scholar of Trinity on May 28, 1635, and received his M.A. on March 18, 1641/2.

[CG] Anthony Wood, in a marginal note, objects—'This cannot be: Dr. Kettle died after Chillingworth.' But Wood is wrong. Kettell died in July 1643; Chillingworth in January, 1643/4; Potter was admitted President August 8, 1643.
[CG] Anthony Wood, in a side note, disagrees—'This can't be right: Dr. Kettle died after Chillingworth.' But Wood is mistaken. Kettell died in July 1643; Chillingworth in January 1643/4; Potter was appointed President on August 8, 1643.

[CH] 'Astergance,' apparently an Aubrey form for 'abstergence,' i.e. consolation. The meaning perhaps is:—although Chillingworth was grieved for Falkland's (or Kettell's) death, he had looked for the consolation of being promoted to the Presidentship of his College.
[CH] 'Astergance,' likely a variation of 'abstergence,' meaning consolation. The implication might be:—even though Chillingworth was saddened by Falkland's (or Kettell's) death, he had hoped to find comfort in being promoted to the presidency of his college.

John Clavell (1601-1642).

[648]John Clavell, the famous thiefe, borne May 11, 1601, 11^h 30´ P.M.
[648]John Clavell, the famous thief, born May 11, 1601, 11^h 30´ P.M.

John Cleveland (1613-1658).

[649]John Cleveland was borne at ... (quaere Mr. Nayler) in Warwickshire. He was a fellow of St. John's Colledge in Cambridge, where he was more taken notice of for his being an eminent disputant, then a good poet. Being turned out of his fellowship for a malignant he came to Oxford, where the king's army was, and was much caressed by them. He went thence to the garrison at Newark upon Trent, where upon some occasion of drawing of articles, or some writing, he would needs add a short conclusion, viz. 'and hereunto we annex our lives, as a labell to our trust.' After the king was beaten out of the field, he came to London, and retired in Grayes [Pg 175]Inne. He, and Sam. Butler, &c. of Grayes Inne, had [650] a clubb every night. He was a comely plump man, good curled haire, darke browne. Dyed of the scurvy, and lies buried in St. Andrew's church, in Holborne, anno Domini 165. (quaere Mr. Nayler [651], of ...).
[649]John Cleveland was born at ... (question Mr. Nayler) in Warwickshire. He was a fellow at St. John's College in Cambridge, where he was more recognized for being a prominent debater than for being a good poet. After being dismissed from his fellowship for opposing forces, he went to Oxford, where the king's army was, and was very well-liked by them. He then moved to the garrison at Newark upon Trent, where, during some discussions about articles or writings, he insisted on adding a brief statement: 'and here we attach our lives as a label to our trust.' After the king was defeated in battle, he returned to London and stayed at Gray's Inn. He, along with Sam. Butler and others from Gray's Inn, had a club every night. He was a well-built man with good curly hair and dark brown features. He died of scurvy and is buried in St. Andrew's Church in Holborn, in the year 165. (question Mr. Nayler [651], of ...).

George Clifford, earl of Cumberland (1558-1605).

[652]Henry, Earl of m. Anne, daughter of William, Cumberland; died | Lord Dacres of Gillesland. 12 Eliz. <1570>. | +------------------+--------------------+ | | George, Earl of m. Marg Francis, Earl m. Grisold, Cumberland; | daughter . | Thomas Hughes <1605>. | | of Uxbridge, | esq. | | (1) Richard, m. Anne, m. (2) Philip, Earl Henry, Earl m. Frances, Earl of | daughter of Pembroke and | of Cumberland, | daughter Dorset | heir. Montgomery. | died 1643. | of Robert | | Henry, Earl of | Cecill, | | Cumberland, was a poet. His | Earl of | | daughter (the Countess of | Sarum. | | Cork and Burlington) has | | | several [653] copies of his | +---------+------------+ making. +-------------+ | | | Margaret, m. John, Isabella m. James, Liz m. Richard , | Earl of | Earl of | Earl of Cork and | Thanet. | Northampton. | Burlington. +------+-------------------------+--------+ +---+---+ | | | | | Nicholas, Earl m. Elizabeth, John, Richard, of Thanet, my daughter of died now honoured lord; Richard, Earl sine earle. died November of Corke and prole. 27, 1679, sans Burlington. issue.

[XLVI.]This George, earl of Cumberland, built the greatest fleet of shipping that ever any subject did. He had a vast estate, and could then ride in his owne lands from Yorkeshire to Westmorland. He had ... castles.
[XLVI.]This George, Earl of Cumberland, built the largest fleet of ships that any subject has ever owned. He had a huge estate and could ride across his own lands from Yorkshire to Westmorland. He had ... castles.

[XLVI.] From Elizabeth, countesse of Thanet.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ From Elizabeth, Countess of Thanet.

The best account of his expedition with his fleet to America is to be found in Purchas's Pilgrim. He tooke from the Spaniards to the value of seaven or 8 hundred thousand poundes. When he returned with this riche [Pg 176]cargo (the richest without doubt that ever subject brought), the queene's councell (where he had some that envyed him—
The best account of his expedition with his fleet to America can be found in Purchas's Pilgrim. He took from the Spaniards goods worth seven to eight hundred thousand pounds. When he returned with this valuable [Pg 176] cargo (undoubtedly the richest ever brought back by a subject), the queen's council (where he had some who envied him—

Virtutis comes Invidia)
Virtue comes with envy

layed their heads together and concluded 'twas too much for a subject to have, and confiscated it all to the queen, even shippes and all, and to make restauration to the Spaniard, that he was forced to sell fifteene thousand pounds per annum. My lady Thanet told me she sawe the accounts in writing. The armada of the Argonautes was but a trifle to this.
They put their heads together and decided it was too much for one person to handle, so they took everything for the queen, even the ships, and to repay the Spaniard, he had to sell fifteen thousand pounds a year. Lady Thanet told me she saw the written accounts. The armada of the Argonauts was just a small matter compared to this.

As I take it, Sir Walter Ralegh went this brave voyage with his lordship; and Mr. Edmund Wright, the excellent navigator; and, not unlikely, Mr. Harriot too.
As I understand it, Sir Walter Ralegh took this exciting voyage with his lordship; and Mr. Edmund Wright, the excellent navigator; and probably Mr. Harriot as well.

This was the breaking of that ancient and noble family; but Robert, earl of Salisbury (who was the chiefest enemie) afterwards maried his daughter, as above, as he might well be touch't in conscience, to make some recompence after he had donne so much mischiefe.
This marked the downfall of that ancient and noble family; however, Robert, the Earl of Salisbury (who was their main enemy) later married his daughter, as mentioned above, likely feeling a sense of guilt to make some restitution after causing so much harm.

That he was an acquaintance of Sir Walter Raleigh, I remember by this token, that Sir James Long told me that one time he came to Draycot with Sir Walter Raleigh from Bathe, and, hunting a buck in the parke there, his horse made a false step in a conie-borough and threw him and brake the kennell-bone of his shoulder.
That he knew Sir Walter Raleigh, I remember because Sir James Long told me that one time he went to Draycot with Sir Walter Raleigh from Bath, and while hunting a deer in the park there, his horse stumbled in a rabbit warren and threw him, breaking the collarbone in his shoulder.

Henry Clifford, earl of Cumberland (1591-1643).

[654]From the pedigree of the earles of Cumberland [CI] in the hands of Elizabeth, countesse of Thanet, daughter of the earle of Burlington and Corke.
[654]From the family history of the earls of Cumberland [CI] in the possession of Elizabeth, Countess of Thanet, daughter of the Earl of Burlington and Cork.

George, earl of Cumberland, had seaven [XLVII.] castles in the north. He was buryed with his ancestors at Skippon Castle. Obiit about the beginning of King James's raigne.
George, earl of Cumberland, had seven [XLVII.] castles in the north. He was buried with his ancestors at Skippon Castle. He died around the beginning of King James's reign.

[XLVII.] Quaere quot castella [655].
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ask how many castles __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

Vide epistle to George, earl of Cumberland, before the History of the Massacre.
Vide letter to George, Earl of Cumberland, before the History of the Massacre.

[Pg 177]
[Pg 177]

Henry, earl of Cumberland, was a poet; the countesse of Corke and Burlington haz still his verses. He was of Christ Church, Oxon [CJ]. Nicholas, earl of Thanet, was wont to say that the mare of Fountaines-abbey did dash, meaning that since they gott that estate (given to the church) they did never thrive but still declined.
Henry, the fifth Earl of Cumberland, was a poet; the Countess of Cork and Burlington still has his verses. He was from Christ Church, Oxford. Nicholas, the Earl of Thanet, used to say that the mare of Fountain's Abbey did dash, meaning that since they acquired that estate (given to the church), they never prospered but continued to decline.

Henry, Lord Clifford, first Earl of Cumberland, died in 34 Henry VIII <1542>; buried in Skipton Church. Knight of the Garter. | Henry, Lord Clifford, second Earl m. Anne, daughter of William, Lord of Cumberland, died 12 Eliz., 8 | Dacres of Gillesland, his second January 1570 . He | wife. She died in Skipton Castle was a knight of the most noble order | in July 1581, and was buried in of the Garter and Lord of | the vault of that Church. Westmorland and Vesse. Buried in | Skipton Church. | +-------------------------------+-----+ | | 1. George, third m. Margaret, 2. Francis, m. Mrs. Grizell Hughes Earl of Cumberland, | daughter erearl of | of Uxbridge, widow knight of the | of Francis, Cumberland. | to Thomas [656] Garter, who led | Earl of | Nevill, Lord the famous | Bedford. | Abergavenny. expedition to | | America. Died | +------+ in 1605 in the Savoy | | in London. Buried | | in Skipton Church. | | | | Richard, m. Lady Anne m. Philip, Henry, Lord m. Frances Cecill, Earl of | Clifford Earl of Clifford; | only daughter of Dorset. | (inquire Pembroke, last Earl of | Robert, Earl of Died at | (note the etc. Cumberland | Salisbury, Lord Dorset | question). | High Treasurer. house, | of that line. | Died 14 Feb. 28 March, | Died in | 1643. 1624. | York, 1643. | | | | +---+ | | had issue only Elizabeth married Richard two daughters. Clifford, (1635) Boyle, born in Earl of Skipton Cork and Castle. 1613. Burlington.

[657]Henry, the last earle of Cumberland, was an ingeniose gentleman for those times and a great acquaintance of the Lord Chancellor Bacon's; and often writt to one another, which lettres the countesse of Corke and Burlington, my lady Thanet's mother, daughter and heir of that family, keepes as reliques; and a poeme in English that her father wrott upon the Psalmes and many other subjects, and very well, but the language being now something out of fashion, like Sir Philip Sydney's, they will not print it.
[657]Henry, the last Earl of Cumberland, was a clever gentleman for his time and a good friend of Lord Chancellor Bacon; they often wrote to each other, and those letters are kept as treasures by the Countess of Cork and Burlington, my lady Thanet's mother, who is the daughter and heir of that family. There’s also a poem in English that her father wrote about the Psalms and various other topics, and it's quite good, but since the language is now a bit out of style, like Sir Philip Sidney's, they won't publish it.

Notes.

[CI] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'checquy or and azure, a fess gules [Clifford],' surmounted by an earl's coronet. Anthony Wood has a note here:—'George, earl of Cumberland, A.M. 1592: A.B. Aed. Christi, 1608, quaere'—this latter degree belongs to Henry, fifth earl.
[CI] Aubrey mentions the coat of arms: 'checkered in black and blue, a red stripe [Clifford],' topped with an earl's coronet. Anthony Wood adds a note here: 'George, earl of Cumberland, Morning. 1592: A.B. Aed. Christi, 1608, inquire'—the latter degree actually pertains to Henry, the fifth earl.

[CJ] Matric. Jan. 30, 1606/7: took B.A. Feb. 16, 1608/9.
[CJ] Matriculated on Jan. 30, 1606/7: received B.A. on Feb. 16, 1608/9.

[Pg 178]
[Pg 178]

Sir Edward Coke (1551/2-1633).

[658]Vide his life by ...: quaere his nephew or sonne [659] Roger Coke. Sir Edward Coke [CK], knight, Lord Chiefe Justice of the King's Bench, was borne at ... in Norfolke. I heard an old lawyer ( ... Dunstable) of the Middle Temple, 1646, who was his country-man, say that he was borne to 300 li. land per annum [CL], and I have heard some of his country say again that he was borne but to 40 li. per annum. What shall one beleeve?
[658]To learn about his life, check with his nephew or son [659] Roger Coke. Sir Edward Coke [CK], knight, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, was born in ... in Norfolk. I heard an old lawyer ( ... Dunstable) from the Middle Temple in 1646, who was from the same area, say that he was born to an income of 300 li. per year [CL], while others from his hometown claimed he only had an income of 40 li. per year. What should one believe?

Quaere Roger Coke of what house he was in Cambridge, or if ever at the University.
Quaere Roger Coke about which college he attended at Cambridge, or if he was ever at the University.

Old John Tussell (that was my attorney) haz told me that he gott a hundred thousand pounds in one yeare, viz. 1º Jacobi, being then attorney-generall. His advice was that every man of estate (right or wrong) should sue-out his pardon, which cost 5 li. which [660] was his fee.
Old John Tussell (that was my lawyer) told me that he got a hundred thousand pounds in one year, specifically in the first year of King James, when he was attorney general. His advice was that every person of wealth (whether justified or not) should apply for their pardon, which cost £5, which was his fee.

He left an estate of eleaven thousand pounds per annum. Sir John Danvers [CM], who knew him, told me that when one told him his sonnes would spend the estate faster then he gott it, he replyed 'they cannot take more delight in spending of it then I did in the getting of it.'
He left an estate of eleven thousand pounds a year. Sir John Danvers [CM], who knew him, told me that when someone mentioned his sons would spend the estate faster than he earned it, he replied, 'They can't enjoy spending it more than I enjoyed making it.'

He was chamber-fellow to the Lord Chiefe Baron Wyld's father (Serjeant Wyld [CN]). He built the black buildings at the Inner Temple (now burn't) which were above the walke toward the west end, called then 'Coke's buildings.'
He was a chamber-fellow to the Lord Chief Baron Wyld's father (Serjeant Wyld [CN]). He constructed the black buildings at the Inner Temple (now burned down) that were located above the walkway toward the west end, which were then referred to as 'Coke's buildings.'

After he was putt out of his place of Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench [661], to spite him, they made him sheriff of Buckinghamshire, anno Dni ...; at which time he caused the sheriff's oath to be altered, which till that time was, amongst other things, to enquire after and apprehend all Lollards. He was also chosen, after he was displaced, a burghesse to sitt in Parliament.
After he was removed from his position as Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench [661], out of spite, they made him sheriff of Buckinghamshire in the year ...; at that time, he caused the sheriff's oath to be changed, which until then included, among other things, the duty to inquire about and apprehend all Lollards. He was also elected, after his removal, as a representative to sit in Parliament.

[XLVIII.]He was of wonderfull painstaking, as appeares by his writings. He was short-sighted but never used spectacles to his dyeing day, being then 83 [Pg 179]yeares of age. He was a very handsome proper man and of a curious complexion, as appeares by his picture at the Inner Temple, which his grandson gave them about 1668, at length, in his atturney-generall's fusted gowne, which the house haz turned into judge's robes.
[XLVIII.]He was incredibly meticulous, as shown in his writings. He was short-sighted but never wore glasses until his dying day at 83 years old. He was a very handsome and well-built man with a striking complexion, as seen in his portrait at the Inner Temple, which his grandson donated around 1668, depicting him in his Attorney General's robe, which the house has now turned into judge's robes. [Pg 179]

[XLVIII.] From Roger Coke.
From Roger Coke.

He maried, his second wife, ..., the relickt of Sir ... Hatton, who was with child when he maried her [662].— lady Purbec; vide B. Johnson's masque of the Gipsies.
He married his second wife, ..., the widow of Sir ... Hatton, who was pregnant when he married her [662].— Lady Purbec; see B. Johnson's masque of the Gipsies.

He dyed at Stoke-poges in com. Bucks ... 1638 [663] (quaere), but is buryed at ... in Norfolk.
He died at Stoke Poges in Buckinghamshire in 1638 [663] (questionable), but he is buried in ... in Norfolk.

For his moralls, see Sir W. Raleigh's Tryall.
For his morals, see Sir W. Raleigh's Tryall.

He shewed himselfe too clownish and bitter in his carriage to Sir Walter Ralegh at his triall, where he sayes 'Thou traytor,' at every word, and 'thou lyest like a traytor.' See it in Sir Walter Ralegh's life, Lond. 1678, 8vo.
He showed himself to be too crude and harsh in his behavior toward Sir Walter Ralegh during his trial, where he says, "You traitor," at every word, and "You lie like a traitor." See it in Sir Walter Ralegh's life, Lond. 1678, 8vo.

His rule:—
His rule:—

Six hours of sleep, just as many dedicated to fair laws, You will pray, two feasts,
As for the remaining time, let's dedicate it to the sacred Muses.

He playes [664] with his case as a cat would with a mouse, and be so fulsomely pedantique that a school boy would nauseate it. But when he comes to matter of lawe, all acknowledge him to be admirable. When Mr. Cuff [665], secretary to the earle of Essex, was arraigned, he would dispute with him in syllogismes, till at last one of his brethern said, 'Prithee, brother, leave off: thou doest dispute scurvily.' Cuff was a smart man and a great scholar and baffeld him. Said Cooke
He plays [664] with his case like a cat would with a mouse, and he's so annoyingly pedantic that even a schoolboy would find it sickening. But when it comes to legal matters, everyone agrees he’s impressive. When Mr. Cuff [665], secretary to the Earl of Essex, was put on trial, he would debate with him using syllogisms until one of his colleagues finally said, 'Come on, brother, stop: you're arguing poorly.' Cuff was a clever man and a great scholar and managed to stump him. Cooke said

'Dominum cognoscite vestrum';
'Know your Lord';

Cuff replied,'My lord, you leave out the former part of the verse [666], which you should have repeated,
Cuff replied, "My lord, you skipped the first part of the verse [666], which you should have included."

Acteon ego sum'—
Acteon I am'—

reflecting on his being a cuckold.
reflecting on his situation as a cuckold.

[Pg 180]
[Pg 180]

[667]The world expected from him a commentary on Littleton's Tenures; and he left them his Common-place book, which is now so much made use of.
[667]People expected him to write a commentary on Littleton's Tenures; instead, he left them his Common-place book, which is now widely used.

Sir Edward Coke did envie [668] Sir Francis Bacon, and was wont to undervalue his lawe: vide de hoc in the lord Bacon's lettres, where he expostulates this thing with Sir Edward Coke, and tells him that he may grow when that others doe stand at a stay.
Sir Edward Coke envied [668] Sir Francis Bacon and often dismissed his law expertise. Look at Lord Bacon's letters, where he discusses this issue with Sir Edward Coke and points out that he may advance while others remain stuck.

Memorandum:—he was of Clifford's Inne before he was of the Inner Temple, as the fashion then was first to be of an Inne of Chancery.
Memorandum:—he was at Clifford's Inn before he was at the Inner Temple, as the custom at that time was to first be at an Inn of Chancery.

Memorandum:—when the play called Ignoramus (made by one Ruggle of Clare-hall) was acted with great applause before King James, they dressed Sir Ignoramus like Chief Justice Coke and cutt his beard like him and feigned his voyce. Mr. Peyton, our vicar of Chalke, was then a scholar at Kings College and sawe it. This drollery did ducere in seria mala: it sett all the lawyers against the clergie, and shortly upon this Mr. Selden wrote of Tythes not jure divino.
Memorandum:—when the play called Ignoramus (written by Ruggle from Clare Hall) was performed to great applause before King James, they dressed Sir Ignoramus like Chief Justice Coke, styled his beard like his, and imitated his voice. Mr. Peyton, our vicar of Chalke, was then a student at Kings College and saw it. This humor led to serious issues: it turned all the lawyers against the clergy, and shortly after, Mr. Selden wrote about Tithes not being of divine right.

Notes.

[CK] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—--'..., 3 eagles displayed ...'
[CK] Aubrey hands over the coat in a trick:—--'..., 3 eagles shown ...'

[CL] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 97^v, Aubrey has this note:—'Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice—when I was first of the Middle Temple, I heard an old (80 ) Norfolke gentleman of the Dunstable affirme that Sir Edward Coke was borne but to 300 li. a yeare land.'
[CL] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 97^v, Aubrey includes this note:—'Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief Justice—when I was first at the Middle Temple, I heard an 80-year-old gentleman from Norfolk named Dunstable claim that Sir Edward Coke was born to only £300 a year in land.'

[CM] This story is repeated at the foot of the leaf:—'Sir John Danvers told me that he had heard one say to him, reflecting on his great scraping of wealth, that his sonnes would spend his estate faster then he gott it. He replied, they cannot take more delight in the spending of it then I did in the getting of it.'
[CM] This story is repeated at the bottom of the page:—'Sir John Danvers told me that someone mentioned to him, while thinking about his massive accumulation of wealth, that his sons would spend his fortune faster than he earned it. He replied, they can’t enjoy spending it more than I enjoyed earning it.'

[CN] George Wilde, Serjeant at Law, 1614; father of Sir John Wilde, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 1648.
[CN] George Wilde, lawyer, 1614; father of Sir John Wilde, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 1648.

Jean Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683).

[669]Monsieur ... Colbert was a merchant and an excellent accomptant, i.e. for Debtor and Creditor. He is of Scotish extraction and that obscure enough, his grandfather being a Scotish bag-piper to the Scotch regiment.
[669]Mr. ... Colbert was a businessman and a great accountant, meaning he handled Debtor and Creditor accounts well. He has Scottish heritage, which is not well-documented, as his grandfather was a Scottish bagpiper for the Scottish regiment.

[Pg 181]
[Pg 181]

Cardinal Mezarin found that his stables were very chardgeable to him, and was imposed upon in accompts. He hearing of this merchant Colbert to be a great master in this art, sends for him and desires him to make inspection into his accounts and putt him into a better method to avoyd being abused. Which he did, and that so well that he imployed him in ordering the accounts of all his estate and found him so usefull that he also made use of him to methodize and settle the accompts of the king. This was his rise.—From Dr. John Pell.
Cardinal Mazarin realized that his stables were costing him a lot and that he was getting cheated in his accounts. Hearing that the merchant Colbert was an expert in this area, he summoned him and asked him to review his accounts and help him manage them better to avoid being taken advantage of. Colbert did this so effectively that the Cardinal hired him to organize the accounts for his entire estate, and he found him so valuable that he also enlisted him to organize and settle the accounts of the king. This marked the beginning of his rise. —From Dr. John Pell.

John Colet (1466-1519).

[670]John Colet, D.D., deane of St. Paule's, London—vide Sir William Dugdale's Historie of Paule's church. After the conflagration his monument being broken, his coffin, which was lead, was full of a liquour which conserved the body. Mr. Wyld and Ralph Greatorex tasted it and 'twas of a kind of insipid tast, something of an ironish tast. The body felt, to the probe of a stick which they thrust into a chinke, like brawne. The coffin was of lead and layd in the wall about 2 foot ½ above the surface of the floore.
[670]John Colet, D.D., dean of St. Paul's, London—see Sir William Dugdale's History of Paul's Church. After the fire, his monument was damaged, and his coffin, which was made of lead, contained a liquid that preserved the body. Mr. Wyld and Ralph Greatorex tasted it, and it had a bland flavor, with a slight metallic taste. The body felt, to the probe of a stick they pushed into a crack, like gelatin. The coffin was made of lead and was set into the wall about 2 feet and a half above the floor level.

Henry Coley (1633-1695?).

[671]My friend Mr. Henry Coley was borne in Magdalen parish in the city of Oxon, Octob. 18, 1633. His father was a joyner over against the Theater.
[671]My friend Mr. Henry Coley was born in Magdalen parish in the city of Oxford on October 18, 1633. His father was a carpenter across from the Theater.

He is a tayler in Graies Inne lane.
He is a tailor on Gray's Inn Lane.

He hath published an ingeniose discourse called Clavis Astrologiae, in English, 1669.
He has published a clever work titled Clavis Astrologiae, in English, 1669.

He is a man of admirable parts, and more to be expected from him every day: and as good a natured man as can be. And comes by his learning meerly by the strong impulse of his genius. He understands Latin and French: yet never learned out his grammar.
He is an admirable man, and every day we can expect even more from him. He is as good-natured as anyone could be. He gains his knowledge purely from his natural talent. He understands Latin and French, yet he never learned grammar.

[672]Henry Coley [CO] natus Oxon, neer Kettle-hall, Octob. 18, horâ 2. 15´ 4˝ P.M.—his father a joyner.
[672]Henry Coley [CO] born in Oxford, near Kettle-hall, on October 18, at 2:15:4 PM—his father was a joiner.

[Pg 182]
[Pg 182]

He was a woman's tayler: tooke to the love of astrologie, in which he grew in a short time a good proficient; and in Mr. W. Lilly's later time, when his sight grew dimme, was his amanuensis.
He was a woman's tailor who developed a passion for astrology, in which he quickly became quite skilled; and in Mr. W. Lilly's later years, when his eyesight began to fail, he served as his assistant.

He hath great practise in astrologie, and teacheth mathematiques. He hath published Clavis Astrologiae, 1675, a thick octavo, the second edition, wherein he has compiled clearly the whole science out of the best authors.
He has extensive experience in astrology and teaches mathematics. He published Clavis Astrologiae, 1675, a thick octavo, the second edition, in which he has clearly compiled the entire science from the best authors.

Note.

[CO] Aubrey gives 'ab Astronomiâ Britannicâ,' Coley's nativity and the 'latitudo planetarum' at his birth, on the scheme
[CO] Aubrey provides details from 'British Astronomy,' including Coley's birth chart and the 'planetary positions' at the time of his birth, according to the scheme.

'Henry Coley, astrologer, born at Oxon, 1633, October 18, 2^h 15´ 4˝ P.M., latit. 51° 42´.'
'Henry Coley, astrologer, born in Oxford, October 18, 1633, at 2:15:04 PM, latitude 51° 42'.'

John Collins (1624/5-1683).

[673]John Collins, accomptant, was borne at Wood-eaton neer Oxford, March the 5th, 1624/5, about half an houre after 5 at night (Saturday night): this I had from himselfe.
[673]John Collins, accountant, was born in Wood-eaton near Oxford, on March 5th, 1624/5, around half an hour after 5 PM (Saturday night): this I heard directly from him.

[674]John Collins obiit London, November 10, 1683.
[674]John Collins died in London on November 10, 1683.

[675]John Collins:—adde his sheet Of interest, and Plea for Irish cattle: all the rest are set downe, but not when printed. And also his Historie of salt and fisherie[676], 1682, printed by A. Godbid, 4to.
[675]John Collins:—added his sheet Of Interest and Plea for Irish Cattle: all the rest are listed, but not when printed. He also included his History of Salt and Fishery[676], 1682, printed by A. Godbid, 4to.

[677]John Collins, a learned mathematician, fellow of the Royal Society: scripsit plurima: he was not an University man, but was first prentice to Allam the booke-binder.
[677]John Collins was a knowledgeable mathematician and a member of the Royal Society. He wrote a lot and wasn’t a university student; he started as an apprentice to Allam, the bookbinder.

Anthony Cooper, earl of Shaftesbury (1621-1682/3).

[678]Anthony, earl of Shaftesbury:—Memoires relating the principall passages of his life, in folio, stitcht, printed by Samuel Lee, 1681.
[678]Anthony, Earl of Shaftesbury:—Memoirs about the main events of his life, in folio, stitched, printed by Samuel Lee, 1681.

Samuel Cooper (1609-1672).

[679]Samuel Cowper, his majestie's alluminer and my honord friend, obiit May ..., 1672: sepultus in Pancrace [Pg 183]chancell, next grave to father ... Symonds, e societate Jesu—their coffins touch. Aetat. circiter 6—.
[679]Samuel Cowper, his majesty's illuminator and my esteemed friend, passed away in May ..., 1672: buried in Pancras chancel, next to the grave of Father ... Symonds, in the Society of Jesus—their coffins are side by side. Age about 6—. [Pg 183]

Thomas Cooper (1517?-1594).

[680]Thomas Cooper, Magdalenensis—vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.: quaere if he was not schoolmaster at Winchester Colledge?
[680]Thomas Cooper, Magdalenensis—see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.: ask if he was the schoolmaster at Winchester College?

Dr. Edward Davenant told me that this learned man had a shrew to his wife, who was irreconcileably angrie with him for sitting-up late at night so, compileing [681] his Dictionarie, (Thesaurus linguae Romanae et Britannicae, Londini, 1584; dedicated to Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, and Chancellor of Oxford). When he had halfe-donne it, she had the opportunity to gett into his studie, tooke all his paines out in her lap, and threw it into the fire, and burnt it. Well, for all that, that good man had so great a zeale for the advancement of learning, that he began it again, and went through with it to that perfection that he hath left it to us, a most usefull worke. He was afterwards made bishop of Winton.
Dr. Edward Davenant told me that this knowledgeable man had a nagging wife who was absolutely furious with him for staying up late at night working on his dictionary, (Thesaurus linguae Romanae et Britannicae, Londini, 1584; dedicated to Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester, and Chancellor of Oxford). When he had completed half of it, she had the chance to get into his study, took all his work in her lap, and tossed it into the fire, burning it. Well, despite that, this good man was so passionate about advancing knowledge that he started over and finished it to such perfection that he left us a truly useful work. He was later made bishop of Winton.

He dyed <29 Apr. 1594>.
He dyed <29 Apr. 1594>.

In Thesaurum Thomae Cooper, Magdalenensis, hexasticon Richardi Stephani.
In Thesaurum Thomae Cooper, Magdalenensis, hexasticon Richardi Stephani.

Vilescat rutila enters the Pactolus arena,
Hermus, and the noble gold-bearing wave of Tagus,
Vilescant Croesi gems Midaeque talents,
Major among the Britons __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ unveiled treasure lies open:
This, Wainflete, your English people owe to their student,
Who has given us so much work to take care of?

[XLIX.] Verstegan deservedly blames him for that expression.
[XLIX.] Verstegan justifiably holds him responsible for that expression.

[682]Mr. Pulleyn [683] tells me that Cowper who wrot the Dictionary was not bishop of Winton but of Lincoln: vide and mend it [684].
[682]Mr. Pulleyn [683] informs me that Cowper, who wrote the Dictionary, was not the bishop of Winchester but of Lincoln: see and fix it [684].

Richard Corbet (1583-1635).

[685]Epitaph on master Vincent Corbet, gardiner, father of the bishop: B. J Underwoods, p. 177.
[685]Epitaph for master Vincent Corbet, gardener, father of the bishop: B. Jonson's Underwoods, p. 177.

[Pg 184]
[Pg 184]

[686]Richard Corbet, episcopus (ex last edition of his poemes, in preface sc. p. 16) was made deane of Christ Church, 1620; bishop of Oxon, 1628; bishop of Norwich, 1632. Vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.
[686]Richard Corbet, bishop (from the last edition of his poems, in the preface, page 16) became the dean of Christ Church in 1620; he was appointed bishop of Oxford in 1628 and bishop of Norwich in 1632. See Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.

[687]Richard Corbet [CP], D.D., was the son of Vincent Corbet—vide his poem—
[687]Richard Corbet [CP], D.D., was the son of Vincent Corbet—see his poem—

better known By Poynter's name and then by his own Here lies engaged until the day Of raising bones and quickening clay:
No wonder, reader, that he has
Two surnames in one epitaph,
For this one understands
All that both families could offer—

who was a gardner at Twicknam, as I have heard my old cosen Whitney say. Vide in B. Johnson's Underwoods an epitaph on this Vincent Corbet, where he speakes of his nurseries etc., p. 177.
who was a gardener at Twicknam, as I've heard my old cousin Whitney say. See in B. Johnson's Underwoods an epitaph on this Vincent Corbet, where he talks about his nurseries, etc., p. 177.

He was a Westminster scholar; old parson Bussey, of Alscott in Warwickshire, went to schoole with him—he would say that he was a very handsome man, but something apt to abuse, and a coward.
He was a student from Westminster; old Parson Bussey, from Alscott in Warwickshire, went to school with him—he would say that he was a very good-looking man, but somewhat prone to be abusive, and a coward.

He was a student (vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) of Christ-church in Oxford. He was very facetious, and a good fellowe. One time he and some of his acquaintance being merry at Fryar Bacon's study (where was good liquor sold), they were drinking on the leads of the house, and one of the scholars was asleepe, and had a paire of good silke stockings on. Dr. Corbet (then M.A., if not B.D.) gott a paire of cizers and cutt them full of little holes, but when the other awaked, and percieved how and by whom he was abused, he did chastise him, and made him pay for them.
He was a student (see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) at Christ Church in Oxford. He had a great sense of humor and was a nice guy. One time, he and some friends were having a good time at Fryar Bacon's study (where they served good drinks). They were drinking on the roof of the house, and one of the students fell asleep while wearing a nice pair of silk stockings. Dr. Corbet (then an M.A., if not a B.D.) got a pair of scissors and cut the stockings full of holes, but when the other guy woke up and realized how he had been tricked and by whom, he punished him and made him pay for them.

After he was D. of Divinity, he sang ballads at the Crosse at Abingdon on a market-day. He and some of [Pg 185]his camerades were at the taverne by the crosse,[L.] (which by the way was then the finest of England; I remember it when I was a freshman: it was admirable curious Gothique architecture, and fine figures in the niches: 'twas one of those built by king ... for his queen: vide Chronicle). The ballad singer complaynd, he had no custome, he could not putt-off his ballades. The jolly Doctor putts-off his gowne, and putts-on the ballad singer's leathern jacket, and being a handsome man, and had a rare full voice, he presently vended a great many, and had a great audience.
After he got his D. of Divinity, he sang ballads at the Cross in Abingdon on market day. He and some of his friends were at the tavern by the cross, [Pg 185][L.] (which, by the way, was then the finest in England; I remember it from when I was a freshman: it had amazing Gothic architecture, with beautiful figures in the niches: it was built by a king for his queen: see Chronicle). The ballad singer complained that he had no customers and couldn’t sell his ballads. The cheerful Doctor took off his gown and put on the ballad singer's leather jacket, and being a handsome man with a rare full voice, he quickly sold a lot and attracted a large audience.

[L.] 'Twas after the fashion of the crosse in High-street in Bristowe, but more curious worke. Quaere if not marble?
[L.] It was similar to the cross on High Street in Bristol, but crafted with more intricate details. Could it be marble?

After the death of Dr. , he was made deane of Christ-church (quaere if ever canon); vide [689] part iii, pag. 7b.
After Dr. passed away, he was appointed dean of Christ-church (check if he was ever a canon); see [689] part iii, page 7b.

He had a good interest with great men, as you may find in his poems, and with the then great favourite, the duke of Bucks; his excellent witt was lettres of recommendation to him. I have forgott the story, but at the same time that Dr. Fell thought to have carried it, Dr. Corbet putt a pretty trick on to lett him take a journey on purpose to London for it, when he had already the graunt of it.
He had a good relationship with notable figures, as you can see in his poems, and with the popular duke of Bucks; his sharp wit served as his recommendation. I can't remember the story, but at the same time that Dr. Samuel Fell thought he had secured it, Dr. Corbet played a clever trick on him, making him take a trip to London for it, even though he already had the approval.

He preacht a sermon before the king at Woodstock (I suppose king James, quaere) and no doubt with a very good grace; but it happened that he was out, on which occasion there were made these verses:—
He preached a sermon before the king at Woodstock (I guess King James, not sure) and probably did it very well; but it turned out that he was absent, which inspired these verses:—

A reverend dean, With his band __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ starched clean, Preached before the King; In his band, a string was noticed. A tied ring__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__,
Wasn't that a nice thing? If then, no doubt, In his text, he was unavailable. . . . . . . next,
The ring for sure[Pg 186] Did that thing upset him,
For everyone who was there,
I swear on my conscience, That he dealt with it more than his text:—

vide the verses.
Provide the verses.

[691]His conversation [692] was extreme pleasant. Dr. Stubbins [CR] was one of his cronies; he was a jolly fatt Dr. and a very good house-keeper; parson of in Oxfordshire. As Dr. Corbet and he were riding in Lob-lane, in wett weather, ('tis an extraordinary deepe dirty lane) the coach fell; and Dr. Corbet sayd that Dr. Stubbins was up to the elbowes in mud, he was up to the elbowes in Stubbins.
[691]His conversation [692] was extremely pleasant. Dr. Stubbins [CR] was one of his buddies; he was a jolly fat doctor and a very good housekeeper, the parson of in Oxfordshire. While Dr. Corbet and he were riding in Lob-lane during wet weather (it’s an extraordinarily deep, muddy lane), the coach got stuck, and Dr. Corbet said that Dr. Stubbins was up to his elbows in mud, and he was indeed up to his elbows in Stubbins.

Anno Domini <1628> he was made bishop of Oxford, and I have heard that he had an admirable, grave, and venerable aspect.
In the year 1628, he became the bishop of Oxford, and I’ve heard that he had an impressive, serious, and respectable appearance.

One time, as he was confirming, the country people pressing in to see [693] the ceremonie, sayd he, 'Beare-off there, or I'le confirme yee with my staffe.' Another time being to lay his hand on the head of a man very bald, he turns to his chaplaine (Lushington) and sayd, 'Some dust, Lushington,' (to keepe his hand from slipping). There was a man with a great venerable beard; sayd the bishop, 'You, behind the beard.'
One time, while he was confirming, the local people crowded in to watch the ceremony, and he said, 'Step back, or I’ll confirm you with my staff.' Another time, when he was about to place his hand on the head of a very bald man, he turned to his chaplain (Lushington) and said, 'Some dust, Lushington' (to keep his hand from slipping). There was a man with a long, respectable beard; the bishop said, 'You, behind the beard.'

His chaplain, Dr. Lushington [CS], was a very learned and ingeniose man, and they loved one another. The bishop sometimes would take the key of the wine-cellar, and he and his chaplaine would goe and lock themselves in and be merry. Then first he layes downe his episcopall hat,—'There lyes the Dr.' Then he putts of his gowne,—'There lyes the Bishop.' Then 'twas,—'Here's to thee, Corbet,' and 'Here's to thee, Lushington.'—From Josias Howe, B.D., Trin. Coll. Oxon.
His chaplain, Dr. Lushington [CS], was a very knowledgeable and clever man, and they really cared for each other. The bishop would sometimes take the key to the wine cellar, and he and his chaplain would lock themselves in and have a good time. Then he'd first take off his episcopal hat—'There lies the Dr.' Then he removes his gown—'There lies the Bishop.' After that, it was—'Here's to you, Corbet,' and 'Here's to you, Lushington.'—From Josias Howe, B.D., Trin. Coll. Oxon.

[Pg 187]
[Pg 187]

He built a pretty house (quaere) neer the cawsey beyond Friar Bacon's studie.
He built a nice house (question) near the causeway beyond Friar Bacon's study.

He married [CT] ..., whom 'twas sayd he begott. She was a very beautifull woman, and so was her mother. He had a son (I think Vincent) that went to schoole at Westminster, with Ned Bagshawe; a very handsome youth, but he is run out of all, and goes begging up and downe to gentlemen.
He married [CT] ..., whom it was said he fathered. She was a very beautiful woman, just like her mother. He had a son (I think Vincent) who went to school at Westminster with Ned Bagshawe; a very handsome young man, but he has lost everything and now goes around begging from gentlemen.

He was made bishop of Norwich, Anno Domini <1632>. He dyed <28 July, 1635>. The last words he sayd were, 'Good night, Lushington.' He lyes buried in the upper end of the choire at Norwich, [on the south side of the monument of bishop Herbert, the founder, under a faire gravestone of free-stone, from whence the inscription [CU] and scutcheon of brasse are stollen [694]].
He became the bishop of Norwich in the year 1632. He died on July 28, 1635. His last words were, 'Good night, Lushington.' He is buried at the upper end of the choir in Norwich, on the south side of the monument of Bishop Herbert, the founder, under a beautiful gravestone made of free-stone, from which the inscription [CU] and brass shield have been stolen [694].

His poems are pure naturall witt, delightfull and easie.
His poems are genuinely natural wit, delightful and effortless.

Quaere what he hath writt besides his poems: vide part iii, p.[695] 7b.
Quaere what he has written besides his poems: see part iii, p.[695] 7b.

It appeares by his verses to Master Ailesbury [CV], Dec. 9, 1618, that he had knowledge of analyticall learning, being so well acquainted with him and the learned Mr. Thomas Harriot.
It appears from his verses to Master Ailesbury [CV], Dec. 9, 1618, that he was knowledgeable about analytical learning, being well-acquainted with him and the learned Mr. Thomas Harriot.

[696]I have not seen the date of his Iter Boreale; but it ends thus:—
[696]I haven't seen the date of his Iter Boreale; but it ends like this:—

We returned, but only with a little bit of gold,
As Rauleigh returned from his voyage, nothing more.

[697]Memorandum:—his antagonist Dr. Price, the anniversarist, was made deane of the church at Hereford. Dr. Watts, canon of that church, told me, 1656, that this deane was a mighty pontificall proud man, and that one time when they went in procession about the cathedrall church, he would not doe it the usually way in his surplice, hood, etc., on foot, but rode on a mare, thus habited, with the Common-Prayer booke in his hand, [Pg 188]reading. A stone-horse happend to breake loose [698] ... he would never ride in procession afterwards.
[697]Memorandum:—his rival Dr. Price, the anniversarist, became the dean of the church in Hereford. Dr. Watts, canon of that church, told me in 1656 that this dean was extremely proud and pompous. He mentioned that during one procession around the cathedral, instead of walking in the usual way wearing his surplice, hood, and so on, he rode a mare dressed like that, holding the Book of Common Prayer in his hand and reading from it. A stallion happened to break free [698] ... and afterward, he refused to ride in procession again.

[699]In the cathedral church of Norwich, upper end of the choeur, towards the steppes to the altar, in the middle is a little altar-tombe of bishop Herbert the founder; south of which tombe is a faire freestone gravestone of bishop Corbet, the inscription and shield of brasse are stollen. Vide A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon. son fainiant.
[699]In the cathedral church of Norwich, at the upper end of the choir, near the steps leading to the altar, there is a small altar-tomb of Bishop Herbert, the founder. To the south of this tomb is a beautiful gravestone made of freestone belonging to Bishop Corbet; the inscription and brass shield have been stolen. See A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon. son fainiant.

Notes.

[CP] Aubrey gives in colours the coat, 'or, a raven sable [Corbet],' wreathed with laurel.
[CP] Aubrey describes in colors the coat, 'or, a black raven [Corbet],' surrounded by laurel.

[CQ] An alternative reading is given:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Another perspective is offered:—

A ring he spotted In his band, string tied.

[CR] John Stubbinge, D.D., Ch. Ch., 1630: vicar of Ambrosden, co. Oxon., 1635.
[CR] John Stubbinge, D.D., Ch. Ch., 1630: vicar of Ambrosden, county of Oxford, 1635.

[CS] Thomas Lushington, D.D., Pembr., June 22, 1632, obiit Dec. 22, 1661. Notes of his life are found in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 203^v, 204, 259.
[CS] Thomas Lushington, D.D., Pembr., June 22, 1632, died Dec. 22, 1661. Notes about his life can be found in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 203^v, 204, 259.

[CT] Alice, daughter of Leonard Hutton, sometime Student of Christ Church, Canon of St. Paul's 1609-1632.
[CT] Alice, daughter of Leonard Hutton, former student of Christ Church, Canon of St. Paul's 1609-1632.

[CU] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9, Aubrey has a note, 'bishop Richard Corbet: vide memorandum 1671 in libro B pro reliquiis inscriptionis.' A copy of what was still legible of the inscription is found in a letter from Aubrey to Wood in Wood MS. F. 39.
[CU] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9, Aubrey has a note, 'Bishop Richard Corbet: see note from 1671 in book B for the rest of the inscription.' A copy of what was still readable of the inscription is found in a letter from Aubrey to Wood in Wood MS. F. 39.

[CV] Sir Thomas Aylesbury, 1576-1657, Master of the Requests. He had been of Christ Church, Oxford.
[Resume] Sir Thomas Aylesbury, 1576-1657, Master of the Requests. He had studied at Christ Church, Oxford.

Tom Coryat (1577-1617).

[700]Old major Cosh was quartered (Sept. 18, 1642) at his mother's house at Shirburne in Dorsetshire; her name was Gertrude.
[700]Old Major Cosh was staying at his mother's house in Shirburne, Dorsetshire, on September 18, 1642; her name was Gertrude.

This was when Sherburne castle was besieged, and when the fight was at Babell hills, between Sherburn and Yeovill: the first fight in the civill warres that was considerable. But the first brush was between the earle of Northampton (father to Henry, the lord bishop of London) and the lord Brooke, neer Banbury: which was the later end of July, or the beginning of August, 1642. I [701] was sent for into the [Pg 189]countrey to my great griefe, and departed the 9th of Aug. 'Twas before I went away, I beleeve in Aug. Quaere de hoc.
This was when Sherburne Castle was under siege, and when the battle happened at Babell Hills, between Sherburn and Yeovill: the first significant fight in the civil wars. But the first encounter was between the Earl of Northampton (father to Henry, the Lord Bishop of London) and Lord Brooke, near Banbury: which was at the end of July or the beginning of August in 1642. I was called to the country to my great regret and left on August 9th. It was before I left that I believe in August. Check on this.

But to returne to T. Coryat: had he lived to returne into England, his travells had been most estimable, for though he was not a wise man, he wrote faithfully matter of fact.
But to return to T. Coryat: if he had lived to come back to England, his travels would have been highly regarded, because even though he wasn't a wise man, he wrote about facts faithfully.

Abraham Cowley (1618-1667).

[702]Mr. Abraham Cowley [CW]: he was borne in Fleet-street, London, neer Chancery-lane; his father a grocer, at the signe of....
[702]Mr. Abraham Cowley [CW]: he was born in Fleet Street, London, near Chancery Lane; his father was a grocer, at the sign of....

He was secretarie to the earle of St. Alban's (then lord Jermyn) at Paris. When his majestie returned, the duke of Buckingham hearing that at Chertsey was a good farme of about ... li. per annum, belonging to the queene-mother, goes to the earl of St. Alban's and the commissioners to [703] take a lease of it. They answered that 'twas beneath his grace to take a lease of them. That was all one, he would have it, payd for it, and had it, and freely and generously gave it to his deare and ingeniose friend, Mr. Abraham Cowley, for whom purposely he bought it.
He was secretary to the Earl of St. Alban's (then Lord Jermyn) in Paris. When His Majesty returned, the Duke of Buckingham heard that there was a good farm at Chertsey making about ... li. a year, which belonged to the Queen Mother. He went to the Earl of St. Alban's and the commissioners to [703] take a lease on it. They replied that it was beneath his grace to lease from them. Regardless, he wanted it, paid for it, and got it, and he generously gave it to his dear and talented friend, Mr. Abraham Cowley, specifically for him.

He lies interred at Westminster Abbey, next to Sir Jeffrey Chaucer, N., where the duke of Bucks has putt a neate monument of white marble, viz. a faire pedestall, wheron the inscription:—
He is buried at Westminster Abbey, next to Sir Jeffrey Chaucer, where the Duke of Buckingham has placed a neat monument of white marble, specifically a beautiful pedestal with the inscription:—

Abraham Couley, Anglo Pindar, Horace, Virgil,
Delight, Honor, Desire of their time, Here lies.
While your writings soar widely across the world, You live forever in fame, divine Poet,
Here you may lie in peaceful rest; may the urn guard you. Cana Fides, always watchful with the eternal light of the Muses; This place is sacred. No one should dare to approach it. Disturbing the sacred tomb by hand. Let them remain intact, let them remain for ages, sweet Ashes remain and the stone stays still.

[Pg 190]
[Pg 190]

Sic vovet,
So it is vowed,

Votumque suum apud posteros sacratum esse voluit, qui viro incomparabili posuit sepulcrale marmor, GEORGIUS dux BUCKINGHAMIAE.
Votumque suum apud posteros sacratum esse voluit, qui viro incomparabili posuit sepulcrale marmor, GEORGIUS dux BUCKINGHAMIAE.

Abraham Cowley excessit e vitâ anno aetatis suae 49; et, honorificâ pompâ elatus ex Aedibus Buckinghamianis, viris [LI.] illustribus omnium ordinum exequias celebrantibus, sepultus est die 3 mensis Augusti anno Domini 1667.
Abraham Cowley passed away at the age of 49; and, in a dignified procession carried from Buckingham House, he was buried on August 3, 1667, with distinguished men from all walks of life attending his funeral.

[LI.] His grace the duke of Bucks held a tassell of the pall.
[LI.] The Duke of Bucks held a tassel from the pall.

Above that a very faire urne, with a kind of ghirland of ivy about it.
Above that, a very beautiful urn, with a kind of garland of ivy around it.

The inscription was made by Dr. Spratt, his grace's chapellane: the Latin verses were made, or mended, by Dr. Gale.
The inscription was created by Dr. Thomas Spratt, the chaplain to his grace; the Latin verses were written or revised by Dr. Thomas Gale.

On his very noble gravestone, his scutcheon, and
On his impressive gravestone, his coat of arms, and

Abrahamus Couleius
H. S. E.
1667.
Abraham Couleius
R.I.P.
1667.

Memorandum:—this George, duke of Bucks, came to the earl of St. Albans and told him he would buy such a lease in Chertsey belonging to the queen mother. Said the earle to him, 'that is beneath your grace, to take a lease.' 'That is all one,' qd. he, 'I desire to have the favour to buy it for my money.' He bought it, and then freely bestowed it on his beloved Cowley: which ought not to be forgotten.
Memorandum:—this George, Duke of Buckingham, went to the Earl of St. Albans and told him he wanted to purchase a lease in Chertsey belonging to the queen mother. The Earl replied, "That's beneath your status, to take a lease." But he said, "That’s not important; I just want the opportunity to buy it with my money." He bought it and then generously gave it to his beloved Cowley, which should not be forgotten.

By Sir J. Denham:—
By Sir J. Denham:—

If Cowley had never spoken, nor had Th.__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Killigrew written, They both would have made a really good wit.

—A. C. discoursed very ill and with hesitation.
—A. C. spoke very poorly and hesitated a lot.

He writ when a boy at Westminster ... poems and a comedy called Love's Riddle, dedicated to Sir Kenelme Digby; printed, London, ..., 8vo.
He wrote as a boy at Westminster ... poems and a comedy called Love's Riddle, dedicated to Sir Kenelme Digby; printed, London, ..., 8vo.

[705]Abraham Cowley:—vide his will, scilicet, for his true and lasting charity, that is, he settles his estate in such a manner that every yeare so much is to be payd for the enlarging of poor prisoners cast into gaole by cruel creditors for some debt. This I had from Mr. Dunning of London, a scrivener, who is an acquaintance of Dr. Cowley's [Pg 191]brother. I doe thinke this memorable benefaction is not mentioned in his life in print before his workes; and it is certainly the best method of charity.
[705]Abraham Cowley:—see his will, specifically, for his genuine and lasting charity; he arranges his estate so that every year a certain amount is paid to help free poor prisoners who have been thrown into jail by harsh creditors over some debt. I got this information from Mr. Dunning of London, a scrivener, who knows Dr. Cowley's brother. [Pg 191] I believe this remarkable act of generosity hasn't been mentioned in print about his life before his works; and it is definitely the best way to give to charity.

Note.

[CW] Aubrey notes that he was of 'Cambridge,' and gives in trick the coat:—--'..., a lion rampant ..., within a bordure engrailed ...,' wreathed in laurel.
[CW] Aubrey mentions that he was from 'Cambridge,' and slyly describes the coat:—--'..., a lion standing upright ..., within a wavy border ...,' surrounded by laurel.

... Cradock.

[706]Memorandum:—Mris Smyth [707] told me of one ... Cradock in the west (where Mris Smyth's relations or birth) from a cratch dyed worth 10,000 li.—Quaere de hoc, e.g. Taunton or Warminster.
[706]Memorandum:—Mrs. Smyth [707] mentioned to me one ... Cradock in the west (where Mrs. Smyth's relatives are from) from a property valued at 10,000 li.—Question about this, e.g. Taunton or Warminster.

William Croone (1633-1684).

[708]... Croun, M.D., obiit Sunday Oct. 12, 1684, London; buried at St. Mildred's in the Poultry. His funerall sermon is printed. He was fellow of the Physitians' College and also Regiae Societatis Socius.
[708]... Croun, M.D., passed away on Sunday, October 12, 1684, in London; he was buried at St. Mildred's in the Poultry. His funeral sermon has been published. He was a member of the Physicians' College and also a fellow of the Royal Society.

... Curtin.

[709]Madam Curtin, a good fortune of 3000 li., daughter to Sir William Curtin, the great merchant, lately married her footman, who, not long after marriage, beates her, getts her money, and ran away.
[709]Madam Curtin, who had a fortune of 3000 li., and was the daughter of Sir William Curtin, the wealthy merchant, recently married her footman, who, shortly after their wedding, started to abuse her, took her money, and then disappeared.

Robert Dalzell, earl of Carnwarth (15..-1654).

[710]'Twas the lord Kenwurth that sayd to the earl of Salisbury Ken you an ape, sir,—from Elizabeth, countesse of Thanet.
[710]It was Lord Kenwurth who said to the Earl of Salisbury, Can you understand an ape, sir?—from Elizabeth, Countess of Thanet.

Note.

The Rev. H. E. D. Blakiston, of Trinity College, suggested to me the transliteration of 'Kenwurth' to 'Carnwarth.' Robert Dalzell succeeded as second earl of Carnwath in 1639, died 1654. He might be in conflict about Scotch matters with William Cecil, second earl of Salisbury, commissioner to treat with the Scots at Ripon, in 1640.
The Rev. H. E. D. Blakiston, from Trinity College, recommended changing 'Kenwurth' to 'Carnwarth.' Robert Dalzell became the second earl of Carnwath in 1639 and died in 1654. He could have been in conflict over Scottish issues with William Cecil, the second earl of Salisbury, who was in charge of negotiations with the Scots in Ripon in 1640.

[Pg 192]
[Pg 192]

Sir Charles Danvers (1568-1600/1).

[711]Sir Charles Danvers was beheaded on Tower-hill with Robert, earle of Essex, February the 6th, 1600 [712]. I find in the register of the Tower chapell only the sepulture of Robert, earl of Essex, that yeare; wherfore I am induced to beleeve that his body was carryed to Dantesey [CX] in Wilts to lye with his ancestors. Vide Stowe's Chronicle, where is a full account of his and the earle's deportment at their death on the scaffold.
[711]Sir Charles Danvers was executed on Tower Hill alongside Robert, Earl of Essex, on February 6, 1600 [712]. In the records of the Tower chapel, I only find the burial of Robert, Earl of Essex, that year; therefore, I believe that his body was taken to Dantesey [CX] in Wiltshire to rest with his ancestors. See Stowe's Chronicle for a complete account of their behavior at their execution on the scaffold.

With all their faylings, Wilts cannot shew two such [713] brothers.
With all their faults, Wilts can't show two such brothers.

His familiar acquaintance were ...[714], earl of Oxon; Sir Francis and Sir Horace Vere; Sir Walter Ralegh, etc.—the heroes of those times.
His well-known associates were ...[714], earl of Oxon; Sir Francis and Sir Horace Vere; Sir Walter Ralegh, and others—the heroes of that era.

Quaere my lady viscountesse Purbec and also the lord Norris for an account of the behaviour and advice of Sir Charles Danvers in the businesse of the earl of Essex, which advice had the earle followed he had saved his life.
Ask my lady Viscountess Purbec and Lord Norris for an account of Sir Charles Danvers' behavior and advice regarding the Earl of Essex; if the Earl had followed that advice, he would have saved his life.

[715]Of Sir Charles Danvers, from my lady viscountesse Purbec:—Sir Charles Danvers advised the earle of Essex, either to treat with the queen—hostages ..., whom Sir Ferdinando Gorges did let goe; or to make his way through the gate at Essex house, and then to hast away to Highgate, and so to Northumberland (the earl of Northumberland maried his mother's sister), and from thence to the king of Scots, and there they might make their peace; if not, the queen was old and could not live long. But the earle followed not his advice, and so they both lost their heads on Tower-hill.
[715]From Lady Viscountess Purbec about Sir Charles Danvers:—Sir Charles Danvers advised the Earl of Essex to either negotiate with the queen—offering hostages that Sir Ferdinando Gorges had released—or to go through the gate at Essex House, then quickly head to Highgate, and from there to Northumberland (the Earl of Northumberland was married to his mother’s sister), and finally to the King of Scots, where they could make peace. If that didn't work, he pointed out that the queen was old and wouldn’t live much longer. However, the earl did not take his advice, and as a result, they both lost their heads on Tower Hill.

Note.

[CX] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46, Aubrey writes, in reference to burials at Dantesey, 'quaere, if Sir Charles Danvers that was beheaded?—He was buryed in the Tower chapell.' Aubrey's description of the burial-place of the Danvers family (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46), with the inscriptions, is printed in J. E. Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections, pp. 223-225; the pedigree of Danvers is there given at p. 216.
[CX] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46, Aubrey mentions burials at Dantesey, asking if Sir Charles Danvers was the one who got beheaded. He was buried in the Tower chapel. Aubrey's details about the Danvers family's burial site (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46), including the inscriptions, are published in J. E. Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections, pp. 223-225; the Danvers family tree is provided on p. 216.

[Pg 193]
[Pg 193]

Elizabeth Danvers.

[716]His [CY] mother, an Italian, prodigious parts for a woman. I have heard my father's mother say that she had Chaucer at her fingers' ends.
[716]His [CY] mom, who was Italian, was quite remarkable for a woman. I've heard my dad's mom say that she was well-versed in Chaucer.

A great politician; great witt and spirit, but revengefull [717].
A great politician; full of wit and spirit, but vengeful [717].

Knew how to manage her estate as well as any man; understood jewells as well as any jeweller.
Knew how to manage her estate as well as any man; understood jewelry as well as any jeweler.

Very beautifull, but only short-sighted. To obtain pardons for her sonnes [718] she maryed Sir Edmund Carey, cosen-german to queen Elizabeth, but kept him to hard meate.
Very beautiful, but only short-sighted. To get pardons for her sons [718] she married Sir Edmund Carey, a cousin of Queen Elizabeth, but kept him to tough times.

Smyth of Smythcotes—Naboth's vineyard—digitus Dei [CZ].
Smyth of Smythcotes—Naboth's vineyard—finger of God__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

The arcanum—'traditio lampadis' in the family of Latimer [DA] of poysoning king Henry 8—from my lady Purbec.
The arcanum—'traditio lampadis' in the family of Latimer [DA] of poisoning King Henry 8—from my lady Purbec.

Notes.

[CY] i.e. Henry, earl of Danby's. She was Elizabeth, daughter of John Nevill, the last lord Latimer. 'An Italian' may mean that she knew that language, among her other accomplishments. I can make nothing of a note added by Aubrey here, which seems to read '... Cowley, crop-ear'd.'
[CY] i.e. Henry, earl of Danby's. She was Elizabeth, daughter of John Nevill, the last lord Latimer. 'An Italian' might mean that she spoke that language, along with her other skills. I can't make sense of a note added by Aubrey here, which seems to say '... Cowley, crop-eared.'

[CZ] I do not know to what circumstance, in the history of the Danvers family, Aubrey here applies 1 Kings xxi. 19.
[CZ] I don’t know what situation in the history of the Danvers family Aubrey is referring to with 1 Kings 21:19.

[DA] Catherine Parr, last consort of Henry VIII, was widow of John, 3rd lord Latimer; and step-mother of John, 4th lord Latimer, the father of this Elizabeth Danvers, whose grand-daughter ('viscountess Purbeck') was Aubrey's informant.
[DA] Catherine Parr, the last wife of Henry VIII, was the widow of John, 3rd Lord Latimer, and the stepmother of John, 4th Lord Latimer, who was the father of Elizabeth Danvers. Elizabeth's granddaughter, known as the Viscountess Purbeck, was Aubrey's source.

Henry Danvers, earl of Danby (1573-1644).

[719]Henry Danvers [DB], earl of Danby; vide his christning and epitaph in libro [DC] A. in Dantesey church: vide Lloyd's State-worthies, 8vo, 1679.
[719]Henry Danvers [DB], Earl of Danby; see his baptism and epitaph in the book [DC] A. in Dantesey church: see Lloyd's State-worthies, 8vo, 1679.

Quaere my brother William, and J. Stokes, for the examination order of the murther [DD] at Cosham in North Wilts. Old L. Shippon, Oxon,
Quaere my brother William, and J. Stokes, for the examination order of the murder [DD] at Cosham in North Wilts. Old L. Shippon, Oxon,

'From Turke and Pope,' etc.
'From Turkey and the Pope,' etc.

R. Wisdome was then lecturer and preacht that day, and Henry Long expired [720] in his armes. My great-grandfather, [Pg 194]R. Danvers, was in some trouble about it, his horses and men being in that action. His servants were hanged and so ... Long of Linets. Vide Degory Wheare's Epistles and John Owen's Epigrams.
R. Wisdome was the lecturer and preached that day, and Henry Long died in his arms. My great-grandfather, R. Danvers, was in some trouble over it, as his horses and men were involved in that action. His servants were hanged and so ... Long of Linets. See Degory Wheare's Epistles and John Owen's Epigrams.

Physick Garden : inscriptions there; inscription at Dantesey.
Physick Garden : inscriptions there; inscription at Dantesey.

gave to Sir Thomas Overbury cloath.
gave to Sir Thomas Overbury cloth.

perfected his Latin when a man by parson Oldham of Dodmerton. perfect master of the French; a historian; tall and spare; temperate; sedate and solid; a very great favorite of prince Henry; lived most at Cornbury; a great improver of his estate, to 11000 li. per annum at the least; sold the 7 Downes, and turned the [721] ⓐ into lease; afterwards bought fee-simple neer Cirencester.
mastered Latin under a man named Parson Oldham from Dodmerton. fluent French speaker; a historian; tall and lean; self-disciplined; calm and steady; a favorite of Prince Henry; spent most of his time at Cornbury; significantly improved his estate to at least 11,000 li. per year; sold the 7 Downes, and converted the [721] ⓐ into a lease; later purchased the fee-simple near Cirencester.

[722]Henry, earl of Danby, great oeconomist. All his servants sober and wise [723] in their respective places. kept ... gentlemen: colonel Legge [724] (governor of Portsmouth); and his brother; Mr. Arthur Drake (brother of Sir ... Drake, baronet).
[722]Henry, Earl of Danby, was a great manager of resources. All his servants were responsible and wise in their roles. kept ... gentlemen: among them was Colonel Legge (governor of Portsmouth); and his brother, Mr. Arthur Drake (brother of Sir ... Drake, baronet).

[725]Earl of Danby—he was page to Sir Philip Sydney—from my cozen Elizabeth Villers: quaere +.
[725]Earl of Danby—he was a page to Sir Philip Sidney—through my cousin Elizabeth Villers: ask about it.

[726]Memorandum:—anno Domini, 16—, regno regis Caroli primi, Henry, earle of Danby, built an almeshowse in this parish for poore people and [727] a schoole—quaere the salary [DE] of both.
[726]Memorandum:—in the year 16—, during the reign of King Charles I, Henry, Earl of Danby, built an almshouse in this parish for poor people and [727] a school—check on the salary [DE] of both.

Notes.

[DB] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—', a chevron between 3 mullets [Danby]; quartering, , a saltire engrailed , an annulet for difference [Nevill, lord Latimer],' surmounted by an earl's coronet.
[DB] Aubrey mentions the coat of arms:—', a chevron between 3 mullets [Danby]; quartering, , a saltire engrailed , an annulet for difference [Nevill, lord Latimer],' topped with an earl's coronet.

[DC] i.e. in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46: see supra, p. 192. The epitaph contains English verses by George Herbert.
[DC] that is, in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46: see above, p. 192. The epitaph includes English verses by George Herbert.

[DD] Henry, brother of Sir Robert, Long was killed, possibly in fair fight, by Sir Charles, brother of this Henry, Danvers: see the Archaeological Magazine, i. 306. In consequence, the Danvers brothers had to seek safety in France. In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 44^v, Aubrey notes 'Sommerford magna—the assassination of Harry Long was contrived in the parlour of the parsonage here. Mr. Atwood was then parson; he was drown'd comeing home.'
[DD] Henry, brother of Sir Robert Long, was killed, possibly in a fair fight, by Sir Charles, brother of Henry Danvers: see the Archaeological Magazine, i. 306. As a result, the Danvers brothers had to seek safety in France. In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 44^v, Aubrey notes 'Sommerford magna—the assassination of Harry Long was planned in the parlor of the parsonage here. Mr. Atwood was the parson; he drowned while coming home.'

Richard Atwood, M.A. Oxon, 1576: another instance of 'Digitus Dei.'
Richard Atwood, M.A. Oxon, 1576: another example of 'Digitus Dei.'

[DE] See Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections, p. 228.
[DE] See Jackson's Aubrey's Wiltshire Collections, p. 228.

[Pg 195]
[Pg 195]

Sir John Danvers (15..-1594).

[728]Sir John Danvers, the father, a most beautifull and good and even-tempered person. His picture yet extant—my cosen John Danvers (his son [729]) haz it at ... Memorandum, George Herbert's verses on the curtaine.
[728]Sir John Danvers, the father, was a very beautiful, kind, and easygoing person. His portrait still exists—my cousin John Danvers (his son [729]) has it at ... Note, George Herbert's verses on the curtain.

He was of a mild and peaceable nature, and his sonnes' sad accident [730] brake his heart.
He had a gentle and calm temperament, and his son's tragic accident [730] broke his heart.

[731]By the same [732] (orator of the University of Cambridge), pinned on the curtaine of the picture of old Sir John Danvers, who was both a handsome and a good man:—
[731]By the same [732] (speaker from the University of Cambridge), attached to the curtain of the painting of the late Sir John Danvers, who was both good-looking and a decent man:—

Don't just pass by; search and you might Discover a treasure that makes your stay worthwhile.
What would you find in a Danvers? A beautiful body, a beautiful mind.
Sir John Danvers' remains Here is the text copied by art:
But his heavenly and divine In his offspring does shine.
If only he had brought them out,
Understand that he was very valuable. There's no monument to a son:
Read him there__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, and I’m done.

Sir John Danvers (1588?-1655).

[734]Sir John Danvers:—His first wife was the lady Herbert, a widowe, mother of the lord Edward [Pg 196]Herbert of Cherbery and George Herbert, orator. By her he had no issue; she was old enough to have been his mother. He maried her for love of her witt. The earl of Danby [735] was greatly displeased with him for this dis-agreable match.
[734]Sir John Danvers:—His first wife was Lady Herbert, a widow and mother of Lord Edward [Pg 196]Herbert of Cherbury and George Herbert, the orator. They had no children together; she was old enough to have been his mother. He married her for her wit. The Earl of Danby [735] was very unhappy with him for this unpleasant match.

[736]Sir John, his sonne, was then [737] a child about six. An ingeniose person, e.g. Chelsey house and garden, and Lavington garden [738]. A great friend of the king's partie and a patron to distressed and cashiered cavaliers, e.g. captain Gunter, he served; Christopher Gibbons (organist); captain Peters, etc.—Lord Bacon's friend. But to revenge himselfe of his sister, the l Garg to [739] ingratiate himself more with the P to null his brother, earl of Danby's, will, he, contrary to his owne naturall inclination, did sitt in the high court of justice at the king's triall.
[736]Sir John, his son, was then [737] about six years old. He was a smart person, like the Chelsea house and garden, and the Lavington garden [738]. A strong supporter of the king's side and a benefactor to distressed and dismissed cavaliers, such as Captain Gunter, Christopher Gibbons (the organist), Captain Peters, etc.—a friend of Lord Bacon. But to get back at his sister, Lady Garg[r]ave, and to win over the Protector to undermine his brother, the Earl of Danby, he went against his own natural inclination and sat in the high court of justice during the king's trial.

Dantesey (2500 li. per annum), not entailed, forfeited and given to the duke of Yorke.
Dantesey (£2500 per year), not entailed, was forfeited and given to the Duke of York.

His son, John, by his last wife ( Hughes), has 500 li. per annum (old land) in Oxonshire, which was part of judge [740] Danvers' estate tempore Edwardi IV, one of the judges with Litleton.
His son, John, from his last wife ( Hughes), has 500 li. per year (old land) in Oxfordshire, which was part of Judge [740] Danvers' estate during the time of Edward IV, one of the judges with Littleton.

Henry, the eldest son of Sir John Danvers, dyed before his father, and left his two sisters co-heires, viz. Elizabeth [741] married Robert Viliers (only son of viscount Purbec), and Anne, married to Sir Lee of Ditchley.
Henry, the oldest son of Sir John Danvers, died before his father and left his two sisters as co-heiresses: Elizabeth [741] who married Robert Viliers (the only son of Viscount Purbec), and Anne, who married Sir Henry Lee of Ditchley.

The Danvers-Villiers family.

[DF], being the nativities of Robert Danvers, esq. (that is, Robert Villers, son of the viscount Purbec [DG]), the lady Elizabeth his wife, and their six children, vid^t. foure daughters and two sonnes, diligently calculated [Pg 197]according to art by the Tables of Regiomontanus by W. C.' This paper supplies the following dates:—>
[DF], representing the birth charts of Robert Danvers, Esq. (also known as Robert Villers, son of the Viscount Purbec [DG]), his wife Lady Elizabeth, and their six children, namely four daughters and two sons, carefully calculated [Pg 197]following the methods outlined in Regiomontanus' Tables by W. C.' This document provides the following dates:—>

[742]Robert Danvers [DH], Esq., married the lady Danvers [743], who was born on October 19, 1624, | Tuesday, April 7, 1629, 11:48 PM | 5:26 PM

Mris Frances Danvers, born Friday 12 July 1650, 0^h 16´ P.M.
Mrs. Frances Danvers, born on Friday, July 12, 1650, at 0^h 16´ PM

Mris Elizabeth Danvers, born Monday 10 November 1651, 10^h 21´ P.M.
Mris Elizabeth Danvers, born Monday, November 10, 1651, at 10:21 PM.

Mris Ann Danvers, born Sunday 23 October 1653, 5^h 10´ A.M.
Mris Ann Danvers, born Sunday, October 23, 1653, 5^h 10´ AM

Mris Mary Danvers, born Saturday 10 November 1655, 7^h 28´ A.M.
Mris Mary Danvers, born Saturday, November 10, 1655, 7:28 A.M.

Mr. Robert Danvers, born Saturday 14 Martii 1656/7, 5^h 30´ A.M.
Mr. Robert Danvers, born Saturday, March 14, 1656/7, 5:30 A.M.

Mr. Edward Danvers, born Thursday 28 Martii 1661, 4^h 9´ A.M.
Mr. Edward Danvers, born Thursday, March 28, 1661, 4^th 9:00 AM

[744]Memorandum, 1676, July 19, P.M., about 6^h, my lord viscount (Robert) Purbec, filius, was hurt in the neck by Mr. Fielding [DI] in Fleet Street.
[744]Memorandum, 1676, July 19, PM, around 6^h, my lord viscount (Robert) Purbec, son, was injured in the neck by Mr. Fielding [DI] in Fleet Street.

the year and day when her son, the lord Purbec, was killed in a duel at Liege? Respondet: he was killed in a duell at Liege about a year before the death of King Charles II^d—I thinke in the month of Aprill.
the year and date when her son, Lord Purbec, was killed in a duel at Liege? She responded: he was killed in a duel at Liege about a year before the death of King Charles II^d—I believe it was in April.

Notes.

[DF] In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97^v, is a note:—'These,' I suppose the schemes given on the recto of the leaf, 'were done when he,' Robert Danvers, 'was in Caersbrooke Castle, prisoner, in the Isle of Wight.'
[DF] In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97^v, there is a note:—'These,' I believe the plans shown on the front of the page, 'were made when he,' Robert Danvers, 'was a prisoner at Caersbrooke Castle, on the Isle of Wight.'

[DG] In MS. Aubr. 23, on a slip at fol. 121^v, is the note:—'Lord ... Purbec,' i.e. John Villiers, created viscount Purbeck in 1619, 'natus at Godbee, Sept. 6, 12^h P.M., 1591: melancholy. His mother saith he was borne Sept. 6, Monday, 12^h P.M., 1591. Mris Toman writeth that it was 2^h 30´ P.M.'
[DG] In MS. Aubr. 23, on a note at fol. 121^v, it says:—'Lord ... Purbec,' i.e. John Villiers, who was made viscount Purbeck in 1619, 'born at Godbee, Sept. 6, 12^h PM, 1591: melancholic. His mother says he was born Sept. 6, Monday, 12^h PM, 1591. Mrs. Toman writes that it was 2^h 30´ PM'

[DH] Robert Wright (took the name of Danvers), son of Frances (daughter of Sir Edward Coke; wife of John Villiers, of note 2) who eloped in 1621 with Sir Robert Howard. He styled himself 'viscount Purbeck'; died 1675.
[DH] Robert Wright (who adopted the name Danvers), son of Frances (the daughter of Sir Edward Coke; wife of John Villiers, mentioned in note 2) who ran away in 1621 with Sir Robert Howard. He called himself 'viscount Purbeck'; died in 1675.

[DI] Robert Fielding ('Beau' Fielding) afterwards married his widow, Margaret, daughter of Ulick Burke, marquis of Clanricarde.
[DI] Robert Fielding ('Beau' Fielding) later married his widow, Margaret, the daughter of Ulick Burke, marquis of Clanricarde.

[Pg 198]
[Pg 198]

Michael Dary (16..-1679).

[745]Michaell Dary, mathematician, and a gunner of the Tower (by profession, a tobacco-cutter), an admirable algebrician, was buryed in the churchyard neer Bethlem on May-day 1679. With writing in the frostie weather [746] his fingers rotted and gangraened. He was an old man; I guesse about 66 +.
[745]Michaell Dary, a mathematician and a gunner at the Tower (professionally a tobacco cutter), was an impressive algebra expert. He was buried in the churchyard near Bethlem on May Day, 1679. His fingers rotted and became gangrenous from writing in the frosty weather.[746] He was an old man; I estimate he was about 66 or so.

Edward Davenant, merchant (15..-16..).

[747]Edward Davenant, merchant: he lies buried behind the bishop's stall at Sarum with this inscription [748]:—
[747]Edward Davenant, merchant: he is buried behind the bishop's stall at Sarum with this inscription [748]:—

Literas, lyceo, rerumque usus, emporio, etc.
Literature, high school, practical matters, marketplace, etc.

[749]Memorandum:—Mr. Davenant, merchant in London, eldest brother of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum, broke (the seas being crosse to him); but being a person of great estimation with the merchants, they favoured him, and he went into Ireland. He did set up the trade of pilchard fishing at Wythy Island [750] there, where he was a Justice of Peace, and in 20 yeares he gott there about ten thousand pounds, payd his debts, and left his family well. This account I had from my worthy and intimate friend, Mr. John Davenant, grandsonne to him.
[749]Memorandum:—Mr. Davenant, a merchant in London and the eldest brother of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum, faced difficulties at sea; however, since he was highly regarded among the merchants, they supported him, and he moved to Ireland. He established a pilchard fishing trade at Wythy Island [750] where he served as a Justice of the Peace. Over 20 years, he earned about ten thousand pounds, paid off his debts, and left his family in good standing. I received this information from my esteemed and close friend, Mr. John Davenant, his grandson.

Edward Davenant, D.D. (16..-1679/80).

[751]Edward Davenant [DJ], S. Theol. Dr., was the eldest son of Davenant, merchant of London, who was elder brother to the right reverend father in God, the learned John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.
[751]Edward Davenant [DJ], S. Theol. Dr., was the oldest son of Davenant, a London merchant, who was the older brother of the right reverend father in God, the learned John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.

I will first speake of the father, for he was a rare [752] man in his time, and deserves to be remembred. He was of a healthy complexion [753], rose at 4 or 5 in the morning, so [Pg 199]that he followed his studies till 6 or 7, the time that other merchants goe about their businesse; so that, stealing so much and so quiet time in the morning, he studied as much as most men. He understood Greeke and Latin perfectly, and was a better Grecian then the bishop. He writt a rare Greeke character as ever I sawe. He was a great mathematician, and understood as much of it as was knowen in his time. Dr. Davenant, his son, hath excellent notes of his father's, in mathematiques, as also in Greeke, and 'twas no small advantage him to have such a learned father to imbue arithmeticall knowledge into him when a boy, night times when he came from schoole (Merchant Taylors'). He understood trade very well, was a sober and good menager, but the winds and seas cross'd him. He had so great losses that he broke, but his creditors knowing it was no fault of his, and also that he was a person of great vertue and justice, used not extremity towards him; but I thinke gave him more credit, so that he went into Ireland, and did sett up a fishery for pilchards at Wythy Island, in Ireland, where in ... yeares he gott 10000 li.; satisfied and payd his creditors; and over and above left a good estate to his son. His picture bespeakes him to be a man of judgement, and parts, and gravity extraordinary. There is written Expecto. He slipt comeing downe the stone stayres at the palace at Sarum, which bruise caused his death. He lyes buried in the south aissle of the choire in Sarum Cathedral behind the bishop's stall. His son, Dr. Davenant, sett up and made this inscription for him, which I will remember as well as I can:—
I will first talk about the father, because he was a remarkable man in his time and deserves to be remembered. He had a healthy complexion, got up at 4 or 5 in the morning, and studied until 6 or 7, which is when other merchants started their day. By taking that quiet time in the morning, he studied as much as most people did. He was fluent in Greek and Latin, and he was a better Greek scholar than the bishop. He wrote a beautiful Greek script that I have ever seen. He was a great mathematician and understood as much of it as was known in his time. Dr. Davenant, his son, has excellent notes of his father’s work in mathematics, as well as in Greek, and it was no small advantage for him to have such a learned father teach him arithmetic in the evenings when he came back from school (Merchant Taylors’). He understood trade very well, was a sensible and good manager, but the winds and seas were against him. He suffered such great losses that he went bankrupt, but his creditors, knowing it was not his fault and recognizing his virtue and fairness, did not treat him harshly; in fact, I believe they extended him more credit. He ultimately went to Ireland and established a pilchard fishery at Wythy Island, where in a few years he earned 10,000 pounds, paid back his creditors, and left a good estate for his son. His portrait indicates he was a man of judgment, talent, and extraordinary seriousness. The word “Expecto” is inscribed. He fell while coming down the stone stairs at the palace at Sarum, and the injuries from that fall caused his death. He is buried in the south aisle of the choir in Sarum Cathedral, behind the bishop's stall. His son, Dr. Davenant, set up and created this inscription for him, which I will remember as best as I can:—

Literature, school, practical knowledge, marketplace,
Nostris edoctus, ingentis hinc prudentiae Brought goods to the Irish islands; Where for twenty years I have been the guardian of public peace __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Populum enriched the poor, softened the harsh,
Thankful and dear to the English and the Irish.
Beloved of the Latins, and no less of the Athenians,
Studiisque brother, this church's leader,
[Pg 200] The rival followed. Everyone in his heart Graces prevailed, but Piety foresaw,
What was nearly extravagant for the needy. After various events, in the final act of life Cum luctu __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ bonorum, plausu omnium, exiit.
What more can I say? You should know this, reader: it’s vivid in memory. He smells sweet, even dead.
Passed away in the year { Aetatis suae ...
Aerae Christianae ...

[755]Dr. Edward Davenant was borne at his father's howse at Croydon in Surrey (the farthest handsome great howse on the left hand as you ride to Bansted Downes) anno Domini ... (vide register). I have heard him say, he thankt God his father did not know the houre of his birth; for that it would have tempted him to have studyed astrologie, for which he had no esteeme at all.
[755]Dr. Edward Davenant was born at his father's house in Croydon, Surrey (the nicest big house on the left as you drive to Bansted Downs) in the year ... (see register). I’ve heard him say he was grateful that his father didn't know the exact hour of his birth; otherwise, it would have tempted him to study astrology, which he had no respect for at all.

He went to school at Merchant Taylors' school, from thence to Queen's Colledge in Cambridge, of which house his uncle, John Davenant, (afterwards bishop of Sarum), was head, where [756] he was fellowe.
He attended Merchant Taylors' School, then went to Queen's College in Cambridge, where his uncle, John Davenant (who later became the bishop of Sarum), was the head and he was a fellow.

When his uncle was preferred to the church of Sarum, he made his nephew treasurer of the church, which is the best dignity, and gave him the vicaridge of Gillingham in com. Dorset, and then Paulsholt parsonage, neer the Devises, which last in the late troubles he resigned to his wive's brother Grove.
When his uncle was appointed to the church of Sarum, he made his nephew the treasurer of the church, which is the highest position, and gave him the vicarage of Gillingham in Dorset, and then the parsonage of Paulsholt, near Devizes. During the recent troubles, he handed over the last position to his wife's brother, William Grove.

He was to his dyeing day of great diligence in study, well versed in all kinds of learning, but his genius did most strongly encline him to the mathematiques, wherin he has written (in a hand as legible as print) MSS. in 4to a foot high at least. I have often heard him say (jestingly) that he would have a man knockt in the head that should write any thing in mathematiques that had been written of before. I have heard Sir Christopher Wren say that he does beleeve he was the best mathematician in the world about 30 or 35 + yeares agoe. But being a divine he was [Pg 201]unwilling to print, because the world should not know how he had spent the greatest part of his time.
He was always very dedicated to his studies, well-versed in all kinds of knowledge, but his true talent was in mathematics, where he wrote manuscripts in a hand as clear as print, at least a foot tall. I often heard him jokingly say that he would have someone knocked out if they wrote anything in mathematics that had already been written. I’ve heard Sir Christopher Wren say that he believes he was the best mathematician in the world about 30 or 35 years ago. But since he was a cleric, he was reluctant to publish his work because he didn’t want the world to know how he had spent most of his time.

He very rarely went any farther then the church, which is hard by his house. His wife was a very discreet and excellent huswife, that he troubled himselfe about no mundane affaires, and 'tis a private place, that he was but little diverted with visitts.
He rarely went any farther than the church, which is close to his house. His wife was very discreet and an excellent homemaker, so he didn't worry about everyday matters, and since it was a private place, he was not very distracted by visits.

I have writt to his executor, that we may have the honour and favour to conserve his MSS. in the Library of the Royal Societie, and to print what is fitt. I hope I shall obtaine my desire. And the bishop of Exon ( Lamplugh) maried the Dr's second daughter Katherine, and he was tutor to Sir Joseph Williamson, our President. He had a noble library, which was the aggregate of his father's, the bishop's, and his owne.
I have written to his executor, asking if we can preserve his manuscripts in the Library of the Royal Society and publish what is appropriate. I hope to achieve my goal. The Bishop of Exeter (Thomas Lamplugh) married the Doctor's second daughter, Katherine, and he was a tutor to Sir Joseph Williamson, our President. He had an impressive library, which combined his father's collection, the bishop's, and his own.

He was of middling stature, something spare; and weake, feeble leggs; he had sometimes the goute; was of great temperance, he alwayes dranke his beer at meales with a toast, winter and summer, and sayd it made the beer the better.
He was average height, somewhat thin, and had weak, frail legs; he sometimes suffered from gout. He practiced great moderation, always drank his beer during meals with a toast, both in winter and summer, and said it made the beer taste better.

He was not only a man of vast learning, but of great goodnes and charity; the parish and all his friends will have a great losse in him. He tooke no use for money upon bond. He was my singular good friend, and to whom I have been more beholding then to any one beside; for I borrowed five hundred pounds of him for a yeare and a halfe, and I could not fasten any interest on him.
He wasn't just a highly educated man; he was also incredibly kind and generous. The parish and all his friends will really feel his absence. He never charged interest on loans. He was a truly good friend to me, and I owe him more than anyone else, as I borrowed five hundred pounds from him for a year and a half, and he never asked for any interest.

He was very ready to teach and instruct. He did [757] me the favour to informe me first in Algebra. His daughters were Algebrists.
He was eager to teach and guide. He kindly took the time to inform me about Algebra first. His daughters were experts in Algebra.

His most familiar learned acquaintance was Lancelot Morehouse, parson of Pertwood. I remember when I was a young Oxford scholar, that he could not endure to heare of the New (Cartesian, or &c.) Philosophy; 'for,' sayd he, 'if a new philosophy is brought-in, a new divinity will shortly follow' (or 'come next'); and he was right.
His most well-known learned friend was Lancelot Morehouse, the pastor of Pertwood. I remember when I was a young scholar at Oxford that he couldn’t stand hearing about the New (Cartesian, etc.) Philosophy; 'because,' he said, 'if a new philosophy is introduced, a new theology will soon follow' (or 'come next'); and he was right.

He dyed at his house at Gillingham aforesaid, where he[Pg 202] and his predecessor, Dr. Jessop, had been vicars one hundred and ... yeares, and lyes buryed in the chancell there. Obiit March 9th, 1679/80, and was buried the 31 of the same month.
He died at his home in Gillingham, where he[Pg 202] and his predecessor, Dr. John Jessop, had served as vicars for one hundred and ... years, and he is buried in the chancel there. He passed away on March 9th, 1679/80, and was buried on the 31st of the same month.

He was heire to his uncle, John Davenant, bishop of Sarum. Memorandum:—when bishop Coldwell [DK] came to this bishoprick, he did lett long leases, which were but newly expired when bishop Davenant came to this sea; so that there tumbled into his coffers vast summes. His predecessor, Dr. Tounson, maried his sister, continued in the see but a little while, and left severall children unprovided for, so the king or rather duke of Bucks gave bishop Davenant the bishoprick out of pure charity [DL]. Sir Anthony Weldon sayes (in his Court of King James), 'twas the only bishoprick that he disposed of without symony, all others being made merchandise of for the advancement of his kindred. Bishop Davenant being invested, maried all his nieces to clergie-men, so he was at no expence for their preferment. He granted to his nephew (this Dr.) the lease of the great mannour of Poterne, worth about 1000 li. per annum; made him threasurer of the church of Sarum, of which the corps is the parsonage of Calne, which was esteemed to be of the like value. He made severall purchases, all which he left him; insomuch as the churchmen of Sarum say, that he gained more by this church then ever any man did by the church since the Reformation, and take it very unkindly that, at his death, he left nothing (or but 50 li.) to that church which was the source of his estate. How it happened I know not, or how he might be workt-on in his old age, but I have heard severall yeares since, he had sett downe 500 li. in will for the Cathedral Church of Sarum.
He was the heir to his uncle, John Davenant, the bishop of Sarum. Note: when Bishop Coldwell [DK] took over this bishopric, he issued long leases that had just expired when Bishop Davenant came to this position; as a result, a large sum of money ended up in his coffers. His predecessor, Dr. Tounson, married his sister and only held the position for a short time, leaving several children unprovided for. So, the king, or more accurately the duke of Bucks, gave Bishop Davenant the bishopric out of pure charity [DL]. Sir Anthony Weldon claims (in his Court of King James) that it was the only bishopric he allocated without simony, as all others were sold off for the advantage of his relatives. Once Bishop Davenant took office, he married off all his nieces to clergymen, so he didn’t have to spend anything on their advancement. He granted his nephew (this Dr.) the lease for the large manor of Poterne, valued at about 1000 li. per year; he made him the treasurer of the Church of Sarum, for which the parish is the parsonage of Calne, also considered to be of similar value. He made several purchases, all of which he left to him; so much so that the churchmen of Sarum say he benefited more from this church than anyone else has since the Reformation, and they feel quite unfairly treated that, upon his death, he left nothing (or just 50 li.) to the church that was the source of his wealth. I don’t know how it happened, or how he might have been influenced in his old age, but I heard several years ago that he had designated 500 li. in his will for the Cathedral Church of Sarum.

He had 6 sonnes and 4 daughters. There was a good schoole at Gillingham: at winter nights he taught his sonnes Arithmetic and Geometric; his 2 eldest daughters, especially Mris Ettrick, was a notable Algebrist.
He had 6 sons and 4 daughters. There was a good school in Gillingham; on winter nights, he taught his sons arithmetic and geometry. His 2 oldest daughters, especially Mrs. Ettrick, were notable algebraists.

☞ Memoria. He had an excellent way of improving[Pg 203] his children's memories, which was thus: he would make one of them read a chapter or &c., and then they were (sur le champ) to repeate what they remembred, which did exceedingly profitt them; and so for sermons, he did not let them write notes (which jaded their memorie), but gave an account vivâ voce. When his eldest son, John, came to Winton-schoole (where the boyes were enjoyned to write sermon notes) he had not wrote; the master askt him for his notes—he had none, but sayd, 'If I doe not give you as good an account of it as they that doe, I am much mistaken.'
☞ Memory. He had a fantastic method for boosting his children's memories. He would have one of them read a chapter or something similar, and then they had to immediately repeat what they remembered, which helped them a lot. For sermons, he didn't let them take notes (which would wear out their memories), but instead, he encouraged them to give a verbal summary. When his oldest son, John, started at Winton School (where the boys were required to take notes on sermons), he hadn’t written any. The teacher asked him for his notes—he had none, but he replied, 'If I don't give you as good an account of it as those who do, I must be very mistaken.'

[758]Edward Davenant, D.D., obiit 12 of March 1679/80, and is seated in the north side of the east end of the chancell at Gillingham, Dorset.—From Anthony Ettrick, esq.
[758]Edward Davenant, D.D., passed away on March 12, 1679/80, and is buried on the north side of the east end of the chancel at Gillingham, Dorset.—From Anthony Ettrick, Esq.

[759]By Dr. Edward Davenant, S.T.P., Versus mnemonici ad computationes cossicas. Memorandum:—Dr. Davenant hath excellent explanations of these verses, which transcribe: his son James [DM], at Oriel College Oxon, hath them.
[759]By Dr. Edward Davenant, S.T.P., Mnemonic Verses for Calculating Areas. Note:—Dr. Davenant provides great explanations of these verses, which have been transcribed by his son James [DM], at Oriel College in Oxford.

Notes.

[DJ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'gules, between 9 cross-crosslets fitchée or, 3 escallops ermine [Davenant].'
[DJ] Aubrey tricks out the coat:—'red, with 9 gold cross-crosslets, 3 ermine scallops [Davenant].'

[DK] John Coldwell was consecrated Dec. 26, 1591, and died Oct. 14, 1596.
[DK] John Coldwell was ordained on December 26, 1591, and passed away on October 14, 1596.

[DL] Robert Tounson, consecrated July 9, 1620, died May 15, 1621, leaving a widow and fifteen children. The congé d'élire on behalf of Davenant was issued May 29, 1621.
[DL] Robert Tounson, ordained on July 9, 1620, passed away on May 15, 1621, leaving behind a wife and fifteen children. The congé d'élire for Davenant was issued on May 29, 1621.

[DM] James Davenant, matric. at Oriel, July 23, 1656.
[DM] James Davenant enrolled at Oriel on July 23, 1656.

John Davenant (1576-1641).

[760]John Davenant, episcopus Sarum: his epitaph made by bishop Pierson [761].
[760]John Davenant, Bishop of Sarum: his epitaph written by Bishop Pierson [761].

He bought the advowson of Newton-tony, Wilts, which he gave to Queene's College [762], Cambridge—quaere if not others.
He purchased the advowson of Newton-tony, Wilts, which he donated to Queen's College [762], Cambridge—maybe others as well.

He hung the choire of Sarum with purple velvet, which was plundered in the sacrilegious times.
He decorated the choir of Sarum with purple velvet, which was taken during the sacrilegious times.

[Pg 204]
[Pg 204]

Sir William Davenant (1605/6-1668).

[763]Sir William Davenant [DN], knight, Poet Laureate, was borne [about [764] the end of February—vide A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.—baptized 3 of March A.D. 1605/6], in ... street in the city of Oxford at the Crowne taverne.
[763]Sir William Davenant [DN], knight, Poet Laureate, was born [around [764] the end of February—see A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.—baptized on March 3 AD 1605/6], in ... street in the city of Oxford at the Crown tavern.

His father was John Davenant, a vintner there, a very grave and discreet citizen: his mother was a very beautifull woman, and of a very good witt, and of conversation extremely agreable. They had three sons, viz. 1, Robert [LII.], 2, William [765]; and 3, Nicholas (an attorney): and two handsome daughters, one married to Gabriel Bridges (B.D., fellow of C. C. Coll., beneficed in the Vale of White Horse), another to Dr. Sherburne (minister of Pembridge in Hereford, and a canon of that church).
His father was John Davenant, a winemaker there, a very serious and respected citizen. His mother was a beautiful woman with a sharp mind and very pleasant to talk to. They had three sons: 1, Robert [LII.], 2, William [765], and 3, Nicholas (a lawyer); and two lovely daughters, one married to Gabriel Bridges (B.D., fellow of C. C. College, working in the Vale of White Horse), and the other to Dr. Sherburne (minister of Pembridge in Hereford, and a canon of that church).

[LII.] Robert [766] was a fellow of St. John's College in Oxon: then preferred to the parsonage of West Kington by bishop Davenant, whose chaplaine he was.
[LII.] Robert [766] was a member of St. John's College in Oxford and was later appointed as the rector of West Kington by Bishop Davenant, for whom he served as chaplain.

Mr. William Shakespeare was wont to goe into Warwickshire once a yeare, and did commonly in his journey lye at this house in Oxon. where he was exceedingly respected. [I [767] have heard parson Robert say that Mr. W. Shakespeare haz given him a hundred kisses.] Now Sir William would sometimes, when he was pleasant over a glasse of wine with his most intimate friends—e.g. Sam. Butler (author of Hudibras), &c.—say, that it seemed to him that he writt with the very spirit that Shakespeare, and seemd [768] contented [769] enough to be thought his son. [He [770] would tell them the story as above, in which way his mother had a very light report [771].]
Mr. William Shakespeare used to go to Warwickshire once a year and would usually stay at this house in Oxford, where he was greatly respected. [I [767] heard Parson Robert say that Mr. W. Shakespeare had given him a hundred kisses.] Now, Sir William would sometimes, when he was in a good mood over a glass of wine with his closest friends—like Sam Butler (the author of Hudibras), etc.—say that it seemed to him that he wrote with the very spirit of Shakespeare and appeared [768] quite satisfied [769] to be thought of as his son. [He [770] would tell them the story as mentioned above, in which his mother had a very light reputation [771].]

He went to schoole at Oxon to Mr. Sylvester (Charles Whear, filius Degorii W., was his schoolefellowe), but I feare he was drawne from schoole before he was ripe enough.
He went to school at Oxford with Mr. Sylvester (Charles Whear, son of Degory W., was his schoolmate), but I'm afraid he was pulled out of school before he was ready.

[Pg 205]
[Pg 205]

He was preferred to the first dutches of Richmond to wayte on her as a page. I remember he told me, she sent him to a famous apothecary for some Unicornes-horne, which he was resolved to try with a spider which he incircled [772] in it, but without the expected successe; the spider would goe over, and thorough and thorough, unconcerned.
He was chosen over the first Duchess of Richmond to serve as her page. I remember he told me that she sent him to a well-known apothecary for some unicorn horn, which he was determined to test on a spider that he had trapped in it, but he didn't achieve the results he hoped for; the spider simply went through it, completely unfazed.

He was next a servant (as I remember, a page also) to Sir Fulke Grevil [773] lord Brookes, with whom he lived to his death, which was that a servant of his (that had long wayted on him and his lordship had often told him that he would doe something for him, but did not but still putt him off with delayes) as he was trussing up his lord's pointes comeinge from stoole (for then their breeches were fastned to the doubletts with points—then came in hookes and eies—which not to have fastened was in my boy-hood a great crime) stabbed him. This was at the same time that the duke of Buckingham was stabbed by Felton, and the great noise and report of the duke's, Sir William told me, quite drowned this of his lord's, that 'twas scarce taken notice of. This Sir Fulke G. was a good witt, and had been a good poet [774] in his youth. He wrote a poeme in folio which he printed not till he was old, and then, (as Sir W. said) with too much judgment and refining, spoyld it, which was at first a delicate thing.
He was later a servant (if I remember correctly, a page as well) to Sir Fulke Grevil, Lord Brookes, with whom he lived until his death. A servant of his, who had been waiting on him for a long time, had often told him that he would do something for him, but always put him off with delays. While he was tying up his lord's points after coming from the stool (at that time, their breeches were fastened to their doublets with points—later hooks and eyes came in, and not having them fastened was considered a big mistake in my youth), he was stabbed. This happened around the same time that the Duke of Buckingham was stabbed by Felton, and Sir William told me that the uproar over the Duke's incident completely overshadowed his lord's, making it hardly noticed at all. Sir Fulke Grevil was clever and had been quite a good poet in his youth. He wrote a poem in folio, which he didn't publish until he was older, and then, as Sir W. said, he refined it too much, which ruined what had originally been a delicate piece.

He writt a play or playes, and verses, which he did with so much sweetnesse and grace, that by it he got the love and friendship of his two Mecaenasses, Mr. Endymion Porter, and Mr. Henry Jermyn (since earl of St. Albans), to whom he has dedicated his poem called Madegascar. Sir John Suckling also was his great and intimate friend.
He wrote a play or plays, and poems, which he created with so much sweetness and grace that he won the love and friendship of his two patrons, Mr. Endymion Porter and Mr. Henry Jermyn (who later became the Earl of St. Albans), to whom he dedicated his poem called Madegascar. Sir John Suckling was also one of his close and dear friends.

After the death of Ben Johnson he was made in his place Poet Laureat.
After Ben Johnson died, he was appointed Poet Laureate in his place.

He gott a terrible clap of a black handsome wench that lay in Axe-yard, Westminster, whom he thought on when [Pg 206]he speakes of Dalga in Gondibert, which cost him his nose, with which unlucky mischance many witts were to cruelly bold: e.g. Sir John Menis, Sir John Denham, &c.
He got a terrible clap from a beautiful Black woman who lived in Axe-yard, Westminster, and he thought about her when he mentioned Dalga in Gondibert, which cost him his nose. This unfortunate incident made many clever people horribly daring: for example, Sir John Menis, Sir John Denham, etc.

[775]In 1641, when the troubles began, he was faine to fly into France, and at Canterbury he was seised on by the mayor—vide Sir John Menis' verses—
[775]In 1641, when the troubles started, he had to escape to France, and in Canterbury, he was captured by the mayor—see Sir John Menis' verses—

For Will had imperfections in his face. And marks received in the country’s cause:
They attacked him like lions on the prowl,
And ripped his nose as much as was on it,
And called him superstitious groom, And Papist Dog, and Cur of Rome.
. . . . . It was definitely the first time
That Will's religion was a crime.

In the civill warres in England he was in the army of William, marquess of Newcastle (since duke), where he was generall of the ordinance. I have heard his brother Robert say, for that service there was owing to him by King Charles the First 10000 li. During that warre, 'twas his hap to have two aldermen of Yorke his prisoners, who were something stubborne, and would not give the ransome ordered by the councell of warr. Sir William used them civilly, and treated them in his tent, and sate them at the upper end of his table à la mode de France, and having donne so a good while to his chardge, told them (privately and friendly) that he was not able to keepe so chargeable guests, and bad them take an opportunity to escape, which they did; but having been gon a little way they considered with themselves that in gratitude they ought to goe back and give Sir William their thankes; which they did, but it was like to have been to their great danger of being taken by the soldiers; but they happened to gett safe to Yorke.
During the civil wars in England, he was part of the army led by William, Marquess of Newcastle (now Duke), where he served as the general of the ordinance. I’ve heard his brother Robert mention that King Charles the First owed him 10,000 li. for that service. During the war, he happened to capture two stubborn aldermen from York who refused to pay the ransom set by the war council. Sir William treated them kindly, hosting them in his tent and seating them at the head of his table in a French style. After a while, he privately and amicably told them that he couldn’t afford to keep such expensive guests and encouraged them to take the chance to escape, which they did. However, after going a short distance, they felt they should return to thank Sir William. They did, but it nearly put them in serious danger of being recaptured by the soldiers; fortunately, they managed to get back to York safely.

The King's party being overcome, Sir William Davenant (who received the honour of knighthood from the duke of Newcastle by commision) went into France; resided[Pg 207] chiefly in Paris where the Prince of Wales then was. He then began to write his romance in verse, called Gondibert, and had not writt above the first booke, but being very fond of it, prints it (before a quarter finished), with an epistle of his to Mr. Thomas Hobbes and Mr. Hobbes' excellent epistle to him printed before it. The courtiers with the Prince of Wales could never be at quiet about this piece, which was the occasion of a very witty but satericall little booke of verses in 8vo. about 4 sheetes, writt by George, duke of Buckes, Sir John Denham, etc.—
The King's party was defeated, so Sir William Davenant (who was knighted by the Duke of Newcastle) went to France and mostly stayed in Paris, where the Prince of Wales was at the time. He started writing a verse romance called Gondibert. He hadn’t finished more than the first book, but since he was very fond of it, he published it (before it was a quarter done), along with a letter to Mr. Thomas Hobbes and Mr. Hobbes' excellent letter to him printed before it. The courtiers with the Prince of Wales couldn't stop gossiping about this piece, which led to a clever but satirical little book of verses in 8vo, about four sheets long, written by George, Duke of Buckingham, Sir John Denham, and others.

'That you give up your sleep, your diet,
And what's even more than that, our quiet.'

This last word Mr. Hobs told me was the occasion of their writing.
This last word Mr. Hobs told me was the reason for their writing.

Here he layd an ingeniose designe to carry a considerable number of artificers (chiefly weavers) from hence to Virginia; and by Mary the queen-mother's meanes, he got favour from the king of France to goe into the prisons and pick and choose. So when the poor dammed wretches understood what the designe was, the cryed uno ore—'Tout tisseran!' i.e. We are all weavers! Will. 36, as I remember, if not [776]more, and shipped them; and [777] as he was in his voyage towards Virginia, he and his tisseran were all taken by the shippes then belonging to the Parliament of England. The slaves I suppose they sold, but Sir William was brought prisoner to England. Whither he was first a prisoner at Caresbroke-castle in the Isle of Wight, or at the Tower of London, I have forgott: he was a prisoner at both. His Gondibert, 4to, was finished at Caresbroke-castle. He expected no mercy from the Parliament, and had no hopes of escaping his life. It pleased God that the two aldermen of Yorke aforesayd hearing that he was taken and brought to London to be tryed for his life, which they understood was in extreme danger, they were touch with so much generosity and goodnes, as, [Pg 208]upon their owne accounts and meer motion, to try what they could to save Sir William's life who had been so civill to them and a meanes to save theirs, to come to London: and acquainting the Parliament with it, upon their petition, etc., Sir William's life was saved [LIII.].
Here he laid out a clever plan to take a significant number of skilled workers (mostly weavers) from here to Virginia; and through the efforts of Mary, the queen-mother, he gained favor with the king of France to enter the prisons and pick and choose. So when the poor damned souls understood what the plan was, they cried in unison—"Tout tisseran!" meaning "We are all weavers!" Will took 36, if I remember correctly, if not more, and shipped them; and as he was on his way to Virginia, he and his weavers were all captured by the ships belonging to the Parliament of England. I suppose they sold the slaves, but Sir William was taken prisoner to England. Whether he was first imprisoned at Caresbroke Castle on the Isle of Wight or at the Tower of London, I've forgotten; he was a prisoner at both places. His Gondibert, in quarto, was completed at Caresbroke Castle. He expected no mercy from the Parliament and had no hopes of escaping with his life. It pleased God that the two aldermen of York, having heard that he was captured and brought to London to be tried for his life—which they understood was in extreme danger—were moved by such generosity and kindness that, on their own initiative, they tried to do what they could to save Sir William’s life, who had been so courteous to them and a means of saving theirs, to come to London: and by informing the Parliament about it, upon their petition, etc., Sir William's life was saved.

[LIII.] 'Twas Harry Martyn that saved Sir William Davenant's life in the Howse.—When they were talking of sacrificing one, then said Henry that 'in sacrifices they always offered pure and without blemish: now yee talke of making a sacrifice of an old rotten rascall.' Vide H. Martyn's Life, where by this very jest, then [778] forgot, the lord Falkland saved H. Martyn's Life.
[LIII.] It was Harry Martyn who saved Sir William Davenant's life at the House. When they were discussing the idea of sacrificing someone, Henry pointed out that sacrifices were always supposed to be pure and without blemish; now they were talking about making a sacrifice of an old rotten rascal. See H. Martyn's Life, where by this very joke, then [778] overlooked, Lord Falkland saved H. Martyn's Life.

Being freed from imprisonment, (because playes, scil. Tragedies and Comoedies, were in those Presbyterian times scandalous) he contrives to set-up an Opera stylo recitativo, wherein serjeant Maynard and severall citizens were engagers. It began at Rutland-house, in Charter-house-yard; next, (scil. anno ...) at the Cock-pitt in Drury-lane, where were acted very well stylo recitativo, Sir Francis Drake's ..., and the Siege of Rhodes (1st and 2d part). It did affect the eie and eare extremely. This first brought scenes in fashion in England; before, at playes, was only a hanging.
After being released from prison (since plays, specifically tragedies and comedies, were considered scandalous during those Presbyterian times), he works to establish an opera in the style of recitative, featuring Sergeant Maynard and several citizens as backers. It started at Rutland House in Charterhouse Yard and then, in the year ..., moved to the Cockpit in Drury Lane, where they staged the well-received Sir Francis Drake's ... and The Siege of Rhodes (parts one and two). This really captivated both the eye and ear. This was the first time scenes became fashionable in England; previously, plays only had a backdrop.

Anno Domini 1660 was the happy restauration of his majestie Charles II. Then was Sir Wm. made ...; and the Tennis court in Little Lincolnes-Inne fielde was turn'd into a play-house for the duke of Yorke's players, where Sir William had lodgeings, and where he dyed, April the <7th> 166<8>[LIV.].
Anno Domini 1660 marked the joyful return of his majesty Charles II. At that time, Sir William was made ...; the tennis court in Little Lincoln's Inn Fields was converted into a theater for the Duke of York's players, where Sir William had his lodgings and where he died on April 7th, 1668 [LIV.].

[LIV.] It is now a Tennis court again, upon the building of the duke's house in Dorset garden.
[LIV.] It is now a tennis court again, following the construction of the duke's house in Dorset garden.

I was at his funerall. He had a coffin of walnutt-tree; Sir [779] John Denham sayd 'twas the finest coffin that ever he sawe.[780]His body was carried in a herse from the play-house to Westminster-Abbey, where, at the great west dore, he was recieved by the sing men and choristers, who sang the service of the church ('I am the Resurrection, &c.') to his [LV.] grave, which is in the south crosse aisle, on which, on a paving stone of marble, is writt, in imitation of that on Ben Johnson, 'O rare Sir Will. Davenant.'
I attended his funeral. He had a walnut wood coffin; Sir John Denham said it was the nicest coffin he had ever seen. His body was transported in a hearse from the theater to Westminster Abbey, where, at the main west door, he was welcomed by the choir and singers, who performed the church service ("I am the Resurrection," etc.) at his grave, which is located in the south cross aisle. On a marble paving stone there, it reads, mimicking the inscription on Ben Jonson's grave, "O rare Sir Will. Davenant."

[LV.] Which is neer to the monument of Dr. Isaac Barrow.—Memorandum:—my honoured friend Sir Robert Moray lies by him; but sans inscription.
[LV.] Which is near the monument of Dr. Isaac Barrow.—Note:—my honored friend Sir Robert Moray is next to him; but without inscription.

His first lady was Dr. ...'s daughter, physitian,[Pg 209] ... by whom he had a very beautifull and ingeniose son that dyed above 20 yeares since. His 2d lady was the daughter of ... by whom he had severall children: I sawe some very young ones at the funerall. His eldest is Charles Davenant, LL.Dr., who inherits his father's beauty and phancy [781]. He practises at Doctors Commons. He writt a play called Circe, which haz taken very well.
His first wife was Dr. ...'s daughter, a physician,[Pg 209] ... with whom he had a very beautiful and clever son who passed away over 20 years ago. His second wife was the daughter of ... and they had several children together: I saw some very young ones at the funeral. His eldest is Charles Davenant, LL.D., who has inherited his father's looks and imagination [781]. He practices at Doctors' Commons and wrote a play called Circe, which has been very well received.

Sir William hath writt about 25 (quaere) playes; the romance called Gondibert; and a little poeme called Madagascar.
Sir William has written about 25 plays; the romance called Gondibert; and a short poem called Madagascar.

His private opinion was that Religion at last,—e.g. a hundred yeares hence,—would come to settlement, and that in a kind of ingeniose Quakerisme.
His personal belief was that Religion, eventually—like a hundred years from now—would reach a resolution, and that it would take the form of a sort of clever Quakerism.

[782]That sweet swan of Isis, Sir William Davenant, dyed the seaventh day of April last, and lyes buried amongst the poets in Westminster abbey [783], by his antagonist, Mr. Thomas May, whose inscription of whose marble was taken away by order since the king came in.
[782]That lovely swan of Isis, Sir William Davenant, died on the seventh day of April last year and is buried among the poets in Westminster Abbey [783], next to his rival, Mr. Thomas May, whose marble inscription was removed by order since the king returned.

Sir William was Poet Laureat; and Mr. John Dryden hath his place. But me thought it had been proper that a laurell should have been sett on his coffin—which was not donne.
Sir William was Poet Laureate, and Mr. John Dryden has his position. But I thought it would have been fitting for a laurel to have been placed on his coffin—which was not done.

He hath writt above 20 playes; besides his Gondibert and Madagascar.
He has written over 20 plays, in addition to his Gondibert and Madagascar.

Note.

[DN] Aubrey gives in trick the Davenant coat, ut supra, p. 203, but wreathed in laurel: see the facsimile at the end of vol. iv. of Clark's Wood's Life and Times.
[DN] Aubrey, in a clever move, hands over the Davenant coat, ut supra, p. 203, but adorned with a laurel wreath: check out the facsimile at the end of vol. iv. of Clark's Wood's Life and Times.

John Davenport (1597-1669/70).

[784]Sir John Dugdale told me that he would enquire about Mr. John Davenport, and send to you.—This was halfe a yeare since, at least.
[784]Sir John Dugdale told me he would look into Mr. John Davenport and get back to you. That was at least six months ago.

[785]Sir John Dugdale saith that John Davenport was a nonconformist; and he hath enquired of his relations, [Pg 210]who know nothing of him, if dead or alive, but they believe he is dead. He went over sea—he thinkes to the Barbadoes, or some of these plantations [786], or to Holland.
[785]Sir John Dugdale says that John Davenport was a nonconformist; and he has asked his relatives, [Pg 210]who know nothing about him, whether he is dead or alive, but they believe he is dead. He went abroad—he thinks to Barbados, or one of those plantations [786], or to Holland.

John Davys (1550-1605).

[787]Memorandum:—Mr. Browne, the mathematicall instrument maker of the Minories, told me that the sea-quadrant was invented by Captaine Davy ... yeares since,—he that found out the streights called Davys's Streights.
[787]Memorandum:—Mr. Browne, the mathematical instrument maker from the Minories, informed me that the sea-quadrant was invented by Captain Davy ... years ago,—the same person who discovered the straits now known as Davy's Straits.

Arthur Dee (1579-1651).

[788]'Arthur Dee,' (sonne of John Dee), a physitian at Norwych, 'was born 13 Julii 1579, manè, horâ 4. 30´ fere (vel potius, 25 min.) in ipso ortu solis, ut existimo'—Thus I find it in his father's Ephemerides.
[788]'Arthur Dee,' (son of John Dee), a physician in Norwich, 'was born on July 13, 1579, around 4:30 AM (or more likely, 25 minutes past) at sunrise, as I believe'—So it appears in his father's Ephemerides.

Obiit Norwychi about 1650.
Died in Norwich around 1650.

[789] 'that (being but a boy) he used [LVI.] to play at quoits with the plates of gold made by projection in the garret of Dr. Dee's lodgings in Prague.... When he was 9 yeares of age and at Trebona in Germany with his father, he was design'd to succede Kelly as his father's speculator.'
[789] 'that (being just a kid) he used [LVI.] to play quoits with gold plates made by projection in the attic of Dr. Dee's place in Prague.... When he was 9 years old and at Trebona in Germany with his dad, he was meant to succeed Kelly as his dad's speculator.'

[LVI.] Mrs. Dee, wife to his son Mr. Rowland Dee, told me the other day that Dr. Arthur Dee hath often told her the same.
[LVI.] Mrs. Dee, the wife of his son Mr. Rowland Dee, mentioned to me recently that Dr. Arthur Dee has often told her the same thing.

[790] 'has often told Mr. Whitefoot, of Norwich, who buried him, that he had more than once seen the philosopher's stone, and he thinks that he has written some peice on that subject. He was a man of a very pleasant conversation and had good practice in Norwich: a great acquaintance of Dr. Browne's.'
[790] 'often told Mr. Whitefoot from Norwich, who handled his funeral, that he had seen the philosopher's stone several times, and he believes he has written something on that topic. He was a person with very nice conversation skills and had a good practice in Norwich: he was well-acquainted with Dr. Browne.'

John Dee (1527-1608).

[791]John Dee:—Mr. Ashmole hath his nativitie. Resp.—'tis in his Theatrum Chemicum. Hee had a very [Pg 211]faire cleare rosie complexion: so had the earl of Rochester, exceeding.
[791]John Dee:—Mr. Ashmole has his birth chart. Resp.—It's in his Theatrum Chemicum. He had a very [Pg 211]beautiful clear rosy complexion: so did the Earl of Rochester, remarkably.

[792]'Johannes Dee, natus Londini, 1527, Julii 13, 4^h 2´ P.M.'—this nativity [DO] I copied out of the learned John Dee's papers in the hands of Elias Ashmole, esq.
[792]'John Dee, born in London, July 13, 1527, at 4^h 2´ PM'—I transcribed this birth chart [DO] from the scholarly papers of John Dee, which are held by Elias Ashmole, esq.

[793]From Elias Ashmole—the father of this John Dee was a vintner in ... London.
[793]From Elias Ashmole—the father of this John Dee was a wine merchant in ... London.

[794]John Dee—from Meredith Lloyd:—Talbot, marying an inheritresse of the prince of South Wales (who was descended from Howel Da, i.e. Howelus bonus: the same family from whom John Dee was descended).—Dr. Troutbec hath Raymund Lully's ... (a chymical tract) with John Dee's marginall notes.
[794]John Dee—from Meredith Lloyd:—Talbot, marrying an heiress of the prince of South Wales (who was descended from Howel Da, meaning Howelus bonus: the same family from which John Dee was descended).—Dr. Troutbeck has Raymund Lully's ... (a chemical tract) with John Dee's marginal notes.

[795]I left about 1674, with Mr. Elias Ashmole, 3 pages in folio concerning him [DP].
[795]I left around 1674 with Mr. Elias Ashmole, 3 pages in folio about him [DP].

Memorandum:—Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that his father was Roland Dee [DQ], a Radnorshire gentleman [LVII.], and that he hath his pedegree, which he hath promised to lend to me. He was descended from Rees, prince of South Wales.
Memorandum:—Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that his father was Roland Dee [DQ], a gentleman from Radnorshire [LVII.], and that he has his pedigree, which he has promised to lend to me. He was a descendant of Rees, the prince of South Wales.

[LVII.] J. Dee's father was a vintner in London at the signe of ... in ...: from Elias Ashmole, esqre, who had it from his grandsonne (sonne of Arthur).
[LVII.] J. Dee's father was a wine merchant in London at the sign of ... in ...: from Elias Ashmole, esqre, who received it from his grandson (the son of Arthur).

My great-grandfather, William Aubrey (LL.Dr.), and he were cosins, and intimate acquaintance. Mr. Ashmole hath letters between them, under their owne hands, viz. one of Dr. W. A. to him [796] (ingeniosely and learnedly written) touching the Sovraignty of the Sea, of which J. D. writt a booke which he dedicated to queen Elizabeth and desired my great grandfather's advice upon it. Dr. A.'s countrey-house was at Kew, and J. Dee lived at Mortlack, not a mile distant. I have heard my grandmother say they were often together.
My great-grandfather, William Aubrey (LL.Dr.), was a cousin and close friend of Mr. Ashmole. They exchanged letters, one of which was written by Dr. W. A. to him [796] (cleverly and intelligently written) about the Sovereignty of the Sea, a topic on which J. D. wrote a book dedicated to Queen Elizabeth and sought my great-grandfather’s advice. Dr. A.’s country house was in Kew, while J. Dee lived in Mortlake, less than a mile away. I’ve heard my grandmother say they often spent time together.

Arthur Dee, M.D., his son, lived and practised at Norwich, an intimate friend of Sir Thomas Browne, M.D., who told me that Sir William Boswell, the Dutch ambassador, had all John Dee's MSS.: quaere his executors for his papers. He [797] lived then somewhere in Kent.
Arthur Dee, M.D., his son, lived and worked in Norwich, a close friend of Sir Thomas Browne, M.D., who told me that Sir William Boswell, the Dutch ambassador, had all of John Dee's manuscripts. Check with his executors for his papers. He [797] lived somewhere in Kent at that time.

[Pg 212]
[Pg 212]

Memorandum:—Sir William Boswell's widowe lives at Bradburne, neer Swynoke, in Kent. Memorandum:—Mr. Hake, of the Physitians' Colledge, hath a MS. of Mr. John Dee's, which see or gett.
Memorandum:—Sir William Boswell's widow lives at Bradburne, near Swynoke, in Kent. Memorandum:—Mr. Hake, from the Physicians' College, has a manuscript of Mr. John Dee's, which should be seen or obtained.

Quaere A. Wood for the MSS. in the Bodlean library of Doctor Gwyn, wherein [798] are severall letters between him and John Dee, and Doctor Davies, of chymistrey and of magicall secrets, which my worthy friend Mr. Meredith Lloyd hath seen and read: and he tells me that he haz been told that Dr. Barlowe gave it to the Prince of Tuscany [799].
Quaere A. Wood for the manuscripts in the Bodleian library of Doctor Gwyn, where [798] you can find several letters between him and John Dee, as well as Doctor Davies, discussing chemistry and magical secrets. My good friend Mr. Meredith Lloyd has seen and read these letters, and he told me that he heard Dr. Barlowe gave them to the Prince of Tuscany [799].

Meredith Lloyd sayes that John Dee's printed booke of Spirits, is not above the third part of what was writt, which were in Sir Robert Cotton's library; many whereof were much perished by being buryed, and Sir Robert Cotton bought the field to digge after it.
Meredith Lloyd says that John Dee's printed book of Spirits contains only about a third of what was written, which was in Sir Robert Cotton's library; many of those texts were severely damaged from being buried, and Sir Robert Cotton purchased the land to dig them up.

Memorandum:—he told me of John Dee, etc., conjuring at a poole [LVIII.] in Brecknockshire, and that they found a wedge of gold; and that they were troubled and indicted as conjurers at the assizes; that a mighty storme and tempest was raysed in harvest time, the countrey people had not knowen the like.
Memorandum:—he told me about John Dee, etc., summoning spirits at a pool [LVIII.] in Brecknockshire, and that they discovered a wedge of gold; and that they were worried and charged as conjurers at the court dates; that a huge storm and tempest arose during harvest time, the local people had never seen anything like it.

[LVIII.] Vide Almanac, about the poole in Brecon.
[LVIII.] See Almanac, about the pool in Brecon.

His picture in a wooden cutt is at the end of Billingsley's Euclid, but Mr. Elias Ashmole hath a very good painted copie of him from his sonne Arthur. He had a very fair, clear [800] complexione (as Sir Henry Savile); a long beard as white as milke. A very handsome man.
His picture in a wooden frame is at the end of Billingsley's Euclid, but Mr. Elias Ashmole has a very good painted copy of him from his son Arthur. He had a very fair, clear complexion (like Sir Henry Savile); a long beard as white as milk. A very handsome man.

Investigatio cinerum △
Ash Investigation △

Old goodwife Faldo [DR] (a natif of Mortlak in Surrey), 80+ aetatis (1672 [801]), did know Dr. Dee, and told me he dyed at his howse in Mortlack, next to the howse where the tapistry hangings are made, viz. west of that howse; and that he dyed about 60+, 8 or 9 yeares since (January, 1672), and lies buried in the chancell, and had a stone [Pg 213](marble) upon him. Her mother tended him in his sicknesse. She told me that he did entertain the Polonian ambassador at his howse in Mortlak, and dyed not long after; and that he shewed the eclipse with a darke roome to the said ambassador [LIX.]. She beleeves that he was eightie years old when he dyed. She sayd, he kept a great many stilles goeing. That he layd the storme Sir Everard Digby. That the children dreaded him because he was accounted a conjurer. He recovered the basket of cloathes stollen, when she and his daughter (both girles) were negligent: she knew this.
Old Mrs. Faldo [DR] (a native of Mortlake in Surrey), over 80 years old (1672 [801]), knew Dr. Dee and told me that he died at his house in Mortlake, next to the house where the tapestry hangings are made, specifically west of that house; and that he passed away about 60 years old, 8 or 9 years ago (January, 1672), and is buried in the chancel, with a marble stone[Pg 213] on him. Her mother took care of him during his illness. She mentioned that he hosted the Polish ambassador at his house in Mortlake and died shortly after; and that he demonstrated the eclipse using a dark room to the ambassador [LIX.]. She believes he was eighty years old when he died. She said he kept a lot of stills running. That he calmed the storm of Sir Everard Digby. The children feared him because he was considered a conjurer. He recovered a basket of clothes that was stolen when she and his daughter (both girls) were careless: she knew this.

[LIX.] A Brief History of Muscovia, by Mr. John Milton, Lond. 1682, pag. 100, scil. 1588. 'Dr. Giles Fletcher went ambassador from the Queen to Pheodor then emperour; whose relations, being judicious and exact, are best read entirely by themselves. This emperour, upon report of the great learning the mathematician, invited him to Mosco, with offer of two thousand pound a-yeare, and from Prince Boris one thousand markes; to have his provision from the emperor's table, to be honourably recieved, and accounted as one of the chief men in the land. All which Dee accepted not.'
[LIX.] A Brief History of Muscovia, by Mr. John Milton, Lond. 1682, pag. 100, scil. 1588. 'Dr. Giles Fletcher was sent as an ambassador from the Queen to Feodor, who was then the emperor. His accounts are insightful and thorough, best read in full by themselves. This emperor, hearing about the great knowledge of the mathematician, invited him to Moscow, offering two thousand pounds a year, along with one thousand marks from Prince Boris; he would have his meals served from the emperor's table, be received with honor, and be regarded as one of the most important figures in the country. Dee, however, declined all these offers.'

He is buried (upon the matter) in the middest of the chancell, a little towards the south side. She sayd, he lies buried in the chancell between Mr. Holt and Mr. Miles, both servants to queen Elizabeth, and both have brasse inscriptions on their marble, and that there was on him a marble, but without any inscription, which marble is removed; on which old marble is signe of two or three brasse pinnes. A daughter of his (I thinke, Sarah) maried to a flax-dresser, in Southwarke: quaere nomen.
He is buried (on the matter) in the middle of the chancel, a little toward the south side. She said he lies buried in the chancel between Mr. Holt and Mr. Miles, both servants of Queen Elizabeth, and both have brass inscriptions on their marble. There was a marble for him as well, but without any inscription, which has been removed; the old marble shows signs of two or three brass pins. A daughter of his (I think it was Sarah) married a flax-dresser in Southwark: the name is to be queried.

He dyed within a yeare, if not shortly, after the king of Denmark was here: vide Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle and Capt. Wharton's Almanac.
He passed away within a year, if not shortly after, the king of Denmark was here: see Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle and Capt. Wharton's Almanac.

[802]He built the gallery in the church at Mortlak. Goody Faldo's father was the carpenter that work't it.
[802]He built the gallery in the church at Mortlak. Goody Faldo's father was the carpenter who worked on it.

A stone was on his grave, which is since removed. At the upper end of the chancell then were steppes, which in Oliver's dayes were layd plaine by the minister, and then 'twas removed. The children when they played in the church would runne to Dr. Dee's grave-stone. She told me that he forewarned Q. Elizabeth of Dr. Lopez attempt against her (the Dr. bewrayed, —— himselfe).
A stone was on his grave, which has since been removed. At the upper end of the chancel, there were steps that were made flat by the minister during Oliver's time, and then it was taken away. The children, when they played in the church, would run to Dr. Dee's gravestone. She told me that he warned Queen Elizabeth about Dr. Lopez's plot against her (the doctor revealed it himself).

He used to distill egge-shells, and 'twas from hence[Pg 214] that Ben Johnson had his hint of the alkimist, whom he meant.
He used to extract substances from eggshells, and it was from this[Pg 214] that Ben Johnson got his idea for the alchemist he intended.

He was a great peace-maker; if any of the neighbours fell out, he would never lett them alone till he had made them friends.
He was a great peacemaker; if any of the neighbors had a disagreement, he wouldn't leave them alone until he had helped them make up.

He was tall and slender. He wore a gowne like an artist's gowne, with hanging sleeves, and a slitt.
He was tall and slim. He wore a gown like an artist's gown, with flowing sleeves and a slit.

A mighty good man he was.
A really good man he was.

He was sent ambassador for Queen Elizabeth (shee thinkes) into Poland.
He was sent as an ambassador for Queen Elizabeth (she thinks) to Poland.

Memorandum:—his regayning of the plate for ...'s butler, who comeing from London by water with a basket of plate, mistooke another basket that was like his. Mr. J. Dee bid them goe by water such a day, and looke about, and he should see the man that had his basket, and he did so; but he would not gett the lost horses, though he was offered severall angells. He told a woman (his neighbour) that she laboured under the evill tongue of an ill neighbour (another woman), which came to her howse, who he sayd was a witch.
Memorandum:—his reclaiming of the plate for ...'s butler, who was coming from London by boat with a basket of plate, mistakenly grabbed another basket that looked like his. Mr. J. Dee told them to go by water on a specific day and keep an eye out, and they would see the man who had his basket, which they did; however, he wouldn’t retrieve the lost horses, even though he was offered several coins. He told a woman (his neighbor) that she was suffering from the evil words of a bad neighbor (another woman) who came to her house, and he said she was a witch.

In J. David Rhesus' British Grammar, p. 60:—'Juxta Crucis amnem (Nant y groes), in agro Maessyuetiano, apud Cambro-brytannos, erat olim illustris quaedam Nigrorum familia, unde Joan Du, id est, Johannes ille cognomento Niger, Londinensis, sui generis ortum traxit: vir certe ornatissimus et doctissimus, et omnium hac nostra aetate tum Philosophorum tum Mathematicorum facile princeps: monadis illius Hieroglyphicae et Propaedeumatum aphoristicorum de praestantioribus quibusdam Naturae virtutibus, aliorumque non paucorum operum insignium autor eximius. Vir praeterea ob tam multam experientiam frequenti sua in tot transmarinas regiones peregrinatione comparatam, rerum quamplurimarum et abditarum peritissimus.'
In J. David Rhesus' British Grammar, p. 60:—'Near the River Crucis (Nant y groes), in the area of Maessyuetiano, among the Welsh Britons, there was once a notable Nigrorum family, from which Joan Du, that is, Johannes known as Niger, originated in London: a truly distinguished and learned man, easily the leading figure among philosophers and mathematicians of our time: an exceptional author of that Hieroglyphic Monad and the aphorisms of Propaedeumata on some of nature's most remarkable qualities, as well as many other significant works. Additionally, due to his extensive experience gained from frequent travels across many foreign lands, he was highly knowledgeable in numerous intricate matters.'

Notes.

[DO] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36, Aubrey gives the horoscope, with astrological notes, e.g. that there is 'a reception between Saturn and Luna,' that 'Jupiter is in his exaltation and lord of the ascendant,' etc.
[DO] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36, Aubrey provides the horoscope along with astrological notes, such as that there is 'a reception between Saturn and Luna,' and that 'Jupiter is in his exaltation and lord of the ascendant,' etc.

[DP] In MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6, Aubrey notes:—'vide the new additions in John Dee's life.' This perhaps refers to MS. Aubr. 6, foll. 36-38, as being additional to the paper which he here says he left with Ashmole.
[DP] In MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6, Aubrey notes:—'see the new additions in John Dee's life.' This might refer to MS. Aubr. 6, foll. 36-38, as being extras to the document he mentions he left with Ashmole.

[DQ] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37, Aubrey gives in colours the coat, 'gules, a lion rampant within a bordure indented or,' adding the note:—'Memorandum in the scutcheon at the beginning of his preface the bordure is engrailed: I believe that is the truest, for 'twas donne with care—sed quaere.'
[DQ] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37, Aubrey shows in color the coat of arms, 'red, a lion standing upright within a scalloped gold border,' adding the note:—'Note that in the shield at the start of his preface the border is wavy: I think that's the most accurate, because it was done carefully— but check it out.'

In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36^v, he gives in trick the coat for Dee's match '1578, Febr. 5,' with Jane Fromundz, viz.:—'in the 1 and 6, gules, a lion rampant within a bordure engrailed or [Dee]; in the 2, or, a lion rampant gules [...]; in the 3, ..., a lion rampant crowned sable [ ...]; in the 4, azure, a lion rampant ... [Dun]; in the 5, argent, on 2 bends gules 6 cross crosslets or [ ...],' as the coat of John Dee; impaling 'per chevron ermines and gules, a chevron between 3 fleur de lys or' [Fromundz], for Jane Fromundz. The motto is 'A Domino factum est istud.'
In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 36^v, he presents the coat of arms for Dee's match on 'February 5, 1578,' with Jane Fromundz, which includes:—'in the 1 and 6, red, a lion standing within a bordure engraved in gold [Dee]; in the 2, gold, a lion standing red [...]; in the 3, ..., a crowned black lion [...]; in the 4, blue, a lion standing ... [Dun]; in the 5, silver, on 2 red bends 6 gold cross crosslets [...],' representing the coat of John Dee; combined with 'per chevron ermine and red, a chevron between 3 gold fleur-de-lis' [Fromundz], for Jane Fromundz. The motto is 'A Domino factum est istud.'

[DR] Aubrey's conversation with 'goodwife Faldo,' written down at the time (Oct. 22, 1672), is found in a letter to Anthony Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 192.
[DR] Aubrey's chat with 'goodwife Faldo,' recorded back then (Oct. 22, 1672), is included in a letter to Anthony Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 192.

[Pg 215]
[Pg 215]

Thomas Deere (1639/40-16..).

[803]Thomas Deere, natus March 15º, 1639, 15^h 7´ P.M., at New Sarum—John Gadbury's advice, 1 April, 1676.
[803]Thomas Deere, born March 15, 1639, at 3:07 PM, in New Sarum—John Gadbury's advice, April 1, 1676.

[804]Thomas Deare's letter:—
Thomas Deare's letter:—

'From Stackton in parochia de Fordingbridge, die Jovis [805], 9 Martii, 1675/6, 2^h 30´ P.M.
'From Stackton in the parish of Fordingbridge, Thursday [805], 9th March, 1675/6, 2:30 PM

The Accydents of the native, etc.
The Accydents of the native, etc.

In November 1655, aged 15 yeare 8 moneths, went to London, to a master, a clerke in the Kinge's Bench.
In November 1655, at 15 years and 8 months old, I went to London to work for a master, a clerk in the King’s Bench.

In November followinge, aged 16 yeare 8 moneths, had the small pox.
In November of the following year, at 16 years and 8 months old, I had the smallpox.

In February and March 1658, an ague and feavor.
In February and March 1658, there was a fever and chills.

At the same tyme an uncle (the mother's brother) dyed, which gave the native a good legacy.
At the same time, an uncle (the mother's brother) died, which left the native a nice inheritance.

In 1661, purchased an estate.
In 1661, bought an estate.

In August 1662, hee marryed, which was one of the worst acts that etc.
In August 1662, he got married, which was one of the worst decisions that etc.

In July 1663, hee had a sonn born, etc.
In July 1663, he had a son born, etc.

In June 1667, another sone.
In June 1667, another song.

In the same yeare in September, his father dyed etc., aged 70 etc.
In the same year in September, his father died, etc., at the age of 70, etc.

In 1666, a very great feavor; in <16>67, another; in '68, a surfeite which caused another , etc.
In 1666, a severe fever; in 1667, another; in 1668, a surplus that caused another fever, etc.

In May '71, another sunn which lived but a fortnight, etc.
In May '71, another sunn that lasted only two weeks, etc.

Many other accidents there are and remarkeable, but [Pg 216]I suppose 3 or 4 or but 2 of these may doe well enough [806] etc. Yet as to preferrment, etc.—In Aug. 1667, I was courted by the old earle of Pembrook [807] to be his chiefe steward; but, hee always vexed with false informations against me, I left his ymployment.'
Many other accidents are notable, but [Pg 216]I think 3 or 4, or maybe just 2 of these would be enough [806] etc. However, regarding advancement, etc.—In August 1667, I was approached by the old Earl of Pembroke [807] to be his chief steward; but since he was always troubled by false information about me, I left his employment.

[808]Memorandum:—Mr. Th. Deer is now (Jan. 1677/8) in prison at Fisherton-Anger.
[808]Memorandum:—Mr. Th. Deer is currently (Jan. 1677/8) in prison at Fisherton-Anger.

Gideon de Laune (1565?-1659).

[809]... De Laune:—he was apothecary to Mary the queen mother: came into England....
[809]... De Laune:—he was a pharmacist to Mary, the queen mother: came into England....

He was a very wise man, and as a signe [810] of it left an estate of 80,000 li.
He was a very wise man, and as a sign of it left an estate of 80,000 li.

Sir William Davenant was his great acquaintance and told me of him, and that after his returne into England he went to visit him, being then octogenary, and very decrepit with the gowt, but had his sight and understanding. He had a place made for him in the kitchen chimney; and, non obstante he was master of such an estate, Sir William sawe him slighted not only by his daughter-in-lawe, but by the cooke-mayd, which much affected him—misery of old age.
Sir William Davenant was a close acquaintance of his and told me about him. After his return to England, he went to visit him, who was then in his eighties and very frail due to gout, but still had his sight and understanding. They made a spot for him in the kitchen chimney; even though he was the master of such an estate, Sir William saw him being looked down upon not only by his daughter-in-law but also by the kitchen maid, which troubled him—such is the misery of old age.

He wrote a booke of prudentiall advice, in quadrans, 8vo, in English verse, which I have seen, and there are good things in it.
He wrote a book of practical advice, in quarters, 8vo, in English verse, which I have seen, and there are good things in it.

Sir John Denham (1615-1668/9).

[811]Sir John Denham was unpolished with the small-pox: otherwise a fine complexion.
[811]Sir John Denham had an imperfect skin due to smallpox; otherwise, he had a nice complexion.

[812]From Anthony Wood:—in the Matriculation booke he finds it thus written—'Johannes Denham, Essex, filius Johannis Denham de Horseley parva in com. praed., militis, aetat. 16, 1631.'
[812]From Anthony Wood:—in the Matriculation book he finds it written like this—'Johannes Denham, Essex, son of Johannes Denham of Horseley Parva in the county of Praed., knight, age 16, 1631.'

[813]Sir John Denham [DS], Knight of the Bath, was borne at Dublin in Ireland, anno Domini....
[813]Sir John Denham [DS], Knight of the Bath, was born in Dublin, Ireland, in the year of our Lord....

[Pg 217]
[Pg 217]

Quaere Dr. Buzby if he was a Westminster schollar—I have forgot. Anno ... he was admitted of Trinity Colledge in Oxford, where he stayed.... His tutor there was.... I have heard Mr. Josias Howe say that he was the dreamingst young fellow; he never expected such things from him as he haz left the world. When he was there he would game extremely; when he had played away all his money he would play away his father's wrought rich gold cappes.
Ask Dr. Buzby if he was a Westminster scholar—I can't remember. In the year ... he was admitted to Trinity College in Oxford, where he stayed.... His tutor there was.... I heard Mr. Josias Howe say that he was the most daydreaming young man; he never expected the things he achieved before leaving this world. While he was there, he would play a lot; when he lost all his money, he would gamble away his father's intricately designed gold caps.

His father was Sir John Denham, one of the Barons of the Exchequer. He had been one of the Lords Justices in Ireland: he maried Ellenor [LX.], one of the daughters of Sir Garret Moore, knight, lord baron of Mellifont, in the kingdome of Ireland, whom he maried during his service in Ireland in the place of Chief Justice there.
His father was Sir John Denham, one of the Barons of the Exchequer. He had served as one of the Lords Justices in Ireland. He married Ellenor [LX.], one of the daughters of Sir Garret Moore, knight, lord baron of Mellifont, in the kingdom of Ireland, whom he married while he was serving as Chief Justice there.

[LX.] She was a beautifull woman, as appeares by her monument at Egham. Sir John, they say, did much resemble his father.
[LX.] She was a beautiful woman, as is evident from her monument at Egham. People say that Sir John looked a lot like his father.

From Trinity Colledge he went to Lincolnes-Inne, where (as judge Wadham Windham [814], who was his contemporary, told me) he was as good a student as any in the house. Was not suspected to be a witt.
From Trinity College, he went to Lincoln's Inn, where (as Judge Wadham Windham [814], who was his contemporary, told me) he was as good a student as anyone in the house. He was not suspected to be a wit.

At last, viz. 1640, his play of The Sophy came out, which did take extremely: Mr. Edmund Waller sayd then of him, that he broke-out like the Irish Rebellion [LXI.]—threescore thousand strong, before any body was aware [815].
At last, in 1640, his play The Sophy was released, and it became incredibly popular. Mr. Edmund Waller remarked at the time that he burst onto the scene like the Irish Rebellion [LXI.]—sixty thousand strong, before anyone even noticed [815].

[LXI.] His play came out at that time.
[LXI.] His play was released at that time.

He was much rooked by gamesters, and fell acquainted with that unsanctified crew, to his ruine. His father had some suspition of it, and chid him severely, wherupon his son John (only child) wrot a little essay in 8vo, printed ..., Against [LXII.] gameing and to shew the vanities and inconveniences of it, which he presented to his father to let him know his detestation of it [DT]. But shortly after his father's death [LXIII.] (who left 2,000 or [Pg 218]1,500 li. in ready money, 2 houses well furnished, and much plate) the money was played away first, and next the plate was sold. I remember about 1646 he lost 200 li. one night at New-cutt. Anno ... (I ghesse 1642) he was high-sheriff of the countie of Surrey.
He was really taken advantage of by gamblers and got involved with that corrupt group, which led to his downfall. His father suspected something was wrong and scolded him harshly. In response, his son John (his only child) wrote a short essay in 8vo, printed ..., Against [LXII.] gambling and to show the vanities and inconveniences of it, which he presented to his father to express his disgust for it [DT]. But shortly after his father's death [LXIII.] (who left £2,000 or £1,500 in cash, two furnished houses, and a lot of silver), the money was lost first, and then the silver was sold. I remember around 1646 he lost £200 in one night at New-cutt. In the year ... (I guess 1642) he was the high sheriff of Surrey.

[LXII.] Vide Justus Turcaeus [816] de lusu aleae, where he proves 'tis a disease and that it proceeds from pride, and that the Spaniards (the proudest nation) are most [817] addicted to it.
[LXII.] See Justus Turcaeus [816] on the gambling disease, where he shows it's an illness and that it comes from pride, and that the Spaniards (the most prideful nation) are the most [817] addicted to it.

[LXIII.] January 6, 1638 [818], sepult. at Egham in Surrey.
[LXIII.] January 6, 1638 [818], buried at Egham in Surrey.

At the beginning of the civill warre he was made governor of Farnham-castle for the king, but he was but a young soldier, and did not keepe it. In 1642/3, after Edghill fight, his poeme called Cowper's Hill was printed at Oxford, in a sort of browne paper, for then they could gett no better.
At the start of the civil war, he was appointed governor of Farnham Castle for the king, but he was just a young soldier and didn't hold onto it. In 1642/43, after the Battle of Edghill, his poem called Cowper's Hill was printed in Oxford on some brown paper, as they couldn't find anything better at the time.

1646/7 (quaere) he conveyed, or stole away, the two dukes of Yorke and Glocester from St. James's (from the tuition of the earle of Northumberland), and conveyed them into France to the Prince of Wales and Queen-mother. King Charles II sent him and the lord Culpepper envoyes to the king of Poland,....
1646/7 (inquire) he took, or secretly removed, the two dukes of York and Gloucester from St. James's (under the care of the Earl of Northumberland), and transported them to France to join the Prince of Wales and Queen Mother. King Charles II sent him and Lord Culpepper as envoys to the king of Poland,....

Anno 1652, he returned into England, and being in some straights was kindly entertayned by the earle of Pembroke at Wilton, where I had the honour to contract an acquaintance with him. Here he translated the ... booke of Vergil's Æneis, and also burlesqu't it [LXIV.]: quaere Mr. Christopher Wase who was then there, tutor to William [819], lord Herbert. He was, as I remember, a yeare with my lord of Pembroke at Wilton and London; he had then sold all the lands his father had left him.
In 1652, he returned to England and, facing some difficulties, was graciously entertained by the Earl of Pembroke at Wilton, where I had the honor of getting to know him. Here, he translated the ... book of Virgil's Aeneid, and also made a humorous version of it [LXIV.]: ask Mr. Christopher Wase who was there at the time, serving as tutor to William [819], Lord Herbert. If I recall correctly, he spent a year with the Earl of Pembroke in Wilton and London; he had then sold all the lands his father left him.

[LXIV.] He burlesqued Virgil, and burnt it, sayeing that 'twas not fitt that the best poet should be so abused.—From Mr. Christopher Wase.
[LXIV.] He mocked Virgil and burned it, saying that it wasn't right for the greatest poet to be treated that way.—From Mr. Christopher Wase.

His first wife was the daughter and heire of ... Cotton, of ... in Glocestershire, by whom he had 500 li. per annum, one son and two daughters.[820]His son did not patrem sapere. He was of Wadham College [821] in Dr. Wilkins's time: he dyed sine prole, I thinke, there.—One of his daughters is maried to ... Morley, of Sussex, esq.; the other....
His first wife was the daughter and heir of ... Cotton, of ... in Gloucestershire, with whom he had an income of 500 li. per year, one son and two daughters.[820]His son did not inherit his father’s intellect. He was at Wadham College [821] during Dr. Wilkins's time: he died sine prole, I believe, there.—One of his daughters is married to ... Morley, of Sussex, esq.; the other....

He was much beloved by King Charles the First, who much valued him for his ingenuity. He graunted him the reversion of the surveyor of his majestie's buildings, after [Pg 219]the decease of Mr. Inigo Jones; which place, after the restauration of King Charles II he enjoyed to his death, and gott seaven thousand pounds, as Sir Christopher Wren told me of, to his owne knowledge. Sir Christopher Wren was his deputie.
He was greatly admired by King Charles the First, who highly appreciated his creativity. The king granted him the position of surveyor of his majesty's buildings, set to take effect after the death of Mr. Inigo Jones; he held that position until the restoration of King Charles II, and he earned seven thousand pounds, as Sir Christopher Wren told me from his own experience. Sir Christopher Wren was his deputy.

Anno Domini 166.. he maried his 2d wife, Brookes, a very beautifull young lady; Sir John was ancient and limping. The duke of Yorke fell deepely in love with her, though (I have been morally assured) he never had carnall knowledge of her. This occasioned Sir John's distemper of madnesse in 166.., which first appeared when he went from London to see the famous free-stone quarries at Portland in Dorset, and when he came within a mile of it, turned back to London again, and did [822] not see it. He went to Hownslowe, and demanded rents of lands he had sold many yeares before; went to the king, and told him he was the Holy Ghost. But it pleased God that he was cured of this distemper, and writt excellent verses (particularly on the death of Mr. Abraham Cowley) afterwards. His 2d lady had no child; was poysoned by the hands of Co. of Roc.[823] with chocolatte.
In the year 166.., he married his second wife, Brookes, a very beautiful young lady; Sir John was old and limping. The Duke of York fell deeply in love with her, although (I have been reliably informed) he never had any sexual relations with her. This led to Sir John's episodes of madness in 166.., which first manifested when he traveled from London to see the famous free-stone quarries at Portland in Dorset. Upon getting within a mile of it, he turned back to London without seeing it. He went to Hownslowe and demanded rents for lands he had sold many years ago; he went to the king and claimed he was the Holy Ghost. Fortunately, he was cured of this condition and went on to write excellent verses (especially on the death of Mr. Abraham Cowley) afterward. His second wife had no children and was poisoned by Co. of Roc.[823] with chocolate.

At the coronation of King Charles II he was made Knight of the Bath.
At the coronation of King Charles II, he was made a Knight of the Bath.

He dyed (vide A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) at the house of his office (which he built, as also the brick-buildings next the street in Scotland-yard), and was buried, anno Domini 1668/9, March the 23, in the south crosse aisle of Westminster Abbey, neer Sir Jeffrey Chaucer's monument, but hitherto (1680) without any memoriall for him.
He died (see A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) at his office (which he built, along with the brick buildings next to the street in Scotland Yard), and was buried on March 23, 1668/9, in the south cross aisle of Westminster Abbey, near Sir Jeffrey Chaucer's monument, but as of 1680, there is still no memorial for him.

Memorandum:—the parsonage-house at Egham (vulgarly called The Place) was built by baron Denham; a house very convenient, not great, but pretty, and pleasantly scituated, and in which his son, Sir John, (though he had better seates), did take most delight in. He sold it to John Thynne, esq. In this parish is a place called Cammomill-hill, from the cammomill that growes there [Pg 220]naturally; as also west of it is Prune-well-hill (formerly part of Sir John's possessions), where was a fine tuft of trees, a clear spring, and a pleasant prospect to the east, over the levell of Middlesex and Surrey. Sir John tooke great delight in this place, and was wont to say (before the troubles) that he would build there a retiring-place to entertaine his muses; but the warres forced him to sell that as well as the rest. He sold it to Mr. ... Anstey. In this parish W. and by N. (above Runney Meade) is Cowper's Hill, from whence is a noble prospect, which is incomparably well described by that sweet swan, Sir John Denham; printed first at Oxon shortly after Edghill fight, 1642/3.
Memorandum: The parsonage house at Egham, commonly known as The Place, was built by Baron Denham. It's a convenient house—not large, but nice and pleasantly located—and his son, Sir John, who had better options, enjoyed it the most. He sold it to John Thynne, Esq. In this parish, there's a spot called Cammomill Hill, named for the camomile that grows there naturally; to the west of it is Prune Well Hill (formerly part of Sir John's property), which had a lovely cluster of trees, a clear spring, and a nice view to the east, over the flat land of Middlesex and Surrey. Sir John took great pleasure in this place and often said (before the troubles) that he would build a retreat there to entertain his muses, but the wars forced him to sell it, along with everything else. He sold it to Mr. ... Anstey. In this parish, W. and by N. (above Runney Meade) is Cowper's Hill, from which there is a magnificent view, beautifully described by that sweet poet, Sir John Denham; first printed in Oxford shortly after the battle of Edgehill, 1642/3.

Memorandum:—he delighted much in bowles, and did bowle very well.
Memorandum:—he really enjoyed bowling, and he bowled very well.

He was of the tallest, but a little incurvetting at his shoulders, not very robust. His haire was but thin and flaxen, with a moist curle. His gate was slow, and was rather a stalking (he had long legges), which was wont to putt me in mind of Horace, De Arte Poetica:—
He was one of the tallest, but his shoulders sloped a bit and he wasn't very sturdy. His hair was thin and blond, with a slight curl. He walked slowly and had a shuffling gait (he had long legs), which reminded me of Horace, De Arte Poetica:—

'Hic, while lofty verses are burped up, and it wanders As a birdwatcher focuses intently, a bird falls. In a pit or hole:——

His eie was a kind of light goose-gray, not big; but it had a strange piercingness, not as to shining and glory, but (like a Momus) when he conversed with you he look't into your very thoughts.
His eye was a light goose-gray, not large; but it had a strange intensity, not in terms of shine and brilliance, but (like a Momus) when he talked to you, he seemed to look right into your thoughts.

He was generally temperate as to drinking; but one time when he was a student of Lincolne's-Inne, having been merry at the taverne with his camerades, late at night, a frolick came into his head, to gett a playsterer's brush and a pott of inke, and blott out all the signes between Temple-barre and Charing-crosse, which made a strange confusion the next day, and 'twas in Terme time. But it happened that they were discovered, and it cost him and them some moneys. This I had from R. Estcott [824], esq., that carried the inke-pott.
He usually drank in moderation, but one time when he was a student at Lincoln's Inn, after having a fun night at the tavern with his friends, he thought it would be funny to grab a plasterer's brush and a pot of ink to blot out all the signs between Temple Bar and Charing Cross. This caused quite a mess the next day, especially since it was during the term. Unfortunately, they got caught, and it ended up costing him and his friends some money. I heard this from R. Estcott [824], esq., who carried the ink pot.

[Pg 221]
[Pg 221]

In the time of the civill warres, George Withers, the poet, begged Sir John Denham's estate at Egham of the Parliament, in whose cause he was a captaine of horse. It that G. W. was taken prisoner, and was in danger of his life, having written severely against the king, &c. Sir John Denham went to the king, and desired his majestie not to hang him, for that whilest G. W. lived he should not be the worst poet in England.
During the English Civil War, the poet George Withers requested Sir John Denham's estate at Egham from the Parliament, for which he served as a cavalry captain. It turned out that Withers was captured and faced a death sentence for his harsh writings against the king, among other things. Sir John Denham went to the king and urged him not to execute Withers, suggesting that as long as Withers was alive, he wouldn’t be the worst poet in England.

Scripsit the Sophy: Cowper's Hill: Essay against Gameing: Poems, 8vo, printed anno Domini ...; Cato Major sive De Senectute, translated into English verse, London, printed by H. Heringman, in the New Exchange, 1669.
Scripsit the Sophy: Cowper's Hill: Essay against Gaming: Poems, 8vo, published in the year ...; Cato Major sive De Senectute, translated into English verse, London, printed by H. Heringman, in the New Exchange, 1669.

Memorandum:—in the verses against Gondibert, most of them are Sir John's. He was satyricall when he had a mind to it.
Memorandum:—in the verses about Gondibert, most of them are Sir John's. He could be satirical when he wanted to.

Notes.

[DS] Aubrey gives in colours the coat: 'gules, 3 lozenges ermine [Denham],' surrounded by laurels. He adds the note:—'this coate is in stone and thus coloured, on the roofe or vaulting of the cathedral church at Winchester: Sir John told me his family was originally westerne.' He adds the reference 'vide A. Wood's Hist. Oxon.'
[DS] Aubrey describes the coat of arms in colors: 'red, 3 diamond shapes with ermine [Denham],' surrounded by laurel leaves. He notes:—'this coat is carved in stone and colored this way, on the ceiling or vault of the cathedral church in Winchester: Sir John told me his family originally came from the west.' He also references 'see A. Wood's Hist. Oxon.'

[DT] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 193, writing Oct. 22, 1672, says:—'Sir John Denham wrott an essay against gameing, to shew his detestation of it to his father, printed by N. Brookes, at the Angel in Cornhill. I have it, about 3 or 4 sheetes, 8vo. His name is not to it, but I know 'twas his; and a kinsman of his, that was one of his father's clarkes, gave the copy to Brookes: and Sir John Denham owned it to me.'
[DT] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 193, writing on October 22, 1672, says:—'Sir John Denham wrote an essay against gambling to show his disgust for it to his father, printed by N. Brookes, at the Angel in Cornhill. I have it, about 3 or 4 sheets, 8vo. His name isn’t on it, but I know it was his; and a relative of his, who was one of his father’s clerks, gave the copy to Brookes: and Sir John Denham confirmed it to me.'

René Descartes (1596-1650/1).

[825]Monsieur Renatus Des Cartes,
Monsieur Renatus Des Cartes

'nobilis Gallus, Perroni dominus, summus mathematicus et philosophus; natus Hagae Turonum pridie Calendas Apriles, 1596; denatus Holmiae Calendis Februarii, 1650'—this inscription I find under his picture graved by C. V. Dalen.
'noble Gallus, lord Perroni, a leading mathematician and philosopher; born in Hagae Turonum on the eve of the Calends of April, 1596; died in Stockholm on the Calends of February, 1650'—this inscription I find under his picture engraved by C. V. Dalen.

How he spent his time in his youth, and by what method he became so knowing, he tells the world in his treatise entituled Of Method. The Societie of Jesus glorie in that theyr order had the educating of him. He lived severall[Pg 222] yeares at Egmont (neer the Hague), from whence he dated severall of his bookes. He was too wise a man to encomber himselfe with a wife; but as he was a man, he had the desires and appetites of a man; he therefore kept a good conditioned hansome woman that he liked, and by whom he had some children (I thinke 2 or 3). 'Tis pity but comeing from the braine [826] of such a father, they should be well cultivated. He was so eminently learned that all learned men made visits to him, and many of them would desire him to shew them his ... of instruments (in those dayes mathematicall learning lay much in the knowledge of instruments, and, as Sir H. S.[827] sayd, in doeing of tricks), he would drawe out a little drawer under his table, and shew them a paire of compasses with one of the legges broken; and then, for his ruler, he used a sheet of paper folded double. This from Alexander Cowper (brother of Samuel), limner to Christina, queen of Sweden, who was familiarly acquainted there with Des Cartes.
How he spent his youth and how he became so knowledgeable is detailed in his work titled Of Method. The Society of Jesus takes pride in having educated him. He lived for several years in Egmont (near The Hague), where he dated several of his books. He was too wise to burden himself with a wife; however, being a man, he had natural desires, so he kept a beautiful woman whom he liked, and with whom he had a few children (I believe 2 or 3). It's a shame that, coming from the mind of such a father, they shouldn't receive a good education. He was so extraordinarily learned that all educated people visited him, and many would ask him to show them his tools (at that time, mathematical knowledge heavily relied on understanding instruments, and, as Sir H. S. said, on performing tricks). He would pull out a small drawer from under his table and show them a pair of compasses with one leg broken, and for his ruler, he used a sheet of paper folded in half. This is from Alexander Cowper (brother of Samuel), a painter for Christina, queen of Sweden, who was on familiar terms with Descartes.

[828]Mr. Hobbes was wont to say that had Des Cartes kept himselfe wholy to geometrie that he had been the best geometer in the world. He did very much admire him, but sayd that he could not pardon him for writing in the defence of transubstantiation which he knew to bee absolutely against his judgment [829]—quod N. B.
[828]Mr. Hobbes used to say that if Descartes had focused entirely on geometry, he would have been the best geometer in the world. He admired him greatly but said he couldn't forgive him for writing in defense of transubstantiation, which he knew was completely against his beliefs [829]—quod N. B.

Robert Devereux, earl of Essex (1567-1600/1).

[830]Ex registro capellae Turris London, scil. 1600 [831], 'Robert, earle of Essex, beheaded, Febr. 6th.'
[830]From the record of the chapel of the Tower of London, specifically 1600 [831], 'Robert, earl of Essex, executed on February 6th.'

From my lady Elizabeth, viscountesse Purbec, repeated by her:—
From my lady Elizabeth, Viscountess Purbec, relayed by her:—

1. There is no one, oh no one but you,
Who keeps you away from me, The person my eyes are drawn to see And attentive ears listen with pleasure.
[Pg 223]
2. Others' beauty moves others,
In you, I find all my blessings:
These are the effects of love
To make those who are kind happy.
3. Women trust in fragile beauty,
Just be kind to me,
Always be genuinely kind and fair. For that can't be faked.
4. Dear, please grant me your presence,
That surveighing all your looks Endless volumes I may write
And fill the world with envied books.

5. When viewed after many years All will wonder and despair,
Women, to find a man who is genuinely true,
And men, a woman half as beautiful—

made by Robert, earl of Essex, that was beheaded.
made by Robert, Earl of Essex, who was beheaded.

[832]The tradition is that the bell of Lincoln's-Inne was brought from Cales (Cadiz), tempore reginae Elizabethae, plundered in the expedition [833] under , earl of Essex.
[832]The story goes that the bell of Lincoln's Inn was brought from Cadiz during Queen Elizabeth's reign, taken during the expedition [833] led by , the Earl of Essex.

Sir Everard Digby (1578-1605/6).

[834]Sir Everard Digby (father of Sir Kenelme) scripsit libellum Latinè cui titulus:—
[834]Sir Everard Digby (father of Sir Kenelme) wrote a book in Latin titled:—

Everardi Dygbei de duplici methodo—
Everardi Dygbei in duplicate method—

in 8vo, in dialogues.
in 8vo, in conversations.

I have heard Mr. John Digby say (his grandsonne) that he was the handsomest man (accounted) in England.
I have heard Mr. John Digby say (his grandson) that he was considered the most handsome man in England.

[835]Sir Everard Digby was a most gallant gentleman and one of the handsomest men of his time. He writt something in Latin de methodo, which I did light upon 23 yeares ago at a country man's howse in Herefordshire; and Mr. Francis Potter told me he writt de arte natandi.
[835]Sir Everard Digby was a truly noble gentleman and one of the most attractive men of his time. He wrote something in Latin de methodo, which I came across 23 years ago at a farmer's house in Herefordshire; and Mr. Francis Potter told me he wrote de arte natandi.

'Twas his ill fate to suffer in the powder-plott. When [Pg 224]his heart was pluct out by the executioner (who, secundum formam, cryed 'Here is the heart of a traytor!'), it is credibly reported, he replied, 'Thou liest!' This my lord Bacon speakes of, but not mentioning his name, in his Historia vitae et mortis.
It was his bad luck to suffer in the Gunpowder Plot. When [Pg 224]his heart was pulled out by the executioner (who, according to the procedure, shouted 'Here is the heart of a traitor!'), it is reliably reported that he replied, 'You're lying!' My lord Bacon talks about this, but he doesn't mention his name, in his Historia vitae et mortis.

Sir Kenelm Digby (1603-1665).

[836]Sir Kenelm Digby [DU], knight: he was borne at on the eleventh of June [DV]: see Ben: Johnson, 2d volumne:—
[836]Sir Kenelm Digby [DU], knight: he was born at on June 11 [DV]: see Ben: Johnson, 2nd volume:—

"Observe your actions taken at Scanderoon
" On your birthday, June 11th.

[Memorandum:—in the first impression in 8vo it is thus; but in the folio 'tis my, instead of thy.]
[Memorandum:—in the first impression in 8vo it is thus; but in the folio it's my, instead of thy.]

Mr. Elias Ashmole assures me, from two or three nativities by Dr. Nepier, that Ben: Johnson was mistaken and did it for the ryme-sake.—In Dr. Napier's papers of nativities, with Mr. Ashmole, I find:—'Sir Kenelme Digby natus July 11, 5^h 40´ A.M. 1603, 14 Leo ascending,' and another scheme gives it at '4^h A.M., 26 Cancer ascending'; and there are two others of Cancer and Leo.
Mr. Elias Ashmole tells me, based on a couple of horoscopes by Dr. Richard Napier, that Ben Johnson was mistaken and did it for the rhyme. In Dr. Napier's horoscope papers, with Mr. Ashmole, I find: 'Sir Kenelme Digby born July 11, 5:40 A.M. 1603, with Leo rising,' and another chart shows it at '4:00 A.M., with Cancer rising'; there are also two others for Cancer and Leo.

He was the eldest son of Sir Everard Digby, who was accounted the handsomest gentleman in England. Sir Everard sufferd as a traytor in the gunpowder-treason; but king James restored his estate to his son and heire. Mr. Francis Potter told me that Sir Everard wrote a booke De Arte Natandi. I have a Latin booke of his writing in 8vo:—Everardi [837] Dygbei De duplici methodo libri duo, in dialogues 'inter Aristotelicum et Ramistam,' in 8vo: the title page is torne out.—His second son was Sir John Digby, as valiant a gentleman and as good a swordman as was in England, who dyed (or was killed [LXV.]) in the king's cause at Bridgewater, about 1644.
He was the oldest son of Sir Everard Digby, who was considered the most handsome gentleman in England. Sir Everard suffered as a traitor in the gunpowder plot; however, King James restored his estate to his son and heir. Mr. Francis Potter told me that Sir Everard wrote a book De Arte Natandi. I have a Latin book of his writing in 8vo:—Everardi [837] Dygbei De duplici methodo libri duo, in dialogues 'between Aristotelian and Ramist,' in 8vo: the title page is torn out.—His second son was Sir John Digby, as brave a gentleman and a skilled swordsman as there was in England, who died (or was killed [LXV.]) in the king's cause at Bridgewater, around 1644.

[LXV.] I can easily learne, if you desire it [838].
[LXV.] I can easily learn if you want me to [838].

It happened in 1647 that a grave was opened next to [Pg 225]Sir John Digby's (who was buried in summer time, it seemes), and the flowers on his coffin were found fresh, as I heard Mr. Harcourt (that was executed) attest that very yeare. Sir John died a batchelour.
It happened in 1647 that a grave was opened next to [Pg 225]Sir John Digby's (who was buried in summer, it seems), and the flowers on his coffin were found fresh, just as I heard Mr. Harcourt (who was executed) confirm that same year. Sir John died a bachelor.

Sir Kenelme Digby was held to be the most accomplished cavalier of his time. He went to Glocester hall in Oxon, anno <1618> (vide A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.). The learned Mr. Thomas Allen (then of that house) was wont to say that he was the Mirandula of his age. He did not weare a gowne there [839], as I have heard my cosen Whitney say.
Sir Kenelme Digby was considered the most skilled gentleman of his era. He went to Gloucester Hall in Oxford in the year <1618> (see A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.). The learned Mr. Thomas Allen (who was then at that institution) used to say that he was the Mirandula of his time. He didn't wear a gown there [839], as I have heard my cousin Whitney mention.

There was a great friendship between him and Mr. Thomas Allen; whether he was his scholar I know not. Mr. Allen was one of the learnedest men of this nation in his time, and a great collector of good bookes, which collection Sir Kenelme bought (Mr. Allen enjoyeing the use of them for his life) to give to the Bodlean Library, after Mr. Allen's decease, where they [840] now are.
There was a strong friendship between him and Mr. Thomas Allen; I’m not sure if he was his student. Mr. Allen was one of the smartest men in the country during his time and an avid collector of great books, which collection Sir Kenelme purchased (Mr. Allen keeping the use of them for his lifetime) to donate to the Bodleian Library after Mr. Allen's passing, where they [840] now are.

He was a great traveller, and understood 10 or 12 languages. He was not only master of a good and gracefull judicious stile, but he also wrote a delicate hand, both fast-hand and Roman. I have seen lettres of his writing to the father [841] of this earle of Pembroke, who much respected [842] him.
He was a great traveler and spoke 10 or 12 languages. He not only had a good and graceful writing style, but he also wrote neatly, both in cursive and in print. I've seen letters he wrote to the father [841] of this Earl of Pembroke, who held him in high regard [842].

He was such a goodly handsome person, gigantique and great voice, and had so gracefull elocution and noble addresse, etc., that had he been drop't out of the clowdes [843] in any part of the world, he would have made himselfe respected. But the Jesuites spake spitefully, and sayd 'twas true, but then he must not stay there above six weekes. He was envoyé from Henrietta Maria (then Queen-mother) to Pope where at first he was mightily admired; but after some time he grew high, and [Pg 226]hectored with his holinesse, and gave him the lye. The pope sayd he was mad.
He was such a strikingly handsome man, enormous with a great voice, and had such graceful speech and noble presence, that if he had dropped down from the clouds in any part of the world, he would have commanded respect. However, the Jesuits spoke spitefully and said it was true, but he shouldn't stay there for more than six weeks. He was sent by Henrietta Maria (then Queen Mother) to Pope , where he was initially greatly admired; but after a while, he became arrogant, boasted to his holiness, and insulted him. The pope claimed he was insane.

He was well versed in all kinds of learning. And he had also this vertue [844], that no man knew better how to abound, and to be abased, and either was indifferent to him. No man became grandeur better [845]; sometimes again he would live only with a lackey, and horse with a foote-cloath.
He was knowledgeable in all types of subjects. He also had this virtue [844]: no one understood better how to thrive and how to be humble, and neither state bothered him. No one handled greatness better [845]; sometimes he would live simply with just a servant, and a horse with a blanket.

He was very generous, and liberall to deserving persons. When Abraham Cowley was but 13 yeares old, he dedicated to him a comedy [846], called Love's Riddle, and concludes in his epistle [847]—'The Birch that whip't him then would prove a Bay.' Sir K. was very kind to him.
He was very generous and open-handed to deserving people. When Abraham Cowley was only 13 years old, he dedicated a comedy [846], called Love's Riddle, to him, and ends his letter [847]—'The Birch that whipped him then would prove a Bay.' Sir K. was very kind to him.

When he was at Rome one time, (I thinke he was envoyé from Mary the Queen-mother to Pope ) he contrasted [848] with his holinesse.
When he was in Rome once (I believe he was sent by Mary, the Queen Mother, to Pope ), he compared [848] with His Holiness.

Anno ... (quaere the countesse of Thanet) much against his mother's, etc., consent, he maried that celebrated beautie and courtezane, Mrs. Venetia Stanley, whom Richard earle of Dorset kept as his concubine, had children by her, and setled on her an annuity of 500 li. per annum; which after Sir K. D. maried was unpayd by the earle; and for which annuity Sir Kenelme sued the earle, after mariage, and recovered it. He would say that a handsome lusty man that was discreet might make a vertuose wife out of a brothell-house. This lady carried herselfe blamelessly, yet (they say) he was jealous of her [LXVI.]. She dyed suddenly, and hard-hearted woemen [849] would censure him severely.
Anno ... (see the Countess of Thanet) much against his mother's, etc., wishes, he married the famous beauty and courtesan, Mrs. Venetia Stanley, who had been kept by Richard, Earl of Dorset, had children with him, and was given an annual allowance of 500 li.; which after Sir K. D. married was unpaid by the Earl; and for which allowance Sir Kenelme sued the Earl after marriage and won it. He would say that a handsome, strong man who was sensible could make a virtuous wife out of a woman from a brothel. This lady conducted herself impeccably, yet (they say) he was jealous of her [LXVI.]. She died suddenly, and cold-hearted women [849] would harshly judge him.

[LXVI.] Richard earle of Dorset invited her and her husband once a yeare, when, with much desire and passion he beheld her, and only kissed her hand; Sir Kenelme being still by.
[LXVI.] Richard, the Earl of Dorset, invited her and her husband once a year, when he gazed at her with great desire and passion, and only kissed her hand, with Sir Kenelme still present.

After her death, to avoyd envy and scandall, he retired in to Gresham Colledge at London, where he diverted himselfe with his chymistry, and the professors' good conversation. He wore there a long mourning cloake, a high crowned hatt, his beard unshorne, look't like a hermite, as signes of [Pg 227]sorrowe for his beloved wife, to whose memory he erected a sumptuouse monument, now quite destroyed by the great conflagration. He stayed at the colledge [850] two or 3 yeares.
After her death, to avoid envy and scandal, he withdrew to Gresham College in London, where he occupied himself with his chemistry and enjoyed the company of the professors. He wore a long mourning cloak, a high-crowned hat, and his unshaven beard made him look like a hermit, as signs of sorrow for his beloved wife, in memory of whom he built a lavish monument, which has now been completely destroyed by the great fire. He stayed at the college for two or three years.

The faire howses in Holbourne, between King's street and Southampton street, (which brake-off the continuance of them) were, about 1633, built by Sir Kenelme; where he lived before the civill warres. Since the restauration of Charles II he lived in the last faire house westward in the north portico of Convent garden, where my lord Denzill Hollis lived since. He had a laboratory there. I thinke he dyed in this house—sed quaere.
The fair houses in Holborn, between King's Street and Southampton Street, which interrupted their continuity, were built around 1633 by Sir Kenelme; he lived there before the Civil Wars. After the restoration of Charles II, he lived in the last fair house to the west in the north portico of Covent Garden, where my lord Denzill Hollis lived afterward. He had a laboratory there. I believe he died in this house—though that’s uncertain.

He was, 164.., prisoner for the king (Charles I) at Winchester-house, where he practised chymistry [851], and wrote his booke of [852] Bodies and Soule, which he dedicated to his eldest son, Kenelme, who was slaine (as I take it) in the earle of Holland's riseing [853].
He was, 164.., a prisoner for the king (Charles I) at Winchester House, where he practiced chemistry [851], and wrote his book on [852] Bodies and Soul, which he dedicated to his eldest son, Kenelme, who was killed (as far as I know) in the earl of Holland's uprising [853].

Anno 163 ... tempore Caroli I^mi he received the sacrament in the chapell at Whitehall, and professed the Protestant religion, which gave great scandal to the Roman Catholiques; but afterwards he looked back.
Anno 163 ... at the time of Charles I^mi, he received the sacrament in the chapel at Whitehall and declared his Protestant faith, which caused a huge scandal among Roman Catholics; but later he had second thoughts.

He was a person of very extraordinary strength. I remember one at [854]Shirburne (relating to the earl of Bristoll) protested to us, that as he, being a midling man, being sett in chaire, Sir Kenelme tooke up him, chaire and all, with one arme.
He was an incredibly strong person. I remember one instance at [854]Shirburne (referring to the Earl of Bristol) who insisted to us that, as he, a regular guy, was seated in a chair, Sir Kenelme lifted him and the chair with one arm.

He was of an undaunted courage, yet not apt in the least to give offence. His conversation was both ingeniose and innocent.
He had fearless courage, yet he was not at all likely to offend anyone. His conversation was both clever and innocent.

Mr. Thomas White, who wrote de Mundo, 1641 [855], and Mr. ... Hall of Leige, e societate Jesu, were two of his great friends.
Mr. Thomas White, who wrote de Mundo, 1641 [855], and Mr. ... Hall of Liege, of the Society of Jesus, were two of his close friends.

As for that great action of his at Scanderoon, see the [Pg 228]Turkish Historie. Sir Stradling, of Glamorganshire, was then his vice-admirall, at whose house is an excellent picture of his, as he was at that time: by him is drawen an armillary sphaere broken, and undernethe is writt IMPAVIDUM FERIENT (Horace). See excellent verses of Ben: Johnson (to whome he was a great patrone) in his 2d volumne.
As for that great action of his at Scanderoon, check out the [Pg 228] Turkish History. Sir Edward Stradling, from Glamorganshire, was his vice-admiral at the time, and there’s an amazing portrait of him from that period hanging in his house. It's drawn with a broken armillary sphere, and underneath it, it says IMPAVIDUM FERIENT (Horace). Also, take a look at the excellent verses by Ben Jonson (to whom he was a great patron) in his second volume.

There is in print in French, and also in English (translated by Mr. James Howell), a speech that he made at a philosophicall assembly at Montpelier, 165.. Of the sympathetique powder—see it [856]. He made a speech at the beginning of the meeting of the Royall Society Of the vegetation of plants.
There is a printed version in French, as well as in English (translated by Mr. James Howell), of a speech he gave at a philosophical assembly in Montpelier, 165.. Of the sympathetic powder—see it [856]. He also gave a speech at the start of the Royal Society meeting Of the vegetation of plants.

He was borne to three thousand pounds per annum. His ancient seat (I thinke) is Gote-herst in Buckinghamshire. He had a fair estate also in Rutlandshire. What by reason of the civil warres, and his generous mind, he contracted great debts, and I know not how (there being a great falling out between him and his then only son, John [LXVII.]) he settled his estate upon ... Cornwalleys, a subtile sollicitor [857], and also a member of the House of Commons, who did putt Mr. John Digby to much charge in lawe: quaere what became of it?
He was born into a fortune of three thousand pounds a year. His ancestral home, I believe, is Goteherst in Buckinghamshire. He also had a decent estate in Rutlandshire. Due to the civil wars and his generous nature, he accumulated significant debts. I’m not sure how it happened, but after a major fallout with his only son, John [LXVII.], he settled his estate on ... Cornwalleys, a cunning solicitor [857] and a member of the House of Commons, who put Mr. John Digby to a lot of legal expenses. What happened with that?

[LXVII.] He married ... sister to this present Henry, duke of Norfolke, no child living by her. His 2d wife ... Fortescue, by whom he haz ... Quaere the issue?
[LXVII.] He married ... the sister of the current Henry, the duke of Norfolk, with no living children from that marriage. His 2nd wife ... Fortescue, by whom he has ... Question the children?

Mr. J. D. had a good estate of his owne, and lived handsomely then at what time I went to him two or 3 times in order to your Oxon. Antiqu.; and he then brought me a great book, as big as the biggest Church Bible that ever I sawe, and the richliest bound, bossed with silver, engraven with scutchions and crest (an ostrich); it was a curious velame [858]. It was the history of the family of the Digbyes, which Sir Kenelme either did, or ordered to be donne. There was inserted all that was to be found any where relating to them, out of records of the Tower, rolles, &c. All ancient church monuments were most exquisitely [Pg 229]limmed by some rare artist. He told me that the compileing of it did cost his father a thousand pound. Sir Jo. Fortescue sayd he did beleeve 'twas more. When Mr. John Digby did me the favour to shew me this rare MS., 'This booke,' sayd he, 'is all that I have left me of all the estate that was my father's!' He was almost as tall and as big as his father: he had something [859] of the sweetnesse of his mother's face. He was bred by the Jesuites, and was a good scholar. He dyed at....
Mr. J. D. owned a nice estate and lived comfortably when I visited him a couple of times for your Oxon. Antiqu.; he then showed me a massive book, as big as the largest church Bible I had ever seen, and beautifully bound, adorned with silver, engraved with shields and a crest (an ostrich); it was a magnificent vellum [858]. It contained the history of the Digby family, which Sir Kenelme either created or commissioned. It included everything that could be found about them from records at the Tower, rolls, etc. All ancient church monuments were skillfully illustrated by some exceptional artist. He told me that compiling it cost his father a thousand pounds. Sir Jo. Fortescue believed it was even more. When Mr. John Digby kindly showed me this rare manuscript, he said, 'This book is all I have left of my father's entire estate!' He was almost as tall and as stout as his father and had a hint [859] of the sweetness of his mother's face. He was educated by the Jesuits and was a good scholar. He died at....

Vide in ... Lives when Sir Kenelme dyed.
Vide in ... Lives when Sir Kenelme died.

Sir John Hoskyns enformes me that Sir Kenelme Digby did translate Petronius Arbiter into English.
Sir John Hoskyns informs me that Sir Kenelme Digby translated Petronius Arbiter into English.

Notes.

[DU] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'azure, a fleur de lys argent [Digby]; impaling, argent on a bend azure 3 bucks' heads caboshed or [Stanley]'; and adds the reference 'vide his life in ...' some book, presumably, whose title he had forgot.
[DU] Aubrey includes in a trick the coat:—'blue, with a silver fleur de lys [Digby]; impaling, silver on a blue stripe with 3 gold buck heads [Stanley]'; and adds the reference 'see his life in ...' some book, probably, the title of which he had forgotten.

[DV] 'June' was written; but Aubrey noted in the margin 'Quaere Mr. Ashmole pro nativitate by Dr. Nepier.' The answer to this query is found in MS. Aubr. 23, a slip at fol. 121^v, 'Sir Kenelm Digby natus July 11, 5^h 40´ A.M. 1603; another scheme gives it at 4^h A.M.' Having got this information, Aubrey then struck out 'June' in the text, and substituted 'July'; and added the paragraph which follows.
[DV] 'June' was written; but Aubrey made a note in the margin to 'Ask Mr. Ashmole about the birth time from Dr. Nepier.' The answer to this question is found in MS. Aubr. 23, a note at fol. 121^v, 'Sir Kenelm Digby born July 11, 5^h 40´ AM 1603; another record states it was at 4^h AM' After getting this information, Aubrey then crossed out 'June' in the text, replaced it with 'July', and added the following paragraph.

Venetia Digby (1600-1633).

[860]Venetia Stanley [DW] was daughter of Sir ... Stanley.
[860]Venetia Stanley [DW] was the daughter of Sir ... Stanley.

She was a most beautifull desireable creature; and being matura viro was left by her father to live with a tenant and servants at Enston-abbey [LXVIII.] (his land, or the earl of Derby's) in Oxfordshire; but as private as that place was, it seemes her beautie could not lye hid. The young eagles had espied her, and she was sanguine and tractable, and of much suavity (which to abuse was greate pittie).
She was a truly beautiful and attractive person; and being matura viro, she was left by her father to live with a tenant and servants at Enston-abbey [LXVIII.] (on his land, or the earl of Derby's) in Oxfordshire. But even though that place was quite secluded, it seemed her beauty couldn't stay hidden. Young men had noticed her, and she was lively and easy to approach, with a lot of charm (which would have been a great pity to take advantage of).

[LXVIII.] At the west end of the church here [DX] were two towers as at Welles or Westminster Abbey, which were standing till about 1656. The romes of the abbey were richly wainscotted, both sides and roofe.
[LXVIII.] At the west end of the church here [DX] were two towers like those at Welles or Westminster Abbey, which were still standing until around 1656. The rooms of the abbey were elegantly paneled, on both sides and the ceiling.

In those dayes Richard, earle of Dorset (eldest son [861] and heire to the Lord Treasurer, vide pedegree) [Pg 230]lived in the greatest splendor of any nobleman of England. Among other pleasures that he enjoyed, Venus was not the least. [LXIX.]This pretty creature's fame quickly came to his Lordship's eares, who made no delay to catch at such an opportunity.
In those days, Richard, Earl of Dorset (the eldest son [861] and heir to the Lord Treasurer, see pedigree) [Pg 230] lived in the greatest splendor of any nobleman in England. Among other pleasures he enjoyed, Venus was not the least. [LXIX.] The fame of this beautiful woman quickly reached his Lordship's ears, and he didn’t hesitate to seize such an opportunity.

[LXIX.] Sam. Daniel:—Cheekes of Roses, locks of amber | To b'emprisond in a chamber | etc.
[LXIX.] Sam. Daniel:—Cheeks of roses, hair of amber | To be trapped in a room | etc.

I have now forgott who first brought her to towne, but I have heard my uncle Danvers [862] say (who was her contemporary) that she was so commonly courted, and that by grandees, that 'twas written over her lodging one night in literis uncialibus,
I can't remember who first brought her to town, but I've heard my uncle Danvers [862] say (since he was around at the same time) that she was so frequently pursued, and by wealthy nobles, that one night it was written over her place in capital letters,

PRAY COME NOT NEER,
FOR DAME VENETIA STANLEY LODGETH HERE.
PRAY, DON'T COME NEAR,
FOR LADY VENETIA STANLEY LIVES HERE.

The earle of Dorset, aforesayd, was her greatest gallant, who was extremely enamoured of her, and had [863] one if not more children by her. He setled on her an annuity of 500 li. per annum.
The Earl of Dorset, as mentioned earlier, was her main admirer, who was deeply in love with her and had [863] one, if not more, children with her. He secured for her an annual allowance of 500 li..

Among other young sparkes of that time, Sir Kenelme Digby grew acquainted with her, and fell so much in love with her that he married her, much against the good will of his mother; but he would say that 'a wise man, and lusty, could make an honest woman out of a brothell-house.' Sir Edmund Wyld had her picture [LXX.] (and you may imagine was very familiar with her), which picture is now (vide) at Droitwytch, in Worcestershire, at an inne, where now the towne keepe their meetings. Also at Mr. Rose's, a jeweller in Henrietta-street in Convent garden, is an excellent piece of hers, drawne after she was newly dead.
Among other young people of that time, Sir Kenelme Digby met her and fell so deeply in love that he married her, much to his mother's disapproval; but he would say that 'a wise and strong man could make an honest woman out of a brothel.' Sir Edmund Wyld had her portrait [LXX.] (and you can imagine he was quite familiar with her), which portrait is now (as noted) at Droitwich, in Worcestershire, at an inn, where the town now holds their meetings. Also, at Mr. Rose's, a jeweler on Henrietta Street in Covent Garden, there is an excellent piece of hers, drawn shortly after she passed away.

[LXX.] Venetia Stanley:—her picture is at the earl of Rutland's at Belvoir.—From my cosen Montague.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.
[LXX.] Venetia Stanley:—her picture is at the Earl of Rutland's at Belvoir.—From my cousin Montague.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.

She had a most lovely and sweet-turn'd face, delicate darke-browne haire. She had a perfect healthy constitution; strong; good skin; well proportioned; much enclining to a Bona Roba (near altogether). Her face, a short ovall; darke-browne eie-browe, about which much sweetness, as also in the opening of her eie-lidds. The colour of her [Pg 231]cheekes was just that of the damaske rose, which is neither too hott nor too pale. She was of a just [864] stature, not very tall.
She had a lovely and sweet face with delicate dark brown hair. She had a perfectly healthy body; strong, good skin, and well-proportioned, leaning towards a Bona Roba (almost entirely). Her face was a short oval; her dark brown eyebrows held a lot of sweetness, as did her eyelids. The color of her cheeks was just like that of a damask rose, which is neither too bright nor too pale. She was of a just [864] height, not very tall.

Sir Kenelme had severall pictures of her by Vandyke, &c.[LXXI.] He had her hands cast in playster, and her feet, and her face. See Ben: Johnson's 2d volumne, where he hath made her live in poetrey, in his drawing of her both body and mind:—
Sir Kenelme had several portraits of her by Vandyke, etc.[LXXI.] He had her hands and feet cast in plaster, as well as her face. Check out Ben Johnson's second volume, where he’s captured her in poetry, portraying both her body and mind:—

[LXXI.] Her picture by Vandyke is now at Abermarleys, in Carmarthenshire, at Mr. Cornwalleys' sonne's widowe's (the lady Cornwalleys's) howse, who was the daughter and heire of ... Jones, of Abermarles.
[LXXI.] Her portrait by Vandyke is now at Abermarleys, in Carmarthenshire, at the house of Mr. Cornwalleys's son’s widow (the lady Cornwalleys), who was the daughter and heir of ... Jones, of Abermarles.

'Sitting and ready to be drawn,
What makes these tiffany, silks, and lawns,
Embroidery, feathers, fringe, lace,
"When every limb feels like a face!"—&c.

[865]When these verses were made she had three children by Sir Kenelme, who are there mentioned, viz. Kenelme, George, and John.
[865]When these verses were written, she had three children with Sir Kenelme, who are mentioned here: Kenelme, George, and John.

She dyed in her bed suddenly. Some suspected that she was poysoned. When her head [866] was opened there was found but little braine, which her husband imputed to her drinking of viper-wine; but spitefull woemen would say 'twas a viper-husband who was jealous of her that she would steale a leape. I have heard some say,—e.g. my cosen Elizabeth Falkner,—that after her mariage she redeemed her honour by her strick't living. Once a yeare the earle of Dorset invited her and Sir Kenelme to dinner, where the earle would behold her with much passion, and only kisse her hand.
She suddenly died in her bed. Some suspected that she was poisoned. When they opened her head [866], they found very little brain, which her husband blamed on her drinking viper wine; but spiteful women said it was a jealous husband who feared she would cheat. I’ve heard some, like my cousin Elizabeth Falkner, say that after her marriage she redeemed her reputation by living strictly. Once a year, the Earl of Dorset invited her and Sir Kenelme to dinner, where the Earl would gaze at her with great passion and only kiss her hand.

Sir Kenelme erected to her memorie a sumptuouse and stately monument [867] at ... Fryars [868] (neer Newgate-street) in the east end of the south aisle, where her bodie lyes in a vault of brick-worke, over which are [Pg 232]three steps [869] of black marble, on which was a stately altar of black marble with 4 inscriptions in copper gilt affixed to it: upon this altar her bust of copper gilt, all which (unlesse the vault, which was onely opened a little by the fall) is utterly destroyed by the great conflagration. Among the monuments in the booke mentioned in Sir Kenelm Digby's life, is to be seen a curious draught of this monument, with copies of the severall inscriptions.
Sir Kenelme built a grand and impressive monument to her memory at ... Fryars (near Newgate Street) in the east end of the south aisle, where her body lies in a brick vault. Above it are three steps of black marble, on which there was a stately altar of black marble with four gilt copper inscriptions attached to it. On this altar was her bust made of gilt copper; everything (except for the vault, which was only slightly opened by the fall) was completely destroyed in the great fire. Among the monuments mentioned in the book about Sir Kenelm Digby’s life, there's a detailed drawing of this monument, along with copies of the various inscriptions.

About 1676 or 5, as I was walking through Newgate-street, I sawe Dame Venetia's bust standing at a stall at the Golden Crosse, a brasier's shop. I perfectly remembred it, but the fire had gott-off the guilding: but taking notice of it to one that was with me, I could never see it afterwards exposed to the street. They melted it downe. How these curiosities would be quite forgott, did not such idle fellowes as I am putt them downe!
Around 1676 or '75, while I was walking down Newgate Street, I saw Dame Venetia's bust on display at a stall outside the Golden Cross, a brass shop. I remembered it clearly, but the fire had burned off the gold leaf. When I pointed it out to someone with me, I was never able to see it on display in the street again. They melted it down. How these curiosities would be completely forgotten if there weren't idle people like me to write them down!

Memorandum:—at Goathurst, in Bucks [870], is a rare originall picture of Sir Kenelme Digby and his lady Venetia, in one piece, by the hand of Sir Anthony van Dyke. In Ben. Johnson's 2d volumne is a poeme called 'Eupheme [DY], left to posteritie, of the noble lady, the ladie Venetia Digby, late wife of Sir Kenelme Digby, knight, a gentleman absolute in all numbers: consisting of these ten pieces, viz. Dedication of her Cradle; Song of her Descent; Picture of her Bodie; Picture of her Mind; Her being chose a Muse; Her faire Offices; Her happy Match; Her hopefull Issue; Her ἈΠΟΘΕΩΣΙΣ, or Relation to the Saints; Her Inscription, or Crowne.'
Memorandum:—at Goathurst, in Bucks [870], there's a rare original painting of Sir Kenelme Digby and his wife Venetia, created by Sir Anthony van Dyke. In Ben Jonson's second volume, there's a poem titled 'Eupheme [DY], left for posterity, about the noble lady, Venetia Digby, the late wife of Sir Kenelme Digby, knight, a man skilled in every art: it consists of these ten parts, namely: Dedication of her Cradle; Song of her Descent; Picture of her Body; Picture of her Mind; Her being chosen a Muse; Her Fair Offices; Her Happy Match; Her Hopeful Issue; Her ἈΠΟΘΕΩΣΙΣ, or Relation to the Saints; Her Inscription, or Crown.'

Her picture drawn by Sir Anthony Vandyke hangs in the queene's draweing-roome, at Windsor-castle, over the chimney.
Her portrait painted by Sir Anthony Vandyke hangs in the queen's drawing room at Windsor Castle, above the fireplace.

Venetia Stanley was (first) a miss to Sir Edmund Wyld; who had her picture, which after his death, serjeant Wyld (his executor) had; and since the serjeant's death hangs now in an entertayning-roome at Droitwich in Worcestershire. The serjeant lived at Droitwich.
Venetia Stanley was initially a young woman to Sir Edmund Wyld; he had her portrait, which after his death, Sergeant Wyld (his executor) kept; and now, since the sergeant's death, it hangs in a sitting room at Droitwich in Worcestershire. The sergeant lived in Droitwich.

[Pg 233]
[Pg 233]

Notes.

[DW] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'argent on a bend azure 3 bucks' heads caboshed or [Stanley, earl of Derby].' Another hand has enlarged this first sentence to 'daughter of Sir Edward Stanley of Eynstonn in com. Oxon, son of Sir Thomas Stanley, knight, younger son to Edward, earl of Derby.' A note by 'E. M.' (? Edmund Malone) says, 'This is Anthony Wood's handwriting.' It is certainly not; but it very probably is Sir William Dugdale's, which is sometimes mistaken for Wood's.
[DW] Aubrey, in a playful manner, describes the coat:—'silver on a blue diagonal, with 3 deer heads in profile, gold [Stanley, earl of Derby].' Another individual expanded this initial sentence to 'daughter of Sir Edward Stanley of Eynstonn in Oxfordshire, son of Sir Thomas Stanley, knight, younger son of Edward, earl of Derby.' A note by 'E. M.' (? Edmund Malone) states, 'This is Anthony Wood's handwriting.' However, it is definitely not; but it is very likely to be Sir William Dugdale's, which is sometimes confused with Wood's.

[DX] Einsham abbey is the place meant. See the facsimile in Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 228.
[DX] Einsham Abbey is the intended location. Check the facsimile in Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 228.

[DY] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70^v also, this is quoted, but there scored out, as 'Eupheme, being a poem left to posterity,' &c. There, for 'a Muse,' Aubrey reads 'his Muse.'
[DY] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70^v, this is also mentioned, but it's crossed out as 'Eupheme, being a poem left for future generations,' etc. There, instead of 'a Muse,' Aubrey writes 'his Muse.'

Leonard Digges (15..-1571?).

[871]Jacobus Digges [DZ], m. Philippa, daughter of Johannis Engeham de Berham, gentleman. | de Chart, wife 2^da. | Leonard Diggs, m. Sara, daughter of Wilford, of de Wotton. | Hartridge in the parish of Cranbroke. | +-------------+---------------+---------------+-------------+ | | Maria, Thomas Digges, m. Anna, daughter Anna, wife Sara, wife ... Barber. | heir | Warhami Willie, ... Martyn. | Leonardi. | | +---------------+-------+---------+ | | Jacobus [872] Leonardus Dudlius Digges, of m. Maria, youngest daughter and co-heir of Thomae Kemp of Chilham, knight: currently | (1619) surviving, legate to | the Emperor of Russia. | +-----------------------+-------------+------+---------+----------+ | | Thomas Diggs, first son, gentleman. Johannes, second son. Dudlius, third son. Anna. Elizabetha.

[873]Memorandum this visitation [874] was in anno 1619 by John Philpot.
[873]This visit [874] took place in the year 1619 by John Philpot.

They [875] were, for severall generations, of Barham in Kent. John, the sonne of Roger Digges of Mildenhall (which Roger is the first in this genealogie), vixit tempore Henrici III; and writt then Dig.—Memorandum here are 14 generations or descents to the last line: quod N. B.
They [875] were, for several generations, from Barham in Kent. John, the son of Roger Digges from Mildenhall (and Roger is the first in this genealogy), lived during the time of Henry III; and wrote then Dig.—Note here that there are 14 generations or descents to the last line: quod N. B.

Mr. Leonard Digges translated Claudian de raptu Proserpinae into English, 4to, 1617 and 1628.
Mr. Leonard Digges translated Claudian's de raptu Proserpinae into English, 4to, 1617 and 1628.

[Pg 234]
[Pg 234]

[876]Leonard Digges, esquire, of Wotton [EA] in Kent—he wrote a thin folio called Pantometria, printed 15.. At the end he discourses of regular solids, and I have heard the learned Dr. John Pell say it is donne admirably well. In the preface he speakes of cutting glasses in such a particular manner that he could discerne pieces of money a mile off; and this he saies he setts downe the rather because severall are yet living that have seen him doe it.
[876]Leonard Digges, an esquire from Wotton [EA] in Kent—he wrote a brief folio titled Pantometria, published in 15.. At the end, he talks about regular solids, and I've heard the knowledgeable Dr. John Pell say it's done remarkably well. In the preface, he mentions cutting glasses in such a specific way that he could see coins from a mile away; he states this particularly because several people are still alive who have witnessed him do it.

... Prognostication [EB] everlasting, 4to, 15<64>.
... Prediction__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ everlasting, 4to, 1564.

(A 4to) 'Tectonicon, briefly shewing the exact measuring and speedy reckoning all manner of land, squares, timber, stone, steeples, pillars, globes, etc., for declaring the perfect making and large use of the carpenter's ruler, containing a quadrant geometricall, comprehending also the rare use of the square, and in the end a little treatise opening the composition and appliancie of an instrument called The Profitable Staffe, with other things pleasant and necessarie, most condusible for surveyors, landmeaters, joyners, carpenters, and masons: published by Leonard Digges, gentleman, 1556.'
(A 4to) 'Tectonicon, briefly showing the precise measurements and quick calculations of various lands, squares, timber, stone, steeples, pillars, globes, etc., to explain the proper construction and wide use of the carpenter's ruler, including a geometric quadrant, as well as the unique application of the square, and finally, a short treatise explaining the design and use of an instrument called The Profitable Staff, along with other helpful and enjoyable information, most suitable for surveyors, land measurers, joiners, carpenters, and masons: published by Leonard Digges, gentleman, 1556.'

'L. D. to the Reader—Although many have put forth sufficient and certain rules to measure all manner of superficies, etc., yet in that the art of numbring hath been required, yea, chiefly those rules hid and as it were locked up in strange tongues, they doe profit or have furthered very little, for the most part, yea, nothing at all, the landmeater, carpenter, mason, wanting the aforesayd. For their sakes I am here provoked not to hide but to open the talent I have recieved, yea, to publish in this our tongue very shortly if God give life a volumne containing the flowers of the sciences mathematicall largely applied to our outward practise profitably pleasant to all manner men. Here mine advice shall be to those artificers, that will profit in this or any of my bookes ☞ now published, or that hereafter shall be, first confusedly to read them through, then with more judgement, read at the third reading wittily to practise. So, few things shall be[Pg 235] unknowne. Note, oft diligent reading joyned with ingenious practise causeth profitable labour. Thus most hartely farewell, loving reader, to whom I wish myselfe present to further thy desire and practise in these.'
L. D. to the Reader—Although many have offered clear and reliable rules to measure all sorts of surfaces, the practice of counting has been sought after. However, these rules are often hidden away in unfamiliar languages and have not been very helpful at all, especially for land surveyors, carpenters, and masons who lack this knowledge. For their benefit, I feel motivated to share what I have learned, aiming to publish a volume in our language that includes the essentials of mathematical sciences, applied practically for the benefit and enjoyment of everyone. My advice to those craftsmen who want to gain from my books—both those already published and those to come—is to first read them through casually, then read again with more focus, and finally, on a third reading, practice with intent. That way, few things will be unknown. Remember, frequent diligent reading combined with creative practice leads to productive results. So, I warmly say goodbye, dear reader, to whom I wish I could be there to support your learning and practice in these matters.

The method that carpenters etc. used before this booke was published was very erronious, as he declares.
The method that carpenters and others used before this book was published was very misguided, as he states.

[877]☞ See in the beginning of Digges' Stratiocos, and also towards the later end, concerning him and his father. I remember the sonne sayes there that he was muster-master to the States of Holland: and see more concerning his father (who was an esquire of Chilham Castle in Kent) in the preface to his Pantometria.—It is an ancient family in Kent. Vide his Ala seu scala Mathematices etc.
[877]☞ See at the beginning of Digges' Stratiocos, and also towards the end, about him and his father. I remember the son mentions there that he was the muster-master for the States of Holland: and see more about his father (who was an esquire of Chilham Castle in Kent) in the preface to his Pantometria.—It is an old family in Kent. Look at his Ala seu scala Mathematices etc.

[878]A prognostication everlasting, once again published by Leonard Digges, gentleman, in the yeare of our Lord 1564;—
[878]A timeless prediction, once again released by Leonard Digges, gentleman, in the year of our Lord 1564;—

in 4to, dedicated to Sir Edward Fines, knight of the garter, lord Clinton and Saye, etc. His first impression was in 1553—'not onely your lordship's tasck move of a prognostication seemed then to make that argument fittest, but also the manifest imperfections and manifold errors yearly committed did crave the ayd of some that were both willing and able to performe the truthe in like matters.'
in 4to, dedicated to Sir Edward Fines, knight of the garter, lord Clinton and Saye, etc. His first impression was in 1553—'not only your lordship's task of a prediction seemed to make that argument most suitable, but also the obvious imperfections and numerous errors committed each year required the help of those who were both willing and capable of presenting the truth in similar matters.'

Notes.

[DZ] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 73^v, Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'gules, on a cross argent five eagles displayed sable [Digges]'; on fol. 72^v, 75^v, he gives the same coat, with the motto
[DZ] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 73^v, Aubrey describes the coat of arms as: 'red, on a silver cross five black eagles displayed [Digges]'; on fol. 72^v, 75^v, he presents the same coat, along with the motto.

IN ARDUA VIRTUS;
In hard work, strength.

on fol. 11, he gives the coat and motto, but adds that there is a crescent 'in medio scuti.'
on fol. 11, he gives the coat and motto, but adds that there is a crescent 'in medio scuti.'

[EA] 'Wotton' is substituted for '... Castle,' to which a marginal note was added, 'I think 'tis Chilham Castle.' In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11, Aubrey wrote:—--'... Digges, esq., of Chilham Castle, Kent—vide prefaces of his Pantometrie and Ala seu Scala Mathematices, etc. His son makes mention of his life in his Stratioticos.'
[EA] 'Wotton' is replaced with '... Castle,' with a note added that says, 'I believe it's Chilham Castle.' In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11, Aubrey wrote:—--'... Digges, Esq., of Chilham Castle, Kent—see the prefaces of his Pantometrie and Ala seu Scala Mathematices, etc. His son mentions his life in his Stratioticos.'

[EB] A pencil note on fol. 73 gives the title, with the press mark in the 1674 Catal. libr. impress. Bibl. Bodl., viz.—'A perpetual prognostication for weather: C. 2. 13. Art.'
[EB] A handwritten note on page 73 provides the title, along with the reference in the 1674 Catal. libr. impress. Bibl. Bodl., specifically—'A continuous forecast for weather: C. 2. 13. Art.'

[Pg 236]
[Pg 236]

Thomas Digges (15..-1595).

[879]Mr. Thomas Digges:—he wrote a booke in 4to, entituled—
[879]Mr. Thomas Digges:—he wrote a book in quarto, titled—

'Stratioticos, compendiously teaching the science of nombres as well in fractions as integers, and so much of the rules and aequations algebraicall and art of nombers cossicall as are requisite for the profession of a soldier; together with the modern militarie discipline, offices, lawes and orders in every well-governed camp and armie inviolably to be observed.'
'Stratioticos, succinctly teaching the science of numbers in both fractions and whole numbers, along with the necessary rules and algebraic equations related to numbers, which are essential for the profession of a soldier; as well as the modern military discipline, duties, laws, and protocols that must be strictly followed in every well-organized camp and army.'

First published by him, 1579, and dedicated 'unto the right honourable Robert, earle of Leicester.' The second edition, 1590.
First published by him in 1579 and dedicated "to the right honorable Robert, Earl of Leicester." The second edition was released in 1590.

He was muster-master generall of all her majestie's forces in the Low Countries, as appeares in page 237.
He was the general muster-master of all Her Majesty's forces in the Low Countries, as noted on page 237.

At the end of this booke (the last paragraph) speaking of 'engins and inventions not usual to be thought on and had in readinesse.'—
At the end of this book (the last paragraph), it talks about 'devices and inventions that are not commonly thought of and kept on hand.'

'Of these and many mo important mattars militare, I shall have occasion at large to dilate in my treatise of great artillerie and pyrotechnie, ☞ whose publication I have for divers due respects hitherto differred.'
'Of these and many more important military matters, I will have the opportunity to elaborate extensively in my work on modern artillery and pyrotechnics, ☞ which I have postponed publishing for various valid reasons.'

He was the onely sonne of the learned Leonard Digges, esqr, of whom he speakes in the preface to his Stratioticos.
He was the only son of the learned Leonard Digges, Esq., whom he mentions in the preface to his Stratioticos.

Pliny, Nat. Hist. lib. vii. cap. 51;—'Una familia Curionum in qua tres continua serie Oratores extiterunt.' In this family have been four learned men in an uninterrupted descent—scilicet, two eminent mathematicians (Leonard and Thomas), Sir Dudley Digges, Master of the Rolles, and his sonne Dudley, fellow of Allsoules College, Oxon.
Pliny, Nat. Hist. lib. vii. cap. 51;—'One family of the Curiones produced three orators in a continuous line.' In this family, there have been four learned individuals in an unbroken lineage—namely, two prominent mathematicians (Leonard and Thomas), Sir Dudley Digges, Master of the Rolls, and his son Dudley, a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.

[880]Alae seu scalae mathematicae, quibus visibilium remotissima coelorum theatra conscendi et planetarum [Pg 237]omnium itinera novis et inauditis methodis explorari, tum hujus portentosi syderis (in Cassiopea) in mundi boreali plaga insolito fulgore coruscantis distantia et magnitudo immensa situsque protinus tremendus indagari Deique stupendum ostentum terricolis expositum cognosci liquidissime possit.
[880]With the help of mathematical tools, we can explore the most distant realms of the heavens, uncovering the paths of all the planets using new and unheard-of methods. We can also investigate the remarkable star in Cassiopeia, its unusual brightness, immense size, and terrifying positioning in the northern sky, making it possible to understand this astounding phenomenon presented to us on Earth. [Pg 237]

Thoma Diggesio, Cantiensi, stemmatis generosi, autore, Lond. 1573.
Thoma Diggesio, from Canterbury, of noble lineage, author, London, 1573.

Dedicated
Committed

'Ad Guliel. Cecilium, praeclariss. ordinis equitem auratum, baronem Burghleium, summumque Angliae Thesaurarium,' etc.
'Ad Guliel. Cecilium, praeclariss. ordinis equitem auratum, baronem Burghleium, summumque Angliae Thesaurarium,' etc.

—luce clarius deprehendi longè supra lunam ipsam esse. Tum demum antiquorum et recentiorum omnium astronomorum modos cometarum et corporum coelestium distantias et magnitudines metiendi quos unquam legeram in animum sevocare coeperam, nec quenquam reperire poteram qui viam huic subtilissimae parallaxi examinandae convenientem demonstravit. Solus igitur, omnium astronomorum antiquorum et recentiorum ope orbatus, (in fluctuanti dubitationum plurimarum pelago jactatus) ad meipsum redii: brevissimoque spatio (foelicibus mathematicis spirantibus auris) portum optatum assequendi varios cursus expeditissimos hactenus a nemine exploratos atque ab omni erroris scopulo tutissimos inveni. Quos in exigui libelli formam redactos honori tuo exhibere decrevi, mei officii testimonium (nisi me fallit Philautia) haud vulgari genio conscriptum, neque brevi temporum curriculo periturum—
—It became clear to me that I was far above the moon itself. Only then did I begin to recall the methods of measuring comets and celestial bodies' distances and sizes that I had ever read from all ancient and more recent astronomers, and I couldn't find anyone who demonstrated an appropriate way to examine this extremely subtle parallax. Thus, alone and deprived of the support of all ancient and modern astronomers, tossed in a turbulent sea of numerous doubts, I returned to myself: and in a very short time (with the fortunate mathematicians breathing their air) I discovered various routes to reach the desired port, the most efficient ones so far unexplored by anyone and safest from all the rocks of error. I decided to present these findings in the form of a small booklet, as a testament to my duty (unless I'm mistaken in my vanity) written by a not ordinary mind, and not destined to perish in a brief span of time—

[881]Praefatio Authoris.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Author's Preface.

Sed plura de hujus stellae historia scribere non decrevi quia eximius vir Johannes Dee (quum in reliqua philosophia admirandus, tum harum scientiarum peritissimus, quem tanquam mihi parentem alterum mathematicum veneror, quippe qui in tenerrimâ meâ aetate plurima harum suavissimarum scientiarum semina menti meae inseruerit, alia a patre meo prius sata amicissime fidelissimeque[Pg 238] nutriverit atque auxerit) hanc sibi tractandam assumpserit materiam quam.... Conatus igitur sum et assequutus variis problematibus demonstrative et practice exactissime parallaxin hujus phaenomeni et cujusvis etiam alterius concludere, licet Saturni Jovis et Martis parallaxeis adeo sint exiguae ut sensuum imbecillitate vix discerni possint. Si tamen ulla arte vere animadverti queant (hoc ausim dicere) aut his nostris sequentibus problematibus aut nullis penitus praeceptis geometricis inveniri posse—Si aequi bonique consuleris, majora (annuenti potentissimo) in posterum promitto, quibus (non probabilibus solummodo argumentis sed firmissimis apodixibus) demonstrabitur verissimam esse Copernici hactenus explosum de terrae motu paradoxum—1573.
But I have decided not to write more about the history of this star because the remarkable man John Dee (who is admirable in the remaining philosophy and extremely knowledgeable in these sciences, whom I respect like a second mathematical father, as he planted many seeds of these delightful sciences in my mind during my early years, while my own father had previously nurtured and cultivated them with utmost loyalty and care) has taken up this subject for himself. Therefore, I have tried and succeeded in determining the parallax of this phenomenon and of any other, through various problems both demonstratively and practically, although the parallaxes of Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars are so tiny that they can hardly be discerned by our senses. However, if any method can truly detect them (I dare say), it would be through our following problems or perhaps entirely through geometric principles—If you consider what is fair and good, I promise greater (with the aid of the most powerful) things in the future, through which (not merely probable arguments but the strongest demonstrations) it will be proved that Copernicus’s previously rejected paradox about the motion of the earth is indeed true—1573.

To these Alae seu Scalae Mr. Digges hath annexed
To these Alae seu Scalae Mr. Digges has added

Parallaticae commentationis praxeos nucleus quidam, Jo. Day—
Parallaticae commentationis praxeos nucleus quidam, Jo. Day—

writ by John Dee, a small treatise, Lond. 1573; and hath writ thus
writ by John Dee, a small treatise, Lond. 1573; and has written this

Lectori Benevolo.
Dear Reader.

—Me autem isti meo opusculo annectere et in lucem simul emittere variae impulere causae—I^ma ne charissimus mihi illius author debita suae inventionis privaretur laude: cum nonnulli fortassis si postea ederetur suspicari possint a meis methodis derivatum fuisse. Fateor equidem adeo late mea sese extendere fundamina ut tum istiusmodi tum plurimi etiam alii nuclei inde excerpi possint, etc.
—But various reasons have pushed me to connect and simultaneously publish my work—I^ma so that my dear author doesn’t lose the credit for his invention: since some might later suspect that their ideas were derived from my methods. I admit that my foundations extend so widely that from them both this type of work and many other ideas can also be drawn, etc.

[882]Pantometria, containing longimetria, planimetria, stereometria—was writ by Leonard Digges, esq., but published by his sonne Thomas Digges esqr. and dedicated to Sir Nicholas Bacon, knight, Lord Keeper, lately reviewed and augmented by the author, printed at London, 1591.
[882]Pantometria, which includes longimetry, planimetry, and stereometry—was written by Leonard Digges, Esq., but published by his son Thomas Digges, Esq., and dedicated to Sir Nicholas Bacon, knight, Lord Keeper. It has been recently reviewed and expanded by the author, printed in London, 1591.

In the preface, thus:—
In the introduction, as follows:—

'But to leave things doone of antiquity long ago, my father, by his continuall painfull practises, assisted with[Pg 239] demonstrations mathematicall, was able, and sundry times hath, by proportionall glasses duely situate in convenient angles, not onely discovered things farre off, read letters, numbred peeces of money with the very coyne and superscription thereof cast by some of his freends on purpose upon downes in open fields but also seven miles off declared what hath been doone at that instant in private places; he hath also at sundry times by the sunne fired powder and discharged ordinance halfe a mile and more distant—which things I am the bolder to report for that there are yet living diverse of these his doeings oculati testes, and many other matters far more strange and rare which I omit as impertinent to this place. But for invention of these conclusions I have heard him say nothing ever helped him so much as the exquisite knowledge he had, by continuall practise, attained in geometricall mensurations.'
But leaving behind the ancient matters, my father, through his constant hard work and with the help of mathematical demonstrations, was able, and several times did, use properly arranged lenses at the right angles to not only see things far away, read letters, and count pieces of money along with the very coins and inscriptions purposely placed by some of his friends on the hills in open fields, but also reported on events happening seven miles away in private places at that very moment. He also, on several occasions, was able to ignite gunpowder and fire cannons from half a mile or more away using the sun—things I confidently share because many witnesses of these events are still alive, along with many other much stranger occurrences that I’ll leave out as irrelevant here. But I’ve heard him say that nothing helped him as much in coming to these conclusions as the exceptional knowledge he gained from continuous practice in geometrical measurements.

Michael Drayton (1563-1631).

[883]Michael Drayton, esq., natus in Warwickshire at Atherston upon Stower (quaere Thomas Mariett).
[883]Michael Drayton, Esq., born in Warwickshire at Atherston upon Stower (check Thomas Mariett).

He was a butcher's sonne. Was a squire; viz. one of the esquires to Sir Walter Aston, Knight of the Bath, to whom he dedicated his Poeme. Sir J. Brawne of ... was a great patron of his.
He was the son of a butcher. He was a squire; specifically, one of the esquires to Sir Walter Aston, Knight of the Bath, to whom he dedicated his poem. Sir J. Brawne of ... was a great supporter of his.

He lived at the bay-windowe house next the east end of St. Dunstan's Church in Fleet-street. Sepult. in north + of Westminster Abbey. The countesse of Dorset [884] (Clifford) gave his monument: this Mr. Marshall (the stone-cutter), who made it, told me so.
He lived in the bay-windowed house next to the east end of St. Dunstan's Church in Fleet Street. Buried in the north of Westminster Abbey. The Countess of Dorset (Clifford) provided his monument; this Mr. Marshall (the stone-cutter) told me so.

Sir Edward Bissh, Clarencieux, told me he asked Mr. Selden once (jestingly) whether he wrote the commentary to his 'Polyolbion' and 'Epistles,' or Mr. Drayton made those verses to his notes.
Sir Edward Bissh, Clarencieux, told me he once jokingly asked Mr. Selden whether he wrote the commentary for his 'Polyolbion' and 'Epistles,' or if Mr. Drayton wrote those verses to go along with his notes.

Vide his inscription given by the countess of Dorset.
Vide his inscription given by the Countess of Dorset.

[Pg 240]
[Pg 240]

In Westminster Abbey, neer Spencer.
In Westminster Abbey, near Spencer.

Michael Drayton, Esquier,
Michael Drayton, Esquire,

A MERCURIE'S CAP IN THE SUN [885].

A PEGASUS885[885].

A memorable poet of this time traded his laurel for
A Crown of Glory, Year 1631.
Doe, pious marble, let your readers know What they and their children owe
To Drayton's name, whose sacred dust We recommend you trust us.
Protect his memory and preserve his story,
Remain a lasting monument to his glory.
And when your ruins shall declare To be the treasurer of his name,
His name, which cannot fade, will be An everlasting tribute to you.

Here is his bust in alablaster. The inscription is on black marble.
Here is his bust in alabaster. The inscription is on black marble.

Mr. Marshall, the stone-cutter, of Fetter-lane, also told me, that these verses were made by Mr. Francis Quarles, who was his great friend, and whose head he wrought curiously in playster, and valued for his sake. 'Tis pitty it should be lost. Mr. Quarles was a very good man.
Mr. Marshall, the stone cutter from Fetter Lane, also told me that these verses were created by Mr. Francis Quarles, who was his close friend. He crafted a detailed bust of him in plaster, which he cherished because of their friendship. It's a shame it should be lost. Mr. Quarles was a very good man.

Sir Erasmus Dryden (1553-1632).

[886]Sir Erasmus Dryden, of in Northamptonshire:—John Dreyden, esq., Poet Laureat, tells me that there was a great friendship between his great grandfather's father [887] and Erasmus Roterodamus, and Erasmus was god-father to one of his sonnes, and the Christian name [Pg 241]of Erasmus hath been kept in the family ever since. The poet's second sonne is Erasmus.
[886]Sir Erasmus Dryden, from in Northamptonshire:—John Dreyden, Esq., Poet Laureate, tells me that there was a close friendship between his great-grandfather's father [887] and Erasmus Roterodamus, and Erasmus was the godfather to one of his sons, and the first name of Erasmus has been kept in the family ever since. The poet's second son is named Erasmus.

And at ..., the seate of the family, is a chamber called 'Erasmus's chamber.'
And at ..., the heart of the family home, there is a room called 'Erasmus's chamber.'

I ghesse that this coate [888]—'azure, a lion rampant and in chief a sphere between 2 estoiles or'—was graunted in Henry 8th's time by the odnesse of the charge.
I guess that this coat [888]—'blue, a lion standing up and at the top a sphere between 2 stars or'—was granted during Henry VIII's reign due to the nature of the charge.

John Dryden (1631-1700).

[889]John Dreyden, esq., Poet Laureate. He will write it [890] for me himselfe.
[889]John Dreyden, Esq., Poet Laureate. He will write it [890] for me himself.

[891]John Dryden, poeta, 19 Aug. 1631, 5^h 33´ 16˝ P.M.
[891]John Dryden, poet, Aug 19, 1631, 5^h 33´ 16˝ PM

[892]'Natus insignis poeta
1631
Aug. 9°, 5^h 53´ P.M.
Latit. 52° North.'
[892]'Born a notable poet
1631
Aug. 9th, 5^h 53´ PM
Latitude 52° North.'

This is the nativity of Mr. John Dreyden, poet laureat, by Mr. John Gadbury, from whom I had it.
This is the birth of Mr. John Dreyden, poet laureate, as told by Mr. John Gadbury, from whom I got this information.

Sir William Dugdale (1605-1685/6).

[893]Sir William Dugdale, Garter, 12 Sept. 1605, 3^h 15´ P.M.
[893]Sir William Dugdale, Garter, September 12, 1605, 3:15 PM

[894]'Sir [EC] William Dugdale avow'd to mee at the time of his birth (10 September, as I thinke, which was the birth day of Francis the first) a swarme of bees came and settled under the window where hee was borne, September 18. Johan. Gybbon.'
[894]'Sir [EC] William Dugdale told me that at the time he was born (September 10, I believe, which is also the birthday of Francis the First), a swarm of bees came and settled under the window where he was born, September 18. Johan. Gybbon.'

Memorandum that Sir William Dugdale did not tell his son or Mr. Gibbons de Edward the Confessor and he laught at it—quod N. B.
Memorandum that Sir William Dugdale did not inform his son or Mr. Gibbons about Edward the Confessor and he laughed at it—quod N. B.

'Sir [ED] William Dugdale was borne September 12, 1605'—from Mr. Gibbons, Blewmantle. That afternoon a swarme [Pg 242]of bees pitch't under his mother's chamber window, as it were an omen of his laborious collections.
'Sir [ED] William Dugdale was born September 12, 1605'—from Mr. Gibbons, Blewmantle. That afternoon, a swarm [Pg 242] of bees settled under his mother's bedroom window, as if it were a sign of his hard work to come.

Notes.

[EC] This is a note in the handwriting of John Gibbon ('Blue Mantle' pursuivant, 1668); followed by a memorandum by Aubrey.
[EC] This is a note written by John Gibbon ('Blue Mantle' pursuivant, 1668); followed by a memo from Aubrey.

[ED] A note by Gibbon, correcting the previous one: followed by a memorandum by Aubrey.
[ED] A note by Gibbon, correcting the previous one: followed by a memo from Aubrey.

Sir John Dunstable.

[895]Sir John Dunstable:—the cellar he calls his library.—Parliament men prepare themselves for the businesse of the nation with ale in the morning. Some justices doe sleepe on the bench every assizes.
[895]Sir John Dunstable:—the basement he refers to as his library.—Parliament members get ready for the country's business with beer in the morning. Some judges doze off on the bench during every session.

[896]At Chippenham the Deputye Lieutenants mett to see the order of the militia, but quales D: Lieutenants tales officiarii. After a taedious setting (at dinner, and drinking after dinner) the drummes beate and the soldiers to march before the windowe to be seen by the Deputy Lieutenants. Justice Wagstaffe [EE] (colonell) had not marcht before 'em many yardes but downe a falls all along in the dirt. His myrmidons, multâ vi, heav'd him up, and then a cryd out 'Some drinke, ho!' and so there was an end of that businesse.
[896]At Chippenham, the Deputy Lieutenants gathered to check on the militia's readiness, but what kind of Deputy Lieutenants are these? After a long session of dinner and drinks afterward, the drums sounded, and the soldiers marched in front of the window for the Deputy Lieutenants to see. Justice Wagstaffe [EE] (colonel) hadn’t gotten far before he tripped and fell into the dirt. His followers quickly lifted him up, and then someone shouted, “Get him some drink!” and that was the end of that.

Note.

[EE] The hero of the anecdote is no doubt Sir John Dunstable. In the Dramatis personae for Aubrey's projected comedy, one of the characters is 'Justice Wagstaffe' (MS. Aubr. 21, p. 2), over which name Aubrey has written 'Sir J. Dunstable,' apparently as the name of the person he meant to copy.
[EE] The main character in the story is definitely Sir John Dunstable. In the Dramatis personae for Aubrey's planned comedy, there’s a character named 'Justice Wagstaffe' (MS. Aubr. 21, p. 2), next to which Aubrey has noted 'Sir J. Dunstable,' seemingly as the name of the person he intended to imitate.

Saint Dunstan (925-988).

[897]I find in Mr. Selden's verses before Hopton's 'Concordance of Yeares,' that he was a Somersetshire gentleman. He was a great chymist.
[897]I see in Mr. Selden's verses before Hopton's 'Concordance of Years' that he was a gentleman from Somerset. He was a great chemist.

The storie of his pulling the devill by the nose with his tongues as he was in his laboratorie [898], was [899] famous in church-windowes. Vide ... Gazaei Pia Hilaria, delicately described.
The story of him pulling the devil by the nose with his tongue while he was in his lab [898], was [899] famous in church windows. See ... Gazaei Pia Hilaria, delicately described.

[Pg 243]
[Pg 243]

He was a Benedictine monke at Glastonbury, where he was afterwards abbot, and after that was made archbishop of Canterbury. He preached the coronation sermon at Kingston, and crowned king . In his sermon he prophesyed, which the Chronicle mentions.
He was a Benedictine monk at Glastonbury, where he later became the abbot, and after that was appointed archbishop of Canterbury. He delivered the coronation sermon at Kingston and crowned King . In his sermon, he made prophecies, as noted in the Chronicle.

Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that there is a booke in print of his de lapide philosophorum; quaere nomen.
Mr. Meredith Lloyd tells me that there is a published book of his on the philosopher's stone; check the name.

Edwardus Generosus gives a good account of him in a manuscript which Mr. Ashmole haz.
Edwardus Generosus provides a detailed description of him in a manuscript that Mr. Ashmole has.

Meredith Lloyd had, about the beginning of the civill warres, a MS. of this Saint's concerning chymistrey, and sayes that there are severall MSS. of his up and downe in England: quaere Mr. Ashmole.
Meredith Lloyd had, around the start of the civil wars, a manuscript from this Saint about chemistry, and says that there are several manuscripts of his scattered around England: ask Mr. Ashmole.

Edwardus Generosus mentions that he could make a fire out of gold, with which he could sett any combustible matter on fire at a great distance. Memorandum:—in Westminster library is an old printed booke, in folio, of the lives of the old English Saints: vide.
Edward the Generous mentions that he could start a fire with gold, allowing him to ignite any flammable material from a distance. Note:—in the Westminster library is an old printed book, in folio, about the lives of the old English saints: see.

Meredith Lloyd tells me that, three or 400 yeares ago, chymistry was in a greater perfection, much, then now; their proces was then more seraphique and universall: now they looke only after medicines.
Meredith Lloyd tells me that, three or four hundred years ago, chemistry was much more advanced than it is now; their processes were more ethereal and universal back then: now they only focus on medicines.

Severall churches are dedicated to him: two at London: quaere if one at Glastonbury.
Several churches are dedicated to him: two in London; check if there's one in Glastonbury.

Sir Edward Dyer (15..-1607).

[900]Sir Edward Dyer, of Somersetshire (Sharpham Parke, etc.), was a great witt, poet, and acquaintance of Mary, countesse of Pembroke, and Sir Philip Sydney. He is mentioned in the preface of the 'Arcadia.' He had four thousand pounds per annum, and was left fourscore thousand pounds in money; he wasted it almost all. This I had from captaine Dyer, his great grandsonne, or brother's great grandson. I thought he had been the sonne of the Lord Chiefe Justice Dyer, as I have inserted in one of these papers, but that was a mistake. The judge was of the same family, the captain tells me.
[900]Sir Edward Dyer, from Somersetshire (Sharpham Park, etc.), was a witty poet and friend of Mary, Countess of Pembroke, and Sir Philip Sidney. He is mentioned in the preface of the 'Arcadia.' He had an income of four thousand pounds a year and inherited eighty thousand pounds in cash; he squandered nearly all of it. I learned this from Captain Dyer, his great-grandson, or his brother's great-grandson. I thought he was the son of Lord Chief Justice Dyer, as I stated in one of these papers, but that was a mistake. The judge was from the same family, according to the captain.

[Pg 244]
[Pg 244]

St. Edmund (1170?-1240).

[901]Seth, lord bishop of Sarum, tells me that he finds Saint Edmund was borne at Abington. He was archbishop of Canterbury. He built the college at Sarum, by St. Edmund's Church: it is now Judge Wyndham's sonne's howse. He resigned his archbishoprick, and came and retired hither. In St. Edmund's church here [902], were windowes of great value. Gundamore [903] offered a good summe for them; I have forgott . In one of them was the picture of God the Father, like an old man (as the fashion was), which much offended Mr. Shervill, the recorder, who in zeale (but without knowledge) clambered up on the pewes [904] to breake the windowe, and fell downe and brake his legg (about 1629); but that did not excuse him for being question'd in the Starre-chamber for it. Mr. Attorney Noy was his great friend, and shewed his friendship there. But what Mr. Shervill left undonne, the soldiers since have gonne through with, that there is not a piece of glass-painting left.
[901]Seth, the bishop of Sarum, tells me that he finds Saint Edmund was born in Abington. He was the archbishop of Canterbury. He built the college at Sarum, next to St. Edmund's Church: it's now the home of Judge Wyndham's son. He resigned from his archbishopric and came here to retire. In St. Edmund's church here [902], there were windows of great value. Gundamore [903] offered a good sum for them; I’ve forgotten how much. In one of them was a picture of God the Father, depicted as an old man (as was the style), which greatly offended Mr. Shervill, the recorder, who, in zeal (but without understanding), climbed up on the pews [904] to break the window and fell down, breaking his leg (around 1629); but that did not excuse him from being questioned in the Star Chamber for it. Mr. Attorney Noy was his good friend and showed his support there. But what Mr. Shervill left undone, the soldiers have since completed, and now there isn't a single piece of stained glass left.

'Edmundus, Cant.[905] A.B., primus legit Elementa Euclidis, Oxoniæ, 1290 [906]; Mr. Hugo perlegit librum Aristotelis Analytic. Oxon.; Rogerus Bacon vixit A.D. 1292.'—This out of an old booke in the library of University College, Oxon.
'Edmundus, Cant.[905] A.B., first published the Elements of Euclid, Oxford, 1290 [906]; Mr. Hugo studied Aristotle's Analytics in Oxford; Roger Bacon lived AD 1292.'—This is from an old book in the library of University College, Oxford.

Thomas Egerton, lord Ellesmere (1540-1616/7).

[907]Sir Thomas Egerton [EF], Lord Chancellor, was the naturall sonne of Sir Richard Egerton of in Cheshire.—This information I had 30 yeares since from Sir John Egerton of Egerton in Cheshire, baronet, the chiefe of that family.
[907]Sir Thomas Egerton [EF], Lord Chancellor, was the natural son of Sir Richard Egerton of in Cheshire. I got this information 30 years ago from Sir John Egerton of Egerton in Cheshire, baronet, the head of that family.

He was of Lincoln's-Inne, and I have heard Sir John [Pg 245]Danvers say that he was so hard a student, that in three or 4 yeares time he was not out of the howse. He had good parts, and early came into good practise.
He was from Lincoln's Inn, and I've heard Sir John Danvers say that he was such a dedicated student that he didn't leave the house for three or four years. He had some great qualities and quickly got into good practice.

My old father, Colonel Sharington Talbot [LXXII.], told me that (Gilbert, I thinke), earle of Shrewesbury, desired him to buy that noble mannour of Ellesmer for him, and delivered him the money. Egerton liked the bargain and the seate so well, that truly he e'en kept it for himselfe, and afterwards made it his baronry, but the money he restored to the earl of Shrewsbury again [908].
My old father, Colonel Sharington Talbot [LXXII.], told me that Earl of Shrewsbury (I think it was Gilbert) asked him to buy the noble estate of Ellesmer for him and gave him the money for it. Egerton liked the deal and the place so much that he ended up keeping it for himself and later made it his barony, but he returned the money to the Earl of Shrewsbury [908].

[LXXII.] He had, I believe, 200 adopted sonnes.
[LXXII.] I think he had 200 adopted sons.

Dyed ..., and was buried....
Dyed ..., and was laid to rest....

He was a great patron to Ben Johnson, as appeares by severall epistles to him.
He was a great supporter of Ben Johnson, as shown by several letters to him.

His son and heire, since earle of Bridgewater, was an indefatigable ringer—vide the ballad.
His son and heir, now the Earl of Bridgewater, was an tireless bell ringer—see the ballad.

[909]Chancellor Egerton haz a monument in the south wall of St. Martin's-in-the-fields chancell; but the upper part (greatest) is covered with a pue or gallerie.
[909]Chancellor Egerton has a monument on the south wall of St. Martin's-in-the-Fields Chapel; however, the upper part (the largest section) is covered by a pew or gallery.

Tuta__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ is a common path, deceiving the name of a friend; Even though the road is often traveled, it still has its dangers.

Ovid .

Ovid .

Translated by Theophilus Wodinoth:—
Translated by Theophilus Wodinoth:—

A safe and common way to deceive is through friendship,
But even though it is safe and common, it’s still deceitful, if you don’t mind me saying.

Note.

[EF] Aubrey gives in colours the coat:—'argent, a lion rampant gules between 3 pheons sable [Egerton].'
[EF] Aubrey describes the coat of arms in colors:—'silver, a red lion standing on its hind legs between three black arrowheads [Egerton].'

George Ent (16..-1679).

[911]G. Ent [912] obiit Septemb. 2, 1679. Buried in the north of the rotundo at the Temple Church. Motto of his ring:—
[911]G. Ent [912] passed away on September 2, 1679. Buried in the north side of the rotunda at the Temple Church. Motto on his ring:—

Quam totus homuncio nil est [913].
As a whole, humanity is nothing __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

[Pg 246]
[Pg 246]

Note.

In August, 1674, this George Ent came to Oxford, to live there. He brought with him a letter of introduction from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, which is now in MS. Ballard 14. Wood and he did not get on, and Aubrey several times makes excuses for his friend; e.g. Aug. 26, 1674 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 110), 'he is a very honest gentleman and his rhodomontades you will easily pardon.' The quarrels, however, became fiercer. Aubrey to Wood, March 9, 1674/5, (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 115):—'I am exceeding sorry for Mr. Ent's strangenesse to you; but 'tis confess't his friends must beare with him. I did not shew him your letter; but, expostulating with him, and he being cholerique, etc., I read only that paragraph where he "introduced into your company two boy-bachelors and upbrayded you with dotage"—.'
In August 1674, this George Ent moved to Oxford. He brought a letter of introduction from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, which is now in MS. Ballard 14. Wood and he did not get along, and Aubrey often made excuses for his friend; for example, on August 26, 1674 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 110), he said, "He is a very honest gentleman, and you will easily overlook his bravado." However, the conflicts grew more intense. Aubrey wrote to Wood on March 9, 1674/5 (MS. Ballard 14, fol. 115): "I am really sorry for Mr. Ent's behavior towards you; but it's admitted that his friends have to put up with him. I did not show him your letter, but while discussing things with him, and since he can be irritable, I only read that part where he 'introduced two boy-bachelors into your company and criticized you for being foolish.'"

Desiderius Erasmus (1467-1536).

[914]'Nascitur Erasmus Roterodamus anno 1467, Octob. die 27, horâ 16, 30´: poli elevatio 54° 0´'— David Origanus, p. 603.
[914]'Erasmus of Rotterdam was born in 1467, on October 27, at 4:30 PM: latitude 54° 0'— David Origanus, p. 603.

'Mercurius, Venus, Luna et Leo conjuncti, praesertim in ascendente, faciunt oratores doctissimos. Talis ex parte fuit constitutio Erasmi Roterodami, cujus judicium gravissimum, ingenium acutissimum, et oratio copiosissima, ex scriptis editis eruditissimis, omnibus nota est. Habuit enim Mercurium cum Venere in horoscopo, in signo aereo Libram, et Jovem trigono radio Mercurium et Venerem intuentem'— pag. 601.
'Mercury, Venus, the Moon, and Leo together, especially when rising, create the most skilled orators. Such was the nature of Erasmus of Rotterdam, whose judgment was very serious, intellect incredibly sharp, and speech very expressive, as is well known from his most learned published works. He indeed had Mercury with Venus in his horoscope, in the air sign of Libra, and Jupiter in a trine aspect looking at Mercury and Venus'— pag. 601.

Obiit anno Domini MDXXXVI, mense Julii—vide praefationem de obitu Erasmi ante Epistolas, impressas Antverpiae MDXLV.
Obiit anno Domini 1536, mense Julii—see the preface about Erasmus's death before the letters, printed in Antwerp 1545.

[915]Erasmus Roterodamus was like to have been a bishop—vide Epistolas.
[915]Erasmus Roterodamus was almost made a bishop—see Epistolas.

[916]Desiderius Erasmus, Roterodamus:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Desiderius Erasmus, Rotterdam:—

His name was 'Gerard Gerard,' which he translated into 'Desiderius Erasmus.'
His name was 'Gerard Gerard,' which he translated to 'Desiderius Erasmus.'

He was begot (as they say) behind dores—vide an Italian booke in 8vo. de famosi Bastardi: vide Anton. Possevini Apparatus. His father (as he says in his life, writt by himselfe) was the tenth and youngest son of his grandfather: who was therfore designed to be dedicated to [Pg 247]God.—'Pater Gerardus cum Margareta (medici cujusdam Petri filia), spe conjugii (et sunt qui intercessisse verba dicunt), vixit.'
He was born (as they say) behind closed doors—see an Italian book in 8vo. about famous bastards: see Anton. Possevini's Apparatus. His father (as he states in his autobiography) was the tenth and youngest son of his grandfather, who was therefore meant to be dedicated to God.—'Father Gerard with Margaret (daughter of a certain doctor named Peter), hoping for marriage (and some say there were discussions), lived.'

His father tooke great care to send him to an excellent schoole, which was at Dusseldorf, in Cleveland. He was a tender chitt, and his mother would not entruste him at board [917], but tooke a house there, and made him cordialls, etc.—from John Pell, D.D.
His father took great care to send him to an excellent school in Düsseldorf, Cleveland. He was a delicate child, and his mother wouldn’t trust him to stay away, so she rented a house nearby and made him herbal remedies, etc.—from John Pell, D.D.

He loved not fish, though borne in a fish towne—from Sir George Ent, M.D.
He didn’t like fish, even though he was born in a fishing town—from Sir George Ent, M.D.

Dr. John Pell:—he was of the order of ..., whose habit was the same that the pest-house master at ... (I thinke, Pisa: quaere Dr. John Pell) in Italie wore; and walking in that towne, people beckoned him to goe out of the way, taking him to be the master of the pest-house; and he not understanding the meaning, and keeping on his way, was there by one well basted. He made his complaint when he came to Rome, and had a dispensation for his habit.
Dr. John Pell:—he belonged to the order of ..., whose attire was the same as that of the pest-house master at ... (I think, Pisa: check Dr. John Pell) in Italy. As he walked through that town, people signaled for him to get out of the way, mistaking him for the master of the pest-house. Not understanding what they meant, he continued on his path and was then well reprimanded. When he arrived in Rome, he made his complaint and received a dispensation for his attire.

He studied sometime in Queens Colledge in Cambridge: his chamber was over the water. Quaere Mr. Paschal more particularly; and if a fellowe: he [918] had his study when a young scholar here.
He studied for a while at Queens College in Cambridge: his room was near the river. Ask Mr. Paschal for more details; and if he remembers, he had his study as a young scholar here.

'The staires which rise up to his studie at Queens Colledge in Cambridge doe bring first into two of the fairest chambers in the ancient building; in one of them, which lookes into the hall and chiefe court, the Vice-President kept in my time; in that adjoyning, it was my fortune to be, when fellow. The chambers over are good lodgeing roomes; and to one of them is a square turret adjoyning, in the upper part of which is that study of Erasmus; and over it leades. To that belongs the best prospect about the colledge, viz. upon the river, into the corne-fields, and countrey adjoyning, etc.; ☞ so that it might very well consist with the civility of the House to [Pg 248]that great man (who was no fellow, and I think stayed not long there) to let him have that study. His keeping roome might be either the Vice-President's, or, to be neer to him, the next; the room for his servitor that above, over it, and through it he might goe to that studie, which for the height, and neatnesse, and prospect, might easily take his phancy.' This from Mr. Andrew Paschal, Rector of Chedzoy in Somerset, June 15, 1680.
The stairs that lead up to his study at Queens College in Cambridge first take you to two of the most beautiful rooms in the old building; in one of them, which overlooks the hall and main courtyard, the Vice-President lived during my time; in the room next to it, I was fortunate enough to be when I was a fellow. The rooms above are nice living quarters, and one of them has a square turret attached, at the top of which is Erasmus's study; and above it leads. This room has the best view around the college, looking out over the river, into the fields, and the surrounding countryside, etc.; so it would have been quite fitting for the manners of the House to let that great man (who was not a fellow and I believe didn't stay there long) use this study. He could either have the Vice-President's room or, to be close to him, the next one; the room for his servant would be above it, and through that, he could access the study, which for its height, tidiness, and view could easily appeal to him. This is from Mr. Andrew Paschal, Rector of Chedzoy in Somerset, June 15, 1680.

He mentions his being there in one of his Epistles, and blames the beere there. One, long since, wrote, in the margent of the booke in College library in which that is sayd, 'Sicut erat in principio, etc.'; and all Mr. Paschall's time they found fault with the brewer.
He references his presence there in one of his letters and criticizes the beer there. Long ago, someone wrote in the margin of the book in the college library where this is mentioned, 'Sicut erat in principio, etc.'; and throughout Mr. Paschall's time, they complained about the brewer.

He had the parsonage (quaere value) of Aldington in Kent, which is about 3 degrees perhaps a healthier place then Dr. Pell's parsonage in Essex. I wonder they could not find for him [919] better preferment; but I see that the Sun and Aries being in the second house [920], he was not borne to be a rich man.
He had the parsonage (ask about the value) of Aldington in Kent, which is probably about 3 degrees healthier than Dr. Pell's parsonage in Essex. I wonder why they couldn't find him [919] a better position; but I see that the Sun and Aries in the second house [920] means he wasn't meant to be wealthy.

He built a schoole at Roterdam, and endowed it, and ordered the institution [921]. Sir George Ent was educated there. A statue in brasse is erected to his memory on the bridge in Roterdam.
He established a school in Rotterdam, funded it, and organized the institution [921]. Sir George Ent was educated there. A bronze statue has been erected in his memory on the bridge in Rotterdam.

'The last five bookes of Livy nowe extant, found by Symon Grinaeus in the library of a monastery over against the citie of Wormbs, are dedicated by Erasmus Roterodamus unto Charles the son of William lord Montjoy in the reigne of Henry the eight of famous memory, king of England, etc.'—Philemon Holland's translation.
'The last five books of Livy currently available, discovered by Symon Grinaeus in a monastery library opposite the city of Worms, are dedicated by Erasmus of Rotterdam to Charles, the son of William Lord Montjoy, during the reign of Henry VIII of famous memory, king of England, etc.'—Philemon Holland's translation.

Sir Charles Blount, of Maple-Durham, in com. Oxon. (neer Reding), was his scholar (in his Epistles there are some to him), and desired Erasmus to doe him the favour [922] to sitt for his picture, and he did so, and it is an excellent piece: which picture my cosen John Danvers, of Baynton (Wilts), haz: his wive's grandmother was Sir Charles Blount's daughter or grand-daughter. 'Twas pitty such a [Pg 249]rarity should have been aliend from the family, but the issue male is lately extinct. I will sometime or other endeavour to gett it for Oxford Library.
Sir Charles Blount, from Maple-Durham, in Oxfordshire (near Reading), was his student (there are some letters to him in his Epistles), and he asked Erasmus to do him the favor of sitting for his portrait, which he did, and it's an excellent piece. This portrait is owned by my cousin John Danvers, from Baynton (Wiltshire), whose wife’s grandmother was Sir Charles Blount's daughter or granddaughter. It’s a shame that such a rarity has been separated from the family, but the male line has recently died out. I will try at some point to get it for the Oxford Library.

They were wont to say that Erasmus was interpendent between Heaven and Hell, till, about the year 1655 (quaere Dr. Pell), the Conclave at Rome damned him for a heretique, after he had been dead ... yeares.
They used to say that Erasmus was caught between Heaven and Hell, until, around the year 1655 (see Dr. Pell), the Conclave in Rome condemned him as a heretic, long after he had been dead ... years.

Vita Erasmi, Erasmo autore, is before his Colloquia, printed at Amstelodam. MDCXLIV. But there is a good account of his life, and also of his death, scil. at Basil, and where buried, before his Colloquies printed at London.
Vita Erasmi, by the author Erasmus, is presented before his Colloquia, printed in Amsterdam in 1644. However, there is a detailed account of his life, as well as his death, specifically in Basel, and where he was buried, before his Colloquies were printed in London.

His deepest divinity is where a man would least expect it: viz. in his Colloquies in a Dialogue between a Butcher and a Fishmonger, Ἰχθυοφαγία.
His deepest divinity is where you would least expect it: namely, in his Colloquies in a Dialogue between a Butcher and a Fishmonger, Ἰχθυοφαγία.

Scripsit.

Colloquia: dedicated 'optimae spei puero Johanni Erasmio Frobenio.'
Colloquia: dedicated to 'the boy of the best hope, Johann Erasmus Frobenius.'

Liber utilissimus de conscribendis epistolis: dedicated 'ad Nicolaum Beraldum.'
Liber utilissimus de conscribendis epistolis: dedicated 'to Nicolaus Beraldus.'

Liber Adagiorum.
Adages Book.

Verborum Copia.
Word Abundance.

Epistolae.
Letters.

Exhortatio ad pacem ecclesiasticam.
Call for church peace.

Paraphrasis in quatuor Evangelistas.
Paraphrase in the four Gospels.

Matth.—dedicated Carolo, Imperatori.
Matth.—dedicated to Emperor Charles.

Joan.—dedicated Ferdinando, Catholico.
Joan.—dedicated to Ferdinando, Catholic.

Lucas—to Henr. 8, Rex Angl.
Lucas—to Henry VIII, King of England.

Marcus—to Francisc. I, Gall. Rex.
Marcus—to Francis. I, Gall. King.

Novum Testamentum transtulit: memorandum—Henry Standish, bishop of St. Asaph, wrote a booke against his Translation on the New Testament; vide Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle (Henry VIII).
Novum Testamentum translated: note—Henry Standish, bishop of St. Asaph, wrote a book against his Translation of the New Testament; see Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle (Henry VIII).

If my memorie failes me not, I have read in the first edition of Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle (quaere) that the Syntaxis in our English Grammar was writt by Erasmus.
If my memory serves me right, I read in the first edition of Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle (check this) that the Syntaxis in our English Grammar was written by Erasmus.

Memorandum:—Julius Scaliger contested with Erasmus, but gott nothing by it, for, as Fuller sayth, he was like[Pg 250] a badger, that never bitt but he made his teeth meet. He was the Πρόδρομος of our knowledge, and the man that made the rough and untrodden wayes smooth and passable [923].
Memorandum:—Julius Scaliger had a dispute with Erasmus, but it didn’t get him anywhere, because, as Fuller said, he was like a badger that never bit but just snapped his teeth together. He was the forerunner of our knowledge, the one who made the rough and untraveled paths smooth and accessible [923].

Anthony Ettrick (1622-1703).

[924]Anthony Ettrick, esq., borne at Berford in the parish of Wimburne-Minster com. Dorset, November the 15th (viz. the same day that Queen Katherine), A.D. 1622—quaere horam—on a Sunday. His mother would say he was a Sundaye's bird.
[924]Anthony Ettrick, Esq., born in Berford in the parish of Wimburne-Minster, Dorset, on November 15th (the same day as Queen Katherine), CE 1622—check the time—on a Sunday. His mother used to say he was a Sunday child.

His eldest son, Mr. William Ettrick, was borne also on the 15 of November, A.D. 1651.
His oldest son, Mr. William Ettrick, was also born on November 15, CE 1651.

Maried Aug. 1651.
Married August 1651.

Reader at the Middle Temple 167-.
Reader at the Middle Temple 167-.

John Evelyn (1620-1706).

[925]John Evelyn, esq., Regiae Societatis Socius, drew his first breath at Wotton in the county of Surrey [EG], A.D. 1620, 31 October, 1^ma hora mane.
[925]John Evelyn, Esq., member of the Royal Society, was born at Wotton in Surrey [EG], on October 31, 1620, at 1:00 a.m.

Note.

[EG] In MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 39, is the cover of Aubrey's Surrey Collections:—'An essay towards the description of the county of Surrey, by Mr. John Aubrey, Fellow of the Royall Societie.' On the back of this, fol. 39^v, Aubrey has the note:—'Note that the annotations marked J. E. are of John Evelyn, esq., R.S.S.' These Surrey collections are now MS. Aubr. 4.
[EG] In MS. Wood F. 49, page 39, there's the cover of Aubrey's Surrey Collections:—'An essay towards the description of the county of Surrey, by Mr. John Aubrey, Fellow of the Royal Society.' On the back of this, page 39^v, Aubrey notes:—'Note that the annotations marked J. E. are by John Evelyn, Esq., R.S.S.' These Surrey collections are now MS. Aubr. 4.

Thomas Fairfax, 3rd baron (1611-1671).

[926]Thomas, lord Fairfax of Cameron, Lord Generall of the Parliament armie:—Memorandum, when Oxford was surrendred [927] (24º Junii 1646), the first thing generall Fairfax did was to sett a good guard of soldiers to preserve the Bodleian Library. 'Tis said there was more hurt donne by the cavaliers (during their garrison) by way of embezilling and cutting-off chaines of bookes, then there [Pg 251]was since. He was a lover of learning, and had he not taken this speciall care, that noble library had been utterly destroyed—quod N. B.; for there were ignorant senators enough who would have been contented to have had it so. This I doe assure you from an ocular witnesse, E. W. esq.[928]
[926]Thomas, Lord Fairfax of Cameron, General of the Parliament army:—Note that when Oxford surrendered [927] (June 24, 1646), the first thing General Fairfax did was set up a strong guard of soldiers to protect the Bodleian Library. It's said that the damage caused by the Cavaliers (during their time in garrison) through theft and cutting off chains from books was greater than any harm done since. He was passionate about learning, and had he not taken this special care, that wonderful library would have been completely destroyed—note well; for there were plenty of ignorant senators who would have been okay with that. I assure you of this from an eyewitness, E. W. Esq.[928]

He haz a copie of verses before ... in folio.
He has a copy of verses before ... in folio.

George Feriby (1573-16..).

[929]In tempore Jacobi one Mr. George Ferraby was parson of Bishops Cannings in Wilts: an excellent musitian, and no ill poet. When queen Anne came to Bathe, her way lay to traverse the famous Wensdyke, which runnes through his parish. He made severall of his neighbours good musitians, to play with him in consort, and to sing. Against her majestie's comeing, he made a pleasant pastorall, and gave her an entertaynment with his fellow songsters in shepherds' weeds and bagpipes, he himself like an old bard. After that wind musique was over, they sang their pastorall eglogues (which I have, to insert in to liber B.).
[929]In the time of James, there was a man named George Ferraby who was the vicar of Bishops Cannings in Wiltshire. He was an excellent musician and a decent poet. When Queen Anne came to Bath, her route took her across the famous Wensdyke, which runs through his parish. He got several of his neighbors to become good musicians, playing with him in a group and singing. In preparation for her arrival, he created a pleasant pastoral and entertained her with his fellow singers dressed as shepherds and playing bagpipes, while he himself looked like an old bard. After the wind instruments were finished, they performed their pastoral eclogues (which I have to include in book B).

He was one of the king's chaplaines. 'Twas he caused the 8 bells to be cast there, being a very good ringer.
He was one of the king's chaplains. It was he who had the 8 bells cast there, as he was a very skilled ringer.

He hath only one sermon in print that I know of, at the funerall of Mr. Drew of the Devises, called Life's Farwell.
He has only one published sermon that I know of, at the funeral of Mr. Drew of the Devises, called Life's Farewell.

He was demy, if not fellow, of Magdalen College, Oxon.
He was a demy, if not a fellow, of Magdalen College, Oxford.

[930]Thomas [931] Ferraby, formerly a demy or fellow of Magdalen College, Oxon, minister of Bishops Cannings, Wilts, was an ingeniose man and a good musitian and composer.
[930]Thomas [931] Ferraby, who used to be a student or fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford, and was the minister of Bishops Cannings, Wiltshire, was a talented person and a skilled musician and composer.

He treated queen Anne at Wednsdytch in his parish with a pastorall of his owne writing and composing and sung by his neighbours clad in shepherds' weeds, whom he brought-up to musique.
He honored Queen Anne at Wednsdytch in his parish with a pastoral he wrote and composed himself, performed by his neighbors dressed as shepherds, whom he trained in music.

He gave another entertayment in Cote-field to king [Pg 252]James, with carters singing, with whipps in their hands; and afterwards, a footeball play.
He hosted another event in Cote-field for King [Pg 252] James, complete with carters singing and holding whips; and afterward, there was a football game.

This parish would have challenged all England for musique, ringing, and footeball play.
This parish would have competed with all of England for music, ringing, and football.

He was one of his Majestie's chaplaines. One sermon is among my grandfather Lyte's old bookes in the country, at the funerall of Drew, esquire, called Life's farewell, printed....
He was one of the king's chaplains. One sermon is in my grandfather Lyte's old books in the country, from the funeral of Drew, esquire, called Life's farewell, printed....

Nicholas Fiske (15..-166..).

[932]Dr. ... Fisk [933], a physitian, practised physick and astrologie, and had good practise in both, in Convent Garden, London. Mr. Gadbury acknowledges in print to have had his greatest helpes in astrologicall knowledge from him, and sayes that he was an able artist.
[932]Dr. ... Fisk [933], a physician, practiced medicine and astrology, and was quite successful in both, in Covent Garden, London. Mr. Gadbury openly admits in print that he received his most significant support in astrological knowledge from him, and states that he was a skilled practitioner.

He wrote [934] and printed a treatise of the conjunction of Saturne and Jupiter.
He wrote [934] and published a paper about the alignment of Saturn and Jupiter.

Obiit about 20 yeares since and buryed in Convent Garden.
Obit about 20 years ago and buried in Covent Garden.

Thomas Flatman (16..-1688).

[935]Mr. Thomas Flatman, quondam Novi Collegii socius, then a barrister of the Inner Temple, an excellent painter and poet. The next terme his poems will be in print.
[935]Mr. Thomas Flatman, former member of New College, now a barrister at the Inner Temple, is an outstanding painter and poet. His poems will be published in print next term.

[936]Mr. Thomas Flatman [EH] died at his house in Fleet street on Thursday December <6th>, buried the 9th of that moneth, at St. Bride's, neer the railes of the communion table, in the grave with his sonne, on whom he layd a fair marble gravestone with an inscription and verses. His father is living yet, at least 80, a clarke of the Chancery.
[936]Mr. Thomas Flatman [EH] died at his home on Fleet Street on Thursday, December <6th>, and was buried on the 9th of that month at St. Bride's, near the communion table rails, in the grave with his son. He placed a beautiful marble gravestone there with an inscription and verses. His father is still alive, at least 80, and works as a clerk in the Chancery.

[937]Thomas Flatman, filius, natus 1673, Oct. 4, hora 18 P.M. This native dyed of the small pox about Christmas (December) 1682.
[937]Thomas Flatman, son, born October 4, 1673, at 6 PM. He passed away from smallpox around Christmas (December) 1682.

[Pg 253]
[Pg 253]

Note.

[EH] Anthony Wood detects an oversight:—'Why do you not set downe the yeare?' Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 386^v, says, 'Thomas Flatman dyed in 1688, before Christmas.'
[EH] Anthony Wood points out a mistake:—'Why don't you mention the year?' Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 386^v, notes, 'Thomas Flatman died in 1688, before Christmas.'

Thomas Flattman, of Red Cross street, Aldersgate, London, at Winchester school from Michaelmas 1648, was admitted probationer of New College (to an Arts fellowship) 11 Sept. 1654, and fellow in 1656; but resigned in 1657, betaking himself to the study of Law.
Thomas Flattman, from Red Cross Street, Aldersgate, London, attended Winchester School starting in Michaelmas 1648. He became a probationer at New College (for an Arts fellowship) on September 11, 1654, and became a fellow in 1656; however, he resigned in 1657 to focus on studying Law.

Sir William Fleetwood (1535-1594).

[938]Sir Miles [939] Fleetwood, Recorder of London, was of the Middle Temple; was Recorder of London, when King James came into England; made his harangue to the City of London (ἀντανάκλασις), 'When I consider your wealth I doe admire your wisdome, and when I consider your wisdome I doe admire your wealth.' It was a two-handed rhetorication, but the citizens tooke in the best sense.
[938]Sir Miles [939] Fleetwood, the Recorder of London, was from the Middle Temple; he was the Recorder of London when King James arrived in England. He gave a speech to the City of London (ἀντανάκλασις), saying, 'When I think about your wealth, I admire your wisdom, and when I think about your wisdom, I admire your wealth.' It was a two-pronged rhetorical move, but the citizens took it in the best way.

He was a very severe [940] hanger of highwaymen, so that the fraternity were resolved to make an example of him [941]: which they executed in this manner: They lay in wayte for him not far from Tyburne, as he was to come from his house at ... in Bucks; had a halter in readinesse; brought him under the gallowes, fastned the rope about his neck and on the tree, his hands tied behind him (and servants bound), and then left him to the mercy of his horse, which he called Ball. So he cryed 'Ho, Ball! Ho, Ball!' and it pleased God that his horse stood still, till somebody came along, which was halfe a quarter of an hour or +. He ordered that this horse should be kept as long as he would live, and it was so—he lived till 1646:—from Mr. Thomas Bigge, of Wicham [942].
He was a very strict [940] catcher of highwaymen, which made the gang determined to make an example of him [941]. They set up an ambush for him not far from Tyburn, as he was coming from his house in ... in Bucks; they had a noose ready; they brought him under the gallows, fastened the rope around his neck and onto the tree, with his hands tied behind him (and his servants bound), then left him to the mercy of his horse, which he called Ball. He shouted 'Ho, Ball! Ho, Ball!' and it pleased God that his horse stood still until someone came by, which was about fifteen minutes later. He insisted that this horse should be cared for as long as he lived, and it was—the horse lived until 1646:—from Mr. Thomas Bigge, of Wicham [942].

One day goeing on foote to Yield-hall, with his clarke behind him, he was surprised in Cheapside with a sudden and violent looseness neer the Standard. He [943] ... bade his man hide his face943[943]....
One day, while walking to Yield-hall with his clerk following him, he was caught off guard in Cheapside by a sudden and intense urge near the Standard. He [943] ... told his man to hide his face943[943]....

[Pg 254]
[Pg 254]

His seate was at Missenden in the county of Bucks, where his descendents still remaine.
His seat was in Missenden, in the county of Bucks, where his descendants still live.

He is buried at ... in com. Bucks.
He is buried at ... in Bucks County.

John Fletcher (1579-1625).

[944]John Fletcher, invited to goe with a knight into Norfolke or Suffolke in the plague-time 1625, stayd but to make himselfe a suite of cloathes; fell sick of the plague, and dyed.
[944]John Fletcher, invited to go with a knight to Norfolk or Suffolk during the plague in 1625, stayed just long enough to make himself a suit of clothes; he fell ill with the plague and died.

[945]Mr. John Fletcher, poet: in the great plague, 1625, a knight of Norfolk (or Suffolke) invited him into the countrey. He stayed but to make himselfe a suite of cloathes, and while it was makeing, fell sick of the plague and dyed [946]. This I had (1668) from his tayler, who is now a very old man, and clarke of St. Mary Overy's.
[945]Mr. John Fletcher, poet: during the great plague of 1625, a knight from Norfolk (or Suffolk) invited him to the countryside. He only stayed long enough to have a suit of clothes made, and while it was being tailored, he fell sick with the plague and died [946]. I learned this (in 1668) from his tailor, who is now a very old man and the clerk of St. Mary Overy's.

John Florio (1545?-1625).

[947]John Florio was borne in London in the beginning of king Edward VI, his father and mother flying from the Valtolin ('tis about Piedmont or Savoy) to London for religion: Waldenses.——The family is originally of Siena, where the name is to this day.
[947]John Florio was born in London at the beginning of King Edward VI's reign. His parents fled from the Valtellina (which is in the Piedmont or Savoy region) to London for religious reasons: they were Waldensians. The family originally came from Siena, where the name still exists today.

King Edward dying, upon the persecution of queen Mary, they fled back again into their owne countrey, where he was educated.
King Edward died, and because of Queen Mary's persecution, they fled back to their own country, where he was raised.

Afterwards he came into England, and was by king James made 'informator' to prince Henry for the Italian and French tongues, and clarke to the closet to queen Anne.
After that, he came to England, and was appointed by King James as the informator for Prince Henry for Italian and French, and as secretary to Queen Anne's private chamber.

Scripsit:—
Said:—

First and second fruits, being two books of the instruction to learne the Italian tongue:
First and second fruits, being two books of instruction to learn the Italian language:

Dictionary;
Dictionary

and translated Montagne's Essayes.
and translated Montaigne's Essays.

He dyed of the great plague at Fulham anno 1625.
He died of the great plague in Fulham in 1625.

[Pg 255]
[Pg 255]

Sir Edward Ford (1605-1670).

[948]Edward Ford [949], esquire, printed 5 or 6 sheetes in 4to—Mr. Edmund Wyld haz it—
[948]Edward Ford [949], esquire, printed 5 or 6 sheets in 4to—Mr. Edmund Wyld has it—

'A designe for bringing a river from Rickmansworth in Hartfordshire to St. Gyles in the fields, the benefits of it declared and the objections against it answered, by Edward Ford of Harting in Sussex, esq., London, printed for John Clarke, 1641.' Memorandum that now (1681/2) London is growne so populous and big that the new river of Middleton can serve the pipes to private houses but twice a weeke, quod N. B.
'A proposal for bringing a river from Rickmansworth in Hertfordshire to St. Giles in the fields, detailing the benefits and addressing the objections, by Edward Ford of Harting in Sussex, Esq., London, printed for John Clarke, 1641.' Note that now (1681/2) London has grown so populous and large that the new river of Middleton can supply the pipes to private houses only twice a week, according to N. B.

I beleeve this was afterwards Sir Edward Ford, quondam a gentleman commoner of Trinity College, Oxon: de quo vide in prima parte A. W.
I believe this was later Sir Edward Ford, formerly a gentleman commoner of Trinity College, Oxford: see in the first part A. W.

Vide in my trunke of papers a printed sheet of his of....
Vide in my trunk of papers a printed sheet of his of....

['Twas [950] he built the high water-house over against Somerset howse, pulled downe since the restauration because a nusance.]
['Twas [950] he built the high water-house across from Somerset House, which has been torn down since the restoration because it was a nuisance.]

[951]'Experimental proposalls how the king may have money to pay and maintaine his fleetes with ease to the people, London may be re-built and all proprietors satisfied, money be lent at 6 li. per cent on pawnes, and the fishing trade sett-up; and all without strayning or thwarting any of our lawes or customes,' by Sir Edward Forde, London, printed by W. Godbid, 1666—a 4to pamphlet.
[951]'Experimental proposals on how the king can have money to easily pay for and maintain his fleets, rebuild London, and satisfy all property owners, lend money at 6 li. per cent on pawns, and establish the fishing trade; all without straining or violating any of our laws or customs,' by Sir Edward Forde, London, printed by W. Godbid, 1666—a 4to pamphlet.

[952]Sir Edward Ford's body was brought over into England, and buried at Harting Church in Sussex with his ancestors—obiit Sept. 3.
[952]Sir Edward Ford's body was brought back to England and buried in Harting Church in Sussex alongside his ancestors—died Sept. 3.

[Pg 256]
[Pg 256]

His brother tells me that this August he is 65 years old and that Sir Edward was borne in Aprill and one yeare and a half older then he.
His brother tells me that this August he is 65 years old and that Sir Edward was born in April and is one and a half years older than he.

Sir Edward Ford first proposed his invention, the way of farthings for this nation, and was opposed. He could not gett a patent here: prince Rupert would have it, if he could. So then he went into Ireland and dyed fortnight before he had effected the getting of his patent.
Sir Edward Ford first proposed his invention, the method of farthings for this nation, and faced opposition. He couldn't secure a patent here: Prince Rupert wanted it for himself if he could. So, he went to Ireland and died two weeks before he managed to get his patent.

[953]Sir Edward Ford writt no books, but two or three pamphletts of a sheet or so, which I have some where, and have informed you of. One was an ingeniose proposall of a publique banke, as I remember, for the easy raysing of money and to avoyd the griping usurers and to promote trade.
[953]Sir Edward Ford didn't write any books, but he did create a couple of pamphlets, about one sheet each, which I have somewhere and have told you about. One was a clever proposal for a public bank, if I recall correctly, aimed at making it easier to raise money, avoiding greedy moneylenders, and promoting trade.

Samuel Foster (15..-1652).

[954]From Mr. Bayes, the watchmaker, his nephew:—Mr. Samuel Foster was borne at Coventry (as I take it); he was sometime usher of the schoole there. Was professor of ... at Gresham Colledge, London, ... yeares; where, in his lodgeing, on the wall in his chamber, is, of his owne hand draweing, the best diall I doe verily beleeve in the whole world. Inter etc. it shewes you what a clock 'tis at Jerusalem, Gran Cairo, etc. It is drawen very artificially. He dyed ... July 1652, buryed at St. Peter's the Poor, in Broad-street, London. A neighbour of Mr. Paschall's, neer Bridgewater, in Somerset, hath all his MSS.: which I have seen, I thinke ½ foot thick in 4to.
[954]From Mr. Bayes, the watchmaker, his nephew:—Mr. Samuel Foster was born in Coventry (as far as I know); he was once the usher at the school there. He was a professor of ... at Gresham College, London, ... years; where, in his lodging, on the wall of his room, is the best dial I truly believe exists in the whole world, drawn by his own hand. Among other things, it shows you what time it is in Jerusalem, Grand Cairo, etc. It's drawn very skillfully. He died ... July 1652 and was buried at St. Peter's the Poor, in Broad Street, London. A neighbor of Mr. Paschall's, near Bridgewater, in Somerset, has all his manuscripts: which I have seen, I think about ½ foot thick in 4to.

John Foxe (1517-1587).

[955]Adjoyning [956] is this inscription [957] of John Fox.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Next__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ is this engraving__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__ by John Fox.

Christo S. S.
Christo S. S.

Johanni Foxo, ecclesiae Anglicanae martyrologo fidelissimo, antiquitatis historicae indagatori sagacissimo, Evangelicae veritatis propugnatori acerrimo, thaumaturgo admirabili qui martyres Marianos [Pg 257]tanquam Phoenices ex cineribus redivivos praestitit, patri suo omni pietatis officio in primis colendo, Samuel Foxus, illius primogenitus, hoc monumentum posuit, non sine lachrymis.
Johanni Foxo, the most faithful martyrologist of the Anglican Church, the sharpest investigator of historical antiquities, the strongest defender of evangelical truth, and the amazing miracle worker who brought the Marian martyrs back to life like phoenixes from the ashes, Samuel Fox, his eldest son, set up this monument, not without tears, in honor of his father, whom he revered above all with utmost devotion.

Obiit die xviii mensis April.
Anno Salutis 1587, jam
Septuagenarius.
Vita vitae mortalis est spes
vitae immortalis.
Obit on the 18th day of April.
In the year of our Lord 1587, already
Seventy years old.
Life in this mortal world is the hope
of eternal life.

Nicholas Fuller (1557-1623/4).

[958]The 13th of February, 1623, Mr. Nicholas Fuller [959], rector of Allington, was buried—ex registro.
[958]On February 13, 1623, Mr. Nicholas Fuller [959], rector of Allington, was buried—according to the records.

Thomas Fuller (1608-1661).

[960]Thomas Fuller, D.D., borne at Orwincle [LXXIII.] in Northamptonshire. His father was minister there, and maried ..., one of the sisters of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.—From Dr. Edward Davenant.
[960]Thomas Fuller, D.D., born at Orwincle [LXXIII.] in Northamptonshire. His father was a minister there, and he married ..., one of the sisters of John Davenant, bishop of Sarum.—From Dr. Edward Davenant.

[LXXIII.] J. Dreyden, poete, was borne here.
[LXXIII.] J. Dreyden, poet, was born here.

He was a boy of a pregnant witt, and when the bishop and his father were discoursing, he would be by and hearken, and now and then putt in, and sometimes beyond expectation, or his yeares.
He was a boy with a quick wit, and when the bishop and his father were talking, he would be nearby listening in, and now and then he would chime in, sometimes surprising them with his insights, considering his age.

He was of a middle stature; strong sett [961]; curled haire; a very working head, in so much that, walking and meditating before dinner, he would eate-up a penny loafe, not knowing that he did it. His naturall memorie was very great, to which he had added the art of memorie: he would repeate to you forwards and backwards all the signes from Ludgate to Charing-crosse.
He was of average height; strong build; curly hair; a very active mind, so much so that while walking and thinking before dinner, he would eat a penny loaf without even realizing it. His natural memory was exceptional, and he had also learned the art of memory: he could recite all the signs from Ludgate to Charing Cross both forwards and backwards.

He was fellow of Sydney College in Cambridge, where he wrote his Divine Poemes. He was first minister of Broad Windsor in Dorset, and prebendary of the church of Sarum. He was sequestred, being a royalist, and was afterwards minister of Waltham Abbey, and preacher of the Savoy, where he died, and is buryed.
He was a fellow at Sydney College in Cambridge, where he wrote his Divine Poems. He was the first minister of Broad Windsor in Dorset and a prebendary at the church of Sarum. He was removed from his position for being a royalist and later became the minister of Waltham Abbey and a preacher at the Savoy, where he died and is buried.

[Pg 258]
[Pg 258]

He was a pleasant facetious person, and a bonus socius.
He was a likable and witty person, and a bonus socius.

Scripsit 'Holy Warre'; 'Holy State'; 'Pisgah Sight'; 'England's Worthies'; severall Sermons, among others, a funerall sermon on Henry Danvers, esq., the eldest son of Sir John Danvers, (and only by his second wife Dantesey), brother to Henry earl of Danby, preached at Lavington in Wilts 1654: obiit 19º Novembr.
Scripsit 'Holy War'; 'Holy State'; 'Pisgah Sight'; 'England's Worthies'; several sermons, including a funeral sermon for Henry Danvers, Esq., the eldest son of Sir John Danvers (and the only son by his second wife, Dantesey), brother to Henry, Earl of Danby, preached at Lavington in Wiltshire in 1654: died November 19.

He was minister of Waltham Crosse in Essex, and also of the Savoy in the Strand, where he dyed (and lies buryed) not long after the restauracion of his majestie.
He was the minister of Waltham Crosse in Essex, and also of the Savoy in the Strand, where he died (and is buried) not long after the restoration of his majesty.

Simon Furbisher (1585-16..).

[962]Symon Furbisher, the famous jugler, natus 30 May, 1585, 9^h 30´ A.M.
[962]Symon Furbisher, the famous juggler, born May 30, 1585, at 9:30 A.M.

John Gadbury (1627-1704).

[963]Mr. Gadbury the astrologer's father, a taylor, takes the measure of a young lady for a gowne and clappes up a match.
[963]Mr. Gadbury the astrologer's father, a tailor, measures a young woman for a dress and sets up a match.

Note.

Anthony Wood in the Ath. Oxon. gives a more correct version of this story. William Gadbury, a farmer, of Wheatley, co. Oxon, made a stolen marriage with a daughter of Sir John Curson of Waterperry. Their son, John Gadbury, was apprentice to an Oxford tailor, before he set up as an astrologer.
Anthony Wood in the Ath. Oxon. provides a more accurate version of this story. William Gadbury, a farmer from Wheatley, Oxfordshire, entered into a secret marriage with a daughter of Sir John Curson of Waterperry. Their son, John Gadbury, was an apprentice to a tailor in Oxford before he became an astrologer.

The correspondence between Aubrey and Wood in MS. Wood F. 51, shows that the publication of this story in Wood's Athenae was, very naturally, resented by Gadbury. Aubrey to Wood, Aug. 20, 1692, Gadbury is 'extremely incens't against you: ... he sayes that you have printed lyes concerning him.' Aubrey to Wood, Oct. 21, 1693, 'I shewed your letter to Mr. Gadbury, wherin you tell him that what he desires should be amended as to himselfe shall be donne in the Appendix,' i.e. the third volume of the Athenae, on which Wood was then at work, 'to be printed: but he huft and pish't, saying that your copies are flown abroad and the scandalls are irrevocable and that he will have a fling at you in print to vindicate himselfe.' Wood was blind to the indiscretion he had committed: Wood to Aubrey, Nov. 1692, MS. Ballard 14, fol. 153:—'I wonder at nothing more then that Mr. Gadbury should take it amiss of those things that I say of him: for whereas the generality of scholars did formerly take him to have been bred an academian, because he was borne at Oxon, and so, consequently, not to be much admird, now their eyes being opend and knowing that his education hath been mechanical they esteem him a prodigie of parts and therfore are much desirous that his picture may hang in the public gallery at the schooles.'
The letters between Aubrey and Wood in MS. Wood F. 51 show that the publication of this story in Wood's Athenae was understandably resented by Gadbury. Aubrey wrote to Wood on August 20, 1692, that Gadbury is "extremely angry with you: ... he says that you have printed lies about him." In a letter dated October 21, 1693, Aubrey mentions, "I showed your letter to Mr. Gadbury, where you told him that what he wants to be changed regarding himself will be addressed in the Appendix," referring to the third volume of the Athenae, which Wood was working on at the time, "to be printed: but he huffed and scoffed, saying that your copies are already out there and the scandals are irreversible, and that he intends to take a shot at you in print to defend himself." Wood failed to realize the lapse in judgment he had made: Wood wrote to Aubrey in November 1692, MS. Ballard 14, fol. 153: "I am most surprised that Mr. Gadbury would take offense at the things I say about him: because while most scholars previously assumed he was educated at an academy, since he was born in Oxford, and thus not particularly admired, now that their eyes are opened and they know that his education was mechanical, they consider him a prodigy of talent and therefore really want his portrait to hang in the public gallery at the schools."

[Pg 259]
[Pg 259]

Thomas Gale (1636-1702).

Libri editi curâ et operâ Tho. Gale.

Psalterium juxta exemplar Alexandrinum bibliothecae regiae: Graecè, 8vo.
Psalterium according to the Alexandrian model of the royal library: in Greek, 8vo.

Scriptores mythologici; Palaephatus, Cornutus, etc.: Graecè, 8vo.
Scriptores mythologici; Palaephatus, Cornutus, etc.: In Greek, 8vo.

Historiae poeticae scriptores; Apollodorus, Eratosthenes, etc.; Graecè, 8vo.
Historiae poeticae scriptores; Apollodorus, Eratosthenes, etc.; Greek, 8vo.

Rhetores antiqui; Demetrius, Phalereus, Tiberius, etc.: Graecè, 8vo.
Rhetoricians of the past: Demetrius, Phalereus, Tiberius, etc.: Greek, 8vo.

Iamblichus Chalcidensis de mysteriis Aegyptiorum, etc.: Graecè, folio.
Iamblichus Chalcidensis on the Mysteries of the Egyptians, etc.: In Greek, folio.

Johannes Eriugenan, cum notis: Lat., fol.
Johannes Eriugenan, with notes: Latin, folio.

S. Maximi expositiones in S. Gregorium Nazianzenum: Graecè, fol.
S. Maximi's explanations on S. Gregory of Nazianzus: In Greek, page.

Historiae Britannicae, Anglo-Saxonicae, Anglo-Danicae, etc., scriptores XX nunquam prius editi, 2^bus voluminibus, ffol.
Historiae Britannicae, Anglo-Saxonicae, Anglo-Danicae, etc., writers XX never published before, in 2 volumes, ffol.

Libri Graeci et Latini praelo parati.

Pentateuchus juxta exemplar Alexandrinum bibliothecae regiae, cum notis, etc.: Graecè, fol.
Pentateuch according to the Alexandrian example from the royal library, with notes, etc.: In Greek, fol.

Liber prophetae Isaiae juxta exemplar Alexandrinum: Graecè, cum commentario, folio.
Liber prophetae Isaiae according to the Alexandrian version: In Greek, with commentary, folio.

Basilii, Chrysostomi, Andreae Cretensis, aliorumque Graecorum patrum Homiliae, nondum editae magno numero, Graecè, fol.
Basilii, Chrysostomi, Andreae Cretensis, and many other Greek fathers' Homilies, not yet published in large numbers, in Greek, fol.

Iamblichus de vita Pythagorae et ejusdem ad philosophiam protreptici, ex codicibus MSS. emendatus et nova versione donatus: 8vo.
Iamblichus on the Life of Pythagoras and his exhortation to philosophy, revised from manuscript copies and presented with a new translation: 8vo.

Iamblichus de mathematica secundum Pythagoricos nunc primum ex MSS. Codd. editus, cum versione Latina: 8vo.
Iamblichus on mathematics according to the Pythagoreans now published for the first time from manuscripts, with a Latin translation: 8vo.

[Pg 260]
[Pg 260]

Leonis imperatoris et Basilii cubicularii de re navali Graecorum opuscula, nunc primum ex codd. Graecis eruta cum versione Latina: accedit his Appendix eorum omnium locorum quae apud Graecos et Latinos scriptores extant de re navali: 8vo.
Leonis Imperator and Basilius the Chamberlain's writings on naval affairs of the Greeks, now published for the first time based on Greek manuscripts with a Latin translation: an appendix is added with all the references found in Greek and Latin literature regarding naval matters: 8vo.

Tertium et ultimum volumen Historicorum gentis Angliae ab Henrico IIIº usque ad Henricum VII^um nunquam hactenus editorum: fol.
Tertium et ultimum volumen Historicorum gentis Angliae ab Henrico IIIº usque ad Henricum VII^um nunquam hactenus editorum: fol.

Antonini Itinerarium per Britanniam, cum commentario in quo multa ad chorographiam Britanniae explicandam adducuntur: 8vo.
Antonini Itinerary through Britain, with commentary that explains many aspects of the chorography of Britain: 8vo.

Venerabilis Bedae Historia ecclesiastica, ad antiquissimos codices emaculata et multis locis restituta: fol.
Venerable Bede's Ecclesiastical History, refined from the oldest manuscripts and restored in many places: fol.

Matthaei Paris Historia, ad codices antiquos emendata et multis repurgata erroribus, una cum copiosis notis et monumentis coaevis: fol.
Matthaei Paris Historia, corrected according to ancient manuscripts and cleaned up from numerous errors, along with extensive notes and contemporary documents: fol.

Codex legum antiquarum gentis Anglicanae ab Ethelberto rege Cantii ad Edvardum primum: in hac collectione continentur quam plurimae leges Saxonicae et aliae nondum editae praeter eas quas Lambertus edidit: fol.
Codex of the ancient laws of the English people from King Ethelbert of Kent to King Edward the First: this collection includes many Saxon laws and other unpublished ones besides those published by Lambert: fol.

The History of Edward the 2d and of the troubles which happen'd in his reigne, extracted out of the rolls of the Tower, together with those rolls and other authentick evidences at large: ffol.
The History of Edward the 2nd and the troubles that occurred during his reign, taken from the records of the Tower, along with those records and other authentic evidence in detail: ffol.

The Baronage of England in III parts: 1^st, of its original; 2^d, of its continuance and alteration; 3^d, of its rights and privilidges.
The Baronage of England in 3 parts: 1^st, of its origin; 2^nd, of its continuation and changes; 3^rd, of its rights and privileges.

William Gascoigne (1612?-1644).

[964]There was a most gallant gentleman and excellent mathematician that dyed [965] in the late warres, one Mr. Gascoigne, of good estate in Yorkshire; to whom Sir Jonas Moore acknowledged to have received most of his knowledge. He was bred up by the Jesuites. I thought to have taken memoires of him; but deferring it, death [Pg 261]took away Sir Jonas. But I will sett downe what I remember.
[964]There was a very brave gentleman and skilled mathematician who died [965] in the recent wars, a Mr. Gascoigne, who had a good estate in Yorkshire; to whom Sir Jonas Moore admitted he owed much of his knowledge. He was educated by the Jesuits. I had intended to take notes about him; but putting it off, death [Pg 261]took Sir Jonas away. But I will write down what I remember.

[966]... Gascoigne, esq., of Middleton, neer Leeds, Yorkshire, was killed at the battaile of Marston-moore, about the age of 24 or 25 at most.
[966]... Gascoigne, Esq., of Middleton, near Leeds, Yorkshire, was killed at the battle of Marston Moor, at around 24 or 25 years old at most.

Mr. Towneley, of Towneley, in Lancashire, esq., haz his papers.—From Mr. Edmund Flamsted, who sayes he found out the way of improveing telescopes before Des Cartes.
Mr. Towneley, of Towneley, in Lancashire, has his papers.—From Mr. Edmund Flamsted, who says he discovered how to improve telescopes before Des Cartes.

Mr. Edmund Flamsted tells me, Sept. 1682, that 'twas at Yorke fight he was slaine.
Mr. Edmund Flamsted tells me, September 1682, that it was at York fight that he was killed.

Henry Gellibrand (1597-1637).

[967]Henry Gellibrand was borne in London. He was of Trinity Colledge in Oxon (vide Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.). Dr. Potter and Dr. Hobbes knew him. Dr. Hannibal Potter was his tutor, and preached his funeral sermon in London. They told me that he was good for little a great while, till at last it happened accidentally, that he heard a Geometrie [968] lecture. He was so taken with it, that immediately he fell to studying it, and quickly made great progresse in it. The fine diall over the Colledge Library is of his owne doeing. Construxit Logarithmos Henrici Briggs, jussu Autoris τοῦ μακαρίτου, 1631. He was Astronomy Professor in Collegio Greshamensi, Lond. Scripsit Trigonometriam. He being one time in the country, shewed the tricks of drawing [969] what card you touched, which was by combination with his confederate, who had a string that was tyed to his leg, and the leg of the other, by which his confederate gave him notice by the touch; but by this trick, he was reported to be a conjuror.
[967]Henry Gellibrand was born in London. He attended Trinity College in Oxford (see Anthony Wood's Antiq. Oxon.). Dr. Potter and Dr. Hobbes were acquainted with him. Dr. Hannibal Potter was his tutor and delivered his funeral sermon in London. They told me that for a long time he wasn’t particularly skilled, until one day he accidentally attended a lecture on geometry. He was so intrigued by it that he immediately started studying and quickly made significant progress. The beautiful dial over the College Library was made by him. Construxit Logarithmos Henrici Briggs, jussu Autoris τοῦ μακαρίτου, 1631. He was the Astronomy Professor at Gresham College in London. He wrote a work on trigonometry. Once, while he was in the countryside, he demonstrated a trick where he could identify which card someone touched, using a setup with his accomplice who had a string tied to his leg and the leg of the other person, allowing his partner to give him signals through the touch. Because of this trick, he was rumored to be a magician.

Vide Canterbury's Doome[970] about Protestant martyrs, the Almanac; that he kept conventicles in Gresham College.
Vide Canterbury's Doome[970] regarding Protestant martyrs, the Almanac; that he held meetings in Gresham College.

[Pg 262]
[Pg 262]

... Gerard.

[971]One Mr. Gerard, of Castle Carey in Somerset, collected the antiquities of that county, Dorset, and that of Devon: which I cannot for my life retrive. His executor had them, whose estate was seized for debt; and utterly lost.
[971]A man named Mr. Gerard, from Castle Carey in Somerset, gathered artifacts from Somerset, Dorset, and Devon, which I can't seem to recover. His executor had them, but their estate was taken due to debts, and they are completely lost.

Adrian Gilbert (—— - ——).

[972]... Ralegh m. Katherine Champernon m. ... Gilbert | | Sir Walter Ralegh Adrian Gilbert, chemist; no children.

This Adrian Gilbert was an excellent chymist, and a great favourite of Mary, countesse of Pembroke, with whom he lived and was her operator. He was a man of great parts, but the greatest buffoon in England; cared not what he said to man or woman of what quality soever. Some curious ladies of our country have rare receipts of his. 'Twas he that made the curious wall about Rollington parke at Wilton.
This Adrian Gilbert was an excellent chemist and a favorite of Mary, Countess of Pembroke, with whom he lived and worked. He was a talented individual, but also the biggest jokester in England; he didn’t care what he said to anyone, regardless of their status. Some curious ladies in our country have some of his rare recipes. He was the one who created the intricate wall around Rollington Park at Wilton.

[973]Mr. Elias Ashmole sayes that amongst his papers of John Dee or Dr. Napier he finds that one of them held great correspondence with Adrian Gilbert. Quaere of him de hoc.
[973]Mr. Elias Ashmole says that among his papers of John Dee or Dr. Napier, he finds that one of them had a significant correspondence with Adrian Gilbert. Ask him about this.

Alexander Gill (1567-1635).
Alexander Gill (1597-1642).

[974]Dr. Gill, the father, was a very ingeniose person, as may appeare by his writings. Notwithstanding he had moodes and humours, as particularly his whipping-fitts:—
[974]Dr. Gill, the father, was a very clever person, as can be seen in his writings. Still, he had his moods and quirks, especially his fits of anger:—

As pedants out of the schoolboys' pants do claw and scratch their own itches

Hudibras, part ... canto ...

Hudibras, part ... canto ...

[Pg 263]
[Pg 263]

This Dr. Gill whipped ... Duncomb, who was not long after a colonel of dragoons at Edgehill-fight, taken pissing against the wall. He had his sword by his side, but the boyes surprized him: somebody had throwen a stone in at the windowe; and they seised on the first man they lighted on.[975]I thinke his name was Sir John D. (Sir John Denham told me the storie), and he would have cutt the doctor, but he never went abroad but to church, and then his army went with him. He complained to the councill, but it became ridicule, and so his revenge sank.
This Dr. Gill caught Duncomb, who soon after became a colonel of dragoons at the Edgehill fight, while he was urinating against the wall. He had his sword at his side, but the boys surprised him: someone had thrown a stone through the window, and they grabbed the first guy they saw.[975]I think his name was Sir John D. (Sir John Denham told me the story), and he would have attacked the doctor, but he never went out except to church, and then his army accompanied him. He complained to the council, but it became a joke, and so his desire for revenge faded.

Dr. Triplet came to give his master a visit, and he whip't him. The Dr. gott ... Pitcher, of Oxford, who had a strong [976] and a sweet base, to sing this song under the schoole windowes, and gott a good guard to secure him with swords, etc., and he was preserved from the examen of the little myrmidons which issued-out to attach him; but he was so frighted that he bes ... him selfe most fearfully.
Dr. Triplet came to visit his master, and he whipped him. The doctor got Pitcher from Oxford, who had a strong voice and a sweet bass, to sing this song under the school windows, and got a good guard to protect him with swords, etc., and he was kept safe from the little henchmen that came out to get him; but he was so scared that he pretty much terrified himself.

In Paul's churchyard in London There lives a noble firker;
Take note, you who pass So that you don't experience his punishment. Please modernize the following text into contemporary English while maintaining its meaning. Do not omit or add any information, and do not provide any commentary. If you come across placeholders in the format __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_x__, you must NOT modify those placeholders in any way. Keep them exactly as they are for future link replacement. * * * * * * *
Still he cries Lift him up, lift him up, Sir,
Untrusse quickly. Oh the birch tool That he hangs around the school Frights worse than an inquisition.
If you happen to pass by there, As does the man of blacking;
He insults like a jerk Over the prey of the buttock
With a whip, it sends him packing.
Still he cries, etc. [Pg 264]
For when this well-trussed trouser The school is entering. With his napkin at his nose And his orange stuffed with cloves On any occasion... he'll venture.
Still does, etc.

A Frenchman void of English Asking about Paul's steeple His Pardonnez-moy
He counted a toy. For he whipped him in front of everyone.
Still he cries, etc.

A Welshman was once whipped there. Until he did bes... him
His Cuds-pluttera-nail
Could not succeed For he whipped the Welsh. He still cries, etc.

A captain of the militia; Called __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Cornelius Wallis; He whipped him so badly Both past and future He marked his .... like tally marks.
Still he cries, etc.

For some beef and turnip,
Neglected, with a cabbage, He got on the backseat Of his lively maid Jillian; And treated her like a burden.
Still he cries, etc.

A porter barged in rudely And disturbed the humming harmony,
He put on his coat And he paid his bill And saw him with his own cord.
Still he cries, etc.

[Pg 265]
[Pg 265]

Gill upon Gill [979], or Gill's ... uncas'd, unstript, unbound.

'Hey,
Did you send me this letter, Which is so disgusting and written in such a crude way,
In which I can't see any line. Of meaning or correct spelling? So messily it goes,
In poetry and prose,
"I need to take down your hose." "Oh good sir!" he then cried, "Privately, let it be,
" And don't criticize me openly.'
'Yes, sir, I'll support you openly
Before Sound__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ and the company; And none of you should lose hope. Even though you are a Bachelor of Arts, Even though you have paid your fees For your degrees:
But I will make you ... sneeze.
And now I begin
To separate it on your skin For now, I'm involved, I'm involved. First, for the themes that you sent me
Wherein you spouted a lot of nonsense,
And for that brutal piece of Greek
For which in Gartheus__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ you did seek. And for your many faults,
In Hebrew, For which a birch grove is appropriate.
Therefore, do not beg me. To pardon now your breach
For I will be your ...-leech, ...-leech.
Next for the offense that you caused
When you lived in Trinity, And had your ... in Wadham College many[Pg 266] For bidding sing Quicunque vult[982]
And for your blanket __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__
And many like that For which your name in town is well-known
And no one deserves this. Hearing as bad as Gill—
Your name is still a proverb,
You vented __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ have such nonsense. Next, you were a preacher. For which the Frenchmen all shout, "Shame!"
To hear such pulpit nonsense__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.
And sorry we’re here to see Such a deserving degree So ill given to you. But I’m happy to say The Masters made the stay Until you prayed for them in quarto__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. But now what remains is the most despicable thing,
The tavern complaining about the king And all his brave and noble peers;
For which you ventured for your ears.
And if you had your rights,
They had been completely cut off. And you had been a rogue in sight.
But though you find mercy But I won't be so nice. But I'll pull you back, back.

Joseph Glanville (1636-1680).

[987]Joseph Glanville, D.D.:—vide his funerall sermon [988] in St. Paul's church-yard at the signe of....
[987]Joseph Glanville, D.D.:—see his funeral sermon [988] in St. Paul's churchyard at the sign of....

[Pg 267]
[Pg 267]

[989]Dr. Joseph Glanville, minister of Bathe, was taken ill at Bridgewater, and returned home and dyed, Tuesday, November 9, 1680, and lies interred in ... at Bath abbey.
[989]Dr. Joseph Glanville, minister of Bath, got sick in Bridgewater, returned home, and passed away on Tuesday, November 9, 1680. He is buried in ... at Bath Abbey.

He was author of The zealous and impartiall Protestant, 4to, stitch't, printed by Henry Brome, London, 16<81>: his name is not to it. Had he lived the Parliament would have questioned him for it.
He was the author of The Zealous and Impartial Protestant, 4to, stitched, printed by Henry Brome, London, 1681: his name isn't on it. If he had lived, the Parliament would have questioned him about it.

Owen Glendower (1359(?)-1415).

[990]Quaere if you can find of what howse the famous Owen Glendower was. He was of Lincolns Inne, and dyed obscurely (I know where) in this county , keeping of sheepe.
[990]Ask if you can find out which house the famous Owen Glendower was from. He was from Lincoln's Inn and died quietly (I know where) in this county , raising sheep.

... Skydmore of Kenchurch married his sister, and ... Vaughan of Hergest was his kinsman; and these two mayntayned him secretly in the ebbe of his fortune.
... Skydmore of Kenchurch married his sister, and ... Vaughan of Hergest was his relative; and these two supported him quietly during the low point of his fortune.

Robert Glover (1544-1588).

[991]The learned herald, Mr. ... Glover, was borne at ... in Somersetshire; vide Fuller's 'Worthies' de hoc.
[991]The knowledgeable herald, Mr. ... Glover, was born in Somersetshire; see Fuller's 'Worthies' on this.

I have heard Sir Wm. Dugdale say, that though Mr. Camden had the name, yet Mr. Glover was the best herald that did ever belong to the office. He tooke a great deale of paines in searching the antiquities of severall counties. He wrote a most delicate hand, and pourtrayed finely.
I’ve heard Sir Wm. Dugdale say that even though Mr. Camden had the title, Mr. Glover was the best herald to ever hold the position. He put in a lot of effort researching the history of several counties. He wrote beautifully and had impressive drawing skills.

There is (or late was) at a coffee-house at the upper end of Bell-yard (or Shier-lane), under his owne hand, a Visitation of Cheshire, a most curious piece, which Sir Wm. Dugdale wish't me to see; and he told me that at York, at some ordinary house (I thinke a house of entertainment) he sawe such an elaborate piece of Yorkshire. But severall counties he surveyd, and that with [Pg 268]great exactnes, but after his death they were all scattered abroad, and fell into ignorant hands.
There used to be a coffee shop at the upper end of Bell-yard (or Shier-lane) that had, in his own handwriting, a Visitation of Cheshire, which was a very interesting piece that Sir Wm. Dugdale wanted me to check out. He mentioned that in York, at some regular place (I think it was an inn), he saw a similarly detailed Yorkshire piece. He surveyed several counties with great accuracy, but after his death, everything got scattered and ended up in the hands of people who didn't understand its value.

He lies interred neer Mr. Foxe's monument (who wrote the Martyrologie) in St. Giles' Cripplegate Chancell, but I could not find any inscription concerning him. ☞ Quaere the register when he was buried. 'Twas Mr. John Gibbons [992], Blewmantle, told me he was buried here. I thinke Mr. Glover was Blewmantle.
He is buried near Mr. Foxe's monument (who wrote the Martyrologie) in the St. Giles' Cripplegate Chapel, but I couldn't find any inscription about him. ☞ Check the register for when he was buried. It was Mr. John Gibbons [992], Blewmantle, who told me he was buried here. I believe Mr. Glover was Blewmantle.

Jonathan Goddard (1617-1674/5).

[993]Jonathan Godard, M.D., borne at Greenwich (or Rochester, where his father commonly lived; but, to my best remembrance, he told me at the former). His father was a ship-carpenter.
[993]Jonathan Godard, M.D., born in Greenwich (or Rochester, where his father usually lived; but, as far as I can remember, he said it was the former). His father was a ship carpenter.

He was of Magdalen hall, Oxon. He was one of the College of Physitians, in London; Warden of Merton College, Oxon, durante perduellione; physitian to Oliver Cromwell, Protector; went with him into Ireland. Quaere if not also sent to him into Scotland, when he was so dangerously ill there of a kind of calenture or high fever, which made him mad that he pistolled one or two of his commanders that came to visit him in his delirious rage.
He was from Magdalen Hall, Oxford. He was a member of the College of Physicians in London; Warden of Merton College, Oxford, during a time of rebellion; physician to Oliver Cromwell, the Protector; and accompanied him to Ireland. It’s worth asking whether he was also sent to Scotland when Cromwell was seriously ill there with a kind of high fever, which drove him mad enough to shoot one or two of his commanders who came to see him during his delirious rage.

Collegii Greshamensis Praelector [994] medicinae; where he lived, and had his laboratory [995] for Chymistrie. He was an admirable Chymist.
Collegii Greshamensis Praelector [994] medicine; where he lived and had his lab [995] for chemistry. He was an excellent chemist.

He had three or fower medicines wherwith he did all his cures: a great ingredient was Radix Serpentaria.—From Mr. Mich. Weekes, who looked to his stills.
He had three or four medicines that he used for all his cures: a key ingredient was Radix Serpentaria. —From Mr. Mich. Weekes, who managed his stills.

He intended to have left his library and papers to the Royall Societie, had he made his will, and had not dyed so suddainly [996]. So that his bookes (a good collection) are fallen into the hands of [997] a sister's son, a scholar in Caius Coll. Camb. But his papers are in the hands of [Pg 269]Sir John Bankes, Reg. Soc. Socius. There were his lectures at Chirurgions' hall; and two manuscripts in 4to, thicke volumnes, readie for the presse, one was a kind of Pharmacopœaia (his nephew has this). 'Tis possible his rare universall medicines aforesayd might be retrived amongst his papers. My Lord Brounker has the recipe but will not impart it.
He planned to leave his library and papers to the Royal Society if he had made his will and hadn’t died so suddenly. So now his books (a good collection) have gone to his sister's son, a scholar at Caius College, Cambridge. But his papers are with Sir John Bankes, a member of the Royal Society. There were his lectures at the Surgeons' Hall, and two thick quarto manuscripts ready for publication; one was a sort of pharmacopoeia (his nephew has this). It's possible that his rare universal medicines mentioned earlier could be found among his papers. My Lord Brounker has the recipe but won’t share it.

He was fellowe of the Royall Societie, and a zealous member for the improvement of naturall knowledge amongst them. They made him their drudge, for when any curious experiment was to be donne they would lay [998] the taske on him.
He was a fellow of the Royal Society and an enthusiastic member dedicated to advancing natural knowledge among them. They made him their go-to person because whenever there was a curious experiment to be done, they would assign the task to him.

He loved wine and was most curious in his wines, was hospitable, but dranke not to excesse, but it happened that comeing from his club at the Crowne taverne in Bloomesbery, a foote, 11 at night, he fell downe dead of an apoplexie in Cheapside, at Wood-street end, March 24, Anno Domini 1674/5, aetat. 56. Sepult. in the church of Great St. Helen, Londini.
He loved wine and was very particular about it. He was friendly and enjoyed hosting, but he didn't drink to excess. However, on his way home from his club at the Crown Tavern in Bloomsbury, at 11 PM, he suddenly collapsed and died of a stroke at the end of Cheapside, near Wood Street, on March 24, 1674/5, at the age of 56. He was buried in the church of Great St. Helen, London.

Sir Edmund Bury Godfrey (1621-1678).

[999]Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey was of Christ's Church in Oxon, and chamber-fellowe to my cosen W Morgan of Wells, in Peckwater, in north-east angle.
[999]Sir Edmund-Bury Godfrey was from Christ Church in Oxford and was a close associate of my cousin William Morgan from Wells, in Peckwater, in the northeast corner.

He was afterwards of Grayes Inne, and chamber-fellow to my counsell, Thomas Corbet, esq. I thinke Mr. Corbet told me he was called to the barre. But by match, or &c. he concieved he should gaine more by turning woodmonger.
He later became a member of Gray's Inn and was a roommate of my counselor, Thomas Corbet, Esq. I believe Mr. Corbet mentioned that he was called to the bar. However, due to marriage or other reasons, he thought he would make more money by becoming a wood dealer.

The rest of his life and death is lippis et tonsoribus notum.
The rest of his life and death is lippis et tonsoribus notum.

[Knighted [1000] for his great service done in London fire, 1666.]
[Knighted [1000] for his significant service during the London fire in 1666.]

Thomas Goodwyn.

[1001]... Goodwyn: he was borne in Norfolke: of the University of, I beleeve, Cambridge.
[1001]... Goodwyn: he was born in Norfolk, I believe, from the University of Cambridge.

[Pg 270]
[Pg 270]

He was ... of the court of Ludlowe (in which place Jack Butts was his successor).
He was ... of the court of Ludlow (where Jack Butts took over after him).

He maried first Barbara ... daughter of Sir W. Long, of Draycot-Cerne, in Wilts: 2d, ... Brabazon, of ... Hereffordshire; obiit sine prole.
He married first Barbara, the daughter of Sir W. Long, of Draycot-Cerne, in Wilts; second, Brabazon, of Herefordshire; he died without any children.

He was a generall scolar, and had a delicate witt; was a great historian, and an excellent poet. He wrote, among other things, ..., a Pastorall, acted at Ludlowe about 1637, an exquisite piece. The Journey into France, crept in bishop Corbet's poems, was made by him, by the same token it made him misse of the preferment of ... at court, Mary the queen-mother remembring how he had abused her brother, the king of France; which made him to accept of the place at Ludlowe, out of the view of the world.
He was a well-rounded scholar with a sharp wit; a great historian and an excellent poet. He wrote, among other works, a pastoral play performed in Ludlow around 1637, an exquisite piece. The Journey into France, included in Bishop Corbet's poems, was written by him, and it ended up costing him a court position because Mary, the Queen Mother, remembered how he had offended her brother, the King of France. This led him to take the position in Ludlow, away from the public eye.

When he sat in court there, he was wont to have Thuanus, or Tacitus, or etc. before him. He was as fine a gentleman as any in England, though now forgott. Obiit, at or about Ludlowe, circiter ... (quaere Sir J. H. and Sir James Long).
When he sat in court, he usually had Thuanus, Tacitus, or others in front of him. He was as great a gentleman as anyone in England, though now forgotten. He passed away, around Ludlow, circa ... (check with Sir J. H. and Sir James Long).

The Journey into France was made by Mr. Thomas Goodwyn, of Ludlowe, ...; certaine.
The Journey into France was made by Mr. Thomas Goodwyn, of Ludlowe, ...; certain.

Thomas Gore (1631/2-1684).

[1002]Genesis Thomae Gore armigeri by Charles Snell, esq.:—
[1002]Genesis of Thomas Gore, gentleman, by Charles Snell, esq.:—

'Tuesday, 20^mo Martii 1631/2, 11^h 00´ P.M. tempus aestimatum geneseos Thomae Gore, de Alderton , armigeri.'
'Tuesday, March 20, 1631/2, 11:00 PM estimated time of birth for Thomas Gore, of Alderton, Wiltshire, gentleman.'

Note.

This Thomas Gore, a writer on heraldry, was a correspondent of Anthony Wood: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 140, iv. 229. Aubrey habitually, in his letters to Wood, refers contemptuously to him as 'the cuckold of Alderton.'
This Thomas Gore, a writer on heraldry, was a correspondent of Anthony Wood: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 140, iv. 229. Aubrey often referred to him in his letters to Wood with contempt as 'the cuckold of Alderton.'

Sir Arthur Gorges (15..-1625).

[1003]'Sir Arthur Gorges [1004] was buried August the 22^th 1661'—ex registro Chelsey.
[1003]'Sir Arthur Gorges [1004] was buried on August 22^nd, 1661'—from the Chelsey records.

[Pg 271]
[Pg 271]

In obitum illustrissimi viri Dⁱ. Arthuri Gorges, equitis aurati, epicedium.
In memory of the most illustrious Sir Dⁱ. Arthur Gorges, a knight of the golden spurs, an elegy.

You defend the nation, born woman, most famous spouse; The clever crowd of the school greatly suffers. At Lucanus__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ claims he will not die while alive. Arthurum Gorges: he himself brought honor.
Arthur, longing for the skies, seeks to reach the heavens. And the ninth is present, born in his name.

[LXXIV.] transtulit Lucanum.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ translated Lucanum.

In the aisle of the Gorges, viz. south side of the church of Chelsey on an altar monument made for his father or grandfather—'D^s. Arthur Gorge, eq. aur., filius ejus natu maximus.'
In the aisle of the Gorges, specifically on the south side of the church of Chelsey, there's an altar monument made for his father or grandfather—'D^s. Arthur Gorge, eq. aur., his eldest son.'

John Gower (1327?-1408).

[1005]John Gower, esq., poet, has a very worshipfull monument in the north side of the church of St. Saviour's Southwarke; an incumbent figure: about his head is a chaplet of gold—
[1005]John Gower, Esq., poet, has an impressive monument on the north side of St. Saviour's Church in Southwark; a standing figure: around his head is a crown of gold—

meriti, etc.—
merit, etc.—

and a silver collar of SSS about his neck.
and a silver collar of SSS around his neck.

Vide iterum, and also his booke.
Vide iterum, and also his book.

John Graunt (1620-1674).

[1006]Captaine John Graunt (afterwards, major) was borne (ex MS^to patris sui) 24º die Aprilis, ½ an houre before eight a clock on a Munday morning, the signe being in the 9 degree of Gemini that day at 12 a clock, Anno Domini 1620.
[1006]Captain John Graunt (later, major) was born (from the records of his father) on April 24th, half an hour before eight o'clock on a Monday morning, with the sign in the 9th degree of Gemini that day at noon, in the year 1620.

He was the sonne of Henry Graunt, who was borne 18 January 1592 [1007], being Tuesday, at night; et obiit 21 March, 1661/2, being Fryday, between one and two in the morning; buryed in the vault in the new vestrie in St. Michaels church in Cornhill. He was borne in ..., Hantshire.
He was the son of Henry Grant, who was born on January 18, 1592 [1007], which was a Tuesday night; he died on March 21, 1661/2, a Friday, between one and two in the morning; he was buried in the vault in the new vestry at St. Michael's Church in Cornhill. He was born in..., Hampshire.

His son John was borne at the 7 Starres in Burchin Lane, London, in the parish of St. Michael's Cornhill.
His son John was born at the 7 Stars in Burchin Lane, London, in the parish of St. Michael's Cornhill.

[Pg 272]
[Pg 272]

He wrote Observations on the bills of mortality very ingeniosely (but I beleeve, and partly know, that he had his hint from his intimate and familiar friend Sir William Petty), to which he made some Additions, since printed. And he intended, had he lived, to have writt more on the subject.
He wrote Observations on the Bills of Mortality very cleverly (though I believe, and partly know, that he got the idea from his close friend Sir William Petty), to which he later made some Additions, which have been published. He intended, had he lived, to write more on the topic.

He writt also some Observations on the advance of excise, not printed: quaere his widowe for them.
He also wrote some Observations on the advance of excise, which haven’t been printed: check with his widow for them.

To give him his due prayse, he was a very ingeniose and studious person, and generally beloved, and rose early in the morning to his study before shop-time. He understood Latin and French. He was a pleasant facetious companion, and very hospitable.
To give him his due praise, he was a very creative and studious person, generally well-liked, and he would rise early in the morning to study before shop hours. He understood Latin and French. He was a fun and witty companion and very welcoming.

He was bred-up (as the fashion then was) in the Puritan way; wrote short-hand dextrously; and after many yeares constant hearing and writing sermon-notes, he fell to buying and reading of the best Socinian bookes, and for severall yeares continued of that opinion. At last, about ..., he turned a Roman Catholique, of which religion he dyed a great zealot.
He was raised (as was the custom at the time) in the Puritan tradition; wrote shorthand skillfully; and after many years of regularly listening to and taking notes on sermons, he began buying and reading the best Socinian books, and for several years held that belief. Eventually, around ..., he converted to Roman Catholicism, of which faith he died a passionate adherent.

He was free of the drapers' company, and by profession was a haberdasher of small-wares. He had gone through all the offices [1008] of the city so far as common-councell-man. Captain of the trayned-bands severall yeares; major, 2 or 3 yeares.—He was a common councell man 2 yeares, and then putt out (as also of his military employment in the trayned band) for his religion.
He was no longer part of the drapers' company and worked as a small goods haberdasher. He had served in all the city offices as a common council member. He was the captain of the trained bands for several years and a major for 2 or 3 years. He was a common council member for 2 years before being removed (as well as from his military role in the trained band) because of his faith.

He was admitted a fellowe of the Royall Societie, anno 16.. (about 1663).
He was admitted as a fellow of the Royal Society, in the year 16.. (around 1663).

He broke [1009].... He dyed on Easter eve [1010] 1674; buryed on the Wednesday in Easter-weeke in St. Dunstan's church in Fleet Strete under the gallery about the middle (or more west) north side, anno aetatis suae 54.
He passed away on Easter Eve in 1674 and was buried on the Wednesday during Easter week at St. Dunstan's Church on Fleet Street, under the gallery, around the middle (or more toward the west) side, at the age of 54.

He had one son, a man, who dyed in Persia; one daughter, a nunne at ... (I thinke, Gaunt). His widowe yet alive.
He had one son, a man, who died in Persia; one daughter, a nun at ... (I think, Gaunt). His widow is still alive.

[Pg 273]
[Pg 273]

[1011]Major John Graunt dyed on Easter-eve 1674, and was buryed the Wednesday followeing in St. Dunstan's church in Fleet street in the body of the said church under the piewes towards the gallery on the north side, i.e., under the piewes (alias hoggsties) of the north side of the middle aisle (what pitty 'tis so great an ornament of the citty should be buryed so obscurely!), aetatis anno 54º.
[1011]Major John Graunt died on Easter Eve 1674 and was buried the following Wednesday in St. Dunstan's Church on Fleet Street, within the body of the church under the pews towards the gallery on the north side, specifically under the pews (also known as hoggsties) on the north side of the middle aisle. It's a shame that such a prominent figure from the city is buried so unnoticed! He was 54 years old at the time of his death.

Was borne in Burchin lane, at the 7 Starres, in St. Michael's Cornhill parish, at which place he continued his trade till about 2 yeares since.
Was born in Burchin Lane, at the 7 Stars, in St. Michael's Cornhill parish, where he continued his trade until about 2 years ago.

{1. Political}
His 'Observations on the bills of mortality {2. . . . . . }'
{3. . . . . . }

{1. Political}
His 'Insights on the mortality rates {2. . . . . . }'
{3. . . . . . }

hath been printed more then once; and now very scarce.
has been printed more than once; and is now very rare.

He wrott some 'Observations on the advance of the excise,' not printed; and intended to have writt more of the bills of mortality; and also intended to have written something of religion.
He wrote some 'Observations on the Increase of the Excise,' not published; and he planned to write more about the bills of mortality; he also intended to write something on religion.

He was by trade a haberdasher of small wares, but was free of the drapers' company. A man generally beloved; a faythfull friend. Often chosen for his prudence and justnes to be an arbitrator; and he was a great peace-maker. He had an excellent working head, and was very facetious and fluent in his conversation.
He worked as a haberdasher selling small goods, but he wasn't part of the drapers' guild. He was generally well-liked and a loyal friend. He was frequently chosen for his wisdom and fairness to be a mediator, and he was great at resolving conflicts. He had a sharp mind and was very witty and articulate in his conversations.

[1012]He had gonne thorough all the offices of the city so far as common councill man. He was common councill man two yeares. Captaine of the trayned band, severall yeares: major of it, two or three yeares, and then layd downe trade and all other publique employment for his religion, being a Roman Catholique.
[1012]He had gone through all the positions in the city up to being a city councilor. He was a city councilor for two years. Captain of the trained band for several years, major for two or three years, and then he stepped away from trade and all other public duties for his faith, being a Roman Catholic.

Ex MSS. patris ejus:—'My son, John Graunt, was borne 24th day of April halfe an howre before 8 a clock on a Monday morning anno Domini 1620.'
Ex MSS. patris ejus:—'My son, John Graunt, was born on April 24th, half an hour before 8 o'clock on a Monday morning in the year 1620.'

He was my honoured and worthy friend—cujus animae propitietur Deus, Amen.
He was my esteemed and valued friend—may God have mercy on his soul, Amen.

His death is lamented by all good men that had the [Pg 274]happinesse to knowe him; and a great number of ingeniose persons attended him to his grave. Among others, with teares, was that ingeniose great virtuoso, Sir William Petty, his old and intimate acquaintance, who was sometime a student at Brase-nose College.
His death is mourned by all the good people who had the [Pg 274] privilege of knowing him; and a large number of talented individuals accompanied him to his grave. Among them, with tears in his eyes, was the brilliant virtuoso, Sir William Petty, his old and close friend, who was once a student at Brasenose College.

Edward Greaves (1608-1680).

[1013]Sir Edward Greaves, M.D., obiit Thursday November 11, 1680 in Convent Garden; buried in the church there.
[1013]Sir Edward Greaves, M.D., died Thursday, November 11, 1680, in Covent Garden; buried in the church there.

Scripsit Morbus epidemicus, or the new desease, 4to, stitch't, printed at Oxford about 1643.
Scripsit Morbus epidemicus, or the new disease, 4to, stitched, printed at Oxford around 1643.

Port 'gules, an eagle displayed or, crowned argent.'
Port 'red, a gold eagle displayed, crowned silver.'

... Gregory.

[1014]... Gregorie, famous peruq-maker, buryed at St. Clement Danes church dore west. Quaere inscription in rythme from baron [1015] Gregory, baron of the exchequer.
[1014]... Gregorie, a well-known wig maker, was buried at St. Clement Danes church, west door. Look for the inscription in verse from Baron [1015] Gregory, Baron of the Exchequer.

Vide Cotgrave's french dictionary ubi peruqes are called Gregorians.
Vide Cotgrave's French dictionary where peruqes are called Gregorians.

[1016]Peruques not commonly worne till 1660. Memorandum there was one Gregorie in the Strand that was the first famous periwig-maker; and they were then called Gregorians (mentioned in Cotgrave's Dictionarie in verbo perruque). He lies buried by the west church-dore of St. Clements Danes, where he had an inscription which mentioned it. 'Twas in verse and Sir William Gregorie (one of the Barons of the Exchequer) read and told it me. Quaere of him + de hoc.
[1016]Periwigs weren't commonly worn until 1660. Note that there was a guy named Gregorie in the Strand who was the first famous wig maker; they were referred to as Gregorians (mentioned in Cotgrave's Dictionary in verbo perruque). He is buried by the west door of St. Clements Danes church, where there was an inscription about it. It was in verse, and Sir William Gregorie (one of the Barons of the Exchequer) read it to me. Ask him about it.

Sir Thomas Gresham (1519-1579).

[1017]Memorandum [EI]:—Mr. Shirman, the attorney, at Inneholders-hall, hath a copie of Sir Thomas Gresham's will [EJ], which procure.
[1017]Memorandum [EI]:—Mr. Shirman, the lawyer, at Inneholders-hall, has a copy of Sir Thomas Gresham's will [EJ], which you should get.

Notes.

[EI] Aubrey in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8, gives in trick the coats:—(a), 'argent, a chevron ermine between 3 mullets pierced sable: crest, a grasshopper: motto, Fortun amy [Sir Thomas Gresham, 1601]': and (b), 'or, on a bend vert 3 bucks' heads caboshed argent.'
[EI] Aubrey in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8, provides the coats in a sketch:—(a), 'silver, a chevron ermine between three pierced black stars: crest, a grasshopper: motto, Fortun amy [Sir Thomas Gresham, 1601]'; and (b), 'gold, on a green diagonal stripe three silver buck heads facing forward.'

[EJ] Twice alluded to in MS. Aubr. 8, viz., (fol. 8) 'Copie out Sir Thomas Gresham's will from Mr. Shirman'; (fol. 12) 'Sir Thomas Gresham, knight: quaere copie of his will from Mr. Shirman, attornie.'
[EJ] Twice mentioned in MS. Aubr. 8, specifically, (fol. 8) 'Copy of Sir Thomas Gresham's will from Mr. Shirman'; (fol. 12) 'Sir Thomas Gresham, knight: ask for a copy of his will from Mr. Shirman, attorney.'

[Pg 275]
[Pg 275]

Fulke Greville, lord Brooke (1554-1628).
Robert Greville, lord Brooke (1607-1642/3).

[1018]Sir Fulke Greville, lord Brokes, adopted a parke-keeper's sonne his heire, who (I thinke) had but one eie: vide de hoc in Dr. Heylen's Historie of the church of England ... Vide Sir William Davenant's life [1019] in part 1^st .
[1018]Sir Fulke Greville, Lord Brokes, adopted the son of a park keeper as his heir, who (I believe) only had one eye: see this in Dr. Heylen's History of the Church of England ... See Sir William Davenant's life [1019] in part 1^st .

Poems, in folio, London, printed....
Poems, in folio, London, published....

'The life [1020] of the renowned Sir Philip Sidney, with the true Interest of England, as it then stood in relation to all Forrain Princes: And particularly for suppressing the power of Spain, stated by him. Written by Sir Fulke Grevil, knight, lord Brook, a servant to Queen Elisabeth, and his companion and friend. London, printed for H. Seile, over against St. Dunstan's church, in Fleet-street, M.DC.LII.'
'The life [1020] of the famous Sir Philip Sidney, regarding the true interests of England at that time in relation to all foreign princes: Especially about diminishing the power of Spain, as explained by him. Written by Sir Fulke Grevil, knight, lord Brook, a servant to Queen Elizabeth, and his companion and friend. London, printed for H. Seile, across from St. Dunstan's church, in Fleet-street, M.DC.LII.'

Vide in Sir William Dugdale's Warwickshire his noble castle [1021], and monument with this inscription: 'Here lies the body of Sir Fulke Grevile knight servant to Q. Eliz., counsellor to King James, and friend to Sir Philip Sidney.'
Vide in Sir William Dugdale's Warwickshire his noble castle [1021], and monument with this inscription: 'Here lies the body of Sir Fulke Grevile, knight, servant to Queen Elizabeth, counselor to King James, and friend to Sir Philip Sidney.'

lord Brookes, was maried to daughter of the earle of Bedford. He was killed at the siege of Lichfield, March the 2d (St. Chad's day, to whom the Church is dedicated) <1642/3> by a minister's sonne, borne deafe and dumbe, out of the church. He was armed cap à pied; only his bever was open. I was then at Trinity College in Oxon. and doe perfectly remember the story.
lord Brookes, was married to daughter of the earl of Bedford. He was killed during the siege of Lichfield on March 2nd (St. Chad's day, to whom the Church is dedicated) <1642/3> by a minister's son, who was born deaf and mute, outside the church. He was fully armed, except his visor was open. I was then at Trinity College in Oxford and I clearly remember the story.

The lord Brookes, that was killed at Lichfield, printed a booke about Religion, a little before the civill warres, by [Pg 276]the same token that in [1022] song on the Lords then, his was:—'Brook is a foole in print.'
The Lord Brookes, who was killed at Lichfield, published a book about religion shortly before the civil wars. By the same token, in a song about the Lords at that time, his character was described as:—'Brooks is a fool in print.'

Peter Gunning (1614-1684).

[1023]... Gunning, episcopus Eliensis;—his father was a minister in the Wild of Kent; and 'tis thought he was borne there, scil. at Brenchley.
[1023]... Gunning, Bishop of Ely; his father was a minister in the Wilds of Kent, and it’s believed he was born there, specifically in Brenchley.

Edmund Gunter (1581-1626).

[1024]Mr. Edmund Gunter [EK]:—for his birth, etc., see in Antiq. Oxon. A. Wood.
[1024]Mr. Edmund Gunter [EK]:—for details about his birth, etc., see in Antiq. Oxon. A. Wood.

Captain Ralph Gretorex, mathematical instrument maker in London, sayd that he was the first that brought mathematicall instruments to perfection. His booke of the quadrant, sector, and crosse-staffe did open men's understandings and made young men in love with that studie. Before, the mathematical sciences were lock't up in the Greeke and Latin tongues and so [1025] lay untoucht, kept safe in some libraries. After Mr. Gunter published his booke, these sciences sprang up amain, more and more to that height it is at now (1690).
Captain Ralph Gretorex, a mathematical instrument maker in London, said that he was the first to perfect mathematical instruments. His book on the quadrant, sector, and cross-staff opened people's minds and inspired young men to fall in love with this study. Before, the mathematical sciences were confined to Greek and Latin, remaining untouched and safely stored in some libraries. After Mr. Gunter published his book, these sciences flourished rapidly, reaching the impressive level they are at now (1690).

When he was a student at Christ Church, it fell to his lott to preach the Passion sermon, which some old divines that I knew did heare, but they sayd that 'twas sayd of him then in the University that our Saviour never suffered so much since his passion as in that sermon, it was such a lamentable one—
When he was a student at Christ Church, he was assigned to preach the Passion sermon, which some old theologians I knew heard, but they said that it was said of him then at the University that our Savior never suffered as much since his passion as he did during that sermon; it was just that sad—

Non omnia possumus omnes.
Not everyone can do everything.

The world is much beholding to him for what he hath donne well.
The world owes him a lot for what he has done well.

Gunter is originally a Brecknockshire family, of Tregunter. They came thither under the conduct of Sir Bernard Newmarch when he made the conquest of that county (Camden).—'Aubrey, Gunter, Waldbeof, Havard, Pichard' (which is falsely express'd in all Mr. Camden's bookes, scil. Prichard, which is non-sense).
Gunter is originally from a family in Brecknockshire, specifically Tregunter. They arrived there under the leadership of Sir Bernard Newmarch when he conquered that county (Camden). —'Aubrey, Gunter, Waldbeof, Havard, Pichard' (which is incorrectly stated in all of Mr. Camden's books, namely Prichard, which makes no sense).

[Pg 277]
[Pg 277]

Note.

[EK] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'sable, 3 gauntletts argent'; and adds 'quaere if these gauntletts are dextre or sinistre?'
[EK] Aubrey tricks the coat:—'sable, 3 gauntlets argent'; and adds 'ask if these gauntlets are right or left?'

John Guy (15..-1628).

[1026]Memorandum:—... Guy, alderman of Bristoll, was the wisest man of his time in that city. He was as their oracle and they chose him for one of their representatives to sitt in Parliament.
[1026]Memorandum:—... Guy, an alderman from Bristol, was the smartest person of his time in that city. He was seen as their oracle, and they selected him as one of their representatives to sit in Parliament.

'Twas he that brought in the for lowering of interest from ten in the hundred to eight per centum.
It was him who introduced the to reduce the interest from ten percent to eight percent.

... Gwyn.

[1027]Surlinesse and inurbanitie too common in England: chastise these very severely [1028].
[1027]The rudeness and lack of manners that are too common in England: deal with these very harshly [1028].

A better instance of a squeamish and disobligeing, slighting, insolent, proud, fellow [1029], perhaps cant be found then in ... Gwin, the earl of Oxford's [1030] secretary. No reason satisfies him, but he overweenes, and cutts some sower faces that would turne the milke in a faire ladie's breast.
A better example of a squeamish and uncooperative, dismissive, rude, and arrogant guy, perhaps can't be found than in ... Gwin, the Earl of Oxford's secretary. Nothing seems to satisfy him; he's full of himself and makes some sour faces that could curdle the milk in a beautiful lady's breast.

William Habington (1605-1645).

[1031]William Habington, of Hindlip in Worcestershire, esq., maried Luce, daughter of William , lord Powes, 1634, as by the Worcestershire Visitation it appeares.
[1031]William Habington, from Hindlip in Worcestershire, married Luce, the daughter of William Herbert, Lord Powes, in 1634, as noted in the Worcestershire Visitation.

He was a very learned gentleman, author of a poem called Castara. He wrote a live of one of the kings of England.
He was a highly educated gentleman, the author of a poem titled Castara. He also wrote a biography of one of the kings of England.

Note.

Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'argent, on a bend gules 3 eagles displayed, or; impaling, party per pale argent and gules 3 lions rampant counterchanged, within a bordure gobony, or and ..., a crescent for difference.'
Aubrey concedes with the coat of arms:—'silver, on a red diagonal stripe 3 eagles shown, gold; combined, split vertically silver and red 3 lions standing on their hind legs alternately colored, surrounded by a patterned border of gold and ..., a crescent for distinction.'

[Pg 278]
[Pg 278]

Sir Matthew Hale (1609-1676).

[1032]Judge Hale's accidents.

1609, natus, November 1^st, in the evening, his father then being at his prayers.
1609, born on November 1^st, in the evening, while his father was praying.

1612, death of his mother, April 23.
1612, death of his mother, April 23.

1614, his father dyed, moneth not known.
1614, his father died, month not known.

1625, went to Oxon to Magdalen Hall; vide A. Wood's History of Oxon when matriculated.
1625, went to Oxford to Magdalen Hall; see A. Wood's History of Oxford when enrolled.

1628, admitted of the society of Lincolne's Inne, November 8.
1628, admitted to the society of Lincoln's Inn, November 8.

1636, this yeare called to the barre, quaere in what terme.
1636, this year called to the bar, question in what term.

1640, maried the first time. He was a great cuckold.
1640, married for the first time. He was a real cuckold.

1656, his second mariage to his servant mayd, Mary.
1656, his second marriage to his servant maid, Mary.

1660, made Lord Chief Baron.
1660, became Lord Chief Baron.

1671, Lord Chiefe Justice of England, 18 May.
1671, Chief Justice of England, May 18.

1676, Christmas day, he dyed.
1676, Christmas Day, he died.

[1033]Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, was borne at Alderley in com. Glouc., November 1^st, 1609; christned the 5^th. Quaere Mr. Edward Stephens horam, for he has it exactly. When his mother fell in labour, his father was offering up his evening sacrifice.
[1033]Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, was born in Alderley, Gloucestershire, on November 1^st, 1609; baptized on the 5^th. Check with Mr. Edward Stephens for the exact details. When his mother went into labor, his father was performing his evening prayers.

[1034]That incomparable man for goodnes and universality of learning, Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of England, hath writt the description of Gloucestershire, an elaborate piece, and ready for the presse. The transcripts of the Tower for it cost him 40 li.
[1034]The remarkable man for his goodness and extensive knowledge, Sir Matthew Hales, Lord Chief Justice of England, has written a detailed description of Gloucestershire, which is polished and ready for print. The transcripts from the Tower for this cost him 40 li.

John Hales (1584-1656).

[1035]Mr. John Hales, ...[1036], was borne at Wells, I thinke I have heard Mr. John Sloper say (vicar of Chalke; his mother was Mr. Hales's sister, and he bred him at Eaton).
[1035]Mr. John Hales, ...[1036], was born in Wells. I think I heard Mr. John Sloper say (the vicar of Chalke; his mother was Mr. Hales's sister, and he raised him at Eaton).

[Pg 279]
[Pg 279]

His father was a steward to the family of the Horners:—
His father worked as a steward for the Horner family:—

Hopton, Horner, Smyth, and Thynne, When abbots left, they entered __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Went to school, at Bath (as I take it). Fellow of Merton Colledge. Assisted Sir Henry Savill in his edition of Chrysostome (cum aliis). Afterwards fellow of Eaton College.
Went to school in Bath (as I understand it). Fellow of Merton College. Helped Sir Henry Savill with his edition of Chrysostom (and others). Later became a fellow of Eton College.

Went chaplain to Sir Dudley Carlton (ambassador to ...). I thinke was at the Synod of Dort.
Went to serve as chaplain to Sir Dudley Carlton (ambassador to ...). I think I was at the Synod of Dort.

When the Court was at Windsor, the learned courtiers much delighted his company, and were wont to grace him with their company.
When the Court was at Windsor, the wise courtiers really enjoyed his company and often honored him with theirs.

I have heard his nephew, Mr. Sloper, say, that he much loved to read ... Stephanus, who was a familist, I thinke that first wrote of that sect of the Familie of Love: he was mightily taken with it, and was wont to say that sometime or other those fine notions would take in the world. He was one of the first Socinians in England, I thinke the first.
I’ve heard his nephew, Mr. Sloper, say that he really loved to read ... Stephanus, who was a familist, I think was the first to write about that sect of the Family of Love: he was really into it and used to say that someday those great ideas would catch on in the world. He was one of the first Socinians in England; I think he was the very first.

He was a generall scolar, and I beleeve a good poet: for Sir John Suckling brings him into the Session of the Poets:
He was a well-rounded scholar, and I believe a good poet because Sir John Suckling includes him in the Session of the Poets:

Little Hales always just smiled,
"To see them, without any reason, just make such a fuss."

He had a noble librarie of bookes, and those judicially chosen, which cost him ... li. (quaere Mr. Sloper); and which he sold to Cornelius Bee, bookeseller, in Little Britaine, (as I take it, for 1000 li.) which was his maintenance after he was ejected out of his fellowship at Eaton College. He had then only reserved some few for his private use, to wind-up his last dayes withall.
He had a great collection of books, carefully selected, which cost him ... li. (ask Mr. Sloper); and he sold them to Cornelius Bee, a bookseller in Little Britain, (as I recall, for 1000 li.) which provided for him after he was dismissed from his fellowship at Eaton College. He had only kept a few for his personal use, to spend his final days with.

The ladie Salter (neer Eaton) was very kind to him after the sequestration; he was very welcome to her ladyship, and spent much of his time there. At Eaton he lodged (after his sequestration) at the next house the Christopher (inne), where I sawe him, a prettie little man,[Pg 280] sanguine, of a cheerfull countenance, very gentile, and courteous; I was recieved by him with much humanity: he was in a kind of violet-colourd cloath gowne, with buttons and loopes (he wore not a black gowne), and was reading Thomas à Kempis; it was within a yeare before he deceased. He loved Canarie; but moderately, to refresh his spirits.
The Lady Salter (near Eaton) was very kind to him after the exile; he was always welcome at her place and spent a lot of his time there. After his exile, he stayed at the house next to the Christopher Inn, where I saw him. He was a nice little man, lively, with a cheerful face, very genteel and courteous; he received me warmly. He was wearing a kind of violet-colored cloth gown, with buttons and loops (not a black gown), and was reading Thomas à Kempis; this was about a year before he passed away. He enjoyed Canary wine, but just in moderation to lift his spirits.

He had a bountifull mind. I remember in 1647, a little after the Visitation [1038], when Thomas Mariett, esq., Mr. William Radford, and Mr. Edward Wood (all of Trinity College) had a frolique from Oxon to London, on foot, having never been there before, they happened to take Windsore in their way, made their addresse to this good gentleman, being then fellow. Mr. Edward Wood was the spookes-man, remonstrated that they were Oxon scholars: he treated them well, and putt into Mr. Wood's hands ten shillings.
He had a generous mind. I remember in 1647, shortly after the Visitation [1038], when Thomas Mariett, Esq., Mr. William Radford, and Mr. Edward Wood (all from Trinity College) made a trip from Oxford to London on foot, having never been there before. They happened to stop by Windsor along the way and approached this kind gentleman, who was then a fellow. Mr. Edward Wood spoke up, explaining that they were Oxford scholars. He treated them well and gave Mr. Wood ten shillings.

He lies buried in the church yard at Eaton, under an altar monument of black marble, erected at the sole chardge of Mr. ... Curwyn, with a too long epitaph. He was no kiff or kin to him.
He is buried in the churchyard at Eaton, beneath a black marble altar monument, built entirely at the expense of Mr. ... Curwyn, which has an overly long epitaph. He was no relative to him.

[1039]Mr. John Hales dyed at Mris Powney's house, a widow-woman, in Eaton, opposite to the churchyard, adjoyning to the Christopher Inne southwards. 'Tis the howse where I sawe him.
[1039]Mr. John Hales died at Mrs. Powney's house, a widow, in Eaton, across from the churchyard, next to the Christopher Inn to the south. That's the house where I saw him.

She is a very good woman and of a gratefull spirit. She told me that when she was maried, Mr. Hales was very bountifull to them in helping them [1040] to live in the world. She was very gratefull to him and respectfull to him.
She is a very good woman with a grateful spirit. She told me that when she got married, Mr. Hales was very generous in helping them to get by in the world. She felt very grateful to him and showed him a lot of respect.

She told me that Mr. Hales was the common godfather there, and 'twas pretty to see, as he walked to Windsor, how his godchildren asked him blessing [1041]. When he was bursar, he still gave away all his groates for the acquittances to his godchildren; and by that time he came to Windsor bridge, he would have never a groate left.
She told me that Mr. Hales was the main godfather there, and it was nice to see how his godchildren asked for his blessing as he walked to Windsor. When he was the bursar, he gave away all his money for the payments to his godchildren; by the time he reached Windsor Bridge, he wouldn't have had a penny left.

This Mris Powney assures me that the poor were more [Pg 281]relieveable, that is to say, that he recieved more kindnesse from them than from the rich. That that I putt downe of my lady Salter (sister to Brian Duppa, bishop of Sarum), from his nephew Sloper, vicar of Chalke, is false [1042]. She had him to her house indeed, but 'twas to teach her sonne, who was such a blockhead he could not read well.
This Mris Powney assures me that the poor were easier to help, meaning that he received more kindness from them than from the rich. What I wrote about my lady Salter (sister to Brian Duppa, bishop of Sarum), from his nephew Sloper, vicar of Chalke, is false. She did have him to her house, but it was to tutor her son, who was such a dullard that he couldn't read well.

Cornelius Bee bought his library for 700 li., which cost him not lesse then 2,500 li. Mris Powney told me that she was much against the sale of 'em, because she knew it was his life and joy.
Cornelius Bee bought his library for 700 li., which cost him no less than 2,500 li. Mrs. Powney told me that she was really against the sale of them because she knew it was his passion and happiness.

He might have been restored to his fellowship again, but he would not accept the offer. He was not at all covetous, and desired only to leave x li. to bury him.
He could have been restored to his fellowship again, but he wouldn’t accept the offer. He wasn't greedy at all and only wanted to leave x li. to bury him.

He bred-up our vicar, [Sloper [1043]], who, she told me, never sent him a token; and he is angry with her, thinks he left her too much.
He raised our vicar, [Sloper [1043]], who, she told me, never sent him a thank-you gift; and he’s angry with her, thinking he gave her too much.

She is a woman primitively good, and deserves to be remembred. I wish I had her Christian name. Her husband has an inscription on a gravestone in Eaton College chapel towards the south wall.
She is a genuinely good woman and deserves to be remembered. I wish I knew her first name. Her husband has an inscription on a gravestone in the chapel at Eaton College, located on the south wall.

She has a handsome darke old-fashioned howse. The hall, after the old fashion, above the wainscot, painted cloath, with godly sentences out of the Psalmes, etc., according to the pious custome of old times; a convenient garden and orchard. She has been handsome: a good understanding, and cleanlie.
She has a lovely, traditional old house. The hallway, in an old-fashioned style, features painted cloth above the wainscoting, decorated with uplifting phrases from the Psalms and other religious texts, following the pious customs of the past; it has a nice garden and orchard. She has been attractive: smart and tidy.

Joseph Hall (1574-1656).

[1044]Joseph Hall, bishop of Exon, etc.: he was a keeper's son in Norfolke (I thinke, neer Norwich).—From old Mr. Theophilus Woodenoth.
[1044]Joseph Hall, bishop of Exeter, etc.: he was the son of a gamekeeper in Norfolk (I believe, near Norwich).—From the late Mr. Theophilus Woodenoth.

He wrote most of his fine discourses at Worcester, when he was deane there.—From Mr. Francis Potter, who went to schole there.
He wrote most of his great speeches in Worcester when he was dean there. —From Mr. Francis Potter, who attended school there.

[Pg 282]
[Pg 282]

Monsieur Balzac exceedingly admired him and often quotes him: vide Balzac's Apologie.
Monsieur Balzac greatly admired him and often quotes him: see Balzac's Apologie.

Edmund Halley (1656-1741/2).

[1045]Mr. Edmund Hally, astronomer, born October 29, 1656, London—this nativity I had from Mr. Hally himself.
[1045]Mr. Edmund Hally, astronomer, born October 29, 1656, in London—this information I got directly from Mr. Hally himself.

[1046]Mr. Edmund Halley [1047], Artium Magister, the eldest son of Halley, a soape-boyler, a wealthy citizen of the city of London; of the Halleys, of Derbyshire, a good family.
[1046]Mr. Edmund Halley [1047], Master of Arts, the oldest son of Halley, a soap maker and a wealthy citizen of London; from the Halleys of Derbyshire, a reputable family.

He was born in Shoreditch parish, at a place called Haggerston, the backside of Hogsdon.
He was born in Shoreditch, at a place called Haggerston, behind Hogsdon.

At 9 yeares old, his father's apprentice taught him to write, and arithmetique. He went to Paule's schoole to Dr. Gale: while he was there he was very perfect in the Caelestiall Globes insomuch that I heard Mr. Moxon (the globe-maker) say that if a star were misplaced in the globe, he would presently find it.
At 9 years old, his father's apprentice taught him to write and do arithmetic. He went to Paul's school with Dr. Gale; while he was there, he became very skilled with the celestial globes to the point that I heard Mr. Moxon (the globe-maker) say that if a star were incorrectly placed on the globe, he could find it right away.

At ... he studyed Geometry, and at 16 could make a dyall, and then, he said, thought himselfe a brave fellow.
At ... he studied Geometry, and by 16 could make a sundial, and then, he said, thought of himself as a great guy.

At <16> went to Queen's Colledge in Oxon, well versed in Latin, Greeke, and Hebrew: where, at the age of nineteen, he solved this useful probleme in astronomie, never donne before, ☞ viz. 'from 3 distances given from the sun, and angles between, to find the orbe' (mentioned in the Philosophicall Transactions, Aug. or Sept. 1676, No. 115), for which his name will be ever famous.
At <16> he went to Queen's College in Oxford, where he was skilled in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. At the age of nineteen, he solved a significant problem in astronomy that had never been done before, namely 'given 3 distances from the sun and the angles between them, to find the orbit' (mentioned in the Philosophical Transactions, August or September 1676, No. 115), for which his name will always be remembered.

Anno Domini ... tooke his degree of Bacc. Art.; Anno Domini ... tooke his degree of Master of Arts [1048].
Anno Domini ... received his Bachelor of Arts degree; Anno Domini ... received his Master of Arts degree [1048].

Anno ... left Oxon, and lived at London with his father till <1676>; at which time he gott leave, and a viaticum of his father, to goe to the Island of Sancta [Pg 283]Hellena, purely upon the account of advancement in Astronomy, to make the globe of the Southerne Hemisphere right, which before was very erroneous, as being donne only after the observations of ignorant seamen. There he stayed ... moneths. There went over with him (amongst others) a woman ... yeares old, and her husband ... old, who had no child in ... yeares; before he came from the island, she was brought to bed of a child. At his returne, he presented his Planisphere, with a short description, to his majesty who was very well pleased with it; but received nothing but prayse.
Anno ... left Oxford and lived in London with his father until <1676>; at that time, he received permission and support from his father to travel to the Island of Sancta [Pg 283]Hellena, solely for the purpose of advancing his knowledge in Astronomy, specifically to correct the Southern Hemisphere globe, which had previously been very inaccurate, having only been based on the observations of uneducated sailors. He stayed there ... months. Among others who traveled with him was a woman ... years old and her husband ... years old, who had been childless for ... years; before he left the island, she gave birth to a child. Upon his return, he presented his Planisphere, along with a brief description, to his majesty, who was very pleased with it; however, he received nothing but praise.

I have often heard him say that if his majestie would be but only at the chardge of sending out a ship, he would take the longitude and latitude, right ascensions and declinations of ... southern fixed starres.
I have often heard him say that if his majesty would just cover the cost of sending out a ship, he would determine the longitude and latitude, right ascensions and declinations of ... southern fixed stars.

Anno 1678, he added a spectacle-glasse to the shadowe-vane of the lesser arch of the sea-quadrant (or back-staffe); which is of great use, for that that spott of light will be manifest when you cannot see any shadowe.
In 1678, he added a sighting glass to the wind vane of the smaller sea quadrant (or back staff); this is very useful because that spot of light will be visible even when you can't see any shadow.

He went to Dantzick to visit Hevelius, Anno 167-.
He went to Danzig to visit Hevelius in the year 167-.

December 1^st, 1680, went to Paris.
December 1^st, 1680, went to Paris.

[1049]Edmund Haley:—cardinall d'Estrée caressed him and sent him to his brother the admirall with a lettre of recommendation.—He hath contracted an acquaintance and friendship with all the eminentst mathematicians of France and Italie, and holds a correspondence with them.
[1049]Edmund Haley:—Cardinal d'Estrée took him under his wing and sent him to his brother the admiral with a letter of recommendation.—He has made friends with all the top mathematicians in France and Italy and keeps in touch with them.

He returned into England, Januarii 24º, 1681/2.
He returned to England on January 24, 1681/2.

Quaere Mr. Partridge of his Directio mortis, scilicet about 35 aetatis.
Quaere Mr. Partridge about his Directio mortis, specifically around the age of 35.

[1050] Edmund Halley who cutts his schemes in wood? they are well.
[1050] Edmund Halley who cuts his plans in wood? They're good.

Loggan informes me that one ... Edwards, the manciple of ... College Oxon, doth cut in wood very well.
Loggan tells me that one ... Edwards, the manciple of ... College Oxon, is very skilled at wood carving.

Note.

In the earl of Macclesfield's library at Shirburne Castle, Oxon., are several MSS. by Halley; among them a common-place book.
In the Earl of Macclesfield's library at Shirburne Castle, Oxon, there are several manuscripts by Halley, including a commonplace book.

[Pg 284]
[Pg 284]

Baldwin Hamey (1600-1676).

[1051]In the midd aisle (or nave) of Chelsey church, a faire flat marble grave-stone:—
[1051]In the middle aisle (or nave) of Chelsey church, a beautiful flat marble gravestone:—

The return of Baldwin Hamey, Dr. of Physick, on the 14 of May being Whitsunday in the yeare of our Lord 1676 and in the 76th yeare of his age.
The return of Baldwin Hamey, Doctor of Physick, on May 14, being Whitsunday in the year of our Lord 1676 and in the 76th year of his age.

Psalm 146, vers. 4.
Psalm 146:4.

His breath goeth, etc.
His breath is leaving, etc.

William Harcourt (1610-1679).

[1052]Father Harcourt—he told me that he was of the familie of Stanton Harcourt, A.D. 1650. He was confessor, and afterwards co-executor, to the lady Inglefield.
[1052]Father Harcourt—he told me that he was from the Stanton Harcourt family, CE 1650. He was her confessor and later co-executor for Lady Inglefield.

[1053]Petrification of a kidney. When father Harcourt suffered [1054] at Tyburne, and his bowells, etc. throwne into the fire, a butcher's boy standing by was resolved to have a piece of his kidney which was broyling in the fire. He burn't his fingers much, but he got it; and one ... Roydon, a brewer in Southwark, bought it, a kind of Presbyterian. The wonder is, 'tis now absolutely petrified: I have seen it. He much values it.
[1053]Petrification of a kidney. When Father Harcourt was executed [1054] at Tyburn, and his insides were thrown into the fire, a butcher's boy standing nearby decided to grab a piece of his kidney that was roasting in the flames. He burned his fingers quite a bit, but he managed to get it; and one ... Roydon, a brewer from Southwark, bought it, who was a kind of Presbyterian. The amazing part is, it's now completely petrified: I have seen it. He values it highly.

[1055]Mr. Roydon, brewer in Southwarke (opposite the Temple), haz the piece of Father Harcourt's kidney which was snatcht out of the fire, and now petrified and very hard. But 'twas not so hard when he first had it. It being alwayes carried in the pocket hardened by degrees better then by the fire—like an agate polished.
[1055]Mr. Roydon, a brewer in Southwark (across from the Temple), has the piece of Father Harcourt's kidney that was pulled from the fire, and now it's petrified and very hard. But it wasn't as hard when he first got it. It’s been kept in his pocket, which has hardened it over time better than the fire would have—kind of like how an agate is polished.

Thomas Hariot (1560-1621).

[1056]Mr. Thomas Hariot [EL]—from Dr. John Pell, March 31, 1680. Dr. Pell knowes not what countreyman [1057] he was (but an Englishman he was)—[There [1058] is a place in Kent [Pg 285]called Harriot's-ham, now my lord Wotton's [EM]; and in Wostershire in the parish of Droytwich is a fine seat called Harriots, late the seate of Chiefe Baron Wyld.]
[1056]Mr. Thomas Hariot [EL]—from Dr. John Pell, March 31, 1680. Dr. Pell doesn't know where he was from (but he was definitely English)—[There [1057] is a place in Kent [Pg 285]called Harriot's-ham, now my lord Wotton's [EM]; and in Worcestershire in the parish of Droitwich is a nice estate called Harriots, which was recently the home of Chief Baron Wyld.]

He thinkes he dyed about the time he (Dr. Pell) went to Cambridge. He sayes my lord John Vaughan can enforme me, and haz a copie of his will: which vide.
He thinks he died around the time Dr. Pell went to Cambridge. He says my lord John Vaughan can inform me and has a copy of his will: which see.

[1059]Mr. Thomas Hariot—Mr. Elias Ashmole thinkes he was a Lancashire man: Mr. Flamsted promised me to enquire of Mr. Townley.
[1059]Mr. Thomas Hariot—Mr. Elias Ashmole thinks he was from Lancashire: Mr. John Flamsted promised me he would ask Mr. Townley.

[1060]☞ I very much desire to find his buriall: he was not buryed in the Tower chapelle.
[1060]☞ I really want to find his burial place: he wasn't buried in the Tower chapel.

[1061]Mr. Thomas Harriot [1062]:—Memorandum:—Sir Robert Moray (from Francis Stuart [1063]), declared at the Royal Society—'twas when the comet [1064] appeared before the Dutch warre—that Sir Francis had heard Mr. Harriot say that he had seen nine cometes, and had predicted seaven of them, but did not tell them how. 'Tis very strange: excogitent astronomi.
[1061]Mr. Thomas Harriot [1062]:—Note:—Sir Robert Moray (from Francis Stuart [1063]) stated at the Royal Society—it was when the comet [1064] appeared before the Dutch war—that Sir Francis had heard Mr. Harriot mention that he had seen nine comets and had predicted seven of them, but didn’t say how. It’s very strange: astronomers should think about this.

[1065]Mr. Hariot went with Sir Walter Ralegh into Virginia, and haz writt the Description of Virginia, which is printed.
[1065]Mr. Hariot went with Sir Walter Ralegh to Virginia and has written the Description of Virginia, which is published.

Dr. Pell tells me that he finds amongst his papers (which are now, 1684, in Dr. Busby's hands), an alphabet that he had contrived for the American language, like Devills [1066].
Dr. Pell tells me that he finds among his papers (which are now, 1684, in Dr. Busby's hands) an alphabet he created for the American language, like Devills [1066].

He wrote a Description of Virginia, which is since printed in Mr. Purchas's Pilgrims.
He wrote a Description of Virginia, which is now printed in Mr. Purchas's Pilgrims.

Vide Mr. Glanvill's Moderne Improvement of Usefull Knowledge, where he makes mention of Mr. Thomas Harriot, pag. 33.
Vide Mr. Glanvill's Modern Improvement of Useful Knowledge, where he mentions Mr. Thomas Harriot, p. 33.

When earle of Northumberland, and Sir Walter Ralegh were both prisoners in the Tower, they grew acquainted, and Sir Walter Raleigh recommended [Pg 286]Mr. Hariot to him, and the earle setled an annuity of two hundred pounds a yeare on him for his life, which he enjoyed. But to [1067] Hues [LXXV.] (who wrote De Usu Globorum) and to Mr. Warner he gave an annuity but of sixty pounds per annum. These 3 were usually called the earle of Northumberland's three Magi. They had a table at the earle's chardge, and the earle himselfe had them to converse with, singly or together.
When earl of Northumberland and Sir Walter Ralegh were both prisoners in the Tower, they got to know each other, and Sir Walter Raleigh introduced Mr. Hariot to him. The earl arranged for an annuity of two hundred pounds a year for Mr. Hariot, which he received for the rest of his life. However, for Hues (who wrote De Usu Globorum) and Mr. Warner, he provided an annuity of only sixty pounds a year. These three were often referred to as the earl of Northumberland's three Magi. They had meals at the earl's expense, and the earl himself would converse with them, either individually or together.

[LXXV.] Robert Hues was buried in Xt. Ch. Oxon.
[LXXV.] Robert Hues was buried in Xt. Ch. Oxon.

He was a great acquaintance of Master ... Ailesbury, to whom Dr. Corbet sent a letter in verse, Dec. 9, 1618, when the great blazing starre appeared,—
He was a good friend of Master ... Ailesbury, to whom Dr. Corbet sent a letter in verse on December 9, 1618, when the bright comet appeared,—

"Now for the peace of God and men advise," (You who have what it takes to make us wise),
Your own valuable studies and deep insights of Harriot's mine, In which there is no dross but everything is refined.

Dr. Corbet's poems.
Check out Dr. Corbet's poems.

The bishop of Sarum (Seth Ward) told me that one Mr. Haggar (a countryman of his), a gentleman and good mathematician, was well acquainted with Mr. Thomas Hariot, and was wont to say, that he did not like (or valued not) the old storie of the Creation of the World. He could not beleeve the old position; he would say ex nihilo nihil fit. But sayd Mr. Haggar, a nihilum killed him at last: for in the top of his nose came a little red speck (exceeding small), which grew bigger and bigger, and at last killed him. I suppose it was that which the chirurgians call a noli me tangere.
The bishop of Sarum (Seth Ward) told me that a Mr. Haggar (a fellow countryman), who was a gentleman and a skilled mathematician, was well acquainted with Mr. Thomas Hariot and used to say that he didn’t like (or didn’t value) the old story of the Creation of the World. He couldn’t believe the old idea; he would say ex nihilo nihil fit. But Mr. Haggar said that a nihilum ended up killing him in the end: a tiny red spot appeared on the tip of his nose (very small), which got bigger and bigger, and eventually killed him. I believe it was what the surgeons call a noli me tangere.

[1068]Mr. Hariot dyed of an ulcer in his lippe or tongue—vide Dr. Read's Chirurgery, where he mentions him as his patient, in the treatise of ulcers (or cancers).
[1068]Mr. Hariot died from an ulcer on his lip or tongue—see Dr. Read's surgery text, where he mentions him as his patient in the section on ulcers (or cancers).

The Workes of Dr. Alexander Reade, printed, London, 1650; in the treatise of Ulcers, p. 248. 'Cancrous ulcers (ozana) also seise on this part. This griefe hastened the end of that famous mathematician Mr. Hariot with whom I was acquainted but short time before his death; whom [Pg 287]at one time, together with Mr. Hughes (who wrote of the globes), Mr. Warner, and Mr. Torporley, the noble earle of Northumberland, the favourer of all good learning and Maecenas of learned men, maintained while he was in the Tower, for their worth and various literature.'
The Works of Dr. Alexander Reade, printed in London, 1650; in the treatise on Ulcers, p. 248. 'Cancerous ulcers (ozana) also affect this area. This affliction hastened the end of the renowned mathematician Mr. Harriot, whom I knew briefly before his death; he was, at one time, with Mr. Hughes (who wrote about the globes), Mr. Warner, and Mr. Torporley, the noble Earl of Northumberland, a supporter of all good learning and a patron of scholars, maintained while he was in the Tower, for their merit and diverse knowledge.'

He made a philosophicall theologie, wherin he castoff the Old Testament, and then the New one would (consequently) have no foundation. He was a Deist. His doctrine he taught to Sir Walter Raleigh, Henry, earle of Northumberland, and some others. The divines of those times look't on his manner of death as a judgement upon him for nullifying the Scripture.
He developed a philosophical theology in which he dismissed the Old Testament, which meant that the New Testament would logically have no basis. He was a Deist. He taught his ideas to Sir Walter Raleigh, Henry, Earl of Northumberland, and a few others. The religious leaders of that time viewed his manner of death as a punishment for denying the Scripture.

Ex Catalogo librorum impressorum bibl. Bodleianae in Academia Oxoniensi, Oxon., MDCLXXIV:—
Ex Catalogo librorum impressorum bibl. Bodleianae in Academia Oxoniensi, Oxon., 1674:—

Thomas Hariot:—Historia Virginiae, cum iconibus, Lat. per C. C. A. edita per Th. de Bry, Franc. 1590 (A. 8. 7. Art).
Thomas Hariot:—History of Virginia, with illustrations, published in Latin by C. C. A. through Th. de Bry, Franc. 1590 (A. 8. 7. Art).

—Same in English, Lond. 1588 (E. 1. 25. Art. Seld.).
—Same in English, Lond. 1588 (E. 1. 25. Art. Seld.).

Thomas Hariotus:—Artis analyticae praxis ad aequationes Algebraicas resolvendas, Lond. 1631 (F. 2. 12. Art. Seld.).
Thomas Hariotus:—Practical application of analytical methods to solve algebraic equations, London. 1631 (F. 2. 12. Art. Seld.).

Notes.

[EL] Aubrey gives the coat:—'per pale, ermine and ermines, 3 crescents counterchanged [Hariot].'
[EL] Aubrey describes the coat:—'divided vertically, ermine and ermines, 3 crescents in opposite colors [Hariot].'

[EM] Charles Henry Kirckhoven, created baron Wotton, Aug. 31, 1650; created earl of Bellomont, Feb. 11, 1679/80.
[EM] Charles Henry Kirckhoven, made baron Wotton on August 31, 1650; made earl of Bellomont on February 11, 1679/80.

Sir Edward Harley (1624-1700).

[1069]Sir Edward Harley, knight of the Bath, was borne at his castle of Brampton Bryan in Herefordshire. He was of Magdalen Hall, Oxon; was governor of Dunkirke for his majestie king Charles 2^d, where he then sounded that sea from Graveling to Newport—which notes he haz by him—of great use to seamen because of the shelves.
[1069]Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the Bath, was born at his castle in Brampton Bryan, Herefordshire. He attended Magdalen Hall, Oxford, and served as the governor of Dunkirk for King Charles II, where he explored that sea from Gravelines to Newport—this information he keeps with him, which is very useful for sailors due to the shallow areas.

Sir Robert Harley (1580-1656).

[1070]Old Sir Robert Harley translated all the Psalmes very well. He was of Oriell College.
[1070]Old Sir Robert Harley translated all the Psalms really well. He was from Oriel College.

[Pg 288]
[Pg 288]

Sir Robert Harley (1626-1673).

[1071]Sir Robert Harley [1072], second sonne of Sir Robert Harley of Brampton-Bryan, told me that he was borne the morning that my Lord Chancellour Bacon dyed (9º Aprilis); sed quaere, et vide his picture if 'twas not the 6^th.
[1071]Sir Robert Harley [1072], the second son of Sir Robert Harley of Brampton-Bryan, told me that he was born on the morning my Lord Chancellor Bacon died (April 9th); but check and see his picture to confirm if it wasn't the 6^th.

He maried....
He married....

He dyed at Brampton-Brian 16 Nov. Sunday, 6^h A.M., anno Domini 1673.
He died at Brampton-Brian on November 16, Sunday, 6^h A.M., in the year 1673.

James Harrington (1611/2-1677).

[1073]James Harrington, esq.—he was borne the first Fryday [1074] in January Anno Domini 1611, near Northampton. Quaere Mr. Marvell's epitaph on him.
[1073]James Harrington, Esq.—he was born on the first Friday [1074] in January, 1611, near Northampton. Check out Mr. Marvell's epitaph about him.

[1075]James Harrington [EN], esq., borne the first Fryday in January 1611, neer Northampton; the son of [Sir [1076] Sapcote] Harrington of ... in the countie of ..., by
..., daughter of Sir ... Samuel [1077], was borne at [Upton [1078]]
(Sir ... Samuel's house in Northamptonshire) anno....
[1075]James Harrington [EN], esq., was born on the first Friday in January 1611, near Northampton; he was the son of [Sir [1076] Sapcote] Harrington of ... in the county of ..., by
..., daughter of Sir ... Samuel__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, who was born at [Upton__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__]
(Sir ... Samuel's house in Northamptonshire) in the year....

He was a commoner of Trinity Colledge in Oxford. He travelled France, Italie, and the Netherlands. His genius lay chiefly towards the politiques and democraticall goverment.
He was a commoner at Trinity College in Oxford. He traveled to France, Italy, and the Netherlands. His talent was mainly focused on politics and democratic governance.

He was much respected by the queen of Bohemia [EO], who was bred up by the lord Harrington's lady, and she owned the kindnes of the family.
He was highly regarded by the queen of Bohemia [EO], who was brought up by Lady Harrington, and she acknowledged the family's kindness.

Anno 1647, if not 6, he was by order of Parliament made one of his Majestie's Bedchamber, at Holmeby, &c. The king loved his company; only he would not endure to heare of a Commonwealth: and Mr. Harington passionately loved his majestie. Mr. Harrington and the king often disputed about goverment. He was on the scaffold [Pg 289]with the king when he was beheaded; and I have at these meetings [1079] oftentimes heard him speake of king Charles I with the greatest zeale and passion imaginable, and that his death gave him so great griefe that he contracted a disease by it; that never any thing did goe so neer to him. Memorandum:—Mr. Herbert, the traveller, was th' other of his Bedchamber by order of Parliament, and was also on the scaffold. He gave them both there some watches: vide Speech.
In 1647, or possibly 1646, he was appointed by Parliament as one of the king's Bedchamber attendants at Holmeby, etc. The king enjoyed his company; he just couldn't stand hearing about a Commonwealth. Mr. Harington had a deep love for his majesty. Mr. Harington and the king often argued about government. He was on the scaffold with the king when he was executed; I have often heard him speak about King Charles I with immense zeal and passion, noting that the king's death caused him such deep sorrow that it led to an illness; nothing ever affected him as much as that. Note: Mr. Thomas Herbert, the traveler, was another of the king's Bedchamber attendants appointed by Parliament and was also on the scaffold. He presented them both with some watches there: see Speech.

He made severall essayes in Poetry, viz. love-verses, &c., and translated ... booke of Virgill's Æn.; but his muse was rough, and Mr. Henry Nevill, an ingeniose and well-bred gentleman, a member of the House of Commons, and an excellent (but concealed) poet, was his great familiar and confident friend, and disswaded him from tampering in poetrie which he did invitâ Minervâ, and to improve his proper talent, viz. Politicall Reflections.
He tried his hand at poetry, like love poems and such, and translated a book of Virgil's Aeneid. However, his style was rough, and Mr. Henry Nevill, a clever and well-mannered gentleman who was a member of the House of Commons and a talented (but undiscovered) poet, was his close and trusted friend. Nevill urged him to stay away from poetry, which he did against his better judgment, and to focus on his real talent—political reflections.

Whereupon he writ his Oceana, printed London <1656>. Mr. T. Hobbes was wont to say that Henry Nevill had a finger in that pye; and 'tis like enough. That ingeniose tractat, together with his and H. Nevill's smart discourses and inculcations, dayly at coffee-houses, made many proselytes.
Whereupon he wrote his Oceana, printed in London in 1656. Mr. T. Hobbes used to say that Henry Nevill had a hand in that. It’s quite possible. That clever treatise, along with his and H. Nevill's sharp discussions and arguments, held daily at coffeehouses, gained many supporters.

In so much that, anno 1659, the beginning of Michaelmas-terme, he had every night a meeting at the (then) Turke's head, in the New Pallace-yard, where they take water, the next house to the staires, at one Miles's, where was made purposely a large ovall-table, with a passage in the middle for Miles to deliver his Coffee. About it sate his disciples, and the virtuosi. The discourses in this kind were the most ingeniose, and smart, that ever I heard, or expect to heare, and baned with great eagernesse: the arguments in the Parliament howse were but flatt to it.
In 1659, at the start of Michaelmas term, he held a meeting every night at the Turke's Head in New Palace Yard, next to the stairs at Miles's place, where they had set up a large oval table with a space in the middle for Miles to serve his coffee. Around it sat his followers and the intellectuals. The discussions there were the most clever and engaging I've ever heard or expect to hear, and they were filled with great enthusiasm; the arguments in Parliament were dull in comparison.

He now printed a little pamphlet (4to) called Divers modells of Popular Government, printed by Daniel Jakeman; and then his partie desired him to print another little pamphlet called The Rota, 4to.
He now printed a small pamphlet (4to) called Diverse Models of Popular Government, published by Daniel Jakeman; and then his group asked him to print another small pamphlet called The Rota, 4to.

[Pg 290]
[Pg 290]

Here [1080] we had (very formally) a ballotting-box, and balloted how things should be caried, by way of tentamens. The room was every evening [1081] full as it could be cramm'd. I cannot now recount the whole number:—
Here [1080] we had (very formally) a ballot box, and voted on how things should be conducted, by way of tests. The room was packed every evening [1081] to its fullest. I can't remember the exact number now:—

Mr. Cyriack Skinner, an ingeniose young gentleman, scholar to John Milton, was chaire-man. There was Mr. Henry Nevill; major John Wildman; Mr. Wooseley, of ..., Staffordshire; Mr. Coke, grandson of Sir Edward; Sir [1082] William Poultney (chaireman); [Sir1082[1082] John Hoskins; J Arderne [1083];] Mr. Maximilian Petty, a very able man in these matters, and who had more then once turn'd the councill-board of Oliver Cromwell, his kinsman; Mr. Michael Malett; Mr. Carteret, of Garnesey; Cradoc, a merchant; Mr. Henry Ford; major ... Venner; Mr. Edward Bagshaw; [Thomas Mariet, esq.[1084];] Croon, M.D.; cum multis aliis now slipt out of my memorie [LXXVI.].
Mr. Cyriack Skinner, a clever young man and a student of John Milton, was the chairman. There was Mr. Henry Nevill; Major John Wildman; Mr. Charles Woolseley from Staffordshire; Mr. Roger Coke, grandson of Sir Edward; Sir William Poultney (chairman); Sir John Hoskins; James Arderne; Mr. Maximilian Petty, a very capable person in these matters, who had more than once influenced Oliver Cromwell's council board, his relative; Mr. Michael Malett; Mr. Philip Carteret from Guernsey; Francis Cradoc, a merchant; Mr. Henry Ford; Major Venner; Mr. Edward Bagshaw; Thomas Mariet, Esq.; William Croon, M.D.; and many others who I can’t remember right now.

[LXXVI.] Dr. Robert Wood [EP] was of the Rota.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11.
[LXXVI.] Dr. Robert Wood [EP] was part of the Rota.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11.

which [1085] were, as auditors [1086], severall, e.g. the earle [1087] Tirconnel; Sir John Penruddock; etc.; Mr. John Birkenhead; as myselfe.
which [1085] were, as auditors [1086], several, for example, the Earl [1087] of Tirconnel; Sir John Penruddock; etc.; Mr. John Birkenhead; like me.

... Stafford, esq., as antagonists [1088].
... Stafford, Esq., as opponents__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Several officers [1089].
Several officers __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

We many times adjourned to the Rhenish-wine howse. One time Mr. Stafford and his gang came in, in drink, from the taverne [1090], and affronted the Junto (Mr. Stafford tore their orders and minutes). The soldiers offerd to kick them downe stayres, but Mr. Harrington's moderation and persuasion hindred it.
We often took breaks at the Rhenish wine house. One time, Mr. Stafford and his crew came in, drunk, from the tavern [1090], and confronted the Junto (Mr. Stafford ripped up their orders and minutes). The soldiers were ready to kick them downstairs, but Mr. Harrington's calmness and persuasion stopped them.

The doctrine was very taking, and the more because, as to human foresight, there was no possibility of the king's [Pg 291]returne. But the greatest part of the Parliament-men perfectly hated this designe of rotation by ballotting; for they were cursed tyrants, and in love with their power, and 'twas death to them, except 8 or 10, to admitt of this way, for H. Nevill proposed it in the Howse, and made it out to them, that except they embraced that modell of goverment they would be ruind—sed quos perdere vult Jupiter etc., hos, &c.
The doctrine was very appealing, especially since, in terms of human foresight, there was no chance of the king's return. But most of the Parliament members absolutely hated this idea of rotation by balloting; they were ruthless tyrants, attached to their power, and it was almost like death to them, except for about 8 or 10, to accept this approach. H. Nevill proposed it in the House and argued that unless they adopted this model of government, they would be ruined—sed quos perdere vult Jupiter etc., hos, &c.

Pride of senators for life is insufferable; and they were able to grind any one they owed ill will to to powder; they were hated by the armie and their countrey they represented, and their name and memorie stinkes—'twas worse then tyranny. Now this modell upon rotation was:—that the third part of the Senate [1091] should rote out by ballot every yeare, so that every ninth yeare the Howse would be wholly alterd; no magistrate to continue above 3 yeares, and all to be chosen by ballot, then which manner of choice, nothing can be invented more faire and impartiall.
The pride of lifetime senators is unbearable; they could crush anyone they disliked completely. They were despised by the army and the country they represented, and their name and memory are repulsive—it was worse than tyranny. Now, this model of rotation was: one-third of the Senate [1091] would rotate out by ballot every year, so that every ninth year the entire House would be completely changed; no magistrate could serve more than three years, and all officials would be chosen by ballot, which is the fairest and most impartial method of selection possible.

Well: this meeting continued Novemb., Dec., Jan., till Febr. 20 or 21; and then, upon the unexpected turne upon generall Monke's comeing-in, all these aierie modells vanished. Then 'twas not fitt, nay treason, to have donne such; but I well remember, he [1092] severall times (at the breaking-up) sayd, 'Well, the king will come in. Let him come-in, and call a Parliament of the greatest Cavaliers in England, so they be men of estates, and let them sett but 7 yeares, and they will all turn Common-wealthe's men.'
Well, this meeting continued in November, December, January, until February 20 or 21; and then, with the unexpected arrival of General Monke, all these ambitious plans disappeared. At that point, it was not appropriate, even treasonous, to have done such things; but I clearly remember him [1092] several times (when we were breaking up) saying, 'Well, the king will return. Let him come back and call a Parliament with the most significant Cavaliers in England, as long as they have estates, and let them serve just 7 years, and they will all become supporters of the Commonwealth.'

He was wont to find fault with the constitution of our goverment, that 'twas by jumps, and told a story of a cavaliero he sawe at the Carnival in Italie, who rode on an excellent managed horse that with a touch of his toe would jumpe quite round. One side of his habit was Spanish, the other French; which sudden alteration of the same person pleasantly surprized the spectators. 'Just so,' said he, ''tis with us. When no Parliament, then absolute monarchie; when a Parliament, then it runnes to Commonwealth.'
He often criticized the way our government was set up, saying it was by jumps, and he recounted a story about a knight he saw at the Carnival in Italy, who rode an excellently trained horse that would spin around with just a touch of his toe. One side of his outfit was Spanish, and the other was French; this sudden change in the same person pleasantly surprised the onlookers. "Just like that," he said, "it's the same with us. When there's no Parliament, it's an absolute monarchy; when a Parliament exists, it shifts to a Commonwealth."

[Pg 292]
[Pg 292]

[1093]Anno Domini 1660, he was committed [1094] prisoner to the Tower, where he was kept ...; then to Portsey castle. His durance in these prisons (he being a gentleman of a high spirit and hot head) was the procatractique cause of his deliration or madnesse; which was not outragious, for he would discourse rationally enough and be very facetious company, but he grew to have a phancy that [1095] his perspiration turned to flies, and sometimes to bees—ad cætera sobrius; and he had a timber versatile built [1096] in Mr. Hart's garden (opposite to St. James's parke) to try the experiment. He would turne it to the sun, and sitt towards it; then he had his fox-tayles there to chase away and massacre all the flies and bees that were to be found there, and then shutt his chassees [1097]. Now this experiment was only to be tryed in warme weather, and some flies would lye so close in the cranies and the cloath (with which it was hung) that they would not presently shew themselves. A quarter of an hower after perhaps, a fly or two, or more, might be drawen-out of the lurking holes by the warmeth; and then he would crye out, 'Doe not you see it apparently that these come from me?' 'Twas the strangest sort of madnes that ever I found in any one: talke of any thing els, his discourse would be very ingeniose and pleasant.
[1093]In the year 1660, he was imprisoned [1094] in the Tower, where he was held...; then transferred to Portsey Castle. His time in these prisons (being a man of high spirit and temper) was the primary reason for his madness; which wasn't violent, as he could engage in rational conversation and was quite entertaining company, but he developed a belief that [1095] his sweat turned into flies, and sometimes into bees—generally sober; and he had a wooden versatile structure [1096] in Mr. Hart's garden (across from St. James's Park) to test this theory. He would position it toward the sun and sit near it; then he had his fox tails there to chase away and kill all the flies and bees that came near, and then shut his traps [1097]. This experiment could only be conducted in warm weather, and some flies would hide so snugly in the crevices and the fabric (with which it was covered) that they wouldn’t show themselves right away. After about a quarter of an hour, maybe a fly or two, or more, could be drawn out of their hiding spots by the heat; then he would exclaim, 'Don’t you see clearly that these are coming from me?' It was the strangest form of madness I had ever encountered: discussing anything else, his conversation would be very clever and enjoyable.

Anno ... he married to his old sweet-heart Mris ... Dayrell [LXXVII.], of ..., a comely and discreete ladie. The motto to his seale, which was party per pale baron et femme Harrington and Dayrell was.... It happening so, from some private reasons, that he could not enjoy his deare in the flower and heate of his youth, he would never lye with her, but loved and admired her dearly: for she was vergentibus annis when he maried her, and had lost her sweetenesse.
Anno ... he married his old sweetheart, Mris ... Dayrell [LXXVII.], of ..., a lovely and discreet lady. The motto on his seal, which was split between Harrington and Dayrell, was.... Due to some private reasons, he couldn't enjoy his beloved in the prime of his youth, so he never slept with her, but he loved and admired her deeply: for she was vergentibus annis when he married her and had lost her sweetness.

[LXXVII.] His wife was
... Dayrell.
Round about his seale, which was party per pale baron and femme [1098], were these words, scil. In longum coiere faces.
[LXXVII.] His wife was
... Dayrell.
Around his seal, which was split vertically with a man’s side and a woman’s [1098], were these words, namely: In longum coiere faces.

[Pg 293]
[Pg 293]

He was of a middling stature, well-trussed man, strong and thick, well-sett, sanguine, quick-hott-fiery hazell eie, thick moyst curled haire, as you may see by his picture. In his conversation very friendly, and facetious, and hospitable.
He was of average height, a well-built man, strong and solid, with a healthy complexion, lively and fiery hazel eyes, and thick, curly hair, as you can see in his picture. In conversation, he was very friendly, amusing, and hospitable.

For above twenty yeares before he died (except his imprisonment) he lived in the Little-Ambry (a faire house on the left hand), which lookes into the Deane's-yard in Westminster. In the upper story he had a pretty gallery, which looked into the yard (over ... court) where he commonly dined, and meditated, and tooke his tobacco.
For over twenty years before he died (except for the time he was imprisoned), he lived in the Little-Ambry (a nice house on the left) that faced the Dean's yard in Westminster. In the upper story, he had a nice gallery that overlooked the yard (over ... court) where he usually dined, reflected, and smoked his tobacco.

His amici were:—Henry Nevill, esq., who never forsooke him to his dyeing day. Though [1099] a whole yeare before he died, his memorie and discourse were taken away by a disease ('twas a [1100]sad sight to see such a sample of mortality, in one whom I lately knew, a brisque, lively cavaliero), this gentleman, whom I must never forget for his constant friendship, payd his visits as duly and respectfully as when his friend (J. H.) was in the prime of his understanding—a true friend.
His amici were:—Henry Nevill, esq., who never left his side until the day he died. Even though [1099] a whole year before his death, his memory and conversation were taken away by an illness (it was a [1100]sad sight to see such a display of mortality in someone I had recently known, a lively, spirited gentleman), this man, whom I will always remember for his unwavering friendship, visited as regularly and respectfully as when his friend (J. H.) was at the height of his intellect—a true friend.

----[LXXVIII.]Mr. Andrew Marvell, who made an epitaph for him, which quaere.
----[LXXVIII.]Mr. Andrew Marvell, who wrote an epitaph for him, which is worth questioning.

[LXXVIII.] Mr. Andrew Marvell made a good epitaph for him, but would have given offence.
[LXXVIII.] Mr. Andrew Marvell wrote a fitting epitaph for him, but it would have upset some people.

—His uncle, ... Samuel, esq.;
—His uncle, Samuel, Esq.;

—his son, Mr. ... Samuel, an excellent architect, that has built severall delicate howses (Sir Robert Henley's, Sir Thomas Grosvenor's in Cheshire);
—his son, Mr. ... Samuel, a talented architect, who has designed several exquisite houses (Sir Robert Henley's, Sir Thomas Grosvenor's in Cheshire);

—Sir Thomas Dolman;
—Sir Thomas Dolman;

—Mr. Roger L'Estrange;
—Mr. Roger L'Estrange;

—Dr. John Pell;
—Dr. John Pell;

—J. A.[1101]
—J. A.[1101]

He was wont to say that 'Right reason in contemplation is vertue in action, et vice versa. Vivere secundum naturam is to live vertuously, the Divines will not have it so'; and that 'when the Divines would have us be an inch above vertue, we fall an ell belowe it.'
He used to say that "Right reason in thought is virtue in action, and vice versa. Living according to nature is living virtuously, but the religious scholars don't agree." He also said that "when the religious scholars want us to be a little better than virtue, we end up falling way short of it."

[Pg 294]
[Pg 294]

These verses he made, about anno ..., ....
These verses he created, about the year ..., ....

[1102][Upon [1103] the state of nature.

The state of nature was never so harsh,
But oaks produced acorns and there was a law By which the spider and the silkworm spin; Each creature has her birthright, and so must man. Be illegitimate! Don't have a child's share!
If reason lacked intelligence, how did it come to exist in art?
ingenium i.e. innate talent.

By Mr. James Harrington, esq., autor Oceanae, whose handwriting this is.
By Mr. James Harrington, esq., author of Oceana, whose handwriting this is.

[1104]Hic jacet | Jacobus Harrington, armiger | filius maximus natu | Sapcotis Harrington de Rand | in comitatu Lincolniae, equitis aurati | et Janae (matris ejus) filiae | Gulielmi Samuel de Upton in | comitatu Northampton, militis | qui | obiit septimo die Septembris | aetatis suae sexagesimo sexto | anno Domini 1677. | Nec virtutis nec animi dotes | arrha licet aeterni in animam amoris Dei | corruptione eximere queant corpus | Gen. iii. 19 | Pulveris enim es et reverteris | in pulverem |:—
[1104]Here lies | Jacob Harrington, gentleman | eldest son | of Sapcote Harrington of Rand | in Lincolnshire, knight | and Jane (his mother), daughter | of William Samuel of Upton in | Northamptonshire, knight | who | passed away on the seventh day of September | at the age | of sixty-six | in the year of our Lord 1677. | Neither the qualities of virtue nor spirit | can remove from the body | the pledge of eternal love for God | through corruption | Gen. iii. 19 | For you are dust, and to dust | you shall return |:—

author of the Oceana—he lyes buried in the chancell of St. Margarite's Church at Westminster, the next grave to the illustrious Sir Walter Raleigh, under the south side of the altar where the priest stands.
author of the Oceana—he lies buried in the chancel of St. Margaret's Church at Westminster, right next to the renowned Sir Walter Raleigh, under the south side of the altar where the priest stands.

[1105]☞ Pray remember to looke upon Mr. James Harrington's life: upon my alterations there. It was a philosophicall or politicall club, where gentlemen came at night to divert themselves with political discourse, and to see the way of balloting. It began at Miles's coffee-house about the middle of Michaelmas-terme, and was given over upon general Monke's comeing-in.
[1105]☞ Please remember to consider Mr. James Harrington's life: especially my changes to it. It was a philosophical or political club where gentlemen would gather at night to engage in political discussion and observe the process of voting. It started at Miles's coffee house around the middle of the Michaelmas term and ended with General Monke's arrival.

Sir John Hoskyns, etc., deane Arderne [1106], etc., would not like to have their names seen.
Sir John Hoskyns, etc., Dean Arderne [1106], etc., wouldn’t want their names displayed.

Notes.

[EN] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 98^v, Aubrey gives the reference 'vide Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Oxon.,' and the coat '..., a fret ...'. In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29^v, he gives the coat for Harrington's marriage, viz.:—--'..., a fret ... [Harrington]; impaling, ..., a lion rampant crown'd ... [D'ayrell].'
[EN] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 98^v, Aubrey refers to 'see Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Oxon.,' and the coat '..., a fret ...'. In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29^v, he provides the coat for Harrington's marriage: '..., a fret ... [Harrington]; combined with, ..., a lion rampant crowned ... [D'ayrell].'

[EO] The princess Elizabeth, daughter of James I. Sir John Harington, her tutor, was created (July 21, 1603) baron Harington of Exton. He married Anne Kelway, and was grand-uncle to the author of Oceana.
[EO] Princess Elizabeth, daughter of James I. Sir John Harington, her tutor, was made (July 21, 1603) Baron Harington of Exton. He married Anne Kelway and was the great-uncle of the author of Oceana.

[EP] Robert Wood, M.A. (Mert.) 1649, appointed Fellow of Linc. Coll. by the Parliamentary Visitors, Sept. 19, and admitted Oct. 23, 1650; ejected by the King's Commissioners, Aug. 18, 1660.
[EP] Robert Wood, M.A. (Mert.) 1649, was appointed Fellow of Lincoln College by the Parliamentary Visitors on September 19, and was admitted on October 23, 1650; he was removed by the King's Commissioners on August 18, 1660.

[Pg 295]
[Pg 295]

Samuel Hartlib (16..-1670).

In MS. Aubr. 22 (Aubrey's collection of Grammars) is a tract:—
In MS. Aubr. 22 (Aubrey's collection of Grammars) is a document:—

'The true and ready way to learne the Latine tongue,' by Samuel Hartlib, esq., Lond. 1654, with the inscription 'Jo. Aubrey, dedit S. Hartlib, 1654.'
'The true and easy way to learn the Latin language,' by Samuel Hartlib, Esq., London, 1654, with the inscription 'Jo. Aubrey, gave this to S. Hartlib, 1654.'

William Harvey (1578-1657).

[1107]William Harvey [EQ], M.D., natus at Folkestone in Kent:[1108] borne at the house which is now the post-house, a faire stone-built house, which he gave to Caius College in Cambridge, with some lands there: vide his will. His brother Eliab would have given any money or exchange for it, because 'twas his father's, and they all borne there; but the Doctor (truly) thought his memory would better be preserved this way, for his brother has left noble seates, and about 3000 li. per annum, at least.
[1107]William Harvey [EQ], M.D., born in Folkestone, Kent:[1108] at the house that is now the post office, a beautiful stone-built home, which he donated to Caius College in Cambridge, along with some land there: see his will. His brother Eliab would have paid any money or made an exchange for it because it belonged to their father, and they all grew up there; but the Doctor believed that preserving his memory this way would be better since his brother left behind great estates and at least 3000 li. a year.

[1109]Hemsted in Essex towards Audeley End: ibi sepultus Dr. Harvey.
[1109]Hemsted in Essex near Audeley End: here lies Dr. Harvey.

[1110]Quaere Mr. Marshall, the stone-cutter, for the inscription in the church there.
[1110]Ask Mr. Marshall, the stone cutter, about the inscription at the church there.

[1111]Quaere Mr. Marshall in Fetterlane for the copie of the inscription on his monument in Essex.
[1111]Ask Mr. Marshall in Fetterlane for the copy of the inscription on his monument in Essex.

[1112]Dr. W. Harvey: epitaph Mr. Marshall.—Quaere Anthony Wood if there is a MS. in bibl. Bodleiana that speakes of the circulation of the bloud: Dr. Ridgeley and Dr. Trowtbec can enforme me from Meredith Lloyd.—Memorandum, [Pg 296]Mr. Parker tells me that Mr. Oliver, the City surveyor, had his father Marshall's inscriptions and papers; ergo vide there for the Doctor's inscription and also for the inscription of Inigo Jones.
[1112]Dr. W. Harvey: epitaph Mr. Marshall.—Check with Anthony Wood if there's a manuscript in the Bodleian Library that talks about blood circulation: Dr. Ridgeley and Dr. Trowtbec can inform me from Meredith Lloyd.—Note, [Pg 296] Mr. Parker tells me that Mr. Oliver, the City surveyor, had his father Marshall's inscriptions and papers; therefore, check there for the Doctor's inscription and also for the inscription of Inigo Jones.

[1113]Dr. William Harvey—ex libro [ER] meo B.
[1113]Dr. William Harvey—from the book [ER] my B.

Over Dr. Harvey's picture in the great parlour under the library at the Physitians' College at Amen-corner (burnt):—
Over Dr. Harvey's picture in the large lounge under the library at the Physicians' College at Amen Corner (burnt):—

Gul. Harveus, an. aetat. 10, in Schola Cantuar. primis doctrinae rudimentis imbutus; 14, Col. Gonvil. et Caii alumnus; 19, peragravit Galliam et Italiam; 23, Patavii praeceptores habuit Eust. Rudium, Tho. Minad., H. Fab. ab Aquapend., Consul Anglor. 16 fit; 24, Doctor Med. et Chirurg. Reversus Lond. praxin exercuit, et uxorem [LXXIX.] duxit; 25, Coll. Med. Socius; 37, Anatom. et Chirurg. Professor; 54, Medicus Regius factus. Scripsit de Motu Sanguinis, et de Gen. Animal. Obiit 30 Jun. MDCLVII. Aetat. 80.
Gul. Harveus, aged 10, began his education at Canterbury School; at 14, he was a student at Gonville and Caius College; at 19, he traveled through France and Italy; at 23, he studied under Eustachius Rudius, Thomas Minad, and Henry Fabri from Aquapendente in Padua. He became a doctor of medicine and surgery at 24. Upon returning to London, he practiced medicine and got married; at 25, he became a member of the Medical College; at 37, he was a professor of anatomy and surgery; at 54, he became the Royal Physician. He wrote on the motion of blood and on animal generation. He died on June 30, 1657, at the age of 80.

[LXXIX.] ... Smyth.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ ... Smyth.

—(But I well remember that Dr. Alsop, at his funerall, sayd that he was 80, wanting one; and that he was the eldest of 9 brethren.)
—(But I clearly remember that Dr. Alsop said at his funeral that he was 80, one year short; and that he was the oldest of 9 brothers.)

He lies buried in a vault at Hempsted in Essex, which his brother Eliab Harvey built; he is lapt in lead, and on his brest in great letters
He’s buried in a vault at Hempsted in Essex, which his brother Eliab Harvey built; he’s wrapped in lead, and on his chest in large letters

Dr. William Harvey.
Dr. William Harvey.

I was at his funerall, and helpt to carry him into the vault.
I was at his funeral and helped carry him into the vault.

In the library at the Physitians' Colledge was the following inscription above his statue (which was in his doctorall robes):—
In the library at the Physicians' College was the following inscription above his statue (which was in his doctoral robes):—

Gul. Harveus, natus A.D. 1578, Apr. 2. Folkston, in Com. Cantii, primogenitus Thomae Harvei et Joannae Halk: fratres germani, Tho. Jo. Dan. Eliab. Mich. Mat.: sorores, Sarah, Amey.
Gul. Harveus, born CE 1578, April 2. Folkston, in Kent, firstborn of Thomas Harvei and Joanna Halk: brothers, Thomas, John, Daniel, Eliab, Michael, Matthew: sisters, Sarah, Amey.

Under his white marble statue, on the pedestall, thus,
Under his white marble statue, on the pedestal, thus,

Gulielmo Harveo,
Viro
Monumentis suis immortali,
Hoc insuper
Coll. Med. Lond.
Posuit.
Will Harvey,
Man
To his immortal monuments,
This in addition
Coll. Med. Lond.
He dedicated.

[Pg 297]
[Pg 297]

Qui enim Sanguin. Motum
(ut et Animal. Ortum) dedit
meruit esse
Stator Perpetuus.
Qui enim Blood. Motion
(ut et Animal. Origin) dedit
meruit esse
Stator Perpetuus.

[1114]Dr. Harvey added (or was very bountifull in contributing to) a noble building of Roman architecture (of rustique worke, with Corinthian pillasters) at the Physitians' College aforesaid, viz. a great parlour [1115] for the Fellowes to meet in, belowe; and a library, above. On the outside on the freeze, in letters 3 inches long, is this inscription:—
[1114]Dr. Harvey contributed to a grand building of Roman architecture (with rustic work and Corinthian pillars) at the previously mentioned Physicians' College, specifically a large meeting room [1115] for the Fellows on the lower level, and a library above. On the exterior, along the frieze, is this inscription in three-inch letters:—

Suasu et Cura Fran. Prujeani, Præsidis, et Edmundi Smith, Elect., inchoata et perfecta est hæc fabrica. An. MIƆDCLIII.
Suwasu and Care Fran. Prujeani, President, and Edmund Smith, Elected, initiated and finished this work. Year 1553.

All these remembrances and building was destroyed by the generall fire.
All these memories and structures were destroyed by the massive fire.

He was alwayes very contemplative, and the first that I heare of that was curious in anatomie in England. He had made dissections of frogges, toades, and a number of other animals, and had curious observations on them, which papers, together with his goods, in his lodgings at Whitehall, were plundered at the beginning of the Rebellion, he being for the king, and with him at Oxon; but he often sayd, that of all the losses he sustained, no greife was so crucifying to him as the losse of these papers, which for love or money he could never retrive or obtaine. When Charles I [1116] by reason of the tumults left London, he attended him, and was at the fight of Edge-hill with him; and during the fight, the Prince and duke of Yorke were committed to his care: he told me that he withdrew with them under a hedge, and tooke out of his pockett a booke and read; but he had not read very long before a bullet of a great gun grazed on the ground neare him, which made him remove his station. He told me that Sir Adrian Scrope [1117] was dangerously wounded there, and left for [Pg 298]dead amongst the dead men, stript; which happened to be the saving of his life. It was cold, cleer weather, and a frost that night; which staunched his bleeding, and about midnight, or some houres after his hurt, he awaked, and was faine to drawe a dead body upon him for warmeth-sake.
He was always very thoughtful and the first person I heard of who was interested in anatomy in England. He dissected frogs, toads, and a number of other animals, making detailed observations about them. His papers, along with his belongings, were taken during the early days of the Rebellion while he was with the king in Oxford. He often said that of all the losses he suffered, nothing hurt him more than losing those papers, which he could never recover or replace. When Charles I [1116] left London due to the riots, he followed him and fought with him at the Battle of Edgehill. During the battle, he was responsible for the Prince and Duke of York. He told me that he took them under a hedge and pulled out a book to read, but he hadn't read for long before a cannonball flew close by him, prompting him to move. He mentioned that Sir Adrian Scrope [1117] was seriously wounded there and was left for dead among the corpses, which ultimately saved his life. It was cold, clear weather, and there was frost that night, which stopped his bleeding. A few hours after he was injured, he woke up and had to pull a dead body over himself to keep warm.

After Oxford was surrendred, which was 24 July [1118] 1646, he came to London, and lived with his brother Eliab a rich [1119] merchant in London, on ... hill, opposite to St. Lawrence (Poultry) church [1120], where was then a high leaden steeple (there were but two, viz. this and St. Dunstan's in the East) and at his brother's country house at Roe-hampton.
After Oxford surrendered on July 24, 1646, he went to London and lived with his brother Eliab, a wealthy merchant in London, on ... hill, across from St. Lawrence (Poultry) church, which had a tall leaden steeple (there were only two, this one and St. Dunstan's in the East) and at his brother's country house in Roehampton.

His brother Eliab bought, about 1654, Cockaine-house, now [1121](1680) the Excise-Office, a noble house, where the Doctor was wont to contemplate on the leads of the house, and had his severall stations, in regard of the sun, or wind.
His brother Eliab bought Cockaine-house around 1654, which is now the Excise Office (since 1680), a grand house where the Doctor used to think on the rooftops and had his various spots depending on the sun or wind.

He did delight to be in the darke, and told me he could then best contemplate. He had a house heretofore at Combe, in Surrey, a good aire and prospect, where he had caves made in the earth, in which in summer time he delighted to meditate.—He was pretty well versed in the Mathematiques, and had made himselfe master of Mr. Oughtred's Clavis Math. in his old age; and I have seen him perusing it, and working problems, not long before he dyed, and that booke was alwayes in his meditating apartment.
He enjoyed being in the dark and told me that it helped him think best. He once had a house in Combe, Surrey, with great air and views, where he had created caves in the ground that he loved to meditate in during the summer. He was pretty knowledgeable in mathematics and had mastered Mr. Oughtred's Clavis Math in his old age. I saw him reading it and solving problems not long before he died, and that book was always in his meditation space.

His chamber was that roome that is now the office of Elias Ashmole, esq.; where he dyed, being taken with the dead palsye, which tooke away his speech. As soone as he sawe he was attaqued, he presently sent for his brother, and nephews, and gave one a watch, another another thing, etc., as remembrances of him. He dyed worth 20,000 li. which he left to his brother Eliab. In his will he left [Pg 299]his old friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes 10 li. as a token of his love.
His room is now the office of Elias Ashmole, Esq.; this is where he died after being struck with a severe stroke that took away his speech. As soon as he realized he was attacked, he immediately sent for his brother and nephews, giving one a watch, another a different gift, etc., as keepsakes to remember him by. He died worth £20,000, which he left to his brother Eliab. In his will, he left his old friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes £10 as a token of his affection.

His sayings.—He was wont to say that man was but a great mischievous baboon.
His sayings.—He used to say that humans were just a big troublemaking baboon.

He would say, that we Europaeans knew not how to order or governe our woemen, and that the Turkes were the only people used them wisely.
He would say that we Europeans didn’t know how to manage or govern our women, and that the Turks were the only ones who treated them wisely.

He was far from bigotry.
He was far from prejudice.

He had been physitian to the Lord Chancellor Bacon, whom he esteemed much for his witt and style, but would not allow him to be a great philosopher. 'He writes philosophy like a Lord Chancelor,' said he to me, speaking in derision; 'I have cured him.'
He had been a physician to Lord Chancellor Bacon, whom he respected a lot for his wit and style, but wouldn’t consider him a great philosopher. “He writes philosophy like a Lord Chancellor,” he said to me, mocking him; “I have cured him.”

About 1649 he travelled again into Italy, Dr. George (now Sir George) Ent, then accompanying him.
About 1649, he traveled back to Italy, accompanied by Dr. George (now Sir George) Ent.

At Oxford, he grew acquainted with Dr. Charles Scarborough, then a young physitian (since by king Charles II knighted), in whose conversation he much delighted; and wheras before, he [1122]marched up and downe with the army, he tooke him to him and made him ly in his chamber, and said to him, 'Prithee leave off thy gunning, and stay here; I will bring thee into practice.'
At Oxford, he got to know Dr. Charles Scarborough, who was then a young physician (later knighted by King Charles II) and he really enjoyed their conversations. Whereas before he marched back and forth with the army, he took Scarborough in and made him stay in his room, saying, "Please stop hunting and stay here; I’ll help you get started in your practice."

I remember he kept a pretty young wench to wayte on him, which I guesse he made use of for warmeth-sake as king David did, and tooke care of her in his will, as also of his man servant.
I remember he had a pretty young girl waiting on him, which I guess he used for warmth, like King David did, and he took care of her in his will, as well as his male servant.

For 20 yeares before he dyed he tooke no manner of care about his worldly concernes, but his brother Eliab, who was a very wise and prudent menager, ordered all not only faithfully, but better then he could have donne himselfe.
For 20 years before he died, he didn't care at all about his worldly affairs. Instead, his brother Eliab, who was a very wise and careful manager, took care of everything, not only faithfully but even better than he could have done himself.

He was, as all the rest of the brothers, very cholerique; and in his young days wore a dagger (as the fashion then was, nay I remember my old schoolemaster, old Mr. Latimer, at 70, wore a dudgeon, with a knife, and bodkin, as also my old grandfather Lyte, and alderman Whitson of Bristowe, which I suppose was the common fashion in[Pg 300] their young dayes), but this Dr. would be to apt to draw-out his dagger upon every slight occasion [1123].
He was, like all the other brothers, very hot-tempered; and when he was younger, he carried a dagger (as was the fashion at the time; I remember my old schoolmaster, Mr. Latimer, who at 70 still carried a dagger, a knife, and a bodkin, along with my grandfather Lyte and Alderman Whitson from Bristol, which I assume was common style in[Pg 300]their youth), but this Doctor was too quick to pull out his dagger over the smallest things [1123].

He was not tall; but of the lowest stature, round faced, olivaster [1124] complexion; little eie, round, very black, full of spirit; his haire was black as a raven, but quite white 20 yeares before he dyed.
He wasn't tall; in fact, he was quite short, with a round face and an olive skin tone. His eyes were small, round, very dark, and full of life. His hair was as black as a raven, but it had been completely white 20 years before he dyed it.

I first sawe him at Oxford, 1642, after Edgehill fight, but was then too young to be acquainted with so great a Doctor. I remember he came severall times to Trin.[1125] Coll. to George Bathurst, B.D., who had a hen to hatch egges in his chamber, which they dayly opened to discerne [1126] the progres and way of generation. I had not the honour to be acquainted him [1127] till 1651, being my she cosen Montague's physitian and friend. I was at that time bound for Italy (but to my great griefe disswaded by my mother's importunity). He was very communicative, and willing to instruct any that were modest and respectfull to him. And in order to my journey, gave me, i.e. dictated to me, what to see, what company to keepe, what bookes to read [ES], how to manage my studies: in short, he bid me goe to the fountain head, and read Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, and did [1128] call the neoteriques shitt-breeches. He wrote a very bad hand [ET], which (with use) I could pretty well read.
I first saw him at Oxford in 1642, after the Battle of Edgehill, but I was too young to know such a great scholar. I remember he came several times to Trinity College to visit George Bathurst, B.D., who had a hen hatching eggs in his room, which they opened daily to observe the process of generation. I didn't have the honor of meeting him until 1651, when he was my cousin Montague's physician and friend. At that time, I was planning to go to Italy (but to my great regret, I was persuaded otherwise by my mother's insistence). He was very open and willing to teach anyone who was respectful and modest with him. To help prepare me for my journey, he told me what sights to see, what companies to keep, what books to read, and how to manage my studies: in short, he advised me to go to the source and read Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, and he referred to the moderns as “shitt-breeches.” He had very poor handwriting, which I eventually learned to read fairly well.

I have heard him say, that after his booke of the Circulation of the Blood [1129]came-out, that he fell mightily in his practize, and that 'twas beleeved by the vulgar that he was crack-brained; and all the physitians were against his opinion, and envyed him; many wrote against him, as Dr. Primige, Paracisanus, etc. (vide Sir George Ent's booke). With much adoe at last, in about 20 or 30 yeares time, it was recieved in all the Universities in the world; [Pg 301]and, as Mr. Hobbes sayes in his book 'De Corpore,' he is the only man, perhaps, that ever lived to see his owne doctrine established in his life time.
I've heard him say that after his book on the Circulation of the Blood [1129]was published, he experienced a significant decline in his practice. People commonly believed he was insane, and all the physicians opposed his views and envied him. Many wrote against him, like Dr. Primige, Paracisanus, etc. (see Sir George Ent's book). After much struggle, it finally took about 20 or 30 years for his ideas to be accepted in all the universities in the world; [Pg 301] and as Mr. Hobbes says in his book 'De Corpore,' he is perhaps the only person who ever lived to see his doctrine established in his lifetime.

He understood Greek and Latin pretty well, but was no critique, and he wrote very bad Latin. The Circuitus Sanguinis was, as I take it, donne into Latin by Sir George Ent (quaere), as also his booke de Generatione Animalium, but a little book in 12^mo against Riolani (I thinke), wherein he makes-out his doctrine clearer, was writt by himselfe, and that, as I take it, at Oxford.
He was pretty good at understanding Greek and Latin, but he wasn't a critic, and he wrote really poor Latin. The Circuitus Sanguinis was, as I understand it, translated into Latin by Sir George Ent (just a thought), as well as his book de Generatione Animalium, but a small book in 12^mo against Riolani (I think), where he explains his doctrine more clearly, was written by himself, and I believe that was done at Oxford.

His majestie king Charles I gave him the Wardenship of Merton Colledge in Oxford, as a reward for his service, but the times suffered him not to recieve or injoy any benefitt by it.
His Majesty King Charles I appointed him as the Warden of Merton College in Oxford as a reward for his service, but the times did not allow him to receive or enjoy any benefits from it.

He was physitian, and a great favorite of the Lord High Marshall of England, Thomas [1130] Howard, earle of Arundel and Surrey, with whom he travelled as his physitian in his ambassade to the Emperor ... at Vienna, Anno Domini 163-. Mr. W. Hollar (who was then one of his excellencie's gentlemen) told me that, in his voyage, he would still be making of excursions into the woods, makeing observations of strange trees, and plants, earths, etc., naturalls, and sometimes like to be lost, so that my Lord Ambassador would be really angry with him, for there was not only danger of thieves, but also of wild beasts.
He was a doctor and a big favorite of the Lord High Marshal of England, Thomas [1130] Howard, Earl of Arundel and Surrey, with whom he traveled as his physician on his embassy to the Emperor ... in Vienna, in the year 163-. Mr. W. Hollar (who was then one of his excellency's attendants) told me that during his journey, he would often venture into the woods, observing strange trees, plants, soil, and other natural things, sometimes getting lost, which would genuinely upset my Lord Ambassador since there was not only the danger of thieves but also of wild animals.

He was much and often troubled with the gowte, and his way of cure was thus; he would then sitt with his legges bare, if it were frost, on the leads of Cockaine house, putt them into a payle of water, till he was almost dead with cold, and betake himselfe to his stove, and so 'twas gonne.
He often struggled with gout, and his way of treating it was this: he would sit with his legs bare, even if it was freezing, on the rooftops of Cockaine house, dip them into a bucket of water until he was almost dead from the cold, and then go to his stove, and that was it.

He was hott-headed, and his thoughts working would many times keepe him from sleepinge; he told me that then his way was to rise out of his bed and walke about his chamber in his shirt till he was pretty coole, i.e. till he began to have a horror, and then returne to bed, and sleepe very comfortably.
He was hot-headed, and his racing thoughts often kept him from sleeping. He told me that when this happened, he would get out of bed and walk around his room in his shirt until he felt pretty cool, or until he started feeling a chill, and then he would go back to bed and sleep quite comfortably.

I remember he was wont to drinke coffee; which he and[Pg 302] his brother Eliab did, before Coffee-houses were in fashion in London.
I remember he used to drink coffee; he and[Pg 302] his brother Eliab did this before coffee houses became popular in London.

[1131]All his profession would allowe him to be an excellent anatomist, but I never heard of any that admired his therapeutique way. I knew severall practisers in London [1132] that would not have given 3d. for one of his bills; and that a man could hardly tell by one of his bills [1133] what he did aime at.
[1131]His profession allowed him to be an excellent anatomist, but I never heard anyone praise his therapeutic method. I knew several practitioners in London [1132] who wouldn't have paid three pence for one of his prescriptions; and it was difficult for someone to figure out what he was aiming at based on one of his bills.[1133]

He did not care for chymistrey, and was wont to speake against them with an undervalue.
He didn't care for chemistry and often spoke about it in a dismissive way.

It is now fitt, and but just, that I should endeavour to undecieve the world in a scandall that I find strongly runnes of him, which I have mett amongst some learned young men: viz. that he made himselfe a way to putt himselfe out of his paine, by opium; not but that, had he laboured under great paines, he had been readie enough to have donne it; I doe not deny that it was not according to his principles upon certain occasions to ...: but the manner of his dyeing was really, and bonâ fide, thus, viz. the morning of his death about 10 a clock, he went to speake, and found he had the dead palsey in his tongue; then he sawe what was to become of him, he knew there was then no hopes of his recovery, so presently sends for his young nephewes to come-up to him, to whom he gives one his watch ('twas a minute watch with which he made his experiments); to another, another remembrance, etc.; made signe to ... Sambroke, his apothecary (in Black-Fryars), to lett him blood in the tongue, which did little or no good; and so he ended his dayes. His practise was not very great towards his later end; he declined it, unlesse to a speciall friend,—e.g. my lady Howland, who had a cancer in her breast, which he did cutt-off and seared, but at last she dyed of it.
It's about time that I clear up a misunderstanding about a scandal I’ve heard among some educated young men: that he resorted to opium to escape his pain. It's true that if he had been in excruciating pain, he would have been more than willing to do it. I don’t deny that it didn’t line up with his beliefs on certain occasions... but the way he died was truly, and honestly, like this: on the morning of his death, around 10 o'clock, he attempted to speak and discovered he had lost control of his tongue. Then he understood what was going to happen, realizing there was no chance of recovery, so he immediately called for his young nephews to come to him. He gave one of them his watch (a minute watch he used for experiments) and another some keepsake, etc. He signaled to Sambroke, his apothecary in Blackfriars, to let him bleed from the tongue, which didn’t do much good; and that’s how he spent his final days. Towards the end, he didn’t practice much; he avoided it unless it was for a close friend—like Lady Howland, who had a cancer on her breast that he removed and cauterized, but ultimately she passed away from it.

He rode on horseback with a foot-cloath to visitt his patients [LXXX.], his man following on foote, as the fashion then was, which was very decent, now [Pg 303]quite discontinued. The judges rode also with their foote-cloathes to Westminster-hall, which ended at the death of Sir Robert Hyde, Lord Chief Justice. Anthony earl of Shafton [1134], would have revived, but severall of the judges being old and ill horsemen would not agree to it.
He rode on horseback with a foot-cloth to visit his patients [LXXX.], while his servant walked behind, which was customary at the time and considered very proper, but is now[Pg 303] completely out of style. The judges also rode with their foot-cloths to Westminster Hall, a tradition that ended with the death of Sir Robert Hyde, Lord Chief Justice. Anthony, Earl of Shafton [1134], wanted to bring it back, but several of the judges, being older and not great at horseback riding, would not agree.

[LXXX.] I have seen him ride in 1654 or 5.
[LXXX.] I saw him ride in 1654 or 1655.

Lettres on naturalls: Mr. Samb.
Lettres on naturalls: Mr. Samb.

The scandall aforesaid is from Sir Charles Scarborough's saying that he had, towards his latter end, a preparation of opium and I know not what, which he kept in his study to take, if occasion should serve, to putt him out of his paine, and which Sir Charles promised to give him; this I beleeve to be true; but doe not at all beleeve that he really did give it him. The palsey did give him an easie passe-port.
The scandal mentioned comes from Sir Charles Scarborough saying that, towards the end of his life, he had a preparation of opium and some other substances that he kept in his study to use, if necessary, to ease his pain, which Sir Charles promised to give him. I believe this is true, but I do not believe at all that he actually gave it to him. The palsy did give him an easy way out.

I remember I have heard him say he wrote a booke De insectis, which he had been many yeares about, and had made curious researches and anatomicall observations on them. This booke was lost when his lodgings at Whitehall were plundered in the time of the rebellion. He could never for love nor money retrive them or heare what became of them and sayd 'twas the greatest crucifying to him that ever he had in all his life.
I remember hearing him say he wrote a book, De insectis, which he had been working on for many years and had done detailed research and anatomical observations on. This book was lost when his place at Whitehall was raided during the rebellion. He could never get it back or find out what happened to it, and he said 'twas the greatest crucifying to him that ever he had in all his life.

[1135]Dr. Harvy [EU] told me, and any one if he examines himself will find it to be true, that a man could not fancy—truthfully—that he is imperfect in any part that he has, verbi gratiâ, teeth, eie, tongue, spina dorsi, etc. Natura tends to perfection, and in matters of generation we ought to consult more with our sense and instinct, then our reason, and prudence, fashion of the country, and interest. We see what contemptible [1136] products are of the prudent politiques [1137], weake, fooles, and ricketty children, scandalls to nature and their country. The heralds are fooles [1138]—tota errant via. A blessing goes with a marriage for love upon a strong impulse.
[1135]Dr. Harvy [EU] told me, and anyone who examines themselves will find this to be true, that it's hard for a man to genuinely believe that he is imperfect in any part that he possesses, such as his teeth, eye, tongue, spine, etc. Nature seeks perfection, and when it comes to reproduction, we should rely more on our senses and instincts than on reason, caution, societal norms, and personal interests. We see the pitiful outcomes of overly cautious politicians—weak, foolish, and frail children, disgraceful to nature and their country. The heralds are fools [1138]—tota errant via. There’s a blessing that comes with a marriage based on love fueled by strong feelings.

[Pg 304]
[Pg 304]

[1139]Sowgelder. To see, Sir John, how much you are mistaken; he that marries a widdowe makes himself cuckold. Exempli gratia, to speake experimentally and in my trade, if a good bitch is first warded with a curre, let her ever after be warded with a dog of a good straine and yet she will bring curres as at first, her wombe being first infected with a curre. So, the children will be like the first husband (like raysing up children to your brother). So, the adulterer, though a crime in law, the children are like the husband.
[1139]Sowgelder. To see, Sir John, how wrong you are; when someone marries a widow, they make themselves a cuckold. For example, let’s talk from experience in my field: if a good dog is first mated with a mutt, no matter how well she’s bred afterwards, she will still produce mutts because her womb was first contaminated by the mutt. Similarly, the children will resemble the first husband (like raising your brother’s kids). Thus, the adulterer, though a crime legally, means the children will resemble the husband.

Sir John. Thou dost talke, me thinks, more understandingly of these matters then any one I have mett with.
Sir John. I think you talk about these matters more intelligently than anyone I've met.

Sowgelder. Ah! my old friend Dr. Harvey—I knew him right well—he made me sitt by him 2 or 3 hours together discoursing. Why! had he been stiffe, starcht [1140], and retired, as other formall doctors are, he had known no more then they. From the meanest person, in some way, or other, the learnedst man may learn something. Pride has been one of the greatest stoppers [1141] of the advancement of learning.
Sowgelder. Ah! my old friend Dr. Harvey—I knew him quite well—he would have me sit with him for 2 or 3 hours just talking. If he had been stiff, formal, and distant like other traditional doctors, he wouldn't have known any more than they did. Even the simplest person can teach the smartest individual something in some way. Pride has been one of the biggest obstacles to the progress of knowledge.

Notes.

[EQ] Aubrey gives (MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64) in trick the coat:—'or, on a chief indented sable 3 crescents argent [Harvey]; quartering ..., 2 bars wavy ..., on a chief ... a lozenge charged with a Maltese cross....'
[EQ] Aubrey presents (MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64) the coat of arms:—'or, on a chief indented black 3 silver crescents [Harvey]; quartering ..., 2 wavy bars ..., on a chief ... a lozenge with a Maltese cross....'

[ER] i.e. the inscriptions given here are extracted from the lost volume B. of Aubrey's antiquarian collections. July 2, 1674, Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 103:—'My brother William hath my liber B, wherin is the epitaph etc. of Dr. William Harvey's life.'
[ER] i.e. the inscriptions provided here are taken from the lost volume B of Aubrey's collection of antiquities. July 2, 1674, Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Ballard 14, fol. 103:—'My brother William has my book B, which contains the epitaph, etc., of Dr. William Harvey's life.'

[ES] On MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 61, the blank address-side of Francis Potter's letter (of date Dec. 7, 1652) to Aubrey are found Aubrey's jottings of this conversation:—
[ES] On MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 61, the empty address-side of Francis Potter's letter (dated Dec. 7, 1652) to Aubrey contains Aubrey's notes from this conversation:—

'Vesalius
{ Bantinus
{ Anthocologia
J. Riolani.

'Vesalius { Bantinus { Anthocologia J. Riolani.

de oculo

of the eye

Julius Placentinus: de oculo et
auditu
de oculo et visione
Fabricius Aquapendente.

Julius Placentinus: *On the Eye and*
Listening
On the Eye and Vision
Fabricius Aquapendente.

Ad legendos hosce bonos autores cohortatus sum a doctore Gulielmo Harveo.'
Ad legendos hosce bonos autores cohortatus sum a doctore Gulielmo Harveo.

[ET] Aubrey has preserved two specimens of this bad hand. MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 77, he marks as 'Dr. Harvey's bill for my purge, Nov. 19, 1655,' and notes 'The recipe is Dr. Harvey's own handwriting.' MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 107, is a prescription addressed for 'Mr. Aubrey, Apr. 23, 1653,' on which Aubrey notes 'This is Dr. William Harvey's owne writing.'
[ET] Aubrey has kept two examples of this bad handwriting. In MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 77, he labels it 'Dr. Harvey's bill for my purge, Nov. 19, 1655,' and adds 'The recipe is Dr. Harvey's own handwriting.' MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 107, contains a prescription addressed to 'Mr. Aubrey, Apr. 23, 1653,' on which Aubrey notes 'This is Dr. William Harvey's own writing.'

[EU] This passage, and the next, are taken from Aubrey's projected comedy, The Country Revel. In all likelihood they are a reminiscence of Harvey's familiar conversation: see p. 300, supra.
[EU] This excerpt, along with the following one, comes from Aubrey's planned comedy, The Country Revel. It's likely a reflection of Harvey's well-known talks: see p. 300, supra.

[Pg 305]
[Pg 305]

John Hawles (1645-1716).

[1142]'Remarks upon the Tryalls of Edward Fitzharris, Stephen Colledge, count Coningsmark, the lord Russell, col. Sydney, Henry Cornish, and Charles Bateman; as also of Shaftsbury's Grand Jury, Wilmore's Homine replegiando, and the award of execution against Sir Thomas Armstrong': by John Hawles, barrister, of Lincoln's Inne: London, 1689.
[1142]'Comments on the Trials of Edward Fitzharris, Stephen Colledge, Count Coningsmark, Lord Russell, Colonel Sydney, Henry Cornish, and Charles Bateman; as well as Shaftesbury's Grand Jury, Wilmore's Homine replegiando, and the execution order against Sir Thomas Armstrong': by John Hawles, lawyer from Lincoln's Inn: London, 1689.

He was the sonne of Thomas Hawles, esq., and borne at his father's house in the close in Salisbury. He went to school at Winton College, and was a gentleman commoner of Queen's College, Oxon. He is an exceeding ingeniose young gentleman.
He was the son of Thomas Hawles, Esq., and was born at his father's house in the close in Salisbury. He attended school at Winton College and was a gentleman commoner at Queen's College, Oxford. He is an exceptionally clever young man.

Richard Head (1637?-1686?).

[1143]From Mr. Bovey:—... Meriton—his true name was Head (Mr. Bovey knew him). Borne ...; was a bookeseller in Little Britaine.
[1143]From Mr. Bovey:—... Meriton—his real name was Head (Mr. Bovey knew him). He was a bookseller in Little Britain.

He had been amongst the gipsies. He looked like a knave with his gogling eies. He could transforme [1144] himselfe into shape. Brake 2 or 3 times. Was at last a bookeseller, or towards his later end. He maintained himselfe by scribling. He 20s. per sheet. He wrote severall pieces, viz. The English Rogue[EV], The Art of Wheadling, etc.
He had been among the gypsies. He looked like a shady character with his bulging eyes. He could transform himself into any shape. He changed forms two or three times. Eventually, he became a bookseller, or that was his last role. He supported himself by writing. He earned 20 shillings per sheet. He wrote several works, including *The English Rogue*, *The Art of Wheedling*, and others.

He was drowned goeing to Plymouth by long sea about 1676, being about 50 yeares of age.
He drowned while going to Plymouth by sea around 1676, at about 50 years old.

Note.

[EV] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, Anthony Wood notes 'Meriton Latrone in "the English Rogue"; I have it in my other study.'—'The English Rogue described in the life of Meriton Latrone,' Lond. 1666.
[EV] In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, Anthony Wood mentions 'Meriton Latrone in "the English Rogue"; I have that book in my other study.'—'The English Rogue described in the life of Meriton Latrone,' London 1666.

[Pg 306]
[Pg 306]

James Heath (1629-1664).

[1145]Quaere of Sir ... Heath in Pumpe Court; quaere capt. Sherburne and J. Davys de hoc.
[1145]Ask Sir ... Heath in Pumpe Court; ask capt. Sherburne and J. Davys about this.

Ex registro St. Bartholomew the lesse, London, Anno Dom. 1664. 'James Heath, gent., dyed the 16th, and was buryed the 19th of August, consumption and dropsey, in the church neere the skreene dore.'
Ex registro St. Bartholomew the lesse, London, Anno Dom. 1664. 'James Heath, gent., died on the 16th and was buried on the 19th of August, from consumption and dropsy, in the church near the screen door.'

The clarke here told me that once he had a pretty good estate, but in his later time maintained him selfe much by writing bookes [EW]. He was hardly 40 yeares old when he dyed. He left 4 or 5 children on the parish, now all or most maried. Two were bound apprentices to weavers.
The clerk here told me that he once had a pretty good estate, but later on, he mostly supported himself by writing books [EW]. He was barely 40 years old when he passed away. He left 4 or 5 children in the parish, most of whom are now married. Two of them were apprenticed to weavers.

Note.

[EW] James Heath, ejected by the Parliamentary Visitors (1648) from his Studentship in Christ Church, wrote histories of portions of the Civil War.
[EW] James Heath, removed by the Parliamentary Visitors (1648) from his position as a student at Christ Church, wrote histories about parts of the Civil War.

Elize Hele (15..-1635).

[1146]Lady Hele [1147] in Devon, 800 li. per annum—Sir John Maynard.
[1146]Lady Hele [1147] in Devon, £800 a year—Sir John Maynard.

The lady Hele of Devon gave by her will 800 li. per annum to be layd out for charitable uses and by the advice and prudence of serjeant Maynard [1148]. He did order it [1149] according to the best of his understanding, and yet he sayd that he haz lived to see every one of these benefactions abused—quod N. B.
The lady Hele of Devon left in her will £800 a year to be used for charitable purposes, with guidance and discretion from Sergeant Maynard [1148]. He managed it [1149] to the best of his abilities, but he said he has witnessed every one of these charitable donations being misused—note that.

[1150]Sir Robert Henley (16..-1680?).

Sir Robert Henley, of Bramswell, Hants, baronet, decubuit [1151], Thursday, about 3^h P.M., Feb. 14, Valentine's [Pg 307]day. He was taken ill a hunting about noon, I think the Tuesday before. The yeare when, quaere? 1673.
Sir Robert Henley, of Bramswell, Hants, baronet, passed away [1151], on Thursday, around 3 PM, February 14, Valentine's Day. He fell ill while hunting around noon, I believe, the Tuesday before. The year? 1673.

Edward Herbert, baron Herbert of Chirbury (1583-1648).

[1152]Edward [EX], lord Herbert of Cherbery—vide memorandum [1153], 1672. Vide 8vo booke by ..., ubi his life, and description of a noble monument designed by him. Vide [1154] lib. B, Montgomery, p. 126.—Severall whispering places in Wales, one here at Montgomery:— Meredith Lloyd.—Prophetick [1155], America—vide lib. B, Montgomery.
[1152]Edward [EX], Lord Herbert of Cherbury—see memorandum [1153], 1672. See 8vo book by ..., where you'll find his life and a description of a notable monument he designed. See [1154] lib. B, Montgomery, p. 126.—Several rumored locations in Wales, including one here at Montgomery:— Meredith Lloyd.—Prophetic [1155], America—see lib. B, Montgomery.

Usher, Lord Primate of Ireland, was sent for by him, when in his death-bed, and he would have received the sacrament. He sayd indifferently of it that 'if there was good in any-thing 'twas in that,' or 'if it did no good 'twould doe no hurt.' The primate refused it, for which many blamed him. He dyed at his house in Queen street, very serenely; asked what was a clock, answer so ...: 'then,' sayd he, 'an houre hence I shall depart.' He then turned his head to the other side and expired. In his will he gave speciall order to have his white stone-horse (which he loved) to be well fed and carefully looked after as long as he lived. He had two libraries, one at London, the other at Montgomery; one [EY] wherof he gave to Jesus College, Oxon.
Usher, Lord Primate of Ireland, was summoned by him while on his deathbed, and he wanted to receive the sacrament. He remarked neutrally about it that "if there’s any good in anything, it’s in that," or "if it doesn’t do any good, it won’t do any harm." The primate refused it, which many criticized him for. He died peacefully at his house on Queen Street; when asked what time it was, he responded, "Then," he said, "an hour from now, I will pass away." He then turned his head to the other side and died. In his will, he specifically asked for his beloved white stone horse to be well-fed and taken care of as long as he lived. He had two libraries, one in London and the other in Montgomery; he gave one [EY] to Jesus College, Oxford.

Vide his mother's, the [1156] ..., funerall sermon, preached at Chelsey by Dr. Donne, wherunto are annexed Latin and Greeke verses by her sonne, George Herbert.
Vide his mother's, the [1156] ..., funeral sermon, preached at Chelsea by Dr. Donne, to which are added Latin and Greek verses by her son, George Herbert.

Verses. Poemes.
Verses. Poems.

Vide more of this lord in Lloyd's State-Worthies, 8vo. 1679.
Vide more of this lord in Lloyd's State-Worthies, 8vo. 1679.

Amici:—John Donne, D.D.; Sir John Danvers, etc.
Friends:—John Donne, D.D.; Sir John Danvers, etc.

[Pg 308]
[Pg 308]

[1157](August, 1648)—St. Giles-in-the-fields: 'August 5th, buried Edward, lord Herbert, baron of Cherbery.'
[1157](August, 1648)—St. Giles-in-the-fields: 'August 5th, buried Edward, Lord Herbert, Baron of Cherbery.'

Mr. Fludd tells me he had constantly prayers twice a day in his howse, and Sundayes would have his chaplayne read one of Smyth's sermons. Vide Mr. Davys, attorney.
Mr. Fludd tells me he had daily prayers twice a day in his house, and on Sundays, he would have his chaplain read one of Smyth's sermons. See Mr. Davys, attorney.

[1158]Sir Edward Herbert, afterward lord Cherbery, etc., dyed at his house, in Queen street, in the parish of St. Giles in the fields, London, and lies interred in the chancell, under the lord Stanhope's inscription.
[1158]Sir Edward Herbert, later known as Lord Cherbery, passed away at his home on Queen Street in the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, London, and is buried in the chancel under the inscription of Lord Stanhope.

On a black marble grave-stone thus:
On a black marble gravestone like this:

Heic inhumatur corpus
Edvardi Herbert, Equitis
Balnei, Baronis de Cherbury
et Castle-Island. Auctoris Libri
cui titulus est De Veritate.
Reddor ut herbae,
Vicessimo die Augusti,
Anno Domini 1648.
He will be buried here
the body of
Edward Herbert, Knight
of the Bath, Baron of Cherbury
and Castle Island. Author of the book
titled On Truth.
I return like the herbs,
on the twentieth day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1648.

I have seem him severall times with Sir John Danvers: he was a black man.
I have seen him several times with Sir John Danvers: he was a black man.

Memorandum:—the castle of Montgomery was a most romancy seate. It stood upon a high promontory, the north side 30+ feete high. From hence is a most delightsome prospect, 4 severall wayes. Southwards, without the castle, is Prim-rose hill: vide Donne's Poems, p. 53.
Memorandum:—the castle of Montgomery was a very romantic place. It was on a high cliff, with the north side over 30 feet high. From here, there's a beautiful view in four different directions. To the south, outside the castle, is Prim-rose hill: see Donne's Poems, p. 53.

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__On this Primrose Hill__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__,
Where, if Heaven would pour A shower of rain, each individual drop might go To his own primrose, and grow manna too; And where their shape and their infinity Make a terrestrial galaxy,
Like the small stars do in the sky; I walk to find true love, and I see
She's not just an ordinary woman, But most, or more, or less than a woman be, etc.

[LXXXI.] In the parke.
In the park.

[Pg 309]
[Pg 309]

In this pleasant solitude did this noble lord enjoy his muse. Here he wrote his De Veritate. Dr. Coote (a Cambridge scholar and a learned) was one of his chaplains. Mr. Thomas Masters, of New College, Oxon, lived with him till 1642.
In this peaceful solitude, this noble lord enjoyed his inspiration. Here he wrote his De Veritate. Dr. Coote, a scholar from Cambridge and a learned man, was one of his chaplains. Mr. Thomas Masters from New College, Oxon, lived with him until 1642.

This stately castle was demolished since the late warres at the chardge of the countrey.
This impressive castle was destroyed after the recent wars at the expense of the country.

Notes.

[EX] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95, Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'Party per pale, azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent' [Herbert of Chirbury]: surmounted by a baron's coronet.
[EX] In MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95, Aubrey provides a drawing of the coat of arms:—'Split vertically, blue and red, with 3 silver lions standing on their hind legs' [Herbert of Chirbury]: topped with a baron's coronet.

[EY] It was his London library that he gave to Jesus College: so Aubrey, 2 Sept. 1671, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138.
[EY] He donated his library in London to Jesus College, according to Aubrey, 2 September 1671, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138.

George Herbert (1593-1633).

[1160]Mr. George Herbert was kinsman (remote) and chapelaine to Philip, earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, and Lord Chamberlayn. His lordship gave him a benefice [1161] at Bemmarton [LXXXII.] (between Wilton and Salisbury), a pittifull little chappell of ease to Foughelston. The old house was very ruinous. Here he built a very handsome howse for the minister, of brick, and made a good garden and walkes. He lyes in the chancell, under no large, nor yet very good, marble grave-stone, without any inscription.
[1160]Mr. George Herbert was a distant relative and chaplain to Philip, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, and Lord Chamberlain. His lordship gave him a benefice [1161] at Bemmarton [LXXXII.] (between Wilton and Salisbury), a pretty small chapel of ease to Foughelston. The old house was in bad shape. Here he built a very nice house for the minister, made of brick, and created a good garden and paths. He is buried in the chancel, under a small and not very impressive marble gravestone, without any inscription.

[LXXXII.] In the records of the Tower it is writt Bymerton.
[LXXXII.] In the Tower's records, it is written Bymerton.

Scripsit:—Sacred Poems, called The Church, printed, Cambridge, 1633; a booke entituled The Country Parson, not printed till about 1650, 8vo. He also writt a folio in Latin, which because the parson [LXXXIII.] of Hineham could not read, his widowe (then wife to Sir Robert Cooke) condemned to the uses of good houswifry.
Scripsit:—Sacred Poems, titled The Church, printed in Cambridge, 1633; a book called The Country Parson, not printed until around 1650, 8vo. He also wrote a folio in Latin, which the parson of Hineham couldn’t read, and his widow (who was then married to Sir Robert Cooke) deemed it suitable for practical housekeeping.

[LXXXIII.] This account I had from Mr. Arnold Cooke, one of Sir Robert Cooke's sonnes, whom I desired to aske his mother-in-lawe [1162] for Mr. G. Herbert's MSS.
[LXXXIII.] I got this information from Mr. Arnold Cooke, one of Sir Robert Cooke's sons, whom I asked to check with his mother-in-law [1162] about Mr. G. Herbert's manuscripts.

He was buryed (according to his owne desire) with the singing service for the buriall of dead, by the singing men of Sarum. Fr Sambroke (attorney) then assisted as a chorister boy; my uncle, Thomas [Pg 310]Danvers, was at the funerall. Vide in the Register booke at the office when he dyed, for the parish register is lost.
He was buried (according to his own wishes) with the singing service for the burial of the dead, performed by the singing men of Sarum. Francis Sambroke (attorney) assisted as a choirboy; my uncle, Thomas Danvers, was at the funeral. Check the Register book at the office for the date of his death, as the parish register is lost.

Memorandum:—in the chancell are many apt sentences of the Scripture. At his wive's seate, My life is hid with Christ in God, Coloss. iii. 3 (he hath verses on this text in his poëms). Above, in a little windowe blinded, within a veile (ill painted), Thou art my hideing place, Psalm xxxii. 7.
Memorandum:—in the chancel, there are many fitting verses from Scripture. At his wife's seat, My life is hidden with Christ in God, Colossians 3:3 (he has verses on this text in his poems). Above, in a small window covered, behind a curtain (poorly painted), You are my hiding place, Psalm 32:7.

He maried Jane, the third daughter of Charles Danvers, of Bayntun, in com. Wilts, esq. but had no issue by her. He was a very fine complexion and consumptive. His mariage, I suppose, hastened his death. My kinswoman was a handsome bona roba and ingeniose.
He married Jane, the third daughter of Charles Danvers, of Bayntun, in Wiltshire, but they had no children together. He had a very fine complexion but was consumptive. I believe his marriage may have sped up his death. My relative was a beautiful woman and very clever.

When he was first maried he lived a yeare or better at Dantesey house. H. Allen, of Dantesey, was well acquainted with him, who has told me that he had a very good hand on the lute, and that he sett his own lyricks or sacred poems. 'Tis an honour to the place, to have had the heavenly and ingeniose contemplation of this good man, who was pious even to prophesie;—e.g.
When he was first married, he lived at Dantesey House for a year or so. H. Allen, of Dantesey, knew him well and told me that he had a great talent for playing the lute and that he wrote his own lyrics or sacred poems. It’s an honor for the place to have had the heavenly and creative thoughts of this good man, who was so pious he could even prophesy;—for example.

'Religion now stands on edge,
Ready to go to the American shores.

[1163]George Herbert:— cozen Nan Garnet pro picture; if not, her aunt ... Cooke.
[1163]George Herbert:— trick Nan Garnet for picture; if not, her aunt ... Cooke.

Mary Herbert, countess of Pembroke (1555-1621).

[1164]Mary [EZ], countesse of Pembroke, was sister to Sir Philip Sydney; maried to Henry, the eldest son of William, earle of Pembroke aforesayd; but this subtile old earle did foresee that his faire and witty daughter-in-lawe would horne his sonne and told him so and advised him to keepe her in the countrey and not to let her frequent the court.
[1164]Mary [EZ], Countess of Pembroke, was the sister of Sir Philip Sidney; married to Henry, the eldest son of William, Earl of Pembroke. However, this crafty old earl anticipated that his beautiful and clever daughter-in-law would overshadow his son and warned him about it, advising him to keep her in the countryside and not to allow her to visit the court often.

She was a beautifull ladie and had an excellent witt, and had the best breeding that that age could afford. Shee [Pg 311]had a pritty sharpe-ovall face. Her haire was of a reddish yellowe.
She was a beautiful lady with a sharp wit and the best upbringing that time could offer. She [Pg 311]had a pretty oval face. Her hair was a reddish-yellow color.

She was very salacious, and she had a contrivance that in the spring of the yeare [1165] ... the stallions ... were to be brought before such a part of the house, where she had a vidette to look on them.... One of her great gallants was crooke-back't Cecill, earl of Salisbury.
She was quite flirtatious, and she had a scheme that in the spring of the year [1165] ... the stallions ... were to be showcased in a part of the house where she had a vidette to watch them.... One of her main admirers was the hunchbacked Cecil, Earl of Salisbury.

In her time Wilton house was like a College, there were so many learned and ingeniose persons. She was the greatest patronesse of witt and learning of any lady in her time. She was a great chymist and spent yearly a great deale in that study. She kept for her laborator [1166] in the house Adrian Gilbert (vulgarly called Dr. Gilbert), halfe brother to Sir Walter Ralegh, who was a great chymist in those dayes. 'Twas he that made the curious wall about Rowlington-parke, which is the parke that adjoyns to the house at Wilton. Mr. Henry Sanford was the earle's secretary, a good scholar and poet, and who did penne part of the Arcadia dedicated to her (as appeares by the preface). He haz a preface before it with the two letters of his name. 'Tis he that haz verses before Bond's Horace. She also gave an honourable yearly pension to Dr. Mouffett,[1167]who hath writt a booke De insectis. Also one ... Boston, a good chymist, a Salisbury man borne, who [1168] did undoe himselfe by studying the philosopher's stone, and she would have kept him but he would have all the gold to him selfe and so dyed I thinke in a goale.
In her day, Wilton House was like a college, filled with many knowledgeable and inventive people. She was the greatest supporter of wit and learning among women of her time. She was a skilled chemist and spent a significant amount each year on her studies. She had Adrian Gilbert (commonly known as Dr. Gilbert), half-brother to Sir Walter Raleigh, working in her laboratory. He was a well-known chemist at that time. He created the impressive wall surrounding Rowlington Park, which is the park adjacent to the house at Wilton. Mr. Henry Sanford was the Earl's secretary, a good scholar and poet, who penned part of the Arcadia dedicated to her (as mentioned in the preface). He included a preface with the initials of his name. He also wrote verses for Bond's Horace. Additionally, she provided a generous annual pension to Dr. Mouffett,[1167] who wrote a book titled De insectis. There was also a man from Salisbury named Boston, a skilled chemist, who ruined himself by studying the philosopher's stone. She would have supported him, but he wanted all the gold for himself and ultimately died, I believe, in prison.

At Wilton is a good library which Mr. Christopher Wase can give you the best account of of any one; which was collected in this learned ladie's time. There is a manuscript very elegantly written, viz. all the Psalmes of David translated by Sir Philip Sydney, curiously bound in crimson velvet. There is a MS. writt by Dame Marian [1169] of hunting [Pg 312]and hawking, in English verse, written in King Henry the 8^th's time (quaere Mr. Christopher Wase farther). There is the legier book of Wilton, one page Saxon and the other Latin, which Mr. Dugdale perused.
At Wilton, there's a great library that Mr. Christopher Wase can tell you all about better than anyone else; it was collected during the time of this learned lady. There's a manuscript that's very elegantly written, which is all the Psalms of David translated by Sir Philip Sidney, beautifully bound in crimson velvet. There's also a manuscript written by Dame Marian [1169] about hunting and hawking, in English verse, dating back to the time of King Henry the 8^th (ask Mr. Christopher Wase for more details). Additionally, there's the ledger book of Wilton, with one page in Saxon and the other in Latin, which Mr. Dugdale examined.

This curious seate of Wilton and the adjacent countrey is an Arcadian place and a paradise. Sir Philip Sydney was much here, and there was [1170] ... great love between him and his faire sister ... I have heard old gentlemen (old Sir Walter Long of Dracot and old Mr. Tyndale) say ... The first Philip, earle of Pembroke, ... inherited not the witt of either the brother or sister.
This interesting estate in Wilton and the surrounding countryside is like an Arcadian place and a paradise. Sir Philip Sidney spent a lot of time here, and there was great affection between him and his beautiful sister. I've heard older gentlemen (old Sir Walter Long of Dracot and old Mr. Tyndale) say that the first Philip, Earl of Pembroke, didn’t inherit the wit of either his brother or sister.

This countesse, after her lord's death, maried [LXXXIV.] to Sir Matthew Lister [LXXXV.], knight, one of the Colledge of Physitians, London. He was (they say) a learned and a handsome gentleman. She built then a curious house in Bedfordshire called Houghton Lodge neer Ampthill. The architects were sent for from Italie. It is built according to the description of Basilius's house in the first booke of the Arcadia (which is dedicated to her). It is most pleasantly situated and hath fower visto's, each prospect 25 or 30 miles. This was sold to the earle of Elgin for ... li. The house did cost 10,000 li. the building.
This countess, after her husband's death, married [LXXXIV.] Sir Matthew Lister [LXXXV.], a knight and a member of the College of Physicians in London. He was reportedly a learned and handsome gentleman. She then built a beautiful house in Bedfordshire called Houghton Lodge near Ampthill. The architects were brought in from Italy. It is designed based on the description of Basilius's house in the first book of the Arcadia (which is dedicated to her). The location is very pleasant and has four viewpoints, each offering a view of 25 to 30 miles. This was sold to the Earl of Elgin for ... li. The cost of building the house was 10,000 li.

[LXXXIV.] Jack Markham saies they were not .
[LXXXIV.] Jack Markham says they were not .

[LXXXV.] He dyed 1644 or 1645.
[LXXXV.] He dyed in 1644 or 1645.

I thinke she was buryed in the vault in the choire at Salisbury, by Henry, earl of Pembroke, her first husband: but there is no memoriall of her, nor of any of the rest, except some penons and scutcheons.
I think she was buried in the vault in the choir at Salisbury by Henry, Earl of Pembroke, her first husband. But there is no memorial for her or any of the others, just some flags and shields.

[1171]An epitaph on the lady Mary, countesse of Pembroke (in print somewhere), by William Browne, who wrote the Pastoralls, whom William, earle of Pembroke, preferr'd to be tutor to the first earle of Carnarvon ( Dormer), which was worth to him 5 or 6000 li., i.e. he bought 300 li. per annum land—from old Jack Markham—
[1171]An epitaph for Lady Mary, Countess of Pembroke (published somewhere), by William Browne, who wrote the Pastorals. William, Earl of Pembroke, chose him to be the tutor for the first Earl of Carnarvon ( Dormer), which was worth about 5 or 6000 li., meaning he purchased land worth 300 li. per year—from old Jack Markham—

Under this black hearse
Is the topic of all poetry:
Sydney's sister, Pembroke's mom.
[Pg 313] Death! Before you kill__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ someone else like that
As fair, good, and learned as she is,
Time will take a__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ shot at you.

Note.

[EZ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'parted per pale azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent [Herbert]; impaling, , a pheon [Sydney].'
[EZ] Aubrey describes the coat of arms:—'divided vertically blue and red, with 3 silver lions [Herbert]; combined with, gold, a blue arrowhead [Sydney].'

Richard Herbert (15..-1596).

[1174](Ex libro B, p. 126):—In a buriall-place in the church at Montgomery (belonging to the castle) is a great out-started monument of Richard Herbert, esq. (father to the learned lord Herbert of Cherbery, and Mr. George Herbert, who wrote the sacred poëms), where are the effigies of him and Magdalene his wife, who afterwards was maried to Sir John Danvers of Wilts, and lies interred at Chelsey church but without any monument. Dr. Donne, dean of St. Paul's, preached her funerall sermon, to which are annexed severall verses, Latin and Greeke, by Mr. George Herbert, in memorie of her. She was buryed, as appeares by the sermon, July 1, 1627.
[1174](Ex libro B, p. 126):—In a burial place in the church at Montgomery (part of the castle) is a large, prominent monument of Richard Herbert, Esq. (father of the learned Lord Herbert of Cherbury and Mr. George Herbert, who wrote the sacred poems), showcasing the figures of him and his wife Magdalene, who later married Sir John Danvers of Wilts and is buried at Chelsey church without any monument. Dr. Donne, Dean of St. Paul's, preached her funeral sermon, which includes several verses in Latin and Greek by Mr. George Herbert in her memory. She was buried, as noted in the sermon, on July 1, 1627.

In the tomb of Richard Herbert, knight, and his wife Magdalena
ejus, eleven-syllable line.
What virtue, duty, or love for the right, Then when life is fleeting, can they help?
In heaven, a lasting name,
Let this stone teach, revealing two Together united in one chamber Heic unus tumulus lapisve signat.
Stay a while, Reader, and farewell,
Worshiping the eternal name everywhere.

[1175]In Brecknockshire, about 3 miles from Brecknock, is a village called Penkelly (Anglicè Hasel-wood), where is a little castle. It is an ancient seate of the Herberts. Mr. Herbert, of this place, came, by the mother's side, of Ŵgan. The lord Cherbery's ancestor came by the second [Pg 314]venter, who was a miller's daughter. The greatest part of the estate was settled on the issue by the 2d venter, viz. Montgomery castle, and Aberystwith. Upon this match with the miller's daughter are to this day recited, or sung, by the Welsh, these verses: viz.:—
[1175]In Brecknockshire, about 3 miles from Brecknock, there’s a village called Penkelly (in English Hasel-wood), which has a small castle. It’s an ancient home of the Herberts. Mr. Herbert from this place is related to Ŵgan on his mother’s side. The ancestor of Lord Cherbery was linked to the second wife, who was a miller's daughter. Most of the estate was passed down through this second marriage, specifically Montgomery Castle and Aberystwyth. To this day, the Welsh recite or sing these verses related to this union with the miller's daughter: viz.:—

Ô gway vinney (dhyw) râg wilidh Vôd vinhad yn velinidh A' vôd vy mam yn velinidhes A madman in the highlands.

To this sence [FA]:—
To this sense __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__:—

O God! Woe is me miserable, my father was a miller, and my mother a milleresse, and I am now a ladie.
O God! Woe is me, I’m so miserable. My father was a miller, and my mother was a milleress, and now I am a lady.

Note.

[FA] A more exact rendering is:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ A more accurate translation is:—

Oh, woe is me (God) for shame,
My dad is a miller.
And my mother is the wife of a miller,
And that I am a peeress.'

William Herbert, 1st earl of Pembroke (1507-1570).

[1176]William [FB], earle of Pembroke, the first earle of that family, was borne (I thinke I have heard my cosen Whitney say) in ... in Monmouthshire. Herbert, of Colbrooke in Monmouthshire, is of that family.
[1176]William [FB], the Earl of Pembroke, the first earl from that family, was born (I believe I’ve heard my cousin Whitney say) in ... in Monmouthshire. Herbert, from Colbrooke in Monmouthshire, is part of that family.

He was (as I take it) a younger brother, a mad fighting young fellow. 'Tis certaine he was a servant to the house of Worcester, and wore their blew-coate and badge. My cosen Whitney's great aunt gave him a golden angell [1177] when he went to London. One time being at Bristowe, he was arrested, and killed one of the sheriffes of the city. He made his escape through Back-street, through the (then great) gate, into the Marsh, and gott into France.
He was, as I understand it, a younger brother, a wild and passionate young guy. It's certain he was a servant for the house of Worcester and wore their blue coat and badge. My cousin Whitney's great-aunt gave him a golden angel [1177] when he went to London. Once, while in Bristol, he was arrested and killed one of the city sheriffs. He escaped through Back Street, through the (then big) gate, into the Marsh, and made it to France.

Memorandum:—upon this action of killing the sheriffe, the city ordered the gate to be walled-up, and only a little posterne gate or dore, with a turnestile for a foot-passenger, which continued so till Bristowe was a garrison for the king, [Pg 315]and the great gate was then opened, in 1644, or 1645. When I was a boy there, living with my father's mother, who was maried to alderman John Whitson [LXXXVI.] (who was my god-father), the story was as fresh as but of yesterday. He was called black Will Herbert.
Memorandum:—after the action of killing the sheriff, the city ordered the gate to be bricked up, leaving only a small postern gate or door with a turnstile for pedestrians. This continued until Bristol was a garrison for the king, [Pg 315] and the main gate was opened again in 1644 or 1645. When I was a boy living there with my grandmother, who was married to Alderman John Whitson [LXXXVI.] (who was my godfather), the story felt as fresh as if it happened yesterday. He was known as Black Will Herbert.

[LXXXVI.] He was the greatest benefactor to the city that haz been since the Reformacion. He gave 500 li. per annum at least to the city to maintain ... blew-coates, boies and maydes. He dyed about 1629; vide register.
[LXXXVI.] He was the greatest benefactor to the city since the Reformation. He donated at least 500 li. a year to the city to support ... workers, boys, and girls. He died around 1629; see the register.

In France he betooke himself into the army, where he shewd so much courage, and readinesse of witt in conduct, that in short time he became eminent, and was favoured by the king, who afterwards recommended him to Henry the VIII of England, who much valued him, and heaped favours and honours upon him.
In France, he joined the army, where he showed so much courage and quick thinking in his leadership that he quickly became notable and was favored by , the king, who later recommended him to Henry VIII of England, who greatly appreciated him and showered him with favors and honors.

Upon the dissolution of the abbeys, he gave him the abbey of Wilton, and a country of lands and mannours thereabout belonging to it. He gave him also the abbey of Remesbury in Wilts, with much lands belonging to it. He gave him Cardiff-Castle in Glamorganshire, with the ancient crowne-lands belonging to it.
Upon the disbanding of the abbeys, he gave him the abbey of Wilton, along with a region of lands and manors surrounding it. He also granted him the abbey of Remesbury in Wilts, with a lot of land associated with it. He gave him Cardiff Castle in Glamorganshire, along with the historic crown lands that came with it.

Almost all the country held of this castle. It was built by Sir Robert Fitzhamond the Norman, who lies buried at Tewkesbury abbey with a memorial: and he built the abbey of Glocester. It afterwards came to Jasper, duke of Bedford, etc.; so to the crowne. I have seen severall writings of Sir John Aubrey's at Llantrithid in Glamorganshire, which beginne [1178] thus:—'Ego Jaspar, frater regum et patruus, dux Bedfordiae, comes Pembrochiae, et dominus de Glamorgan et Morgannog, omnibus ad quos hoc presens scriptum pervenerit, salutem, etc.'
Almost all the country belonged to this castle. It was built by Sir Robert Fitzhamond the Norman, who is buried at Tewkesbury Abbey with a memorial; he also built the Abbey of Gloucester. It later came to Jasper, Duke of Bedford, and eventually to the crown. I have seen several writings by Sir John Aubrey at Llantrithid in Glamorganshire, which start like this:—'I, Jasper, brother of kings and uncle, Duke of Bedford, Earl of Pembroke, and lord of Glamorgan and Morgannog, to all whom this present writing shall reach, greetings, etc.'

He maried Par, sister of queen Katharine Par, daughter and co-heire of Par (I thinke [FC], marquisse of Northampton), by whom he had 2 sonnes, Henry, earle of Pembroke, and the ancestor of the lord Powys.
He married Par, sister of Queen Katharine Par, daughter and co-heir of Par (I believe [FC], Marquis of Northampton), with whom he had 2 sons, Henry, Earl of Pembroke, and , the ancestor of Lord Powys.

He was made Privy Councellor and conservator of King Henry the Eight's [1179]will. He could neither write nor [Pg 316]read, but had a stamp for his name. He was of good naturall parts; but very cholerique. He was strong sett but bony, reddish-favoured, of a sharp eie [1180], sterne looke.
He was made a Privy Councillor and keeper of King Henry the Eighth's [1179]will. He couldn’t read or write, but he had a stamp for his signature. He was intelligent by nature, but very quick-tempered. He was stocky but bony, had a reddish complexion, sharp eyes [1180], and a stern look.

In queen Mary's time, upon the returne of the Catholique religion, the nunnes came again to Wilton abbey, and this William, earl of Pembroke, came to the gate (which lookes towards the court by the street, but now is walled-up) with his cappe in hand, and fell upon his knee to the lady abbesse [LXXXVII.] and the nunnes, crying peccavi. Upon queen Mary's death, the earle came to Wilton (like a tygre) and turnd them out, crying, 'Out ye whores, to worke, to worke, ye whores, goe spinne.'
In Queen Mary's time, when the Catholic religion returned, the nuns came back to Wilton Abbey. William, the Earl of Pembroke, approached the gate (which faces the courtyard by the street but is now walled up) with his cap in hand and fell to his knees before the lady abbess [LXXXVII.] and the nuns, crying out for forgiveness. After Queen Mary's death, the earl came to Wilton, like a tiger, and drove them out, shouting, "Get out, you whores, get to work, you whores, go spin!"

[LXXXVII.] The last lady abbesse here was ... Gawen, of Norrington, belonging to Chalke, where that family haz been 400 yeares (sold about 1665 to Judge Wadham Windham).
[LXXXVII.] The last lady abbess here was ... Gawen, of Norrington, belonging to Chalke, where that family has been for 400 years (sold around 1665 to Judge Wadham Windham).

He being a stranger in our country, and an upstart, was much envyed. And in those dayes (of sword and buckler), noblemen (and also great knights, as the Longs), when they went to the assizes or sessions at Salisbury, etc., had a great number of retainers following them; and there were (you have heard), in those dayes, feudes (i.e. quarrells and animosities) between great neighbours. Particularly this new earle was much envyed by the then lord Sturton of Sturton [FD], who would, when he went or returned from Sarum (by Wilton was his rode), sound his trumpetts, and give reproachfull challenging words; 'twas a relique of knighthood errantry.
He was a stranger in our country and an upstart, which made him a target of envy. Back in those days (when swords and bucklers were common), noblemen (and also great knights, like the Longs) had a lot of followers when they attended the assizes or sessions at places like Salisbury. There were, as you've heard, feuds (i.e., quarrels and animosities) between powerful neighbors. This new earl was especially envied by the then Lord Sturton of Sturton [FD], who, when he went to or returned from Sarum (his route was by Wilton), would sound his trumpets and hurl insulting challenges; it was a remnant of chivalric tradition.

From my great-uncles, the Brownes of Broad Chalke:—in queen Elizabeth's time, some bishop (I have forgot who) that had been his chaplain, was sent to him from the queen and council, to take interrogatories of him. So he takes out his pen and inke, examines and writes. When he had writt a good deale, sayd the earle, 'Now lett me see it.' 'Why,' q^d the bishop, 'your lordship cannot read it?' 'That's all one: I'le see it,' q^d he, and takes it and teares it to pieces: 'Zounds, you rascall,' q^d he, 'd'ee thinke I will have my throate cutt with a penknife?' It seemes they had a mind to have pick't a hole in his coate, and to have gott his estate.
From my great-uncles, the Brownes of Broad Chalke:—in Queen Elizabeth's time, some bishop (I've forgotten who) who had been his chaplain, was sent to him from the queen and council to ask him questions. So he takes out his pen and ink, examines, and writes. When he had written a good deal, the earl said, 'Now let me see it.' 'Why,' replied the bishop, 'your lordship cannot read it?' 'That doesn't matter: I'll see it,' he said, and takes it and tears it to pieces: 'Damn it, you rascal,' he said, 'do you think I will let myself be killed with a penknife?' It seems they wanted to find a way to take a piece of his estate.

[Pg 317]
[Pg 317]

'Tis reported that he caused himself to be lett bloud, and bled so much that it was his death, and that he should say as he was expiring, 'They would have Wilton—they would have Wilton,' and so gave up the ghost.
It's said that he had himself bled, and lost so much blood that it led to his death, and that he reportedly said as he was dying, 'They wanted Wilton—they wanted Wilton,' and then passed away.

Memorandum:—this William (the founder of this family) had a little cur-dog which loved him, and the earl loved the dog. When the earle dyed the dog would not goe from his master's dead body, but pined away, and dyed under the hearse; the picture of which dog is under his picture, in the Gallery at Wilton. Which putts me in [1181]mind of a parallell storie in Appian (Syrian Warr):—Lysimachus being slaine, a dog that loved him stayed a long time by the body and defended it from birds and beasts till such time as Thorax, king of Pharsalia, finding it out gave it buriall. And I thinke there is such another story in Pliny: vide.
Memorandum:—this William (the founder of this family) had a little cur-dog that loved him, and the earl loved the dog. When the earl died, the dog wouldn’t leave his master’s dead body, but grew weak and died under the hearse; the picture of this dog is under his portrait in the Gallery at Wilton. This reminds me of a similar story in Appian (Syrian Wars):—when Lysimachus was killed, a dog that loved him stayed by the body for a long time and defended it from birds and animals until Thorax, the king of Pharsalia, discovered it and gave it a proper burial. I believe there’s another story like this in Pliny: see.

He was buried in ... of St. Paule's, London, where he had a magnificent monument, which is described, with the epitaph, by Sir William Dugdale, which vide.
He was buried in St. Paul's, London, where he had a magnificent monument, described along with the epitaph by Sir William Dugdale, see.

[1182]This present earl of Pembroke (1680) has at Wilton 52 mastives and 30 grey-hounds, some beares, and a lyon, and a matter of 60 fellowes more bestiall than they.
[1182]The current Earl of Pembroke (1680) has 52 mastiffs and 30 greyhounds at Wilton, along with some bears and a lion, and around 60 other animals that are even more wild than those.

Notes.

[FB] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'party per pale azure and gules, 3 lions rampant argent [Herbert]; impaling, argent, 2 bars azure within a bordure engrailed sable [Parre],' surmounted by an earl's coronet.
[FB] Aubrey describes the coat of arms: 'divided vertically into blue and red, featuring three silver lions standing upright [Herbert]; combined with, silver, two blue stripes within a black wavy border [Parre],' topped with an earl's coronet.

[FC] In error. It was Sir Thomas Parre's son William (brother of this Anne, countess of Pembroke) who was created marquess of Northampton in 1546/7.
[FC] It was a mistake. It was Sir Thomas Parre's son William (the brother of Anne, countess of Pembroke) who was made marquess of Northampton in 1546/7.

[FD] Charles Stourton, succeeded as 7th baron in 1548; executed for murder in 1557.
[FD] Charles Stourton became the 7th baron in 1548; he was executed for murder in 1557.

William Herbert, 3rd earl of Pembroke (1580-1630).

[1183]William, earl of Pembroke, Chancellor of the University of Oxford, natus anno MDLXXX, viii Apr.; obiit anno MDCXXX, x Calend. Apr.[1184]—His death fell out according to prediction. He dyed a bed of an apoplexie.
[1183]William, Earl of Pembroke, Chancellor of the University of Oxford, born in 1580, April 8; died in 1630, March 23.[1184]—His death occurred as predicted. He died in bed from a stroke.

[1185]Wilhelmus, comes Pembrochiae, Cancellarius Univ.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Wilhelmus, Earl of Pembroke, Chancellor of the University.

[Pg 318]
[Pg 318]

Oxon., natus anno MDLXXX, viii Apr.; obiit anno MDCXXX, x Calend. Apr.—His nativity was calculated by old Mr. Thomas Allen: his death was foretold, which happened true at the time foretold. Being well in health, he made a feast; ate and dranke plentifully; went to bed; and found dead in the morning.
Oxon, born in 1580, on April 8; died in 1630, on the 10th of April. His birth was calculated by the late Mr. Thomas Allen; his death was predicted and happened exactly when expected. He was in good health, hosted a feast, ate and drank abundantly, went to bed, and was found dead in the morning.

[1186]William, earle of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain, and Chancellor of the University of Oxford:—
[1186]William, Earl of Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain, and Chancellor of the University of Oxford:—

Born in 1580, April 8. He passed away in the year 1630, on the 1st of April.

I find this under his engraved picture.
I found this under his engraved picture.

He dyed of an apoplexy, and it fell-out right according to prediction, because of which he made a great supper, and went to his bed well, but dyed in his sleep.
He died of a stroke, just as predicted. Because of this, he had a big dinner and went to bed feeling fine, but passed away in his sleep.

He was a most magnificent and brave peer, and loved learned men. He was a poet. There is a little booke in 12mo or 16mo which containes his wife's and Sir Benjamin Rudyer's who was his friend and contemporary.
He was a truly magnificent and brave nobleman, and he loved educated people. He was a poet. There is a small book in 12mo or 16mo that includes works by his wife and Sir Benjamin Rudyer, who was his friend and peer.

John Heydon (1629-166..).

[1187]From Elias Ashmole, esq^re, scilicet that he [1188] had the booke called The way to blisse from his adoptive father Backhowse [1189] at Swallowfield in com. Berks., a MSS. writt in queen Elizabeth's time, hand and stile ἀνονυμῶς.
[1187]From Elias Ashmole, esq^re, specifically that he [1188] had the book called The Way to Bliss from his adoptive father Backhowse [1189] at Swallowfield in Berkshire, a manuscript written during Queen Elizabeth's reign, anonymously.

Mr. ... Heyden maried Nicholas Culpepper's widdowe, and lights there [1190] on the aforesayd MSS., and prints a booke with a great deale of The way to blisse word for word and verses that are printed in the commendation of other bookes; and instead of such and such old philosophers [1191] putts downe John Bowker and William Lilly which they never heard of: and is so impudent in one of his bookes since as to say Mr. Ashmole borrowed of him.
Mr. Heyden married Nicholas Culpepper's widow, and he comes across the previously mentioned manuscripts, publishing a book with a lot of *The Way to Bliss* verbatim, along with verses praising other books. Instead of citing various old philosophers, he mentions John Bowker and William Lilly, who they had never heard of. He is so bold in one of his books later to claim that Mr. Ashmole borrowed from him.

[Pg 319]
[Pg 319]

Peter Heylyn (1599-1662).

[1192]Dr. Heylin was buried in the choire neer his own [subdean's [1193]] stall, May the 10th 1662 [1194], but his inscription is on the wall of the north aisle.
[1192]Dr. Heylin was buried in the choir near his own [subdean's [1193]] stall on May 10, 1662 [1194], but his inscription is on the wall of the north aisle.

[1195] who, about a year after, fell in love with a lifeguardman that I know, whom she had maried (aetat. 23), had not cruel death quench't that amorous flame.
[1195] who, about a year later, fell in love with a lifeguard that I know, whom she married (at age 23), if cruel death hadn't extinguished that passionate love.

Il port 'sable, 3 horse-heads erased argent.'
Il port 'sable, 3 horse-heads erased argent.'

Nicholas Hill (1570?-1610).

[1196]Mr. Nicholas Hill:—This Nicholas Hill was one of the most learned men of his time: a great mathematician and philosopher and traveller, and a poet [1197]. His writings had the usuall fate of those not printed in the author's life-time. He was so eminent for knowledge, that he was the favourite of ...[LXXXVIII.] the great earle of Oxford, who had him to accompanie him in his travells (he was his steward), which were so splendid and sumptuous, that he kept at Florence a greater court then the Great Duke. This earle spent in that ... of travelling, the inheritance of ten or twelve thousand pounds per annum.
[1196]Mr. Nicholas Hill:—Nicholas Hill was one of the most educated individuals of his time: a brilliant mathematician, philosopher, traveler, and poet [1197]. His writings suffered the usual fate of those not published during the author's lifetime. He was so well-regarded for his knowledge that he became the favorite of ...[LXXXVIII.] the great earl of Oxford, who had him accompany him on his travels (he served as his steward). These travels were so extravagant and lavish that he hosted a more impressive court in Florence than the Great Duke. This earl spent the equivalent of ten or twelve thousand pounds a year from his inheritance on these travels.

[LXXXVIII.] 'Twas that earle of Oxford that lett the f— before queen Elizabeth: wherupon he travelled. Vide Stowe de hoc, in Elizabeth about the end.
[LXXXVIII.] It was the Earl of Oxford who let the f— before Queen Elizabeth; after that, he traveled. See Stowe on this, in Elizabeth towards the end.

Old Serjeant Hoskins (the poet, grandfather to this Sir John Hoskins, baronet, my hon^d friend) knew him (was [1198] well acquainted with him), by which meanes I have this tradicion which otherwise had been lost; as also his very name, but only for these verses [FE] in Ben Johnson's 2d volumine, viz.:—
Old Serjeant Hoskins (the poet and grandfather of this Sir John Hoskins, baronet, my honored friend) knew him well, which is how I have this tradition that would have otherwise been lost; along with his very name, except for these verses in Ben Johnson's second volume, namely:—

[Pg 320]
[Pg 320]

I fancy that his picture, i.e. head, is at the end of the Long Gallery of Pictures at Wilton [LXXXIX.], which is the most philosophicall aspect that I have seen, very much of Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury, but rather more antique. 'Tis pitty that in noblemen's galleries, the names are not writt on, or behind, the pictures.
I think that his portrait, meaning his head, is at the end of the Long Gallery of Pictures at Wilton [LXXXIX.], which has the most thoughtful look I've seen, quite similar to Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury, but a bit more old-fashioned. It's a shame that in noblemen's galleries, the names aren't written on or behind the pictures.

[LXXXIX.] Philip, earl of Montgomery, Lord Chamberleyn, maried the daughter of earle of Oxford, by whom he had his issue.
[LXXXIX.] Philip, Earl of Montgomery, Lord Chamberlain, married , the daughter of Earl of Oxford, and they had children together.

He writt 'Philosophia Epicureo-Democritiana, simpliciter proposita, non edocta': printed at Colen, in 8vo or 12mo: Sir John Hoskins hath it.
He wrote 'Philosophia Epicureo-Democritiana, simply presented, not taught': printed in Cologne, in 8vo or 12mo: Sir John Hoskins has it.

Thomas Henshawe, of Kensington, esq., R. Soc. Soc., hath a treatise of his in manuscript, which he will not print, viz. 'Of the Essence of God, &c. Light.' It is mighty paradoxicall:—That there is a God; What he is, in 10 or 12 articles: Of the Immortality of the Soule, which he does demonstrate παντουσία and ὀντουσία.
Thomas Henshawe, of Kensington, esq., R. Soc. Soc., has a manuscript treatise that he will not publish, titled 'Of the Essence of God, & Light.' It's quite paradoxical: That there is a God; What He is, in 10 or 12 articles: Of the Immortality of the Soul, which he demonstrates παντουσία and ὀντουσία.

[Fabian Philips, the cursiter, remembers him [1199].]
[Fabian Philips, the cursiter, remembers him [1199].]

He was, as appeares by A. Wood's Historie, of St. John's Colledge in Oxford, where he mentions him to be a great Lullianist.
He was, as shown by A. Wood's Historie, from St. John's College in Oxford, where he notes that he was a great Lullianist.

In his travells with his lord, (I forget whither Italy or Germany, but I thinke the former) a poor man begged him to give him a penny. 'A penny!' said Mr. Hill, 'what dost say to ten pound?' 'Ah! ten pound!' (said the beggar) 'that would make a man happy.' N. Hill gave him immediately 10 li. and putt it downe upon account,—'Item, to a beggar ten pounds, to make him happy.'
During his travels with his lord (I can’t recall if it was Italy or Germany, but I think it was the former), a poor man asked him for a penny. “A penny!” said Mr. Hill. “What do you think about ten pounds?” “Ah! Ten pounds!” replied the beggar. “That would make a man happy.” N. Hill immediately gave him 10 li. and noted it down on his account— “Item, to a beggar ten pounds, to make him happy.”

[1200]He printed 'Philosophia Epicurea Democritiana,' dedicated 'filiolo Laurentio.'—There was one Laurence Hill that did belong to the queen's court, that was hangd with [1201] Green and Berry about Sir Edmund-Berry Godfrey. According to age, it might be this man, but we cannot be certain.
[1200]He printed 'Epicurean Philosophy of Democritus,' dedicated 'to little Laurence.'—There was a Laurence Hill who was part of the queen's court, and he was hanged with [1201] Green and Berry regarding Sir Edmund-Berry Godfrey. Given the timeline, it could be him, but we can't be sure.

[1202]Mr. Thomas Henshaw bought of Nicholas Hill's [Pg 321]widow, in Bow lane, some of his bookes; among which is a manuscript de infinitate et aeternitate mundi. He finds by his writings that he was (or leaning) a Roman Catholique. Mr. Henshaw believes he dyed about 1610: he dyed an old man. He flourished in queen Elizabeth's time. I will search the register of Bowe.
[1202]Mr. Thomas Henshaw bought some books from the widow of Nicholas Hill in Bow Lane, including a manuscript titled de infinitate et aeternitate mundi. From his writings, he seems to have been (or was leaning towards) Roman Catholicism. Mr. Henshaw believes he died around 1610, and he passed away as an old man. He was active during Queen Elizabeth's reign. I will check the register of Bow.

[1203]I have searched the register of Bow, ubi non inventus Nicolas Hill.
[1203]I have looked through the records of Bow, where Nicolas Hill was not found.

[1204]Vide tom. 1 of Ben: Johnson's workes, pag. 48, epigram CXXXIV, title 'The famous voyage'....
[1204]See vol. 1 of Ben Johnson's works, page 48, epigram C134, titled 'The famous voyage'....

Here several ghosts did flit,
Around the shore, of ..., but left late;
White, black, blue, green; and in more forms appeared Than all those Atomi absurd Where old Democritus and Nicholas Hill, One said, the other swore, the world exists.

Note.

[FE] Aubrey was most anxious to have these verses inserted, three times directing Anthony Wood to do so. MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 4:—'Past on Nicholas Hill, in his proper place in part 1st' , but no copy of the verses is there given. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7:—'Insert B. Johnson's verses of Nicholas Hill.' MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 351^v: 13 Jan. 1680/1:—'B. Johnson speakes of N. Hill in his "Voyage to Holbourne from Puddle-dock in a ferry boate.
[FE] Aubrey was very eager to have these verses included, asking Anthony Wood to do it three times. MS. Aubr. 8, a note at fol. 4:—'Passed on Nicholas Hill, in its correct spot in part 1st' , but no copy of the verses is provided there. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7:—'Insert B. Johnson's verses about Nicholas Hill.' MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 351^v: 13 Jan. 1680/1:—'B. Johnson talks about N. Hill in his "Voyage to Holbourne from Puddle-dock in a ferry boat.'

There is a dock there called Avernus
". . . . . . . . . . . . . . concern us."'

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679).

supra, pp. 17-20.
supra, pp. 17-20.

The various papers of which the MS. is composed are bound up confusedly, and the separate notes are in some cases entered on a page, or a page and its opposite, in no order. Considerable re-arrangement has therefore been necessary; but the exact MS. references have been given throughout. Some few notes relating to Hobbes, found in other Aubrey MSS., have here been brought into their natural place.>
The various papers that make up the manuscript are stuck together haphazardly, and in some cases, the separate notes are written on one page or the opposite page without any order. A significant amount of reorganization has been necessary; however, the exact manuscript references have been provided throughout. A few notes related to Hobbes, found in other Aubrey manuscripts, have been placed here in their appropriate spots.

[Pg 322]
[Pg 322]

[1205]The Life of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesburie [1206].
[1205]The Life of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesbury [1206].

<Introduction.>

The writers [1207] of the lives of the ancient philosophers used to, in the first place, to speake of their lineage [1208]; and they tell us that in processe of time severall great [1209] families accounted it their glory to be branched [1210] from such or such a Sapiens.
The writers [1207] who chronicled the lives of ancient philosophers would typically start by discussing their lineage [1208]; and they tell us that over time, several prominent [1209] families took pride in being descended [1210] from particular Sapiens.

Why now should that method be omitted in this Historiola of our Malmesbury philosopher? Who though but [1211] of plebeian descent [1212], his renowne haz and will give brightnesse to his name and familie, which hereafter may arise glorious and flourish in riches and may justly take it an honour to be of kin to this worthy person, so famous, for his learning [1213], both at home and abroad.
Why should we exclude that method in this Historiola about our philosopher from Malmesbury? Who, even though he comes from a humble background, will bring honor and recognition to his name and family, which may someday prosper and thrive in wealth? It’s only right to see it as an honor to be related to this remarkable individual, renowned for his knowledge both at home and overseas.

<Pedigree.>

[1214]... Hobbes, m. ... | +---------+----------+ | | 1. Francis Hobbes, 2. Thomas Hobbes, m. ... Middleton, of Brokenborough died without children. vicar of Westport. | (see Camden [1215]). | +----------------------------+-----+--------------------+ | | | 1. Edmund Hobbes, m. ... 2. Thomas Hobbes, ..., a daughter, m. ... | philosopher, died | unmarried Dec. 4, 1679. | +--------------+--------------+------------------------+ | | | 1. Mary, m. ... Tirell. 2. Eleanor, m. ... Harding. Francis m. ... | | Hobbes, | | +------------------------+-----------------------+--+---+------+ | | | | | 1. Thomas, a clothier, 2. . As a child about 23, 1679. his talent lies in drawing. He can engrave and somewhat resembles the philosopher. I have a lion from his engraving.

This heraldique way of expressing a genealogie is most intelligible and makes the best impresse in the memory or [Pg 323]fancy; but [1216] will it not be thought here to pompous and affected by his enemies and the nation of critiques? Prescribe Trebate.
This heraldic way of expressing genealogy is very understandable and leaves a strong impression in memory or imagination; but will it not be seen as pompous and affected by his critics and enemies? Prescribe Trebate.

My brother [1217] W. A. will set all this right [FF].
My brother [1217] W. A. will make everything okay [FF].

<His father.>

[1218]Thomas Hobbes [FG], then, whose life I write, was second son of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, vicar of Westport juxta Malmesbury, who maried ... Middleton of Brokinborough (a yeomanly family).[1219]He was also vicar of Charlton (a mile hence): they are annexed, and are both worth 60 or 80li. per annum.—[1220]Memorandum, Brokenborough also is appendant to Charlton vicaridge—160li. per annum—from Philip Laurence, whose father-in-law was vicar. [[1221]The vicaridge of Malmesbury is but XX nobles per annum = 6li. 13s. 4d.; but Coston and Radbourne belongs to it, which addition is equal to 50 or 60li. per annum.]
[1218]Thomas Hobbes [FG], whose life I am writing about, was the second son of Mr. Thomas Hobbes, who was the vicar of Westport near Malmesbury. He married ... Middleton from Brokinborough (a yeoman family).[1219]He was also the vicar of Charlton (about a mile away): these places are combined, and both bring in £60 or £80 a year.—[1220]Note that Brokenborough is also associated with the Charlton vicarage—£160 a year—from Philip Laurence, whose father-in-law was the vicar. [[1221]The vicarage of Malmesbury earns only 20 nobles a year, which is £6.13.4; however, Coston and Radbourne are part of it, adding roughly £50 or £60 a year.]

[1222]Thomas, the father [1223], was one of the ignorant 'Sir Johns [1224]' of queen Elizabeth's time; could [1225] only read the prayers of the church and the homilies; and disesteemed [1226] learning (his son Edmund told me so), as not knowing the sweetnes of it.
[1222]Thomas, the father [1223], was one of the uninformed 'Sir Johns [1224]' of Queen Elizabeth's era; he could [1225] only read the church prayers and the homilies; and he looked down on [1226] education (his son Edmund told me this), not understanding its value.

[1227]As to his father's ignorance and clownery, 'twas as good metall in the oare which wants excoriating and refineing. A witt requires much cultivation, much paines, and art and good conversation to perfect a man.
[1227]Regarding his father's lack of knowledge and foolishness, it was like raw material that needs to be processed and refined. Wit requires a lot of nurturing, effort, skill, and good conversation to develop a person.

<His father's brother.>

[1228]He [1229] had an elder brother [FH] whose name was [Pg 324]Francis, a wealthy man, and had been alderman [XC.] of the borough; by profession a glover [XCI.], which is a great trade here [XCII.], and in times past much greater. Having no [1230]child, he contributed much to, or rather altogether maintained, his nephew Thomas at Magdalen hall in Oxon; and when he dyed gave him an agellum (a moweing-ground [1231]) called the Gasten-ground, lyeing neer to the horse-faire, worth 16 or 18 poundes per annum; the rest of his landes he gave to his nephew Edmund.
[1228]He [1229] had an older brother [FH] named Francis, who was wealthy and had served as an alderman [XC.] of the borough. He worked as a glover [XCI.], which is a significant trade around here [XCII.], and was even more prosperous in the past. Since he had no children, he greatly supported—if not entirely funded—his nephew Thomas's education at Magdalen Hall in Oxford. Upon his death, he left Thomas an agellum (a mowing-ground [1231]) called the Gasten-ground, located near the horse fair, valued at 16 or 18 pounds a year; the rest of his lands he bequeathed to his nephew Edmund.

[XC.] 'Alderman' is the title of the chiefe magistrate here. Alderman and
...; vide;
quaere Sir J Long.
[XC.] 'Alderman' is the title of the chief magistrate here. Alderman and
...; view;
ask Sir J Long.

[XCI.] Shall I expresse or conceale this (glover)? The philosopher would acknowledge it.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.
[XCI.] Should I express or hide this (glover)? The philosopher would agree with it.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.

[XCII.] Malmesbury famous for good gloves.
[XCII.] Malmesbury is known for its quality gloves.

[1232]At Sherston about 3 miles hence (vide map) are groundes likewise called the Gasten-grounds—perhaps 'tis Garston grounds. At Sherston was heretofore a castle, and perhaps (and quaere) if these grounds are not where the vallum or bulwarkes might be drawne. Gaer, Britannicè, signifies some such thing, vide Dr. Davys' British Dictionary.
[1232]About 3 miles away from Sherston (see map) are areas also known as the Gasten-grounds—maybe they're actually the Garston grounds. There used to be a castle in Sherston, and it's possible (and worth asking) whether these grounds could be where the wall or fortifications were located. The term Gaer in British means something like that, according to Dr. Davys' British Dictionary.

In Hexham's Dutch dictionary Gast signifies 'a guest'; so that Gasten-ground will be 'the ground for the guests'; probably to putt the horses of the guests (that came to lye at the abbey) to grasse. They speake broad in our countrey, and do pronounce guest, gast, etc. Monasterys had their guest-halls; and it should seeme they had likewise their guest-grounds for the strangers' horses: as here.
In Hexham's Dutch dictionary, Gast means 'a guest'; so Gasten-ground translates to 'the ground for the guests'; likely meant for putting the guests' horses (that came to stay at the abbey) to graze. They speak openly in our country, and pronounce guest as gast, etc. Monasteries had their guest-halls; and it seems they also had their guest-grounds for the strangers' horses, just like here.

<His brother and sister.>

[1233]Thomas, the vicar of Westport, maried ... Middleton [FI] of Brokenborough [XCIII.] (of a yeomanly family), by whom he had two sonnes and one daughter (quaere my brother William Aubrey)—Edmund, his eldest (was bred-up to [1234] his uncle's profession of a glover); and Thomas (philosopher), second son, whose [Pg 325]life I now write. Edmund was neer [1235] two yeares elder then his brother Thomas, and something resembled him in aspect [1236], not so tall, but fell much short of him in his intellect, though he was a good plain understanding countrey-man [1237]. He had been bred at schoole with his brother; could have made theme, and verse, and understood a little Greek to his dyeing day. He dyed (quaere William Aubrey) about 13 yeares since, aetat. circiter 80.
[1233]Thomas, the vicar of Westport, married ... Middleton [FI] of Brokenborough [XCIII.] (from a farming family), and they had two sons and one daughter (ask my brother William Aubrey)—Edmund, the oldest (who was groomed for [1234] his uncle's profession as a glover); and Thomas (the philosopher), the second son, whose [Pg 325]life I am now writing about. Edmund was nearly [1235] two years older than his brother Thomas, and he resembled him in appearance [1236], though he was not as tall and lacked his brother's intellect, despite being a sensible and straightforward countryman [1237]. He had been educated at school with his brother; he could write prose and verse, and he understood a bit of Greek until his dying day. He passed away (ask William Aubrey) about 13 years ago, at around 80 years old.

[XCIII.] Brokenbrig: vide Camden.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.
[XCIII.] Brokenbrig: see Camden.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.

<His nephews and nieces.>

This Edmund had only one son named Francis, and two daughters maried to countreymen (renters) in the neighborhood. This Francis pretty well resembled his uncle Thomas, especially about the eie; and probably had he had good education might have been ingeniose; but he drowned his witt [1238] in ale [XCIV.]. He was left by his father and uncle Thomas, 80 li. (quaere W. A.) or better per annum, but he was an ill husband. He dyed about two yeares after his father, and left five children.—His eldest son is Thomas, a clothier, now about 23, living at [XCV.] ... (quaere W. A.[1239]). The second, , lives at ...[XCVI.], and has some lines of Thomas the philosopher. When he was a child [1240], his genius inclined him to ([1241]quaere W. A.) draweing [1242] and engraving in copper. He is now about 21.
This Edmund had only one son named Francis and two daughters married to local farmers in the area. Francis closely resembled his uncle Thomas, especially around the eyes; and probably, if he had received a good education, he would have been clever. However, he wasted his talent in ale. He inherited about £80 or more per year from his father and uncle Thomas, but he was a poor manager. He died about two years after his father, leaving five children. His eldest son is Thomas, a clothier, now around 23, living at ... The second, Edmund, lives at ... and has some writings of Thomas the philosopher. As a child, he showed a talent for drawing and copper engraving. He is now about 21.

[XCIV.] This part much given to drunkennes.
[XCIV.] This section is very focused on drunkenness.

[XCV.] He did live at Tedbury.
He lived in Tedbury.

[XCVI.] Did live at Chippenham.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ lived at Chippenham.

<Description of Malmsbury.>

supra, p. 19) Aubrey thought of beginning the life of Hobbes with an account of Malmsbury.
supra, p. 19) Aubrey planned to start the biography of Hobbes with a description of Malmsbury.

For this purpose in MS. Aubr. 9 he has drawn three plans [1243]:—
For this purpose in MS. Aubr. 9, he has created three plans [1243]:—

(a) plan of environs of Malmsbury (a slip at fol. 31^v).
(a) plan of the area around Malmsbury (a slip at fol. 31^v).
[Pg 326]
(b) plan of Malmsbury (fol. 31^v).
(b) plan of Malmsbury (fol. 31^v).

(c) a drawing of the house in which Hobbes was born (fol. 31^v). These are reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.
(c) a drawing of the house where Hobbes was born (fol. 31^v). These are reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.

He gives there (fol. 31^v) these dimensions of the town:—'From St. John's Bridge to the abbey is about a quarter of a mile; and from the same bridge to Westport church is neer about a mile. Height of the borough from the levill belowe is about 100 foot high.'
He provides the town's dimensions there (fol. 31^v): 'From St. John's Bridge to the abbey is about a quarter of a mile; and from the same bridge to Westport church is nearly a mile. The height of the borough from the level below is about 100 feet high.'

The references on the plan of Malmsbury (see the facsimile) are:—
The references in the Malmsbury plan (see the facsimile) are:—

'α = the house of his birth.

ω = Westport church.

W = the West port (olim).

β = the smyth's shop.

δ = the private house where Mr. Latimer taught him.

ξ = Three Tunnes (as I take it), opposite to the smyth's shop.

= the religious dedicated to Our Lady: the chapell is yet standing.

H = house at the upper faces the Horse fayre.

= quaere if not a chapell here?'

On fol. 31^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey has these remarks about these plans, etc.:—
On fol. 31^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey has these comments about these plans, etc.:—

'If these notes are not now inserted, probably they will be lost: or should it not be a marginall commentary?'
'If these notes aren't included now, they'll probably be lost: or should it be a margin commentary?'

'I have drawne this rude sketch meerly for your clearer understanding, not that I think it worth while to grave it for 'tis at randome. I intended if it had pleased God that I had prospered in the world to have had taken an exact map [1244] of Malmesbury.'
'I have made this rough sketch just to help you understand better, not because I think it's worth engraving since it’s random. I planned, if it pleased God for me to succeed in life, to create an exact map [1244] of Malmesbury.'

'Whitechurch, about a mile ferè off:—quaere ubi stat?' 'Vide Speed's mappe in Wiltshire.'
'Whitechurch, about a mile away:—where is it located?' 'See Speed's map of Wiltshire.'

'Burnevall, quasi Bournevall.'>
'Burnevall, like Bournevall.'

<Description of Westport.>

[1245]Westport [FJ] is the parish without the west-gate (which is now demolished), which gate stood on the neck of land that joines Malmesbury (vide verses [FK]) to Westport. Here [FL] was, before the late warres, a very pretty church, consisting of 3 aisles, or rather a nave and two aisles (which tooke up the whole area [1246]), dedicated to St. Mary; and [Pg 327]a fair spire-steeple, with five tuneable bells, which, when the towne was taken (about 1644; quaere William Aubrey) by Sir W. Waller, were converted [1247] into ordinance, and the church pulled-downe to the ground, that the enemie might not shelter themselves against the garrison. The steeple was higher then that now standing in the borough, which much added to [1248] the prospect. The windowes were well painted, and in them were inscriptions that declared much antiquitie; now is here rebuilt a church like a stable.
[1245]Westport [FJ] is the parish without the west gate (which is now gone), located on the strip of land that connects Malmesbury (see verses [FK]) to Westport. Before the recent wars, there was a lovely church here, consisting of three aisles, or actually a nave and two aisles (which occupied the entire area [1246]), dedicated to St. Mary. It had a beautiful spire with five melodic bells. When the town was captured (around 1644; see William Aubrey) by Sir W. Waller, these bells were repurposed [1247] for ammunition, and the church was demolished to prevent the enemy from taking cover against the garrison. The steeple was taller than the one currently in the borough, which greatly enhanced [1248] the view. The windows were beautifully painted, featuring inscriptions that reflected a great history; now, a church resembling a barn has been rebuilt here.

<Place and date of his birth.>

Thomas Hobbes, Malmesburiensis, Philosophus, was borne at his father's house in Westport, being that extreme howse that pointes into, or [1249] faces, the Horse-fayre; the farthest howse on the left hand as you goe to Tedbury, leaving the church on your right. To prevent mistakes, and that hereafter may rise no doubt [1250] what house was famous for this famous man's birth; I doe here testifie that in April, 1659, his brother Edmond went with me into this house, and into the chamber where he was borne. Now things begin to be antiquated, and I have heard some guesse it might be at the howse where his brother Edmund lived and dyed. But this is so, as I here [1251] deliver it. This house was given by Thomas, the vicar, to his daughter [XCVII.] ... whose daughter or granddaughter possessed [1252] it, when I was there.[1253]It is a firme house, stone-built and tiled, of one roome (besides [1254] a buttery, or the like, within) below, and two chambers above. 'Twas in the innermost where he first drew breath.
Thomas Hobbes, from Malmesbury, was born at his father's house in Westport, which is the furthest house that points towards the horse fair; it’s the last house on the left as you head to Tetbury, with the church on your right. To avoid confusion and to clarify any doubts in the future about which house is famous for this renowned man's birth, I want to state that in April 1659, his brother Edmund accompanied me to this house and to the room where he was born. Now, as time passes, some have speculated it could have been the house where his brother Edmund lived and died. But this is the accurate account as I present it. This house was given by Thomas, the vicar, to his daughter... whose daughter or granddaughter owned it when I visited. It is a solid house, built of stone and tiled, consisting of one room (besides a buttery or similar space inside) below, and two rooms above. It was in the innermost room where he first took breath.

[XCVII.] Quaere William Aubrey if ... Potluck [1255].
[XCVII.] Question William Aubrey if ... Potluck [1255].

The day of his birth was April the fifth, Anno Domini 1588, on a Fryday morning, which that yeare was Good Fryday. His mother fell in labour with him upon the fright of the invasion of the Spaniards—
The day he was born was April 5, 1588, on a Friday morning, which that year was Good Friday. His mother went into labor with him at the scare of the Spanish invasion—

[Pg 328]
[Pg 328]
[__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Fama__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ was spreading, and it scattered through our towns. The day will come for the greatest class; Then my mother only felt fear. She gave birth to twins, filling me with both fear and joy.

—[1258]he told me himself between the houres of four and six: but by rectification his nativity is found to be at ...[XCVIII.].
—[1258]he told me himself between the hours of four and six: but by rectification his birth chart is found to be at ...[XCVIII.].

[XCVIII.] See my collection of genitures [FM], where I have it more exact from his owne mouth, viz. 5 h. 2´ mane.
[XCVIII.] Check out my collection of birth charts [FM], where I have it more accurately from his own words, specifically 5 hours 2 minutes.

His horoscope [FN] is Taurus, having in it a satellitium of 5 of the 7 planets. It is a maxime in astrologie—vide Ptol. Centil.—that a native that hath a satellitium in his ascendent becomes [1259] more eminent in his life then ordinary [1260], e.g. divers which see in Origanus, etc., and Oliver Cromwell had so, etc.
His horoscope [FN] is Taurus, with a satellitium of 5 out of the 7 planets. It is a well-known fact in astrology—see Ptol. Centil.—that a person with a satellitium in their ascendant becomes [1259] more prominent in life than usual [1260], for example, several people noted in Origanus, and Oliver Cromwell had this too, etc.

<His school and college life.>

At four yeares old [FO] he went to schoole in Westport church, till eight; by that time [1261] he could read well, and number four figures. Afterwards he went to schoole to Malmesbury, to Mr. Evans, the minister of the towne; and afterwards to Mr. Robert Latimer, a young man of about nineteen or twenty, newly come from the University, who then kept a private schoole in Westport, where the broad place (quaere nomen) is, next dore north from the smyth's shop, opposite to the Three Cuppes [1262] (as I take it). He was a batchelour and delighted in his scholar, T. H.'s company, and used to instruct him, and two or three ingeniose youths more, in the evening till nine a clock. Here T. H. so well profited in his learning, that at fourteen yeares of age, he went away a good schoole-scholar to Magdalen-hall, in Oxford. It is not to be forgotten, that before he went to the University, he had turned Euripidis [Pg 329]Medea [1263] out of Greeke into Latin Iambiques, which he presented to his master. Mr. H. told me that he would faine have had them, to have seen how he did grow in.... Twenty odde [1264] yeares agoe I searcht all old Mr. Latimer's papers, but could not find them; the [1265] good huswives had sacrificed them.
At four years old [FO] he started school in Westport church, until he was eight; by then [1261] he could read well and do four-digit math. After that, he went to school in Malmesbury, to Mr. Evans, the town's minister; and later to Mr. Robert Latimer, a young man about nineteen or twenty who had just come from the University and was running a private school in Westport, where the broad place (name to be determined) is, right next door north from the blacksmith's shop, across from the Three Cups [1262] (as I recall). He was a bachelor who enjoyed T. H.'s company and would teach him, along with two or three other bright youths, in the evenings until nine o'clock. Here T. H. learned so well that by the age of fourteen, he left as a good student for Magdalen Hall in Oxford. It's worth noting that before he went to the University, he had translated Euripides' Medea [1263] from Greek into Latin iambics, which he presented to his teacher. Mr. H. told me that he would have liked to keep them to see how T. H. progressed.... Twenty-some [1264] years ago, I searched all of Mr. Latimer's old papers but couldn't find them; the [1265] good housewives had disposed of them.

I have heard his brother Edmund and Mr. Wayte (his schoolefellowe) say that when he was a boy he was playsome enough, but withall he had even then a contemplative melancholinesse; he would gett him into a corner, and learne his lesson by heart presently. His haire was black, and his schoolfellows [1266] were wont to call him 'Crowe.'
I heard his brother Edmund and Mr. Wayte (his schoolmate) say that when he was a boy, he was playful enough, but he also had a thoughtful sadness even then; he would go into a corner and quickly memorize his lessons. His hair was black, and his classmates [1266] used to call him 'Crow.'

This Mr. Latimer was a good Graecian, and the first that came into our parts hereabout since the Reformation. He was afterwards minister of Malmesbury, and from thence preferred to a better living of 100 li. per annum, or +, at Leigh-de-la-mere within this hundred.
This Mr. Latimer was a skilled Greek scholar, and the first to come to our area since the Reformation. He later became the minister of Malmesbury, and from there he was promoted to a better position earning 100 li. a year, or more, at Leigh-de-la-Mere within this hundred.

At Oxford Mr. T. H. used, in the summer time especially, to rise very early in the morning, and would tye the leaden-counters (which they used in those dayes at Christmas, at post and payre) with pacthreds [1267], which he did besmere with [1268] birdlime, and bayte them with parings of cheese, and the jack-dawes would spye them a vast distance up in the aire [XCIX.] and as far as Osney-abbey, and strike at the bayte, and so be harled in the string, which the wayte of the counter would make cling about ther wings. He did not much care for logick, yet he learnd it, and thought himselfe a good disputant. He tooke great delight there to goe to the [1269] booke-binders' shops, and lye gaping on mappes, of which he takes notice in his life written by himselfe in verse:
At Oxford, Mr. T. H. would often wake up very early in the summer, and he would tie the leaden counters (which they used at Christmas for post and pair) with patch cords [1267], which he smeared with [1268] birdlime, and bait them with cheese scraps. The jackdaws would spot them from far away in the air [XCIX.] and as far as Osney Abbey, swooping down for the bait, and get tangled in the string, which the weight of the counter would cause to cling to their wings. He wasn’t really into logic, but he learned it and thought he was a good debater. He really enjoyed visiting the [1269] bookbinders' shops and staring at maps, which he mentions in his life story written in verse:

[XCIX.] This story he happened to tell me, discoursing of the Optiques, to instance such sharpnes of sight in so little an eie.
[99.] This story he told me while discussing the Optics, to demonstrate such sharpness of vision in such a small eye.

[Pg 330]
[Pg 330]
So I turn more towards pleasant things and flip through books, Before I learned from them, I wasn't well educated.[1270]
They fed their minds with writings mimicking the world,
Seeing the face of the earth and the painted stars,
I was rejoicing alone, coming to see everything. Terricolis justos quem hace arte días; etc.

[1271]Quaere A W what moneth and day he was matriculated?
[1271]Ask Anthony Wood what month and day he was enrolled?

[He [1272] came [1273] to Magdalen hall in the beginning of an. 1603, at what time, Dr. James Hussee, LL.D., was principall. This James Hussee was afterwards knighted by king James and was made Chancellour of Sarum. This Dr. Hussee was a great encourager of towardly youths. But he resigning his principallity about 1605, Mr. John Wilkinson succeeded him: so that Mr. Hobs was under the government of two principalls.[FP]—Thomas Hobs was admitted to the reading of any book of logic ('ad [1274] lectionem cujuslibet libri logices'), that is, he was admitted to the degree of Bachelaur of Arts, 5 Feb., 1607 [1275], and in the Lent that then began did determine [1276], that is, did his exercise for the completion of that degree. Vide Hist. Oxon., lib. 2, pag. 376 a.]
[He [1272] arrived [1273] at Magdalen Hall at the start of 1603, when Dr. James Hussee, LL.D., was the principal. This James Hussee was later knighted by King James and made Chancellor of Sarum. Dr. Hussee was a strong supporter of promising students. However, after he resigned as principal around 1605, Mr. John Wilkinson took over: hence, Mr. Hobs was under the leadership of two principals.[FP]—Thomas Hobs was allowed to read any book on logic ('ad [1274] lectionem cujuslibet libri logices'), which means he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts on February 5, 1607 [1275], and in the Lent that followed, he completed his exercises for that degree.[1276] See Hist. Oxon., lib. 2, pag. 376 a.]

<Enters the earl of Devonshire's service.>

[1277]After he had taken his batchelor of Arts degree (quaere A. Wood de hoc), the than principall of Magdalen-hall (Sir James Hussey [1278]) recommended him to his yong lord when he left Oxon, who had a conceit [1279] that he should profitt more in his learning if he had a scholar of his owne age to wayte on him then if he had the information of a grave doctor. He was his lordship's page, and rode [Pg 331]a hunting and hawking with him, and kept his privy-purse.
[1277]After earning his Bachelor of Arts degree (see A. Wood on this), the former principal of Magdalen Hall (Sir James Hussey [1278]) recommended him to his young lord when he left Oxford, who believed [1279] that he would learn more effectively with a scholar his own age to attend to him rather than relying on the input of an older doctor. He became his lordship's page, accompanied him on hunting and hawking trips, and managed his private finances.

By this way of life he had almost forgott his Latin; vide Latin verses. He therefore [1280] bought him bookes of an Amsterdam print that he might carry in his pocket (particularly Caesar's Commentarys), which he did read in the lobbey, or ante-chamber, whilest his lord was making his visits.
By living this way, he had almost forgotten his Latin; see Latin verses. So, he bought books from an Amsterdam publisher that he could carry in his pocket (especially Caesar's Commentaries), which he read in the lobby or waiting room while his lord was making his visits.

<Is servant to Francis Bacon.>

The Lord Chancellour Bacon loved to converse [C.] with him. He assisted his lordship in translating severall of his Essayes into Latin, one, I well remember, is [1281] that Of the Greatnes of Cities: the rest I have forgott. His lordship was a very contemplative person, and was wont to contemplate in his delicious walkes at Gorambery [FQ], and dictate to Mr. Thomas Bushell, or some other of his gentlemen, that attended him with inke and paper ready to sett downe presently his thoughts. His lordship would often say that he better liked Mr. Hobbes's taking his thoughts [1282], then any of the other, because he understood what he wrote, which the others not understanding, my Lord [1283] would many times have a hard taske to make sense of what they writt.
The Lord Chancellor Bacon enjoyed talking [C.] with him. He helped his lordship translate several of his Essays into Latin, and I remember one is [1281] titled Of the Greatness of Cities; I’ve forgotten the rest. His lordship was a very thoughtful person and liked to reflect during his pleasant walks at Gorambery [FQ], dictating his thoughts to Mr. Thomas Bushell or another one of his attendants, who had ink and paper ready to jot down his ideas immediately. His lordship often mentioned that he preferred Mr. Hobbes’s way of recording his thoughts [1282] over the others because he understood what Hobbes wrote, whereas the others often wrote in a way that left my Lord [1283] struggling to make sense of their work.

[C.] This, I beleeve, was after his first lord's death [1284].
[C.] I believe this was after his first lord died [1284].

It is to be remembred that about these times, Mr. T. H. was much addicted to musique, and practised on the base-violl.
It should be noted that around this time, Mr. T. H. was really into music and practiced on the bass viola.

<Visits his native county, Wiltshire.>

1634: this summer—I remember 'twas in venison season [1285] (July or August)—Mr. T. H. came into his native country [1286] to visitt his friends, and amongst others he came [Pg 332]then to see his old school-master, Mr. Robert Latimer [CI.], at Leigh-de-la-mer, where I was then at schoole [CII.] in the church [1287], newly entred into my grammar by him. Here was the first place and time that ever I had the honour to see this worthy, learned man, who was then pleased to take notice of me, and the next day visited [1288] my relations [1289]. He was then a proper man, briske, and in very good habit [1290]. His hayre was then quite black [1291]. He stayed at Malmsbury and in the neighborhood a weeke or better. 'Twas the last time that ever he was in Wiltshire.
1634: that summer—I remember it was during venison season [1285] (July or August)—Mr. T. H. returned to his hometown [1286] to visit his friends, and among them, he came to see his old schoolmaster, Mr. Robert Latimer [CI.], at Leigh-de-la-mer, where I was attending school [CII.] in the church [1287], having just started my grammar studies with him. This was the first time and place I had the honor of meeting this distinguished, learned man, who kindly acknowledged me, and the next day he visited [1288] my relatives [1289]. He was a handsome man, lively, and in great shape [1290]. His hair was completely black [1291]. He stayed in Malmsbury and the surrounding area for about a week or more. It was the last time he was ever in Wiltshire.

[CI.] Robert Latimer obiit November 2, 1634; sed hoc nihil ad rhombum.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35^v.
[CI.] Robert Latimer died November 2, 1634; but this has nothing to do with the issue.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35^v.

[CII.] I had then a fine little horse and commonly rode—(but this is impertinent)—i.e. I was not a vulgar boy and carried not a satchell at my back.—Sed hoc inter nos.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31.
[CII.] Back then, I had a nice little horse and usually rode—(but that's not really relevant)—I wasn’t an ordinary boy and didn’t carry a satchel on my back.—But that's just between us.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31.

[1292]His conversation about those times was much about Ben: Jonson, Mr. Ayton, etc.
[1292]His talks about those times were mainly about Ben Jonson, Mr. Ayton, and others.

<His mathematical studies.>

[1293]He was (vide his life) 40 yeares [1294] old before he looked on geometry; which happened accidentally. Being in a gentleman's library in ..., Euclid's Elements lay open, and 'twas the 47 El.[1295] libri I. He read the proposition. By [CIII.] G—,' sayd he, 'this is impossible!' So he reads the demonstration of it, which referred him back to such a proposition; which proposition he read. That referred him back to another, which he also read. Et sic deinceps, that at last he was demonstratively convinced of that trueth. This made him in love with geometry.
[1293]He was (see his life) 40 years [1294] old before he looked at geometry; which happened by chance. While in a gentleman's library in ..., Euclid's Elements was open, and it was the 47th proposition from [1295] Book I. He read the proposition. By [CIII.] G—, he said, "this is impossible!" So he read the proof of it, which referred him back to another proposition; which he read. That led him back to another, which he also read. And so on, until he was finally convinced of that truth. This made him fall in love with geometry.

[CIII.] He would now and then sweare, by way of emphasis [1296].
[CIII.] He would occasionally swear, just to make a point [1296].

I have heard Sir Jonas Moore (and others [FR]) say that 'twas a great pity he had not began the study of [Pg 333]the mathematics sooner, for such a working head [1297] would have made great advancement in it. So had he donne [1298], he would not have layn so open to his learned mathematicall antagonists [1299]. But one may say of him, as one (quaere who) sayes of Jos. Scaliger, that where he erres, he erres so ingeniosely, that one had rather erre with him then hitt the mark [1300] with Clavius. I have heard Mr. Hobbes say [1301] that he was wont to draw lines [1302] on his thigh and on the sheetes, abed, and [1303] also multiply and divide. He would often complain that algebra [CIV.] (though of great use) was too much admired, and so followed after, that it made men not contemplate and consider so much the nature and power of lines, which was a great hinderance to the groweth of geometrie; for that though algebra did rarely well and quickly, and easily in right lines, yet 'twould not bite in solid (I thinke) geometrie. Quod N.B.
I've heard Sir Jonas Moore (and others [FR]) say that it was a great pity he hadn't started studying mathematics sooner, because someone with such a sharp mind [1297] would have made significant progress in it. Had he done so [1298], he wouldn't have been so vulnerable to his knowledgeable mathematical opponents [1299]. But you could say of him what someone (I wonder who) says of Jos. Scaliger: that when he makes mistakes, he does so so cleverly that one would rather err with him than hit the mark [1300] with Clavius. I've heard Mr. Hobbes say [1301] that he used to draw lines [1302] on his thigh and on the sheets while in bed, and [1303] he would also multiply and divide. He often complained that algebra [CIV.] (though highly useful) was too much admired, which led people to focus less on the nature and power of lines, ultimately hindering the growth of geometry. For while algebra worked quite well and quickly with straight lines, it wouldn't hold up in solid geometry, I think. Quod N.B.

[CIV.] Vide de hoc in his De corpore, and also in his 5 Dialogue. Quaere Dr. Blackburne:—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36.
[CIV.] See this in his De corpore, and also in his 5th Dialogue. Ask Dr. Blackburne:—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36.

[1304]Memorandum—After he began to reflect on [1305] the interest of the king of England as touching his affaires between him and the parliament, for ten yeares together his thoughts were much, or almost altogether, unhinged from the mathematiques; but chiefly intent on his De Cive, and after that on his Leviathan: which was a great putt-back to his mathematicall improvement [1306]—quod N.B.—for in ten yeares' (or better) discontinuance of that study (especially) one's mathematiques will become very rusty [1307].
[1304]Memorandum—After he started considering [1305] the king of England's interests regarding his affairs with the parliament, for ten years straight his thoughts were mostly, if not entirely, diverted from mathematics; instead, he focused heavily on his De Cive, and later on his Leviathan: which significantly hindered his progress in mathematics [1306]—quod N.B.—because after ten years (or more) of stopping that study, especially in mathematics, one’s skills will get quite rusty [1307].

<Champions the king's cause against the parliament.>

[1308]Vide Mr. Hobbes considered, p. 4: printed London 1662 (since reprinted, 1680, by William Crooke):—
[1308]See Mr. Hobbes considered, p. 4: printed in London 1662 (since reprinted, 1680, by William Crooke):—

1640: 'when the parliament sate that began in April 1640 and was dissolved in May following, and in which [Pg 334]many pointes of the regall power, which were necessary for the peace of the kingdome and safety of his majestye's person, were disputed [1309] and denyed, Mr. Hobbes wrote a little treatise in English, wherin he did sett-forth and demonstrate, that the sayd power and rights were inseperably annexed to the soveraignty, which soveraignty they did not then deny to be in the king; but it seemes understood not, or would not understand, that inseperability. Of this treatise, though not printed, many gentlemen had copies, which occasioned much talke of the author; and had not his majestie dissolved the parliament, it had brought him in danger of his life.'
1640: 'when the parliament met that started in April 1640 and was dissolved the following May, where many aspects of royal power, necessary for the kingdom's peace and the safety of the king's person, were debated and denied, Mr. Hobbes wrote a short treatise in English, in which he outlined and demonstrated that the said power and rights were inseparably linked to the sovereignty, which they did not deny belonged to the king; however, it seems they did not understand, or chose not to understand, that inseparability. Though this treatise was not printed, many gentlemen had copies, which led to much discussion about the author; and if his majesty had not dissolved the parliament, it could have put his life in danger.'

[1310]Vide Mr. Hobbes considered, if more may not be inserted, scilicet as to the politiques. Sed cave—
[1310]See Mr. Hobbes considered, if more can be added, specifically regarding the political matters. But be careful—

Fire incidents Suppositories for deceptive ashes.

Horatius ad Asin. Pollionem, ode 1, lib. 2.

Horatius to Asinius Pollio, ode 1, book 2.

Memorandum the parliament was then sitting and runne violently against the king's prerogative.
Memorandum the parliament was then in session and strongly opposed the king's power.

[1311]Memorandum he told me that bp. Manwaring [1312] (of St. David's) preach'd his doctrine; for which, among others, he was sent prisoner to the Tower. Then thought Mr. Hobbes, 'tis time now for me to shift for my selfe, and so withdrew [1313] into France, and resided [1314] at Paris. As I remember, there were others [1315] likewise did preach his doctrine. This little MS. treatise grew to be [1316] his book De Cive[1317], and at last grew there to be the so formidable and ... Leviathan; the manner of writing of which booke (he told me) was thus. He walked much and contemplated, and he had in the head of his staffe [1318] a pen and inke-horne, carried alwayes a note-booke in his pocket, [Pg 335]and as soon as a thought [1319] darted, he presently entred it into his booke, or otherwise he might [1320] perhaps have lost it. He had drawne the designe of the booke into chapters, etc. so he knew whereabout it would come in. Thus that booke was made.
[1311]In a memo, he told me that Bishop Manwaring [1312] (from St. David’s) preached his doctrine; for this, among other reasons, he was imprisoned in the Tower. Then Mr. Hobbes thought, 'It’s time for me to look out for myself,' and he withdrew [1313] to France, where he lived [1314] in Paris. As I recall, there were others [1315] who also preached his doctrine. This small manuscript eventually became [1316] his book De Cive[1317], which ultimately turned into the formidable Leviathan; he told me that the way he wrote that book was like this: He walked a lot and contemplated, and he kept a pen and inkwell at the end of his walking stick, always carried a notebook in his pocket, [Pg 335] and as soon as he had a thought [1319], he would immediately write it down in his notebook, otherwise, he might [1320] have lost it. He had already outlined the book into chapters, etc., so he knew where each part would fit. That’s how that book was created.

'He wrote and published the Leviathan far from the intention either of disadvantage to his majestie, or to flatter Oliver (who was not made Protector till three or four yeares after) on purpose to facilitate his returne; for there is scarce a page in it that he does not upbraid him.'—Mr. Hobbes considered, p. 8.
'He wrote and published the Leviathan not to harm his majesty or to flatter Oliver (who didn’t become Protector until three or four years later) in order to ease his return; in fact, there’s hardly a page where he doesn’t criticize him.'—Mr. Hobbes considered, p. 8.

[1321]''Twas written in the behalfe of the faithfull subjects of his majestie, that had taken his part in the war, or otherwise donne their utmost endeavour to defend his majestie's right and person against the rebells: wherby, having no other meanes of protection, nor (for the most part) of subsistence, were forced to compound with your masters, and to promise obedience for the saving of their lives and fortunes, which, in his booke he hath affirmed, they might lawfully doe, and consequently not bear arms against the victors. They had done their utmost endeavour to performe their obligation to the king, had done all they could be obliged unto; and were consequently at liberty to seeke the safety of their lives and livelihood wheresoever, and without treachery.'— p. 20.
[1321]It was written on behalf of the loyal subjects of his majesty who had supported him in the war or otherwise did everything they could to defend his majesty's rights and person against the rebels. As they had no other means of protection, and mostly no way to make a living, they were forced to negotiate with your masters and promise obedience to save their lives and fortunes, which, in his book, he stated they could lawfully do, and thus were not obligated to fight against the winners. They had done their utmost to fulfill their duty to the king and had done everything they could be required to do; therefore, they were free to seek safety for their lives and livelihoods wherever they could, without being disloyal.'— p. 20.

'His majestie was displeased with him' (at Paris) 'for a while, but not very long, by means of some's complayning of and misconstruing his writing. But his majestie had a good opinion of him, and sayd openly that he thought Mr. Hobbes never meant him hurt.'—p. 28.
'His majesty was upset with him' (in Paris) 'for a little while, but not for too long, due to some complaints and misunderstandings about his writing. However, his majesty had a favorable opinion of him and stated publicly that he believed Mr. Hobbes never intended to harm him.'—p. 28.

'Before his booke De Homine came forth, nothing of the optiques writt intelligibly. As for the Optiques of Vitellio [1322], and several others, he accounts them rather geometry than optiques.'—p. 54. [Will not this p. 54 more aptly come in in another place?]
'Before his book De Homine was published, nothing about optics was written in a clear way. As for Vitellius's Optics [1322], and several others, he considers them more geometry than optics.'—p. 54. [Wouldn't this p. 54 be better placed elsewhere?]

'So also of all other arts; not every one that brings [Pg 336]from beyond seas a new gin, or other janty devise, is therfore a philosopher. For if you reckon that way, not only apothecaries and gardiners, but many other sorts of workmen will put-in for, and get the prize—
'The same goes for all other arts; just because someone brings [Pg 336]a new gin or some flashy gadget from overseas doesn't make them a philosopher. If you think that way, then not only apothecaries and gardeners, but many other types of workers will compete and win the prize—

'Then,[1323] when I see the gentlemen of Gresham Colledge apply themselves to the doctrine of motion (as Mr. Hobbes has done, and will be ready to helpe them in it, if they please, and so long as they use him civilly), I will looke to know some causes of naturall events from them, and their register, and not before; for nature does nothing but by motion.
'Then,[1323] when I see the scholars at Gresham College focusing on the principles of motion (like Mr. Hobbes has, and he will be willing to help them with it if they treat him respectfully), I will expect to learn some reasons for natural events from them and their records, but not before; because nature does nothing without motion.'

'The reason given by him, why the drop of glasse so much wondred at shivers into so many pieces by breaking only one small part of it, is approved for probable by the Royall Societie and registred in their colledge:[CV.] but he has no reason to take it for a favour, because hereafter the invention may be taken, by that means, not for his, but theirs.'—p. 55.
'He explained why the drop of glass shatters into so many pieces when just one small part breaks, and the Royal Society agrees with his reasoning and has recorded it in their college:[CV.] but he shouldn't consider this a favor, because in the future, the invention may be claimed by them rather than him.'—p. 55.

[CV.] This clause I leave to your judgment, if not fitt to be left out.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
[CV.] I’ll let you decide if this clause should stay or if it’s better to take it out.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.

'As for his selfe-prayse [CVI.], they can have very little skill in morality, that cannot see the justice of commending a man's selfe, as well as of any thing else, in his own defence.'—p. 57.
'When it comes to self-praise [CVI.], only those who lack understanding of morality would fail to recognize the fairness of praising oneself, just like any other thing, in one's own defense.'—p. 57.

[CVI.] Should these excerpts of his moralls come in here, or rather be cast-after to another place?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
[CVI.] Should these excerpts of his morals be included here, or should they be moved to another section?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.

'Then for his morosity and peevishnesse, with which some asperse him, all that know him familiarly, know the contrary. 'Tis true that when vain and ignorant young scholars, unknowne to him before, come to him on purpose to argue with him, and fall into undiscreet and uncivill expressions, and he then appeare not well contented, 'twas not his morosity, but their vanity, which should be blamed.'—<Mr. Hobbes considered> p. 59.
'Then for his unfriendliness and irritability, which some people criticize him for, everyone who knows him well understands the opposite. It’s true that when pretentious and ignorant young scholars, unfamiliar to him before, approach him just to argue, and they start using indiscreet and rude language, and he appears displeased, it’s not his unfriendliness that’s to blame, but their arrogance.'—<Mr. Hobbes considered> p. 59.

<Residence in Paris.>

[1324]During his stay at Paris he went through a course of chymistry with Dr. ... Davison; and he there also studied Vesalius's Anatomie. This I am sure was before 1648; for that Sir William Petty (then Dr. Petty, [Pg 337]physitian) studyed and dissected with him. Vide pag. 18b. A. W.[1325]
[1324]While in Paris, he took a chemistry course with Dr. ... Davison and also studied Vesalius's Anatomy. I'm certain this happened before 1648 because Sir William Petty (then Dr. Petty, [Pg 337]physician) studied and dissected alongside him. See page 18b. A. W.[1325]

<Return to England.>

[1326]Anno 165-[CVII.], he returned into England, and lived most part [CVIII.] in London, in Fetter lane, where he writt, or finished, his booke De Corpore, ...[1327], in Latin and then in English; and writt his lessons against the two Savillian professors at Oxon [1328], etc.; vide the anno Domini when printed. (Puto 1655 or 56.)
[1326]In the year 165-[CVII.], he returned to England and spent most of his time [CVIII.] in London, specifically in Fetter Lane, where he wrote or finished his book De Corpore, ...[1327], in Latin and then in English; and wrote his critiques against the two Savillian professors at Oxford [1328], etc.; see the year it was printed. (I think 1655 or 56.)

[CVII.] Quaere de hoc: vide his life.—'Twas 1650 or 1651.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
[CVII.] Ask about this: see his life.—It was 1650 or 1651.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.

[CVIII.] Quaere etiam de hoc. I thinke true as I remember.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
[CVIII.] Also ask about this. I think it’s true as I remember it.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.

<Kindness to his nephew.>

[1329]1655 or 1656: about this time he setled the piece of land (aforesayd), given to him by his uncle, upon his nephew Francis [CIX.] for life, the remaynder to his nephew's eldest son, Thomas Hobbes. He also not long after [1330] dischardged a mortgage (to my knowledge [CX.], to Richard Thorne, an attorney) of two hundred pounds, besides the interest thereof, with which his nephew Francis (a careles [1331] husband) had incumbred his estate.
[1329]1655 or 1656: Around this time, he settled the mentioned piece of land, given to him by his uncle, on his nephew Francis [CIX.] for life, with the remainder going to his nephew's oldest son, Thomas Hobbes. Not long after [1330], he also paid off a mortgage (as far as I know [CX.], to Richard Thorne, an attorney) of two hundred pounds, plus the interest, that his nephew Francis (a careless [1331] husband) had burdened his estate with.

[CIX.] Or brother: I have now forgott. But surely 'twas to his nephewe [1332].—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.
[CIX.] Or brother: I have now forgotten. But surely it was to his nephew [1332].—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.

[CX.] I doe not insert this to be published, but only my familiar way of writing to you and to give to you the greater testimonie.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.
[CX.] I’m not including this to be published, but just my usual way of writing to you and to give you more proof.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.

<Residence in London.>

He was much in London till the restauration of his majesty, having here convenience not only of bookes, but of learned conversation, as Mr. John Selden, Dr. William Harvey, John Vaughan, etc., wherof anon in the catalogue of his acquaintance.
He spent a lot of time in London until the restoration of the monarchy, enjoying easy access not only to books but also to intellectual discussions with people like Mr. John Selden, Dr. William Harvey, John Vaughan, and others, which I'll mention later in the list of his acquaintances.

I have heard him say, that at his lord's house in the [Pg 338]countrey [1333] there was a good library, and bookes enough for him, and that his lordship stored the library with what bookes he thought fitt to be bought; but he sayd, the want of learned [1334] conversation [CXI.] was a very great inconvenience [1335], and that though he conceived [1336] he could order his thinking as well perhaps as another man, yet he found a great defect [1337].
I’ve heard him say that at his lord’s house in the [Pg 338]country [1333] there was a nice library, with enough books for him, and that his lordship stocked the library with whatever books he thought should be bought. But he said the lack of learned [1334] conversation [CXI.] was a really big drawback [1335], and that even though he believed [1336] he could probably organize his thoughts as well as anyone else, he found a significant flaw [1337].

[CXI.] Methinkes in the country, in long time, for want of good conservation, one's understanding (witt, invention) growes mouldy.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.
[CXI.] I think that in the countryside, after a while, due to lack of good preservation, one's understanding (wit, creativity) becomes stale.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.

<Acquaintance and studies.>

Amongst other of his acquaintance I must not forget our common friend, Mr. Samuel Cowper, the prince of limners of this last age, who drew his picture [CXII.] as like as art could afford, and one of the best pieces that ever he did: which his majesty, at his returne, bought of him, and conserves as one of his great rarities in his closet at Whitehall.
Among his other acquaintances, I shouldn't forget our mutual friend, Mr. Samuel Cowper, the best painter of this recent time, who made his portrait as accurately as art allows, and it's one of the best works he ever created; which the king, upon his return, purchased from him and keeps as one of his prized possessions in his collection at Whitehall.

[CXII.] This picture I intend [1338] to be borrowed of his majesty, for Mr. Loggan to engrave an accurate piece by, which will sell well both at home and abroad. Mr. Loggan is well acquainted.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.
[CXII.] I plan to have this picture borrowed from his majesty for Mr. Loggan to engrave an accurate piece from, which will sell well both locally and internationally. Mr. Loggan is well acquainted.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.

[1339]1659. In 1659 his lord was—and some yeares before—at Little Salisbury-house (now turned to the Middle-Exchange), where he wrot, among other things, a poeme, in Latin hexameter and pentameter, of the encroachment of the clergie (both Roman and reformed) on the civil power [FS]. I remember I saw then 500 + verses, for he numbred every tenth as he wrote. I remember he did read Cluverius's Historia Universalis, and made-up his poeme from thence. His amanuensis remembers this poeme, for he wrote them out, but knows .
[1339]1659. In 1659, his lordship was— and for several years before— at Little Salisbury-house (now known as the Middle-Exchange), where he wrote, among other things, a poem in Latin hexameter and pentameter about the encroachment of the clergy (both Roman and reformed) on civil power [FS]. I remember seeing 500+ verses, as he numbered every tenth one while he wrote. I remember he read Cluverius's Historia Universalis and based his poem on that. His amanuensis remembers this poem because he transcribed it, but he doesn’t know what happened to it.

His place of meditation was then in the portico in the garden.
His spot for meditation was in the porch in the garden.

His manner [1340] of thinking:—he sayd that he sometimes [Pg 339]would sett his thoughts upon researching [1341] and contemplating, always with this rule [1342] that he very much and deeply considered one thing at a time (scilicet, a weeke or sometimes a fortnight).
His way of thinking:—he said that he sometimes [Pg 339]would focus his thoughts on researching [1341] and reflecting, always with this rule [1342] that he would thoroughly consider one thing at a time (namely, a week or sometimes two weeks).

There was a report [CXIII.] (and surely true) that in parliament, not long after the king was setled, some of the bishops made a motion to have the good old gentleman burn't for a heretique. Which he hearing, feared that his papers might be search't by their order, and he told me he had burn't part of them.—I have received word [1343] from his amanuensis and executor that he 'remembers there were such verses [1344] for he wrote them out, but knowes not what became of them, unlesse he presented them to Judge Vaughan [1345], or burned them as I did seeme to intimate.' ☞ But I understand since by W. Crooke, that he can retrive a good [1346] many of them.
There was a report [CXIII.] (and probably true) that in parliament, not long after the king was settled, some bishops suggested having the good old gentleman burned as a heretic. Upon hearing this, he feared that his papers might be searched by their order, and he told me he had burned part of them. —I received word [1343] from his assistant and executor that he remembers there were such verses [1344] because he wrote them out, but he doesn't know what happened to them, unless he presented them to Judge Vaughan [1345], or burned them as I seemed to imply.' ☞ But I understand from W. Crooke that he can retrieve a good [1346] number of them.

[CXIII.] Quaere [1347] the bishop of Sarum de hoc, i.e. pro tempore.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41^v.
[CXIII.] Ask [1347] the bishop of Sarum about this, i.e. for the time being.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41^v.

<Secures the protection of Charles II.>

[1348]1660. The [1349] winter-time of 1659 he spent in Derbyshire. In [FT]March following was the dawning of the coming in of our gracious soveraigne, and in April the Aurora.
[1348]1660. He spent the winter of 1659 in Derbyshire. In [FT]March the following year, the dawn of our gracious sovereign's reign began, and in April the Aurora.

[1350]I then sent a letter to him in the countrey to advertise him of the Advent [1351] of his master the king and desired him by all meanes to be in London before his arrivall; and knowing [1352] his majestie was a great lover of good painting I must needs presume he could not but suddenly see [Pg 340]Mr. Cowper's curious pieces, of whose fame he had so much heard abroad and seene some of his worke, and likewise that he would sitt to him for his picture, at which place and time he would have the best convenience [1353] of renewing his majestie's graces to him.[1354]He returned me thankes for my friendly intimation and came to London in May following.
[1350]I then sent him a letter in the country to let him know about the arrival [1351] of his master, the king, and urged him to be in London before he got there. Knowing [1352] that his majesty loved good painting, I figured he wouldn't miss the chance to see Mr. Cowper's amazing pieces, which he had heard so much about and seen some of himself, and that he would sit for his portrait; that way, he could best express his appreciation for the king’s favor at that time. [Pg 340]He thanked me for my friendly notice and came to London the following May.

It happened, about two or three dayes after his majestie's happy returne, that, as he was passing in his coach through the Strand, Mr. Hobbes was standing at Little Salisbury-house gate (where his lord then lived). The king espied him, putt of his hatt very kindly to him, and asked him how he did. About a weeke after he had [1355] orall conference with his majesty at [1356] Mr. S. Cowper's, where, as he sate for his picture, he was diverted [1357] by Mr. Hobbes's pleasant discourse [1358]. Here his majestie's favours were redintegrated to him, and order was given that he should have free accesse to his majesty, who was always much delighted in his witt and smart repartees.
It happened about two or three days after the king's joyful return that, as he was passing through the Strand in his coach, Mr. Hobbes was standing at the gate of Little Salisbury House (where his lord was living at the time). The king spotted him, very kindly tipped his hat, and asked how he was doing. About a week later, he had a conversation with the king at Mr. S. Cowper's, where, while sitting for his portrait, he was entertained by Mr. Hobbes's witty conversation. Here, the king's favors were reinstated, and it was arranged that he should have free access to the king, who always enjoyed his wit and sharp remarks.

The witts at Court were wont to bayte him. But he feared none of them [1359], and would make his part good. The king would call him the beare[CXIV.]: 'Here comes the beare to be bayted!'
The clever people at court used to tease him. But he wasn’t afraid of any of them [1359], and he would stand his ground. The king would refer to him as the bear[CXIV.]: 'Here comes the bear to be teased!'

[CXIV.] This is too low witt to be published.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 40^v.
[CXIV.] This is too low wit to be published.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 40^v.

Repartees. He was marvellous happy and ready in his replies, and that without rancor (except provoked)—but now [1360] I speake of his readinesse in replies as to witt and drollery. He would say that he did not care to give, neither was he adroit [1361] at, a present answer to a serious quaere: he had as lieve they should have expected an [1362] extemporary solution to an arithmeticall probleme, for he turned and winded and compounded in philosophy, politiques, etc., as if he had [Pg 341]been at analyticall [1363] worke. He alwayes avoided, as much as he could, to conclude hastily (Humane Nature, p. 2). Vide [1364] p. 15 b.
Repartees. He was wonderfully happy and quick with his responses, and that without any bitterness (unless provoked)—but now [1360] I’m talking about his quickness in replies when it came to humor and wit. He would say that he wasn’t really interested in giving, nor was he skilled [1361] at, an immediate answer to a serious question: he thought it was just as unreasonable to expect an [1362] off-the-cuff solution to a math problem as it was to expect clarity when he was pondering and mixing ideas in philosophy, politics, etc., as if he were engaged in analytical [1363] work. He always tried to avoid jumping to conclusions too quickly (Humane Nature, p. 2). See [1364] p. 15 b.

<Re-enters the household of the earl of Devonshire.>

[1365]Memorandum—from 1660 till the time [CXV.] he [1366] last went into Derbyshire, he spent most of his time in London at his lord's (viz. at Little Salisbury-howse; then, Queen Street; lastly, Newport-house), following his contemplation and study. ☞ He contemplated and invented (set downe a hint with a pencill or so) in the morning, but compiled [1367] in the afternoon.
[1365]Memorandum—from 1660 until he [CXV.] last visited Derbyshire, he spent most of his time in London at his lord's (that is, at Little Salisbury House; then, Queen Street; finally, Newport House), focusing on his thoughts and studies. ☞ He thought and jotted down ideas (made a note with a pencil or so) in the morning, but wrote [1367] in the afternoon.

[CXV.] Quaere when. Quaere W. Crooke de hoc. [You [1368] say somewhere [1369] that he went into Derbyshire, 1675. Here, while he was at London, he was much sought after and courted: taught and directed those that sought after him.]—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41^v.
[CXV.] Ask when. Ask W. Crooke about this. [You [1368] mention somewhere [1369] that he went to Derbyshire, in 1675. While he was in London, he was very much in demand and admired: he taught and guided those who sought him out.]—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41^v.

<His treatise De Legibus.>

1664. In [1370] 1664 I sayd to him 'Me thinkes 'tis pitty that you that have such a cleare reason and working [1371] head did never take into consideration the learning of the lawes'; and I endeavoured to perswade him to it. But he answered that [1372] he was not like to have life enough left to goe through with such a long and difficult taske. I then presented him the lord chancellor Bacon's Elements of the Lawe (a thin quarto), in order therunto and to drawe him on; which he was pleased to accept, and perused; and the next time I came to him he shewed me therin two cleare paralogismes in the 2nd page (one, I well remember, was in page 2), which I am heartily sory are now out of my remembrance.[1373] I desponded, for his reasons, that he should make any tentamen[1374] towards this designe; but afterwards, it seemes, in the countrey he writt his treatise De Legibus[FU] (unprinted) [Pg 342]of which Sir John Vaughan, Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common Pleas, had a transcript, and I doe affirme that he much admired it.
1664. In [1370] 1664, I said to him, "I think it's a shame that someone with such clear reasoning and sharp thinking [1371] hasn’t considered studying the law." I tried to convince him to do it. But he replied that [1372] he didn't think he would have enough time left in his life to tackle such a long and challenging task. I then gave him Lord Chancellor Bacon's Elements of the Law (a thin quarto) to encourage him, which he accepted and read. The next time I visited him, he pointed out two clear fallacies in the second page (one, I remember well, was on page 2), which I sadly can’t recall now.[1373] I lost hope that he would make any tentamen[1374] toward this endeavor; but later, it seems, while in the countryside, he wrote his treatise De Legibus[FU] (unpublished), of which Sir John Vaughan, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, had a copy, and I can say he greatly admired it.

[1375]Insert here part of his lettre to me about it.
[1375]Insert here part of his letter to me about it.

'Tis thus, viz., in a letter to me [1376], dated Aug. 18, 1679, among severall other things, he writes [1377]:—
'Tis thus, in a letter to me [1376], dated Aug. 18, 1679, among several other things, he writes [1377]:—

'I have been told that my booke of the Civill Warr is come abroad and am heartily sorry for it, especially because I could not get his majestie to license it, not because it is ill printed or hath a foolish title set to it, for I beleeve that any ingeniose man may understand the wickednes of that time, notwithstanding the errors of the presse [CXVI.].
'I’ve been informed that my book on the Civil War is out now, and I’m truly sorry about that, especially because I couldn’t get the king to approve it. Not because it’s poorly printed or has a silly title, but because I believe any clever person can grasp the wickedness of that time, despite the printing errors.[CXVI.].'

[CXVI.] Quaere is it best to let the letter stand whole [1378] or to let that part, of the Civill Warr, be referred to the catalogue of bookes?
[CXVI.] Should we keep the letter as it is [1378] or should we place that section of the Civil War in the list of books?

'The treatise De Legibus (at the end of it) is imperfect. I desire Mr. Horne [1379] to pardon me that I cannot consent to his motion; nor shall Mr. Crooke himselfe get my consent to print it.
'The treatise De Legibus (at the end of it) is incomplete. I hope Mr. Horne [1379] can forgive me for not agreeing to his proposal; nor will Mr. Crooke himself get my permission to publish it.'

'I pray you present my humble thankes to Mr. Sam. Butler.
'I ask that you convey my sincere thanks to Mr. Sam. Butler.

'The privilege of stationers is, in my opinion, a very great hinderance to the advancement of all humane learning [1380].
'In my view, the privilege of stationers significantly hinders the progress of all human knowledge [1380].

'I am, sir, your very humble servant,
'Th. Hobbes.'

"I am, sir, your devoted servant,
'Thomas Hobbes.'

<Proposed foundation at Malmsbury.>

[1381]1665. This yeare he told me that he was willing to doe some good to the towne where he was borne; that his majestie loved him well, and if I could find out something in our countrey that was in his guift, he did beleeve he could beg it of his majestie, and seeing [1382] he was bred a scholar, he thought it most proper to endowe [1383] a free-schoole there; which is wanting now[CXVII.] (for, before the reformation, all monasteries had great [Pg 343]schooles appendant to them; e.g. Magdalen schoole and New College schoole). After [1384] enquiry I found out a piece of land in Bradon-forest (of about 25 li. per annum value) that was in his majesties guift [1385], which he designed [1386] to have obtained of his majestie for a salary for a schoolmaster; but [CXVIII.] the queen's priests [1387] smelling-out the designe and being [1388] his enemies, hindred [1389] this publique and charitable intention.
[1381]1665. This year he told me he wanted to do something good for the town where he was born; that his majesty held him in high regard, and if I could find something in our country that was within his gift, he believed he could ask his majesty for it. Since [1382] he was raised as a scholar, he thought it would be most appropriate to fund [1383] a free school there, which is currently lacking now[CXVII.] (because, before the Reformation, all monasteries had great schools attached to them; for example, Magdalen School and New College School). After [1384] some investigation, I found a piece of land in Bradon Forest (worth about 25 li. per year) that was within his majesty's gift [1385], which he aimed [1386] to obtain from his majesty to pay a salary for a schoolmaster; but [CXVIII.] the queen's priests [1387] caught wind of the plan and, being [1388] his enemies, hindered [1389] this public and charitable intention.

[CXVII.] The burghesses give a schoolmaster X li. per annum out of their....
[CXVII.] The town residents pay a schoolmaster £50 a year from their....

[CXVIII.] Aubrey queries—'Will not this give offence?'—Anthony Wood replies—'Perhaps no.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
[CXVIII.] Aubrey asks, 'Will this not be offensive?'—Anthony Wood answers, 'Probably not.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

<Controversy with Dr. John Fell.>

[1674 [1390]. Anno [1391] Domini 1674 Mr. Anthony à Wood sett forth an elaborate worke of eleven [1392] yeares study, intituled the History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford, wherin, in every respective Colledge and Hall, he mentions the writers there educated and what bookes they wrote. The deane of Christ Church having plenipotentiary [1393] power of the presse there], perused every sheet before 'twas to be sent to the presse [1394]; and maugre the author and to his [1395] sore displeasure did expunge and inserted what he pleased. Among other authors [CXIX.], he made divers alterations in Mr. Wood's copie in the account he gives of Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury's life, in pag. 444, 445 [1396], Lib. II—
[1674 [1390]. In the year [1391] 1674, Mr. Anthony à Wood published a detailed work based on eleven [1392] years of study, titled The History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford, where he discusses the writers who studied at each College and Hall and the books they wrote. The Dean of Christ Church had full [1393] control over the printing process, reviewed every page before it went to the press [1394]; and despite the author's and his [1395] strong displeasure, he removed and added whatever he saw fit. Among other authors [CXIX.], he made various changes to Mr. Wood's text regarding Mr. T. Hobbes of Malmesbury's life, on pages 444 and 445 [1396], Book II—

[CXIX.] Memorandum—bishop John Fell did not only expunge and insert what he pleased in Mr. Hobbes' life; but also in the lives of other very learned men, to their disparagement, particularly of Dr. John Prideaux, afterwards bishop of Worcester, and in the life of Dr. Twiss.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 48^v.
[CXIX.] Memorandum—Bishop John Fell not only removed and added what he wanted in Mr. Hobbes' biography; he also did the same in the lives of other highly educated individuals, to their detriment, especially concerning Dr. John Prideaux, who later became the bishop of Worcester, and in the biography of Dr. Twiss.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 48^v.

[Pg 344]
[Pg 344]

'Vir sane de quo (inter tot prosperae et adversae famae qui de eo sparguntur hominum sermones) hoc verissime pronuntiare fas est, animum ipsi obtigisse, uti omnis scientiae capacissimum et infertum, ita divitiarum, saeculi, et invidiae negligentissimum; erga cognatos et alios pium et beneficum; inter eos quibuscum vixit, hilarem et apertum, et sermone libero; apud exteros in summa semper veneratione habitum,' &c.; this and much more was quite dashed out of the author's copie by the sayd deane.
'It’s truly right to say about him (among all the good and bad stories that people share) that he has a strong spirit, being incredibly open to learning and understanding yet completely indifferent to wealth, worldly things, and jealousy; kind and generous to family and others; cheerful and open with those he lived with, speaking freely; always held in high esteem by those from outside,' &c.; this and much more was completely erased from the author's copy by the mentioned dean.

[1397]These [CXX.] additions and expunctions being made by the sayd deane of Christ Church, without [1398] the knowledge or advice of the authour and quite contrary to his mind, he told him it was fitt Mr. Hobbes should know it [1399], because that his name being set to the booke and all people knowing it to be his, he should be liable to an answer, and so consequently be in perpetuall controversie. To this the deane replied, 'Yea, in God's name; and great reason it was that he should know what he had done, and what he had donne he would answer for,' etc.
[1397]These [CXX.] additions and deletions were made by the dean of Christ Church, without [1398] the knowledge or advice of the author and totally against his wishes. He told the dean it was important for Mr. Hobbes to be informed [1399], because since his name was on the book and everyone recognized it as his work, he could be held accountable and would be in constant controversy. The dean responded, 'Yes, indeed; and it makes perfect sense that he should know what he has done, and for what he has done, he will be accountable,' etc.

[CXX.] Me thinkes [1400] page 15 might be something extracted and abridged; but doe you consider of it.
[CXX.] I think [1400] page 15 could be something shortened and summarized; but give it some thought.

1674. Hereupon [1401], the author acquaints [1402]J. A., Mr. Hobbes's correspondent, with all that had passed; J. A. acquaints Mr. Hobbes. Mr. Hobbes takeing it ill, was resolved to vindicate himselfe in an Epistle to the Author. Accordingly an epistle, dated Apr. 20, 1674, was sent to the author in MS., with an intention to publish it when the History of Oxford was to be published. Upon the reciept of Mr. Hobbes's Epistle by Anthony à Wood, he forthwith repaired, very honestly and without any guile, to the dean of Christ Church to communicate it to him [1403]. The deane read it over carelesly, and not without scorne, and when [Pg 345]he had donne, bid Mr. Wood tell Mr. Hobbes, 'that he was an old man, had one foote in the grave, that he should mind his latter end, and not trouble the world any more with his papers,' etc., or to that effect.
1674. After that [1401], the author informed [1402]J. A., Mr. Hobbes's correspondent, about everything that had happened; J. A. then informed Mr. Hobbes. Mr. Hobbes took this poorly and decided to defend himself in a letter to the author. So, a letter, dated April 20, 1674, was sent to the author in manuscript form, intending to publish it when the History of Oxford was released. Upon receiving Mr. Hobbes's letter, Anthony à Wood immediately and sincerely went to the dean of Christ Church to share it with him [1403]. The dean read it over carelessly, and not without contempt, and when he finished, he told Mr. Wood to inform Mr. Hobbes that he was an old man, nearing the end of his life, and that he should focus on his final days and not trouble the world with his writings anymore, etc., or something to that effect.

In the meane time Mr. Hobbes meetes with the king in the Pall-mall, in St. James's parke; tells him how he had been served by the deane of Christ Church, in a booke then in the presse (scilicet the 'History' aforesayd), intituled the History and Antiquities of the Universitie of Oxon, and withall desires his majestie to be pleased to give him leave to vindicate himselfe. The king seeming to be troubled at the dealing of the deane, gave Mr. Hobbes leave, conditionally that he touch no-body but him who had abused him, neither that he should reflect upon the Universitie.
In the meantime, Mr. Hobbes meets the king in Pall Mall, in St. James's Park; he tells him how he had been treated by the dean of Christ Church regarding a book that was then in press (namely, the aforementioned 'History'), titled The History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford, and he also asks his majesty for permission to clear his name. The king, seeming upset about the dean's actions, grants Mr. Hobbes permission, on the condition that he only addresses the person who wronged him and does not criticize the university.

Mr. Hobbes understanding that this History would be published at the common Act at Oxon, about 11 July, the said yeare 1674, prints his Epistle [1404] at London, and sends downe divers copies to Oxon, which being dispersed at coffee-houses and stationers' shops, a copie forthwith came to the deane's hands, who upon the reading of it fretted and fumed [1405], sent [1406] for the author of the History and chid him, telling withall that he had corresponded with his enemie (Hobbes). The author replied that surely he had forgot what he had donne, for he had communicated to him before what Mr. Hobbes had sayd and written; wherupon the deane recollecting himselfe, told him that Hobbes should suddenly heare more of him [1407]; so that the last sheete [1408] of paper being then in the presse and one leafe thereof being left vacant, the deane supplied it [Pg 346]with this answer. Both the epistle and answer I here exhibite.
Mr. Hobbes learned that this History would be published at the common Act in Oxford around July 11, 1674, so he printed his Epistle [1404] in London and sent several copies to Oxford. These copies were quickly spread around coffee shops and stationery stores, and one copy soon reached the dean. Upon reading it, he became very upset [1405] and called for the author of the History, scolding him and saying that he had been in touch with his enemy (Hobbes). The author replied that he must have forgotten what he had done because he had previously shared what Mr. Hobbes had said and written. The dean then collected himself and told the author that Hobbes would soon hear more from him [1407]; thus, with the last sheet [1408] of paper in the press and one page left blank, the dean filled it in with this response. I present both the epistle and the response here.

[1409]Here insert the Epistle [1410] and Answer [1411].
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Here insert the letter__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ and response__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__.

To this angry [1412] answer the old gentleman never [1413] made any reply, but slighted [1414] the Dr's passion and forgave it. But 'tis supposed it might be the cause why Mr. Hobbes was not afterwards so indulgent, or spared the lesse to speake his opinion, concerning the Universities and how much their doctrine and method had contributed to the late troubles [e.g. in his History of the Civill Warre].
To this angry [1412] response, the old gentleman never [1413] replied, but dismissed [1414] the doctor's anger and let it go. However, it’s believed that this might be why Mr. Hobbes was not as lenient later on and was less hesitant to express his views about the universities and how much their teachings and methods had contributed to the recent troubles [e.g. in his History of the Civill Warre].

<Withdraws to Derbyshire.>

1675, mense ..., he left London cum animo nunquam revertendi, and spent the remaynder of his dayes in Derbyshire with the earl of Devonshire at Chatsworth and Hardwyck, in contemplation and study. He wrote there [1415] ... (vide vitam).
1675, in the month of..., he left London with no intention of returning, and spent the rest of his days in Derbyshire with the Earl of Devonshire at Chatsworth and Hardwyck, in contemplation and study. He wrote there [1415] ... (see the life).

<His death and burial.>

[1416]Then [1417], his sicknesse, death, buriall and place, and epitaph, which send for[1418].
[1416]Then [1417], please provide details about his illness, death, burial, and resting place, and the epitaph, which should be sent for[1418].

[1419]Extracted out of the executor's lettre (January 16, 1679) to me:—
[1419]Taken from the executor's letter (January 16, 1679) to me:—

'To his highly honoured friend, Jo. Aubrey, esq., these.'—
'To his esteemed friend, Jo. Aubrey, Esq., these.'—

(His sicknesse) 'Worthy sir—he fell sick about the middle of October last,' etc.[1420]—
(His sickness) 'Worthy sir—he fell ill around the middle of October last,' etc.[1420]—

[1421]☞ 'He dyed worth neer 1000 li., which (considering his charity) was more then I expected: vide his verses [1422] in the last page.—From W. Crooke, from Mr. Jackson who had 500 li. of his in his hands.—
[1421]☞ 'He spent almost 1000 li., which (given his generosity) was more than I expected: see his verses [1422] on the last page.—From W. Crooke, from Mr. Jackson who had 500 li. of his in his possession.—

[Pg 347]
[Pg 347]

<Personal characteristics.>

[1423]Describe face, eyes, forehead, nose, mouth, eyebrows, figure of the face, complexion; stature of body; shape (slender, large, neat, or otherwise); figure of head and magnitude of head; shoulders (large, round, etc.); arms, legs, how?—
[1423]Describe the face, eyes, forehead, nose, mouth, eyebrows, shape of the face, skin tone; height and build of the body; body type (slender, large, neat, or other); shape and size of the head; shoulders (broad, round, etc.); arms, legs, how?—

[1424]Mr. Hobbes's person, etc.:—hazel, quick eie, which continued to his last. He was a tall man, higher then I am by about halfe a head (scil.... feet), i.e. I could putt my hand between my head and his hatt.—When young he loved musique and practised on the lute. In his old age he used to sing prick-song every night (when all were gonne and sure nobody could heare him) for his health, which he did beleeve would make him live two or three yeares longer.
[1424]Mr. Hobbes had a hazel eye that remained sharp until the end. He was a tall man, about half a head taller than me (meaning... feet), so I could fit my hand between my head and his hat. When he was younger, he loved music and played the lute. In his old age, he would sing to himself every night (when everyone was gone and he was sure no one could hear him) for his health, believing it would help him live two or three years longer.

[1425]In his youth unhealthy; of an ill yellowish complexion: wett in his feet, and trod both his shoes the same way.
[1425]In his youth, he was unhealthy, with a sickly yellow complexion: his feet were wet, and he wore out both his shoes in the same way.

[1426]His complexion. In his youth he was unhealthy, and of an ill complexion (yellowish).
[1426]His complexion. In his youth, he wasn't healthy and had a bad complexion (yellowish).

His [CXXI.] lord, who was a waster, sent him up and downe to borrow money, and to gett gentlemen to be bound for him, being ashamed to speake him selfe: he tooke colds, being wett in his feet (then were no hackney coaches to stand in the streetes), and trod both his shoes aside the same way. Notwithstanding he was well-beloved: they lov'd his company for his pleasant facetiousnes and good-nature [1427].
His [CXXI.] lord, who was a slacker, sent him around to borrow money and to get gentlemen to co-sign for him, being too embarrassed to ask himself. He caught a cold from getting his feet wet (there were no hired carriages available in the streets back then), and he wore out both his shoes in the same way. Still, he was well-liked: people enjoyed his company for his charming humor and good nature [1427].

[CXXI.] This only inter nos.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
[CXXI.] This only between us.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.

From forty, or better, he grew healthier, and then he had a fresh, ruddy, complexion. He was sanguineo-melancholicus; which the physiologers say is the most ingeniose complexion. He would say that 'there might be good witts of all complexions; but good-natured, impossible.'
From the age of forty, or even better, he became healthier, and he had a fresh, rosy complexion. He was sanguineo-melancholicus; which physiologists say is the most creative temperament. He would often say that 'there could be clever people of all temperaments; but kind-hearted ones, that's rare.'

Head. In his old age he was very bald [1428] (which claymed a veneration); yet within dore, he used to study, and sitt, [Pg 348]bare-headed, and sayd he never tooke cold in his head, but that the greatest trouble was to keepe-off the flies from pitching on the baldnes. His head was ... inches in compasse (I have the measure), and of a mallet-forme (approved by the physiologers).
Head. In his old age, he was very bald [1428] (which earned him respect); yet inside, he would study and sit, [Pg 348]bare-headed, claiming he never felt cold in his head, but that the biggest hassle was keeping the flies off his bald spot. His head was ... inches around (I have the measurement), and was shaped like a mallet (as confirmed by physiologists).

[1429]Skin. His skin was soft and of that kind which my Lord Chancellor Bacon in his History of Life and Death calles a goose-skin, i.e. of a wide texture:—
[1429]Skin. His skin was soft and had what my Lord Chancellor Bacon describes in his History of Life and Death as a goose-skin, meaning it had a loose texture:—

Crassa cutis, crassum cerebrum, crassum ingenium.
Crass skin, thick brain, dull intellect.

Face not very great; ample forehead; whiskers yellowish-redish, which naturally turned up—which is a signe of a brisque witt, e.g. James Howell, Henry Jacob of Merton College.
Face not very impressive; broad forehead; whiskers yellowish-reddish that naturally curl up—which is a sign of a quick wit, like James Howell, Henry Jacob of Merton College.

<Beard.> Belowe he was shaved close, except a little tip under his lip. Not but that nature [1430] could have afforded a venerable beard (Sapientem pascere barbam—Horat. Satyr. lib. 2), but being naturally of a cheerfull and pleasant humour [1431], he affected not at all austerity and gravity and to looke severe. [Vide [1432] page 47 of Mr. Hobbes considered—'Gravity and heavinesse of countenance are not so good marks of assurance of God's favour, as a chearfull, charitable, and upright behaviour, which are better signes of religion than the zealous maintaining of controverted doctrines.'] He desired not [1433] the reputation of his wisdome to be taken [1434] from the cutt of his beard, but from his reason—
<Beard.> Below, he was clean-shaven except for a little tip under his lip. Nature could have easily given him a wise-looking beard (Sapientem pascere barbam—Horat. Satyr. lib. 2), but since he was naturally cheerful and pleasant, he didn't try to look stern or serious. [See [1432] page 47 of Mr. Hobbes considered—'A serious and heavy demeanor is not as good an indicator of God's favor as a cheerful, charitable, and honest behavior, which are better signs of religion than passionately defending disputed doctrines.'] He didn't want [1433] his wisdom to be judged by the style of his beard, but by his reasoning—

Barba non facit philosophum. 'Il consiste tout en la pointe de sa barbe et en ses deux moustaches; et, par consequence, pour le diffaire il ne faut que trois coups de ciseau.'—Balzac, Lettres, tom. 2, p. 242.
Barba non facit philosophum. 'It all comes down to the tip of his beard and his two mustaches; therefore, to trim it, it only takes three snips of the scissors.'—Balzac, Lettres, tom. 2, p. 242.

[1435]Eie. He had a good eie, and that of a hazell colour, which was full of life and spirit, even to the last. When he was earnest in discourse, there shone (as it were) [Pg 349]a bright live-coale within it.[1436]He had two kind of looks:—when he laugh't, was witty, and in a merry humour, one could scarce see his eies; by and by, when he was serious and positive [1437], he open'd his eies round (i.e. his eie-lids). He had midling eies, not very big, nor very little (from Sir W P).
[1435]His eyes. He had nice eyes, a hazel color, full of life and energy, even until the end. When he was engaged in conversation, it seemed like a bright, glowing ember was shining within them.[1436]He had two different expressions: when he laughed, was witty, and in a good mood, you could barely see his eyes; then, when he became serious and assertive [1437], he would open his eyes wide (i.e. his eyelids). He had medium-sized eyes, not too big and not too small (from Sir W P).

[1438]Stature. He was six foote high, and something better (quaere James Wh), and went indifferently erect, or rather, considering his great age, very erect.
[1438]Stature. He was six feet tall, and maybe a bit more (ask James Wh), and stood pretty straight, or rather, given his old age, quite straight.

Sight; witt. His sight and witt continued to the last. He had a curious sharp sight, as he had a sharpe witt, which was also so sure and steady (and contrary to that men call brodwittednes) that I have heard him oftentimes say that in [1439]multiplying and dividing he [1440] never mistooke a figure: and so in other things.
Vision; intelligence. His vision and intelligence remained sharp till the end. He had a uniquely keen vision, just like he had a sharp mind, which was also very accurate and consistent (as opposed to what some might call brodwittedness). I have often heard him say that in [1439]multiplying and dividing he [1440] never confused a figure: and this was true in other matters too.

<Habits of body and mind.>

He thought much and with excellent method and stedinesse, which made him seldome make a false step.
He thought a lot and in a very systematic and steady way, which rarely caused him to make a mistake.

His bookes, vide page [1441] 22. [1442]☞ He had very few bookes. I never sawe (nor Sir William Petty) above halfe a dozen about him in his chamber. Homer and Virgil were commonly on his table; sometimes Xenophon, or some probable historie, and Greek Testament, or so.
His books, see page [1441] 22. [1442]☞ He had very few books. I never saw (nor did Sir William Petty) more than half a dozen around him in his room. Homer and Virgil were usually on his table; sometimes Xenophon or some other plausible history, and a Greek Testament, or something like that.

[1443]Reading. He had read much, if one considers his long life; but [1444] his contemplation was much more then his reading. He was wont to say that if he had read as much as other men, he [1445] should have knowne no more then other men.
[1443]Reading. He had read a lot, given his long life; but [1444] he thought deeply much more than he read. He would often say that if he had read as much as other people, he [1445] would have known no more than they did.

[1446]His physique. He seldome used any physique (quaere Sir W P). What 'twas I have forgot, [Pg 350]but will enquire of Mr. Shelbrooke his apothecary at the Black Spread-eagle in the Strand.
[1446]His build. He rarely relied on any physical presence (ask Sir William Petty). What it was, I've forgotten, [Pg 350]but I will ask Mr. Shelbrooke, his pharmacist at the Black Spread-eagle in the Strand.

Memorandum—Mr. Hobbes was very sick and like to dye at Bristoll-house in Queen Street, about 1668.
Memorandum—Mr. Hobbes was very ill and was close to dying at Bristoll-house on Queen Street, around 1668.

[1447]He had a sicknes, anno....
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__He had an illness, year....

He was wont to say that he had rather have the advice, or take physique from an experienced old woman, that had been at many sick people's bed-sides, then from the learnedst but unexperienced physitian.
He used to say that he would rather get advice or healing from an experienced old woman who had been at many sick people's bedsides than from the most educated but inexperienced doctor.

[1448]'Tis [1449] not consistent with an harmonicall soule to be a woman-hater, neither had he an abhorrescence to good wine but ...—this only inter nos.
[1448]It's [1449] not in line with a harmonious soul to hate women, nor did he have a dislike for good wine but ...—this is just between us.

[1450]Temperance and diet. He was, even in his youth, (generally) temperate, both as to wine and women, (et tamen haec omnia mediocriter)—
[1450]Temperance and diet. He was, even in his youth, generally moderate when it came to both alcohol and women, yet it was all in moderation.

Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.
Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.

I have heard him say that he did beleeve he had been in excesse [1451] in his life, a hundred times; which, considering his great [1452] age, did not amount to above once a yeare. When he did drinke, he would drinke to excesse to have the benefitt of vomiting, which he did easily; by which benefit neither his witt was disturbt longer then he was spuing nor his stomach oppressed; but he never was, nor could not endure to be, habitually a good fellow, i.e. to drinke every day wine with company, which, though not to drunkennesse, spoiles the braine.
I’ve heard him say that he believed he had overindulged in his life a hundred times; considering his old age, that didn't amount to more than once a year. When he drank, he would drink excessively to make himself throw up, which he could do easily; by that means, neither his mind was disturbed longer than he was throwing up, nor was his stomach troubled. But he was never able to be a habitual good fellow, meaning he couldn’t drink wine with friends every day, which, although not to the point of drunkenness, would still mess with his brain.

For his last 30+ yeares, his dyet, etc., was very moderate and regular. After sixty he dranke no wine, his stomach grew weak, and he did eate most fish, especially whitings, for he sayd he digested fish better then flesh. He rose about seaven, had [1453] his breakefast of bread and butter; and [Pg 351]tooke his walke, meditating till ten; then he did putt downe the minutes of his thoughts, which he penned in the afternoon.
For his last 30+ years, his diet and lifestyle were very moderate and regular. After turning sixty, he stopped drinking wine, his stomach became weak, and he mostly ate fish, especially whitings, because he said he digested fish better than meat. He got up around seven, had his breakfast of bread and butter, and then took a walk, thinking until ten; after that, he would jot down the key points of his thoughts, which he wrote down in the afternoon.

[1454]He had an inch thick board about 16 inches square, whereon paper was pasted. On this board he drew his lines (schemes). When a line came into his head, he would, as he was walking, take a rude memorandum of it, to preserve it in his memory till he came to his chamber. ☞ He was never idle; his thoughts were always working.
[1454]He had a board that was about an inch thick and 16 inches square, covered with paper. On this board, he drew his diagrams (plans). Whenever a thought came to him, he would jot down a rough note while walking to remember it until he got to his room. ☞ He was never idle; his mind was always active.

[1455]His dinner was provided for him exactly by eleaven, for he could not now stay till his lord's howre—scil. about two: that his stomach could not beare.
[1455]His dinner was served to him right at eleven, since he couldn’t wait until his lord's dinner time—namely around two—which his stomach couldn’t handle.

After dinner he tooke a pipe of tobacco, and then threw himselfe immediately on his bed, with his band off, and slept (tooke a nap of about halfe an howre).
After dinner, he took a pipe of tobacco and then immediately threw himself on his bed, with his shirt off, and slept (took a nap of about half an hour).

In the afternoon he penned his morning thoughts.
In the afternoon, he wrote down his thoughts from the morning.

Exercises. Besides his dayly walking, he did twice or thrice a yeare play at tennis [CXXII.] (at about 75 he did it); then went to bed there and was well rubbed [CXXIII.]. This he did believe would make him live two or three yeares the longer.
Exercises. In addition to his daily walks, he played tennis two or three times a year (he did this around age 75); then he would go to bed and get a good rubdown. He believed this would help him live two or three years longer.

[CXXII.] Quaere James Wheldon de hoc—how often, and to what age?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
[CXXII.] Ask James Wheldon about this—how often, and until what age?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.

[CXXIII.] Memorandum there was no bagnio in his time. That in Newgate Street was built about the time of his death.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
[CXXIII.] Memorandum there was no brothel in his time. That in Newgate Street was built around the time of his death.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.

[1456]In the countrey, for want of a tennis-court, he would walke up-hill and downe-hill in the parke, till he was in a great sweat, and then give the servant some money to rubbe him.
[1456]In the countryside, because there was no tennis court, he would walk up and down the park until he was really sweaty, and then he would give the servant some money to massage him.

[1457]Prudence. He gave to his amanuensis, James Wheldon (the earle of Devon's baker; who writes a delicate hand), his pention at Leicester, yearly, to wayte on him, and take a care of him, which he did performe to him living and dying, with great respect and diligence: for which consideration he made him his executor.
[1457]Prudence. He gave his assistant, James Wheldon (the earl of Devon's baker; who has a graceful handwriting), his pension at Leicester each year, to attend to him and take care of him, which he did with great respect and dedication, both in life and at death: for this reason, he appointed him as his executor.

Habit. In cold weather he commonly wore a black velvet coate, lined with furre; if not, some other coate so lined. But all the yeare he wore a kind of bootes [1458] of [Pg 352]Spanish leather, laced or tyed along the sides with black ribons.
Outfit. In cold weather, he usually wore a black velvet coat lined with fur; if not, then another coat with a similar lining. But throughout the year, he wore a type of boots [1458] made of Spanish leather, laced or tied along the sides with black ribbons. [Pg 352]

Singing. He had alwayes bookes of prick-song lyeing on his table:—e.g. of H. Lawes' etc. Songs—which at night, when he was abed, and the dores made fast, and was sure nobody heard him, he sang aloud (not that he had a very good voice) but [1459] for his health's sake: he did beleeve it did his lunges good, and conduced much to prolong his life.
Singing. He always had books of sheet music lying on his table—like those by H. Lawes, etc. Songs—which at night, when he was in bed, the doors locked, and he was sure no one could hear him, he sang out loud (not that he had a very good voice) but [1459] for his health's sake: he believed it was good for his lungs and really helped extend his life.

[1460]Shaking palsey. He had the shaking palsey in his handes; which began in France before the yeare 1650, and haz growne upon him by degrees, ever since, so that he haz not been able to write very legibly since 1665 or 1666, as I find by some of his letters [1461] to me.
[1460]Tremors. He has had tremors in his hands, which started in France before 1650, and it has gradually gotten worse since then, so he hasn’t been able to write very legibly since 1665 or 1666, based on some of his letters [1461] to me.

<His readiness to help with advice and money.>

[1462]His goodnes of nature and willingnes to instruct any one that was willing to be informed and modestly desired it, which I am a witnesse of as to my owne part and also to others.
[1462]His kindness and eagerness to teach anyone who genuinely wanted to learn and asked politely, which I can attest to from my own experience and that of others.

[1463]Charity. His brotherly love to his kinred hath already been spoken of. He was very charitable (pro suo modulo) to those that were true objects of his bounty [1464]. One time, I remember, goeing in the Strand, a poor and infirme old man craved [1465] his almes. He, beholding him with eies of pitty and compassion, putt his hand in his pocket, and gave him 6d. Sayd [1466] a divine (scil. Dr. Jaspar Mayne) that stood by—'Would you have donne this, if it had not been Christ's command?'—'Yea,' sayd he.—'Why?' quoth the other.—'Because,' sayd he, 'I was in paine to consider [1467] the miserable condition of the old man; and now my almes, giving him some reliefe, doth also ease me.'
[1463]Charity. His brotherly love for his family has already been mentioned. He was very charitable (in his own way) to those who were truly deserving of his help [1464]. I remember one time when I was walking in the Strand, a poor and frail old man asked [1465] for some charity. He looked at him with eyes of pity and compassion, reached into his pocket, and gave him 6d. A divine (specifically, Dr. Jaspar Mayne) who was nearby said, 'Would you have done this if it weren't Christ's command?'—'Yes,' he replied.—'Why?' asked the other.—'Because,' he said, 'it pained me to think about the miserable condition of the old man; and now my charity, by giving him some relief, also eases my own discomfort.'

[Pg 353]
[Pg 353]

<Slanders concerning him.>

Aspersions and envy. His work was attended with envy, which threw severall aspersions and false reports on him. For instance, one (common) was that he was afrayd to lye alone at night in his chamber, [I have often heard him say that he was not afrayd of of sprights, but afrayd of being knockt on the head [1468] for five or ten pounds, which rogues might thinke he had [1469] in his chamber]; and severall other tales, as untrue.
Aspersions and envy. His work was met with envy, which led to various false accusations and rumors about him. For example, a common one was that he was afraid to sleep alone at night in his room. [I have often heard him say that he wasn’t afraid of ghosts, but afraid of getting hit on the head [1468] for five or ten pounds, which thieves might think he had [1469] in his room]; and several other stories, just as untrue.

I have heard some positively affirme that he had a yearly pension from the king of France,—possibly for having asserted such a monarchie as the king of France exercises, but for what other grounds I know not, unles it be for that the present [1470] king of France is reputed an encourager of choice and able men in all faculties who can contribute to his greatnes. I never heard him speake of any such thing; and, since his death, I have inquired of his most intimate friends in Derbyshire, who write to me they never heard of any such thing. Had it been so, he, nor they, ought to have been ashamed of it, and it had been becoming the munificence of so great a prince to have donne it.
I have heard some people confidently say that he received an annual pension from the king of France—possibly for supporting the kind of monarchy that the king of France practices—but I don’t know the specific reasons, unless it’s because the current king of France is known for encouraging talented and capable people in all fields who can contribute to his greatness. I never heard him mention anything like that; and after his death, I asked his closest friends in Derbyshire, who told me they had never heard of anything like it either. If it were true, neither he nor they would have been ashamed of it, and it would have been fitting for such a generous king to have done it.

Atheisme [1471]. Testimonie [1472]. For his being branded with atheisme, his writings and vertuous life testifie [1473] against it. No man hath written better of ..., perhaps not so well. To prevent such false and malicious reports, I thought fit to insert and affirme as abovesayd.[1474]And that he was a Christian 'tis cleare, for he recieved the sacrament of Dr. Pierson, and in his confession to Dr. John Cosins, at ..., on his (as he thought) death-bed, declared that he liked the religion of the church of England best of all other.
Atheism [1471]. Testimony [1472]. Despite being labeled as an atheist, his writings and virtuous life testify [1473] against it. No one has written better about ..., perhaps not as well. To counter such false and malicious claims, I thought it was appropriate to state and affirm as mentioned above.[1474] And it is clear that he was a Christian, for he received the sacrament from Dr. Pierson, and in his confession to Dr. John Cosins, at ..., on what he believed to be his deathbed, he expressed that he preferred the religion of the Church of England above all others.

[Pg 354]
[Pg 354]

He would have the worship of God performed with musique (ad me[1475]).
He would have the worship of God done with music (ad me[1475]).

<Addenda.>

[1476]Though he left his native countrey [1477] at 14, and lived so long, yet sometimes one might find a little touch of our pronunciation.—Old Sir Thomas Malette [1478], one of the judges of the King's Bench, knew Sir Walter Ralegh, and sayd that, notwithstanding his great travells, conversation, learning, etc., yet he spake broade Devonshire to his dyeing day.
[1476]Even though he left his home country [1477] at 14 and lived for so long, you could still occasionally hear a hint of our accent.—Old Sir Thomas Malette [1478], one of the judges of the King's Bench, knew Sir Walter Ralegh and said that, despite his extensive travels, conversations, knowledge, etc., he still spoke with a strong Devonshire accent until the day he died.

[1479]Memorandum—'twas he (as he him selfe haz told me) that the method of the oeconomie of the earle of Devon's family and way of stating or keeping of the accounts.
[1479]Memorandum—he's the one (as he himself has told me) that the method of managing the Earl of Devon's family finances and the system for keeping the accounts.

<Portraits of Hobbes.>

[1480]Desire Sir Christopher Wren or Mr. Thomas Henshawe to speake to the king for his picture [1481] of Mr. Hobbes for Mr. Loggan to engrave it.
.[1480]I ask Sir Christopher Wren or Mr. Thomas Henshawe to talk to the king about getting his portrait [1481] of Mr. Hobbes for Mr. Loggan to engrave it.

[1482]He did, anno 16.. (vide the date [1483], which is on the backside) doe me the honour to sitt for his picture to Jo. Baptist Caspars, an excellent painter, and 'tis a good piece, which I presented to the Societie 12 yeares since (but will it not be improper for me to mention my owne guift?).
[1482]He did, in the year 16.. (see the date [1483], which is on the back) honor me by sitting for his portrait by Jo. Baptist Caspars, a talented painter, and it’s a great piece that I presented to the Society 12 years ago (but is it inappropriate for me to mention my own gift?).

[1484]Hanc
Thomae Hobbes
Malmesburiensis effigiem
ad vivum depictam (1663)
Regiae Societati
Londinensi
[Pg 355] D.D.D.
Johannes Aubrey
de Easton-Piers
ejusdem Soc.
S.
1670.
[1484]Here
Thomas Hobbes
of Malmesbury, depicted
from life (1663)
Royal Society
of London
[Pg 355] D.D.D.
John Aubrey
of Easton-Piers
of the same Society.
S.
1670.

Gett a brasse wyer to hang it [1485] by.
Get a brass wire to hang it [1485] by.

[1486]Mr. Hobbes's motto upon his owne picture at Sir Charles Scarborough's:—
[1486]Mr. Hobbes's motto on his own portrait at Sir Charles Scarborough's:—

If you want to know about my character, ask about it: but that one Whoever asks about me might be someone else.

(Sir Charles Scarborough confessed to me that he made this distich.)
(Sir Charles Scarborough admitted to me that he created this couplet.)

[1487]Memorandum—there was a good painter at the earl of Devonshire's in Derbyshire not long before Mr. Hobbes dyed, who drew him with the great decayes of old age. Mr. William Ball hath a good copie of it.
[1487]Memorandum—there was a skilled painter at the Earl of Devonshire’s in Derbyshire not long before Mr. Hobbes passed away, who portrayed him with the significant signs of old age. Mr. William Ball has a good copy of it.

[1488]His motto about his picture:—
His motto about his picture:—

En quam modicè habitat philosophia.
Philosophy lives in moderation.

<His seal.>

[1489]This—
This—

..., a bend engrailed between 6 martletts ..., was the seale [FV] he commonly sealed his letters with, but 'twas not his coate.
..., a bend with a wavy edge between 6 martlets ..., was the seal [FV] he usually used to seal his letters, but it wasn't his coat of arms.

Quare whose coate it may be—if Hobbes?
Quare whose coat it might be—if Hobbes?

Quaere James Wheldon the executor if this be his coate of armes—for 'tis some seale—and what the colours are.—Respondet that the heralds did offer him a coat of armes but he refused it.
Ask James Wheldon, the executor, if this is his coat of arms—because it’s some kind of seal—and what the colors are.—He replies that the heralds offered him a coat of arms, but he turned it down.

<He was 'plebeius homo.'>

[1490]Sir William Dugdale (Clarenceux), and Sir Edward Bisshe, the heralds, had an esteeme and respect for him, [Pg 356]in so much that they would have graunted him a coate of armes; but he refused it—which methinkes he neede [1491] not have donne.
[1490]Sir William Dugdale (Clarenceux) and Sir Edward Bisshe, the heralds, held him in high regard and respect, [Pg 356]to the point that they would have granted him a coat of arms; but he turned it down—which I think he didn’t need to do.

Vide Alexander Broome's poemes:—
See Alexander Broome's poems:—

He who has a brave spirit and dares to act with honesty He is a herald to himself and a godfather as well.

[1492]Vide Ben Jonson's Underwoods—that 'the most worthy men have been rock't in meane cradles.'
[1492]See Ben Jonson's Underwoods—that 'the most deserving people have been raised in humble beginnings.'

<His sayings.>

[1493]'Tis of custome in the lives of wise men to putt downe their sayings. Now if trueth (uncommon) delivered clearly and wittily may goe [1494] for a saying, his common discourse was full of them, and which for the most part were sharpe and significant.
[1493]It's customary for wise people to document their words. Now, if the truth (though rare) is expressed clearly and cleverly, it can be considered a saying; his everyday conversations were full of such insights, which were mostly sharp and meaningful.

Here insert the two printed papers of his sayings.
Here insert the two printed sheets of his quotes.

[1495]Quaere Mr. Ben. Tuke at the Ship in Paule's Church-yard for the paper of his sayings, which Dr. Francis Bernard and his brother Charles, etc.—a club—made.
[1495]Ask Mr. Ben. Tuke at the Ship in Paul's Churchyard for the collection of his quotes that Dr. Francis Bernard and his brother Charles, along with others—a group—put together.

[1496]The sheet [1497] of old Mr. Hobbes sayings was not published by his executor, as is there printed. 'Twas (indeed) donne by Mr. ... Blunt, Sir Henry Blunt's sonne, and 'tis well donne.
[1496]The sheet [1497] of old Mr. Hobbes' sayings wasn’t published by his executor, as printed. It was actually done by Mr. ... Blunt, the son of Sir Henry Blunt, and it’s well done.

[1498]I sayd, somewhere before, that (though he was ready and happy in repartying in drollery) he did not care [1499] to give a present answer to a question, unless he had thoroughly considered it before: for he was against 'too hasty concluding,' which he did endeavour as much as he could to avoid.—This is in p. 12 [1500].
[1498]I mentioned earlier that (even though he was quick and enjoyed joking around) he didn’t like [1499] to give an immediate response to a question unless he had really thought it through first: he was against making 'snap judgments,’ which he tried to avoid as much as possible.—This is in p. 12 [1500].

[Pg 357]
[Pg 357]

[1501]Thomas Hobbs that if it were not for the gallowes, some men are of so cruell a nature as to take a delight [1502] in killing men [FW] more than I should to kill a bird.—Entred [1503] in idea.
[1501]Thomas Hobbes said that if it weren’t for the gallows, some men are so cruel by nature that they find joy in killing people more than I would find joy in killing a bird.—Entered [1503] in idea.

[1504]When Spinoza's Tractatus Theologico-Politicus first came out <1670>, Mr. Edmund Waller sent it to my lord of Devonshire and desired him to send him word what Mr. Hobbes said of it. Mr. H. told his lordship:—
[1504]When Spinoza's Tractatus Theologico-Politicus was first published <1670>, Mr. Edmund Waller sent it to my lord of Devonshire and asked him to let him know what Mr. Hobbes thought about it. Mr. H. told his lordship:—

Ne judicate ne judicemini [1505].
Do not judge, or you will be judged __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

He told me he had cut thorough him a barre's length, for he durst not write so boldly.
He told me he had cut through him a bar's length, because he didn't dare to write so boldly.

[1506]I have heard him inveigh much against the crueltie of Moyses for putting so many thousands to the sword for bowing to [1507] ... vide text.
[1506]I've heard him strongly criticize Moses for killing so many thousands for bowing to [1507] ... see text.

I have heard him say that Aristotle was the worst teacher that ever was, the worst polititian and ethick—a countrey-fellow that could live in the world as good: but his rhetorique and discourse of animals was rare.
I’ve heard him say that Aristotle was the worst teacher ever, the worst politician and ethicist—a country guy who could live in the world would be just as good; but his rhetoric and discussions about animals were exceptional.

[1508]T. H.'s saying:—rather use an old woman [1509] that had many yeares been at sick people's bedsides, then the learnedst young unpractised physitian.
[1508]T. H.'s saying:—it's better to trust an elderly woman [1509] who has spent many years by the bedsides of sick people than the most knowledgeable but inexperienced young doctor.

[1510]☞ I remember he was wont to say that 'old men were drowned inwardly, by their owne moysture; e.g. first, the feet swell; then, the legges; then, the belly; etc.'—This saying may be brought in, perhaps, as to the paragraph of his sicknesse and death.
[1510]☞ I remember he used to say that 'old men are drowned internally by their own moisture; for example, first the feet swell; then the legs; then the belly; and so on.'—This saying might be relevant to the section about his illness and death.

Elizabeth, viscountesse Purbec. When Mr. T. Hobbes was sick in France, the divines came to him, and tormented him (both Roman Catholic, Church of England, and Geneva). Sayd he to them 'Let me alone, [Pg 358]or els I will detect all your cheates from Aaron to yourselves.' I thinke I have heard him speake something to this purpose.
Elizabeth, Viscountess Purbec. When Mr. T. Hobbes was ill in France, the theologians came to him and troubled him (both Roman Catholic, Church of England, and Geneva). He told them, 'Leave me alone, [Pg 358] or I will expose all your tricks from Aaron to you.' I think I've heard him say something like this.

Mr. Edmund Waller sayd to me, when I desired him to write some verses in praise of him, that he was afrayd of the churchmen: he quoted Horace—
Mr. Edmund Waller told me, when I asked him to write some verses in his praise, that he was afraid of the church people: he quoted Horace—

Walking through fire Suppositories for malicious ash:

that, what was chiefly to be taken notice of in his elogie was that he, being but one, and a private person, pulled-downe all the churches, dispelled the mists of ignorance, and layd-open their priest-craft.
What stood out most in his praise was that he, being just one person and a private individual, brought down all the churches, cleared away the fog of ignorance, and exposed their deceitful practices.

<His writings.>

v, is a memorandum 'An exact Catalogue of all the bookes he wrote,' with a mark showing that it was to be brought in before the notice of Hobbes's death, supra, p. 346. MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22, is headed 'Catalogus librorum ab autore scriptorum,' and is left blank for their insertion.
v, there's a note saying 'An exact Catalogue of all the books he wrote,' with a mark indicating that it was meant to be presented before news of Hobbes' death, supra, p. 346. MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22, is titled 'Catalogus librorum ab autore scriptorum,' and is left blank for entries.

In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v, is James Wheldon's answer to the inquiry suggested (ut supra) on fol. 53^v:—viz.>
In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v, is James Wheldon's response to the question posed (ut supra) on fol. 53^v:—namely.

[1511]A Catalogue of his bookes.

His Latine poem of the wonders of the Peake.
His Latin poem on the wonders of the Peak.

His translation of Thucidides out of Greek into English.
His translation of Thucydides from Greek to English.

His Humane nature, and De corpore politico in English.
His Humane Nature and De Corpore Politico in English.

His Leviathan in English.
His Leviathan in English.

{De corpore }
His philosophy in three parts {De homine } in Latine.
{De cive }

{About the Body}
His philosophy in three parts {On Man } in Latin.
{About the Citizen}

His dialogue of the Civill Warr, in English, printed lately against his will.
His dialogue of the Civill Warr, in English, was recently published against his wishes.

Of his disputations with Dr. Wallis and what he has written in philosophy and mathematicks Mr. Crook can best give you the titles with the order and times of their edition, some Latine, some English; as also of
Of his debates with Dr. Wallis and what he's written in philosophy and mathematics, Mr. Crook can give you the titles along with the order and dates of their publication, some in Latin, some in English; as well as of

His translation of the Odysses and Iliads of Homer.
His translation of The Odyssey and Iliad by Homer.

[Pg 359]
[Pg 359]

There is also a small peece in English called A Breefe of Aristotle's Rhetorick printed by Andrew Crooke, which was his, though his name be not to it.
There is also a small piece in English called A Breefe of Aristotle's Rhetorick printed by Andrew Crooke, which was his, although his name isn't on it.

There is a little booke called Mr. Hobbes considered, wherein there is some passages relating to his life.
There is a little book called Mr. Hobbes Considered, where there are some sections related to his life.

v, Aubrey notes the omission of a list of Hobbes's writings, and on fol. 55 he adds a transcript (with some notes of his own) of a list by William Crooke, Hobbes' publisher, supplementary to that given in Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon. ii. 377.>
v, Aubrey points out that there's no list of Hobbes's writings, and on fol. 55 he includes a copy (along with some of his own notes) of a list by William Crooke, Hobbes' publisher, which is additional to the one provided in Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon. ii. 377.>

[1512]I have no time now (in this transcript) to write the catalogue of his bookes, and I thought to have sent your paper [1513] (which I keepe safe) but Dr. Blackburne desires the perusall of it.—This catalogue here I received last night from William Crooke.
[1512]I don't have time right now (in this transcript) to write the list of his books, and I intended to send you the paper [1513] (which I'm keeping safe) but Dr. Blackburne wants to review it.—I received this list last night from William Crooke.

[1514]A supplement to Mr. A.[1515] Wood's catalogue (in his 'History') of Mr. Hobbes his workes: viz.—
[1514]A supplement to Mr. A.[1515] Wood's catalog (in his 'History') of Mr. Hobbes' works: namely—

The travells of Ulysses, being the translation of the 9, 10, and 11 bookes of Homer's Odysses into English; London, printed 1674.
The travels of Ulysses, translated from books 9, 10, and 11 of Homer's Odyssey into English; London, printed 1674.

Epistola ad D. Ant. à Wood, Latin, 1675 [1516].
Epistola ad D. Ant. à Wood, Latin, 1675 [1516].

A translation of the 24 bookes of Homer's Iliads and the 24 bookes of his Odysses.
A translation of the 24 books of Homer's Iliad and the 24 books of his Odyssey.

Also, his preface about the vertues of heroique poesie, in English, printed 1675, and 1677.
Also, his introduction about the virtues of heroic poetry, in English, printed in 1675 and 1677.

A letter to the duke of Newcastle about liberty and necessity, printed 1676, and 1677. [I have this somewhere among my bookes, printed about 30 yeares since. It was edited first by John Davys of Kidwelly; and there is a preface to it with S. W., i.e. Seth Ward, who then had a high esteeme of him.]
A letter to the Duke of Newcastle about liberty and necessity, printed in 1676 and 1677. [I have this somewhere among my books, printed about 30 years ago. It was first edited by John Davys of Kidwelly, and there's a preface to it by S. W., meaning Seth Ward, who had a high regard for him at that time.]

[Pg 360]
[Pg 360]

De Mirabilibus Pecci [1517]—English and Latin, 1678—a New-year's guift to his lord, who gave him 5 li., about 1627.
De Mirabilibus Pecci [1517]—English and Latin, 1678—a New Year's gift to his lord, who gave him 5 li., around 1627.

Decameron Physiologicum, or ten dialogues of naturall philosophy, to which is added the proportion of straight line to halfe the arc of quadrant, English, 1678 [1518].
Decameron Physiologicum, or ten dialogues of natural philosophy, to which is added the ratio of a straight line to half the arc of a quadrant, English, 1678 [1518].

Considerations upon the reputation, loyalty, manners, and religion of Thomas Hobbes, written by himselfe, printed 1680, with part of severall of his letters to W. Crooke.—[This [1519] was first printed by Andrew Crooke 1662, ἀνονυμῶς.]
Considerations on the reputation, loyalty, manners, and religion of Thomas Hobbes, written by himself, published in 1680, along with parts of several of his letters to W. Crooke.—[This [1519] was first published by Andrew Crooke in 1662, anonymously.]

Vita Thomae Hobbes, 4to, printed 1680; in Latin verse; quarto.
Vita Thomae Hobbes, 4to, printed 1680; in Latin verse; quarto.

Idem, in English, translated by ...; 1680, folio.
Idem, in English, translated by ...; 1680, folio.

An historicall narration concerning heresie and the punishment thereof, English, 1680.
A historical account regarding heresy and its punishment, English, 1680.

[Where [1520] is the book against Dr. Wallis in 4to that came out in Jan. 1679/80?].
[Where [1520] is the book against Dr. Wallis in 4to that came out in Jan. 1679/80?].

[1521]He haz omitted here Aristotel's Rhetorique, printed long since by Andrew Crooke, but without his name; but Dr. Blackburne, W. Crooke, and I will lay our heads together and sett these things right.
[1521]He has left out Aristotle's Rhetoric, which was published a long time ago by Andrew Crooke, but without his name; however, Dr. Blackburne, W. Crooke, and I will get together and sort these things out.

☞ It ought not to be forgotten that there is before Sir William Davenant's heroique poem called Gondibert, a learned epistle of Mr. Hobbes's concerning poetrie, in answer to Sir William's.
☞ It shouldn't be forgotten that in front of Sir William Davenant's heroic poem called Gondibert, there is a detailed letter from Mr. Hobbes about poetry, responding to Sir William's.

And there is also a shorter letter of Mr. Hobbes's, which the Honourable ... Howard has printed before his heroique poem, 8vo, called I thinke Bonduca, about 1668 or 9.
And there’s also a shorter letter from Mr. Hobbes that the Honorable ... Howard printed before his heroic poem, 8vo, called I think Bonduca, around 1668 or 1669.

Mr. Hobbes wrote a letter to ... (a colonell, as I remember) concerning Dr. Scargill's recantation sermon, preached at Cambridge, about 1670, which he putt into Sir John Birkenhead's hands to be licensed, which he [Pg 361]refused (to collogue and flatter the bishops), and would not returne it nor give a copie. Mr. Hobbes kept no copie, for which he was sorry. He told me he liked it well himselfe.—[1522]Dr.[1523] Birket, my old acquaintance, hath the ordering of Sir John Birkenhead's bookes and papers. He hath not found it yet but hath found a letter of Mr. Hobbes to him about it, and hath promised me if he finds it to let me have it. ☞ Memorandum—Sir Charles Scarborough told me that he haz a copie of it, but I could not obtaine it of him; but I will try again, if Dr. Birket cannot find it.
Mr. Hobbes wrote a letter to ... (a colonel, if I remember correctly) about Dr. Scargill's sermon on recantation, which he preached at Cambridge around 1670. He gave it to Sir John Birkenhead for review, but Sir John refused to license it (to collude and flatter the bishops) and didn’t return it or provide a copy. Mr. Hobbes didn’t keep a copy, which he regretted. He told me he thought it was good himself. — Dr. Birket, my old friend, manages Sir John Birkenhead's books and papers. He hasn’t found it yet but has come across a letter from Mr. Hobbes to him about it and has promised me that if he finds it, he’ll let me have it. ☞ Note—Sir Charles Scarborough mentioned he has a copy of it, but I couldn’t get it from him; I’ll attempt again if Dr. Birket can’t locate it.

<Notes about his writings.>

His Latin Leviathan is altered in many particulars, e.g. the doctrine of the Trinity, etc., and enlarged with many considerable particulars.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
His Latin Leviathan is changed in many ways, such as the concept of the Trinity, and it has been expanded with several important details.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

The Leviathan is translated into Dutch.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.
The Leviathan is translated into Dutch.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.

Quaere Ph. Laurence what volume the Dutch Leviathan printed and what volumine.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.
Quaere Ph. Laurence what volume the Dutch Leviathan printed and what volume. —MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.

Humane Nature, London, by Thomas Newcombe, 1650, 12mo.—Anno 1684/5 is printed by Mr. Crooke Humane Nature, and Libertie and Necessity, in 8vo, which they call his 'Tripos.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.
Humane Nature, London, by Thomas Newcombe, 1650, 12mo.—In 1684/5, Mr. Crooke prints Humane Nature and Libertie and Necessity, in 8vo, which they refer to as his 'Tripos.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.

Before Thucydides, he spent two yeares in reading romances and playes, which he haz often repented and sayd that these two yeares were lost of him—wherin perhaps he was mistaken too. For it might furnish him with copie of words.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
Before Thucydides, he spent two years reading romances and plays, which he often regretted and said those two years were wasted—though perhaps he was wrong about that. It might have given him a wealth of words.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

Thucydides, London, imprinted for Richard Mynne in Little Brittain at the signe of St. Paul, MDCXXXIV.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.
Thucydides, London, printed for Richard Mynne in Little Britain at the sign of St. Paul, 1634.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.

[Pg 362]
[Pg 362]

Mr. Henry Birchit of the Middle Temple promised to gett for me Mr. Hobbes' letter to ... of Mr. Scargill's recantation, which he left with Sir John Birkenhead.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
Mr. Henry Birchit from the Middle Temple promised to get me Mr. Hobbes' letter regarding Mr. Scargill's recantation, which he left with Sir John Birkenhead.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.

T. Hobbes—quaere Mr. H. Birchet de letter of Scargill's recantation which Sir John Birkenhead would not licence.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8.
T. Hobbes—ask Mr. H. Birchet about the letter of Scargill's recantation that Sir John Birkenhead would not approve.—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8.

(1) A folio sheet [1524], headed
A folio sheet __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, titled

'To the right honorable and others the learned members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, presenteth to your consideration your most humble servant Thomas Hobbes (who hath spent much time upon the same subject) two propositions, whereof the one is lately published by Dr. Wallis, a member of your society....
To the respected members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, I, Thomas Hobbes, your humble servant who has spent considerable time on this topic, present for your consideration two propositions, one of which was recently published by Dr. Wallis, a member of your society....

Dr. Wallis: de motu, cap. 5. prop. 1. | Thomas Hobbes, Roset. prop. 5.'
Dr. Wallis: On Motion, ch. 5, prop. 1. | Thomas Hobbes, Rhetoric, prop. 5.

(2) A quarto sheet [1525], headed:
A quarto sheet, headed:

'To the right honourable and others the learned members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, presenteth to your consideration your most humble servant Thomas Hobbes a confutation of a theoreme which hath a long time passed for truth.'
'To the right honorable and other esteemed members of the Royal Society for the Advancement of the Sciences, I present to you, your most humble servant, Thomas Hobbes, a rebuttal of a theory that has long been accepted as truth.'

(3) A quarto tract [1526] (the 'Propositions' occupy 3 pages, the 'Considerations,' 4 pages), entitled:—
(3) A quarto tract [1526] (the 'Propositions' take up 3 pages, the 'Considerations' take up 4 pages), titled:—

'Three papers presented to the Royal Society against Dr. Wallis, together with considerations on Dr. Wallis his answers to them, by Thomas Hobbes of Malmsbury; London, printed for the author and are to be had at the Green Dragon without Temple Bar: 1671.'>
'Three papers presented to the Royal Society against Dr. Wallis, along with thoughts on Dr. Wallis's responses to them, by Thomas Hobbes of Malmsbury; London, printed for the author and available at the Green Dragon without Temple Bar: 1671.'

With Mr. Hobbes's small tracts inscribed to the Royal Society came a letter offering that some of the small pieces of his might be published in the Transactions; which was [Pg 363]not donne, through Mr. Oldenburgh's default.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.
With Mr. Hobbes's short writings dedicated to the Royal Society came a letter suggesting that some of his shorter pieces could be published in the Transactions; which was [Pg 363]not done, due to Mr. Oldenburgh's oversight.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.

'Thomae Hobbesii Malmesburiensis vita, authore seipso [1527], Londini, typis, anno MDCLXXIX.'
'The life of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, written by himself [1527], London, printed in the year 1679.'

The last two lines of it are:—
The last two lines of it are:—

I just turned eighty-four And standing nearby, Death says to me, "Don’t be afraid."

On these Aubrey notes (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 68^v)—
On these Aubrey notes (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 68^v)—

'These two last verses Dr. Blackburne altered (because of qu[=a] in quatuor, long) in the copie printed with Mr. Hobbes's life in Latine, and some other alterations he made, but me thinkes the sense is not so brisque.'>
'These last two verses were changed by Dr. Blackburne (because of qu[=a] in quatuor, long) in the copy printed with Mr. Hobbes's life in Latin, along with some other changes he made, but I think the meaning is not as lively.'

What did he write since he left London? Quaere executor.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.
What did he write since he left London? Ask executor.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.

His executor acquaints William Crooke (the author's printer [1528]) and me, in a lettre [1529] under his hand January 16, 1679, that neither Mr. Halleley (Mr. Hobbes's intimate friend and confident) nor him selfe have any thing in either of their hands of Mr. Hobbes's, the very little of that kind that he left behind him being disposed of 'according to his own order' before he removed from Chatsworth. Quaere what was that order?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.
His executor informs William Crooke (the author's printer [1528]) and me, in a letter [1529] dated January 16, 1679, that neither Mr. Halleley (Mr. Hobbes's close friend and confidant) nor himself has anything belonging to Mr. Hobbes, as the very little of that kind he left behind was taken care of 'according to his own order' before he left Chatsworth. The question is, what was that order?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.

Mr. Thomas Hobbes in MSS.
Mr. Thomas Hobbes has left in manuscripts.

----A dialogue concerning the common lawes.
A discussion about the common laws.

----An epitome of the Civil Warres of England from 1640 to 1660.
An overview of the English Civil Wars from 1640 to 1660.

----Answer to The Catching of the Leviathan by Dr. Bramhall.
----Answer to The Catching of the Leviathan by Dr. Bramhall.

----A historical narration concerning heresy and the punishment thereof.—MS. Aubr. 9, a slip at fol. 27^v.
----A historical account about heresy and the punishment for it.—MS. Aubr. 9, a slip at fol. 27^v.

Translation of 1, 9, 10, 11 and 1<2> bookes of Homer's Odysses in English verse.
Translation of 1, 9, 10, 11 and 1<2> books of Homer's Odyssey in English verse.

[Pg 364]
[Pg 364]

Ecclesiastica Historia in Latin verse, Amsterdam.—MS. Aubr. 9, a slip pasted on to fol. 27^v.
Ecclesiastica Historia in Latin verse, Amsterdam.—MS. Aubr. 9, a slip pasted onto fol. 27^v.

Quaere Dr. Blackbourn and Mr. Crooke to know where lies or what is become of Mr. Hobbes' Historia Ecclesiastica Romana? Resp.—Dr. Blackbourne haz it; gett copie of it.—MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8^v.
Quaere Dr. Blackbourn and Mr. Crooke to find out where Mr. Hobbes' Historia Ecclesiastica Romana is or what has happened to it? Response—Dr. Blackbourne has it; get a copy of it.—MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8^v.

In May 1688, his Ecclesiastica Historia carmine elegiaco conscripta, in Latin verse, was printed at Augusta Trinobantum, scil. London. The preface was writt by Mr. Thomas Rymer, of Graie's Inne, but ἀνονυμῶς.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
In May 1688, his Ecclesiastica Historia carmine elegiaco conscripta, in Latin verse, was published in London. The preface was written by Mr. Thomas Rymer of Gray's Inn, but anonymously.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.

Memorandum.—Mr. Hobbes told me he would write, in three columnes, his doctrine, the objections, and his answers, and deposit [1530] it in the earle of Devon's library at ... in Derbyshire. Dr. Bayly, principall of New-Innhall in Oxon, tells me he hath seen it there.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 2.
Memorandum.—Mr. Hobbes mentioned that he would write, in three columns, his doctrine, the objections, and his answers, and then store it in the Earl of Devon's library at ... in Derbyshire. Dr. Bayly, head of New-Innhall in Oxford, told me he has seen it there.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 2.

'Mr. Hobbes considered in his loyalty, religion, reputation, and manners, by way of letter to Dr. Wallis'; London, printed for Andrew Crooke, 1662.
'Mr. Hobbes reflected on his loyalty, faith, reputation, and behavior in a letter to Dr. Wallis'; London, printed for Andrew Crooke, 1662.

On the title-page Aubrey has the note:—
On the title page, Aubrey has the note:—

'This letter was writt (indeed) by Mr. Thomas Hobbes himselfe—Jo. Aubrey de Easton-Pierse':
'This letter was written by Mr. Thomas Hobbes himself—Jo. Aubrey de Easton-Pierse:'

and at the end
and at the end

'The second impression [1531] of this booke was from this very booke of mine.—'Twas not to be bought.'>
'The second impression [1531] of this book of mine.—It couldn’t be bought.'

<Verses by him.>

[1532]Insert the love verses he made not long before his death:—
[1532]Insert the love poems he wrote shortly before he passed away:—

[1533]1.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__1.

Though I am now over ninety, and too old To expect advancement in the court of Cupid,
And many winters have made me feel so cold. I've become almost completely stupid,

[Pg 365]
[Pg 365]

2.
2.

But I can love and have a mistress too,
As fair as possible and as wise as fair; And yet, neither proud nor anything will do. To leave me in despair over her favor.

3.
3.

To reveal who she is was quite bold; But if you find that you are the character yourself, Don't assume the man is a fool just because he's old. Who loves a beautiful body also loves a more beautiful mind.

[1534]Catalogue [1535] of his learned familiar friends and acquaintances, besides those already mentioned, that I remember him to have spoken of.
[1534]List [1535] of his educated friends and acquaintances, in addition to those already mentioned, that I recall him discussing.

Mr. Benjamin Johnson, Poet-Laureat, was his loving and familiar friend and acquaintance.
Mr. Benjamin Johnson, Poet Laureate, was his close and affectionate friend and acquaintance.

Aiton, Scoto-Britannus, a good poet and critique and good scholar. He was neerly related to his lord's lady (Bruce). And he desired Ben: Johnson, and this gentleman, to give their judgement on his style of his translation of Thucydides.[1536]He lyes buryd in Westminster Abbey, and hath there an elegant monument and inscription [1537], which I will insert here or so much as may be pertinent.
Sir Robert Aiton, Scoto-Britannus, a talented poet, critic, and scholar. He was closely related to his lord's wife (Bruce). He asked Ben Johnson and this gentleman to give their opinion on his translation style of Thucydides.[1536]He is buried in Westminster Abbey, where he has an elegant monument and inscription [1537], which I will include here or as much as is relevant.

Memorandum next after ... Ayton should in order be named Sydney Godolphin, esq., who left him, in his will, a legacy of an hundred poundes: and Mr. Hobbes hath left him an eternall [1538] monument in lib.... pag.... of his Leviathan.
Memorandum next after ... Ayton should be named Sydney Godolphin, Esq., who left him a legacy of one hundred pounds in his will: and Mr. Hobbes has left him an eternal [1538] monument in lib.... pag.... of his Leviathan.

Lucius Carey, lord Falkland was his great friend and admirer, and so was Sir William Petty; both which I have here enrolled amongst those friends I have heard him [Pg 366]speake of, but Dr. Blackburne left 'em both out [1539] (to my admiration). I askt him why he had donne so? He answered because they were both ignote to foreigners.
Lucius Carey, Lord Falkland was his great friend and admirer, and so was Sir William Petty; both of whom I have included here among those friends I have heard him mention, but Dr. Blackburne left them both out [1539] (to my surprise). I asked him why he had done that. He replied because they were both unknown to outsiders.

Mr. Henry Gellibrand, Astronomy professor at Gresham Colledge.
Mr. Henry Gellibrand, astronomy professor at Gresham College.

[1540]James Harrington, esq., who wrote against him in his Oceana.
[1540]James Harrington, Esq., who criticized him in his Oceana.

Henry Stubbes[1541].
Henry Stubbes__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Mr. Charles Cavendish[1542], brother to the duke of Newcastle, a learned gentleman and great mathematician.
Mr. Charles Cavendish[1542], brother of the Duke of Newcastle, a knowledgeable man and a skilled mathematician.

Mr. Laurence Rooke, Geometry and Astronomy professor.
Mr. Laurence Rooke, professor of Geometry and Astronomy.

Mr. ... Hallely, his intimate friend, an old gent.
Mr. ... Hallely, his close friend, an older gentleman.

[1543]When he was at Florence (16..; vide vitam) he contracted a friendship with the famous Galileo Galileo, ...[1544], whom he extremely venerated and magnified; and not only as he was a prodigious witt, but for his sweetnes of nature and manners. They [1545] pretty well resembled one another as to their countenances, as by their pictures doeth [1546] appeare; were both cheerfull and melancholique-sanguine; and had both a consimilitie of fate, to be hated and persecuted by the ecclesiastiques.
[1543]When he was in Florence (16..; see vita) he formed a friendship with the famous Galileo Galilei, ...[1544], whom he greatly admired and respected; not only for his incredible wit, but also for his kindness and demeanor. They [1545] looked quite a bit like each other in their appearances, as can be seen in their pictures; both were cheerful yet melancholic-sanguine, and they shared a similar fate of being hated and persecuted by the ecclesiastics.

16..[1547], Petrus Gassendus[1548], S. Th. Doctor et Regius Professor Parisiis,—vide his titles—whom he never mentions but with great honour and respect [CXXIV.], 'doctissimus, humanissimus'; and they loved each other entirely.
16..[1547], Petrus Gassendus[1548], S. Th. Doctor and Regius Professor in Paris,—see his titles—whom he always refers to with great honor and respect [CXXIV.], 'most learned, most humane'; and they truly loved each other.

[CXXIV.] I have heard Mr. Edmund Waller say that (William) the lord marquisse of Newcastle was a great patron to Dr. Gassendi, and M. Des Cartes, as well as Mr. Hobbes, and that he hath dined with them all three at the marquiss's table at Paris.—MS. Aubr. 9. fol. 50.
[CXXIV.] I've heard Mr. Edmund Waller mention that William, the Marquis of Newcastle, was a significant supporter of Dr. Gassendi, M. Des Cartes, and Mr. Hobbes, and that he's had dinner with all three of them at the Marquis's table in Paris.—MS. Aubr. 9. fol. 50.

As also the like love and friendship was betwixt him and
As also the same love and friendship existed between him and

Marinus ... Mersennus;
Marinus ... Mersenne;

Monsr. Renatus Des Cartes[1549];
Mr. René Descartes__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__;

[Pg 367]
[Pg 367]

as also—
also—

Niceron;
Niceron;

Samuel Sorbier, M. D.—vide his epistle and Gassendus's before his De Cive.
Samuel Sorbier, M. D.—see his letter and Gassendi's before his De Cive.

... Verdusius, to whom he dedicates his ... Dialogi ([1550]vide my Dialogi for his Christian name—'tis dedicated to him).
... Verdusius, to whom he dedicates his ... Dialogi ([1550]see my Dialogi for his first name—it's dedicated to him).

[1551]T. H. would say that Gassendus was the sweetest-natured man in the world.
[1551]T. H. would say that Gassendus was the kindest person in the world.

Des Cartes and he were acquainted and mutually respected one another. He would say that had he kept himself to Geometry he had been the best geometer in the world but that his head did not lye for philosophy.
Descartes and he knew each other and respected one another. He would say that if he had focused solely on Geometry, he would have been the best geometer in the world, but his mind wasn't suited for philosophy.

[1552]Mr. Hobbes was wont to say that had M^ieur Des Cartes (for whom he had a high respect) kept himselfe to geometrie, he had been the best geometer in the world; but he could not pardon him for his writing in defence of transubstantiation, which he knew was absolutely against his opinion [1553] and donne meerly to putt a compliment [1554] the Jesuites.
[1552]Mr. Hobbes often said that if M^ieur Des Cartes (whom he respected greatly) had stuck to geometry, he would have been the best geometer in the world; however, he couldn't forgive him for writing in defense of transubstantiation, which he knew was completely against his views [1553] and was done purely as a compliment [1554] the Jesuits.

[1555]I have heard Mr. Oates say that the Jesuites doe much glorie that he had his education under [1556] them. 'Tis not unlikely that the Jesuites putt him upon that treatise.
[1555]I've heard Mr. Oates mention that the Jesuits take a lot of pride in the fact that he received his education under [1556] them. It's not surprising that the Jesuits encouraged him to write that treatise.

Edmund Waller[1557], esq., poet.
Edmund Waller, Esq., poet.

[1558]Sir Kenelm Digby, amicus T. H.
[1558]Sir Kenelm Digby, friend of T. H.

[1559](1648 or 49 [1560], at Paris.) Sir William Petty (of Ireland [1561]), Regiae Societatis Socius, a person [1562] of a stupendous invention [1563] and of as great prudence and humanity, had an [Pg 368]high [1564] esteeme of him. His acquaintance began at Paris, 1648 or 1649, at which time Mr. Hobbes studied Vesalius' Anatomy, and Sir William with him. He then assisted Mr. Hobbes in draweing his schemes [1565]for his booke of optiques, for he had a very fine hand in those dayes for draweing [1566], which draughts Mr. Hobbes did [1567] much commend. His facultie [1568] in this kind conciliated them the sooner to the familiarity [1569] of our common friend.
[1559](1648 or 49 [1560], in Paris.) Sir William Petty (from Ireland [1561]), a member of the Royal Society, was a person [1562] known for remarkable inventions [1563] and for his great wisdom and kindness, earning him [Pg 368]high [1564] esteem. He met Mr. Hobbes in Paris around 1648 or 1649, at which time Mr. Hobbes was studying Vesalius' Anatomy, with Sir William alongside him. He then helped Mr. Hobbes create the diagrams [1565] for his book on optics, as he had a very skilled hand for drawing at that time [1566], which Mr. Hobbes greatly appreciated [1567]. His talent in this area helped them quickly become familiar [1568] with our mutual friend.

Mr. S. Cowper aforesayd [1570], at whose house they often mett.—He drew his picture twice: the first the king haz, the other is yet in the custody of his widowe; but he gave it, indeed, to me (and I promised I would give it to the archives at Oxon,[1571] with a short inscription on the back side, as a monument of his friendship to me and ours to Mr. Hobbes—sed haec omnia inter nos)[1572]but I, like a foole, did not take possession of it, for something of the garment was not quite finished, and he dyed, I being then in the countrey—sed hoc non ad rem.
Mr. S. Cowper mentioned earlier [1570], at whose house they often met.—He drew his picture twice: the first is with the king, the other is still with his widow; but he actually gave it to me (and I promised I would donate it to the archives at Oxon,[1571] with a short inscription on the back, as a testament to his friendship for me and ours for Mr. Hobbes— but all of this remains between us)[1572] but I, like a fool, did not take possession of it, because something in the garment was not quite finished, and he passed away while I was in the countryside— but that's not the point.

[1573]<Sir William Petty.> I have a very fine letter from Mr. Hobbes to me where he gives him thanks and for his booke of Duplicate Proportion I sent him, which letter I will insert (so much as concerns it). Sir William Petty would keepe the originall honoris ergo and gave me a copie of it, which I have not leisure to looke out.
[1573]<Sir William Petty.> I have a great letter from Mr. Hobbes thanking me for the book on Duplicate Proportion I sent him, and I’ll include that letter (as far as it’s relevant). Sir William Petty wants to keep the original honoris ergo and gave me a copy of it, which I haven’t had the time to find.

[1574](At Paris.) Mr. Abraham Cowley, the poet, who hath bestowed on him an immortal pindarique ode, which is in his poems.
[1574](At Paris.) Mr. Abraham Cowley, the poet, who has given him an unforgettable pindaric ode, which is included in his poems.

(1651 or 52.) William Harvey, Dr. of Physique and Chirurgery, inventor of the circulation of the bloud, who left him in his will ten poundes, as his brother told me at his funerall. Obiit anno 1657, aetat. 80, sepult. at Hempsted in Essex, in their [1575] vault.
(1651 or 52.) William Harvey, Doctor of Medicine and Surgery, who discovered the circulation of the blood, left him ten pounds in his will, as his brother mentioned at his funeral. He died in 1657 at the age of 80 and was buried at Hempstead in Essex, in their [1575] vault.

[Pg 369]
[Pg 369]

Mr. Edmund Waller of Beconsfield was his great friend, and acquainted at Paris—I believe before.
Mr. Edmund Waller of Beaconsfield was his close friend and knew him in Paris—I think even before that.

When his Leviathan came out, he sent by his stationer's (Andrew Crooke) man a copie of it, well-bound, to Mr. John Selden in Aedibus Carmeliticis. Mr. Selden told the servant, he did not know Mr. Hobbes, but had heard much of his worth, and that he should be very glad to be acquainted with him. Wherupon Mr. Hobbes wayted on him. From which time there was a strict friendship between to his dyeing day. He left by his will to Mr. Hobbes a legacy of ten poundes.
When his Leviathan was published, he sent a nicely bound copy of it to Mr. John Selden at Aedibus Carmeliticis through his stationer's (Andrew Crooke) messenger. Mr. Selden told the servant that he didn't know Mr. Hobbes but had heard a lot about his reputation and would be very happy to meet him. So, Mr. Hobbes visited him. From that time on, they maintained a close friendship until Selden's dying day. In his will, he left Mr. Hobbes a legacy of ten pounds.

Sir John Vaughan, Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common Pleas, was his great acquaintance, to whom he made visitts three times or more in a weeke—out of terme in the morning; in terme-time, in the afternoon.
Sir John Vaughan, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, was a close acquaintance of his, whom he visited three or more times a week—morning visits during the off-term and afternoon visits when court was in session.

Sir Charles Scarborough, M.D. (physitian to his royal highnesse the duke of Yorke), who hath a very good and like picture (drawne about 1655)[1576]of him, under which is this distich (they say of Mr. Hobbes's making [CXXV.]),
Sir Charles Scarborough, M.D. (physician to His Royal Highness the Duke of York), who has a very good likeness (drawn around 1655)[1576]of him, beneath which is this couplet (reportedly by Mr. Hobbes [CXXV.]),

[CXXV.] This was made by Sir Charles Scarborough, M.D.
[CXXV.] This was created by Sir Charles Scarborough, M.D.

If you want to know about me, ask Mores, but that guy. Whoever seeks information about me may find someone else;

and much loved his conversation.
and greatly enjoyed his conversation.

Sir Jonas Moore, mathematicus, surveyor of his majestie's ordinance, who had a great veneration for Mr. Hobbes, and was wont much to lament [CXXVI.] he fell to the study of the mathematiques so late.
Sir Jonas Moore, mathematician and surveyor for the king's ordnance, held great respect for Mr. Hobbes and often expressed regret [CXXVI.] that he started studying mathematics so late.

[CXXVI.] Does this lamenting come in aptest here, or pag.[1577] 7?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.
[CXXVI.] Is this mourning most suitable here, or pag.[1577] 7?—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.

Mr. Richard White, who writt Hemispherium Dissectum.[1578] I have heard Mr. Thomas Hobbes commend Richard White for a solid mathematician and preferred him much before his brother Thomas de Albiis[1579] for it.
Mr. Richard White, who wrote Hemispherium Dissectum.[1578] I have heard Mr. Thomas Hobbes praise Richard White as a strong mathematician and preferred him greatly over his brother Thomas de Albiis[1579] for this.

[Pg 370]
[Pg 370]

Sir Charles Cavendish [1580].
Sir Charles Cavendish__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Edward, lord Herbert of Cherbery and Castle Island.
Edward, Lord Herbert of Cherbury and Castle Island.

Sir William Davenant, Poet Laureat after B. Johnson, and generall of the ordinance to the duke of Newcastle—at Paris [1581] (e.g. epistle); perhaps before.
Sir William Davenant, Poet Laureate after B. Johnson, and general of the ordinance to the Duke of Newcastle—at Paris [1581] (e.g. epistle); maybe earlier.

William Chillingworth, D.D.—he would commend this doctor for a very great witt; 'But by G——' said he, 'he is like some lusty fighters that will give a damnable back-blow now and then on their owne party.'
William Chillingworth, D.D.—he would praise this doctor for his sharp wit; 'But by G——' he said, 'he is like some strong fighters who will occasionally land a devastating blow on their own side.'

George Eglionby, D.D. and deane of Canterbury, was also his great acquaintance. He died at Oxford [1582], 1643, of the epidemique disease then rageing.
George Eglionby, D.D. and dean of Canterbury, was also his close friend. He died in Oxford [1582], 1643, from the epidemic disease that was spreading at the time.

[1583]Jasper Mayne, Doctor of Divinity (chaplain to William, marquesse of Newcastle), an old acquaintance of his.
[1583]Jasper Mayne, Doctor of Divinity (chaplain to William, marquis of Newcastle), an old friend of his.

Mr. Francis Osburne, author of 'Advice [1584] to a son' and severall other treatises, was his great acquaintance.
Mr. Francis Osburne, author of 'Advice [1584] to a son' and several other writings, was a close acquaintance of his.

John Pell, Dr. of Divinity, mathematicus, quondam professor ...[1585] at Breda, who quotes him in his ... contra Longomontanum de Quadratura circuli, for one of his jury (of 12).
John Pell, Doctor of Divinity, mathematician, former professor ...[1585] at Breda, who references him in his ... against Longomontanus on the Squaring of the Circle, for one of his jury (of 12).

Sir George Ent, M.D.—In a letter to Mr. J A from Mr. Thomas Hobbes:—
Sir George Ent, M.D.—In a letter to Mr. J A from Mr. Thomas Hobbes:—

'Worthy Sir,

Dear Sir,

I have receaved from Mr. Crooke the booke of Sir George Ent of the Use of Respiration. It is a very learned and ingeniose booke full of true and deepe philosophy. I pray you to present unto him my most humble service. Though I recieved it but three dayes since, yet, drawen-on by the easinesse of the style and elegancy of the language, I have read it all over, and I give you most [Pg 371]humble thankes for sending it to me. I pray you present my service to Mr. Hooke [1586].
I have received from Mr. Crooke the book by Sir George Ent about the Use of Respiration. It’s a very scholarly and clever book filled with deep and accurate philosophy. Please convey my most respectful regards to him. Although I got it only three days ago, I’ve read it all the way through, drawn in by the ease of the style and the elegance of the language, and I want to express my sincere thanks for sending it to me. Please also extend my regards to Mr. Hooke.

I am,
Sir, your most obliged and humble servant,
Tho: Hobbes.

Chatsworth,
March 25,
1679.'

I'm,
Sir, your most thankful and humble servant,
Tho: Hobbes.

Chatsworth,
March 25,
1679.

Ralph Bathurst, S.T.D., now deane of Welles, who hath writt verses before his booke of Humane Nature [1587].
Ralph Bathurst, S.T.D., now dean of Welles, who has written verses before his book of Human Nature [1587].

Mr. Henry Stubbes, physitian, whom he much esteemed for his great learning and parts, but at latter end Mr. Hobbs differ'd with him for that he wrote against the lord chancellor Bacon, and the Royall Societie. He wrote in Mr. Hobbes' defence—vide librum [1588].
Mr. Henry Stubbes, physician, whom he highly respected for his extensive knowledge and abilities, but towards the end, Mr. Hobbes disagreed with him because he wrote against Lord Chancellor Bacon and the Royal Society. He wrote in Mr. Hobbes' defense—see book [1588].

Walter Charleton, M.D., physitian to his majestie, and one of the Colledge of Physitians in London, a high admirer of him.
Walter Charleton, M.D., physician to his majesty, and a member of the College of Physicians in London, was a great admirer of him.

Mr. Samuel Butler, the author of Hudibras.
Mr. Samuel Butler, the writer of Hudibras.

In his ... Dialogi (vide librum) he haz a noble elogie of Sir Christopher Wren, then a young scholar in Oxon, which quote; but I thinke they were not acquainted.
In his ... Dialogues (see the book), he has a great tribute to Sir Christopher Wren, who was then a young scholar in Oxford, which quotes; but I think they were not acquainted.

Mr. Hooke loved him, but was never but once in his company.
Mr. Hooke liked him, but was only ever in his company once.

<Sidney Godolphin[1589].>
<Sidney Godolphin__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.>

[1590]To conclude, he had a high esteeme for the Royall [Pg 372]Societie, having sayd (vide Behemoth pag. 242, part ...) that 'Naturall Philosophy was removed from the Universities to Gresham Colledge,' meaning the Royall Societie that meetes there; and the Royall Societie (generally) had the like for him: and he would long since have been ascribed a member there, but for the sake of one [CXXVII.] or two persons, whom he tooke to be his enemies. In their meeting at Gresham Colledge is his picture, drawen by the life, 166-(quaere date [1591]), by a good hand, which they much esteeme, and severall copies have been taken of it.
[1590]To wrap things up, he held the Royal Society in high regard, having stated (see Behemoth page 242, part ...) that 'Natural Philosophy was moved from the Universities to Gresham College,' referring to the Royal Society that meets there; and the Royal Society generally felt the same about him. He would have been recognized as a member there a long time ago, if not for one or two individuals he considered to be his enemies. At their meeting at Gresham College, there is a life-like portrait of him, 166-(query date [1591]), created by a skilled artist, which they highly value, and several copies have been made of it.

[CXXVII.] Dr. Wallis (surely their Mercuries [1592] are in opposition), and Mr. Boyle. I might add Sir Paul Neile, who disobliges everybody.—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
[CXXVII.] Dr. Wallis (their Mercuries [1592] are clearly at odds), and Mr. Boyle. I could also mention Sir Paul Neile, who's not winning any friends. —MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.

[1593]Memorandum:—Dr. Isaac Barrow hath mentioned Mr. T. Hobbes in his mathematicall lectures, printed and unprinted.
[1593]Memorandum:—Dr. Isaac Barrow has mentioned Mr. T. Hobbes in his mathematics lectures, both published and unpublished.

[1594]Edmund Waller, esq., of Beconsfield:—'but what he was most to commended for was that he being a private person threw downe the strongholds (ὀχυρώματα) of the Church, and lett in light.'
[1594]Edmund Waller, esq., of Beconsfield:—'but what he should be most praised for was that he, as a private individual, brought down the strongholds of the Church and let in light.'

Robert Stevens, serjeant at Lawe, was wont to say of him, and that truly, that 'no man had so much, so deeply, seriously, and profoundly [1595] considered humane nature as he.'
Robert Stevens, sergeant at Law, used to say about him, and it was true, that 'no one has understood human nature as thoroughly, deeply, seriously, and profoundly as he did.'

[1596]Mr. John Dreyden, Poet Laureat, is his great admirer, and oftentimes makes use of his doctrine in his playes—from Mr. Dreyden himselfe.
[1596]Mr. John Dryden, Poet Laureate, is a big fan of his work and frequently incorporates his ideas into his plays—from Mr. Dryden himself.

[1597]Memorandum he hath no countryman living hath knowne him so long (1633 [1598]) as myselfe, or of his friends, &c. doth know so much When he had printed his translation of Thucydides <1676: edit. 2>, his life is writt by him selfe (at my request) in the third person, a copie wherof I have by me, [to [1599] publish after his death if it please God I survive him.]
[1597]No one from his hometown has known him as long as I have (1633 [1598]) or any of his friends, etc., who know so much about him. After he published his translation of Thucydides <1676: edit. 2>, he wrote his life story (at my request) in the third person, and I have a copy of it [to [1599] publish after his death if God allows me to outlive him].

[Pg 373]
[Pg 373]

<Opponents and critics.>

[1600]Now as he had these ingeniose and learned friends, and many more (no question) that I know not or now escape my memory; so he had many enemies (though undeserved; for he would not provoke, but if provoked, he was sharp and bitter): and as a prophet is not esteemed in his owne countrey, so he was more esteemed by foreigners then by his countreymen.
[1600]Now, while he had these clever and knowledgeable friends, and many more (no doubt) that I don't know or can't recall right now; he also had many enemies (though undeserved; for he wouldn't start fights, but if pushed, he could be sharp and bitter): and just like a prophet isn’t appreciated in his own country, he was more valued by outsiders than by his fellow countrymen.

His chiefe antagonists were
His main opponents were

—[Dr.[1601] John] Bramhall, bishop of [Londonderry], afterwards [archbishop of Armagh and] primate of Ireland.
—[Dr.[1601] John] Bramhall, bishop of [Londonderry], later [archbishop of Armagh and] primate of Ireland.

—Seth Ward, D.D., now bishop of Sarum, who wrote against him in his Vindiciae Academiarum[1602] ἀνονυμῶς, and in.... With whom though formerly he had some contest, for which he was sorry, yet Mr. Hobbes had a great veneration for his [1603] worth, learning and goodnes.
—Seth Ward, D.D., now bishop of Sarum, who wrote against him in his Vindiciae Academiarum[1602] anonymously, and in... Even though he had some disagreements with him in the past, which he regretted, Mr. Hobbes held a deep respect for his [1603] worth, knowledge, and kindness.

—John Wallis, D.D., a great mathematician, and that hath deserved exceedingly of the commonwealth of learning for the great paines etc...., was his great antagonist in the Mathematiques. 'Twas pitty, as is said before, that Mr. Hobbs began so late, els he would have layn so open.
—John Wallis, D.D., a brilliant mathematician, who has greatly contributed to the advancement of knowledge through his extensive efforts, was his main rival in mathematics. It’s a shame, as mentioned earlier, that Mr. Hobbes started so late; otherwise, he wouldn’t have been so exposed.

'Theophilus Pike' ( [William[1604]] Lucy, bishop of St. David's) who wrote ['Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours' in his Leviathan, 1664; they are but weak ones.]
'Theophilus Pike' (i.e. [William[1604]] Lucy, bishop of St. David's) who wrote ['Observations, criticisms, and rebuttals of well-known errors' in his Leviathan, 1664; they are just weak ones.]

Mr. [Richard] Baxter, who wrote....
Mr. Richard Baxter, who wrote...

[Edward [1605] Hyde, earl of Clarendon, who wrot against the politicall part of his Leviathan: I have mentioned this in some letter, but you have forgot it.]
[Edward [1605] Hyde, earl of Clarendon, who wrote about the political aspect of his Leviathan: I've mentioned this in a letter before, but you’ve forgotten it.]

[Pg 374]
[Pg 374]

[1606]Samuelis Siremesii; Praxiologia apodictica, seu Philosophia moralis demonstrativa, pythanologiae Hobbianae opposita: Francofurti, 1677, 4to.
[1606]Samuel Siremesii; Apodictic Praxiology, or Demonstrative Moral Philosophy, opposed to Hobbesian Pythanology: Frankfurt, 1677, 4to.

[1607](In 16mo)—Liberty and Necessity asserted by Thomas Hobbes and opposed by Philip Tandy, register-accomptant, formerly minister and now established so again, Lond. 1656.
[1607](In 16mo)—Liberty and Necessity argued by Thomas Hobbes and challenged by Philip Tandy, accountant, formerly a minister and now reestablished as one, London 1656.

<Apologists and supporters.>

[1608]Meditationes Politicae iisdem continuandis et illustrandis addita Politica parallela XXV dissertationibus Academicis antehac exposuit Johannes Christopherus Becmanus, LL.D., editio 3ª, Francofurti MDCLXXIX, vide pag. 417 ubi magnopere laudat T. Hobbium—which transcribe.
[1608]Political Meditations continued and illustrated with a parallel politics of XXV academic dissertations previously presented by Johannes Christopherus Becmanus, LL.D., 3rd edition, Frankfurt 1679, see page 417 where he greatly praises T. Hobbes—which is transcribed.

[1609]In 8vo:—Meditationes Politicae iisdemque continuandis et illustrandis addita Politica Parallela XXIV dissertationibus academicis antehac exposuit Johannes Christopherus Becmanus, D. et Hist. prof. publ. ord. in Acad. Francofurtanâ; additae sunt dissertationes de lege regia et de quarta monarchia: editio tertia: Francofurti ad Oderam, anno MDCLXXIX:—pag. 417, 418:—
[1609]In 8vo:—Meditations on Politics, along with further elaborations and explanations, includes Parallel Politics with XXIV academic dissertations previously presented by Johannes Christopherus Becmanus, D. and Public Professor of History at the Academy of Frankfurt; additional dissertations on royal law and the fourth monarchy are included: third edition: Frankfurt on the Oder, year 1679:—pages 417, 418:—

'In Hobbesii libris eorum quae de cive et civitate agunt (nam reliqua nobis neutiquam curatio est) scopus generalis est e primis principiis naturae rationalis ac vitae socialis res politicas eruere (quo quidem nomine prae caeteris laudandus est cum nemo politicorum ante illum id ausus fuerit), specialis est dirigere principia sua ad monarchiam (qui si genium gentis spectes in qua vixit non minori laude dignus est, licebitque aliis eadem principia ad statum aristocraticum et democraticum applicare, modo sciat istos potius quam monarchiam reipublicae suae congruere).
'In Hobbes' books discussing the state and society (as we have no concern for the rest), the general aim is to derive political matters from the fundamental principles of rational nature and social life (for which he is particularly commendable, as no one in politics had dared to do so before him). The specific aim is to direct his principles towards monarchy (which, considering the character of the nation in which he lived, is deserving of no lesser praise, and others may apply the same principles to an aristocratic or democratic state, as long as they understand that these are more suitable for a republic than for monarchy).

In aliis scriptis quae publicavit itidem eo nomine laudandus est quod e primis principiis moralibus, licet haud perinde vulgò notis, res suas eruere conetur: sed rursus etiam culpandus quod sacra ad [Pg 375]conceptus suos trahat cum hos ad sacra pertrahere indeque perficere debuisset. Profani tamen qui videntur apud eum occurrere loquendi modi non possunt plenum atheismum inferre, nunquam enim qui rebus moralibus mediocriter incumbit atheus esse potest, tanto minus Hobbesius qui ad prima usque principia moralium progredi conatur. Quod vero maxime sapere videtur, id vel securitatem dixeris vel neutralismum quendam, ut Deum quidem colat sed modum colendi a sacro codice derivandum esse non necessarium agnoscat; esseque hunc animum ejus ex eo patet quod superius diximus, ipsum sacra ad conceptus suos morales trahere cum e contrario moralia quae habemus aut invenire etiam possumus e sacris peti debeant quippe quae clarius semper rem exprimunt quam sine eis exprimi potest. Acciditque hic [1610] ipsi quod chymicorum multis aliisque rerum naturalium scrutatoribus qui, dum in causis secundis indagandis nimii sunt, eis ita alligantur ut ulterius eoque ad Deum usque pergere non opus esse judicent, unde similiter in neutralismum incidunt. Brevius—Hobbesius principia vitae socialis vere explicat sed male applicat; unde omnis illa in doctrina ejus perversitas quam tamen Christiano vitandam esse merito cum piis probisque omnibus pronunciamus. Concludimus cum judicio autoris Gallici in Itiner. Angl.[CXXVIII.] pag. (edit. Germ.) 411, 412:—
In his other writings, he should also be praised for trying to dig deep into his ideas based on moral principles, even if they’re not widely recognized. However, he deserves criticism for blending his ideas with sacred concepts when he should have derived them from those sacred principles and completed them from there. The secular viewpoints that seem to appear in his work cannot fully imply atheism; anyone who moderately engages with moral issues can’t be an atheist, especially Hobbes, who attempts to get back to the fundamental principles of morality. What seems most significant about this is that you could call it security or a kind of neutralism, acknowledging that while he worships God, he does not see a need to derive the method of worship from sacred texts. This perspective becomes clear when we note that he pulls religious ideas into his moral concepts, while conversely, the moral principles that we have or can discover should be sought from sacred texts since they always express the truth more clearly than can be articulated without them. This situation mirrors those chemists and other natural researchers who, while excessively probing into secondary causes, become so tied to them that they conclude there’s no need to go further or even to seek God, leading them similarly into neutralism. In summary—Hobbes explains the principles of social life well, but misapplies them; thus, we rightly declare that all the perversions in his doctrine should be avoided by Christians and all pious individuals. We conclude with the opinion of the French author in Itiner. Angl. pag. (edit. Germ.) 411, 412:—

[CXXVIII.] This is in High-dutch, which I desire Mr. Th. Haack to render into English.
[CXXVIII.] This is in High Dutch, and I ask Mr. Th. Haack to translate it into English.

[1611]Es [FX] werden sehr wenig gefunden welche die Sachen genauer durchsehen denn Er und die der Natürlichen Wissen-schafft eine so lange Erfahrung beygebracht hätten. Ja Er ist ein überbliebenes von dem Bacon, unter welchem Er in seiner Jugend geschrieben und an allem was ich von Ihm gehöret und was ich in seiner Art zu screiben mercke sehe ich wol, dasz Er viel davon behalten. Er hat durch das Studieren seine Weise die Dinge zu wenden und greiffet gerne in die Gleichnüssen. Aber Er hat natürlich viele von seiner schönen und guten Eigenschafft ja auch von seiner feinen Leibes Gestalt. Er hat der Priester-schafft seines Landes, den Mathematisten zu Oxfurt und ihren Anhängen eine Furcht eingejaget, darumb Ihre Majestät mir Ihn einem Bähren [1612] verlichen, wider welche Er die doggen, umb sie zu üben anreitzet; sonder Zweiffel hat Er die gekrönte Häupter in den Gründen seiner Welt Klugheit höchlich verbunden, und wenn Er die Lehren der Religionen nicht berühret, oder sich begnüget hätte de Presbyterianer und genannte Bischöffe seines Landes anzugreiffen, find ich nichts darin zu tadeln.'
[1611]He [FX] is rarely found to examine matters in detail like he does, along with the natural sciences, which he has learned through extensive experience. Yes, he is a remnant of Bacon, under whom he wrote in his youth, and from everything I have heard about him and observe in his writing style, I see that he has retained a lot of that influence. Through studying, he has developed a unique way of presenting ideas and often employs analogies. Naturally, he possesses many of the admirable and positive traits, as well as a fine physical appearance. He has instilled fear in the clergy of his country, the mathematicians at Oxford, and their followers, which is why His Majesty compares him to a bear [1612] who urges them on to practice; undoubtedly, he has highly connected the crowned heads with the foundations of his worldly wisdom, and when he does not touch upon the teachings of religions or confine himself to attacking the Presbyterians and the so-called bishops of his land, I see nothing to criticize in that.

[1613]Casparis Zeigleri de juribus majestatis tractatus Academicus; Wittenbergae, 1681. Vide pag. 112 § IV [Pg 376]ubi honoris gratiâ citat Hobbium de differentiis inter pactum et legem ex element. philosoph. de Cive, cap. 14.
[1613]Casparis Zeigleri on the rights of majesty Academic; Wittenberg, 1681. See page 112 § IV [Pg 376]where, for the sake of honor, he cites Hobbes on the differences between contract and law from the elements of philosophy on the Citizen, chapter 14.

[1614](In 12mo)—Epistolica dissertatio de principiis justi et decori continens Apologiam pro tractatu clarissimi Hobbaei de Cive ἀνονυμῶς Amstelodami apud Ludovicum Elzevirium, MDCLI.
[1614](In 12mo)—A lettered discussion on the principles of justice and decorum containing a defense of the famous Hobbes' work "De Cive" published anonymously in Amsterdam by Ludovicus Elzevir, MDCLI.

James Harrington, esquire: Oceana, vide.
James Harrington, Esq.: Oceana, see.

[1615]... Zeigler, a German jurisconsultus, quotes him with great respect, as also some other German civilians, of which enquire farther.
[1615]... Zeigler, a German legal expert, quotes him with great respect, as do some other German legal scholars, of which I'll look into further.

[1616]Samuelis Pufendorf: Elementa Jurisprudentiae Universalis [1617], 1672: in praefatione—
[1616]Samuel Pufendorf: Elements of Universal Jurisprudence [1617], 1672: in the preface—

'Nec parum debere nos profitemur Thomae Hobbes, cujus hypothesis in libro de Cive, etsi quid profani sapiat, pleraque tamen caetera satis arguta ac sana.
'We must acknowledge that Thomas Hobbes has some merit, whose hypothesis in the book de Cive, although it may sound a bit unorthodox, nevertheless contains many sharp and sound ideas.'

Quos heic velut in universum allegasse voluimus, in ipso autem opere quoties eorundem expressa fuit sententia ipsos numerare supersedimus, quia, praeter taedia crebrae citationis, rationes eorum potius quam autoritatem secuti sumus. Nam quando ab iisdem atque aliis veritatis studium dissentire nos subegit, nomina eorundem ideo dissimulavimus ne magnorum virorum naevos vellicando gloriolam captare velle videremur. Et stultum semper judicavimus, cum ipse te hominem noris ab erroribus haudquidquam immunem, aspera in alios censura reliquos ad paria tibi reponenda irritare.'
Quos we have aimed to address in general here, in the actual work whenever their opinions have been expressed, we chose not to count them, because we followed their reasoning instead of their authority, aside from the annoyance of frequent citations. For when we were compelled to disagree with them and others in the pursuit of truth, we chose to omit their names to avoid seeming like we were trying to gain some glory by pointing out the flaws of great men. And we have always considered it foolish to criticize others harshly when you yourself know that you are not free from errors; it only provokes others to retaliate against you.

[1618]Samuel Pufendorfius, professor in jure naturae apud regem Sueciae: in praefatione sui libri De Jure Naturae et Gentium, Amstelodam, 1688:
[1618]Samuel Pufendorf, professor of natural law at the court of Sweden: in the preface to his book On Natural Law and the Law of Nations, Amsterdam, 1688:

'Sic et Thomas Hobbius in operibus suis ad civilem scientiam spectantibus plurima habet quantivis pretii et nemo cui rerum ejusmodi est intellectus negaverit tam profunde ipsum societatis humanae et civilis compagem rimatum fuisse ut pauci priorum cum ipso heic comparari queant. Et qua a vero aberrat, occasionem tamen ad talia meditanda suggerit quae fortasse aliàs nemini in mentem venissent. Sed quod et hic in religione peculiaria sibi et horrida dogmata finxerit, hoc ipso apud multos non citra rationem sui [Pg 377]aversationem excitavit. Quanquam et illud non raro contingere videas ut ab illis maximo cum supercilio condemnetur abs quibus minime lectus fuit aut intellectus.'
'Sic and Thomas Hobbes, in his works related to civil science, has a lot of significant content, and no one with an understanding of such matters can deny that he has analyzed the structure of human society and civil organization so deeply that few of his predecessors can be compared to him. Although he diverges from the truth, he nonetheless provides an opportunity to consider topics that might not have occurred to anyone else. However, the fact that he has devised peculiar and shocking doctrines in religion has, for many, justifiably sparked aversion to him. Moreover, it’s not uncommon to see him condemned with great disdain by those who have not even read or understood his works.'

<Conclusion.>

[1619]I would have, just before FINIS,
[1619]I would have, just before the end,

Envy lives on in the living: it rests after death; Then his honor justly protects each one.

Ovid. Eleg.[1620]

Ovid. Eleg.[1620]

[1621]Last of all insert the pindarique ode on Mr. Hobbes made by Mr. Abraham Cowley; and after that, in the next page, the verses made by Dr. Ralph Bathurst of Trinity College in Oxon, which are before Mr. Hobbes's Humane Nature.
[1621]Finally, include the pindaric ode about Mr. Hobbes written by Mr. Abraham Cowley; and after that, on the next page, the verses written by Dr. Ralph Bathurst of Trinity College in Oxford, which are found before Mr. Hobbes's Human Nature.

<Copies of letters by, or about, Thomas Hobbes.>

i. Thomas Hobbes to Josias Pullen.

[1622]For my much honored friend Mr. Josias Pullen, Vice-principall of Magdalen Hall in Oxon.
[1622]For my esteemed friend Mr. Josias Pullen, Vice Principal of Magdalen Hall in Oxford.

Honour'd Sir,

Honored Sir,

I understand by a letter from Mr. Aubry that you desire to have the bookes I have published to put them into the library of Magdalen Hall. I have here sent them you, and very willingly, as being glad of the occasion, for I assure you that I owe so much honour and respect to that society that I would have sent them, and desired to have them accepted, long agoe, if I could have donne it as decently as now that you have assured me that your selfe and some others of your house have a good opinion of them so that though the house refuse them they are not lost. You know how much they have been decryed by Dr. Wallis and others of the greatest sway in the University, and therfore to offer them to any Colledge or Hall had been a greater signe of humility than I have yet attained to.
I received a letter from Mr. Aubry letting me know that you want to have the books I've published to add to the library of Magdalen Hall. I've sent them to you willingly, as I'm pleased to have this opportunity. I truly have a lot of honor and respect for that society, and I would have sent the books and asked for them to be accepted a long time ago if I could have done it in a proper way. Now that you've assured me that you and some others from your house think highly of them, even if the house refuses them, they won't be completely lost. You're aware of how much they've been criticized by Dr. Wallis and others who have a lot of influence in the University, so offering them to any college or hall would have been a bigger sign of humility than I've been able to show so far.

[Pg 378]
[Pg 378]

For your owne civility in approving them, I give you many thanks; and remain
For your courtesy in approving them, I thank you very much; and remain

Sir,
Your most humble servant,
Tho. Hobbes.

1672 [1623], London,
Febr. 1^st.

Dear Sir,
Your humble servant,
Thomas Hobbes.

1672 [1623], London,
Feb. 1st.

ii. Thomas Hobbes to John Aubrey.

[1624]Noble Sir,

Noble Sir,

I am very glad to hear you are well and continue your favours towards me.
I’m really glad to hear you’re doing well and still supporting me.

'Tis a long time since I have been able to write my selfe, and am now so weake that it is a paine to me to dictate.
It's been a long time since I've been able to write for myself, and I'm now so weak that it's painful for me to dictate.

But yet I cannot choose but thanke you for this letter of Jan. 25^th which I receaved not till the last of ffebruary. I was assured a good while since that Dr. Wallis his learning is no where esteemed but in the Universities by such as have engaged themselves in the defence of his geometry and are now ashamed to recant it. And I wonder not if Dr. Wallis, or any other, that have studyed mathematicks onely to gaine preferment, when his ignorance is discovered, convert his study to jugling and to the gaining of a reputation of conjuring, decyphering, and such arts [1625] as are in the booke [1626] you sent me.
But I can’t help but thank you for this letter dated Jan. 25^th that I didn’t receive until the end of February. I was told a while ago that Dr. Wallis's knowledge is only valued at the universities by those who have committed themselves to defending his geometry and are now embarrassed to take it back. I’m not surprised if Dr. Wallis, or anyone else, who has studied mathematics just to gain recognition, turns to tricks and seeks to build a reputation for magic, deciphering, and related arts [1625] as discussed in the book [1626] you sent me.

As for the matter it selfe, I meane the teaching of a man borne deafe and dumbe to speake, I thinke it impossible. But I doe not count him deafe and indocible that can heare a word spoken as loud as is possible at the very entrance to his eare, for of this I am assured that a man borne absolutely deafe must of necessity be made to heare before he can be made to speake, much lesse to understand. And he that could make him heare (being a great and common good) would well deserve both to be honoured [Pg 379]and to be enriched. He that could make him speake a few words onely deserved nothing. But he that brags of this and cannot doe it, deserves to be whipt.
As for the issue itself, I mean teaching a person who was born deaf and mute to speak, I think it's impossible. But I don’t consider someone to be deaf and unteachable if they can hear a word spoken as loudly as possible right at the entrance of their ear, because I'm certain that a person born completely deaf must necessarily be made to hear before they can be taught to speak, let alone understand. And anyone who could make them hear (which is a great and common good) would truly deserve both to be honored [Pg 379] and to be rewarded. Someone who could make them say just a few words deserves nothing. But anyone who brags about this and can't actually do it deserves to be punished.

Sir, I am most heartily
Your most faithfull and most humble servant,
Thomas Hobbes.
Hardwick,
March the 5^th, 1677 [1627].

I truly
Your loyal and humble servant,
Thomas Hobbes.
Hardwick,
March 5^th, 1677 [1627].

[1628]To my most honored frend Mr. John Awbry, esqre, to be left for him at Mr. Crooke's, a bookseller, at the Green Dragon without Temple barre, London.
[1628]To my esteemed friend Mr. John Awbry, Esq., to be left for him at Mr. Crooke's, a bookstore, at the Green Dragon outside Temple Bar, London.

iii. Thomas Hobbes to William Crooke, with an enclosure to John Aubrey.

It appears by the post-stamps on the backs of these letters that the charge for a letter was 3d., with 3d. for each enclosure. Thus the letters of Aug. 18, 1679, March 5, 1679/80, Sept. 7, 1680, are all marked as costing 3d. postage (MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 15^v, 10^v, 21^v); while this letter to Crooke, with its enclosure, cost 6d. (ibid., fol. 11^v); and the letter of Jan. 16, 1679/80, with its two enclosures, cost 9d. (ibid. fol. 17^v).>
It seems from the postmarks on the backs of these letters that the cost for a letter was 3d., with an additional 3d. for each enclosed item. Therefore, the letters from Aug. 18, 1679, Mar. 5, 1679/80, and Sept. 7, 1680, are all marked as costing 3d. for postage (MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 15^v, 10^v, 21^v); meanwhile, this letter to Crooke, along with its enclosure, cost 6d. (ibid., fol. 11^v); and the letter from Jan. 16, 1679/80, with its two enclosures, cost 9d. (ibid. fol. 17^v).

[1629]Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Sir,

I have receaved Sir George Ent's booke and Mr. Aubrey's letter, to which I have written an answer, but I cannot tell how to send it to him without your helpe, and therefore I have sent it to you here inclosed, for I believe he comes now and then to your shop, and I pray you doe me the favour to deliver it to him.
I have received Sir George Ent's book and Mr. Aubrey's letter, to which I have written a reply, but I don't know how to send it to him without your help. So, I have enclosed it for you here because I believe he visits your shop now and then. I would appreciate it if you could do me the favor of delivering it to him.

I rest, your humble servant
Tho. Hobbes.

Chatsworth,
March the 25^th 1679.
[1630]For Mr. William Crooke,
Bookeseller,
At the Green Dragon without Temple barr
London.

I remain, your loyal servant
Thomas Hobbes.

Chatsworth,
March 25^th, 1679.
For Mr. William Crooke,
Bookstore owner,
At the Green Dragon outside Temple Bar
London.

[Pg 380]
[Pg 380]

[1631]Worthy Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Dear Sir,

I have receaved from Will: Crooke the booke of Sir George Ent of the use of respiration. It is a very learned and ingenious booke, full of true and deepe philosophy, and I pray you to present unto him my most humble service. Though I receaved it but three days since, yet drawn on by the easinesse of the style and elegance of the language I have read it all over. And I give you most hearty thankes for sending of it to me, and to Mr. Ent [1632] who was pleased to bestow it upon me, and I am very glad to hear that Sir George him selfe is alive and in good health, though I believe he is very near as old as I am.
I received from Will: Crooke the book by Sir George Ent on the use of respiration. It’s a very learned and clever book, packed with true and deep philosophy, and I ask you to convey my most humble regards to him. Although I just got it three days ago, I found the style easy to read and the language elegant, so I went through it all. I sincerely thank you for sending it to me, and to Mr. Ent [1632] who kindly gave it to me. I’m also very happy to hear that Sir George is alive and in good health, although I believe he’s about as old as I am.

I knew not how to addresse my letter to you, but at all adventure I sent it inclosed in a letter to Mr. Crooke at whose shop I suppose you sometimes looke in as you passe the street.
I didn't know how to address my letter to you, but just to be safe, I sent it enclosed in a letter to Mr. Crooke, at whose shop I imagine you sometimes stop by as you pass by.

I pray you present my service to Mr. Hooke and thanke him for the honour of his salutation.
I ask you to send my regards to Mr. Hooke and thank him for his kind greeting.

I am, Sir, your most obliged and humble servant,
I am, Sir, your most grateful and humble servant,

Thomas Hobbes.
Chatsworth,
March the 25^th, 1679.
[1633]To my most honoured frend,
Mr. John Aubrey.

Thomas Hobbes.
Chatsworth,
March 25^th, 1679.
To my valued friend,
Mr. John Aubrey.

iv. Thomas Hobbes to John Aubrey.

[1634]Honored Sir,

Honored Sir,

I thanke you for your letter of Aug. 2^d, and I pray you present my humble thanks to Sir George Ent that he accepteth of my judgment upon his booke. I fear it is rather his good nature then my merit. I am sorry for the news you write of his son.
I appreciate your letter from August 2nd, and please convey my sincere thanks to Sir George Ent for accepting my opinion on his book. I worry it's more about his kindness than my worth. I'm sorry to hear the news you shared about his son.

I have been told that my booke of the Civill Warr is come abroad, and am sorry for it, especially because I could [Pg 381]not get his majestye to license it, not because it is ill printed or has a foolish title set to it, for I believe that any ingenious man may understand the wickednesse of that time, notwithstanding the errors of the presse.
I’ve been informed that my book on the Civil War is out, and I'm disappointed about it, especially since I couldn't get the king's approval for it. It's not that it's poorly printed or has a silly title, because I believe any thoughtful person can grasp the wickedness of that time, despite the printing mistakes.

The treatise De Legibus, at the end of it, is imperfect. I desire Mr. Horne to pardon me that I consent not to his motion, nor shall Mr. Crooke himselfe get my consent to print it.
The treatise De Legibus is incomplete at the end. I ask Mr. Horne to forgive me for not agreeing with his request, and Mr. Crooke won’t get my permission to print it either.

I pray you present my humble service to Mr. Butler [1635].
I ask that you kindly pass along my sincere regards to Mr. Butler [1635].

The priviledge of stationers is (in my opinion) a very great hinderance to the advancement of all humane learning.
The privilege of stationers is, in my opinion, a significant barrier to the advancement of all human knowledge.

I am, Sir, your very humble servant,
Tho. Hobbes.
Chatsworth,
Aug. the 18^th, 1679.

I am, Sir, your very devoted servant,
Thomas Hobbes.
Chatsworth,
Aug. 18^th, 1679.

[1636]To my much honoured frend Mr. John Aubrey, at Mr. Hooke's lodging in Gresham College, London.
[1636]To my esteemed friend Mr. John Aubrey, at Mr. Hooke's place in Gresham College, London.

v. James Wheldon to William Crooke, with enclosure to John Aubrey, and a copy of Hobbes' will.
v. James Wheldon to William Crooke, including an attachment for John Aubrey, and a copy of Hobbes' will.

[1637]Hardwick, January the 16^th, 1679 [1638].
Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Hardwick, January 16^th, 1679__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.
Sir,

Three days since I receaved your letter of the 9^th instant together with one from Mr. Aubrey, and because they containe both the same particulars I thinke it unnecessary to repeat to you what I have written back to that gentleman.
Three days have passed since I received your letter dated the 9^th of this month, along with one from Mr. Aubrey. Since both contain the same details, I think it’s unnecessary to repeat what I’ve written back to him.

All that I can add is onely this, that neither Mr. Halleley nor I have anything in either of our hands of Mr. Hobbes's writing, the very little of that kind that he left behind him being disposed of according to his own order before he removed from Chatsworth.
All I can add is this: neither Mr. Halleley nor I have any of Mr. Hobbes's writings in our possession. The little he left behind was taken care of according to his wishes before he left Chatsworth.

According to Mr. Aubrey's direction I have here inclosed [Pg 382]my letter to him, which I pray you present to him with my humble service as soon as you shall see him.
According to Mr. Aubrey's instructions, I have included [Pg 382]my letter to him, which I kindly ask you to deliver to him along with my sincere regards as soon as you see him.

I am, Sir, your most humble servant,
James Wheldon.

[1639]To my much respected frend
Mr. William Crooke
at the Green Dragon without Templebarr
In London [1640].

I am, Sir, your most respectful servant,
James Wheldon.

[1639]To my respected friend
Mr. William Crooke
at the Green Dragon near Temple Bar
In London__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

[1641]Hardwick, January the 16^th, 1679 [1642].
Worthy Sir,

Hardwick, January 16, 1679. Dear Sir,

Having been abroad about businesse for some days, I receaved, at my coming home, your letter of the third of this month, which evidences the great esteeme you have for Mr. Hobbes, for which I returne you my humble thanks, and particularly for the paines you have been pleased to take in the large account of what you your selfe, Mr. Anthony a Wood, and Sir George Ent designe for Mr. Hobbes his honour.
Having been away on business for a few days, I received your letter from the third of this month when I got home. It shows the high regard you have for Mr. Hobbes, for which I sincerely thank you. I especially appreciate the effort you took to provide the detailed account of what you, Mr. Anthony a Wood, and Sir George Ent have planned for Mr. Hobbes's honor.

I am glad Mr. Crooke has receaved his Life in Prose, which was the onely thing Mr. Halleley got possession of, and sent it to him [1643] by my hand. Mr. Halleley tells me now, that Mr. Hobbes (in the time of his sicknesse) told him he had promised it to Mr. Crooke, but said he was unwilling it should ever be published as written by himselfe; and I beleeve it was some such motive, which made him burne those Latine verses Mr. Crooke sent him about that time.
I’m glad Mr. Crooke received his Life in Prose, which was the only thing Mr. Halleley managed to get and sent it to him by my hand. Mr. Halleley now tells me that Mr. Hobbes (during his illness) mentioned to him that he had promised it to Mr. Crooke but was reluctant for it to be published under his name. I believe that was part of the reason he burned those Latin verses Mr. Crooke sent him around that time.

For those Latine verses you mention about Ecclesiasticall Power, I remember them, for I writ them out, but know not what became of them, unlesse he presented them to judge Vaughan, or burned them, as you seem to intimate.
For the Latin verses you mentioned about Ecclesiastical Power, I remember them because I wrote them out, but I don’t know what happened to them, unless he showed them to Judge Vaughan or burned them, as you seem to suggest.

He fell sick about the middle [1644] October last. His disease was the strangury, and the physitians judged it [Pg 383]incurable by reason of his great age and naturall decay. About the 20^th of November, my Lord being to remove from Chatsworth to Hardwick, Mr. Hobbes would not be left behind; and therefore with a fether bed laid into the coach, upon which he lay warme clad, he was conveyed safely, and was in appearance as well after that little journey as before it. But seven or eight days after, his whole right side was taken with the dead palsy, and at the same time he was made speechlesse. He lived after this seven days, taking very little nourishment, slept well, and by intervalls endeavoured to speake, but could not. In the whole time of his sicknesse he was free from fever. He seemed therefore to dye rather for want of the fuell of life (which was spent in him) and meer weaknesse and decay, then by the power of his disease, which was thought to be onely an effect of his age and weaknesse. He was born the 5th of Aprill, in the year 1588, and died the 4th of December, 1679. He was put into a woollen shroud and coffin, which was covered with a white sheet, and upon that a black herse cloth, and so carryed upon men's shoulders, a little mile to [1645] church. The company, consisting of the family and neighbours that came to his funerall, and attended him to his grave, were very handsomely entertained with wine, burned and raw, cake, biscuit, etc. He was buried in the parish church of Hault Hucknall, close adjoining to the raile of the monument of the grandmother of the present earle of Devonshire, with the service of the Church of England by the minister of the parish. It is intended to cover his grave with a stone of black marble as soon as it can be got ready, with a plain inscription of his name, the place of his birth, and the time of that and of his death.
He got sick around mid-October last year. His illness was strangury, and the doctors thought it was incurable because of his advanced age and natural decline. Around the 20th of November, when my Lord was moving from Chatsworth to Hardwick, Mr. Hobbes didn’t want to be left behind; so, with a feather bed loaded into the coach, he was safely transported, warmly dressed, and appeared to be just as well after that short trip as he did before. However, seven or eight days later, he suffered a complete paralysis on his right side and became speechless at the same time. He lived for another seven days, taking in very little food, slept well, and occasionally tried to speak but couldn’t. Throughout his illness, he was free from fever. It seemed that he was dying more from the depletion of life force (which had diminished in him) and sheer weakness and decay, rather than from the impact of his illness, which was believed to be merely a consequence of his age and frailty. He was born on April 5, 1588, and died on December 4, 1679. He was placed in a woolen shroud and coffin, which was covered with a white sheet and then topped with a black funeral cloth, and was carried on men’s shoulders for a short mile to the church. The attendees, consisting of family and neighbors who came to his funeral and followed him to his grave, were generously offered wine, cakes, biscuits, and more. He was buried in the parish church of Hault Hucknall, right next to the rail of the monument of the present Earl of Devonshire's grandmother, with the service conducted by the parish minister of the Church of England. They plan to cover his grave with a black marble stone as soon as it can be prepared, featuring a simple inscription of his name, his birthplace, and the dates of his birth and death.

As to his will, it is sent up to London to be proved there, and by the copy of it, which I here send you, I beleeve you will judge it fitt to make no mention of it in [1646]what you designe to get written by way of Commentary on his life.
As for his will, it's been sent to London to be validated, and by the copy of it that I’m sharing with you, I believe you'll consider it best not to mention it in [1646]your planned Commentary on his life.

As for the palsey in his hands, it began in ffrance, before the year 1650, and has grown upon him by degrees ever [Pg 384]since; but Mr. Halleley remembers not how long it has disabled him to write legibly.
As for the palsy in his hands, it started in France, before the year 1650, and has gradually worsened since then; but Mr. Halleley doesn’t recall how long it has prevented him from writing clearly. [Pg 384]

Mr. Halleley never heard of a pension from the ffrench king and beleeves there was no such thing ever intended. He desires you to accept of his thanks for your favourable remembrance of him, and of the returne of his respects to you by me. And if hereafter you should want any thing which we know, that might contribute [1647] to the honour of Mr. Hobbes's memory, upon the least notice, shall readily be imparted to you.
Mr. Halleley has never heard of a pension from the French king and believes that there was never any intention of such a thing. He wants to thank you for remembering him kindly and for passing on his regards to you through me. If you ever need anything that we know might help honor Mr. Hobbes's memory, feel free to let us know, and we will gladly share it with you.

In the mean time, with much respect, I rest,
In the meantime, with great respect, I take my leave,

Sir, your much obliged and humble servant,
James Wheldon.

Sir, your very thankful and humble servant,
James Wheldon.

[1648]To my highly honoured frend, John Aubrey, esq., this humbly present.
[1648]To my esteemed friend, John Aubrey, Esq., I present this humbly.

[1649]A true copy of Mr. Hobbes's will.

The 25th day of September in the 29th year of the raigne of our Soveraigne Lord, King Charles the Second, and in the yeare of our Lord God, 1677.
The 25th day of September in the 29th year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord, King Charles the Second, and in the year of our Lord God, 1677.

I, Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesbury, in the county of Wilts, gent. make this my last Will and Testament.
I, Thomas Hobbes, of Malmesbury, in Wiltshire, make this my last Will and Testament.

First, I bequeath to Mary Tirell, daughter of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes, forty pounds. Item, I bequeath to Elenor Harding, daughter also of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes, forty pounds. Item, I bequeath to Elizabeth Alaby, the daughter of Thomas Alaby, two hundred pounds, and because she is an orphan, and committed by me to the tuition of my executor, my will is, that she should be maintained decently by my executor, till she be 16 yeares of age, and that then the said two hundred pounds be delivered into her hands, being intended for her furtherance in marriage, but let her dispose of it as she please; and if it happen that the said Elizabeth Alaby die before she come to the age of 16 yeares, then my will is, that the said 200 li. [Pg 385]be divided equally between the said Mary Tirell and Elenor Harding.
First, I leave forty pounds to Mary Tirell, the daughter of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes. Next, I leave forty pounds to Elenor Harding, who is also the daughter of my deceased brother, Edmund Hobbes. Additionally, I leave two hundred pounds to Elizabeth Alaby, the daughter of Thomas Alaby. Since she is an orphan and under my executor's care, my wish is for my executor to provide for her until she turns 16 years old. At that point, the two hundred pounds should be given to her, intended to help with her marriage, but she can do with it as she wishes. If Elizabeth Alaby passes away before turning 16, then my wish is for the two hundred pounds to be split equally between Mary Tirell and Elenor Harding.

Item, whereas it hath pleased my good lord, the earle of Devonshire, to bid me oftentimes heretofore, and now at the making of this my last will, to dispose therein of one hundred pounds, to be paid by his lordship, for which I give him most humble thanks; I doe give and dispose of the same in this manner: There be five grand-children of my brother, Edmund Hobbes, to the eldest whereof, whose name is Thomas Hobbes, I have heretofore given a peece of land, which may and doth, I think, content him, and therefore to the other four that are younger, I dispose of the same 100 li. the gift of my lord of Devonshire, to be divided equally amongst them, as a furtherance to bind them apprentices.
Item, my good lord, the Earl of Devonshire, has often asked me in the past, and now while making this final will, to allocate one hundred pounds to be paid by him, for which I extend my sincere thanks. I give and distribute this amount as follows: there are five grandchildren of my brother, Edmund Hobbes. To the eldest, named Thomas Hobbes, I have previously given a piece of land that I believe satisfies him. Therefore, I allocate the same hundred pounds, a gift from my lord of Devonshire, to be equally divided among the other four younger grandchildren to assist in binding them as apprentices.

And I make and ordaine James Wheldon, servant to the earle of Devonshire, my executor, to whom I give the residue of my money and goods whatsoever; and because I would have him in some sort contented for the great service he hath done me, I would pray his majestie to what I left him to add the arreare of my pension, or as much of it as it pleases his majestie.
And I appoint James Wheldon, servant to the Earl of Devonshire, as my executor, to whom I give the remaining money and goods I have. And because I want him to feel rewarded for the significant service he has done for me, I request his Majesty to add the amount I left him to the arrears of my pension, or as much of it as his Majesty sees fit.

(His name and seale.)
Sealed, signed and published
in the presence of

John Ashton,
Will^m. Barker.

(His name and signature.)
Sealed, signed, and published
in front of

John Ashton
Will^m. Barker.

Item I give unto Mary Dell the sum of ten pounds.
Item I give to Mary Dell the amount of ten pounds.

I pray [1650] you keep his will private to your selfe and Mr. Hobbes's frends onely.
I ask [1650] you to keep his will confidential, shared only with yourself and Mr. Hobbes's friends.

vi. James Wheldon to John Aubrey.

[1651]Chatsworth, Sept. the 7th, 1680.
Honoured Sir,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Chatsworth, Sept. 7, 1680.
Dear Sir,

Although for these three weekes, since I receaved your letter, I have made all the enquiry I can, yet all [Pg 386]that I hear of the death and buriall of Sir Charles Cavendish is that he was interred at Bolsover in the vault belonging to the family of the duke of Newcastle about the year 1652 or 1653. I will continue to make further inquiry, and if I can learne the day and the month of his death or buriall will give you notice of it.
Although for the past three weeks since I received your letter, I have made all the inquiries I can, all [Pg 386] I hear about the death and burial of Sir Charles Cavendish is that he was buried at Bolsover in the vault belonging to the Duke of Newcastle around the year 1652 or 1653. I will continue to seek more information, and if I can find out the day and the month of his death or burial, I will let you know.

I have sent you underwritten Mr. Hobbes's epitaph written by himselfe, which is but lately come to my hand from a person that copyed it from the originall.
I have sent you Mr. Hobbes's epitaph written by him, which I just received from someone who copied it from the original.

With much respect, I rest, Sir,
Your most humble and obliged servant,
James Wheldon.

Respectfully yours, Sir,
Your most humble and grateful servant,
James Wheldon.

My lord of Devonshire has paid the hundred pounds to Mr. Hobbes's kinred, which he bid Mr. Hobbes dispose of in his will.
My lord of Devonshire has paid the hundred pounds to Mr. Hobbes's family, which he asked Mr. Hobbes to distribute in his will.

Condita hic sunt ossa
Thomae Hobbes
Qui per multos annos servivit
duobus comitibus Devoniae
(patri et filio).
Vir probus, et fama eruditionis.
Domi forisque bene cognitus
Obiit Anno Domini 1679, mensis Dec^is die 4º,
Aetatis suae 91.
Here lie the bones
of Thomas Hobbes
who served for many years
two earls of Devon
(father and son).
A good man, renowned for his knowledge.
Well known both at home and abroad
He died on December 4th, 1679,
at the age of 91.

[1652]To my much honoured frend John Aubrey, esq.
[1652]To my esteemed friend John Aubrey, Esq.

To [1653] be left at Mr. William Crooke's at the Green Dragon without Temple barr, London.
To [1653] be dropped off at Mr. William Crooke's at the Green Dragon near Temple Bar, London.

vii. William Aubrey to John Aubrey.

[1654]Kington, June 5th, 1680.

Deare brother,

Dear brother,

I sopose I shall be here more then a week longer as ... I know not whether Mr. John Stokes or Sir John Knight have the key of the study.
I suppose I’ll be here more than a week longer because... I don’t know whether Mr. John Stokes or Sir John Knight has the key to the study.

[Pg 387]
[Pg 387]

Jo. Tay ... buried 16 of July 1580.
Jo. Tay ... buried July 16, 1580.

Nicholas Fauckener, vicar, buried 20 July 1612.
Nicholas Fauckener, vicar, was buried on July 20, 1612.

Richard Hine [1655]....
Richard Hine__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__....

I shall edevour to set the family of the Powers to rights. It was honest parson P grandmoth think and Jonath. Deekes grandmother was Thomas Lyte's sisters. Alderman Lyte's grandm. was a P of Stanton ..., which James Power, Mr. J. G. nephew might purchase againe with a wife, with 1500 li., but which formerly was worth 360 li. per annum, but he's goeing to creep into one of Jon. Deeks' woolpacks, viz. his daughter.
I will make sure to set things right for the Power family. I think it was honest Parson Power's grandmother, and Jonathan Deek's grandmother was Thomas Lyte's sister. Alderman Lyte's grandmother was a Power from Stanton, which James Power, Mr. J.G.'s nephew, might be able to buy back with a wife and £1500, but it used to be worth £360 a year. However, he plans to sneak into one of Jonathan Deek's woolpacks, namely his daughter.

I was at Malmesbury but did see the church nor register but desired Mr. Binnion the parson to doe against I come againe; but Francis Hobbes' widow's good memory did give me much satisfaction. The register at Westport is not 80 yeares old (not more): the paving [1656] is all new [1657].
I was in Malmesbury but didn't see the church or the register. I asked Mr. Binnion, the parson, to do it for me by the time I come back. However, the good memory of Francis Hobbes' widow gave me a lot of satisfaction. The register at Westport is not more than 80 years old: the paving is all new.

The old vicar Hobs was a good fellow and had been at cards all Saturday night, and at church in his sleep he cries out 'Trafells is troumps [1658]' (viz. clubs). Then quoth the clark, 'Then, master, he tha have ace doe rub.'
The old vicar Hobs was a good guy and had been playing cards all Saturday night. At church, while he was half asleep, he shouted, "Clubs are trump!" Then the clerk said, "Well then, master, you must have the ace of clubs."

He a collirice [1659] man, and a parson (which I thinke succeeded him at Westport) provoked him (a purpose) at the church doore, soe Hobs stroke him and was forcd to fly for it and ... in obscurity beyound London; died there, was about 80 yeares since.
He was a collirice man, and a parson (who I believe succeeded him at Westport) provoked him on purpose at the church door, so Hobs hit him and had to flee for it and ... lived in obscurity beyond London; died there, about 80 years ago.

Mr. William Hobs, a great clothier (old Graye's predisessor in the same house). He had at Cleverton 60 li. or 80 li. per annum, and was first or 2 cousin to the philosipher. But his line is extinct. He was parson Stump's godfather, and brake in his trade. He had 1000 li. left and was 1000 li. in debt; and at London challenged one to throw with him one throw on the dye for 1000 li., and wonn, payd his debt, and afterwards flourished in his trade, and if there [Pg 388]be any inscriptions of H, it must be for him, in the abbye.
Mr. William Hobs, a well-known clothier (old Graye's predecessor in the same house). He earned about 60 or 80 pounds a year in Cleverton and was a first or second cousin to the philosopher. But his line has ended. He was Parson Stump's godfather and went bankrupt in his trade. He had 1,000 pounds left but was also 1,000 pounds in debt; in London, he challenged someone to a single throw bet of 1,000 pounds and won, paid off his debt, and then thrived in his business. If there are any inscriptions of H, they must be for him, in the abbey.

[1660]Mr. William Gale of Chipnam was buried yesterday. I was at Dracot, Wensday last; Sir J. and his lady was writing to you. They are in mourning for the earl of Marleborow. He died to-morrow will be three week [1661]. Sir J L is quartring his coat of arms.
[1660]Mr. William Gale of Chipnam was buried yesterday. I was at Dracot last Wednesday; Sir J. and his lady were writing to you. They are in mourning for the Earl of Marleborow. He passed away three weeks ago tomorrow [1661]. Sir J L is quartering his coat of arms.

To be left at Mr. Hooks lodgings
in Gresham Colledge
in Bishopsgate Street, London [1662].

To be dropped off at Mr. Hook's place
at Gresham College
on Bishopsgate Street, London [1662].

<Pedigree of Hobbes.>

```html ... Hobbes | +----------------------+----------------------+ | | 1. Francis Hobbes m. Katherine, daughter 2. Thomas m. ... Midleton. (This Francis lived of ... Phillips, a Hobbes, | in Burnevall at physician at vicar. | Malmsbury, and Malmsbury. She | died about 40 years later married Mr. | ago, with no children). Potluck of Cirencester. | +---------------------------------+--------------+ | | | 1. Edmund m. Frances Ludlow, 2. Thomas, Anne Hobs m. Thomas Hobbes | of Shipton, com. 'of Malmsbury.' (see infra). Laurence. | Gloucestershire. +-----+-------------+---------------------------+ | | | 1. Mary m. Roger Elinor m. John Harding, Francis Hobs m. Sarah Hobbes | Tirell, Hobbes | of Sadlewood (see infra). Alexander. | of Westport. | in Gloucestershire. | +--------------------------------+ +--+------+----------+------------+---------+ | | | | | | | 1. Roger. 2. Isaac 1. Alce [1663]. 2. Sarah. 3. Mary. | (25 years +---------+-+--------+ old). | | | 1. Roger, 2. James, Mary. aged 28, 23. last April. Anne Hobs (supra: the m. Thomas Laurence. philosopher's sister) | +------------+--------+-------+--+-------+-----------+-----------+ | | | | | | | 1. Thomas, 2. William. Henry, John. 1. Frances, 2. Mary 3. Anne with no children. | with no | m. Richard married Laurence | children. | Dicks, a William married +------+------+ | soldier of Povey, of Richard Gay | | | | the garrison, Malmsbury. of Kington. 1. William. | | | and now not | | 2. Thomas. | | heard of. | | 3. Francis. Thomas. (One daughter.) | +----------+----------+-------+--+ | | | | 1. Thomas. 2. Robert, 3. Richard. 4. John. (R. Wiseman's godson). [Pg 389] Francis Hobs (supra: the m. Sarah Alexander, of philosopher's nephew). Died | Malmsbury. May 6, 12 years ago: his | estate 80 li. per annum, | and more. | +--------------------------+----+-------+-----------+-----------+ | | | | | 1. Thomas m. Anne 2. Edmund, 3. William. 1. Sarah, 2. Francis Hobbes, a | Player, age 19, m. James . Malmsbury, | Malmsbury. Exon's son age 27, | of the Priory last December. | of Kington. His estate, 30 | li. per | annum. | +----------+----------+ | | \--------------------------------------------------/ These are the only male heirs of the Hobbes. ```

It is uncertaine whether Anne Gay have any brother or sister living, but it is pitty the poor woman should have somthing if it be but 5 shillings. If you know the executor speak for her.
It is uncertain whether Anne Gay has any living siblings, but it's a shame the poor woman should have nothing, even if it's just 5 shillings. If you know the executor, please speak on her behalf.

I was saying to Francis Hobbes's widow (who remembers her service to you) that her son should get one of Mr. Thomas Hobbes's printed pictures.
I was telling Francis Hobbes's widow (who remembers her help to you) that her son should receive one of Mr. Thomas Hobbes's printed pictures.

In hast,
Your very affectionat brother,
William Aubrey.

Keep a copie of Rogers' pedegree [1664].[1665]
These to my honoured freind,
Mr. John Awbrey
present.

Fast,
Your loving brother,
William Aubrey.

Keep a copy of Rogers' pedigree [1664].[1665]
These to my honored friend,
Mr. John Awbrey
current.

viii. Hon. Charles Hatton to William Crooke.

v) 'Mr. Hatton's letter about Mr. Hobs': to which Aubrey has added 'scil. the lord Hatton's son.' On fol. 27 is a note, probably by Crooke, of the 'tracts' referred to, viz. 'Life [1666], Rheto [1667], Considerations [1668], Natural Philosophy [1669].'>
v) 'Mr. Hatton's letter about Mr. Hobs': to which Aubrey has added 'that is, the lord Hatton's son.' On fol. 27 is a note, likely by Crooke, of the 'tracts' mentioned, namely 'Life [1666], Rhetoric [1667], Considerations [1668], Natural Philosophy [1669].'>

[1670]Mr. Crooke,

__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Mr. Crooke,

I thanke you for the perusall of Mr. Hobbs his tracts which wase a civility I did not expect or desire, for [Pg 390]I wou'd not have you at any time deliver any booke to any person who comes in my name unless he then payes you for it. I did desire only to know exactly the particular price of each tract bound apart in marble'd leather, guilt on the backe and ribbed, which pray send me by the bearer by whom I returne you your booke.
I appreciate you taking the time to read Mr. Hobbs' tracts, which was a courtesy I didn't expect or ask for. For [Pg 390], I wouldn't want you to give any book to anyone who comes in my name unless they pay you for it at that time. I only wanted to know the exact price of each tract bound separately in marbled leather, with gold on the spine and ribbed, so please send that information with the person I return your book with.

I have cursorily looked over Mr. Hobbs his life in Latine which I beleeve will be a very vendible booke both here and beyond sea, for ther is noe lover of learning but will have the curiosity to be particularly informed of the life of soe eminent a person. And truly the reading of it wase very satisfactory to me, for in my apprehension it is very well writ, but I cou'd have wish'd the author had more dilated upon some particulars; and because you intimate a designe to publish it in English I shall hint to you that the author of the life in Latine hath either not taken notice of at all, or too slightingly, some things very remarkeable relating to the temper of Mr. Hobbs his mind or to the infirmity of his body, as his extraordinary timorousnes which he himself in his Latine poem doth very ingeniously confess and attributes it to the influence of his mother's dread of the Spanish invasion in 88, she being then with child of him. And I have been informed, I think by your self, that Mr. Hobbs wase for severall yeares before he died soe paralyticall that he wase scarce able to write his name, and that in the absence of his amanuensis not being able to write anything he made scrawls on a piece of paper to remind him of the conceptions of his mind he design'd to have committed to writing. But the author [1671] of his life in Latine only sath that about 60 yeares of age he wase taken with a trembling in his hands, the forerunner of the palsy; which in my apprehension deserves to be enlarg'd upon, for it is very prodigious that neither the timorousness of his nature from his infancy, nor the decay of his vital heat in the extremity of old age, accompagnied with the palsy to that violence, shou'd not have chill'd the briske fervour and vigour of his mind, which did wonder[Pg 391]fully continue to him to his last; which is a subject fit to be discours'd on by a genious equally philosophicall with Mr. Hobbs, wase that now to be hoped for. It is soe considerable to me that I cou'd not refrayne acquainting you that in my apprehension it wase convenient you tooke notice therof in his life you are setting forth in English.
I quickly skimmed through Mr. Hobbs' life in Latin, which I believe will be a very sellable book both here and overseas, because any lover of learning will be curious to know about the life of such an important person. Honestly, reading it was very satisfying for me, as I think it’s very well written, but I wish the author had elaborated on certain details. Since you mentioned a plan to publish it in English, I should point out that the author of the Latin version either overlooked or briefly mentioned some very noteworthy aspects related to Mr. Hobbs’ character and his physical frailty, like his extreme timidity, which he cleverly admits in his Latin poem and attributes to his mother’s fear of the Spanish invasion in '88 when she was pregnant with him. I've been informed, I think by you, that Mr. Hobbs was so paralyzed in the years before he died that he could barely write his name, and in the absence of his assistant, he would just scrawl on a piece of paper to remind himself of the thoughts he wanted to write down. However, the author of his life in Latin only mentions that around the age of 60, he developed a tremor in his hands, which was a sign of the impending palsy. In my opinion, this should be explored in greater depth because it’s astonishing that neither his timid nature from childhood nor the decline of his vitality in old age, accompanied by the severe palsy, did not dull the lively spirit and vigor of his mind, which astonishingly remained until the end. This is a topic worthy of discussion by a mind as philosophical as Mr. Hobbs, if that were to be hoped for now. It’s so significant to me that I couldn’t help but mention that I think it’s important for you to take note of this in the life you are setting forth in English.

I am, your assured freind,
C. Hatton.

[1672]Mr. Crooke, at the Green Dragon,
nere Temple-bar.

I am your trusted friend,
C. Hatton

[1672]Mr. Crooke, at the Green Dragon,
near Temple Bar.
Notes.

[FF] (P. 323.) On fol. 29^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Anthony Wood notes:—'Send to Malmsburie to take out of the register the Christian name of Mr. Hobs' father, when Mr. Hobbs was borne, or when his said father was buried.' [On this Aubrey notes:—'As I remember he dyed at Thistleworth; vide the register booke at Thistleworth, where Mr. Hobbes his father lived in obscurity a reader, and there dyed about 1630.'] Wood goes on:—'I remember when I was there' Life and Times, ii. 410, 411> 'there were two inscriptions of the Hobs on brass plates; one dyed 1606, quaere. Take out the names of all the Hobs in the register.' Obedient to this advice, Aubrey sent his brother William to Malmesbury: supra, p. 387.
[FF] (P. 323.) On fol. 29^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Anthony Wood mentions:—'Send someone to Malmesbury to find out the first name of Mr. Hobs' father, when Mr. Hobbs was born, or when his father was buried.' [On this, Aubrey notes:—'As I recall, he died at Thistleworth; check the register book at Thistleworth, where Mr. Hobbes' father lived quietly as a reader, and died around 1630.'] Wood continues:—'I remember when I was there' Life and Times, ii. 410, 411> 'there were two inscriptions of the Hobs on brass plates; one died in 1606, inquire further. Get the names of all the Hobs in the register.' Following this advice, Aubrey sent his brother William to Malmesbury: supra, p. 387.

[FG] (P. 323.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, Aubrey puts the substance of this paragraph in a neater form:—
[FG] (P. 323.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, Aubrey expresses the content of this paragraph more clearly:—

'Mr. Hobbes' father was minister of Westport, to which Brokenborough and Charlton doe belong as chapells of ease, but all not worth above.... He was one of the clergie of Queen Elizabeth's time—a little learning went a great way with him and many other Sir Johns in those days—he read homilies.'
'Mr. Hobbes' father was the minister of Westport, which includes Brokenborough and Charlton as chapels of ease, but none were worth much. He was one of the clergy during Queen Elizabeth's reign—limited knowledge went a long way for him and many other Sir Johns back then—he read sermons.'

[FH] (P. 323.) On fol. 30 of MS. Aubr. 9 is another draft of this paragraph:—'He had an elder brother, Francis Hobbes, a wealthy man, and had been alderman of the borough' (dupl. with 'towne'); 'by profession a glover, which is a great trade here and was heretofore greater. He was orbus. He contributed much, or altogether maintained his nephew Thomas at Magdalen Hall in Oxon; and when he dyed gave him an agellum (vocat. "the Gasten"), which lyes neer the horse faire: valet per annum 16 li. vel 18 li.'
[FH] (P. 323.) On page 30 of MS. Aubr. 9 is another draft of this paragraph:—'He had an older brother, Francis Hobbes, a wealthy man, who had served as an alderman of the borough' (duplicate with 'town'); 'by trade a glover, which is a significant business here and was even more important in the past. He was orbus. He contributed a lot, or fully supported his nephew Thomas at Magdalen Hall in Oxford; and when he died, he gave him an agellum (called "the Gasten"), which is located near the horse fair: worth per year 16 li. or 18 li.'

[FI] (P. 324.) Anthony Wood notes:—'Quaere in the register of Brakenborough when they were maried and their you'l find her Christian name.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.
[FI] (P. 324.) Anthony Wood observes:—'Check the Brakenborough register to find out when they got married, and you'll see her first name there.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.

[FJ] (P. 326.) In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31^v, Anthony Wood suggests the following paragraph for the transition from the account of Malmsbury to the life of Hobbes:—
[FJ] (P. 326.) In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31^v, Anthony Wood proposes this paragraph as a transition from the account of Malmsbury to Hobbes' life:—

'As Malmsbury was famous in this respect that it gave death and buriall to that famous philosopher of his time Johannes Scotus alias Erigina who was stabd to death with penknives by his scholars, where there was a statue set up in memory of him (ut in Hist. et Antiq. Oxon. lib. 1, pag. 16 b), so much more famous in later times for the birth of that great philosopher T. H.'
As Malmsbury was known for being the place where the famous philosopher Johannes Scotus, also known as Erigena, was killed by his students with penknives, and where a statue was erected in his memory (as noted in Hist. et Antiq. Oxon. lib. 1, pag. 16 b), it became even more renowned later for the birth of the great philosopher T. H.

In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey begins his sketch of Hobbes' life thus:—'Westport juxta Malmesbury:—This place is for nothing so famous as for the birth of my honoured and learned friend and countryman, Mr. Thomas Hobbes, author of de Corpore, de Homine, de Cive, etc.
In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey starts his description of Hobbes' life like this:—'Westport near Malmesbury:—This place is famous not for much else but for being the birthplace of my respected and educated friend and fellow countryman, Mr. Thomas Hobbes, author of de Corpore, de Homine, de Cive, etc.

He was borne the 5th day of Aprill 1588 at his father's howse, which is the farthest on the left hand as you goe in the way or street called ..., leaving the church on the right hand.'
He was born on April 5, 1588, at his father's house, which is the farthest to the left as you enter the street called ..., leaving the church on your right.

[FK] (P. 326.) The verses alluded to are in Hobbes's metrical life of himself (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28—'he writt his life last yeare, viz. 1673, in Latin verse'). Aubrey cites these lines, MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31^v:—
[FK] (P. 326.) The verses referenced are from Hobbes's poetic autobiography (MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28—'he wrote his life last year, namely 1673, in Latin verse'). Aubrey mentions these lines, MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31^v:—

'T.H. Vita in verse
'T.H. Vita in poetry

The town is small; however, it has many things to tell. Digna, but especially the famous monastery,
And a castle (better if they should be called two castles)
The hill is located and almost surrounded by a twin river.

Vide mapp' v, Aubrey gives a 'map' of Malmesbury: see supra, pp. 325, 326>.
Vide map v, Aubrey provides a 'map' of Malmesbury: see above, pp. 325, 326>.

On this Anthony Wood comments: 'See 1 vol. of Monast. Anglican. concerning the monastery.'
On this, Anthony Wood comments: 'See vol. 1 of Monast. Anglican. about the monastery.'

[FL] (P. 326.) The matter of this paragraph is put a little more clearly in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28: 'Westport juxta Malmesbury:—The church was dedicated to St. Mary. Here were three aisles [1673] which tooke up the whole area. And reported to be more ancient then the abbey. In the windowes (which were very good) were inscriptions which declared so much. Quaere, if Madulph the Scottsman taught here—unde origo monasterii? Vide Camdenum de hoc.
[FL] (P. 326.) This paragraph’s content is explained a bit more clearly in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28: 'Westport near Malmesbury:—The church was dedicated to St. Mary. It had three aisles [1673] that occupied the entire area. It was said to be older than the abbey. The windows (which were quite impressive) had inscriptions that stated this. Is it true that Madulph the Scotsman taught here—where did the monastery originate? See Camden on this.'

Before the late warres here was a prettie church, where were very good windowes and a faire steeple, higher than the other, which much adorned the towne of Malmesbury. In it were five tuneable bells, which Sir William Waller or his army melted into ordinance, or rather sold. The church was pulled downe that the enimie might not shelter themselves against the garrison of Malmesbury.'
Before the recent wars, there was a lovely church with beautiful windows and a tall spire that stood out in the town of Malmesbury. It housed five functional bells that Sir William Waller or his army melted down for artillery, or possibly sold. The church was demolished so the enemy couldn't take cover against the defenses of Malmesbury.

[FM] (P. 328.) Aubrey's Collection of Genitures is now MS. Aubr. 23. The place Aubrey here refers to is fol. 52^v in that MS., viz.:—
[FM] (P. 328.) Aubrey's Collection of Genitures is now MS. Aubr. 23. The place Aubrey mentions is fol. 52^v in that manuscript, specifically:—

'Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury borne at Westport juxta Malmesbury 1588, April 5, being Good Fryday, 5^h 2´ mane, horâ solis' . 'I had the yeare, and day, and houre from his owne mouth.'
'Mr. Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury was born at Westport near Malmesbury on April 5, 1588, which was Good Friday, at 5:02 AM, at sunrise. I got the year, day, and hour from his own mouth.'

Aubrey in several places recurs to this point, e.g. in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28:—
Aubrey brings this up several times, for example, in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28:—

'Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that he was borne Apr. 5^th 1588 on Good Fryday, in the morning between 4 and six.'
'Mr. Thomas Hobbes told me that he was born on April 5th, 1588, on Good Friday, in the morning between 4 and 6.'

[FN] (P. 328.) Aubrey took great interest in this as an example in astrology, in which 'art' he thoroughly believed. He alludes to Hobbes's horoscope in several places, e.g. note on fol. 32^v in MS. Aubr. 9:—
[FN] (P. 328.) Aubrey was very interested in this as an example in astrology, which he completely believed in. He refers to Hobbes's horoscope in several instances, for example, in the note on fol. 32^v in MS. Aubr. 9:—

'Dr. Bernard, physitian, will write a discourse on his nativity. Mr. John Gadbury hath calculated this nativity from my time given, and will print it. Why should not I insert' 'the scheme and give a summary of his judgement? It would be gratefull to those that love that art.' Whereon Anthony Wood notes—'You should never ask these questions but do them out of hand forthwith—you have time enough, and if it be done by Easter terme 'tis well.'
Dr. Francis Bernard, physician, will write a talk about his birth chart. Mr. John Gadbury has calculated this birth chart based on the time I've provided and will publish it. Why shouldn't I include the chart and give a summary of his analysis? It would be appreciated by those who love that field. In response, Anthony Wood notes—"You shouldn't ask these questions but just get it done right away—you have plenty of time, and if it's done by Easter term, that's great."

MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28:—' to Mr. J. Gadbury and Dr. Bernard accidents.'
MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28:—'Send to Mr. J. Gadbury and Dr. Bernard T. H.'s accidents.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8:—'T. Hobbes—Quaere Dr. Bernard pro his nativity: vide my Collection of Genitures ubi from his owne mouth more correct then formerly, viz. 5^h 2´ mane.'
MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8:—'T. Hobbes—Check with Dr. Bernard regarding his birth details: see my Collection of Birth Charts where you can find it more accurately from his own words, namely, 5^h 2´ in the morning.'

This horoscope is given in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 82, and is reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.
This horoscope is found in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 82, and is reproduced in facsimile at the end of this edition.

Pasted on to fol. 1^v of MS. Aubr. 9 is the scheme with this note:—'This scheme was erected according to the aestimate time by Mr. Henry Coley, astrologer.—Thomas Hobbes, Malmesburiensis, borne at Westport juxta Malmesbury, 1588, April 5, being Good Fryday, 5^h 2´ mane, hora solis [1674]. I had the yeare and day and houre from his owne mouth.'
Pasted onto fol. 1^v of MS. Aubr. 9 is the scheme with this note:—'This scheme was created according to the estimated time by Mr. Henry Coley, astrologer.—Thomas Hobbes, from Malmesbury, born in Westport near Malmesbury, on April 5, 1588, which was Good Friday, at 5^h 2´ in the morning, during the hour of the sun [1674]. I got the year, day, and hour directly from him.'

[FO] (P. 328.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, thus:—'At fower yeer old Mr. Thomas Hobbes went to schoole in Westport church till 8—then[1675] the church was painted. At 8 he could read well and number a matter of four or five figures.
[FO] (P. 328.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, it states:—'At four years old, Mr. Thomas Hobbes started school in Westport church until he was 8—then[1675] the church was painted. By the age of 8, he could read well and handle numbers up to four or five digits.

After, he went to Malmesbury to parson Evans.
Afterwards, he went to Malmesbury to see Parson Evans.

After him, he had for his schoolemaster, Mr. Robert Latimer [CXXIX.], a good Graecian; by whom he so well profited that at 14 yeares old he went a good scholler to Magdalen Hall in Oxford.'
After him, he had Mr. Robert Latimer [CXXIX.] as his schoolmaster, who was great at Greek. He learned so much from him that by the age of 14, he was already a good student at Magdalen Hall in Oxford.

[CXXIX.] Who being a bachelor (not above 19) taught him and two or three more ingeniose laddes after supper till 9.
[CXXIX.] A single guy (not older than 19) taught him and a couple of other clever boys after dinner until 9 PM.

[FP] (P. 330.) As seen in the next paragraph, there was some doubt as to which 'Principal of Magdalen Hall' recommended Hobbes to the earl of Devonshire's service. In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29, is the note:—
[FP] (P. 330.) As shown in the next paragraph, there was uncertainty about which 'Principal of Magdalen Hall' suggested Hobbes for the earl of Devonshire's service. In MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29, there is a note:—

'Take notice of Dr. Blackburne's altering some times and dates,' Auctarium vitae Hobbianae> 'differing from this originall, e.g. of Mr. Hobbes being admitted at Magdalen Hall when Sir James Hussey was principall, which he would doe against my consent because he sayd it "would make a better picture," wheras by the matriculation-booke it appeares that Dr. Wilkinson was then the principall.'
'Notice how Dr. Blackburne changes some times and dates,' Auctarium vitae Hobbianae> 'that differ from the original, for instance, regarding Mr. Hobbes being admitted to Magdalen Hall when Sir James Hussey was principal, which he would do against my wishes because he said it "would make a better picture," whereas the matriculation book shows that Dr. Wilkinson was actually the principal at that time.'

[FQ] (P. 331.) On fol. 34^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey has the following account of Gorhambury:—
[FQ] (P. 331.) On page 34^v of MS. Aubr. 9, Aubrey provides the following description of Gorhambury:—

'Memorandum in my Liber B [1675]. I have sett downe an exact description of this delicious parquet [1676], now (1656) plowed up and spoil'd. The east part of it which extends towards Verulam-house (pulled downe, and the materialls sold by Sir H Grimston, about ten yeares since) consisted of severall parts, viz. some thickets of plumme-trees, with fine walkes between; some of rasberies. Here were planted most fruit-trees which would grow in our climate; and also severall choice forest-trees. The walkes both of boscages and fruit-trees; and in severall places where were the best prospects, were built elegant summerhouses [1677] of Roman architecture, then standing (1656) well [1678] wainscotted, but the paving gonne. One would have thought the most barbarous nation had made a conquest here. This place was, in his lordship's time, a sanctuary for phesants, partridges, and those of severall kinds and nations, as Spanish, &c. speckled, white, etc. I have, in this lib. B., four leves in fol. close written of the two houses, gardens, woods, &c. and of his lordship's manner of living and grandarie, which perhaps would doe well in a description of Hartfordshire, or, perhaps [1679], in his lordship's life.'
'Memorandum in my Liber B [1675]. I have written a detailed description of this beautiful garden [1676], now (1656) plowed up and ruined. The eastern part of it, which stretches toward Verulam House (demolished, and the materials sold by Sir H Grimston about ten years ago), included several areas, namely some thickets of plum trees with nice paths between them, and some raspberry bushes. Most fruit trees that could thrive in our climate were planted here, as well as several select forest trees. The paths among the groves and fruit trees included elegant summerhouses [1677] of Roman design, which were still (in 1656) nicely paneled, although the paving was gone. It looked as if the most barbaric nation had taken over this place. During his lordship's time, this area served as a sanctuary for pheasants, partridges, and various kinds and breeds, including speckled and white Spanish ones, etc. In this lib. B., I have four pages in folio, written closely about the two houses, gardens, woods, etc., and about his lordship's style of living and estate, which might be suitable for a description of Hertfordshire or, perhaps [1679], in his lordship's life.'

[FR] (P. 332.) In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, is this note:—'Dr. Pell says that for a man to begin to study mathematics at 40 yeares old, 'tis as if one should at that age learne to play on the lute—applicable to Mr. Thomas Hobbes. Vide vitam Jonae Moore.'
[FR] (P. 332.) In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, is this note:—'Dr. John Pell says that for a man to start studying mathematics at 40 years old, it’s like trying to learn how to play the lute at that age—this applies to Mr. Thomas Hobbes. See the life of Jonae Moore.'

[FS] (P. 338.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, thus:—
[FS] (P. 338.) In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 26, it says:—

'Memorandum:—about the time of the King's returne [CXXX.], he was makeing of a very good poëme in Latin hexameters. It was the history of the encroachment of the clergie (both Roman and Reformed) on the civill power. I sawe at least 300 verses (they were mark't). At what time there was a report the bishops would have him burn't for a heretique. So he then feared the search of his papers and burned the greatest part of these verses.'
'Memorandum:—around the time of the King's return [CXXX.], he was writing a really good poem in Latin hexameters. It was about the clergy's (both Roman and Reformed) encroachment on civil power. I saw at least 300 verses (they were marked). At that time, there were rumors that the bishops wanted him burned for being a heretic. So he was worried about the search of his papers and burned most of those verses.'

[CXXX.] Quaere in what yeares his bookes were writ.
[CXXX.] Ask during which years his books were written.

[FT] (P. 339.) The first draft of this passage stood as follows, MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 40, 41:—'In April following was the dawning of the coming in of our gracious soveraigne, who being a great lover of curious painting I knew could not but sett for his picture to my ever honoured friend Mr. S. Cowper, who [1680] besides his art was an ingeniose person and of great humanity. In April I wrott a letter to Mr. Hobbes in Derbyshire, by all meanes desiring him to come-up and make use of the opportunity of renewing his majestie's graces to him at our friend's howse. He thanked me for'—etc.
[FT] (P. 339.) The first draft of this passage read as follows, MS. Aubr. 9, foll. 40, 41:—'In the following April, our gracious sovereign was set to arrive. Knowing he was a great lover of fine paintings, I was certain he would want his portrait done by my esteemed friend Mr. S. Cowper, who [1680] was not only skilled in his craft but also a clever and kind person. In April, I wrote a letter to Mr. Hobbes in Derbyshire, urging him to come up and take the chance to renew his majesty's favor at our friend's house. He thanked me for'—etc.

[FU] (P. 341.) Aubrey, writing to Wood, on Feb. 3, 1672/3, enlarges on this treatise: Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 196^v:—
[FU] (P. 341.) Aubrey, writing to Wood, on Feb. 3, 1672/3, expands on this treatise: Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 196^v:—

'The old gent. (T. Hobbes) is strangely vigorous, for his understanding, still; and every morning walkes abroad to meditate.
The old guy (T. Hobbes) is surprisingly energetic for his age; and every morning he goes out for a walk to think.

'He haz writt a treatise concerning lawe, which 8 or 9 yeares since I much importuned him to doe, and, in order to it, gave him the Lord Chancellor Bacon's Maximes of the Lawe. Now every one will doe him the right to acknowledge he is rare for definitions, and the lawyers building on old-fashiond maximes (some right, some wrong) must need fall into severall paralogismes. Upon this consideration I was earnest with him to consider these things. To which he was unwilling, telling me he doubted he should not have dayes enough left to doe it.
He has written a treatise on law, which about 8 or 9 years ago I urged him to do, and to help with that, I gave him the Lord Chancellor Bacon's Maximes of the Law. Now everyone will be fair to acknowledge he is exceptional with definitions, and lawyers relying on outdated maxims (some correct, some incorrect) will inevitably fall into various fallacies. Considering this, I was persistent with him to think about these issues. He was reluctant, telling me he feared he wouldn’t have enough days left to complete it.

'He drives on, in this, the king's prerogative high. Judge Hales, who is no great courtier, has read it and much mislikes it, and is his enemy. Judge Vaughan has read it and much commends it.'
He continues to drive on, fully embracing the king's authority. Judge Hales, who isn't really a fan of the court, has read it and dislikes it a lot, making him an opponent. Judge Vaughan has read it and praises it highly.

[FV] (P. 355.) Note, however, that on some of the letters from Hobbes in MS. Aubr. 9, viz., those of date March 25, 1679 (fol. 11^v, fol. 13^v), and that of date Aug. 18, 1679 (fol. 15^v), the seal shows a gate or portcullis, with an R turned backwards, i.e. Я, on the left side of it.
[FV] (P. 355.) However, note that in some of Hobbes's letters in MS. Aubr. 9, specifically those dated March 25, 1679 (fol. 11^v, fol. 13^v), and the one dated August 18, 1679 (fol. 15^v), the seal features a gate or portcullis, with a backwards R, i.e. Я, on its left side.

James Wheldon's letter of Jan. 16, 1679/80 (fol. 17^v), has a seal bearing a man's bust, with helmet and cuirass.
James Wheldon's letter dated Jan. 16, 1679/80 (fol. 17^v), features a seal showing a man's bust, complete with a helmet and armor.

[FW] (P. 357.) In MS. Aubr. 21, p. 19, Aubrey, in his projected comedy, makes use of this verdict on the innate cruelty of some dispositions. He puts into the mouth of his country-justice this speech:—
[FW] (P. 357.) In MS. Aubr. 21, p. 19, Aubrey, in his planned comedy, references this opinion about the natural cruelty found in some personalities. He has his local judge say this:—

"If ye talke of skinnes, the best judgment to be made of the fineness of skinnes is at the whipping-post by the stripes. Ah! 'tis the best lechery to see 'em suffer correction. Your London aldermen take great lechery to see the poor wretches whipt at the court at Bridewell."
"If you're talking about skins, the best way to judge their quality is at the whipping post by the stripes. Ah! It's quite a dark pleasure to see them endure punishment. The London aldermen take great delight in watching the poor wretches get whipped at the court in Bridewell."

On which Aubrey goes on to comment: 'Old Justice Hooke gave ... per lash to wenches; as also my old friend George Pott, esq. Vide Animadversions Philosophicall on that ugly kind of pleasure and of crueltie—were it not for the law there were no living; some would take delight in killing of men.'
On which Aubrey comments: 'Old Justice Hooke gave ... per lash to women; as did my old friend George Pott, Esq. See Philosophical Observations on that ugly kind of pleasure and cruelty—if it weren't for the law, there would be no life; some would enjoy killing people.'

[FX] (P. 375.) The substance is:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ (P. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.) The content is:—

'Hobbes brought to the investigation of facts an acute intellect and long experience, and carried on, into the next generation, the Baconian spirit.
Hobbes approached the investigation of facts with sharp intellect and extensive experience, and he continued the Baconian spirit into the next generation.

'He had been Bacon's secretary, and owed much to his master, from whom, in particular, he borrowed his comparative, i.e. inductive, methods. But he had also fine natural gifts.
He had been Bacon's secretary and owed a lot to his mentor, from whom he specifically borrowed his comparative, or inductive, methods. But he also had great natural gifts.

'He excited the fears, and therefore the hostility, of the clerical party in England, and of the Oxford mathematicians and their supporters. For this reason, Charles II compared him to a bear, worried by mastiffs.
He stirred up the fears, and therefore the hostility, of the clerical faction in England, as well as the Oxford mathematicians and their supporters. Because of this, Charles II likened him to a bear, harassed by mastiffs.

'In his political system, he insisted on the necessity of wisdom in sovereigns. In not meddling with the Creeds of the Churches and in assailing the Presbyterians and the Bishops of England, he is not to be blamed.'
'In his political system, he emphasized the importance of wisdom in rulers. He shouldn’t be criticized for not interfering with the beliefs of the churches and for challenging the Presbyterians and the Bishops of England.'

[Pg 392]
[Pg 393]
[Pg 394]
[Pg 395]
[Pg 392]
[Pg 393]
[Pg 394]
[Pg 395]

Note that, on fol. 42^v of MS. Aubr. 9, is a note 'to the earl of Devon, then in Great Queen Street,' with a mark referring it to the opposite page. The then opposite page is, in the present foliation, fol. 48, but has now nothing to which the note can be attached. There are traces, however, which show that a slip has been torn off it.
Note that on fol. 42^v of MS. Aubr. 9, there's a note 'to the earl of Devon, then in Great Queen Street,' with a mark linking it to the opposite page. The opposite page at that time is currently fol. 48, but there's nothing on it now that relates to the note. However, there are signs that a piece has been torn off it.

Thomas Hobbes' life, by himself.

<Aubrey's preface.>

[1681]This was the draught that Mr. Hobbs first did leave in my hands, which he sent for about two yeares before he died, and wrote that which is printed in his Life in Latin by Dr. Richard Blackburn which I lent to him and he was carelesse and not remaunded it from the printer and so 'twas made wast paper of.
[1681]This was the draft that Mr. Hobbs first left with me, which he sent about two years before he died, and wrote what is printed in his Life in Latin by Dr. Richard Blackburn. I lent it to him, and he was careless and didn’t ask for it back from the printer, and so it became waste paper.

<Hobbes' autobiography.>

[1682]Thomas Hobbes, natus Apr. 5, 1588, Malmesburiae agri Wiltoniensis, literis Latinis et Graecis initiatus, annum agens decimum quartum missus est Oxonium: ubi per [Pg 396]quinquennium mansit, operam impendens studio Logicae et Physicae Aristotelicae.
[1682]Thomas Hobbes, born April 5, 1588, in Malmesbury, Wiltshire, started his education in Latin and Greek. At the age of fourteen, he was sent to Oxford, where he stayed for five years, focusing on studying Aristotelian Logic and Physics.

Cum annum ageret vicesimum commendatus ab amicis, Oxonio relicto, recepit se in domum domini Gulielmi Cavendish, baronis de Hardwick et (paulo post) comitis Devoniae: ubi filio ejus primogenito, adolescenti sibi fere coaetaneo, servivit, placuitque tum filio tum patri, temperans, sedulus, hilaris.
Cum annum ageret vicesimum commendatus ab amicis, Oxonio relicto, recepit se in domum domini Gulielmi Cavendish, baronis de Hardwick et (paulo post) comitis Devoniae: ubi filio ejus primogenito, adolescenti sibi fere coaetaneo, servivit, placuitque tum filio tum patri, temperans, sedulus, hilaris.

Anno sequente cum domino suo in urbe perpetuo fere degens, quod didicerat linguae Graecae et Latinae magna ex parte amiserat.
Anno sequente cum domino suo in urbe perpetuo fere degens, quod didicerat linguae Graecae et Latinae magna ex parte amiserat.

Deinde per Italiam et Galliam peregrinantem dominum sequutus, gentium illarum linguas eousque didicit ut intelligere eas mediocriter potuerit. Interea Graecam et Latinam paulatim perire sibi sentiens, Philosophiam autem Logicamque (in quibus praeclare profecisse se arbitrabatur) viris prudentibus derisui esse videns, abjecta Logica et Philosophia illa vana, quantum temporis habebat vacui impendere decrevit linguis Graecae et Latinae.
Deinde per Italiam et Galliam peregrinantem dominum sequutus, gentium illarum linguas eousque didicit ut intelligere eas mediocriter potuerit. Interea Graecam et Latinam paulatim perire sibi sentiens, Philosophiam autem Logicamque (in quibus praeclare profecisse se arbitrabatur) viris prudentibus derisui esse videns, abjecta Logica et Philosophia illa vana, quantum temporis habebat vacui impendere decrevit linguis Graecae et Latinae.

Itaque cum in Angliam reversus esset, Historias et Poetas (adhibitis grammaticorum celebrium commentariis) versavit diligenter, non ut floride sed ut Latine posset scribere, et vim verborum cogitatis congruentem invenire, itaque verba disponere ut lectio perspicua et facilis esset. Inter Historias Graecas, Thucididem prae caeteris dilexit et vacuis horis in sermonem Anglicum paulatim conversum cum nonnullâ laude circa annum Christi 1628 in publicum edidit, eo fine ut ineptiae democraticorum Atheniensium concivibus suis patefierent.
When he returned to England, he carefully translated histories and poets (with the help of famous grammarians’ commentaries), not to write elegantly but to write in Latin, and to find the appropriate strength of words, arranging them so that the reading would be clear and easy. Among Greek historians, he favored Thucydides above all and, in his free time, gradually translated him into English, publishing it with some praise around the year 1628, with the aim of exposing the foolishness of the democratic Athenians to his fellow citizens.

Eo anno comes Devoniae, cui jam servierat viginti annos, diem obiit, patre ejus biennio ante defuncto.
Eo anno, the Earl of Devon, who had already served for twenty years, passed away, two years after his father had died.

Anno sequente, qui erat Christi 1629, cum attigisset annum quadragesimum, rogatus a nobilissimo viro domino Gervasio Clinton ut vellet filium adolescentem suum comitari in Galliam, accepit conditionem. In peregrinatione illa inspicere coepit in elementa Euclidis; et delectatus methodo illius non tam ob theoremata illa quam ob artem rationandi diligentissime perlegit.
Anno sequente, qui erat Christi 1629, cum attigisset annum quadragesimum, rogatus a nobilissimo viro domino Gervasio Clinton ut vellet filium adolescentem suum comitari in Galliam, accepit conditionem. In peregrinatione illa inspicere coepit in elementa Euclidis; et delectatus methodo illius non tam ob theoremata illa quam ob artem rationandi diligentissime perlegit.

[Pg 397]
[Pg 397]

Anno Christi 1631 revocatus est in familiam comitissae Devoniae ut filium suum comitem Devoniae, natum annos 13, in literis instrueret; quem etiam circiter triennium post comitatus est in Galliam et Italiam, studiorum ejus et itinerum rector.
Anno Christi 1631, he was invited back to the household of the Countess of Devon to educate her son, the Earl of Devon, who was 13 years old, in his studies. He also spent about three years after that accompanying him to France and Italy as his guide during his studies and travels.

Dum moraretur Parisiis, principia scientiae naturalis investigare coepit. Quae cum in natura et varietate motuum contineri sciret, quaesivit inprimis qualis motus is esse posset qui efficit sensionem, intellectum, phantasmata, aliasque proprietates animalium, cogitatis suis cum reverendo patre Marino Mersenno, ordinis Minimorum, in omni genere philosophiae versatissimo viroque optimo, quotidie communicatis.
Dum moraretur Parisiis, principia scientiae naturalis investigare coepit. Quae cum in natura et varietate motuum contineri sciret, quaesivit inprimis qualis motus is esse posset qui efficit sensionem, intellectum, phantasmata, aliasque proprietates animalium, cogitatis suis cum reverendo patre Marino Mersenno, ordinis Minimorum, in omni genere philosophiae versatissimo viroque optimo, quotidie communicatis.

Anno Christi 1637 cum patrono suo in Angliam rediit et apud illum mansit; unde de rebus naturalibus commercia cum Mersenno per literas continuavit.
Anno Christi 1637, he returned to England with his patron and stayed with him; from there, he continued his correspondence with Mersenne about natural things through letters.

Interea Scoti, depulsis episcopis, sumpserunt arma contra regem, faventibus etiam ministris Anglis illis qui vocari solent Presbyteriani. Itaque convocatum est in Anglia Parlamentum illud notissimum quod inceptum est Nov. 3, 1640. Ex iis quae in illo Parlamento tribus quatuorve diebus primis consulta viderat, Bellum Civile ingruere et tantum non adesse sentiens, retulit se rursus in Galliam, scientiarum studio Parisiis tutius vacaturus cum Mersenno, Gassendo, aliisque viris propter eruditionem et vim in rationando celeberrimis—non enim dico philosophis, quia nomen illud, a plurimis nebulonibus jamdiu gestatum, tritum, inquinatum, nunc infame est.
Meanwhile, the Scots, having expelled the bishops, took up arms against the king, with the support of English ministers who are known as Presbyterians. As a result, the famous Parliament was convened in England, which began on November 3, 1640. From what he observed in that Parliament during the first three or four days, realizing that the Civil War was approaching and nearly upon them, he returned once again to France, intending to devote himself more safely to the study of sciences in Paris with Mersenne, Gassendi, and other highly esteemed men for their knowledge and reasoning skills—I'm not calling them philosophers, as that title, long worn by many charlatans, has become worn out, tainted, and now infamous.

Cum jam Parisiis ageret, libellum scripsit De Cive, quem edidit anno 1646, quo tempore, praevalentibus Parlamentariis, multi eorum qui partes regis sequuti erant, et in illis princeps Walliae (qui nunc est rex Angliae), Parisiis confluxerunt. Statuerat circa idem tempus,[1683]hortatu amici cujusdam nobilis Languedociani, migrare in Languedociam, et praemiserat jam quae sibi necessaria erant, sed commendatus principi ut elementa Mathematicae illi praelegeret, substit Parisiis.
Cum jam Parisiis ageret, libellum scripsit De Cive, quem edidit anno 1646, quo tempore, praevalentibus Parlamentariis, multi eorum qui partes regis sequuti erant, et in illis princeps Walliae (qui nunc est rex Angliae), Parisiis confluxerunt. Statuerat circa idem tempus,[1683]hortatu amici cujusdam nobilis Languedociani, migrare in Languedociam, et praemiserat jam quae sibi necessaria erant, sed commendatus principi ut elementa Mathematicae illi praelegeret, substitit Parisiis.

[Pg 398]
[Pg 398]

Quod ab hoc munere temporis habuit vacui consumpsit in scribendo librum qui nunc non solum in Anglia sed in vicinis gentibus notissimus est, nomine Leviathan; quem etiam in Anglia edendum curavit, ipse manens adhuc Parisiis, anno 1651, annum agens 63^m. In eo opere jus regium tum spirituale tum temporale ita demonstravit tum rationibus tum authoritate scripturae sacrae, ut perspicuum fecerit pacem in orbe Christiano nusquam diuturnam esse posse nisi vel doctrina illa sua recepta fuerit vel satis magnus exercitus cives ad concordiam compulerit: opus ut ille sperabat concivibus suis, praesertim vero illis qui ab episcopis steterant, non ingratum. Quanquam enim unicuique, illo tempore, scribere et edere theologica quae vellet liberum erat, quia regimen ecclesiae (potestate declarandi quae doctrinae essent haereses, ipsius regis authoritate sublata, episcopis exutis, rege ipso trucidato) tum nullum erat, diligenter tamen cavit ne quid scriberet non modo contra sensum scripturae sacrae sed etiam contra doctrinam ecclesiae Anglicanae qualis ante bellum ortum authoritate regia constituta fuerat. Nam et ipse regimen ecclesiae per episcopos prae caeteris formis omnibus semper approbaverat, atque hoc duobus signis manifestum fecit. Primo, cum in oppido Sti. Germani prope Parisios morbo gravissimo lecto affixus esset, venit ad eum Mersennus, rogatus a quodam amico communi ne amicum suum extra ecclesiam Romanam mori pateretur. Is lecto assidens (post exordium consolatorium) de potestate ecclesiae Romanae peccata remittendi aliquantisper disseruit, cui ille 'Mi pater,' inquit. 'haec omnia jamdudum mecum disputavi, eadem disputare nunc molestum erit: habes quod dicas amoeniora,—quando vidisti Gassendum?' Quibus auditis, Mersennus sermonem ad alia transtulit. Paucis post diebus accessit ad illum Dr. Johannes Cosenus, episcopus (post) Dunelmensis, obtulitque se illi comprecatorem ad Deum. Cui ille cum gratias reddidisset, 'Ita,' inquit, 'si precibus praeiveris juxta ritum ecclesiae nostrae.' Magnum hoc erga disciplinam episcopalem signum erat reverentiae.
He spent his empty time writing a book that is now not only well-known in England but also in nearby countries, called *Leviathan*; he even arranged for it to be published in England while he was still in Paris in 1651, at the age of 63. In this work, he demonstrated both spiritual and temporal royal law through reasoning and the authority of sacred scripture, making it clear that peace in the Christian world could not be lasting unless his teachings were accepted or a sufficiently large army forced the citizens to unite: a work he hoped would not be unwelcome to his fellow countrymen, especially those who had separated from the bishops. Although it was open for anyone at that time to write and publish the theology they wanted, due to the lack of church governance (with the royal power to declare doctrines as heresies removed, bishops stripped of authority, and the king himself executed), he still carefully avoided writing anything not only against the sense of sacred scripture but also against the doctrine of the Church of England as it had been established before the outbreak of war. For he had always approved the church governance through bishops above all other forms and made this clear in two ways. First, when he was gravely ill in the town of Saint-Germain near Paris, Mersenne came to him, at the request of a mutual friend, asking him not to let his friend die outside the Roman Church. Sitting by his bed (after an initial comforting exchange), he discussed the Roman Church's power to forgive sins for a while, to which he replied, "My father, I've already debated all of this a long time ago, and discussing it now will be bothersome: you have pleasanter topics—when did you last see Gassendi?" On hearing this, Mersenne shifted the conversation to other matters. A few days later, Dr. John Cosens, the bishop (later) of Durham, visited him and offered to pray for him. After expressing his gratitude, he said, "Yes, if you pray according to the rites of our church." This was a significant sign of his reverence for episcopal discipline.

Anno 1651 exemplaria aliquot illius libri, Londini recens[Pg 399] editi, in Galliam transmissa sunt, ubi theologi quidam Angli doctrinas quasdam in illo libro contentas, tum ut haereticas tum ut partibus regiis adversas, criminati sunt; et valuere quidem aliquamdiu calumniae illae in tantum ut domo regia prohibitus fuerit. Quo factum est ut, protectione regia destitutus, metuensque ne a clericis Romanis, quos praecipue laeserat, male tractaretur, in Angliam conatus sit refugere.
In 1651, several copies of that book were recently published in London and sent to France, where some English theologians accused its contents of being heretical and opposing the royal party. These accusations gained some traction, to the point where he was banned from the royal household. As a result, lacking royal protection and fearing mistreatment from the Roman clergy, whom he had particularly offended, he tried to escape to England.

Rediens in Angliam concionantes quidem invenit in ecclesiis sed seditiosos; etiam preces extemporarias, et illas audaces et nonnunquam blasphemas; symbolum autem fidei nullum, decalogum nullum; adeo ut per tres primos menses non invenerit quibuscum in sacris communicare potuerit. Tandem ab amico ductus ad ecclesiam a suo hospitio [1684] plusquam mille passus distantem ubi pastor erat vir bonus et doctus, qui et coenam Domini ritu ecclesiastico administravit, cum illo in sacris communicavit. Alterum hoc signum erat non modo hominis partium episcopalium sed etiam Christiani sinceri; nam illo tempore ad ecclesiam quamcunque legibus aut metu cogebatur nemo. Quae igitur episcopo cuiquam cum illo causa irae esse potuit, nisi ei qui neminem a se dissentire pati per superbiam posset?
Rediens in Angliam, he indeed found people speaking in churches, but they were rebellious; there were even spontaneous prayers that were bold and sometimes blasphemous; there was no symbol of faith, no Ten Commandments; so that in the first three months, he found no one with whom he could share in sacred communion. Finally, led by a friend to a church more than a thousand paces away from his lodging, where the pastor was a good and learned man, who administered the Lord's Supper with proper church ritual, he communicated with him in the sacred rite. This was another sign not only of a man with episcopal authority but also of a sincere Christian; for at that time, no one was forced to attend church by laws or fear. Therefore, what could have caused any bishop to be angry with him, except for one who, out of pride, could not tolerate anyone disagreeing with him?

Interea doctrinam ejus academici et ecclesiastici condemnabant fere omnes; laudabant nobiles, et viri docti, ex laicis. Refellebat nemo: conati refellere, confirmabant. Scripsit enim non ex auditione et lectione ut scholaris, sed ex judicio proprio cognita et pensitata omnia, sermone puro et perspicuo, non rhetorico. Stantem inter amicos et inimicos quasi in aequilibrio, fecerunt illi ne ob doctrinam opprimeretur, hi, ne augeretur. Itaque fortuna tenui, fama doctrinae ingenti, in patroni sui, comitis Devoniae, hospitio per caeterum vitae tempus perpetuo delituit, studio vacans geometriae et philosophiae naturalis; ediditque jam senex librum quendam quem inscripsit De Corpore, continentem Logicae, Geometriae, Physicae (tum sublunaris, tum coelestis) fundamenta, deducens Logicam quidem a significatione[Pg 400] nominum, Geometriam autem et Physicam ex figurarum et effectuum naturalium generationibus.
Meanwhile, his teachings were condemned by almost all in academia and the church; they were praised by nobles and educated laypeople. No one effectively challenged him; those who tried to dispute his views only reinforced them. He wrote not from hearsay and reading like a student, but from his own well-considered judgment, using clear and straightforward language rather than rhetorical flourishes. Standing between friends and enemies in a kind of balance, they made sure he wasn’t suppressed for his teachings, while others sought to limit his influence. Therefore, in modest circumstances and with a great reputation for his knowledge, he lived in the hospitality of his patron, the Earl of Devon, for the rest of his life, dedicating himself to geometry and natural philosophy. In old age, he published a certain book titled De Corpore, which contained the foundations of Logic, Geometry, and Physics (both sublunary and celestial), deriving Logic from the meanings of names, and Geometry and Physics from the generation of figures and natural effects.

Hominis ergo neque genere neque opibus neque negotiis belli aut pacis assueti vitam scribo et in publicum emitto, sed in omni genere scientiae excellentis et fere singularis. Cujus ingenium ut cognoscerent, partim etiam ut sua ostentarent, convenerunt eum viri innumeri tum nostrates tum exteri, et inter illos nonnulli legati principum aliique viri nobilissimi; adeo ut conjectura inde facta de voluntate hominum eruditorum qui posthac erunt, non ingratum fore posteritati existimavi si quem vidisse voluerunt illius vitam literis posteritati tradiderim, praecipue quidem ut quae scientiis ille primus addidit, deinde etiam caetera vitae ejus quae a lectoribus desiderari posse videbuntur cognoscerent.
I'm writing about a person who isn’t defined by their background, wealth, or involvement in war or peace, but rather by their exceptional and almost unique knowledge in all fields of essential science. To understand his talents and also to showcase their own, countless individuals gathered around him, both locals and foreigners, including some ambassadors from various leaders and other noble figures. I thought it would be valuable for future generations to have a written account of his life, especially to highlight the contributions he made to science and to share the other aspects of his life that readers might find interesting.

Quae scripsit de jure naturali, de constitutione civitatum, de jure eorum qui summam habent potestatem, et de officiis civium, in libris Leviathan et De Cive (quia domi forisque nota et maxime celebrata sunt) praetereunda censeo.
Quae scripsit de jure naturali, de constitutione civitatum, de jure eorum qui summam habent potestatem, et de officiis civium, in libris Leviathan et De Cive (quia domi forisque nota et maxime celebrata sunt) praetereunda censeo.

In Physicis causam sensuum, praecipue visus, una cum doctrina omni optica et natura lucis, refractionis reflectionisque causas naturales, ignotas ante, primus demonstravit, in libro De Homine. Item causas qualitatum sensibilium nimirum colorum, soni, caloris, et frigoris. Somnia autem et phantasmata quae antea pro spiritibus et mortuorum animis habebantur et rudi vulgo terriculamenta erant, omnia profligavit. Causam autem aestuum marinorum et descensionis gravium, a motu quodam telluris praecipue derivavit. Nam phaenomena illa omnia ad motum refert, non ad rerum ipsarum potentias intrinsecas neque ad qualitates occultas, ut ante illum omnes physici. De motu autem in libro De Corpore satis fuse scripsit et profundissime. In Ethicis ante illum nihil scriptum est praeter sententias vulgares. At ille mores hominum ab humana natura, virtutes et vitia a lege naturali, et bonitatem [1685] maliciamque actionum a legibus civitatum, derivavit. In Mathematicis principia geometriae nonnulla correxit;[Pg 401] problemata aliquot difficillima, a summis geometris (ab ipsis geometriae incunabulis) summo studio frustra quaesita, invenit, nimirum haec—
In his work on physics, he was the first to demonstrate the causes of the senses, especially sight, along with the entire field of optics and the nature of light, including the natural causes of refraction and reflection, which were previously unknown, in the book De Homine. He also explained the causes of the sensory qualities, namely colors, sounds, heat, and cold. Additionally, he dismissed the beliefs that dreams and phantoms were spirits or the souls of the dead, which were superstitions held by the uneducated. He attributed the cause of ocean tides and the falling of heavy objects primarily to a certain motion of the earth. He related all those phenomena to motion, rather than to the intrinsic powers of objects or hidden qualities, as all physicists had done before him. He also wrote extensively and deeply on motion in the book De Corpore. In ethics, nothing had been written before him except for common opinions. He derived human behavior from human nature, the virtues and vices from natural law, and the goodness and wickedness of actions from the laws of states. In mathematics, he corrected some principles of geometry; he discovered several very difficult problems that had been sought in vain with great effort by the greatest geometers (from the very beginnings of geometry), specifically these—

1º. arcui circuli lineam rectam, areae circuli quadratum aequale, exhibere, idque variis methodis—in diversis libris.
1º. The arc of the circle shows a straight line, equal to the area of the circle squared, demonstrated through various methods—in different books.

2º. datum angulum dividere in data ratione;
2º. divide the given angle into the given ratio;

3º. cubi ad sphaeram rationem invenire—in Problematibus Geometricis.
3º. find the ratio of the cube to the sphere—in Geometric Problems.

4º. inter duas rectas datas medias continue proportionales invenire quotcunque—in Problematibus Geometricis.
4º. to find how many mean proportionals exist between two given straight lines—in Problematibus Geometricis.

5º. polygonum regulare describere quotcunque laterum—in Roseto.
5º. describe polygonum regulare for any number of sides—in Roseto.

6º. centrum gravitatis invenire quadrantis circuli et bilinei quod continetur arcu quadrantis et subtenta ejus—in Roseto.
6º. Find the center of gravity of the quadrant of a circle and the figure contained by the arc of the quadrant and its subtended area—in Roseto.

7º. centra gravitatis invenire paraboli-formium omnium, in libra De Corpore.
7º. Finding the center of gravity of all parabolic shapes, in the book De Corpore.

Haec omnia primus construxit et demonstravit, et praeterea alia multa quae (quia legentibus occurrent et minoris sunt) praetereo.
Haec omnia primus construxit et demonstravit, et praeterea alia multa quae (quia legentibus occurrent et minoris sunt) praetereo.

Facient opinor haec ut vita ejus non indigna videatur quae tum ad exteros tum ad posteros scientiarum studiosos transmittatur, praesertim hoc tempore, cum scribuntur vulgo vitae obscurorum hominum nulla virtute insignium, desiderante nemine.
Facient, I think, that these will make his life seem worthy, so that it gets passed on to those from outside as well as to future generations who are interested in knowledge, especially now when the lives of obscure people with no notable virtues are being widely written about, and no one wants them.

Scripsit praeterea, circa annum aetatis suae octagesimum, historiam belli civilis Anglicani inter regem Carolum primum et parlamentum ejus, anno ...; item ortum et incrementa potestatis pontificiae, carmine Latino, versuum duûm millium, sed non sinebant tempora ut publicarentur.
Scripsit praeterea, circa annum aetatis suae octagesimum, historiam belli civilis Anglicani inter regem Carolum primum et parlamentum ejus, anno ...; item ortum et incrementa potestatis pontificiae, carmine Latino, versuum duûm millium, sed non sinebant tempora ut publicarentur.

Silentibus tandem adversariis, annum agens octagesimum, mum, Homeri Odyssea edidit a se conversum in versus Anglicanos, ...; deinde, proximo, etiam Iliada; denique Cyclometriam, annum agens <...>gessimum primum, integram nondum editam.
Silentibus tandem adversariis, annum agens octagesimum, mum, Homeri Odyssea edidit a se conversum in versus Anglicanos, ...; deinde, proximo, etiam Iliada; denique Cyclometriam, annum agens <...>gessimum primum, integram nondum editam.

Quod ad formam attinet, vultu erat non specioso sed cum[Pg 402] loqueretur non ingrato. Effigies ejus ad vivum a pictore excellente descripta, qualis erat anno aetatis suae septuagesimo, in conclavi regis Caroli secundi conservatur. Extant etiam ejusdem imagines ab aliis pictoribus diversis temporibus factae rogatu amicorum in Anglia non paucae et in Gallia aliquot.
As for his appearance, he wasn’t conventionally attractive, but when he spoke, he was quite agreeable. A lifelike portrait of him painted by an excellent artist, capturing him at the age of seventy, is preserved in the room of King Charles II. There are also several images of him painted by different artists at various times, requested by friends in England and a few in France.

Natura sua et primis annis ferebatur ad lectionem historiarum et poetarum; et ipse quoque carmen tentavit, nec (ut plurimi judicabant) infoeliciter. Postea autem cum in congressu quodam virorum doctorum, mentione facta de causa sensionis, quaerentem unum quasi per contemptum 'quid esset sensus?' nec quemquam audivisset respondentem, mirabatur quî fieri potuerit ut qui sapientiae titulo homines caeteros tanto fastu despicerent suos ipsorum sensus quid essent ignorarent. Ex eo tempore de causa sentiendi saepe cogitanti, forte fortunâ mentem subiit quod si res corporeae et earum partes omnes conquiescerent aut motu simili semper moverentur [1686]sublatum iri omnium rerum discrimen et (per consequens) omnem sentionem, et propterea causam omnium rerum quaerendam esse in diversitate motuum: atque hoc principio usus est primo. Deinde, ut cognosceret varietates et rationes motuum, ad geometriam cogebatur, et a principiis suis ingenio suo theoremata illa quae supra commemoravi foeliciter demonstravit. Tantum interest inter illos qui proprio genio et illos qui in archivis veterum aut ad quaestum docentium scientiarum veritatem quaerunt.
Natura sua et primis annis ferebatur ad lectionem historiarum et poetarum; et ipse quoque carmen tentavit, nec (ut plurimi judicabant) infelix. Postea autem cum in congressu quodam virorum doctorum, mentione facta de causa sensionis, quaerentem unum quasi per contemptum 'quid esset sensus?' nec quemquam audivisset respondentem, mirabatur quomodo fieri potuerit ut qui sapientiae titulo homines caeteros tanto fastu despicerent suos ipsorum sensus quid essent ignorarent. Ex eo tempore de causa sentiendi saepe cogitanti, forte fortunâ mentem subiit quod si res corporeae et earum partes omnes conquiescerent aut motu simili semper moverentur, sublatus iri omnium rerum discrimen et (per consequens) omnem sensum, et propterea causam omnium rerum quaerendam esse in diversitate motuum: atque hoc principio usus est primo. Deinde, ut cognosceret varietates et rationes motuum, ad geometriam cogebatur, et a principiis suis ingenio suo theoremata illa quae supra commemoravi feliciter demonstravit. Tantum interest inter illos qui proprio genio et illos qui in archivis veterum aut ad quaestum docentium scientiarum veritatem quaerunt.

In colloquiis familiaribus jucundus erat, praeterquam illorum qui ad illum venerant disputandi causa contra ea quae jam ediderat (nec revocari poterant) de jure summarum potestatum civili aut ecclesiastico; nam cum his vehementius aliquando disputabat quam erat necessarium.
In casual conversations, he was enjoyable, except for those who came to him specifically to argue against what he had already published (which couldn't be taken back) about the rights of supreme authority, whether civil or ecclesiastical; indeed, he sometimes debated with them more fervently than necessary.

Naturaliter apertus erat, et inter adversarios qui multi potentesque erant innocentia magis quam consilio tutus.
Naturaliter aperto erat, et inter adversarios qui multi et potentes erant, innocentia magis quam consilio tutus.

Justiciae erat cum scientissimus, tum tenacissimus. Nec mirum, cum esset pecuniae neglegentissimus, et pro tenui[Pg 403]tate fortunarum suarum ultra modum beneficus. Sed beneficio patronorum suorum et regis optimi dulcissimique Caroli secundi satis copiose senex vixit.
Justiciae was not only very knowledgeable but also very stubborn. It's not surprising, considering he was extremely careless with money and overly generous beyond the limits of his modest wealth. However, thanks to the support of his patrons and the kind assistance of the best and sweetest King Charles the Second, he lived quite well in his old age.

William Holder (1616-1697/8).

[1687]William Holder [FY], D.D., the ...d son [1688] of ... Holder; his mother's mayden name was Brudenell. He was borne the ... in Nottinghamshire; went to schoole at ...; went to Pembroke-hall [1689] in Cambridge, where he had a Greeke-scholar's place. Anno <1636/7>, Artium Baccalaureus; anno <1640> Artium Magister.
[1687]William Holder [FY], D.D., the ...d son [1688] of ... Holder; his mother's maiden name was Brudenell. He was born the ... in Nottinghamshire; went to school at ...; attended Pembroke Hall [1689] in Cambridge, where he held a position as a Greek scholar. In the year <1636/7>, he obtained his Bachelor of Arts; in the year <1640> he earned his Master of Arts.

About 1640, he maried ... the ... daughter of Wren, deane of Windsore and rector of Knowyll in Wiltshire.
About 1640, he married the daughter of Christopher Wren, dean of Windsor and rector of Knowyll in Wiltshire.

Anno Domini 1642, had his institution and induction for the rectorie of Bletchington in com. Oxon.
Anno Domini 1642, he was established and inducted as the rector of Bletchington in Oxfordshire.

In the troublesome times he was with his father-in-lawe Wren at the garrison of Bristowe. After the surrender of it to the Parliament, he lived ... year at Knowyll with him.
In the difficult times he spent with his father-in-law Wren at the garrison in Bristol. After it was surrendered to Parliament, he lived for a year at Knowyll with him.

Anno about 1646 [1690], he went to Bletchington to his parsonage, where his hospitality and learning, mixt with great courtesie, easily conciliated the love of all his neighbours to him. The deane came with him thither, and dyed and is buryed there.
Around 1646 [1690], he went to Bletchington to his parsonage, where his hospitality and knowledge, combined with great courtesy, easily won the affection of all his neighbors. The dean came with him there, and he passed away and is buried there.

He was very helpfull in the education of his brother-in-law, Mr. Christopher Wren (now knighted), a youth of a prodigious inventive witt, and of whom he was as tender as if he had been his owne child, who [1691] gave him his first instructions in geometrie and arithmetique, and when he was a young scholar at the University of Oxford, was a very necessary and kind friend.
He was very helpful in educating his brother-in-law, Mr. Christopher Wren (now knighted), a young man of extraordinary inventiveness, and he cared for him as if he were his own child, who [1691] provided him with his first lessons in geometry and arithmetic, and when he was a young student at the University of Oxford, was a crucial and supportive friend.

The parsonage-house at Bletchington was Mr. Christopher Wren's home, and retiring-place; here he contemplated, and studied, and found-out a great many curious things [Pg 404]in mathematiques. About this house [1692] he made severall curious dialls, with his owne handes, which are still there to be seen. ☞ Which see, as well worthy to be seen.
The parsonage at Bletchington was Mr. Christopher Wren's home and retreat; here he contemplated, studied, and discovered many interesting things in mathematics. About this house, he created several intricate dials by hand, which are still on display today. ☞ Which should be seen, as they are definitely worth it.

But to returne to this honest worthy gentleman—he is a good poet. I have some very good verses (about 100) in Latin on St. Vincent's-rocks and the hott-well, neere Bristowe. He is very musicall, both theorically and practically, and he had a sweet voyce. He hath writt an excellent treatise of musique, in English, which is writt both doctis et indoctis, and readie for the presse. He is extremely well qualified for his [1693]place, of Sub-Deane of the King's Chapell, to which he was preferred [1694] anno 167<4>, as likewise of the Sub-Almoner, being a person abhorring covetousnes, and full of pitty [1695].
But to return to this honorable and worthy gentleman—he is a good poet. I have some really nice verses (about 100) in Latin about St. Vincent's Rocks and the hot well, near Bristol. He is very musical, both theoretically and practically, and he has a sweet voice. He has written an excellent treatise on music, in English, which is suitable for both the educated and the uneducated, and ready for publication. He is extremely well qualified for his position as Sub-Dean of the King's Chapel, to which he was appointed in 1674, as well as being the Sub-Almoner, being someone who despises greed and is full of compassion.

Anno 16—(vide his ...) ... Popham (the only son of ... Popham, admirall for the Parliament), being borne deafe and dumbe [1696], was sent to him to learne to speake, which he taught him to doe: by what method, and how soon, you may see in the Appendix concerning it to his Elements of Speech, 8vo, London, printed <1669>. It is a most ingeniose and curious discourse, and untouched by any other; he was beholding to no author; did only consult with nature. This booke I sent to Mr. Anthony Lucas, at Liege, who very much admires it and I have desired him to translate it into French. Dr. John Wallis unjustly arrogates the glory of teaching the sayd young gentleman to speake, in the Philosophical Transactions, and in Dr. Robert Plott's History of Oxfordshire; which occasioned Dr. Holder to write a ... against him, a pamphlet in 4to, 167-.
Anno 16—(see his ...) ... Popham (the only son of ... Popham, admiral for the Parliament), being born deaf and mute [1696], was sent to him to learn to speak, which he taught him to do: by what method, and how soon, you can see in the Appendix related to his Elements of Speech, 8vo, London, printed <1669>. It is a highly inventive and intriguing discussion, and untouched by any other; he owed nothing to any author; he only consulted with nature. I sent this book to Mr. Anthony Lucas, in Liege, who admires it greatly, and I have asked him to translate it into French. Dr. John Wallis unfairly claims the credit for teaching this young man to speak, in the Philosophical Transactions, and in Dr. Robert Plott's History of Oxfordshire; which led Dr. Holder to write a ... against him, a pamphlet in 4to, 167-.

He has good judgement in painting and drawing.
He has a good eye for painting and drawing.

In anno <1652> he was made a prebendary of Ely. Anno <1663> had the parsonage of in Norfolk.
In 1652, he became a prebendary of Ely. In 1663, he obtained the parsonage of Northwold in Norfolk.

He is a handsome, gracefull person, and of a delicate [Pg 405]constitution, and of an even and smooth temper; so that, if one would goe about to describe a perfect good man, would drawe this Doctor's character. Of a just stature; grey eie; tall and well-sett; sanguine; thin skin; roundish face; gracefull elocution; his discourse so gent. and obligeing; cleer reason.
He is a handsome, graceful person with a delicate constitution and a calm, even temperament. If someone were to describe a perfect gentleman, they would draw this Doctor's character. He has an average height, gray eyes, is tall and well-built, has a sanguine complexion, thin skin, a round face, graceful speech, and his conversation is gentle and accommodating, with clear reasoning.

They say that morum similitudo conci
at amicitiam; then it will not be found strange that there should be such a conjunct friendship between this worthy gentleman and the right reverend father in God, Seth Ward, lord bishop of Sarum, his coetanean in Cambridge.
They say that morum similitudo conci
at amicitiam; so, it won’t be surprising that there is such a close friendship between this worthy gentleman and the right reverend father in God, Seth Ward, the bishop of Sarum, who was his contemporary at Cambridge.

It ought not to be forgott the great and exemplary love between this Doctor and his vertuose wife, who is not lesse to be admired, in her sex and station, then her brother Sir Christopher; and (which is rare to be found in a woman) her excellences doe not inflate her. Amongst many other guifts she haz a strange sagacity as to curing of wounds, which she does not doe so much by presedents and reciept bookes, as by her owne excogitancy, considering the causes, effects, and circumstances. His majestie king Charles II, 167-, had hurt his ... hand, which he intrusted his chirurgians to make well; but they ordered him so that they made it much worse, so that it swoll, and pained him up to his shoulder; and pained him so extremely that he could not sleep, and began to be feaverish. ... told the king what a rare shee-surgeon he had in his house; she was presently sent for at eleven clock at night. She presently made ready a pultisse, and applyed it, and gave his majestie sudden ease, and he slept well; next day she dressed him, and in ... perfectly cured him, to the great griefe of all the surgeons, who envy and hate her.
It should not be forgotten the great and admirable love between this doctor and his virtuous wife, who is just as worthy of admiration, in her role and position, as her brother Sir Christopher; and (which is rare for a woman) her excellence does not lead to arrogance. Among her many gifts, she has a remarkable intuition for treating wounds, which she does not rely on so much through textbooks and recipes, but through her own ingenuity, considering the causes, effects, and circumstances. His Majesty King Charles II, 167-, had injured his ... hand, which he entrusted to his surgeons to heal; however, their treatment made it much worse, causing it to swell and causing him pain up to his shoulder; the pain was so intense that he couldn't sleep and began to run a fever. ... informed the king about the exceptional female surgeon he had in his home; she was immediately summoned at eleven o'clock at night. She quickly prepared a poultice, applied it, and provided His Majesty with immediate relief, allowing him to sleep well; the next day she treated him, and in ... perfectly cured him, much to the dismay of all the surgeons who envied and disliked her.

No one is better than him, nor more loving of fairness. He was: or was there any deity more revered than her?

Ovid. Metam. lib. i.

Ovid. Metamorphoses. book 1.

Note.

[FY] Aubrey gives the coat, 'sable, a chevron between 3 anchors argent.' Anthony Wood adds the reference 'vide pag. 65 a,' i.e. fol. 95, of MS. Aubr. 6, in the life of John Wallis.
[FY] Aubrey mentions the coat, 'sable, a chevron between 3 silver anchors.' Anthony Wood adds the reference 'see page 65 a,' which means fol. 95, of MS. Aubr. 6, in the biography of John Wallis.

[Pg 406]
[Pg 406]

Hugh Holland (15— -1633).

[1697]From Sir John Penrudock:—Hugh Holland, poeta: he was descended of the family of the earles of Kent, etc., and was a Roman Catholique. The lady Elizabeth Hatton (mother to the lady Purb) was his great patronesse (vide B. Jonson's masque of the Gipsies for these two beauties).
[1697]From Sir John Penrudock:—Hugh Holland, poet: he came from the family of the earls of Kent, etc., and was a Roman Catholic. Lady Elizabeth Hatton (mother of Lady Purb) was his great patroness (see B. Jonson's masque of the Gipsies for these two beauties).

Sir J P asked him his advice as he was dyeing, (or he then gave it) that, the best rule for him to governe his life was to reade St. Hierome's Epistles.
Sir John Penrudock asked him for advice as he was dying, and he said that the best way for him to lead his life was to read St. Jerome's Epistles.

He was buried in Westminster Abbey [1698], in the south crosse aisle neer the dore of St. Benet's Chapell, i.e. where the earl of Middlesex monument is, but there is no monument or inscription for him. He was buryed July 23, 1633.
He was buried in Westminster Abbey [1698], in the south cross aisle near the door of St. Benet's Chapel, where the Earl of Middlesex's monument is, but there is no monument or inscription for him. He was buried on July 23, 1633.

He was of a Lancashire family.
He came from a family in Lancashire.

Tho. Holland, earl of Kent (his sonnes, dukes of Surrey), tempore Rich. 2.
Tho. Holland, Earl of Kent (his sons, Dukes of Surrey), during the time of Richard II.

Philemon Holland (1551-1637).

[1699]Philêmon Holland was schoole-master of the free-schoole at Coventrey, and that for many yeares. He made a great many good scholars. He translated T. Livius, anno 15—, with one and the same pen, which the lady ... (vide at the end of his translation of Suetonius) embellished with silver, and kept amongst her rare κειμηλια [1700]. He wrote a good hand, but a rare Greeke character; witnesse the MS. of Euclid's Harmoniques in the library belonging to the schoole. He translated severall Latin authors,—e.g. Tit. Livius, Plinii Hist. Natur., Suetonius Tranquillus: quaere +.
[1699]Philemon Holland was the schoolmaster of the free school in Coventry for many years. He produced a lot of excellent students. He translated T. Livius in the year 15—, using the same pen that the lady ... (see at the end of his translation of Suetonius) adorned with silver, which she kept among her rare artifacts [1700]. He had neat handwriting but a rare Greek style; witness the manuscript of Euclid's Harmonics in the school library. He translated several Latin authors, including T. Livius, Pliny's Natural History, and Suetonius Tranquillus: inquire +.

One made this epigram on him:—
One wrote this saying about him:—

'Philêmon with 's translations doeth so fill us, He will not let Suetonius be Tranquillus.'
'Philemon's translations fill us up, He won't allow Suetonius to be Tranquil.'

[Pg 407]
[Pg 407]

Wenceslaus Hollar (1607-1677).

[1701]Winceslaus Hollar, natus Pragae 23 Julii, st v, 1607, about 8 A.M.
[1701]Wenceslaus Hollar, born in Prague on July 23, 1607, at about 8 AM

[1702]Winceslaus Hollar, Bohemus, was borne at Prague.
[1702]Wenceslaus Hollar, a Bohemian, was born in Prague.

His father was a Knight of the Empire: which is by lettres patent under the imperiall seale (as our baronets). I have seen it [1703]: the seale is bigger then the broad seale of England: in the middle is the imperiall coate; and round about it are the coates of the Princes Electors. His father was a Protestant, and either for keeping a conventicle, or being taken at one, forfeited his estate, and was ruined by the Roman Catholiques.
His father was a Knight of the Empire, which is confirmed by a patent letter under the imperial seal (similar to our baronets). I’ve seen it [1703]: the seal is larger than the great seal of England. In the center is the imperial coat of arms, surrounded by the coats of arms of the Elector Princes. His father was a Protestant and either for holding a meeting or being caught at one, lost his estate and was ruined by the Roman Catholics.

He told me that when he was a schoole-boy he tooke a delight in draweing of mapps; which draughts he kept, and they were pretty. He was designed by his father to have been a lawyer, and was putt to that profession [1704], when his father's troubles, together with the warres, forced him to leave his countrey. So that what he did for his delight and recreation only when a boy, proved to be his livelyhood when a man.
He told me that when he was a schoolboy, he enjoyed drawing maps, which he kept and they were quite nice. His father had planned for him to be a lawyer and he was set on that path [1704], but his father's troubles, along with the wars, forced him to leave his country. So, what he did for fun and relaxation as a boy ended up being his livelihood as a man.

I thinke he stayd sometime in Lowe Germany, then he came into England, wher he was very kindly entertained by that great patron of painters and draughts-men Lord High Marshall, earl of Arundell and Surrey, where he spent his time in draweing and copying rarities, which he did etch (i.e. eate with aqua fortis in copper plates). When the Lord Marshall went ambassador to the Emperor of Germany to Vienna, he travelld with much grandeur; and among others, Mr. Hollar went with him (very well clad) to take viewes, landskapes, buildings, etc. remarqueable in their journey, which wee see now at the print shopps.
I think he stayed for a while in Lower Germany, then he came to England, where he was warmly welcomed by that great supporter of painters and draftsmen, Thomas Howard, Lord High Marshall, Earl of Arundel and Surrey. He spent his time drawing and copying rare items, which he etched (that is, he used acid to engrave on copper plates). When the Lord Marshall went as an ambassador to the Emperor of Germany in Vienna, he traveled with great elegance; among others, Mr. Hollar accompanied him, well-dressed, to document views, landscapes, buildings, and other notable sights during their journey, which we can now see at the print shops.

He hath donne the most in that way that ever any one did, insomuch that I have heard Mr. John Evelyn, R.S.S., [Pg 408]say that at sixpence a print his labour would come to ... li. (quaere J E). He was very short-sighted (μυοψ [1705]), and did worke so curiously that the curiosity of his worke is not to be judged without a magnifying-glasse. When he tooke his landskaps, he, then, had a glasse to helpe his sight.
He has done the most in that way that anyone ever has, to the point that I heard Mr. John Evelyn, R.S.S., [Pg 408] say that at sixpence a print, his work would come to ... li. (check John Evelyn). He was very short-sighted (μυοψ [1705]), and worked so meticulously that the detail of his work can't be fully appreciated without a magnifying glass. When he painted his landscapes, he used a glass to help with his vision.

At Arundel-house he maried with my ladle's wayting woman, Mrs. ... Tracy, by whom he haz a daughter, that was one of the greatest beauties I have seen; his son by her dyed in the plague, an ingeniose youth, drew delicately.
At Arundel House, he married my lady's waiting woman, Mrs. ... Tracy, by whom he has a daughter who is one of the greatest beauties I've seen; his son with her died in the plague, a talented young man who drew beautifully.

When the civil warres brake-out, the Lord Marshall had leave to goe beyond sea [CXXXI.]. Mr. Hollar went into the Lowe-Countries, where he stayed till about 1649.
When the civil wars broke out, the Lord Marshall was given permission to go abroad [CXXXI.]. Mr. Hollar went to the Low Countries, where he stayed until around 1649.

[CXXXI.] Italie [1706].
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Italy__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

I remember he told me that when he first came into England, (which was a serene time of peace) that the people, both poore and rich, did looke cheerfully, but at his returne, he found the countenances of the people all changed, melancholy, spightfull, as if bewitched.
I remember he told me that when he first came to England, (which was a calm time of peace) the people, both poor and rich, looked cheerful, but on his return, he found the faces of the people all changed, gloomy, spiteful, as if they were bewitched.

I have sayd before that his father was ruined upon the account of the Protestant religion. Winceslaus dyed a Catholique, of which religion, I suppose, he might be ever since he came to Arundel-howse.
I have said before that his father was ruined because of the Protestant religion. Winceslaus died a Catholic, which I assume he had been since he came to Arundel House.

He was a very friendly good-natured man as could be, but shiftlesse as to the world, and dyed not rich [1707]. He maried a second wife, 1665, by whom he has severall children. He dyed on our Ladie-day (25 Martii), 1677, and is buried in St. Margaret's church-yard at Westminster neer the north west corner of the tower. Had he lived till the 13th of July following, he had been just 70 yeares old.
He was a very friendly, good-natured man, but he was aimless in the world and didn’t die rich [1707]. He married a second wife in 1665, with whom he had several children. He died on Lady Day (March 25), 1677, and is buried in the churchyard of St. Margaret's in Westminster near the northwest corner of the tower. If he had lived until July 13 of that year, he would have turned 70 years old.

John Holywood (11— -1256).

[1708]Jo. de Sacro Bosco:—Dr. Pell is positive that his name was Holybushe.
[1708]Jo. de Sacro Bosco:—Dr. Pell is sure that his name was Holybushe.

[Pg 409]
[Pg 409]

Thomas Hoode.

[1709]... Hood, M.D.—he practised Physick at Worcester, and printed a booke in 4to called The Geodeticall Staffe[1710].
[1709]... Hood, M.D.—he practiced medicine in Worcester and published a book in 4to titled The Geodetic Staff[1710].

Robert Hooke (1635-1703).

[1711]Mr. Robert Hooke, curator of the Royall Societie at London, was borne at Freshwater in the Isle of Wight, A.D. <1635>; his father was minister there, and of the family of the Hookes of Hooke in Hants.
[1711]Mr. Robert Hooke, curator of the Royal Society in London, was born in Freshwater on the Isle of Wight, A.D. <1635>; his father was a minister there and belonged to the Hooke family from Hooke in Hampshire.

[1712]July 19^th, 1635, baptized Robert Hooke, the son of Mr. John Hooke.
[1712]July 19^th, 1635, baptized Robert Hooke, the son of John Hooke.

[1713]Mr. Robert Hooke [FZ], M.A.:—his father, Mr. John Hooke,[1714]had two or three brothers all ministers: quaere Dr. Holder. He was of the family of Hooke of Hooke in Hampshire, in the road from London to Saram, a very ancient family and in that place for many (3 or more) hundred yeares.
[1713]Mr. Robert Hooke [FZ], M.A.:—his father, Mr. John Hooke,[1714]had two or three brothers who were all ministers: see Dr. Holder. He belonged to the Hooke family from Hooke in Hampshire, along the route from London to Saram, a very old family that has been in that area for many (3 or more) hundred years.

[1715]His father was minister of Freshwater in the Isle of Wight. He maried ... ..., by whom he had two sonnes, viz. ... of Newport, grocer (quaere capt. Lee) and had been mayer there, and Robert, second son, who was borne [1716] at Freshwater aforesayd the nineteenth day of July, Anno Domini 1635—vide register, et obiit patris.
[1715]His father was the minister of Freshwater on the Isle of Wight. He married ... ..., and they had two sons: ... of Newport, who was a grocer (see Capt. Lee) and had served as mayor there, and Robert, the second son, who was born [1716] in Freshwater on July 19, 1635—see the register, and he passed away shortly after his father.

At ... yeares old, John Hoskyns, the painter, being at Freshwater, to drawe pictures for ... esqre, Mr. Hooke observed what he did, and, thought he, 'why cannot I doe so too?' So he getts him chalke, and ruddle, and coale, and grinds them, and putts them on a trencher, gott a pencill, and to worke he went, and made a picture: then he copied [1717] (as they hung up in the parlour) the pictures there, which he made like. Also, being a boy there, at [Pg 410]Freshwater, he made an ... diall on a round trencher; never having had any instruction. His father was not mathematicall at all.
At ... years old, John Hoskyns, the painter, was in Freshwater to create paintings for ... esqre. Mr. Hooke watched what he was doing and thought to himself, "Why can't I do that too?" So he got chalk, red ochre, and coal, ground them up, put them on a plate, grabbed a pencil, and got to work, creating a picture. Then he copied [1717] (as they were displayed in the parlor) the paintings there, trying to make them look similar. Also, while he was a boy in Freshwater, he made a sundial on a round plate, having never had any instruction. His father wasn’t interested in math at all.

When his father dyed, his son Robert was but ... old, to whom he left one hundred pounds, which was sent up to London with him, with an intention to have bound him apprentice to Mr. Lilly [1718], the paynter, with whom he was a little while upon tryall; who liked him very well, but Mr. Hooke quickly perceived [1719] what was to be donne, so, thought he, 'why cannot I doe this by my selfe and keepe my hundred pounds?' He also had some instruction in draweing from Mr. Samuel Cowper (prince of limners of this age); but whether from him before or after Mr. Lilly quaere?
When his father died, his son Robert was only ... years old. His father left him one hundred pounds, which was sent to London with him, intending to apprentice him to Mr. Lilly, the painter. Robert worked with him for a short time as a trial; Mr. Lilly liked him a lot, but Mr. Hooke quickly realized what was happening and thought, "Why can't I do this myself and keep my hundred pounds?" He also received some drawing instruction from Mr. Samuel Cowper, the best painter of this time, but it’s unclear whether that was before or after his time with Mr. Lilly.

☞ Quaere when he went to Mr. Busby's, the schoolemaster of Westminster, at whose howse he was; and he made very much of him. With him he lodged his C li.[1720] There he learnd to [1721] play 20 lessons on the organ. He there in one weeke's time made himselfe master of the first VI bookes of Euclid, to the admiration of Mr. Busby (now S.T.D.), who introduced him. At schoole here he was very mechanicall, and (amongst other things) he invented thirty severall wayes of flying, which I have not only heard him say, but Dr. Wilkins (at Wadham College at that time), who gave him his Mathematicall Magique which did him a great kindnes. He was never a King's Scholar, and I have heard Sir Richard Knight (who was his school-fellow) say that he seldome sawe him in the schoole.
☞ Ask when he went to Mr. Busby's, the headmaster of Westminster, where he stayed; and he was very kind to him. He lodged there. He learned to play 20 lessons on the organ. In just one week, he mastered the first VI books of Euclid, which impressed Mr. Busby (now S.T.D.), who introduced him. While at school, he was very hands-on and, among other things, invented thirty different ways of flying, which I’ve heard him mention, and Dr. Wilkins (at Wadham College at that time) who helped him with his Mathematicall Magique, which was a great favor to him. He was never a King's Scholar, and I've heard Sir Richard Knight (who was his schoolmate) say that he rarely saw him in school.

Anno Domini <1658> (vide A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) he was sent to Christ Church in Oxford, where he had a chorister's place (in those dayes when the church musique was putt-downe [1722]), which was a pretty good maintenance. He was there assistant to Dr. Thomas Willis in his chymistry; who afterwards recommended him to [Pg 411]the hon^ble Robert Boyle, esqre, to be usefull to him in his chymicall operations. Mr. Hooke then read to him (R. B., esqre) Euclid's Elements, and made him understand [1723] Des Cartes' Philosophy. He was Master of Arts anno Domini....
Anno Domini <1658> (see A. Wood's Antiq. Oxon.) he was sent to Christ Church in Oxford, where he held a position as a chorister (back when church music was being suppressed [1722]), which provided a decent income. He worked there as an assistant to Dr. Thomas Willis in his chemistry; who later recommended him to the honorable Robert Boyle, Esq., to assist him in his chemical experiments. Mr. Hooke then taught him (R. B., Esq.) Euclid's Elements, and helped him understand [1723] Descartes' philosophy. He became a Master of Arts anno Domini....

Anno Domini 166<2> Mr. Robert Boyle recommended Mr. Robert Hooke to be Curator of the Experiments of the Royall Society, wherin he did an admirable good worke to the Common-wealth of Learning, in recommending the fittest person in the world to them. Anno <1664> he was chosen Geometry [1724] Professour at Gresham College [GA]. Anno Domini 166- Sir John Cutler, knight, gave a Mechanicall lecture, ... pounds per annum, which he read.
Anno Domini 1662, Mr. Robert Boyle recommended Mr. Robert Hooke to be the Curator of the Experiments of the Royal Society, where he did a remarkably good job for the world of Learning by suggesting the best person for the role. In 1664, he was appointed as a Geometry Professor at Gresham College. In 166-, Sir John Cutler, knight, gave a Mechanical lecture, ... pounds per year, which he delivered.

Anno Domini 166<6> the great conflagration of London happened, and then he was chosen one of the two surveyors [CXXXII.] of the citie of London; by which he hath gott a great estate. He built Bedlam, the Physitians' College, Montague-house, the Piller on Fish-street-hill, and Theatre there; and he is much made use of in designing buildings.
Anno Domini 1666, the great fire of London occurred, and he was then selected as one of the two surveyors [CXXXII.] of the city of London; from which he gained a significant fortune. He constructed Bedlam, the Physicians' College, Montague House, the Pillar on Fish Street Hill, and the Theatre there; and he is frequently consulted for designing buildings.

[CXXXII.] Oliver, the glasse-painter, was the other.
[CXXXII.] Oliver, the glass painter, was the other.

He is but of midling stature, something crooked, pale faced, and his face but little belowe, but his head is lardge; his eie full and popping, and not quick; a grey eie. He haz a delicate head of haire, browne, and of an excellent moist curle. He is and ever was very temperate, and moderate in dyet, etc.
He is of average height, somewhat crooked, pale-faced, and has a slightly smaller face, but a large head; his eyes are bulging and not very alert, a grey color. He has a fine head of hair, brown, with excellent moist curls. He has always been very temperate and moderate in diet, etc.

As he is of prodigious inventive head, so is a person of great vertue and goodnes. Now when I have sayd his inventive faculty is so great, you cannot imagine his memory to be excellent, for they are like two bucketts, as one goes up, the other goes downe. He is certainly the greatest mechanick this day in the world. His head lies much more to Geometry then to Arithmetique. He is (1680) a batchelour, and, I beleeve, will never marie. His elder brother left one faire daughter [GB], which is his heire. In fine (which crownes all) he is a person of great suavity and goodnesse.
As he is incredibly inventive, he is also a person of great virtue and goodness. Now that I've mentioned his inventiveness, you can imagine that his memory is excellent, since they work together like two buckets—when one goes up, the other goes down. He is definitely the greatest mechanic in the world today. His mind is much more suited to Geometry than to Arithmetic. He is a bachelor and, I believe, will never marry. His older brother left behind a beautiful daughter [GB], who is his heir. In short (which sums it all up), he is a person of great charm and goodness.

[Pg 412]
[Pg 412]

Scripsit.

...
...
...
...

'Twas Mr. Robert Hooke that invented the Pendulum-Watches, so much more usefull than the other watches.
It was Mr. Robert Hooke who invented the pendulum watches, which are so much more useful than the other watches.

He hath invented an engine for the speedie working of division, etc., or for the speedie and immediate finding out the divisor.
He has invented a machine for quickly performing division, or for rapidly and directly finding the divisor.

An instrument for the Emperor of Germany, 1692/3.
An instrument for the Emperor of Germany, 1692/3.

[1725]The first thing he published was—An attempt for the explication of the phaenomena observeable in the XXXV experiment of the honourable Robert Boyle, esq., touching the aire: printed for Sam. Thomson at the Bishop's head in Paule's churchyard, 1661, 8vo: not now to be bought, and, though no bigger then an almanack, is a most ingeniose piece.
[1725]The first thing he published was—An attempt to explain the phenomena observed in the XXXV experiment of the honorable Robert Boyle, Esq., about air: printed for Sam. Thomson at the Bishop's Head in Paul's Churchyard, 1661, 8vo: not available for purchase anymore, and although it's no larger than an almanac, it's a really clever piece.

The next moneth he published another little 4to pamphlet,—Discourse of a new instrument he haz invented to make more accurate observations in astronomy then ever was [1726] yet made, or could be made by any instruments hitherto invented, and this instrument (10 or 12 li. price) performes more, and more exact, then all the chargeable apparatus of the noble Tycho Brache or the present Hevelius of Dantzick.
The next month, he published another small 4to pamphlet—A Discourse on a new instrument he has invented to make more accurate observations in astronomy than ever before made or could be made by any instruments created up to now. This instrument, priced at 10 or 12 li., performs better and more accurately than all the expensive equipment of the renowned Tycho Brahe or the current Hevelius of Danzig.

September 15, 1689.

Mr. Wood!

September 15, 1689.

Mr. Wood!

Mr. Robert Hooke, R.S.S. did in anno 1670, write a discourse, called, 'An Attempt to prove the motion of the Earth,' which he then read to the Royal Society; but printed it in the beginning of the yeare 1674, a strena[1727] to Sir John Cutler to whom it is dedicated, wherein he haz delivered the theorie of explaining the coelestial motions mechanically; his words are these, pag. 27, 28. viz.:—
Mr. Robert Hooke, F.R.S., wrote a paper in 1670 titled "An Attempt to Prove the Motion of the Earth," which he presented to the Royal Society. He published it at the beginning of 1674 as a gift to Sir John Cutler, to whom it is dedicated. In it, he explains the theory of celestial motions in mechanical terms. His words are as follows, pp. 27-28:—

[Pg 413]
[Pg 413]

['In [1728]the Attempt to prove the motion of the earth, etc., printed 1674, but read to the Royall Society, 1671: pag. 27, line 31—
['In [1728]the Attempt to prove the motion of the earth, etc., printed 1674, but read to the Royal Society, 1671: pag. 27, line 31—

'I shall only for the present hint that I have in some of my foregoing observations discovered some new motions even in the Earth it self, which perhaps were not dreamt of before, which I shall hereafter more at large describe, when further tryalls have more fully confirmed and compleated these beginnings. At which time also I shall explaine a systeme of the world, differing in many particulars from any yet known, answering in all things to the common rules of mechanicall motions. This depends upon 3 suppositions; first, that all coelestiall bodys whatsoever have an attractive or gravitating power towards their own centers, whereby they attract not only their own parts, and keep them from flying from them, as we may observe the Earth to doe, but that they doe also attract all the other coelestial bodys that are within the sphere of their activity, and consequently that not only the Sun and the Moon have an influence upon the body and motion of the Earth, and the Earth upon them, but that Mercury also, Venus, Mars, Saturne, and Jupiter, by their attractive powers have a considerable influence upon its motion, as, in the same manner, the corresponding attractive power of the Earth hath a considerable influence upon every one of their motions also. The second supposition is this, that all bodys whatsoever, that are putt into direct and simple motion will soe continue to move forwards in a straight line, till they are by some other effectuall powers deflected and bent into a motion describing a circle, ellipsis, or some other uncompounded curve line. The third supposition is, that these attractive powers are soe much the more powerfull in operating, by how much nearer the body wrought upon is to their own centers. Now what these severall degrees are, I have not yet experimentally verified.'—But these degrees and proportions of the power of attraction in the celestiall bodys and motions, were com[Pg 414]municated to Mr. Newton by R. Hooke, in the yeare 1678, by letters, as will plainely appear both by the coppys of the said letters, and the letters of Mr. Newton in answer to them, which are both in the custody of the said R. H., both which also were read before the Royall Society at their publique meeting, as appears by the Journall book of the said Society.—'But it is a notion which if fully prosecuted, as it ought to be, will mightily assist the astronomer to reduce all the coelestiall motions to a certaine rule, which I doubt will never be done true without it. He that understands the natures of the circular pendulum and circular motion, will easily understand the whole ground of this principle, and will know where to find direction in nature for the true stating thereof. This I only hint at present to such as have ability and opportunity of prosecuting this inquiry, and are not wanting of industry for observing and calculating, wishing heartily such may be found, having my self many other things in hand, which I will first compleat, and therefore cannot soe well attend (to) it. But this I durst promise the undertaker; that he will find all the great motions of the world to be influenced by this principle, and that the true understanding thereof will be the true perfection of Astronomy.']
I'll only briefly mention that in some of my earlier observations, I have discovered new movements even within the Earth itself, which might not have been imagined before. I plan to describe these in detail later, once further tests confirm and complete these findings. At that time, I will also explain a system of the world that differs in many ways from any known systems, aligning with the common principles of mechanical motion. This is based on three assumptions: First, that all celestial bodies have an attractive or gravitational force towards their centers, which allows them to not only attract their own parts and prevent them from flying away, as we observe the Earth doing, but also to attract all other celestial bodies within their sphere of influence. Consequently, it means that not just the Sun and the Moon influence the Earth and vice versa, but that Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter, through their attractive forces, also have a significant impact on the Earth's motion. In the same way, the Earth's attractive power significantly influences the motion of all those bodies as well. The second assumption is that all bodies that are set into direct and simple motion will continue to move forward in a straight line until they are deflected and bent into a motion that describes a circle, ellipse, or other curve. The third assumption is that these attractive powers are more effective the closer the affected body is to their centers. I have not yet experimentally confirmed what these various degrees are. But these degrees and proportions of the attractive power in celestial bodies and motions were communicated to Mr. Newton by R. Hooke in the year 1678, through letters, as will be clearly shown by the copies of those letters and Mr. Newton’s responses, both of which are in the possession of R. H. Both were also presented before the Royal Society at their public meeting, as recorded in the Society's journal. However, this idea, if pursued as it should be, will greatly help astronomers reduce all celestial motions to a specific rule, which I fear will never be accurately achieved without it. Anyone who understands the nature of circular pendulums and circular motion will readily grasp the foundation of this principle and will know where to look in nature for accurate descriptions of it. I only mention this for those who have the capacity and opportunity to explore this inquiry and have the diligence for observation and calculation, hoping that such individuals can be found, as I have many other projects to complete first and cannot give this my full attention right now. But I can assure the person who takes this on that they will find all the major motions of the world influenced by this principle, and that understanding it will be the true advancement of astronomy.

About 9 or 10 years ago, Mr. Hooke writt to Mr. Isaac Newton, of Trinity College, Cambridge, to make [CXXXIII.] a demonstration of this theory, not telling him, at first, the proportion of the gravity to the distance, nor what was the curv'd line that was thereby made. Mr. Newton, in his answer to the letter, did expresse that he had not known [1729] of it; and in his first attempt about it, he calculated the curve by supposing the attraction to be the same at all distances: upon which, Mr. Hooke sent, in his next letter, the whole of his hypothesis, scil. that the gravitation was reciprocall to the square of the distance,[Pg 415] ['which [1730] would make the motion in an ellipsis, in one of whose foci the sun being placed, the aphelion and perihelion of the planet would be opposite to each other in the same line, which is the whole coelestiall theory, concerning which Mr. Newton hath a demonstration,'] not at all owning he receiv'd the first intimation of it from Mr. Hooke. Likewise Mr. Newton haz in the same booke printed some other theories and experiments of Mr. Hooke's, as that about the oval figure of the earth and sea: without acknowledgeing from whom he had them, ['though1730[1730] he had not sent it up with the other parts of his booke till near a month after the theory was read to the Society by Mr. Hooke, when it served to help to answer Dr. Wallis his arguments produced in the Royal Society against it.']
About 9 or 10 years ago, Mr. Hooke wrote to Mr. Isaac Newton at Trinity College, Cambridge, asking him to make a demonstration of this theory, not initially revealing the proportion of gravity to distance or what the resulting curve would be. In his response, Mr. Newton stated that he was not aware of it; in his first attempt, he calculated the curve assuming the attraction was the same at all distances. In his next letter, Mr. Hooke shared the entirety of his hypothesis, namely that gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, which would result in elliptical motion with the sun at one focal point, making the aphelion and perihelion of the planet align in a straight line. This explains the entire celestial theory; however, Mr. Newton did not acknowledge that he received the initial information from Mr. Hooke. Additionally, Mr. Newton included other theories and experiments of Mr. Hooke's in the same book, such as those regarding the oval shape of the Earth and sea, without acknowledging their source, although he didn't publish these until nearly a month after Mr. Hooke presented the theory to the Society, which helped in addressing Dr. Wallis's arguments against it.

[CXXXIII.] To [1731] make a demonstration of it, telling him the proportion of the gravity to the distance and the curv'd line that was thereby made, to witt that it was an ellipsis in one of the foci of which was the sun and that that gravitation would make the aphelion and perihelion opposite to each other in the same diameter which is the whole celestiall theorie of which Mr. Newton haz made a demonstration.
[CXXXIII.] To [1731] demonstrate this, explaining to him the relationship between gravity and distance, and the curved path created by it, specifically that it forms an ellipse with the sun at one of its focal points, and that this gravitational force would place the aphelion and perihelion directly opposite each other along the same diameter, which encompasses the entire celestial theory that Mr. Newton has demonstrated.

Mr. Wood! This is the greatest discovery in nature that ever was since the world's creation. It never was so much as hinted by any man before. I know you will doe him right. I hope you may read his hand. I wish he had writt plainer, and afforded a little more paper.
Mr. Wood! This is the greatest discovery in nature that has ever been made since the world began. No one has ever even hinted at it before. I know you will do him justice. I hope you can read his handwriting. I wish he had written more clearly and provided a little more paper.

Tuus,
J. Aubrey.

Tuus, J. Aubrey.

Before I leave this towne, I will gett of him a catalogue of what he hath wrote; and as much of his inventions as I can. But they are many hundreds; he believes not fewer than a thousand. 'Tis such a hard matter to get people to doe themselves right.
Before I leave this town, I will get a list from him of what he has written, and as many of his inventions as I can. But there are many hundreds; he believes it's no fewer than a thousand. It's such a difficult thing to get people to do themselves justice.

Notes.

[FZ] Aubrey gives in trick the coat: 'quarterly, argent and sable a cross between 4 escallops all counterchanged [Hooke].'
[FZ] Aubrey describes the coat of arms: 'quarterly, silver and black with a cross between 4 scallops all in the opposite colors [Hooke].'

[GA] Aubrey used Hooke's rooms in Gresham College as the place to which he had his letters addressed. E.g. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 55, is an envelope addressed:—
[GA] Aubrey used Hooke's rooms at Gresham College as the location where he had his letters sent. For example, MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 55, is an envelope addressed:—

'To his much honoured friend John Awbrey, esqre, these present, at Mr. Hooke's lodgeings in Gresham College, London.'
'To his esteemed friend John Awbrey, Esq., these present, at Mr. Hooke's lodgings in Gresham College, London.'

MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48, is an envelope addressed—
MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48, is an envelope addressed—

'For Mr. John Aubrey: leave these at Mr. Hooke's lodging in Gresham College.'
'For Mr. John Aubrey: drop these off at Mr. Hooke's place in Gresham College.'

[GB] 'Mris. Grace Hooke, borne at Newport in the Isle of Wight 2^do Maii, at 8^h P.M.; she is 15 next May, scil. 1676.... Her father died by suspending him selfe, anno ...': MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 56^v.
[GB] 'Mrs. Grace Hooke, born in Newport on the Isle of Wight on May 2nd, at 8 PM; she will be 15 next May, specifically 1676.... Her father died by hanging himself, in the year ...': MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 56v.

[Pg 416]
[Pg 416]

Charles Hoskyns (1584-1609).

[1732]Charles Hoskyns was brother to the Serjeant and the Doctor; a very ingeniose man, who would not have been inferior to either but killed himself with hard study.
[1732]Charles Hoskyns was the brother of the Serjeant and the Doctor; a very clever man, who would have been on par with either of them but worked himself to death from overstudying.

Note.

Charles Hoskins, of 'Lenwarne' parish, Hereford, was admitted probationer July 26, 1604, and fellow of New College in 1606; took B.A. April 13, 1608; and died in 1609.
Charles Hoskins, from the 'Lenwarne' parish in Hereford, was admitted as a probationer on July 26, 1604, and became a fellow of New College in 1606; he earned his B.A. on April 13, 1608; and passed away in 1609.

John Hoskyns (1566-1638).

[1733]John Hoskyns [GC], serjeant-at-lawe, was borne at Mounckton in the parish of in the com. of Hereford, Aº Dⁿⁱ <1566> [on [1734] St. Mark's day].
[1733]John Hoskyns [GC], a sergeant-at-law, was born in Mounckton in the parish of in the county of Hereford, A.D. <1566> [on [1734] St. Mark's day].

Mounckton belonged to the priory of Llantony juxta Glocester, where his ancestors had the office of cupbearer (or 'pocillator') to the prior. I have heard there was a windowe given by one Hoskyns there, as by the inscription did appeare.
Mounckton was part of the priory of Llantony near Gloucester, where his ancestors held the position of cupbearer (or 'pocillator') to the prior. I've heard there was a window given by someone named Hoskyns there, as indicated by the inscription.

Whither the serjeant were the eldest brother [1735] or no, I have forgott; but he had a brother, John [GD], D.D., a learned man, rector of Ledbury and canon of Hereford, who, I thinke, was eldest, who was designed to be a scholar, but this John (the serjeant) would not be quiet, but he must be a scholar too. In those dayes boyes were seldome taught to read that were not to be of some learned profession. So, upon his instant importunity, being then ten yeares of age, he learned to reade, and, at the yeare's end, entred into his Greeke grammar. This I have heard his sonne, Sir Benet Hoskyns, knight and baronett, severall times say.
Whether the serjeant was the older brother or not, I’ve forgotten; but he had a brother, John, D.D., a learned man, rector of Ledbury and canon of Hereford, who I think was the elder, and was meant to be a scholar. However, this John (the serjeant) wouldn't be satisfied unless he became a scholar too. Back then, boys were rarely taught to read unless they were preparing for some learned profession. So, despite being only ten years old, he insisted on learning to read, and by the end of the year, he started on his Greek grammar. This is something I’ve heard his son, Sir Benet Hoskyns, knight and baronet, say several times.

He was of a strong constitution, and had a prodigious [Pg 417]memorie. At ... yeares old, he went to Winton schole, where he was the flower of his time. I remember I have heard that one time he had not made his exercise (verse) and spake to one of his forme to shew him his, which he sawe. The schoolmaster presently calles for the exercises, and Hoskyns told him that he had writ it out but lost it, but he could repeate it, and repeated the other boye's exercise (I think 12 or 16 verses) only at once reading over. When the boy who really had made them shewed the master the same, and could not repeate them, he was whipped for stealing Hoskyns' exercise. I thinke John Owen [GE] and he were schoole-fellowes. There were many pretty stories of him when a schooleboy, which I have forgott. I have heard his son say that he was a yeare at Westminster; and not speeding there, he was sent to Winton.
He had a strong build and an incredible memory. At ... years old, he went to Winton School, where he was the standout of his time. I remember hearing that one time he hadn’t completed his assignment (a poem) and asked one of his classmates to show him his work, which he did. The teacher soon called for the assignments, and Hoskyns told him that he had written it out but lost it, but he could recite it and then recited the other boy's poem (I think 12 or 16 lines) just after reading it once. When the boy who had actually written it showed the teacher his work and couldn’t recite it, he was punished for copying Hoskyns’ poem. I believe John Owen and he were classmates. There were many interesting stories about him as a schoolboy, which I have forgotten. I’ve heard his son say that he spent a year at Westminster; and after not doing well there, he was sent to Winton.

The Latin verses in the quadrangle at Winton Colledge [GF], at the cocks where the boyes wash their hands, were of his making, where there is the picture [1736] of a good servant, with hind's feet, ... head, a padlock on his lippes, ... The Latin verses describe the properties of a good servant.
The Latin verses in the courtyard at Winton College [GF], by the area where the boys wash their hands, were created by him. There’s a picture [1736] of a good servant, with hind's feet, ... head, a padlock on his lips, ... The Latin verses outline the qualities of a good servant.

When he came to New College, he was Terrae filius; but he was so bitterly satyricall that he was expelled and putt to his shifts.
When he arrived at New College, he was Terrae filius; but he was so harshly sarcastic that he got expelled and had to fend for himself.

He went into Somersetshire and taught a schole for about a yeare at Ilchester. He compiled there a Greeke lexicon as far as M, which I have seen. He maried (neer there) a rich widowe, [of Mr. Bourne]; she was a Moyle of Kent; by whome he had only one sonne and one daughter.
He went to Somersetshire and taught at a school for about a year in Ilchester. While there, he created a Greek lexicon up to the letter M, which I have seen. He married a wealthy widow, [of Mr. Bourne]; she was a Moyle from Kent; from her, he had only one son and one daughter.

[After [1737] his mariage] he admitted himselfe at the Middle Temple, London. He wore good cloathes, and kept good company. His excellent witt gave him letters of commendacion to all ingeniose persons. At his [1738]first comeing to London he gott acquainted with the under-secretaries at court, where he was often usefull to them in writing their Latin letters.
[After [1737] his marriage] he enrolled at the Middle Temple, London. He dressed well and associated with respectable people. His sharp intellect earned him recommendations from all the clever individuals. When he [1738] first arrived in London, he got to know the under-secretaries at court, where he was often helpful to them in writing their Latin letters.

His great witt quickly made him be taken notice of.
His sharp wit quickly got him noticed.

[Pg 418]
[Pg 418]

Ben: Johnson called him father. Sir Benet (bishop Benet [1739] of Hereford was his godfather) told me that one time desiring Mr. Johnson to adopt him for his sonne, 'No,' said he, 'I dare not; 'tis honour enough for me to be your brother: I was your father's sonne, and 'twas he that polished me.' In shorte, his acquaintance were all the witts then about the towne; e.g. Sir Walter Raleigh, who was his fellow-prisoner in the Tower, where he was Sir Walter's Aristarchus to reviewe and polish Sir Walter's stile; John Donne, D.D.; John Owen, (vide Epigr. 1—
Ben: Johnson called him father. Sir Benet (Bishop Benet [1739] of Hereford was his godfather) told me that once, when he wanted Mr. Johnson to adopt him as his son, 'No,' he replied, 'I dare not; it’s honor enough for me to be your brother: I was your father's son, and it was he who polished me.' In short, his friends were all the intellectuals in town at the time; for example, Sir Walter Raleigh, who was his fellow prisoner in the Tower, where he was Sir Walter's Aristarchus to review and refine Sir Walter's style; John Donne, D.D.; John Owen, (see Epigr. 1—

This book is the world; people are, Hoskine, verses:
You will find few good people here in the world.

Martyn, recorder of London; Sir Benjamin Ruddyer, with whom it was once his fortune to have a quarrell and fought a duell with him and hurt him in the knee, but they were afterwards friends again; Sir Henry Wotton, provost of Eaton College; cum multis aliis.
Martyn, recorder of London; Sir Benjamin Ruddyer, with whom he once had a fight and dueled, injuring him in the knee, but they later became friends again; Sir Henry Wotton, provost of Eton College; and many others.

His conversation was exceedingly pleasant, and on the roade he would make any one good company to him. He was a great master of the Latin and Greke languages; a great divine. He understood the lawe well, but worst at that.
His conversation was very pleasant, and on the road he could make anyone good company. He was a great master of Latin and Greek; a great theologian. He understood the law well, but wasn't the best at that.

He was admitted at the Middle Temple anno ...; called to be a serjeant at lawe anno <1623> (vide Origines Juridiciales).
He was admitted to the Middle Temple in the year ...; called to be a serjeant at law in the year <1623> (see Origines Juridiciales).

His verses on the fart in the Parliament house are printed in some of the Drolleries. He had a booke of poemes, neatly written by one of his clerkes, bigger then Dr. Donne's poemes, which his sonn Benet lent to he knowes not who, about 1653, and could never heare of it since. Mr. Thomas Henshawe haz an excellent Latin copie in rhythme in the prayse of ale of his.
His poems about the fart in the Parliament house are included in some of the Drolleries. He had a book of poems, neatly written by one of his clerks, larger than Dr. Donne's poems, which his son Benet lent to someone he doesn’t remember, around 1653, and he hasn’t heard about it since. Mr. Thomas Henshawe has an excellent Latin version in rhyme praising ale.

He was a very strong man and active. He did the pomado in the saddle of the third horse in his armour (which Sir John Hoskins haz still) before William, earle of Pembroke. He was about my heighth.
He was a strong and active man. He performed the pomado on the third horse while wearing his armor (which Sir John Hoskins still has) in front of William, Earl of Pembroke. He was about my height.

[Pg 419]
[Pg 419]

He had a very readie witt, and would make verses on the roade, where he was the best company in the world. In Sir H. Wotton's Remaynes are verses (dialogue) made on the roade by him and Sir Henry. He made an antheme (gett it) in English to be sung at Hereford Minster at the assizes; but Sir Robert Harley (a great Puritan) was much offended at it. He made the epitaph on Woodgate in New College cloysters. He made the best Latin epitaphs of his time; amongst many others an excellent one on Finch, this earl of Winchelsey's grandfather, who haz a noble monument at Eastwell in Kent.
He had a quick wit and would come up with verses on the road, where he was the best company in the world. In Sir H. Wotton's Remains, there are verses (dialogue) he created on the road with Sir Henry. He wrote an anthem (get it) in English to be sung at Hereford Minster during the assizes, but Sir Robert Harley (a prominent Puritan) was very offended by it. He also wrote the epitaph for Woodgate in the New College cloisters. He produced the best Latin epitaphs of his time, including an excellent one for Finch, the grandfather of the Earl of Winchelsey, who has a magnificent monument at Eastwell in Kent.

I will now describe his seate at Morhampton (Hereff.), which he bought of....
I will now describe his place in Morhampton (Hereff.), which he bought from....

[1740]At the gate-house is the picture of the old fellowe that made the fires, with a block on his back, boytle and wedges and hatchet. By him, this distich:—
[1740]At the gatehouse is a picture of the old guy who made the fires, with a block on his back, a kettle, wedges, and an axe. Next to him, this couplet:—

Welcome, whoever you are who is coming down, friend and guest: It's not right for these humble beings to dine at a lavish table.

By the porch of the howse, on the wall, is the picture in the margent:—
By the porch of the house, on the wall, is the picture in the margin:—

Noverint universi
Noverint everyone

et douch et gallante
and classy

ꝑroviso semꝓ
proviso somewhere

hec est finalis concordia
this is the final agreement

Above it are these verses:—
Above it are these lines:—

The sky is still, I admit, Copernicus; the earth moves; And they change the roofs of their spinning houses.

[Pg 420]
[Pg 420]

In the chapelle, over the altar, are these two Hebrewe words [1741], viz.:—
In the chapel, above the altar, are these two Hebrew words [1741], namely:—

וְשָֽׁמַעְתָּ֖ וְסָלָֽחְתָּ
וְשָֽׁמַעְתָּ֖ וְסָלָֽחְתָּ

and underneath this distich (1 Reg. 8. 30):—
and underneath this distich (1 Reg. 8. 30):—

Whoever prays here as a supplicant in the temple, Do not let your servants’ unfulfilled wishes perish.

Here is an organ that was queen Elizabeth's.
Here is an organ that belonged to Queen Elizabeth.

In the gallery the picture of his brother ( Doctor) in the pulpit, serjeant in his robes, the howse, parke, etc.; and underneath are these verses:—
In the gallery is the picture of his brother (the Doctor) in the pulpit, of the sergeant in his robes, the house, park, etc.; and underneath are these verses:—

This house, there are hills, bricks__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, wetlands__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__, waters,
Easter, forest, Ceres__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__: if you want, add prayers__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

In the garden, the picture of the gardiner, on the wall of the howse, with his rake, spade, and water-pott in his left hand. By it, this distich:—
In the garden, the portrait of the gardener on the wall of the house, holding his rake, spade, and watering can in his left hand. Next to it, this couplet:—

This place nurtures and is nurtured, is adorned and adorns: Adam had not yet fallen in love with this work.

In the first leafe of his fee-booke he drew the picture of a purse as in the margent, and wrote
In the first page of his fee-book, he drew a picture of a purse like the one in the margin, and wrote

καὶ δῶμεν ὁσκινδω.
καὶ δῶμεν ὁσκινδω.

underneath, out of Theocritus.
underneath, inspired by Theocritus.

[Pg 421]
[Pg 421]

On his picture in the low gallery are writt on his deske these verses, viz.:—
On his picture in the lower gallery are written on his desk these verses:—

I built eleven vigorous years, The day will come when death arrives unexpectedly; What I said, wrote, or handled in business, games, __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__, Peaceful silence in eternal embrace. If people seek something by law, let the heir respond,
Let my ashes fade away without any complaint.[1746]
To God, I owe a debt, O unfair spender, pay it off,
Please, Guarantor, {blood}, Christ, {your}.
{ nomine } {meo}

These verses with a little alteration are sett on his monument.
These lines, with a few changes, are inscribed on his monument.

Under severall venerable and shady oakes in the parke, he had seates made; and where was a fine purling spring, he did curbe it with stone.
Under several venerable and shady oaks in the park, he had seats made; and where there was a beautiful bubbling spring, he surrounded it with stone.

This putts me in mind of Fr. Petrarch's villa in Italie, which is not long since printed, where were such devises—vide Tomasini Petrarcha redivivus, Lat., Amsterdam, 12mo.
This reminds me of Fr. Petrarch's villa in Italy, which was recently published, where there were such designs—see Tomasini Petrarcha redivivus, Lat., Amsterdam, 12mo.

Besides his excellent naturall memorie, he acquired the artificiall way of memorie.
Besides his excellent natural memory, he developed the artificial method of memory.

He wrote his owne life (which his grandsonne Sir John Hoskyns, knight and baronet, haz), which was to shew that wheras Plutarch, ..., ..., etc., had wrote the lives of many generalles, etc., grandees, that he, or an active man might, from a private fortune by his witt and industrie attained to the dignity of a serjeant-at-lawe—but he should have said that they must have parts like his too.—This life I cannot borrowe.
He wrote his own life (which his grandson Sir John Hoskyns, knight and baronet, has) to show that while Plutarch and others wrote about the lives of many generals and prominent figures, he, or an ambitious person, could achieve the status of a sergeant-at-law through their talent and hard work—but he should have mentioned that they also needed qualities like his. I cannot borrow this life.

He wrote severall treatises. Amongst others:—
He wrote several treatises. Among others:—

a booke of style;

a method of the lawe (imperfect).

His familiar letters were admirable.
His familiar letters were great.

He was a close prisoner in the Tower, tempore regis Jacobi, for speaking too boldly in the Parliament house of the king's profuse liberality to the Scotts. He made a comparison of a conduit, whereinto water came, and[Pg 422] ran-out afarre-off. 'Now,' said he, 'this pipe reaches as far as Edinborough.' He was kept a 'close prisoner' there, i.e., his windowes were boarded up. Through a small chinke he sawe once a crowe, and another time, a kite; the sight whereof, he sayd, was a great pleasure to him. He, with much adoe, obtained at length the favour to have his little son Bennet to be with him; and he then made this distich, viz.:—
He was a close prisoner in the Tower during King James's reign for speaking too boldly in Parliament about the king's excessive generosity to the Scots. He compared it to a conduit that brings in water and then lets it flow far away. 'Now,' he said, 'this pipe reaches all the way to Edinburgh.' He was kept a 'close prisoner' there, meaning his windows were boarded up. Through a small crack, he once saw a crow and another time a kite, and he said that seeing them was a great pleasure for him. After much effort, he finally got permission for his little son Bennet to be with him; and then he wrote this couplet, viz.:—

While you are still a child, you don't know the troubles of language, The bonds of language will either bind you or set you free.

Thus Englished by him:—
Thus translated by him:—

My little Ben, while you are young,
And don't know how to control your tongue,
Make it your slave while you are free,
Least it, like mine, trap you.

[1747]I have heard that when he came out of the Tower, his crest (before expressed) was graunted him, viz., 'a lyon's head couped or, breathing fire.' The serjeant would say jocosely that it was the only lyon's head in England that tooke tobacco.
[1747]I heard that when he came out of the Tower, he was granted his crest (as mentioned before), which was 'a lion's head cut off, breathing fire.' The sergeant would jokingly say that it was the only lion's head in England that smoked tobacco.

Not many moneths before his death (being at the assises or sessions at Hereford) a massive countrey fellowe trod on his toe, which caused a gangrene which was the cause of his death. One Mr. Dighton [CXXXIV.] of Glocester (an experienced chirurgian who had formerly been chirurgian in the warres in Ireland) was sent for to cure him; but his skill and care could not save him. His toes were first cutt-off. The minister of his parish had a clubbe-foote or feete (I think his name was Hugh). Said he, 'Sir Hugh'—after his toes were cutt off—'I must be acquainted with your shoemaker.'
Not long before his death (while at the assizes or sessions in Hereford), a big guy stepped on his toe, which led to a gangrene that caused his death. One Mr. Dighton [CXXXIV.] from Gloucester (an experienced surgeon who had previously served as a surgeon in the wars in Ireland) was called in to treat him, but his skills and efforts couldn’t save him. They first had to amputate his toes. The minister of his parish had a club foot (I think his name was Hugh). He said, 'Sir Hugh'—after his toes were amputated—'I need to get to know your shoemaker.'

[CXXXIV.] Mr. Dighton would oftentimes say that he generally observ'd in the Irish warres that those men that went to their wenches the day before the battayle either did dye upon the spott or came under his handes. Digitus Dei!
[CXXXIV.] Mr. Dighton often said that he generally observed in the Irish wars that those men who visited their women the day before the battle either died on the spot or came under his hands. Digitus Dei!

Sir Robert Pye, attorney of the court of wardes, was his neighbour, but there was no great goodwill between them—Sir Robert was haughty. He happened to dye on Christmas day: the newes being brought to the serjeant, said he 'The devill haz a Christmas pye.'
Sir Robert Pye, the attorney for the court of wards, was his neighbor, but they didn't get along very well—Sir Robert was quite arrogant. He happened to die on Christmas Day; when the news was reported to the sergeant, he said, "The devil has a Christmas pie."

[Pg 423]
[Pg 423]

He was a very strong man, and valiant, and an early riser in the morning (scil., at four in the morning). He was black-eyed and had black hayre.
He was a very strong man, brave, and an early riser in the morning (specifically, at four in the morning). He had dark eyes and black hair.

He lies buried under an altar monument on the north side of the choire of Dowr abbey in Herefordshire.
He is buried under a memorial altar on the north side of the choir at Dowr Abbey in Herefordshire.

(In this abbey church of Dowre are two frustum's or remaynders of mayled and crosse-legged monuments, one sayd to be of a lord Chandois, th' other, the lord of Ewyas-lacy. A little before I sawe them a mower had taken one of the armes to whett his syth.)
(In this abbey church of Dowre are two frustums or remains of ornate, cross-legged monuments, one said to belong to a Lord Chandois, the other to the Lord of Ewyas-lacy. A little before I saw them, a mower had taken one of the arms to sharpen his scythe.)

On his monument is this inscription:—
On his monument is this inscription:—

This grave covers the whole which the world does not cover,
Hoskinus, a marvel of human talent,
He refined the two most combative aspects of things to such a degree. And those who do not endure the divine spirits__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ the same heart, Pieridum of the laws, pleasant in virtue Mixtus, Liticulans Musa, court music,
Praying and singing for causes, He rightly captivated both scholars. As long as holding the laws of the Solymites and the Idumaean people,
David played the lyre; __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__Talem Thebanas__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__ built the towers of Amphion, Sic indefessa personuisse chely,
Thus, wild people have been drawn to fierce and rustic caves. Exiled men united by lyre; So great was the divine heart ignited by Plato, When, lamenting Astera, he would give the laws; It's believable that the poet Solon lived. And whatever was given is both to know and to rave __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__. But you, great one, perish while the dispute is contested on both sides, The Astraea has her own desires, and Thalia has hers. This resides in the heavens, but it also dwells on earthly shores,
You yourself will be judged before the gods; Hoskinus divides himself into both parts, This part belongs to the sky, that one to the ground.

Canoro, the expert in law { Dear Parents, in memory,
Died August 27. This gravestone was placed here, inscribed in marble. 1638 { flens Benettus, and follows his Father
{ not by equal steps.

[Pg 424]
[Pg 424]

This epitaph was made by Thomas Bonham, of Essex, esquier.
This epitaph was created by Thomas Bonham, from Essex, gentleman.

The serjeant's epitaph on his wife at Bowe church, Heriff.:—
The sergeant's epitaph on his wife at Bowe church, Heriff.:—

Here lies Benedicta, about whom no one dares to speak ill. Who can describe either birth or virtue, or speak with a righteous tongue:
Bournii and Hoskinii, spouses and parents to both descendants. Mother was a servant of God, daughter of Moyl.

On Mr. Bourne, his sonne-in-lawe [1752], by him:—
On Mr. Bourne, his son-in-law [1752], by him:—

Noble and harmless, Bournius passed years Reading many, very skilled, saying little.
Juridicus causis neque se ditavit__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ agendis
Not by having a tenant but by dying does one gain profit.

[1754]Serjeant Hoskins:—Serviens ad legem; quaere, if a knight. His crest (I believe) granted for his bold spirit, and (I suppose) contrived by himselfe.
[1754]Serjeant Hoskins:—Serving the law; ask if a knight. His crest (I think) was granted for his brave spirit, and (I assume) designed by himself.

Amici included Egremund Thynne.
Here lies Egremundus Rarus,
Standing out in paradox.
He is dead, as it appears: If it could speak, it would deny this.

Was wont to say that all those that came to London were either carrion or crowes.
Was accustomed to say that everyone who came to London was either dead meat or crows.

[1755]:—Hoskyns—to collect his nonsense discourse, which is very good.
[1755]:—Hoskyns—to gather his nonsensical talk, which is actually quite good.

Notes.

[GC] Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'parted per pale gules and azure, a chevron between 3 lions rampant or [Hoskyns]: the crest is a lion's head crowned or, vomiting flames.'
[GC] Aubrey describes the coat of arms:—'divided vertically red and blue, with a chevron between 3 golden lions standing on their hind legs [Hoskyns]: the crest features a crowned golden lion's head, breathing out flames.'

[GD] John Hoskins, of 'Mownton' (Monnington on the Wye) in 'Lanwarne' parish, Hereford, was admitted probationer of New College June 22, 1584, and Fellow 1586. He was expelled in 1591 'propter dicteria maledica sub persona Terrae filii.' This was the Serjeant-at-Law.
[GD] John Hoskins, from 'Mownton' (Monnington on the Wye) in 'Lanwarne' parish, Hereford, was admitted as a probationer at New College on June 22, 1584, and became a Fellow in 1586. He was expelled in 1591 'for malicious speech under the persona of a son of the earth.' This was the Serjeant-at-Law.

John Hoskins, of 'Mownton in Lanwarne parish,' Hereford, was admitted probationer of New College, Aug. 24, 1599, and fellow Aug. 24, 1601, and resigned his fellowship in 1613. He took D.C.L. in 1613. He died in 1631 (buried at Ledbury, on August 9). This was 'the Doctor.'
John Hoskins, from 'Mownton in Lanwarne parish,' Hereford, was admitted as a probationer at New College on August 24, 1599, and became a fellow on August 24, 1601. He resigned his fellowship in 1613 and earned his D.C.L. in 1613. He passed away in 1631 and was buried in Ledbury on August 9. This was 'the Doctor.'

[GE] John Owen (the 'epigrammatist'), of Armon in Carnarvonshire, was admitted probationer of New College Oct. 20, 1582, and Fellow March 31, 1584. He resigned his fellowship in 1591.
[GE] John Owen (the 'epigram writer'), from Armon in Carnarvonshire, was accepted as a probationer at New College on October 20, 1582, and became a Fellow on March 31, 1584. He gave up his fellowship in 1591.

[GF] Aubrey, writing Oct. 27, 1671, in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 142, says:—
[GF] Aubrey, writing on October 27, 1671, in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 142, says:—

'At Winton College is the picture of a servant with asses eares and hind's feet, a lock on mouth, etc., very good hioglyphick, with a hexastique in Latin underneath.... It was done by the serjeant when he went to school there; but now finely painted. It is at the fountain where the boyes wash their hands.'
'At Winton College is a painting of a servant with donkey ears and cloven feet, a lock on their mouth, etc., very good hieroglyphics, with a hexastich in Latin underneath.... It was created by the sergeant when he attended school there; but now it's been beautifully painted. It's located at the fountain where the boys wash their hands.'

[Pg 425]
[Pg 425]

Sir John Hoskyns (1634-1705).

[1756]Sir John Hoskyns, knight, one of the Masters of the Chancery, borne at Morehampton in the countie of Hereford, A.D....
[1756]Sir John Hoskyns, knight, one of the Masters of the Chancery, born in Morehampton, Herefordshire, A.D.

Aug. 3rd, 1671, the native maryed.
Aug. 3rd, 1671, the native married.

Aug. 20, 1667, the native broke his thigh; Oct. 1671, the native had another fall which was no lesse dangerous then the former.
Aug. 20, 1667, the native broke his thigh; Oct. 1671, the native had another fall that was just as dangerous as the first.

Sir John Hoskyns' eldest son John [GG], borne at ..., 14 die Novembr. 1673, 4^h 48´ A.M. Obiit ... 1684.
Sir John Hoskyns' eldest son John [GG], born on November 14, 1673, at 4:48 A.M. Passed away in 1684.

Mris Jane Hoskyns, daughter of Sir John Hoskyns of Morhamton, Hereff., borne at Harwood in com. praedict. March the 2nd, about 6 a clock in the morning, A.D. 1677/8.
Mris Jane Hoskyns, daughter of Sir John Hoskyns of Morhamton, Heref., was born at Harwood in the aforementioned county on March 2nd, around 6 o'clock in the morning, CE 1677/8.

[1757]Gazette de Londres:—Jean Hoskins, esq., honoré du titre de chevalerie et l'un de maîtres ordinaires de la cancellerie 30 Janvier 1675.
[1757]London Gazette:—Jean Hoskins, Esq., honored with the title of knighthood and one of the ordinary masters of the Chancery, January 30, 1675.

Note.

[GG] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 63, is a letter to Aubrey from Sir John Hoskyns, dated Nov. 15, 1673, announcing the birth of this son on Nov. 14, 4^h 48´ A.M., and asking him to send to H. C., i.e. Henry Coley the astrologer.
[GG] In MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 63, there is a letter to Aubrey from Sir John Hoskyns, dated November 15, 1673, announcing the birth of his son on November 14, at 4:48 A.M., and asking him to send a message to H. C., meaning Henry Coley the astrologer.

Charles Howard (16— -16—).

[1758]Charles Howard, eldest son of the honourable Charles Howard of Norfolke, borne 1664 (old style) on a Thursday between 3 and 4 of the clocke in the morning, the last day of March, London. Obiit May 5th 1677, of the small pox.
[1758]Charles Howard, the eldest son of the honorable Charles Howard of Norfolk, was born in 1664 (old style) on a Thursday between 3 and 4 in the morning, on the last day of March, in London. He died on May 5th, 1677, from smallpox.

Henry Howard, second son, borne 1668, between 8 and [Pg 426]9 in the morning, being Sunday 18 of Oct., St. Luke's day.
Henry Howard, the second son, born in 1668, between 8 and [Pg 426]9 in the morning, on Sunday, October 18, St. Luke's Day.

Thomas Howard, 3rd son, born 12 of July, between one and 2 in the morning, 1670, being Thursday. Obiit, All Saints (day), twelvemonth after his birth.
Thomas Howard, 3rd son, born on July 12, between 1 and 2 in the morning, 1670, which was a Thursday. He passed away on All Saints' Day, a year after his birth.

Elizabeth Teresa Howard borne the 6 of April, being Easter Eve, 22 minutes after 9 of the clock in the evening. Obiit August 12-moneth after her birth.
Elizabeth Teresa Howard was born on April 6, on Easter Eve, at 9:22 PM. She passed away a month later, on August 12.

Robert Hues (1553-1632).

[1759]My cosen Whitney, a parson, quondam Aeneinas., told me that Hues de Globis was of that house [1760]; which I put downe in the margent of the Oxford book [1761].
[1759]My cousin Whitney, a pastor, once told me that Hues de Globis was from that house [1760]; which I noted in the margin of the Oxford book [1761].

[1762]Mr. Ashmole thinkes that Robert Hues was of Christ Church. Perhaps he might be of St. Mary Hall too—for so my old cosin Whitney told me by tradition.
[1762]Mr. Ashmole believes that Robert Hues attended Christ Church. He could also have been from St. Mary Hall, as my old cousin Whitney mentioned to me by tradition.

[1763]Hues de Globis:—I have heard my old cosen parson Whitney say—an old fellow of Brasennose (dyed 12 yeares since, aetat. 78 or 9)—(that) he was of St. Mary Hall.
[1763]Hues de Globis:—I’ve heard my old cousin, Parson Whitney, say—an old guy from Brasenose (who died 12 years ago at age 78 or 79)—that he was from St. Mary Hall.

Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon (1608/9-1674).

[1764]Edward Hyde, earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor of England, was borne at Dinton in com. Wilts., anno Domini 1608, Febr. 16, as this [1765] earle thinkes. He told me he has his father's life written by himselfe, but 'tis not fitt so soon to publish it.
[1764]Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, Lord Chancellor of England, was born in Dinton, Wiltshire, on February 16, 1608, as this [1765] earl believes. He mentioned that he has his father's autobiography, but it's not appropriate to publish it just yet.

[1766]I thinke I told you that this earl of Clarendon told me his father was writing the history of our late times. He beginns with king Charles 1st and brought it to the restauration of king Charles II, when, as he was writing, the penne fell out of his hand: he took it up [Pg 427]again to write: it fell out again. So then he percieved he was attacqued by death, scilicet, the dead palsey.—They say 'tis very well donne: but his sonne will not print it.
[1766]I think I mentioned that this Earl of Clarendon told me his father was writing the history of our recent times. He starts with King Charles I and brings it up to the restoration of King Charles II, when, as he was writing, the pen fell out of his hand. He picked it up again to continue writing, but it fell out once more. At that point, he realized he was struck by death, specifically, a stroke. They say it's very well done, but his son won’t publish it.

[1767]I advertised you, in my last, of a booke printed newly by ... Royston, viz. 'A vindication of Dr. Stillingfleet against Dr. Cressy, writt by a person of honour.' Mr. Royston assures me the earl of Clarendon is the author.
[1767]In my last message, I let you know about a newly printed book by ... Royston, titled 'A Vindication of Dr. Stillingfleet Against Dr. Cressy,' written by a person of honour. Mr. Royston confirmed that the author is the Earl of Clarendon.

[1768]The place of the Lord Chancellor Hyde's birth is Dinton, four miles from Chalke.
[1768]Lord Chancellor Hyde was born in Dinton, just four miles from Chalke.

Laurence Hyde,

of Hatch (a small village), Wilts.; originally from Cheshire; the third son of Robert Hyde, as noted on the inscription at Tisbury Church. | +--------------+--------------+--+-------------------------+ | | | | ... Hyde, Sir Laurence 3. Sir Nicholas 4. ... (I think, Robert) Hyde of of Hatch. Hyde, of Hyde, Lord Chief Purton near Highworth: he then | Hele, Wilts. Justice of the rented this estate at Dinton from ... | King's Bench. his brother Sir Laurence. | | | Edward. | Lord Chancellor Hyde. | | | +-------+--+-------------+-------------+---------+-----------+ | | | | | | | | 1. ...; 2. Sir Robert 3. , LL. Dr.; consul; Hyde>, M.D., | children. Chief Justice bishop of without beheaded; principal of | of the King's Sarum. children. without Magdalen No son: Bench; without | children. without a daughter children. Robert. | and heir. | +---+---+ No child living. | |

[Pg 428]

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Letter of Aubrey to Wood: MS. Ballard 14, fol. 131.
[1] Letter from Aubrey to Wood: MS. Ballard 14, page 131.

[2] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 110, 110^v.
[2] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 110, 110^v.

[3] Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 340.
[3] Aubrey to Wood, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 340.

[4] Ibid. fol. 347.
Ibid. p. 347.

[5] Composing MSS. Aubr. 6, 7, and 8 (part i.).
[5] Writing manuscripts Aubr. 6, 7, and 8 (part i.).

[6] Writing MS. Aubr. 8 (part ii.).
[6] Writing MS. Aubr. 8 (part ii.).

[7] MS. Aubr. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9.

[8] The lives of Isaac Barrow, and of (Serjeant-at-Law) John Hoskyns, may serve as specimens of a fair copy.
[8] The lives of Isaac Barrow and John Hoskyns (Serjeant-at-Law) could be examples of a good representation.

[9] Aubrey to Wood, MS. Ballard 14, fol. 129^v.
[9] Aubrey to Wood, MS. Ballard 14, fol. 129^v.

[10] In this edition, some notes about some of them have been brought in from Aubrey's letters, and his 'Collectio Geniturarum.'
[10] In this edition, some notes about a few of them have been included from Aubrey's letters and his 'Collectio Geniturarum.'

[11] Aubrey notes 'Mr. Halley' as the person to ask about Flamsted.
[11] Aubrey mentions 'Mr. Halley' as the go-to person for information about Flamsted.

[12] Aubrey adds the reference 'vide libr. B.': see Macray's Bodleian, p. 366.
[12] Aubrey includes the reference 'see libr. B.': check Macray's Bodleian, p. 366.

[13] The adventures of Captain Thomas Stump in Guiana are recorded in Aubrey's Natural History of Wilts.
[13] The adventures of Captain Thomas Stump in Guiana are documented in Aubrey's Natural History of Wilts.

[14] i.e. the schemes of nativity given at the beginning of many of the lives in MS. Aubr. 6. MS. Aubr. 23, 'Collectio genituraram,' drawn up by Aubrey in 1674 to be deposited in the Ashmolean Museum, is an earlier contribution to the 'supellex.'
[14] that is, the birth charts provided at the start of many of the biographies in MS. Aubr. 6. MS. Aubr. 23, 'Collection of Birth Charts,' created by Aubrey in 1674 to be housed in the Ashmolean Museum, is an earlier addition to the 'collection.'

[15] In fol. 11^v Aubrey's book-plate is pasted on.
[15] On page 11^v, Aubrey's bookplate is stuck on.

[16] In the top left corner, '1s. 4d.' is written. Possibly the price of the original paper-book.
[16] In the top left corner, '1s. 4d.' is written. This might be the price of the original paperback.

[17] 'Much' substituted for 'so well.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Much' replaced 'so good.'

[18] Aubrey cites in the margin:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Aubrey writes in the margin:—

Both of us wonderfully It grants permission, star.

Horat. lib. 2, ode 17:

Horat. book 2, ode 17:

Nescio quod certe est, quod me tibi temperet, astrum.
N/A

Pers. Sat. v. v. 50';

Pers. Sat. vs. v. 50';

and adds the date in the margin '1665'; but according to Wood, 1667 was the date of their first acquaintance (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 116).
and adds the date in the margin '1665'; but according to Wood, 1667 was the date of their first acquaintance (Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 116).

[19] Dupl. with 'hid.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'hid.'

[20] Subst. for 'girle's.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'girl's.'

[21] Matth. Raderi 'novi commentt.' were published in 1602, and later editions.
[21] The new commentary by Matth. Raderi was published in 1602, along with later editions.

[22] Dupl. with 'inventions.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'inventions.'

[23] 'Have been' is scored out.
'Have been' is crossed out.

[24] Subst. for 'things.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitutes for 'things.'

[25] Foll. 47, 48, in the original (foll. 10, 11, as now foliated). The rest are scraps: fol. 8 is a paper, bearing date 'London, March 12, 1688/9.'
[25] Foll. 47, 48, in the original (foll. 10, 11, as now numbered). The rest are fragments: fol. 8 is a document dated 'London, March 12, 1688/9.'

[26] See, e.g. in the life of David Jenkins, from a letter of Aubrey's, the expressions which brought Wood into court and expelled him from the University.
[26] For instance, in the life of David Jenkins, from a letter of Aubrey's, the remarks that led to Wood being taken to court and kicked out of the University.

[27] Fol. 2, in the present marking.
[27] Fol. 2, in the present marking.

[28] I have little doubt that the substance of all the missing pages is incorporated into the Athenae: cf., e.g. William Penn's life here by Aubrey, and the notice of Penn in Wood's Athenae.
[28] I'm pretty sure that the content of all the missing pages is included in the Athenae: for example, William Penn's biography here by Aubrey, and the mention of Penn in Wood's Athenae.

[29] Aubrey quotes in the margin:—ἔπεα πτερόεντα.—Hom.
[29] Aubrey quotes in the margin:—words that fly like wings.—Hom.

[30] Dated 'July 1^mo, 1681'—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5. In this index the names of some persons occur for notice, of whom no account is found here or elsewhere:—e.g. '... Aldsworth; Richard Blackbourne, M.D.; Sir George Etheridge; Isaac Newton.'
[30] Dated 'July 1^mo, 1681'—MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5. In this index, the names of certain individuals are mentioned, but no information about them is found here or elsewhere:—e.g. '... Aldsworth; Richard Blackbourne, M.D.; Sir George Etheridge; Isaac Newton.'

[31] There are now several inserted papers and slips. The two last leaves of the MS. as now made up (foll. 104, 105), belong to neither section of it, but have been brought in from elsewhere, possibly from loose Rawlinson papers.
[31] There are now several inserted papers and slips. The last two pages of the manuscript as it's currently arranged (foll. 104, 105) don't belong to either section, but have been added from another source, possibly from loose Rawlinson papers.

[32] Anthony Wood has marked it as 'G. 10' of his Athenae Collections (see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 232), thus showing that he looked on it as his own property.
[32] Anthony Wood labeled it as 'G. 10' in his Athenae Collections (see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 232), indicating that he considered it his own property.

[33] In this index or on blank pages in the treatise, some are mentioned for their lives to be written, of whom no account is found here or elsewhere in the biographical collections:—e.g. Mr. Blundeville; Bond; Mr. Robert Hues; Mr. Lidyate; Mr. ... Phale ; Edmund Wingate.
[33] In this index or on blank pages in the treatise, some people are noted for their lives to be documented, but there's no record of them here or in any biographical compilations:—e.g. Mr. Thomas Blundeville; Henry Bond; Mr. Robert Hues; Mr. Thomas Lidyate; Mr. ... Phale (i.e. Thomas Fale); Edmund Wingate.

[34] 'For' subst. for 'in order to the writing.'
[34] 'For' is a substitute for 'to write.'

[35] 'Is' subst. for 'Mr. Wood haz.'
[35] 'Is' stands for 'Mr. Wood has.'

[36] Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon., 1674.
[36] History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford, 1674.

[37] 'These following' subst. for 'my.'
'These following' replaces 'my.'

[38] Aubrey queries 'Is John Escuidus mentioned among them?'
[38] Aubrey asks, "Is John Escuidus included in that list?"

[39] Lond. 1616.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ London 1616.

[40] Written at first 'Venit et Hobbi.'
[40] Initially written as 'Venit et Hobbi.'

[41] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29. Aubrey notes in the margin:—'The ὕλη of the preface to the life written by Mr. H. him selfe in third person'; intending I suppose to consult it in remodelling his own draft preface.
[41] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29. Aubrey notes in the margin:—'The material of the preface to the life written by Mr. H. himself in the third person'; I suppose he intended to refer to it while rewriting his own draft preface.

[42] Subst. for 'now.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'now.'

[43] Subst. for 'setting forth.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Defined as 'setting forth.'

[44] Subst. for 'honoured.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'honored.'

[45] Dupl. with 'pueritia mea.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'my childhood.'

[46] Dupl. with 'having both the same schoolmaster.'
[46] Duplicate with 'having the same teacher.'

[47] Dupl. with 'desired.'
Dupl. with 'desired.'

[48] See in the life of Selden.
[48] Check out the life of Selden.

[49] In a marginal note Aubrey remarks 'meliorate this word.' Another note is 'Quaere of the preface of this Supplement,' i.e., I suppose, ask some one's opinion whether it will do or not.
[49] In a side note, Aubrey writes, "improve this word." Another note says, "Ask about the preface of this Supplement," meaning, I guess, consult someone about whether it will be effective or not.

[50] Dupl. with 'will .'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'will be.'

[51] Dupl. with 'slipt.'
Dupl. with 'slipped.'

[52] Dupl. with 'đđ' i.e. dedicate.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'đđ' meaning dedicate.

[53] Subst. for 'But for that the recrementa of such a person are valueable. It is with matters of antiquity as with the sett....'
[53] Subst. for 'If it weren't for that, the recrementa of such a person are valuable. Things from the past are like the sett....'

[54] Subst. for 'good light.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'good light.'

[55] Dupl. with 'so many degrees, etc.'
[55] Duplicate with 'so many degrees, etc.'

[56] Dupl. with 'entring.'
Dupl. with 'entering.'

[57] Subst. for 'This.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'This.'

[58] 'From oblivion' followed; scored out.
'From nothingness' followed; crossed out.

[59] Dupl. with 'growing.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'growing.'

[60] Dupl. with 'senescens.'
Dupl. with 'senescens.'

[61] Dupl. with 'rude.'
Dupl. with 'rude.'

[62] Dupl. with 'thing.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'thing.'

[63] Dupl. with 'cutt off.'
Dupl. with 'cut off.'

[64] Dupl. with 'sense,' 'opinion.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'sense,' 'opinion.'

[65] Dupl. with 'slighted.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Also means 'slighted.'

[66] Dupl. with 'goe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'goe.'

[67] Dupl. with 'meane.'
Dupl. with 'mean.'

[68] Subst. for 'Tuus.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Tuus.'

[69] In connexion with the controversy originated by Dr. Fell's excisions in Wood's notice of Hobbes in his Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon., 1674, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 291.
[69] Regarding the controversy that started with Dr. Fell's cuts in Wood's notice of Hobbes in his Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon., 1674, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 291.

[70] MS. has '1688,' by a slip.
The manuscript mistakenly states '1688.'

[71] Dupl. with 'sketches.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'sketches.'

[72] Anthony Wood has jotted here ''Tis well.'
[72] Anthony Wood has noted here "That's good."

[73] Aubrey's letter, dated June 1, 1693, is found in MS. Tanner 25, fol. 59.
[73] Aubrey's letter, dated June 1, 1693, is located in MS. Tanner 25, fol. 59.

[74] Malone's note in Mr. Doble's MS.
[74] Malone's note in Mr. Doble's manuscript.

[75] I have shown this as regards the text of Anthony Wood's Life; and I hope some day to show it in the much more important matter of the text of the Athenae.
[75] I've demonstrated this concerning Anthony Wood's Life; and I hope to address it in the much more significant issue of the text of the Athenae someday.

[76] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 223; Sept. 16, 1673.
[76] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 223; Sept. 16, 1673.

[77] Idem, ibid., fol. 221; Aug. 10, 1673.
[77] Same, ibid., p. 221; Aug. 10, 1673.

[78] Sic, substituted for 'cloth-worker.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sic, replaced with 'cloth worker.'

[79] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 116.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 116.

[80] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5: in the index, as a life to be written.
[80] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5: in the index, as a life to be documented.

[81] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 6.

[82] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 14

[83] MS. Ashmole, 388.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Ashmole, 388.

[84] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 95^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 95^v.

[85] By Robert Parsons, S.J.
By Robert Parsons, S.J.

[86] i.e. Holm Lacy.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Holm Lacy.

[87] Dupl. with 'forgett.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'forget.'

[88] i.e. tongs.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. tongs.

[89] Subst. for 'to have drowned.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'to have drowned.'

[90] i.e. fol. 99, of MS. Aubr. 6.
[90] i.e. p. 99, of MS. Aubr. 6.

[91] Subst. for 'the.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'the.'

[92] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 142^v: Oct. 27, 1671.
[92] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 142^v: Oct. 27, 1671.

[93] Trinity College.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Trinity College.

[94] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 42^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 42^v.

[95] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 27.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 27.

[96] Elected Fellow in 1576.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Elected Fellow in 1576.

[97] Subst. for 'he followed his advice.'
[97] Substitute for 'he followed his advice.'

[98] 'To St. Marie's' subst. for 'to church.'
[98] 'To St. Marie's' is a substitute for 'going to church.'

[99] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 27^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 27^v.

[100] In 1618/9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ In 1618/19.

[101] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 9.

[102] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 21^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 21^v.

[103] Added by Anthony Wood.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Added by Anthony Wood.

[104] He was M.A., Cambridge, 1574.
[104] He earned his M.A. from Cambridge in 1574.

[105] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 1^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 1^v.

[106] Thomas Poynter, rector of Houghton Conquest, Beds., 1676-1700.
[106] Thomas Poynter, rector of Houghton Conquest, Bedfordshire, 1676-1700.

[107] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.

[108] John Ashindon (or Eastwood): see Brodrick's Memorials of Merton College (O. H. S.), p. 200.
[108] John Ashindon (or Eastwood): see Brodrick's Memorials of Merton College (O. H. S.), p. 200.

[109] Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 229: Sept. 22, 1673.
[109] Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 229: September 22, 1673.

[110] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 10^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 10^v.

[111] In MS. Ballard 14, fol. 19, 20 is an autobiography dictated by Ashmole to Robert Plot, to be sent to Anthony Wood, Dec. 29, 1683.
[111] In MS. Ballard 14, fol. 19, 20 is an autobiography that Ashmole dictated to Robert Plot, intended for Anthony Wood, dated December 29, 1683.

[112] Added later by Aubrey to his note.
[112] Added later by Aubrey to his note.

[113] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 81^v, 82.
[113] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 81^v, 82.

[114] 1609/10.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1609/10.

[115] 'Nor dare I' followed, scored out.
[115] 'Nor do I dare' followed, crossed out.

[116] Astronomical symbols omitted.
Astronomical symbols removed.

[117] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3.

[118] Aubrey's favourite way of writing his initials. is his favourite monogram.
[118] Aubrey's favorite way of writing his initials. is his favorite monogram.

[119] Dupl. with 'This person's life.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'This person’s life.'

[120] Subst. for 'being.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'being.'

[121] i.e. 1625/6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1625/6.

[122] Explained in the margin as being 'the belly-ake: paine in the side.'
[122] Explained in the margin as being 'the bellyache: pain in the side.'

[123] Subst. for 'a place for solitude like an....'
[123] Subst. for 'a spot for quiet reflection like an....'

[124] The notes slide from 1st to 3rd person.
[124] The notes shift from 1st to 3rd person.

[125] Subst. for 'at 9,' scil. years of age.
[125] Abbreviation for 'at 9,' meaning years old.

[126] Subst. for 'must re.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'must repeat.'

[127] Reading doubtful, blurred.
Reading unclear, blurred.

[128] i.e. at 12 years of age.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ at age 12.

[129] Supra, p. 29.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[130] Dupl. with 'our.'
Dupl. with 'our.'

[131] Thomas Stephens: see sub nomine.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Thomas Stephens: see under the name.

[132] Dupl. with 'meanes.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'means.'

[133] Dupl. with 'clearnesse.'
Dupl. with 'clarity.'

[134] 'At 8 y I,' but the first words are scored out.
[134] 'At 8 years old I,' but the first words are crossed out.

[135] Isaac Lyte.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Isaac Lyte.

[136] Dupl. with 'being only my owne instructor.'
[136] Duplicate with 'being my only teacher.'

[137] Dupl. with ' a boy.' For 'was' he began to write 'I ' but struck it out.
[137] Duplicate with ' a boy.' For 'was' he started to write 'I ' but crossed it out.

[138] i.e. to Saturn, patron of antiquities.
[138] meaning Saturn, the protector of the ancient.

[139] Margin frayed.
Margin frayed.

[140] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3^v.

[141] In the margin Aubrey writes 'Tacitus and Juvenal,' perhaps meaning that he read these authors now, before going up to Oxford.
[141] In the margin, Aubrey writes 'Tacitus and Juvenal,' maybe indicating that he read these authors recently, before heading to Oxford.

[142] The sentence stood at first:—'Phansie like a pure christall mirrour.'
[142] The sentence initially read:—'Phansie like a clear crystal mirror.'

[143] Scil. 'disorder my phansy.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sci. 'mess with my imagination.'

[144] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 2.

[145] i.e. Monday, April 15.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Mon, Apr 15.

[146] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 3^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 3^v.

[147] Aubrey intended to write a fine sentence, parallel to what follows, describing the quiet of Oxford before the outbreak of the great war.
[147] Aubrey meant to craft a beautiful sentence, similar to what comes next, illustrating the calm of Oxford before the start of the great war.

[148] Sir Kenelm Digby's 'Observations on Religio Medici,' publ. in 1643.
[148] Sir Kenelm Digby's 'Observations on Religio Medici,' published in 1643.

[149] Dupl. with 'now did Bellona....'
Duplicate with 'now Bellona....'

[150] Dupl. with 'black.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'black.'

[151] Dupl. with 'one.'
Dupl. with 'one.'

[152] Dupl. begun, but scored through 'J.' i.e. July.
[152] Duplicate started, but crossed out 'J.' meaning July.

[153] Dupl. with 'importunity.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'importunity.'

[154] Trinity Sunday, 1643, was June 4.
[154] Trinity Sunday, 1643, was June 4.

[155] Subst. for 'was faine' .
[155] Substitute for 'was happy' .

[156] Dupl. with 'renewed' .
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'renewed' .

[157] i.e. though my friends were not debauchees, yet their conversation was not improving. For the low tone which grew up among Oxford scholars from contact with the garrison, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 129.
[157] In other words, even though my friends weren't party animals, their conversations weren't enriching. For the negative influence that developed among Oxford scholars from their interaction with the military, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 129.

[158] Subst for 'like.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'like.'

[159] 'Dew' is subst. for 'and sp.'
[159] 'Dew' is short for 'and spirit.'

[160] i.e. my character throughout my life was that I discharged the function of a whetstone.
[160] meaning that my role in life has been to sharpen others.

[161] Perhaps scil. 'others.' He set other people to work to record matters and so rescued them from oblivion.
[161] Maybe 'others.' He got other people to help document things and saved them from being forgotten.

[162] The people he set to work.
[162] The people he assigned to work.

[163] i.e. her portion was to be more than £2000, and her husband was to be guardian of her brother's estate (during minority?) which was worth £1000 a year.
[163] i.e. her share was to be over £2000, and her husband was to be the guardian of her brother's estate (until he was of age?) which was valued at £1000 a year.

[164] Subst. for 'my.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'my.'

[165] Dupl. with 'was procatractique cause' .
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'was procatractique cause' .

[166] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 4.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 4.

[167] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.

[168] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 4.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 4.

[169] Joan Sumner.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Joan Sumner.

[170] Gen. xxii. 14.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Gen. 22:14.

[171] Dupl. with 'submitted myselfe to God's will.'
[171] I submitted myself to God's will.

[172] i.e. Aubrey then wished he could have withdrawn into a monastery.
[172] i.e. Aubrey then wished he could escape to a monastery.

[173] i.e. had been left.
i.e. had been left.

[174]? i.e. the advantages of the Reformation in England have drawbacks in the disadvantages of losing monasteries.
[174]? In other words, the benefits of the Reformation in England come with the downside of losing monasteries.

[175] 'tooke' in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'tooke' in manuscript.

[176] Nicholas Tufton, 3rd earl. In MS. Ballard 14, fol. 99, April 23, 1674, Aubrey mentions a project for his advantage:—'The earl of Thanet would have me goe to his estate in the Bermudas.'
[176] Nicholas Tufton, 3rd earl. In MS. Ballard 14, fol. 99, April 23, 1674, Aubrey talks about a plan for his benefit:—'The earl of Thanet wants me to go to his property in the Bermudas.'

[177] The paragraphs following repeat, with some enlargement, the statements already made.
[177] The following paragraphs reiterate, with some expansion, the statements made earlier.

[178] Dupl. with 'till all was sold.'
[178] Dup. with 'until everything was sold.'

[179] Dupl. with 'great.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'great.'

[180] Aubrey adds a reference:—'vide Camden's divinum instr.'
[180] Aubrey adds a reference:—'see Camden's divine instruction.'

[181] One volume is now MS. Aubr. 3; the second is lost.
[181] One volume is now MS. Aubr. 3; the second one is missing.

[182] Aubrey's symbol for 'fortune' or 'wealth.'
[182] Aubrey's symbol for 'luck' or 'money.'

[183] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 4^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 4^v.

[184] The marginal note names two exceptions.
[184] The marginal note lists two exceptions.

[185] i.e. Ralph Sheldon's (Anthony Wood's friend): Aubrey was there in 1678, Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 420.
[185] i.e. Ralph Sheldon’s (Anthony Wood's friend): Aubrey was there in 1678, Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 420.

[186] Dupl. with 'a little.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'a little.'

[187] In these paragraphs Aubrey jots down his opinions as to his own character.
[187] In these paragraphs, Aubrey writes down his thoughts about his own character.

[188] Tac. Ann. iv. 44.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Tac. Ann. 4.44.

[189] Dupl. with 'negligence (lachesse).'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplication with 'negligence (lachesse).'

[190] i.e. school holidays.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. school breaks.

[191] Subst. for 'drawer.' See supra, p. 36.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'drawer.' See above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[192] See supra, p. 39.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[193]? acquaintance begun at the Middle Temple.
[193]? An acquaintance that started at the Middle Temple.

[194] i.e. who discovered (in his own opinion) 'the number of the beast.'
[194] i.e. who discovered (in his own opinion) 'the number of the beast.'

[195] i.e. Aubrey had a hundred letters of his.
[195] i.e. Aubrey had a hundred of his letters.

[196] 'Father' is written, as frequently in Aubrey, in a symbol, viz.

ᖤͧ

[197] See note on p. 43.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Check the note on page __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[198] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 191.
[198] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 191.

[199] Now MS. Aubr. 1 and 2.
[199] Now MS. Aubr. 1 and 2.

[200] The monogram of Anthony Wood.
The monogram of Anthony Wood.

[201] This is now MS. Aubr. 10.
[201] This is now MS. Aubr. 10.

[202] i.e. on business of the suit concerning the entail: supra, p. 39.
[202] meaning related to the legal case about the inheritance: above, p. 39.

[203] This symbol is for 'opposite to.'
This symbol means 'opposite of.'

[204] Sir Llewelyn (or Leoline, from the Latin form) Jenkins, Secretary of State 1680-1684.
[204] Sir Llewelyn (or Leoline, from the Latin form) Jenkins, Secretary of State 1680-1684.

[205] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 5.

[206] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.

[207] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 97^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 97.

[208] 1673/4.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1673/4.

[209] i.e. Thursday.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Thursday.

[210] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 2.

[211] MS. Aubr. 23, a slip at fol. 103^v.
[211] MS. Aubr. 23, a slip at fol. 103^v.

[212] MS. Aubr, 26, pp. 9, 10.
[212] MS. Aubr, 26, pp. 9, 10.

[213] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 103^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 103^v.

[214] Aubrey in MS. Rawl. J. fol. 6 (No. 15041 in Summary Catal. of Bodl. MSS.), fol. 30.
[214] Aubrey in MS. Rawl. J. fol. 6 (No. 15041 in Summary Catal. of Bodl. MSS.), fol. 30.

[215] Subst. for 'Mich:'.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Mich:'.

[216] Letalis arundo: Verg. Aen. iv. 73.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dead reed: Verg. Aen. iv. 73.

[217] i.e. a year.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ e.g. a year.

[218] i.e. Wiseman, ut supra.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Wiseman, see above.

[219] Ibid., fol. 30^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Same source, p. 30^v.

[220] Two initials obliterated.
Two initials removed.

[221]? 1663/4.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__? 1663/4.

[222] i.e. 1669/70.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1669/70.

[223] Ibid., fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Same source, p. 31.

[224] ⌗; a symbol I have not found elsewhere in Aubrey, as indicating a person.
[224] ⌗; a symbol I haven't seen anywhere else in Aubrey, representing a person.

[225] Aubrey adds: 'vide Almanac: 'twas that yeare I went to Hethfield.'
[225] Aubrey adds: 'see Almanac: it was that year I went to Hethfield.'

[226] Some astrological symbols follow.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Here are some astrological symbols.

[227] One word I cannot decipher.
[227] One word I can't figure out.

[228] Two words I cannot decipher.
[228] Two words I can’t figure out.

[229] See infra, p. 52.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[230] Vere Bertie, Baron of the Exchequer, 1675-78.
[230] Vere Bertie, Baron of the Exchequer, 1675-78.

[231] Seth Ward.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Seth Ward.

[232] 'At Malmsbury' is scored out, and the following substituted:—'In a private schoole at Westport, next to the smyth's shop as is (now, 1666) opposite to the ... (an inne).'
[232] 'At Malmsbury' is crossed out, and the following is added:—'In a private school in Westport, next to the blacksmith's shop, which is now (1666) across from the ... (an inn).'

[233] i.e. at Leigh-de-la-mere.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. at Leigh-de-la-Mer.

[234] Anthony Ettrick, 'of Berford, co. Dorset': matric. at Trinity College in 1640, and was afterwards called at the Middle Temple.
[234] Anthony Ettrick, 'from Berford, Dorset': enrolled at Trinity College in 1640 and later was admitted to the Middle Temple.

[235] William Hawes, of Byssam, Berks, aged 16, was elected Scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, June 5, (Trinity Monday) 1640; President in 1658.
[235] William Hawes, from Byssam, Berks, 16 years old, was chosen as a Scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, on June 5, (Trinity Monday) 1640; became President in 1658.

[236] Of Uxmore, Oxon, aged 15, elected Scholar of Trinity, June 4, 1640.
[236] Of Uxmore, Oxon, age 15, elected as Scholar of Trinity on June 4, 1640.

[237] Of Hoothorpe, Northants., elected Scholar of Trinity, June 5, 1637; Fellow, June 4, 1640; President, 1664.
[237] Of Hoothorpe, Northants., elected Scholar of Trinity on June 5, 1637; Fellow on June 4, 1640; President in 1664.

[238] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 19^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 19

[239] The blank is left for his official title, viz. Clarencieux King of Arms.
[239] The blank is left for his official title, namely, Clarencieux King of Arms.

[240] William Aubré was elected into a Law Fellowship at All Souls in 1547.
[240] William Aubré was elected to a Law Fellowship at All Souls in 1547.

[241] i.e. a number of the All Souls Fellowships were set aside for 'legists,' i.e. students of Civil Law.
[241] that is, several of the All Souls Fellowships were reserved for 'legists,' meaning students of Civil Law.

[242] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 20.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 20.

[243] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 20^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 20^v.

[244] Dupl. with 'for.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dupl. with 'for.'

[245] Dupl. with 'some thought.'
Dupl. with 'some thought.'

[246] He died more than seven years before James's accession.
[246] He passed away over seven years before James took the throne.

[247] '2 eldest' is written over as a correction.
[247] '2 oldest' is written over as a correction.

[248] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 21.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 21.

[249] This sentence is scored out on fol. 21; perhaps that the following paragraph, on fol. 21^v, may be inserted.
[249] This sentence is crossed out on fol. 21; maybe the next paragraph, on fol. 21^v, should be added.

[250] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 21^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 21^v.

[251] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 20^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 20^v.

[252] Sir Edward Atkins, Puisne Justice of the Common Pleas, 1649.
[252] Sir Edward Atkins, Associate Justice of the Common Pleas, 1649.

[253] John Cruso, LL.D., Caius Coll., Cambr. 1652.
[253] John Cruso, LL.D., Caius College, Cambridge 1652.

[254] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 22.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 22.

[255] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 21.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 21.

[256] Here followed, 'which Mr. Shuter etc. told me they had seen': scored out, as belonging infra.
[256] Here followed, 'which Mr. Shuter etc. told me they had seen': crossed out, as belonging below.

[257] Subst. for 'gave.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'gave.'

[258] William Aubrey, Student of Ch. Ch. in 1580; D.C.L. 1597.
[258] William Aubrey, Student of Christ Church in 1580; D.C.L. 1597.

[259] See infra, p. 61.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[260] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 21^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 21^v.

[261] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 19^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 19^v.

[262] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 1^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 1^v.

[263] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 23.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 23.

[264] i.e. John Dee's book, the 'child of his invention.'
[264] i.e. John Dee's book, the 'creation of his imagination.'

[265] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 23^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 23.

[266] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 24.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 24.

[267] Anthony Wood has put dots under this word, and noted in the margin 'sic.'
[267] Anthony Wood has placed dots under this word and commented in the margin 'sic.'

[268] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 24^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 24^v.

[269] It should be 'azure.'
It should be 'azure.'

[270] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 67.

[271] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 15

[272] i.e. in the life in MS. Aubr. 6; see infra, p. 84.
[272] for example, in the life in MS. Aubr. 6; see below, p. 84.

[273] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 16^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 16

[274] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67.

[275] Dupl. with 'lost.'
Dupl. with 'lost.'

[276] Part of the page left blank for insertion of the letter.
[276] A section of the page is left blank for adding the letter.

[277] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.

[278] Richard Sackville, 3rd earl, ob. 1624.
[278] Richard Sackville, 3rd Earl, died in 1624.

[279] See infra, sub nomine.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, under that name.

[280] Donne.
Donne.

[281] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 69.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, page 69.

[282] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 69^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 69^v.

[283] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 70.

[284] Horat., Ars Poet. 346.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Horat., Ars Poet. 346.

[285] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.

[286] Subst. for 'will.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'will.'

[287] Subst. for 'had been.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitutes for 'had been.'

[288] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 68.

[289] His brother-in-law, Mervyn Touchet, second earl of Castlehaven, was executed on this charge, May 14, 1631.
[289] His brother-in-law, Mervyn Touchet, the second earl of Castlehaven, was executed for this crime on May 14, 1631.

[290] Alice, daughter and co-heir of Bennet Barnham.
[290] Alice, the daughter and co-heir of Bennet Barnham.

[291] Over 'delicate,' Aubrey has written 'T. Hobbes,' either as his authority for the statement, or comparing Bacon's eyes with Hobbes', which were 'hazell' and 'ful of life.'
[291] Over 'delicate,' Aubrey has written 'T. Hobbes,' either as his source for the statement, or as a comparison of Bacon's eyes to Hobbes', which were 'hazel' and 'full of life.'

[292] i.e. the original, and the Greek version.
[292] meaning the original and the Greek version.

[293] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 71^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 71^v.

[294] 'doe things' subst. for 'live much.'
[294] 'do stuff' is a substitute for 'live a lot.'

[295] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 74.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, pg. 74.

[296] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 68.

[297] Rectius, of the King's Bench.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Correctly, of the King's Bench.

[298] Dupl. with 'pretty.'
Dupl. with 'pretty.'

[299] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 68.

[300] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 68^v.

[301] i.e. Hobbes.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Hobbes.

[302] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 71.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 71.

[303] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 68

[304] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 70^v.

[305] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.

[306] Dupl. with 'luxuriously.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'luxuriously.'

[307] Explicit MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.
[307] Explicit MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 68^v.

[308] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 72.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 72.

[309] Dupl. with 'respective.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'respective.'

[310] Aubrey's drawing will be found among the facsimiles at the end of this volume.
[310] You can find Aubrey's drawing among the reproductions at the end of this book.

[311] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 72^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 72^v.

[312] Here followed 'the servant would shutt the dore': scored out.
[312] Here followed 'the servant would close the door': crossed out.

[313] French 'concierge.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ French 'concierge.'

[314] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 73.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 73.

[315] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 73^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 73^v.

[316] A blank space is left in the MS. for their insertion.
[316] A blank space is left in the manuscript for their insertion.

[317] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 74.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 74.

[318] Subst. for 'was wont' .
[318] Substitute for 'was used to' .

[319] i.e. yew.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. yew.

[320] 'Belvideri' is written over 'good viewes,' as an alternative.
[320] 'Belvideri' is written over 'good views,' as an alternative.

[321] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 6

[322] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.

[323] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 11.

[324] Sir Thomas Badd, of Cames Oysells, created a baronet in 1642.
[324] Sir Thomas Badd, of Cames Oysells, was made a baronet in 1642.

[325] Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 319^v.
[325] Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 319^v.

[326] Idem, ibid., fol. 163^v: Jan. 27, 1671/2.
[326] Same, ibid., p. 163^v: Jan. 27, 1671/2.

[327] Robert Bolton, obiit 1631.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Robert Bolton, died 1631.

[328] Cited by Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 175^v.
[328] Cited by Aubrey, in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 175^v.

[329] Anthony Wood notes 'made, they say, by Dr. Owen,' Puritan dean of Christ Church, Oxford.
[329] Anthony Wood mentions 'made, they say, by Dr. John Owen,' Puritan dean of Christ Church, Oxford.

[330] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 2.

[331] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53^v.

[332] Robert Barclay was not son of John Barclay; see the dates supra.
[332] Robert Barclay was not the son of John Barclay; see the dates above.

[333] Theologiae verae Christianae apologia, Amstel. 1676. The English version appeared in 1678.
[333] Apology of True Christian Theology, Amsterdam, 1676. The English version came out in 1678.

[334] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 99.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 99.

[335] Isaac Barrow.
Isaac Barrow.

[336] Subst. for 'November.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'Nov.'

[337] i.e. this 'captain of the school.'
[337] meaning this 'leader of the school.'

[338] sic, for Felsted.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ sic, for Felsted.

[339] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 99^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 99^v.

[340] William Fairfax, born June 6, 1630, succeeded as 3rd viscount Fairfax of Emley, Sept. 1641, married Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Smith of Stulton co. Suffolk, and died 1648. His son Thomas, 4th viscount, died 1650/1.
[340] William Fairfax, born June 6, 1630, became the 3rd Viscount Fairfax of Emley in September 1641. He married Elizabeth, the daughter of Alexander Smith from Stulton, Suffolk, and passed away in 1648. His son Thomas, the 4th Viscount, died in 1650/1.

[341] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 100.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 100.

[342] Thomas Hill, intruded Master by the Parliamentary Visitors, 1645-1653.
[342] Thomas Hill was made Master by the Parliamentary Visitors, 1645-1653.

[343] Dupl. with 'the boy.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'the boy.'

[344] ? i.e. receiving his fellowship.
[344] ? that is, getting his fellowship.

[345] Ralph Widdrington, Reg. Prof. Greek, 1654-1660.
[345] Ralph Widdrington, Reg. Prof. Greek, 1654-1660.

[346] 1655-59.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1655-59.

[347] i.e. 100.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ e.g. 100.

[348] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 100^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 100^v.

[349] Dupl. with 'unravelling.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'unraveling.'

[350] Dupl. with 'he was not a Dr. Smirke'—in Andrew Marvell's satire.
[350] Duplicate with 'he was not a Dr. Smirke'—in Andrew Marvell's satire.

[351] Subst. for 'I sawe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sub for 'I saw.'

[352] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 101.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 101.

[353] 'In geometrie' is written over 'about mathematics' in explanation.
[353] 'In geometry' is noted above 'about mathematics' for clarification.

[354] MS. Aubr. 8, fol, 101^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 101^v.

[355] See Cooper's Athenae Cant. ii. 96.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See Cooper's Athenae Cant. 2.96.

[356] MS. Aubr. 6. fol. 51. Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'sable, two swords in saltire between four fleur-de-lys....'
[356] MS. Aubr. 6. fol. 51. Aubrey describes the coat:—'black, two crossed swords between four lilies....'

[357] Anthony Wood notes:—'This was made for Dr. Barrow, Vicechancellor of Cambridge, vide part iii,' i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, ut supra.
[357] Anthony Wood notes:—'This was created for Dr. Barrow, Vice Chancellor of Cambridge, see part iii,' i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, as mentioned above.

[358] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 100^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 100^v.

[359] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60^v. Thomas Batchcroft was Master of Gonville and Caius College, 1625-49, 1660-1670.
[359] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60^v. Thomas Batchcroft was the Master of Gonville and Caius College from 1625 to 1649, and again from 1660 to 1670.

[360] Note in pencil (partly inked over) by Aubrey at end of MS. Rawl. 766. The slip is addressed (not by Aubrey) 'To Mr. Thomas Awbrey at Broad Chalke—, to be left at the Lambe in Katherine Streete in Salisbury.' The seal is 'party per chevron, ... and or (?), in chief 2 eagles (or falcons) rising, a mullet for difference,' a coat for Stephens. Aubrey gives in trick, as on the monument, 'sable, a fesse engrailed argent, between 3 dexter hands couped bendways or.'
[360] Note written in pencil (partly inked over) by Aubrey at the end of the manuscript. Rawl. 766. The slip is addressed (not by Aubrey) 'To Mr. Thomas Awbrey at Broad Chalke—, to be left at the Lambe in Katherine Street in Salisbury.' The seal is 'divided per chevron, ... and or (?), at the top 2 eagles (or falcons) rising, a star for difference,' a coat for Stephens. Aubrey describes it, as shown on the monument, 'black, a wavy silver line, between 3 right hands cut off at the wrist gold.'

[361] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 116^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 116^v.

[362] Francis Beaumont, Justice of the Common Pleas, 1593.
[362] Francis Beaumont, Judge of the Common Pleas, 1593.

[363] Subst. for 'illorum.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'illorum.'

[364] 'Super' is written above 'over.'
'Super' is above 'over.'

[365] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 6.

[366] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 357: written Sept. 1, 1681.
[366] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 357: written Sept. 1, 1681.

[367] Blank in MS., Aubrey forgetting the name at the moment.
[367] Blank in the manuscript, Aubrey forgetting the name at the moment.

[368] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 45^v. The first part of the note seems to be a character of Beeston; the second part is a note of questions to be put to him.
[368] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 45^v. The first part of the note appears to describe Beeston; the second part is a list of questions to ask him.

[369] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, p. 6.

[370] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 71.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 71.

[371] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 70^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 70^v.

[372] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, p. 6.

[373] Charles Berkeley, created viscount Fitz-hardinge 1663, killed in the sea-fight, June 3, 1665.
[373] Charles Berkeley, made Viscount Fitzhardinge in 1663, died in the naval battle on June 3, 1665.

[374] MS. Aubr. 7 (fol. 5) is dated 'January 1684/5.'
[374] MS. Aubr. 7 (fol. 5) is dated 'January 1684/5.'

[375] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 90.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 90.

[376] i.e. in the scheme of the nativity, which portended immediate death.
[376] meaning in the context of the nativity, which suggested imminent death.

[377] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 11.

[378] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 5.

[379] i.e. in MS. Aubr. 6, ut supra.
[379] that is, in MS. Aubr. 6, as mentioned above.

[380] This sentence possibly refers to some other topic than the preceding.
[380] This sentence might refer to a different topic than the one before.

[381] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 35.

[382] MS. 'laeto.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. 'cheerful.'

[383] 'faire' is scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'do' is crossed out.

[384] i.e. 1½ mile.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1.5 miles.

[385] i.e. if descended from Alderman Henry Billingsley.
[385] that is, if descended from Alderman Henry Billingsley.

[386] i.e. MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v—in Francis Bacon's life.
[386] i.e. MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v—in Francis Bacon's life.

[387] i.e. Henry Billingsley's, to whom in this paragraph Aubrey harks back.
[387] that is, Henry Billingsley's, which Aubrey refers to in this paragraph.

[388] 'Richard,' infra, p. 103.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Richard,' below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[389] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 9.

[390] This injunction was addressed to Anthony Wood.
[390] This order was directed to Anthony Wood.

[391] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, page 18.

[392] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 90.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 90.

[393] Anthony Wood notes 'Luce, in vol. i, p....' i.e. MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35^v, ut supra, p. 100.
[393] Anthony Wood mentions 'Luce, in vol. i, p....' meaning MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35^v, as above, p. 100.

[394] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 89^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 89^v.

[395] In the library of the College of Arms.
[395] In the library of the College of Arms.

[396] Aubrey notes here:—'Quaere if this Thomas was not Sir Thomas Billingsley, the famous horseman?': see supra, p. 100.
[396] Aubrey mentions here:—'Could this Thomas be Sir Thomas Billingsley, the famous horseman?': see above, p. 100.

[397] MS. Aubr. 8 (Aubrey's volume of Lives of the English Mathematicians), fol. 76.
[397] MS. Aubr. 8 (Aubrey's collection of Lives of the English Mathematicians), page 76.

[398] i.e. written; viz. in MS. Aubr. 6, ut supra.
[398] i.e. written; namely in MS. Aubr. 6, as above.

[399] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35^v.

[400] i.e. from Sir Henry Billingsley.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e., from Sir Henry Billingsley.

[401] As given in next paragraph.
[401] As stated in the next paragraph.

[402] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 18.

[403] 'Portavit,' bore to his arms.
[403] 'He carried,' borne on his arms.

[404] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 18.

[405] Called 'Robert,' supra, p. 101.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Called 'Robert,' supra, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[406] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 67^v.

[407] i.e. Richard Sackville, 5th earl; obiit 1677.
[407] i.e. Richard Sackville, 5th earl; died 1677.

[408] i.e. Charles Louis, Elector Palatine 1648-80; his brothers were Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice.
[408] i.e. Charles Louis, Elector Palatine 1648-80; his brothers were Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice.

[409] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 85.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 85.

[410] Anthony Wood corrects this to 'Northwich.'
[410] Anthony Wood changes this to 'Northwich.'

[411] i.e. Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon., 1674. Birkenhead became servitor at Oriel in 1632, aged 15.
[411] i.e. Anthony Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon., 1674. Birkenhead started as a servitor at Oriel in 1632, when he was 15.

[412] Philip Gwyn, matr. at Oriel in 1634.
[412] Philip Gwyn, enrolled at Oriel in 1634.

[413] Subst. for 'dischardged.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'discharged.'

[414] In 1639.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ in 1639.

[415] Subst. for 'bold': Aubrey writes here κυνώπης, in explanation.
[415] Substitute for 'bold': Aubrey writes here kynōpēs, as an explanation.

[416] MS. Aubr. 6 was written in Feb. 1679/80.
[416] MS. Aubr. 6 was written in February 1679/80.

[417] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 85^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 85^v.

[418] For choosing a grave in the churchyard, and not, as was usual with persons of substance, in the church.
[418] For selecting a grave in the churchyard instead of, as was typical for people of means, in the church.

[419] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 85.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 85.

[420] These words, added (? by Wood) in pencil, probably give the reason assigned in the royal mandate recommending him for D.C.L.
[420] These words, possibly added by Wood in pencil, likely explain the reason stated in the royal order recommending him for D.C.L.

[421] Aubrey in MS. Tanner 24, fol. 159: Nov. 21, 1696.
[421] Aubrey in MS. Tanner 24, fol. 159: Nov. 21, 1696.

[422] i.e. All Souls: the letter is written to Thomas Tanner.
[422] meaning All Souls: the letter is addressed to Thomas Tanner.

[423] Thomas Farnaby, ut infra.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Thomas Farnaby, as below.

[424] Louis XIV.
Louis XIV.

[425] Aubrey in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 354^v: June 21, 1681.
[425] Aubrey in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 354^v: June 21, 1681.

[426] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 33.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 33.

[427] Matric. at St. Alban Hall Jan. 26, 1614/5, aged 17; took B.A. from Wadham Feb. 10, 1617/8.
[427] Enrolled at St. Alban Hall on Jan. 26, 1614/5, at the age of 17; received a B.A. from Wadham on Feb. 10, 1617/8.

[428] At St. Alban Hall. Norborne matric. in Oct. 1620; and took B.D. in 1637/8.
[428] At St. Alban Hall. Norborne enrolled in October 1620 and received his Bachelor of Divinity in 1637/8.

[429] Bridgewater, 1640.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Bridgewater, 1640.

[430] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 121.

[431] MS. Aubr. 23, a slip at fol. 103^v.
[431] MS. Aubr. 23, a note on page 103^v.

[432] i.e. Oct. 1682.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. October 1682.

[433] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 102.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 102.

[434] Matric. June 30, 1615; B.A. June 18, 1618.
[434] Enrolled: June 30, 1615; Bachelor of Arts: June 18, 1618.

[435] Subst. for 'friendship.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'friendship.'

[436] Dupl. with 'came.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'came.'

[437] Dupl. with 'combe-makers.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'combe-makers.'

[438] Dupl. with 'who was an extraordinary handsome man.'
[438] Duplicitous with 'who was an incredibly handsome man.'

[439] Subst. for 'whores.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitution for 'whores.'

[440] Dupl. with 'honour.'
Dupl. with 'honor.'

[441] The words in square brackets are insertions by Anthony Wood.
[441] The words in square brackets are added by Anthony Wood.

[442] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 102^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 102v.

[443] A note added after the preceding life had been written.
[443] A note added after the previous life was written.

[444] Aubrey in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 273^v: May 30, 1674.
[444] Aubrey in MS. Wood, F. 39, fol. 273^v: May 30, 1674.

[445] See sub nomine, Thomas Stephens.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See sub nomine, Thomas Stephens.

[446] Anthony Wood notes here,'false'; i.e. having inquired at Pembroke (in 1674), he found no trace of this tradition.
[446] Anthony Wood mentions here, 'false'; that is, after checking at Pembroke (in 1674), he found no evidence of this tradition.

[447] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 121.

[448] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 12.

[449] The horoscope is left blank.
The horoscope is blank.

[450] Dupl. with 'Negotiative.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'Negotiative.'

[451] Subst. for 'understands.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'gets.'

[452] Subst. for 'spare body.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'spare body.'

[453] Subst. for 'a very black eie.'
[453] Substitute for 'a very dark eye.'

[454] Dupl. with 'From his youth he.'
[454] Duplicate of 'Since he was young he.'

[455] Dupl. with 'fowle.'
Dupl. with 'foul.'

[456] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 12^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 12^v.

[457] Aubrey, on fol. 12^v, gives the full list of 32 titles copied (with some slight changes of spelling, etc.) from Bovey's own list, given infra.
[457] Aubrey, on page 12^v, provides the complete list of 32 titles copied (with some minor spelling changes, etc.) from Bovey's own list, mentioned below.

[458] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 13^v, Bovey's autograph.
[458] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 13^v, Bovey's autograph.

[459] No. 18 is no. 19 in Aubrey's copy; no. 19 is no. 18 in Aubrey's copy.
[459] No. 18 is No. 19 in Aubrey's version; No. 19 is No. 18 in Aubrey's version.

[460] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 12^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 12^v.

[461] 'From a child' followed: scored out.
[461] 'As a kid' followed: crossed out.

[462] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11^v.

[463] i.e. Aubrey remembered seeing the sermon in a shop there. He went and found it, and has excerpts infra, p. 116.
[463] i.e. Aubrey remembered spotting the sermon in a store there. He went and found it, and has excerpts infra, p. 116.

[464] MS. Aubr. 8 fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8 p. 12.

[465] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 127, a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood of date Feb. 21, 1679/80.
[465] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 127, a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood dated February 21, 1679/80.

[466] MS. Aubr. 7. fol. 10.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7. p. 10.

[467] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 10^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 10^v.

[468] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 11.

[469] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 11^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 11^v.

[470] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12^v.

[471] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 6

[472] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 16^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 16^v.

[473] Subst. for 'cared not for.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'didn't care.'

[474] Probably Robert Hooke.
Probably Robert Hooke.

[475] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 5.

[476] 1679/80, in this case.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1679/80, in this case.

[477] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 33.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 33.

[478] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 33^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 33^v.

[479] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 47^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 47^v.

[480] Subst. for 'that the beginnings of the Thames and Avon.'
[480] Substitute for 'that the beginnings of the Thames and Avon.'

[481] Dupl. with 'and sappable.'
Dupl. with 'and sippable.'

[482] Dupl. with 'the Bylanders.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'the Bylanders.'

[483] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 49.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 49.

[484] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, page 8.

[485] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 79.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 79.

[486] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 49.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 49.

[487] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 48.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 48.

[488] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 38^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 38^v.

[489] MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8^v.
[489] MS. Aubr. 7, a note on page 8^v.

[490] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 237.
[490] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 237.

[491] William Oughtred.
William Oughtred.

[492] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 101^v.

[493] Given by Aubrey in colours in a lozenge.
[493] Given by Aubrey in colors in a diamond shape.

[494] Venetia Stanley.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Venetia Stanley.

[495] Dupl. with 'had.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'had.'

[496] Aubrey notes in the margin:—'Barbara C.C. had such a one: nay sempstresse helped to worke it.'
[496] Aubrey notes in the margin:—'Barbara C.C. (i.e. Countess of Castlemaine) had one like that: indeed, the seamstress helped to make it.'

[497] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 18.

[498] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 26.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 26.

[499] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 9.

[500] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 29, a note appended to 'the scheme of the nativity of Democritus junior on his monument at Christ Church in Oxon: he writt the Melancholy.'
[500] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 29, a note added to 'the birth chart of Democritus junior on his memorial at Christ Church in Oxford: he wrote the Melancholy.'

[501] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 97^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 97

[502] The words in square brackets are the answer to the inquiry, added later.
[502] The words in square brackets are the answer to the question, added later.

[503] Dupl. with 'Wales.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'Wales.'

[504] The reference is to MS. Aubr. 8, (Lives, part iii.): see infra, p. 134.
[504] This refers to MS. Aubr. 8, (Lives, part iii.): see below, p. 134.

[505] Dupl. with 'I could have contentedly begged, like a poor man.'
[505] Duplicate with 'I could have happily begged, like someone in need.'

[506] Dupl. with 'make.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'make.'

[507] Dupl. with 'the turret.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'the turret.'

[508] Subst. for 'painted with.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'painted with.'

[509] Subst. for 'stretched.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substituted for 'stretched.'

[510] Bacon.
Bacon.

[511] Added later.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Added later.

[512] i.e. sew in.
sew in

[513] Jack Sydenham, supra, p. 132.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Jack Sydenham, supra, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[514] Dupl. with 'did sett.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'did sett.'

[515] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 98.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, page 98.

[516] Subst. for 'whether he lived to see the king's restauration I cannot now perfectly remember; but he did, or neer it: and (I thinke) dyed in London. Quaere Mr. Watts the taylor.'
[516] Substitute for 'whether he lived to see the king's restoration I can't remember clearly now; but he did, or nearly did: and (I think) died in London. Ask Mr. Watts the tailor.'

[517] Dupl. with 'his pretty house at the.'
[517] Duplicate with 'his nice house at the.'

[518] Subst. for 'rock.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'rock.'

[519] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12^v.

[520] The MS. with this symbol I have not identified. Anthony Wood also quotes a MS. with this symbol.
[520] I haven't identified the manuscript with this symbol. Anthony Wood also references a manuscript with this symbol.

[521] MS. Aubr. 8, slips at fol. 13.
[521] MS. Aubr. 8, slips at fol. 13.

[522] Sic in MS.: either a slip of the stone-cutter for T. B., or a heartless recalling of his nick-name (supra, p. 130).
[522] As noted in MS.: either an error by the stone-cutter for T. B., or a cold reminder of his nickname (above, p. 130).

[523] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 114^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 114^v.

[524] Subst. for 'was borne at Powyk, neer Worcester (where he went to schoole).'
[524] Substitute for 'was born in Powyk, near Worcester (where he attended school).'

[525] Subst. for 'when he was a boy.'
[525] Substitute for 'when he was a kid.'

[526] Subst. for 'which tooke, nothing so much!'
[526] Substitute for 'which took, nothing so much!'

[527] Subst. for 'desire.' Persons of position were usually buried in church.
[527] Substitute for 'desire.' People of status were typically buried in the church.

[528] The words in square brackets are struck out, apparently only because Aubrey thought they went too much into detail.
[528] The words in square brackets are crossed out, seemingly because Aubrey felt they went into too much detail.

[529] Subst. for 'beare.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'bear.'

[530] The inscription on the coffin.
The inscription on the coffin.

[531] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.

[532] Anthony Wood, in obedience to this injunction, inserted the leaf which is now fol. 115 of MS. Aubr. 6.
[532] Anthony Wood, following this instruction, added the page that is now fol. 115 of MS. Aubr. 6.

[533] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 115.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 115.

[534] Subst. for 'the charges of their health.'
[534] A substitute for 'the costs of their well-being.'

[535] Read, perhaps, 'on,' 'her.'
Read, maybe, 'on,' 'her.'

[536] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 186, note 2.
[536] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 186, note 2.

[537] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 114^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 114

[538] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 7.

[539] Inserted by Anthony Wood.
Inserted by Anthony Wood.

[540] Inserted by Wood, who wrote 'Henry' and then changed it to 'Robert.'
[540] Added by Wood, who originally wrote 'Henry' and then changed it to 'Robert.'

[541] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 26^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 26^v.

[542] Anthony Wood inserts the Christian name 'William.'
[542] Anthony Wood adds the first name 'William.'

[543] Subst. for 'Upon the first of King James.'
[543] Substitute for 'On the first of King James.'

[544] Dupl. with 'this physitian.'
Dupl. with 'this physician.'

[545] 'Husband's' subst. for 'hers.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Husband's' as a substitute for 'hers.'

[546] No doubt Edmund Waller, supra; and Thomas Gale, infra.
[546] No doubt Edmund Waller, above; and Thomas Gale, below.

[547] Dupl. with 'a man of great moodes.'
[547] Duplicate with 'a man of strong emotions.'

[548] infra, p. 142.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[549] Subst. for 'habit.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'habit.'

[550] Subst. for 'plate.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'plate.'

[551] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 22.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 22.

[552] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 24.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 24.

[553] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 23. The inscription is Henry More's autograph.
[553] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 23. The note is in Henry More's handwriting.

[554] Anthony Wood queries 'Where is this monument?' having forgotten MS. Aubr. 6: supra, p. 140.
[554] Anthony Wood asks, 'Where is this monument?' having forgotten MS. Aubr. 6: supra, p. 140.

[555] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 26^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 26^v.

[556] Dupl. with 'fashion.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'fashion.'

[557] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 25.

[558] For the answer to this query, see infra.
[558] For the answer to this question, see below.

[559] Dupl. with 'said.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'said.'

[560] Dupl. with 'then.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'then.'

[561] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 22.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 22.

[562] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138: Sept. 2, 1671.
[562] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138: Sept. 2, 1671.

[563] Ibid., fol. 141^v: Oct. 27, 1671.
[563] Ibid., fol. 141^v: Oct. 27, 1671.

[564] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119. Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'or, a fess engrailed between 6 cross crosslets fitchée sable.'
[564] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119. Aubrey describes the coat of arms:—'gold, a horizontal band with wavy edges between 6 black crosslets.'

[565] Subst. for 'was short-.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'was shortsighted.'

[566] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v.

[567] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip pasted on to fol. 119.
[567] MS. Aubr. 6, a note attached to fol. 119.

[568] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v.

[569] 'Non' is added by Anthony Wood in red ink, in answer to this inquiry.
[569] 'No' is added by Anthony Wood in red ink, in response to this question.

[570] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 119.

[571] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, pg. 18.

[572] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 268.
[572] Refer to Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 268.

[573] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 133; a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated July 15, 1681.
[573] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 133; a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated July 15, 1681.

[574] Isaac Lyte.
Isaac Lyte.

[575] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 105.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, page 105.

[576] Subst. for 'built.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Replacement for 'built.'

[577] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.

[578] 'At Northway': so his baptismal certificate in MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 25.
[578] 'At Northway': according to his baptismal certificate in MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 25.

[579] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138^v: Sept. 2, 1671.
[579] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138^v: Sept. 2, 1671.

[580] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 141: Oct. 27, 1671.
[580] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 141: Oct. 27, 1671.

[581] Aubrey, at this date, was in hiding at Broad Chalk.
[581] Aubrey, at this time, was hiding in Broad Chalk.

[582] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 93.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 93.

[583] Dupl. with 'mayds.'
Dupl. with 'maids.'

[584] Dupl. with 'bargaine.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'bargain.'

[585] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 93^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 93

[586] Anthony Wood notes in the margin 'Jo Triplett.'
[586] Anthony Wood writes in the margin, 'John Triplett.'

[587] Charles Gataker was author of several pamphlets.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Charles Gataker wrote several pamphlets.

[588] Subst. for 'Wayneman.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Wayneman.'

[589] 'excellent' written over 'witts,' as an alternative.
[589] 'excellent' written over 'wits,' as an alternative.

[590] Dupl. with 'victory by the Devizes.'
[590] Duplicate with 'victory by the Devizes.'

[591] Subst. for 'Some now that.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Some now that.'

[592] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 94.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 94.

[593] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 29.

[594] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29: Aubrey repeats the coat given supra.
[594] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29: Aubrey restates the coat mentioned earlier.

[595] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29^v.

[596] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 39.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 39.

[597] Anthony Wood notes 'col. Charles Cavendish.'
[597] Anthony Wood mentions 'Colonel Charles Cavendish.'

[598] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 39^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 39

[599] 'Abner' in MS. by a slip.
[599] 'Abner' in the manuscript due to an error.

[600] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 59^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 59^v.

[601] Sir William Montagu, Chief Baron of the Exchequer 1676-1686.
[601] Sir William Montagu, Chief Baron of the Exchequer 1676-1686.

[602] John Cecil, succeeded as fourth earl in 1643.
[602] John Cecil became the fourth earl in 1643.

[603] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 60.

[604] Dupl. with 'degree.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'degree.'

[605] Subst. for 'keepe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'keep.'

[606] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 19.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, p. 19.

[607] The words in square brackets are added by Anthony Wood. Chaloner matriculated at Exeter College, June 7, 1611.
[607] The words in square brackets are added by Anthony Wood. Chaloner enrolled at Exeter College on June 7, 1611.

[608] i.e. 'tutor,' in the sense of instructor (not, of comptroller of the household).
[608] i.e. 'tutor,' meaning instructor (not, of the household manager).

[609] Dupl. with 'false,' i.e. falsehood.
Duplicate with 'false,' indicating untruth.

[610] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 19^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 19^v.

[611] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 61. Aubrey has been unable to make out the whole inscription.
[611] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 61. Aubrey hasn't been able to decipher the entire inscription.

[612] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 53^v, and a slip at fol. 100^v.
[612] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 53^v, and a slip at fol. 100^v.

[613] 'His father was minister there': Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 144.
[613] 'His dad was the minister there': Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 144.

[614] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 54.

[615] Wednesday.
Wednesday.

[616] i.e. the horoscope which Aubrey has there.
[616] meaning the horoscope that Aubrey has there.

[617] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 77.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, p. 77.

[618] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.

[619] Anthony Wood noted here 'rather 1680; if you meane Stephen Charnock, the divine': but saw his error and erased the note.
[619] Anthony Wood remarked here 'around 1680; if you're referring to Stephen Charnock, the theologian': but recognized his mistake and deleted the note.

[620] i.e. as fol. 56-58 of MS. Aubr. 8.
[620] i.e. as pages 56-58 of MS. Aubr. 8.

[621] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 58^v; the heading is by Aubrey; the letter is the original.
[621] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 58^v; the heading is by Aubrey; the letter is the original.

[622] Earth.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Earth.

[623] Salt.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Salt.

[624] Rabbet = 'a groove cut along the edge of a board ... to receive a corresponding projection cut on the edge of another board, required to fit it.'—Century Dictionary.
[624] Rabbet = 'a groove made along the edge of a board ... to accommodate a matching projection cut on the edge of another board, necessary for it to fit.'—Century Dictionary.

[625] Address, on MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53. Postage is marked as '6d.'
[625] Address, on MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53. Postage is marked as '6d.'

[626] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 57. The letter is the original.
[626] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 57. The letter is the original.

[627] Line frayed off.
Line frayed off.

[628] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 56^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 56^v.

[629] Elias Ashmole's Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum, 1652.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Elias Ashmole's Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum, 1652.

[630] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 56.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 56.

[631] i.e. of the roll mentioned, supra, p. 164.
[631] meaning the roll mentioned earlier, supra, p. 164.

[632] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 56^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 56

[633] 'Perfet' is scored through.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Perfect' is scored through.

[634] A note added in the text by Paschall.
[634] A note inserted in the text by Paschall.

[635] A description by Paschall of a drawing on the roll, after the above verses.
[635] A description by Paschall of a drawing on the roll, after the above verses.

[636] The symbols for sun and moon = gold and silver.
[636] The symbols for the sun and moon are gold and silver.

[637] Half a line which Paschall could not read.
[637] Half a line that Paschall couldn't read.

[638] Printed in Ashmole's Theatrum Chemicum.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Printed in Ashmole's Theatrum Chemicum.

[639] Printed ibid.
Printed same source.

[640] Printed ibid.
Printed here.

[641] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 27.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 27.

[642] Sir Thomas Richardson, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 1631.
[642] Sir Thomas Richardson, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 1631.

[643] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 200: April 7, 1673.
[643] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 200: April 7, 1673.

[644] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 121^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 121^v.

[645] i.e. Arch Bishop of Canterbury.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Archbishop of Canterbury.

[646] 1642, in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1642, in MS.

[647] Dupl. with 'terrible.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'terrible.'

[648] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121^v.

[649] MS. Aubr. 6. fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6. p. 6^v.

[650] MS. has 'did had,' i.e., Aubrey at first thought of writing 'did have.'
[650] The manuscript says 'did had,' meaning Aubrey initially considered writing 'did have.'

[651] Perhaps John Nayler, fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge.
[651] Maybe John Nayler, a member of St. John's College, Cambridge.

[652] Aubrey, in MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 96^v.
[652] Aubrey, in MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 96^v.

[653] Subst. for 'a great many.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Replace 'a lot.'

[654] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 28.

[655] The number was doubtful, see supra, p. 175.
[655] The number was questionable, see above, p. 175.

[656] 'Thomas,' is in error for Edward.
[656] 'Thomas' is mistakenly used instead of 'Edward.'

[657] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 208: May 17, 1673.
[657] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 208: May 17, 1673.

[658] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 28.

[659] 'Or sonne' is scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Or sun' is crossed out.

[660] Dupl. with 'which belonged to him.'
[660] Duplicate with 'which belonged to him.'

[661] Nov. 15, 1616.
Nov. 15, 1616.

[662] Three lines of the text are suppressed here.
[662] Three lines of the text are hidden here.

[663] Sept. 3, 1633.
Sept. 3, 1633.

[664] Subst. for 'will play.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'will play.'

[665] Henry Cuff: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 424.
[665] Henry Cuff: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 424.

[666] Ovid, Metam. iii. 230.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ovid, Metam. iii. 230.

[667] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 27^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 27

[668] Subst. for 'envyed.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'envied.'

[669] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 5. Aubrey gives in trick the coat '..., a serpent in pale vert.'
[669] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 5. Aubrey describes the coat as '..., a serpent in a vertical position, green.'

[670] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 60

[671] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 131: June 14, 1671.
[671] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 131: June 14, 1671.

[672] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 86.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 86.

[673] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 28.

[674] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 5.

[675] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 25.

[676] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 24.
[676] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iii. 24.

[677] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 316: April 9, 1679.
[677] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 316: April 9, 1679.

[678] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 16^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 16^v.

[679] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.

[680] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 91^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 91^v.

[681] Subst. for 'about.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'about.'

[682] MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 4.
[682] MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at page 4.

[683] Josias Pullen, Vice-Principal of Magdalen Hall.
[683] Josias Pullen, Vice-Principal of Magdalen Hall.

[684] Anthony Wood notes:—'afterwards of Winton.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Anthony Wood mentions:—'later from Winton.'

[685] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 69.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 69.

[686] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, pg. 15^v.

[687] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 106.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 106.

[688] Subst. for 'farther.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'farther.'

[689] i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v, ut supra. He was never Canon of Ch. Ch.
[689] i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v, as mentioned above. He was never a Canon of Christ Church.

[690] Dupl. with 'ruffe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'ruffe.'

[691] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 106^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 106^v.

[692] Subst. for 'company.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Term for 'company.'

[693] Subst. for 'pressing upon the.'
Substitute for 'pushing on the.'

[694] The words in square brackets are substituted for 'with this inscription ... (vide).'
[694] The words in square brackets replace 'with this inscription ... (see).'

[695] i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v, ut infra.
[695] i.e. MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v, as below.

[696] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 106.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 106.

[697] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 106^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 106^v.

[698] Three lines of the text are here suppressed.
[698] Three lines of the text are omitted.

[699] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.

[700] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 6

[701] Subst. for 'I left Oxford': see supra, p. 37.
[701] Substitute for 'I left Oxford': see above, p. 37.

[702] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 113^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 113^v.

[703] Subst. for 'to buy it.'
Buy it instead.

[704] i.e. Tom.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Tom.

[705] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip at fol. 113^v.
[705] MS. Aubr. 6, a note on page 113^v.

[706] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 36.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 36.

[707] Jane Smyth, see sub nomine.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Jane Smyth, see under the name.

[708] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 5^v.

[709] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 11.

[710] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v.

[711] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.

[712] i.e. 1600/1.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1600/1.

[713] Dupl. with 'shew the like two brothers,' scil. as Sir Charles Danvers and his brother Henry, earl of Danby.
[713] Duplicate with 'show the same two brothers,' specifically referring to Sir Charles Danvers and his brother Henry, Earl of Danby.

[714] Edward Vere, seventeenth earl of Oxford.
[714] Edward Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.

[715] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 26^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 26^v.

[716] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 25.

[717] Aubrey, in the margin, notes 'Anne Bulleyn.'
[717] Aubrey, in the margin, notes 'Anne Bulleyn.'

[718] For the murder of Henry Long.
[718] For the murder of Henry Long.

[719] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 25.

[720] Dupl. with 'dyed.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'dyed.'

[721] This symbol I cannot explain.
I can't explain this symbol.

[722] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 25^v.

[723] Dupl. with 'discreet.'
Dupl. with 'discreet.'

[724] George Legge, created (1682) lord Dartmouth.
[724] George Legge was made lord Dartmouth in 1682.

[725] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 3, p. 46.

[726] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 44^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 3, pg. 44^v.

[727] Over the almshouse: ibid. fol. 45.
[727] Above the homeless shelter: same source, page 45.

[728] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.

[729] Grandson.
Grandson.

[730] Their flight, after the murder of Henry Long.
[730] Their escape, following the killing of Henry Long.

[731] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 3, p. 46.

[732] George Herbert. This note follows Herbert's verses on the gravestone of Henry Danvers.
[732] George Herbert. This note comes after Herbert's lines on the gravestone of Henry Danvers.

[733] i.e. in his son, Henry, earl of Danby.
[733] that is, in his son, Henry, Earl of Danby.

[734] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18^v.

[735] His elder brother.
His older brother.

[736] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 25^v.

[737] i.e. at the time of his father's death, supra, p. 195.
[737] meaning at the time his father passed away, supra, p. 195.

[738] i.e. the arrangement of these gardens proved his good taste.
[738] meaning the layout of these gardens showed his excellent taste.

[739] Dupl. with 'to collogue with the P.'
[739] Duplicate. with 'to collude with the P.'

[740] Sir Robert Danvers, justice of the Common Pleas, 1450; Sir Thomas Littelton (the jurist), justice of the Common Pleas, 1466.
[740] Sir Robert Danvers, judge of the Common Pleas, 1450; Sir Thomas Littelton (the legal scholar), judge of the Common Pleas, 1466.

[741] This is the 'Elizabeth, viscountess Purbeck,' who so frequently appears in these biographies as an informant of Aubrey.
[741] This is the 'Elizabeth, Viscountess Purbeck,' who often shows up in these biographies as someone Aubrey relies on for information.

[742] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97.

[743] Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Danvers, ut supra.
[743] Elizabeth, the daughter of Henry Danvers, as mentioned above.

[744] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 97^v.

[745] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 1

[746] The winter of 1678-79 was a severe one: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 426, 432, 439.
[746] The winter of 1678-79 was harsh: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 426, 432, 439.

[747] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 45.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 45.

[748] Omitted here, because given, infra, p. 199, from fol. 43.
[748] Omitted here, because provided, infra, p. 199, from fol. 43.

[749] MS. Aubr. 26, p. 16.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 26, p. 16.

[750] Whiddy Island, in Bantry Bay.
[750] Whiddy Island, located in Bantry Bay.

[751] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 43.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 43.

[752] Subst. for 'an incomparable.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'unmatched.'

[753] There followed '(except the gout),' scored out.
[753] Then it said '(except the gout),' crossed out.

[754] 'Luctu' in the copy on fol. 43; 'dolore,' in the copy on fol. 45.
[754] 'Luctu' in the copy on page 43; 'dolore,' in the copy on page 45.

[755] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 43^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, page 43^v.

[756] Dupl. with 'where he profited very well.'
[756] Duplication with 'where he benefited quite a bit.'

[757] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 44.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 44.

[758] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8^v.

[759] MS. Aubr. 10, fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 10, p. 31.

[760] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 44^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 44^v.

[761] John Pearson, bishop of Chester 1672-86.
[761] John Pearson, Bishop of Chester 1672-1686.

[762] Of which he had been President.
[762] He had been the President of that.

[763] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 46.

[764] The words here put in square brackets are a later insertion: the first clause is scored out.
[764] The words in square brackets were added later: the first clause is crossed out.

[765] Aubrey adds 'vide p. 79 (Suckling)'; i.e. fol. 110 of this MS. Aubr. 6, in the life of Sir John Suckling infra.
[765] Aubrey adds 'see p. 79 (Suckling)'; that is, fol. 110 of this MS. Aubr. 6, in the life of Sir John Suckling below.

[766] Subst. for 'Robert was vicar of West Kington, chaplain to bishop Davenant.'
[766] Substitute for 'Robert was the vicar of West Kington and chaplain to Bishop Davenant.'

[767] The words in square brackets are scored out.
[767] The words in square brackets are crossed out.

[768] Dupl. with 'was.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dual with 'was.'

[769] 'Contentended' in MS.
'Contentended' in MS.

[770] The words in square brackets are scored out.
[770] The words in square brackets are crossed out.

[771] Dupl. with 'whereby she was called a whore': also scored out.
[771] Duplicate with 'where she was called a whore': also crossed out.

[772] Dupl. with 'empaled.'
Dupl. with 'impaled.'

[773] Anthony Wood notes in the margin 'Grevill, lord Brookes.'
[773] Anthony Wood writes in the margin, 'Grevill, Lord Brookes.'

[774] Wood notes in the margin, 'Sir Fulk Grevill, poet.'
[774] Wood writes in the margin, 'Sir Fulk Grevill, poet.'

[775] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 46

[776] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 47.

[777] Subst. for 'and went with them.'
[777] Subst. for 'and went along with them.'

[778] Subst. for 'then almost forgot.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'then almost forgot.'

[779] Subst. for 'the best coffin they sayd that.'
[779] Substitute for 'the best coffin they said that.'

[780] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 47^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 47^v.

[781] Subst. for 'spirit.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'soul.'

[782] Letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, of date May 19, 1668; MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 118.
[782] Letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated May 19, 1668; MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 118.

[783] Wood queries:—'in S. Bennet chapel, quaere.'
[783] Wood asks:—'in S. Bennet chapel, question.'

[784] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 9^v: a memo. intended for Anthony Wood.
[784] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 9^v: a note meant for Anthony Wood.

[785] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 390: July 15, 1689.
[785] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 390: July 15, 1689.

[786] Davenport was pastor at Newhaven in New England.
[786] Davenport was the pastor in New Haven, New England.

[787] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 18^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 18^v.

[788] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37: also verbatim from the Ephemerides Stadii, in MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 77.
[788] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37: also verbatim from the Ephemerides Stadii, in MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 77.

[789] In a letter from Elias Ashmole to Anthony Wood: MS. Ballard 14, fol. 13.
[789] In a letter from Elias Ashmole to Anthony Wood: MS. Ballard 14, fol. 13.

[790] In a letter from Dr. John Conant to Anthony Wood, 1683: MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 101.
[790] In a letter from Dr. John Conant to Anthony Wood, 1683: MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 101.

[791] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 6^v.

[792] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 78.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 78.

[793] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 77^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 77

[794] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.

[795] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 37.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 37.

[796] See supra, pp. 61-65.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See above, pp. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__-65.

[797] Sir William Boswell.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sir William Boswell.

[798] Anthony Wood notes, 'false.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Anthony Wood notes, 'false.'

[799] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 158.
[799] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 158.

[800] Dupl. with 'sanguine.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'sanguine.'

[801] '1672' is added in pencil.
'1672' is noted in pencil.

[802] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 38.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 38.

[803] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 96.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, p. 96.

[804] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 7.

[805] i.e. Thursday.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Thursday.

[806] For purposes of testing the astrological scheme.
[806] For the purpose of testing the astrology system.

[807] Philip Herbert, fifth earl, succeeded 1655, died 1669.
[807] Philip Herbert, the fifth earl, took over in 1655 and passed away in 1669.

[808] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 7^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 7^v.

[809] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7^v.

[810] Subst. for 'proofe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'proof.'

[811] MS. Aubr. 8, fol 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol 6^v.

[812] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 84.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 84.

[813] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 105.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 105.

[814] Judge of the King's Bench, 1660.
[814] Judge of the King's Bench, 1660.

[815] Dupl. with 'when noboby suspected it.'
[815] Duplicate with 'when nobody suspected it.'

[816] Subst. for 'Paschalius.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Paschalius.'

[817] Subst. for 'most guilty of it.'
[817] Substitute for 'most at fault for it.'

[818] i.e. 1638/9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1638–1639.

[819] 'William, lord,' subst. for 'the lord.'
[819] 'William, lord,' stands in for 'the lord.'

[820] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 105^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 105^v.

[821] John Denham, fellow-commoner of Wadham, in July 1654.
[821] John Denham, commoner at Wadham, in July 1654.

[822] Subst. for 'and then would not.'
[822] Substitute for 'and then would not.'

[823] Elizabeth Mallet, wife of John Wilmot, second earl of Rochester.
[823] Elizabeth Mallet, the wife of John Wilmot, the second earl of Rochester.

[824] Richard Escott matr. at Exeter, July 3, 1612; afterwards of Lincoln's Inn.
[824] Richard Escott enrolled at Exeter on July 3, 1612; later became associated with Lincoln's Inn.

[825] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 33^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 33

[826] Dupl. with 'loines.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'loines.'

[827] Sir Henry Savile.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sir Henry Savile.

[828] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 8^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 8^v.

[829] Dupl. with 'opinion,' or 'conscience.'
Duplicate with 'opinion' or 'belief.'

[830] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 31.

[831] i.e. 1600/1.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1600/1.

[832] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 1^v.

[833] In 1596.
In 1596.

[834] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 10.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 10.

[835] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 178: July 6, 1672.
[835] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 178: July 6, 1672.

[836] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 99.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 99.

[837] This title is substituted in the margin. The text had 'de fallaciis,' scored out, and 'vide margent' written over.
[837] This title is replaced in the margin. The text had 'de fallaciis' crossed out, and 'see margin' written above it.

[838] i.e. if Anthony Wood wants to know which of the suggestions is correct, Aubrey can find out.
[838] i.e. if Anthony Wood wants to know which suggestion is right, Aubrey can find out.

[839] i.e. although in Glocester Hall, he did not matriculate in the University. This was by no means infrequent all through the seventeenth century, and was especially common with students of Roman Catholic families.
[839] that is, although he was at Glocester Hall, he didn't enroll in the University. This was quite common throughout the seventeenth century, especially among students from Roman Catholic families.

[840] Subst. for 'they remain.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'they remain.'

[841] i.e. to Philip Herbert, fifth earl of Pembroke, obiit 1669; father of William, sixth earl, obiit 1674, and Philip, seventh earl, obiit 1683. MS. Aubr. 6 was written in 1680.
[841] i.e. to Philip Herbert, fifth earl of Pembroke, died 1669; father of William, sixth earl, died 1674, and Philip, seventh earl, died 1683. MS. Aubr. 6 was written in 1680.

[842] Subst. for 'loved.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Synonym for 'loved.'

[843] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 99^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 99^v.

[844] Dupl. with 'excellency.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'excellency.'

[845] Subst. for 'more.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'more.'

[846] Dupl. with 'play.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'play.'

[847] Subst. for 'dedication.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'dedication.'

[848] A pen-slip for 'contested': see supra.
[848] A brief reference for 'contested': see above.

[849] Dupl. with 'people.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'people.'

[850] Dupl. with 'he was here two.'
[850] Duplicate with 'he was here two.'

[851] Subst. for 'studyed chymistry': 'made artificiall stones' is written over as an alternative.
[851] Substitute for 'studied chemistry': 'made artificial stones' is noted as an alternative.

[852] Subst. for 'de Corpore.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'de Corpore.'

[853] July 1648.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ July 1648.

[854] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 100.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 100.

[855] '2' is written over the '1,' perhaps as a correction.
[855] '2' is written over the '1,' maybe as a correction.

[856] Afterwards Aubrey added 'I have seen.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Later, Aubrey said, "I’ve seen."

[857] Subst. for 'a lawyer.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'a lawyer.'

[858] i.e. vellum.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. parchment.

[859] Subst. for 'much.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'much.'

[860] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101^v.

[861] Grandson; his father Robert, second earl, died in 1609, a year after his father, Thomas Sackville, first earl.
[861] Grandson; his father Robert, the second earl, passed away in 1609, a year after his father, Thomas Sackville, the first earl.

[862] John Danvers, p. 196, supra.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ John Danvers, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__, supra.

[863] Subst. for 'had some children.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'had kids.'

[864] Dupl. with 'good.'
Dupl. with 'good.'

[865] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 101.

[866] Subst. for 'braine.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'brain.'

[867] Aubrey gives (MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101) a drawing of this monument here given in facsimile.
[867] Aubrey provides a drawing of this monument here shown in facsimile (MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 101).

[868] '... Fryars' is written over 'Christ Church,' as an alternative.
[868] '... Fryars' is written over 'Christ Church' as another option.

[869] Dupl. with 'degrees.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'degrees.'

[870] 'Or Bedfordshire' followed, scored out.
[870] 'Or Bedfordshire' came next, crossed out.

[871] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 73.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 73.

[872] This entry is scored out.
This entry is struck through.

[873] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 73^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 73^v.

[874] i.e. from which Aubrey excerpted the genealogy above: probably a MS. in the Heralds' Office.
[874] i.e. from which Aubrey took the genealogy above: likely a manuscript in the Heralds' Office.

[875] The family of Digges.
The Digges family.

[876] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 72^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 72^v.

[877] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 51^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 51^v.

[878] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 75.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 75.

[879] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 75^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 75^v.

[880] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 74. This folio is a slip on which Aubrey has written a long note about the book he mentioned on fol. 75 as 'Ala seu scala mathematices, 4to, printed at London.'
[880] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 74. This page is a note where Aubrey has written a detailed message about the book he referred to on page 75 as 'Ala seu scala mathematices, 4to, printed in London.'

[881] MS. Aubr. 8, fol 74^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol 74^v.

[882] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 75.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, pg. 75.

[883] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 8^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 8^v.

[884] 'The countess of Dorset, that was governes to prince Charles, now our King, was at the cost of erecting his monument': Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 208: May 17, 1673.
[884] 'The Countess of Dorset, who was in charge of Prince Charles, now our King, funded the construction of his monument': Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 208: May 17, 1673.

[885] i.e. at the side of the inscription this is carved; Aubrey gives a rough sketch of the figures, a sun in his glory charged with a mercury's cap, on a wreath; a shield gouttée, with a Pegasus.
[885] that is, next to the inscription, this is carved; Aubrey provides a rough sketch of the figures, a sun in its glory wearing a Mercury's cap, on a wreath; a shield with drops, featuring a Pegasus.

[886] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 102^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 102v.

[887] Erasmus was in England 1497 and 1510. The Dryden pedigree is:—
[887] Erasmus was in England in 1497 and 1510. The Dryden family tree is:—

David Dryden | John Dryden, died 1584 | Sir Erasmus, died 1632 | +----+----+ | | John Erasmus (3rd son) | John (the poet)

[888] Given in trick by Aubrey.
[888] Given as a trick by Aubrey.

[889] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 108^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 108^v.

[890] i.e. his life. The page has been left blank for the fulfilment of this promise: cf. Milton, infra.
[890] meaning his life. This page is blank to fulfill this promise: see Milton, below.

[891] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121: out of Dr. Richard Napier's papers.
[891] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121: from Dr. Richard Napier's writings.

[892] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 87.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 87.

[893] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121: out of Dr. Richard Napier's papers.
[893] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121: from Dr. Richard Napier's documents.

[894] MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8^v.
[894] MS. Aubr. 7, a slip at fol. 8^v.

[895] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 19.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 19.

[896] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 2.

[897] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 31^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 31^v.

[898] Dupl. with 'his athanor roome.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate of 'his athanor room.'

[899] Dupl. with 'is famous in picture and poetrie.'
[899] Duplicate with "is famous in art and poetry."

[900] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 1^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 1

[901] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 32.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 32.

[902] At Salisbury.
At Salisbury.

[903] Gondomar, ambassador of Spain to James I, 1617-23.
[903] Gondomar, ambassador of Spain to James I, 1617-23.

[904] Subst. for 'seates.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'seats.'

[905] i.e. 'Cantuar. archiepiscopus,' Aubrey using his contraction for arch-bishop (A. B.) instead of the Latin.
[905] i.e. 'Cantuar. archbishop,' Aubrey using his abbreviation for archbishop (A. B.) instead of the Latin.

[906] Sic, in Aubrey's MS., but in error: perhaps 1210 was intended.
[906] As written, in Aubrey's manuscript, but it's likely a mistake: maybe 1210 was meant.

[907] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 83^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 83^v.

[908] Here followed, scored out as being in error, 'he was created earle of Bridgwater.'
[908] Here it was noted, crossed out as a mistake, 'he was made Earl of Bridgwater.'

[909] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9.

[910] A quotation jotted down as applicable to the Shrewsbury story, supra.
[910] A quote noted down that relates to the Shrewsbury story, supra.

[911] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 29.

[912] Eldest son of Sir George: see in the life of Thomas Triplett.
[912] The oldest son of Sir George: see in the biography of Thomas Triplett.

[913] Petron. Satir. cap. 34 (Bücheler).
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Petronius. Satire. ch. 34 (Bücheler).

[914] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 5^v.

[915] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7.

[916] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 5^v.

[917] Subst. for 'would not adventure him at the boarding schoole.'
[917] Substitute for 'would not risk him at the boarding school.'

[918] i.e. Andrew Paschal (B.D. 1661) had lived in the rooms formerly occupied by Erasmus.
[918] i.e. Andrew Paschal (B.D. 1661) lived in the rooms that Erasmus used to occupy.

[919] Dupl. with 'find out.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'find out.'

[920] In his horoscope.
In his horoscope.

[921] i.e. fixed the course of study.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ meaning they create the curriculum.

[922] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 6.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 6.

[923] Dupl. with 'easie.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'easy.'

[924] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 37^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 37^v.

[925] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 94.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 94.

[926] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 60.

[927] Wood 514, no. 19*, is a pass granted at the time of the siege, with Sir Thomas Fairfax's signature and seal.
[927] Wood 514, no. 19*, is a permit issued during the siege, featuring the signature and seal of Sir Thomas Fairfax.

[928] Edmund Wyld (?).
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Edmund Wyld (?).

[929] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 136: Aug. 9, 1671.
[929] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 136: Aug. 9, 1671.

[930] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 369: Aug. 15, 1682.
[930] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 369: Aug. 15, 1682.

[931] In error for 'George.'
In error for 'George.'

[932] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 10.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 10.

[933] 'Fisk, M.D., or so called': Aubrey's note in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5.
[933] 'Fisk, M.D., or so-called': Aubrey's note in MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5.

[934] 'An astrological discourse' by N. F., 1650, 12mo, is in the Brit. Mus. Libr.
[934] 'An astrological discourse' by N. F., 1650, 12mo, is in the British Museum Library.

[935] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v: Aug. 9, 1671.
[935] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v: Aug. 9, 1671.

[936] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 8^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 8^v.

[937] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 58.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 58.

[938] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 16.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 16.

[939] In error for 'William.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Mistaken for 'William.'

[940] Dupl. with 'a great.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'a great.'

[941] Aubrey hesitated about his correct title, noting between the lines, 'his Worship; quaere, if Honour.'
[941] Aubrey paused, unsure of his proper title, observing subtly, 'his Worship; maybe, if Honour.'

[942] i.e. Wycombe.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ like Wycombe.

[943] A line of text is suppressed here.
[943] A line of text is hidden here.

[944] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 45

[945] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 54.

[946] 'And was buryed August 29th, 1625': Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 253: Jan. 31, 1673/4.
[946] 'And was buried on August 29th, 1625': Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 253: Jan. 31, 1673/4.

[947] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 133: June 10, 1671. Ibid., fol. 131, Aubrey says the information was from Florio's grandson, 'Mr. Molins.'
[947] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 133: June 10, 1671. Ibid., fol. 131, Aubrey mentions that the information came from Florio's grandson, 'Mr. Molins.'

[948] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60^v. Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'azure, a chevron wavy between 3 griffins segreant or.'
[948] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60^v. Aubrey describes the coat as follows:—'blue, with a wavy chevron between 3 golden griffins standing upright.'

[949] An erased note, ibid., says: 'He proposed to a parliament, tempore regis Jacobi, a way of bringing water to London from Richmondsworth, and printed a little booke of it, which Mr. Edmund Wyld has, and is exceeding scarce: see it, and take the title.'
[949] A deleted note, ibid., states: 'He suggested to a parliament, during the reign of King James, a method for bringing water to London from Richmondsworth, and published a small book about it, which Mr. Edmund Wyld possesses and is extremely rare: check it out and note the title.'

[950] This sentence is scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ This sentence is struck through.

[951] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 273: May 30, 1674.
[951] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 273: May 30, 1674.

[952] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v: Aug. 9, 1671.
[952] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v: Aug. 9, 1671.

[953] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 192^v: Jan. 18, 1672/3.
[953] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 192^v: Jan. 18, 1672/3.

[954] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.

[955] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 17.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 17.

[956] To the monument of John Speed in the chancel of St. Giles Cripplegate.
[956] To the memorial of John Speed in the chancel of St. Giles Cripplegate.

[957] 'Printed also in Stowe's Survey': Anthony Wood's note.
[957] 'Also published in Stowe's Survey': Anthony Wood's note.

[958] Aubrey in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 171: May 10, 1672.
[958] Aubrey in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 171: May 10, 1672.

[959] Supra, p. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[960] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 18^v.

[961] Dupl. with 'strong made.'
Dupl. with 'strong made.'

[962] MS. Aubr. 23. fol. 121.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23. p. 121.

[963] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 11.

[964] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 129: a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, of date March 19, 1680/1.
[964] MS. Ballard 14, fol. 129: a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated March 19, 1680/1.

[965] Dupl. with 'killed.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'killed.'

[966] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 31.

[967] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 49.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 49.

[968] Subst. for 'mathematicall.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'mathematically.'

[969] Dupl. with 'telling.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'telling.'

[970] By William Prynne.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ by William Prynne.

[971] MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 128, a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, of date Nov. 17, 1670.
[971] MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 128, a letter from Aubrey to Anthony Wood, dated Nov. 17, 1670.

[972] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 74^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 74^v.

[973] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 79^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 79

[974] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 51^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 51^v.

[975] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 52.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 52.

[976] Dupl. with 'loud.'
Dupl. with 'loud.'

[977] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 52^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 52^v.

[978] Dupl. with 'sirnam'd.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'sirnam'd.'

[979] Dialogue-wise between Alexander Gill, father, and Alexander Gill, son.
[979] Conversations between Alexander Gill, the father, and Alexander Gill, the son.

[980] Interlinear note:—'The usher.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Interlinear note:—'The guide.'

[981] Interlinear note:—'Rowland.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Interlinear note:—'Rowland.'

[982] Marginal note:—'When he was clark of Wadham College and being by his place to begin a Psalme, he flung out of church, bidding the people sing to the praise and glory of God quicunque vult.'
[982] Marginal note:—'When he was a clerk at Wadham College and was supposed to start a Psalm, he stormed out of the church, telling the people to sing to the praise and glory of God quicunque vult.'

[983] Marginal note:—'he was tossed in a blanket.'
[983] Marginal note:—'he was thrown in a blanket.'

[984] MS. has 'ventest.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. has 'ventest.'

[985] Marginal note:—'A knave's tongue and a whore's tayle who can rule?'
[985] Marginal note:—'Who can control a liar's words and a prostitute's actions?'

[986] Marginal note:—'He did sitt 4 times for his degree.'
[986] Marginal note:—'He sat 4 times for his degree.'

[987] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 9^v.

[988] i.e. Aubrey remembered having seen the sermon in a bookseller's shop; cf. supra, p. 115. The sermon was by Joseph Pleydell.
[988] i.e. Aubrey remembered seeing the sermon in a bookstore; cf. supra, p. 115. The sermon was by Joseph Pleydell.

[989] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 2.

[990] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138^v: Sept. 2, 1671.
[990] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138^v: Sept. 2, 1671.

[991] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 98.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 98.

[992] Aubrey in MS. Tanner 25, fol. 50, says 'Day-Fatality was writt by Mr. ... Gibbons, Blewmantle, but I have added severall notes to it.'
[992] Aubrey in MS. Tanner 25, fol. 50, says 'Day-Fatality was written by Mr. ... Gibbons, Blewmantle, but I have added several notes to it.'

[993] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 21^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 21^v.

[994] MS. has 'praelectoris,' by a slip.
[994] The manuscript has 'praelectoris' due to a mistake.

[995] Subst. for 'stills.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'images.'

[996] Dupl. with 'untimely.'
Dupl. with 'outdated.'

[997] Subst. for 'of a niece of his who maried a tradesman.'
[997] Substitute for 'of his niece who married a shopkeeper.'

[998] Subst. for 'impose.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'impose.'

[999] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 59^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 59^v.

[1000] Note added by Anthony Wood.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Note added by Anthony Wood.

[1001] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.

[1002] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 51: also in MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 102.
[1002] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 51: also in MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 102.

[1003] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 16^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, fol. 16^v.

[1004] Eldest son of the translator.
Oldest son of the translator.

[1005] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 53^v.

[1006] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 97. Aubrey gives in trick the coat:—'ermine, on a chevron gules 5 besants.'
[1006] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 97. Aubrey describes the coat of arms as follows: 'ermine, on a red chevron, five gold coins.'

[1007] 1591/2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1591/2.

[1008] Subst. for 'degrees.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'degree.'

[1009] i.e. became bankrupt.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. went bankrupt.

[1010] Died April 18, buried April 22, 1674.
[1010] Passed away on April 18, buried on April 22, 1674.

[1011] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270: May 26, 1674.
[1011] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270: May 26, 1674.

[1012] Ibid., fol. 270^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ibid., p. 270.

[1013] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 2.

[1014] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, page 7.

[1015] Subst. for 'the judge.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'the judge.'

[1016] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 28.

[1017] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 2.

[1018] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.

[1019] Supra, p. 205.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1020] Aubrey notes of this book 'I have it.'
[1020] Aubrey mentions in this book, "I have it."

[1021] Dupl. with 'seat.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate of 'seat.'

[1022] Dupl. with 'that in libelling characters of the Lords then, his was.'
[1022] Duplicate with 'that in libeling characters of the Lords back then, his was.'

[1023] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 14^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 14^v.

[1024] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 78^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 78^v.

[1025] Dupl. with 'there.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplication with 'there.'

[1026] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 2.

[1027] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 11; and repeated almost verbatim, ibid. fol. 24^v. Aubrey's character Sir Fastidious Overween in his projected comedy The Country Revel was to be copied from this Gwyn.
[1027] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 11; and repeated almost verbatim, ibid. fol. 24^v. Aubrey's character Sir Fastidious Overween in his planned comedy The Country Revel was meant to be inspired by this Gwyn.

[1028] In his projected comedy.
In his upcoming comedy.

[1029] 'Coxcome' on fol. 24^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Coxcomb' on fol. 24^v.

[1030] Aubrey de Vere, succeeded as 20th earl in 1632, died 1702, the last of that house.
[1030] Aubrey de Vere became the 20th earl in 1632 and passed away in 1702, being the last of that family.

[1031] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, p. 7.

[1032] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 3.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 3.

[1033] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 20^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 20^v.

[1034] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 144: Oct. 27, 1671.
[1034] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 144: Oct. 27, 1671.

[1035] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 119^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 119v.

[1036] Space left for his degree: M.A. (Merton, 20 June, 1609).
[1036] Space reserved for his degree: M.A. (Merton, June 20, 1609).

[1037] Substituted for:—
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Replaced with:—

'Hopton, Horner, Knocknaile, and Thynne,
When the abbots went down, that’s when they arrived.

[1038] Scil. of Oxford University by the Parliamentary Commission.
[1038] Science of Oxford University by the Parliamentary Commission.

[1039] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 368: 'St. Anne's day,' July 26, 1682.
[1039] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 368: 'St. Anne's day,' July 26, 1682.

[1040] Dupl. with 'in setting them up to.'
[1040] Duplicate with 'to set them up.'

[1041] Dupl. with 'fell on their knees.'
[1041] Duplicate with 'went down on their knees.'

[1042] Dupl. with 'a mistake.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'an error.'

[1043] Inserted by Anthony Wood.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Added by Anthony Wood.

[1044] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 60.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 60.

[1045] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 28^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, page 28^v.

[1046] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, page 50.

[1047] Aubrey gives in colours the coat: 'sable, a fret and a canton argent'; also Halley's horoscope.
[1047] Aubrey describes the coat in colors: 'black, a cross and a white square'; also Halley's horoscope.

[1048] Halley did not graduate in the ordinary course, but was made M.A. by diploma in 1678.
[1048] Halley didn't graduate like everyone else, but was awarded an M.A. by diploma in 1678.

[1049] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 10.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 10.

[1050] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 39^v.
[1050] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 49, fol. 39^v.

[1051] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 16^v. Hamey was M.D., Leyden; incorporated at Oxford, Feb. 4, 1629/30.
[1051] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 16^v. Hamey was a Doctor of Medicine from Leyden; became a member at Oxford on February 4, 1629/30.

[1052] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 5^v.

[1053] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 10^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 10^v.

[1054] In June, 1679: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 453.
[1054] In June 1679: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 453.

[1055] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 68^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 68

[1056] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 35.

[1057] 'Country,' with Aubrey, = county.
'Country,' with Aubrey, = county.

[1058] Added as a suggestion that Hariot's family may be looked for in those counties.
[1058] Suggested that Hariot's family might be found in those counties.

[1059] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12.

[1060] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 91.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 91.

[1061] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 12.

[1062] Aubrey writes in the margin the reference 'vide pag. 40,' i.e. fol. 9^v, ut infra.
[1062] Aubrey notes in the margin the reference 'see page 40,' which is fol. 9^v, as below.

[1063] Subst. for 'Steward.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Steward.'

[1064] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 24, 25, 33, 53.
[1064] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 24, 25, 33, 53.

[1065] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 35.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 35.

[1066] Perhaps because the letters ended in tridents; see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 498, and the facsimile.
[1066] Maybe it's because the letters had tridents at the end; see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 498, and the facsimile.

[1067] Anthony Wood writes 'R. Hues' in the margin.
[1067] Anthony Wood writes 'R. Hues' in the margin.

[1068] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 91.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 91.

[1069] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138: Sept. 2, 1671.
[1069] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 138: Sept. 2, 1671.

[1070] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 141: Oct. 27, 1671.
[1070] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 141: Oct. 27, 1671.

[1071] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 72.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 72.

[1072] See supra, p. 157.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1073] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 11.

[1074] i.e. Friday, Jan. 3, 1611/2. The date is noted also in MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 103.
[1074] i.e. Friday, January 3, 1611/2. The date is also recorded in MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 103.

[1075] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 98.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 98.

[1076] Written in pencil only, being a later insertion.
[1076] Written in pencil only, as a later addition.

[1077] Jane, daughter of Sir William Samwell of Upton, co. Northts.
[1077] Jane, daughter of Sir William Samwell of Upton, Northants.

[1078] Written in pencil only, being a later addition.
[1078] Written in pencil only, as a later addition.

[1079] Scil. of the Rota club, described infra.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Scil. of the Rota club, described below.

[1080] i.e. at the meetings at Miles's.
[1080] meaning at the meetings at Miles's.

[1081] Subst. for 'night.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'night.'

[1082] Dupl. with 'Mr.'
Dupl. with 'Mr.'

[1083] These two names are struck out, as is Mariet infra.
[1083] These two names are crossed out, just like Mariet infra.

[1084] Struck out.
Struck out.

[1085] Subst. for 'Also, as.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Also, as.'

[1086] i.e. as listeners only. Those above were of Harrington's 'party.' The 'antagonists,' who wished to break up the meetings, follow.
[1086] meaning they were just listeners. The ones mentioned earlier were part of Harrington's group. The "opponents," who wanted to shut down the meetings, come next.

[1087] Dupl. with 'lord.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'lord.'

[1088] Dupl. with 'opponents.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'opponents.'

[1089] 'Officers' dupl. with 'soldiers.' These, like Aubrey, were 'auditors' only.
[1089] 'Officers' duplicate with 'soldiers.' These, like Aubrey, were just 'listeners.'

[1090] Subst. for 'came in drunke.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'came home drunk.'

[1091] Dupl. with 'Howse.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'Howse.'

[1092] Harrington.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Harrington.

[1093] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip at fol. 98^v.
[1093] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip at fol. 98^v.

[1094] Subst. for 'sent.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'sent.'

[1095] Dupl. with 'grew conceited that.'
[1095] Duplication with 'became full of himself that.'

[1096] Subst. for 'a versatile timber house built.'
[1096] Substitute for 'a flexible wooden house constructed.'

[1097] i.e. window frames; French 'châsse.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. window frames; French 'châsse.'

[1098] i.e. the coat given in note 1 from MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29^v.
[1098] that is, the coat mentioned in note 1 from MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 29^v.

[1099] Subst. for 'though neer a.'
[1099] Substitute for 'even though near a.'

[1100] Verso of the slip at fol. 98^v of MS. Aubr. 6.
[1100] Back of the slip at fol. 98^v of MS. Aubr. 6.

[1101] i.e. John Aubrey.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ aka John Aubrey.

[1102] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 3.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 3.

[1103] The passage in square brackets is Harrington's autograph.
[1103] The part in square brackets is Harrington's signature.

[1104] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 308: June 6, 1678.
[1104] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 308: June 6, 1678.

[1105] A slip pasted to a slip inserted at fol. 98^v of MS. Aubr. 6, a direction to Anthony Wood.
[1105] A note attached to a note placed at fol. 98^v of MS. Aubr. 6, giving instructions to Anthony Wood.

[1106] supra, p. 290.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1107] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, p. 121^v.

[1108] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 64.

[1109] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 108^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 108^v.

[1110] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 64.

[1111] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 66^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 66^v.

[1112] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 18.

[1113] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 64.

[1114] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 64^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, fol. 64^v.

[1115] Dupl. with 'a kind of Convocation-house.'
[1115] Duplicate with 'a sort of gathering place.'

[1116] Subst. for 'the king.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'the king.'

[1117] Anthony Wood writes 'Adrian Scrope' in the margin, to mark this place for use in his Athenae.
[1117] Anthony Wood notes 'Adrian Scrope' in the margin to highlight this spot for reference in his Athenae.

[1118] Rectius June: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 128.
[1118] Rectius June: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 128.

[1119] Subst. for 'great.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Synonym for 'great.'

[1120] Subst. for 'St. Dunstan's church in the....'
[1120] Substitute for 'St. Dunstan's church in the....'

[1121] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 65.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 65.

[1122] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 65^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 65^v.

[1123] The records of the Steward's court of the University of Oxford show several cases of homicide, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, from the hasty drawing of daggers worn as part of the ordinary dress. See also supra, p. 150.
[1123] The records of the Steward's court at the University of Oxford show multiple cases of murder in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, resulting from the quick drawing of daggers worn as part of regular clothing. See also supra, p. 150.

[1124] Dupl. with 'complexion like wainscott.'
Duplicate with 'skin like wainscot.'

[1125] Dupl with 'our.'
Dupl with 'our.'

[1126] Dupl. with 'see.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'see.'

[1127] Subst. for 'to know him.'
Substitute for 'getting to know him.'

[1128] Subst. for 'would.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'would.'

[1129] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 66.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 66.

[1130] Subst. for 'William.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'William.'

[1131] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 66^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 66

[1132] Dupl with 'this towne.'
Dupl with 'this town.'

[1133] i.e. prescriptions.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. prescriptions.

[1134] i.e. Shaftesbury; Lord High Chancellor, 1672.
[1134] i.e. Shaftesbury; Lord High Chancellor, 1672.

[1135] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 21, p. 12.

[1136] Dupl. with 'despicable.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'despicable.'

[1137] i.e. of those who have married for policy.
[1137] meaning those who have married for strategic reasons.

[1138] i.e. in inducing gentlemen to marry into noble families in order to impale a distinguished coat.
[1138] that is, encouraging gentlemen to marry into noble families to combine a prestigious family crest.

[1139] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 15. The sowgelder, in Aubrey's comedy, is dissuading Sir John Fitz-ale from marrying a widow.
[1139] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 15. The sowgelder in Aubrey's comedy is trying to convince Sir John Fitz-ale not to marry a widow.

[1140] Dupl. with 'proud.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'proud.'

[1141] Dupl. with 'retarders.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'retarders.'

[1142] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 9.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 9.

[1143] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 7, p. 15

[1144] Subst. for 'transmographie.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'transmographie.'

[1145] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 21.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, pg. 21.

[1146] MS. Aubr. 6, a jotting on a slip at fol. 86, explained by the next paragraph, which is found on the back of the slip.
[1146] MS. Aubr. 6, a note written on a piece of paper at fol. 86, clarified by the following paragraph, which is located on the back of the paper.

[1147] 'Mr. Elize Hele': see the details of the endowment in Lysons' Britannia (Devonshire), pp. 405, 609.
[1147] 'Mr. Elize Hele': check the specifics of the endowment in Lysons' Britannia (Devonshire), pp. 405, 609.

[1148] John Maynard (1602-1690): Serjeant at Law 1654.
[1148] John Maynard (1602-1690): Lawyer since 1654.

[1149] 'did ordered' in MS., by a slip for 'did order it.'
[1149] 'did ordered' in the manuscript, mistakenly for 'did order it.'

[1150] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 96^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 96^v.

[1151] i.e. took to his bed. The astrologer then took his 'decumbiture,' i.e. position of the stars at the time of his being laid up.
[1151] meaning he went to bed. The astrologer then recorded his 'decumbiture,' which refers to the position of the stars at the time he was confined to bed.

[1152] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 28.

[1153] i.e., I suppose, in Aubrey's pocket Almanac for 1672: see pp. 39, 51.
[1153] meaning, I guess, in Aubrey's pocket Almanac for 1672: see pp. 39, 51.

[1154] 'lib. B' is a lost volume of Aubrey's own antiquarian notes.
[1154] 'lib. B' is a missing book of Aubrey's personal collection of old notes.

[1155] See, for the explanation of this jotting, in George Herbert's life, infra, p. 310.
[1155] Check out the explanation for this note in George Herbert's life, infra, p. 310.

[1156] The blank is perhaps for 'wife of Sir John Danvers.'
[1156] The blank might be meant for 'wife of Sir John Danvers.'

[1157] MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 95.
[1157] MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at page 95.

[1158] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 95.

[1159] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95^v.

[1160] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 96.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 96.

[1161] Subst. for 'the parsonage of Bemmarton.'
[1161] Substitute for 'the parsonage of Bemmarton.'

[1162] i.e. step-mother.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. stepmom.

[1163] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, fol. 5^v.

[1164] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, pg. 18.

[1165] Some portions of the text, three lines in all, are suppressed here.
[1165] Some parts of the text, totaling three lines, are omitted here.

[1166] Subst. for 'elaborator.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'elaborator.'

[1167] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 81^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 81^v.

[1168] Subst. for 'but he.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'but he.'

[1169] Anthony Wood corrects this to 'Juliana,' i.e. Berners.
[1169] Anthony Wood updates this to 'Juliana,' meaning Berners.

[1170] Some expressions in the text, two lines in all, are suppressed here.
[1170] A couple of phrases from the text, just two lines altogether, have been left out here.

[1171] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip at fol. 81.
[1171] MS. Aubr. 6, a note on page 81.

[1172] Subst. for 'kill'st.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'kill'st.'

[1173] Dupl. with 'his.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'his.'

[1174] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 95.

[1175] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 95^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, p. 95.

[1176] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 80.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 80.

[1177] 'one time' followed, scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'one time' was crossed out.

[1178] Dupl. with 'runne.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'run.'

[1179] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 80^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 80^v.

[1180] Dupl. with 'face.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'face.'

[1181] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 81.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, p. 81.

[1182] MS. Aubr. 6, a note on fol. 80^v.
[1182] MS. Aubr. 6, a note on fol. 80^v.

[1183] MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 106^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, fol. 106^v.

[1184] 23 March.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ March 23.

[1185] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 55^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 55^v.

[1186] MS. Aubr. 6, a slip at fol. 81.
[1186] MS. Aubr. 6, a note on page 81.

[1187] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 4^v.

[1188] i.e. Ashmole.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Ashmole.

[1189] Anthony Wood notes here:—'Sir William Backhouse, quaere.'
[1189] Anthony Wood mentions here:—'Sir William Backhouse, question.'

[1190] i.e. among N. Culpepper's papers.
[1190] i.e. in the papers of N. Culpepper.

[1191] i.e. cited in the MS. he was exploiting.
[1191] i.e. mentioned in the manuscript he was using.

[1192] Aubrey in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 160^v: 16 Jan. 1671/2.
[1192] Aubrey in Wood MS. F. 39, fol. 160^v: 16 Jan. 1671/2.

[1193] Inserted by Anthony Wood.
Inserted by Anthony Wood.

[1194] Wrongly changed by Wood to 1663.
[1194] Incorrectly altered by Wood to 1663.

[1195] Ibid., fol. 156: 30 Dec. 1671.
[1195] Same source, page 156: December 30, 1671.

[1196] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 38^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 38^v.

[1197] The words follow, scored out, 'but no writer that ever I heard of, or if he was,' [his writings].
[1197] The words continue, crossed out, 'but no writer that I’ve ever heard of, or if he was,' [his writings].

[1198] Subst. for 'or remembered him.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'or brought him back.'

[1199] The statement in square brackets is scored out, and the comment added 'negat.' Aubrey had enquired of Philips.
[1199] The statement in square brackets is crossed out, and the comment added is 'negat.' Aubrey had asked Philips.

[1200] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 389: 15 July 1689.
[1200] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 389: July 15, 1689.

[1201] Wood notes 'false.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Wood says 'false.'

[1202] Ibid., fol. 389^v.
Ibid., p. 389^v.

[1203] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 389.
[1203] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 389.

[1204] Ibid., fol. 354: 21 June 1681.
[1204] Same source, page 354: June 21, 1681.

[1205] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 30.

[1206] This title is subst. for 'Supplementum vitae Thomae Hobbes, Malmsburiensis': see p. 17.
[1206] This title stands for 'Supplementum vitae Thomae Hobbes, Malmsburiensis': see p. 17.

[1207] There are two other drafts of the opening sentence:—'The ancients, when they writt the lives'; 'It was usuall with the writers of the lives of the ancient philosophers, in the'.
[1207] There are two other drafts of the opening sentence:—'The ancient writers, when they wrote the lives'; 'It was common for the writers of the lives of the ancient philosophers, in the'.

[1208] Dupl. with 'stock.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'stock.'

[1209] Dupl. with 'rich' or 'illustrious.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'rich' or 'celebrity.'

[1210] Dupl. with 'derived.'
Dupl. with 'derived.'

[1211] Dupl. with 'though of no illustrious family.'
[1211] Duplicate with 'although from an unremarkable family.'

[1212] Dupl. with 'extraction.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'extraction.'

[1213] Dupl. with 'great parts.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'great parts.'

[1214] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.

[1215] i.e. for the etymology; infra, p. 324.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ meaning for the origin; below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1216] Aubrey's MS. is only a rough draft for Anthony Wood's perusal. Hence these queries.
[1216] Aubrey's manuscript is just a rough draft for Anthony Wood to review. That's why there are these questions.

[1217] For the pedigree supplied by William Aubrey, see infra, p. 388.
[1217] For the family tree provided by William Aubrey, see below, p. 388.

[1218] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 30.

[1219] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.

[1220] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.

[1221] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 29^v.

[1222] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 30.

[1223] Dupl. with 'vicar.' Anthony Wood wrote in the margin 'vicar of Malmsbury,' but scored it out, as in error.
[1223] Duplicate with 'vicar.' Anthony Wood noted in the margin 'vicar of Malmsbury,' but crossed it out as it was incorrect.

[1224] Wood wished to add 'or Sir Rogers.'
[1224] Wood wanted to add 'or Sir Rogers.'

[1225] Dupl. with 'did.'
Dupl. with 'did.'

[1226] Dupl. with 'valued not.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'not valued.'

[1227] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 29^v.

[1228] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 30.

[1229] i.e. Thomas, the father.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Thomas, the dad.

[1230] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 31.

[1231] Dupl. with 'pasture.' In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey calls it 'a good moweing ground, called Gaston, not far from the house he was borne in.'
[1231] Duplicate with 'pasture.' In MS. Aubr. 3, page 28, Aubrey describes it as 'a good mowing area, called Gaston, not far from the house he was born in.'

[1232] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 30^v.

[1233] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 31.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 31.

[1234] Dupl. with 'with,' i.e. with his uncle, as well as to his trade.
[1234] Duplication with 'with,' meaning with his uncle, as well as referring to his profession.

[1235] Dupl. with 'about.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'about.'

[1236] Dupl. with 'face.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'face.'

[1237] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey says, 'He had an elder brother, named Edmund Hobbes, more then once alderman of Malmesbury': but this is probably an error, from confusing him with the uncle.
[1237] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey says, 'He had an older brother, named Edmund Hobbes, who was alderman of Malmesbury more than once': but this is likely a mistake, confusing him with the uncle.

[1238] Dupl. with 'parts.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'parts.'

[1239] i.e. William Aubrey.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Will Aubrey.

[1240] Dupl. with 'boy'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'boy'

[1241] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 32.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 32.

[1242] Dupl. with 'pourtraying.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'portraying.'

[1243] Other drawings of Malmsbury by Aubrey are in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 35 and 39.
[1243] Other drawings of Malmsbury by Aubrey are in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 35 and 39.

[1244] On this Anthony Wood comments:—'I think 'tis fit it should be drawne and represented, for the abbey sake. 'Tis cheap to have cut in box.'
[1244] Anthony Wood remarks:—'I believe it should be illustrated and showcased, for the sake of the abbey. It's inexpensive to have carved in boxwood.'

[1245] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 32.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 32.

[1246] scil. of the 'neck of land.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ meaning 'land bridge.'

[1247] Dupl. with 'melted.'
Dupl. with 'melted.'

[1248] Dupl. with 'adorned.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'adorned.'

[1249] Dupl. with 'and.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'and.'

[1250] Anthony Wood notes here 'as it was concerning Homer.'
[1250] Anthony Wood mentions here 'as it was about Homer.'

[1251] Dupl. with 'as I say.'
Duplicate with 'as I said.'

[1252] Dupl. with 'enjoyed.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'enjoyed.'

[1253] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 33.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 33.

[1254] Dupl. with 'with.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate. with 'with.'

[1255] See infra, p. 388.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1256] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 32^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 32

[1257] Quoted from Hobbes' metrical life of himself.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Quoted from Hobbes' verse memoir.

[1258] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 33.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 33.

[1259] Dupl. with 'proves.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'proves.'

[1260] Aubrey notes opposite this sentence:—'This is good.'
[1260] Aubrey writes next to this sentence:—'This is good.'

[1261] Dupl. with 'and then.' Subst. for 'at eight yeares of age he could.'
[1261] Duplicate with 'and then.' Substitute for 'at eight years old, he could.'

[1262] Written at first 'Three Tunnes (quaere William Aubrey)': and then changed when W. A. answered the query.
[1262] Initially written as 'Three Tunnes (ask William Aubrey)'; then revised after W. A. responded to the question.

[1263] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 34.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 34.

[1264] Dupl. with '25 +.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dupl. with '25 or more.'

[1265] Dupl. with 'the oven' 'had devoured them.'
[1265] Duplicate with 'the oven' 'had consumed them.'

[1266] Dupl. with 'the boyes.'
Dupl. with 'the boys.'

[1267] Dupl. with 'strings.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'strings.'

[1268] Dupl. with 'draw through.'
Dupl. with 'draw through.'

[1269] Anthony Wood corrects to 'the stationers' shops.'
[1269] Anthony Wood updates it to 'the stationers' shops.'

[1270] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 35.

[1271] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 34^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 34^v.

[1272] This paragraph is an insertion by Anthony Wood in answer to Aubrey's query.
[1272] This paragraph is added by Anthony Wood in response to Aubrey's question.

[1273] His name is not entered in the University matriculation-register.
[1273] His name is not listed in the University enrollment records.

[1274] Part of the formula of admission: Clark's Reg. Univ. Oxon. II. i. 48.
[1274] Part of the admission formula: Clark's Reg. Univ. Oxon. II. i. 48.

[1275] 1607/8; ibid. II. iii. 278.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1607/8; ibid. II. iii. 278.

[1276] ibid. II. i. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ same source II. i. 50.

[1277] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35.

[1278] Subst. for 'Mr. John Wilkinson.'
Substitute for 'Mr. John Wilkinson.'

[1279] Dupl. with 'did believe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate of 'did believe.'

[1280] Dupl. with 'then.'
Dupl. with 'then.'

[1281] Dupl. with 'was.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate of 'was.'

[1282] Dupl. with 'notions.'
Dupl. with 'notions.'

[1283] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 36.

[1284] The chronology is here difficult. William Cavendish, second earl of Devonshire, died 20 June, 1628; and it is he whom Hobbes regarded as his 'first' lord (see his inscription, infra, p. 386), not his father William, first earl, who died 3 March, 1625/6. Bacon died 9 Apr. 1626.
[1284] The timeline here is confusing. William Cavendish, the second earl of Devonshire, passed away on June 20, 1628; and he is the one Hobbes considered his 'first' lord (see his inscription, infra, p. 386), not his father William, the first earl, who died on March 3, 1625/6. Bacon died on April 9, 1626.

[1285] Subst. for 'time.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'time.'

[1286] In the first attempt at this paragraph Aubrey wrote, 'T. H. came into his native country. I was then a little youth and went to schoole to Mr. Robert Latimer at Leigh-de-la-mere in the church about a mile from my father's house (Easton Pierse).'
[1286] In the first attempt at this paragraph Aubrey wrote, 'T. H. came back to his home country. I was just a young kid and attended school with Mr. Robert Latimer at Leigh-de-la-mere in the church that was about a mile from my dad's house (Easton Pierse).'

[1287] In a second attempt it stood '... at Leigh-de-la-mere. I was then a little youth newly entred into my grammar by him, and we went to schoole in the church.'
[1287] In a second try, it was '... at Leigh-de-la-mere. I was then a young boy just starting my studies with him, and we went to school in the church.'

[1288] Dupl. with 'came to.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'came to.'

[1289] Dupl. with 'friends.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'friends.'

[1290] Dupl. with 'equipage.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'equipage.'

[1291] Here followed 'and moist-curled,' dupl. with 'and with moist curles'; but both struck out.
[1291] Here came 'and damp-curled,' dupl. with 'and with damp curls'; but both were crossed out.

[1292] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 35^v.

[1293] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 36.

[1294] Anthony Wood writes here 'do not you mean 40?' Aubrey had written '4' by a pen-slip; afterwards he corrected it.
[1294] Anthony Wood asks, "Don't you mean 40?" Aubrey had initially written "4" due to a slip of the pen; he later corrected it.

[1295] 'Element' used for 'proposition.'
'Element' used for 'proposition.'

[1296] Subst. for 'He would now and then use an emphaticall oath.'
[1296] Substitute for 'He would occasionally use a strong oath.'

[1297] Dupl. with 'curious witt.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'curious wit.'

[1298] 'Began it early' is written over, in explanation.
[1298] 'Started it early' is written over, in explanation.

[1299] Dupl. with 'to the witts.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'to the wits.'

[1300] Dupl. with 'then doe well.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'then succeed.'

[1301] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 37.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 37.

[1302] 'In his bed' followed, scored out.
[1302] 'In his bed' came next, crossed out.

[1303] Dupl. with 'as.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'as.'

[1304] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 36^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 36^v.

[1305] Dupl. with 'study.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'study.'

[1306] Dupl. with 'knowledge.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'knowledge.'

[1307] Dupl. with 'rubiginous.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'rubiginous.'

[1308] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 37.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 37.

[1309] Subst. for 'discussed.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'talked about.'

[1310] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 38.

[1311] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 37.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 37.

[1312] Anthony Wood notes 'Roger Manneringe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Anthony Wood mentions 'Roger Mannering.'

[1313] Dupl. with 'went.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'went.'

[1314] 'Mostly' followed: scored out.
'Mostly' followed: crossed out.

[1315] Anthony Wood notes 'Robert Sibthorpe, vicar of Brackley.'
[1315] Anthony Wood mentions 'Robert Sibthorpe, the vicar of Brackley.'

[1316] Dupl. with 'became.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'became.'

[1317] 'At Paris' followed: scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'In Paris' marked out.

[1318] Dupl. with 'cane.'
Dupl. with 'cane.'

[1319] Dupl. with 'notion.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'idea.'

[1320] Dupl. with 'or els he should.'
[1320] Duplicate with 'or else he should.'

[1321] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 38.

[1322] Subst. for 'of Euclid and Vitellio.'
[1322] Substitute for 'of Euclid and Vitellio.'

[1323] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 39.

[1324] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 37^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 37

[1325] i.e. fol. 50^v of the MS., where is a note by Anthony Wood, as given infra, p. 367.
[1325] i.e. fol. 50^v of the MS., where there's a note by Anthony Wood, as given infra, p. 367.

[1326] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 39.

[1327] Subst. for 'which came out anno ...' Anthony Wood notes, 'Vide catalogue of books in Hist. Oxon., and vide transcript thence.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.
[1327] Substitute for 'which was published in the year ...' Anthony Wood mentions, 'See the list of books in Hist. Oxon., and see the transcript from there.'—MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 38^v.

[1328] 'his Dialogi' followed: scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'his Dialogi' was crossed out.

[1329] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 40.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 40.

[1330] 'a yeare +' followed: scored out.
[1330] 'a year +' followed: crossed out.

[1331] Dupl. with 'an ill.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'an ill.'

[1332] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey says that Thomas Hobbes gave it to 'his elder brother, named Edmund Hobbes.'
[1332] In MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28, Aubrey states that Thomas Hobbes gave it to 'his older brother, Edmund Hobbes.'

[1333] Dupl. with 'in Derbyshire.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'in Derbyshire.'

[1334] Dupl. with 'good.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'good.'

[1335] Dupl. with 'want.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'want.'

[1336] Subst. for 'thought.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'thought.'

[1337] Aubrey notes opposite this: 'better this expression.'
[1337] Aubrey comments on this: 'better this expression.'

[1338] Dupl. with 'designe.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'designe.'

[1339] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42. On fol. 41^v Aubrey makes this apology for its coming there out of due order of time:—'Give notice how things are to be right placed, for all things comes not into my memory chronologically and this seemes almost necessary to be forced.'
[1339] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42. On fol. 41^v, Aubrey offers this apology for it being out of chronological order:—'Please note how things should be properly arranged, as I don't remember everything in the correct order, and this seems almost necessary to be adjusted.'

[1340] Dupl. with 'way.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'way.'

[1341] Subst. for 'researching and contemplating one thing, then of another; but he had a method for it.'
[1341] Substitute for 'looking into and thinking about one thing, then another; but he had a way to do it.'

[1342] Dupl. with 'proviso' or 'observation.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'note' or 'condition.'

[1343] Infra, p. 382.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1344] Dupl. with 'such a poeme.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'like this poem.'

[1345] Sir John Vaughan, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1668-1674.
[1345] Sir John Vaughan, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1668-1674.

[1346] Dupl. with 'great.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'great.'

[1347] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7—'quaere bishop Sarum when he was motioned to be burnt.' Ibid., fol. 7^v, 'Quaere bp. Sarum who and when (annum) the motion in parliament was to have Mr. Hobbes burnt.'
[1347] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7—'ask about bishop Sarum when he was suggested to be burned.' Ibid., fol. 7^v, 'Ask about bp. Sarum who and when (year) the proposal in parliament was to burn Mr. Hobbes.'

[1348] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 40.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 40.

[1349] Subst. for '1660. The winter before (of 1659) he spent his time in Derbyshire.'
[1349] Subst. for '1660. The winter before (of 1659) he spent his time in Derbyshire.'

[1350] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 39^v.

[1351] Dupl. with 'good newes.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'good news.'

[1352] Dupl. with 'hearing.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'hearing.'

[1353] Dupl. with 'opportunity.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'opportunity.'

[1354] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 41.

[1355] Aubrey writes opposite on fol. 40^v:—'embouche, such word in English?'
[1355] Aubrey writes on page 40^v:—'embouche, is that a word in English?'

[1356] MS. has 'and,' by a slip for 'at.'
[1356] The manuscript has 'and,' mistakenly used instead of 'at.'

[1357] Dupl. with 'enterteyned.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'entertained.'

[1358] Dupl. with 'facetiae.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'facetiae.'

[1359] Dupl. with 'the witts.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'the wits.'

[1360] Aubrey wishes to limit the readiness in reply to cases of light badinage: in serious subjects Hobbes was slow and deliberate.
[1360] Aubrey wants to be careful about how quickly he responds to playful teasing: when it comes to serious topics, Hobbes was thoughtful and measured.

[1361] Dupl. with 'good.'
Dupl. with 'good.'

[1362] Dupl. with 'a present answer.'
Duplicate with 'a quick response.'

[1363] Dupl. with 'mathematicall.'
Dupl. with 'mathematically.'

[1364] i.e. see further about this on fol. 45^v of the MS., the note found infra, p. 356.
[1364] i.e. see more about this on fol. 45^v of the MS., the note found infra, p. 356.

[1365] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42.

[1366] Subst. for 'he last left London, he was often in London at his lord's.'
[1366] Subst. for 'the last time he left London, he was frequently in London at his lord's.'

[1367] Dupl. with 'penned': see infra, p. 351.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'written': see below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1368] The two sentences in square brackets are added by Anthony Wood.
[1368] The two sentences in brackets were added by Anthony Wood.

[1369] Infra, p. 346.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1370] Subst. for 'about.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'about.'

[1371] Dupl. with 'inventive.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'inventive.'

[1372] Subst. for 'that 'twas a long, taedious, and difficult taske.'
[1372] Substitute for 'that it was a long, tedious, and difficult task.'

[1373] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 43.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 43.

[1374] Dupl. with 'attempt.'
Dupl. with 'try.'

[1375] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 42

[1376] Dupl. with 'I. A.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'I. A.'

[1377] Subst. for 'sayes.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Replacement for 'sayes.'

[1378] Dupl. with 'together.'
Dupl. with 'together.'

[1379] A London bookseller, who had offered to publish an authorized copy.
[1379] A London bookseller who had offered to publish an official copy.

[1380] Subst. for 'knowledge.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'knowledge.'

[1381] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 43.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 43.

[1382] Dupl. with 'since.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'since.'

[1383] Dupl. with 'found': and subst. for 'erect.'
[1383] Duplicate with 'found': and substitute for 'erect.'

[1384] Subst. for 'Upon.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Upon.'

[1385] Dupl. with 'power' or 'possession.'
Duplication with 'power' or 'ownership.'

[1386] Dupl. with 'hoped.'
Dupl. with 'hoped.'

[1387] Dupl. with 'but queen Katharine.'
Duplicate with 'but Queen Katherine.'

[1388] Dupl. with 'hating him.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate of 'hating him.'

[1389] Dupl. with 'prevented.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'prevented.'

[1390] '1674' is struck out and 1669/1670 substituted for it—this latter being the date of Wood's altercations with Dr. Fell. 1674 was the date of publication: see infra.
[1390] '1674' is crossed out and replaced with 1669/1670—this being the year of Wood's disputes with Dr. Fell. 1674 was the publication date: see below.

[1391] Anthony Wood struck out the passage enclosed in square brackets, and sent Aubrey a more elaborate account (now fol. 48, 48^v of MS. Aubr. 9) to take its place. This is printed in Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 291, 292; and is perhaps the paper which Wood blames Aubrey for having kept, ibid. ii. 475, 476.
[1391] Anthony Wood deleted the text in square brackets and sent Aubrey a more detailed version (now fol. 48, 48^v of MS. Aubr. 9) to replace it. This is published in Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 291, 292; and it might be the document that Wood accuses Aubrey of having withheld, ibid. ii. 475, 476.

[1392] Aubrey added, in the margin, the correction 'A. W. sayes but ten.'
[1392] Aubrey added in the margin, the correction 'A. W. says only ten.'

[1393] Dupl. with 'the absolute.'
Dupl. with 'the absolute.'

[1394] Wood adds 'and after.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Wood adds 'and after.'

[1395] Dupl. with 'his great griefe, expunged and inserted what he thought fitt.'
[1395] Duplicate with 'his deep sorrow, removed and added what he thought was appropriate.'

[1396] Corrected by Wood to '376, 377.' The mistake is made in Hobbes's printed epistle, and Aubrey copied it thence.
[1396] Corrected by Wood to '376, 377.' The error originates in Hobbes's printed letter, and Aubrey copied it from there.

[1397] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 45.

[1398] Corrected by Wood to 'without the advice and quite contrary to the mind of the author.'
[1398] Corrected by Wood to 'without the author's advice and completely against their intentions.'

[1399] Corrected by Wood to 'know what he had done.'
[1399] Corrected by Wood to 'know what he had done.'

[1400] Note on fol. 43^v of MS. Aubr. 9. 'Page 15' in Aubrey's numbering is now fol. 45 of the MS.
[1400] Note on fol. 43^v of MS. Aubr. 9. 'Page 15' in Aubrey's numbering is now fol. 45 of the MS.

[1401] Wood adds 'in the beginning of 1674.'
[1401] Wood notes 'at the start of 1674.'

[1402] i.e. John Aubrey.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. John Aubrey.

[1403] Wood adds 'and to let him see that he would do nothing underhand against him.'
[1403] Wood adds 'and to show him that he wouldn't do anything shady against him.'

[1404] Wood adds 'that he had sent to Mr. Wood.' See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 288.
[1404] Wood says 'that he had sent to Mr. Wood.' See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 288.

[1405] Wood adds 'at it as a most famous libell.'
[1405] Wood describes it as a very well-known libel.

[1406] Corrected by Wood to 'and, soon after, meeting with the author.'
[1406] Changed by Wood to 'and, soon after, running into the author.'

[1407] Wood adds 'and that he would have the printer called to account for printing such a notorious libell.'
[1407] Wood adds 'and that he would have the printer responsible for printing such a well-known libel.'

[1408] The advance-copies of Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon. were issued July 17, 1674 (Wood's Life and Times, ii. 289); the ordinary issue took place on July 27 (ibid., 290), being perhaps delayed for the insertion of the rejoinder to Hobbes; Hobbes's epistle had been circulated on July 11 (ibid., p. 288).
[1408] The advance copies of Wood's Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon. were released on July 17, 1674 (Wood's Life and Times, ii. 289); the regular release happened on July 27 (ibid., 290), probably delayed to include the response to Hobbes; Hobbes's letter had been distributed on July 11 (ibid., p. 288).

[1409] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 46.

[1410] Aubrey inserts a copy as fol. 44 of MS. Aubr. 9.
[1410] Aubrey includes a copy as fol. 44 of MS. Aubr. 9.

[1411] See it in Wood's Hist. et Antiq. at the end.
[1411] Check it out in Wood's Hist. et Antiq. at the end.

[1412] Dupl. with 'scurrilous.'
Dupl. with 'scandalous.'

[1413] Subst. for 'never replied.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitutes for 'never replied.'

[1414] Dupl. with 'neglected.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate. with 'neglected.'

[1415] See infra, p. 363.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1416] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.

[1417] Aubrey proposed bringing this in after the Catalogue of his writings: but it is better here.
[1417] Aubrey suggested including this after the list of his works: but it fits better here.

[1418] See the answers to these enquiries in the letters appended to this life.
[1418] Check out the responses to these questions in the letters attached to this biography.

[1419] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 22^v.

[1420] As in the letter infra, p. 382.
[1420] As mentioned in the letter below, p. 382.

[1421] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 53.

[1422] i.e. the metrical autobiography, infra, p. 363.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ meaning the poetic autobiography, infra, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1423] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 7.

[1424] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 27^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 27^v.

[1425] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 3, p. 28.

[1426] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 46.

[1427] Dupl. with 'suavitas.'
Dupl. with 'smoothness.'

[1428] Dupl. with 'recalvus.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'recalvus.'

[1429] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.

[1430] Dupl. with 'he.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'he.'

[1431] Subst. for 'nature.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'nature.'

[1432] This quotation is subst. for 'He would say that cheerfulnes of countenance was a signe of God's grace.'
[1432] This quote supports the idea that 'a cheerful expression is a sign of God's grace.'

[1433] Dupl. with 'depended not on.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'didn't depend on.'

[1434] Dupl. with 'esteemed' or 'measured.'
Duplicate with 'esteemed' or 'rated.'

[1435] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 46.

[1436] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.

[1437] Dupl. with 'earnest.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'earnest.'

[1438] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 46.

[1439] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.

[1440] Dupl. with 'he was never out.'
[1440] Duplicate with 'he was never absent.'

[1441] i.e. fol. 54, as given here. Opposite it, on fol. 53^v, is the direction 'Let this be brought in to it's proper place: referre this to p. 17' (i.e. fol. 47).
[1441] i.e. fol. 54, as mentioned here. Across from it, on fol. 53^v, is the note 'Bring this to its proper place: refer to p. 17' (i.e. fol. 47).

[1442] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 54.

[1443] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 47.

[1444] Subst. for 'but 'twas but little in respect of his contemplation (thinking).'
[1444] Substitute for 'but it was only a small amount in terms of his contemplation (thinking).'

[1445] Subst. for 'he should have continued still as ignorant as other men.'
[1445] Substitute for 'he should have remained just as unaware as everyone else.'

[1446] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 46

[1447] MS. Aubr. 9, fol 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol 45^v.

[1448] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 46^v.

[1449] As an alternative Aubrey suggests:—'As he had an harmonicall soule, so consequently he was no woman-hater (misogynist).' But he adds the criticism that this sentence is 'perhaps too affected.'
[1449] As an alternative, Aubrey suggests:—'Since he had a harmonious soul, he was not a woman-hater (misogynist).' However, he also notes that this statement is 'possibly too pretentious.'

[1450] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 47.

[1451] Subst. for 'that he haz been drunke in his life.'
[1451] Substitute for 'that he has been drunk in his life.'

[1452] Dupl. with 'long.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dupl. with 'long.'

[1453] Subst. for 'did eate.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'ate.'

[1454] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 45

[1455] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 47.

[1456] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46

[1457] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 47.

[1458] Dupl. with 'buskins.'
Dupl. with 'buskins.'

[1459] Dupl. with 'but to cleare his pipes.'
[1459] Duplicate with 'but to clear his pipes.'

[1460] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, pg. 50.

[1461] Subst. for 'letters he hath honoured me withall.'
[1461] Substitute for 'the letters he has honored me with.'

[1462] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 46

[1463] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 50.

[1464] Dupl. with 'charity.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'charity.'

[1465] Dupl. with 'begged.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'begged.'

[1466] Subst. for 'sayd one that stood by.'
[1466] Substitute for 'said one who was nearby.'

[1467] Dupl. with 'apprehend.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'apprehend.'

[1468] 'by rogues' followed, scored out.
[1468] 'by con artists' followed, crossed out.

[1469] Dupl. with 'had about him.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'had around him.'

[1470] Louis XIV.
Louis XIV.

[1471] Anthony Wood notes, on fol. 47^v, 'he used to take the sacrament, and acknowledge a supreeme being.'
[1471] Anthony Wood notes, on fol. 47^v, 'he used to take communion and recognize a supreme being.'

[1472] Here Aubrey intended (see infra) to cite evidence as to Hobbes's religious opinions.
[1472] Here Aubrey meant to refer (see infra) to evidence regarding Hobbes's religious beliefs.

[1473] Dupl. with 'give it the lye.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'call it out.'

[1474] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.

[1475] i.e. it was to Aubrey himself that Hobbes expressed this opinion.
[1475] that is, it was Aubrey himself to whom Hobbes shared this view.

[1476] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.

[1477] Dupl. with 'Though he went from Malmesbury.'
[1477] Duplicate with 'Even though he left Malmesbury.'

[1478] Puisne Judge of the King's Bench, 1641-45 and 1660-63.
[1478] Associate Justice of the King's Bench, 1641-45 and 1660-63.

[1479] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

[1480] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 28.

[1481] By Samuel Cowper, supra, p. 338.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ By Samuel Cowper, above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1482] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 54.

[1483] Dr. Philip Bliss has written a note here, '1663: see loose paper—Aubrey's inscription,' referring to MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v, as given below.
[1483] Dr. Philip Bliss has made a note here, '1663: see loose paper—Aubrey's inscription,' referencing MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v, as shown below.

[1484] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7^v.

[1485] i.e. either to attach this inscription to the picture, or to hang the picture by.
[1485] that is, either to stick this label to the image, or to hang the image with.

[1486] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 49.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 49.

[1487] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.

[1488] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

[1489] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28. Aubrey gives the coat in trick.
[1489] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28. Aubrey shows the coat in detail.

[1490] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.

[1491] Dupl. with 'might.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'might.'

[1492] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29. In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, Aubrey cites the same passages from Brome and Jonson, and also:—
[1492] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 29. In MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 1^v, Aubrey mentions the same quotes from Brome and Jonson, and also:—

'J. Gadbury: "the heavens are the best heraulds."'
'J. Gadbury: "the skies are the best announcers."'

[1493] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 46.

[1494] Dupl. with 'goes.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'goes.'

[1495] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 55.

[1496] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 50.

[1497] Anthony Wood has a note (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v) about these:—'If you think that those sayings are true, pray publish them: for they being printed in one sheet, will be quickly lost.'
[1497] Anthony Wood has a note (MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v) about these:—'If you believe those sayings are true, please print them: because if they’re printed on one sheet, they'll be forgotten quickly.'

[1498] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 45^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 45.

[1499] Dupl. with 'love.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'love.'

[1500] i.e. fol. 41 of MS. Aubr. 9; supra, p. 340.
[1500] i.e. fol. 41 of MS. Aubr. 9; supra, p. 340.

[1501] MS. Aubr. 9, a slip at fol. 3.
[1501] MS. Aubr. 9, a note on page 3.

[1502] Dupl. with 'sport.'
Dupl. with 'sport.'

[1503] i.e. elsewhere in this life.
[1503] meaning in other parts of this life.

[1504] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 7.

[1505] St. Matt. vii. 1.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Matthew 7:1.

[1506] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 47

[1507] The golden calf: Exod. xxxii. 26-28.
The golden calf: Exodus 32:26-28.

[1508] MS. Aubr. 9, a slip pasted to fol. 5.
[1508] MS. Aubr. 9, a slip attached to fol. 5.

[1509] Dupl. with 'an old tender,' i.e. attendant.
[1509] Duplicate with 'an old tender,' meaning attendant.

[1510] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.

[1511] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v, in the handwriting of James Wheldon.
[1511] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v, in the handwriting of James Wheldon.

[1512] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.

[1513] Possibly a paper by Anthony Wood containing an account of Hobbes, in preparation for the Athenae: cp. Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 480.
[1513] Maybe a paper by Anthony Wood that has a summary of Hobbes, being prepared for the Athenae: see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 480.

[1514] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 55.

[1515] Wood changes this to 'A. à:' see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 22.
[1515] Wood changes this to 'A. à:' see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 22.

[1516] Corrected to '1674': with a marginal note:—[1769] 'I believe a mistake for 1674.' For this letter, see Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 288.
[1516] Updated to '1674': with a marginal note:—[1769] 'I think this is a mistake for 1674.' For this letter, refer to Clark's Wood's Life and Times, ii. 288.

[1517] Anthony Wood notes in margin: 'This is in Wood's Catalogue': i.e. Wood, l. c., mentions the 1666 (second) edition of the piece (in Latin only).
[1517] Anthony Wood notes in the margin: 'This is in Wood's Catalogue': i.e. Wood, l. c., mentions the 1666 (second) edition of the piece (in Latin only).

[1518] Marginal query:—'When was the first copie printed? Vide Bibl. Bodlei.' The printed edition is not in the 1674 Catal. impress. libb. Bibl. Bodl.
[1518] Quick question:—'When was the first copy printed? See Bibl. Bodlei.' The printed edition isn't in the 1674 Catal. impress. libb. Bibl. Bodl.

[1519] Added opposite, on fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Added opposite, on p. 54.

[1520] This query is inserted by Anthony Wood.
[1520] This question was added by Anthony Wood.

[1521] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 54

[1522] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 55.

[1523] Henry Birkhead is meant, 'Birket' representing the slurred pronunciation of the name. Anthony Wood has scored through the 'Dr.' and added a note:—'Birket is not a Dr.'
[1523] Henry Birkhead is referred to, with 'Birket' reflecting the way the name is slurred. Anthony Wood has crossed out 'Dr.' and written a note:—'Birket is not a Dr.'

[1524] Marked MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 56.
[1524] Marked MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 56.

[1525] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 57.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 57.

[1526] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 59.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 59.

[1527] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28:—'He writt his life last yeare (viz. 1673) in Latin verse.'
[1527] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28:—'He wrote his biography last year (i.e., 1673) in Latin verse.'

[1528] Dupl. with 'bookeseller.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'bookseller.'

[1529] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 16: see p. 381.
[1529] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 16: see p. 381.

[1530] Dupl, with 'leave.'
Dupl, with "leave."

[1531] Publ. in 1680; supra, p. 333.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Published in 1680; above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1532] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 42^v.

[1533] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 49.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 49.

[1534] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 50.

[1535] Anthony Wood objects, on fol. 47^v: 'You say p. 11' (i.e. fol. 40) 'that he was acquainted with Mr. Selden and Dr. Harvey. Why do you not set them downe here?' But, as Wood might have remembered, they have been 'already mentioned.'
[1535] Anthony Wood argues, on fol. 47^v: 'You say p. 11' (i.e. fol. 40) 'that he knew Mr. Selden and Dr. Harvey. Why don't you list them here?' But, as Wood should have recalled, they have been 'already mentioned.'

[1536] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 47^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 47

[1537] Aubrey has a memorandum, MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7, 'take ... Ayton's inscription.' See supra, p. 25.
[1537] Aubrey has a note, MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7, 'take ... Ayton's inscription.' See above, p. 25.

[1538] Dupl. with 'perpetuall' or 'lasting.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'permanent' or 'durable.'

[1539] In the Auctarium Vitae Hobbianae, 1681.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ In the Auctarium Vitae Hobbianae, 1681.

[1540] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.

[1541] See infra, p. 371.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1542] On fol. 52^v, Aubrey repeats this name, 'Sir Charles Cavendish.'
[1542] On page 52^v, Aubrey mentions this name again, 'Sir Charles Cavendish.'

[1543] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 51.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 51.

[1544] Aubrey leaves a space for his title or profession, adding the reminder—'Expresse his quality.'
[1544] Aubrey leaves a blank for his title or job, adding the note—'Specify his role.'

[1545] Dupl. with 'They were not much unlike in their countenances.'
[1545] Duplicate with 'They looked quite similar in their faces.'

[1546] Dupl. with 'may.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'may.'

[1547] A memorandum for the date when they first met each other.
[1547] A note for the date when they first met.

[1548] See infra.
See infra.

[1549] See infra, p. 367.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1550] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.

[1551] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 7.

[1552] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.

[1553] Dupl. with 'conscience.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'conscience.'

[1554] Dupl. with 'flatter.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'flatter.'

[1555] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 51.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 51.

[1556] Dupl. with 'from.'
Dupl. with 'from.'

[1557] Scored out here; inserted infra, p. 369.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Struck out here; added below, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1558] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 7.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 7.

[1559] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 51.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 51.

[1560] Suggested by Aubrey as the date of the beginning of the intimacy between Hobbes and Petty. Anthony Wood objects in a note on fol. 50^v:—'Dr. Petty was resident in Oxford 1648-49, and left it (if I am not mistaken) 1652.' Aubrey notes:—'Entred, vide p. 8^b' (i.e. fol. 37^v; supra, p. 336).
[1560] Suggested by Aubrey as the start of the close relationship between Hobbes and Petty. Anthony Wood mentions in a note on fol. 50^v:—'Dr. Petty was in Oxford from 1648-49, and left it (if I’m not mistaken) in 1652.' Aubrey notes:—'Entered, see p. 8^b' (i.e. fol. 37^v; supra, p. 336).

[1561] Aubrey notes:—'Quaere the name of his principall seate in Ireland.'
[1561] Aubrey notes:—'Ask about the name of his main residence in Ireland.'

[1562] Aubrey notes (fol. 50^v):—'Quaere Sir John Hoskyns and Dr. Blackbourne to word this well.'
[1562] Aubrey notes (fol. 50^v):—'Ask Sir John Hoskyns and Dr. Blackbourne to phrase this nicely.'

[1563] Dupl. with 'witt.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'witt.'

[1564] Dupl. with 'particular.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'particular.'

[1565] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52.

[1566] Dupl. with 'graphia.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'graphia.'

[1567] Dupl. with 'liked.'
Dupl. with 'liked.'

[1568] Dupl. with 'excellency.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'excellency.'

[1569] Dupl. with 'acquaintance.'
Dupl. with 'friend.'

[1570] Supra, p. 338.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1571] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 51^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 51^v.

[1572] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 52.

[1573] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 50^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 50

[1574] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Aubr. MS 9, p. 52.

[1575] i.e. the Harvey family.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. the Harvey family.

[1576] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 53.

[1577] 'Page 7,' i.e. fol. 36^v; supra, p. 333.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Page __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__,' meaning fol. 36^v; supra, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_2__.

[1578] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.

[1579] Anthony Wood queries (fol. 53): 'Was not Thomas de Albiis of his acquaintance?' Aubrey answers: 'I beleeve he was.'
[1579] Anthony Wood asks (fol. 53): 'Wasn't Thomas de Albiis someone he knew?' Aubrey replies: 'I believe he was.'

[1580] See note, p. 366.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See note, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1581] i.e. their acquaintance began during Hobbes's abode there.
[1581] i.e. they got to know each other while Hobbes was staying there.

[1582] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 104.
[1582] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 104.

[1583] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 53.

[1584] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 257.
[1584] Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 257.

[1585] Aubrey notes in the margin, 'v. librum'; i.e. look up the title of the book Pell then published to discover the subject he was professor of.
[1585] Aubrey writes in the margin, 'v. librum'; meaning check the title of the book Pell published to see what subject he was a professor of.

[1586] Aubrey notes: 'of Gresham Colledge.'
Aubrey notes: 'of Gresham College.'

[1587] This entry is scored out by Aubrey, in consequence of the following note by Anthony Wood on MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v:—'Dr. Bathurst was never acquainted with him. Those verses were written at the desire of Mr. Bowman, stationer of Oxford, as I have heard the Dr. say.'
[1587] Aubrey crossed out this entry, based on the following note by Anthony Wood on MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v:—'Dr. Bathurst never met him. Those verses were written at the request of Mr. Bowman, a stationer from Oxford, as I've heard the Dr. mention.'

[1588] On fol. 52^v Wood has the note:—'Stubs wrot in his defence against Wallis in a book intituled "A severe enquirie into the late Oneirocritica, or an exact account of the grammaticall part of the controversy between Mr. Thomas Hobbes and John Wallis, D.D." Lond. 1657, 4to.'
[1588] On page 52^v, Wood notes:—'Stubs wrote in his defense against Wallis in a book titled "A Severe Inquiry into the Late Oneirocritica, or an Exact Account of the Grammatical Part of the Controversy Between Mr. Thomas Hobbes and John Wallis, D.D." London, 1657, 4to.'

[1589] Anthony Wood on fol. 52^v has a note:—'Sydney Godolphin was his acquaintance. Why mention you not him?' Aubrey answers:—'Mr. T. Hobbs told me he gave him an hundred pounds in his will, which he recieved: I thought I had entred him'; and later adds, 'Tis entred'; viz. supra, p. 365.
[1589] Anthony Wood on fol. 52^v has a note:—'Sydney Godolphin was his acquaintance. Why didn't you mention him?' Aubrey answers:—'Mr. T. Hobbs told me he left him a hundred pounds in his will, which he received: I thought I had included him'; and later adds, 'It's included'; viz. supra, p. 365.

[1590] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54.

[1591] 1663: see supra, p. 354.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1663: see above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1592] Aubrey uses the astronomical symbol for the planet.
[1592] Aubrey uses the astrological symbol for the planet.

[1593] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 54^v.

[1594] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 34^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 34^v.

[1595] Dupl. with 'truly.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'truly.'

[1596] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 46^v.

[1597] MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 28.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 3, p. 28.

[1598] Changed by Aubrey, when revising, to 1634, supra, p. 331.
[1598] Modified by Aubrey during the revision to 1634, supra, p. 331.

[1599] Scored out. A marginal note, 'This Mr. Blackburn printed' (see infra, p. 395), is also scored out. As also is, 'all his works in ... volumes.'
[1599] Crossed out. A side note, 'This Mr. Blackburn printed' (see infra, p. 395), is also crossed out. So is, 'all his works in ... volumes.'

[1600] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 54.

[1601] The words in square brackets are insertions by Anthony Wood.
[1601] The words in square brackets are additions made by Anthony Wood.

[1602] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 296.
[1602] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 296.

[1603] Subst. for 'for this bishop's worth.'
[1603] Substitute for 'for this bishop's value.'

[1604] The words in square brackets are insertions by Anthony Wood.
[1604] The words in square brackets are additions by Anthony Wood.

[1605] Added by Anthony Wood: who afterwards added the title of the treatise, opposite (on fol. 53^v), viz.:—
[1605] Added by Anthony Wood: who later added the title of the treatise on the opposite page (on fol. 53^v), viz.:—

['Edward, earl of Clarendon: A survey of the dangerous and pernicious errours to church and state in Mr. Hobs book intit. Leviathan; Oxford, 1676, 4to.']
['Edward, Earl of Clarendon: A review of the harmful and destructive errors to church and state in Mr. Hobbes' book titled Leviathan; Oxford, 1676, 4to.']

[1606] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 52

[1607] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.

[1608] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 52^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, page 52.

[1609] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 5.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, p. 5.

[1610] Sic in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sic in the manuscript.

[1611] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 4.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 4.

[1612] Supra, p. 340.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1613] MS. Aubr. 9. fol. 52^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9. p. 52^v.

[1614] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 53^v.

[1615] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 41^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 41^v.

[1616] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 5^v.

[1617] 'Elementorum Jur. Univ. lib. II,' in a partial citation in MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28.
[1617] 'Universal Elements of Law, Volume II,' in a partial citation in MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 28.

[1618] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 6^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 6^v.

[1619] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 54.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 54.

[1620] Ovid. Amor. i. 15. 39.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ovid. Amor. i. 15. 39.

[1621] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 55.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 55.

[1622] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 8; not the original, but a transcript by Aubrey.
[1622] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 8; not the original, but a copy made by Aubrey.

[1623] 1672/3.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1672/3.

[1624] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 9: the original, in James Wheldon's print-like writing.
[1624] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 9: the original, in James Wheldon's print-like handwriting.

[1625] Subst. for 'jugleries.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'juggleries.'

[1626] Probably Dr. William Holder's 'A Supplement to the Philosophical Transactions for July, 1670,' London, 1678, accusing Dr. Wallis of robbing him of the credit of teaching a deaf-mute. See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 309.
[1626] Probably Dr. William Holder's 'A Supplement to the Philosophical Transactions for July, 1670,' London, 1678, accusing Dr. Wallis of stealing his credit for teaching a deaf-mute. See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 309.

[1627] i.e. 1677/8.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 1677/8.

[1628] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 10^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 10^v.

[1629] MS. Aubr. 9. fol. 11.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9. p. 11.

[1630] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 11^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 11^v.

[1631] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 12.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 12.

[1632] Sir George Ent's son: supra, p. 245.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Sir George Ent's son: above, p. __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1633] The address: MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 13^v.
[1633] The address: MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 13^v.

[1634] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 14: the original, in James Wheldon's handwriting.
[1634] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 14: the original, in James Wheldon's handwriting.

[1635] Author of Hudibras.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Author of Hudibras.

[1636] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 15^v.

[1637] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 16.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 16.

[1638] 1679/80.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1679/80.

[1639] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 17^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 17^v.

[1640] Readdressed in another (? William Crooke's) hand:—'at Mr. Moore, in Hammond Alley'; see p. 44.
[1640] Rewritten by someone else (? William Crooke):—'at Mr. Moore's place in Hammond Alley'; see p. 44.

[1641] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 18.

[1642] 1679/80.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 1679/80.

[1643] Subst. for 'Mr. Crooke.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Mr. Crooke.'

[1644] Subst. for 'beginning.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'beginning.'

[1645] Subst. for 'to the parish church.'
[1645] Substitute for 'to the local church.'

[1646] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 18^v.

[1647] 'Anything' followed: scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Anything' followed: crossed out.

[1648] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 19^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 19^v.

[1649] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 19.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, page 19.

[1650] Request added by Wheldon, at the end of the transcript of the will.
[1650] Request added by Wheldon at the end of the will transcript.

[1651] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 20.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 20.

[1652] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 21^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 21^v.

[1653] This part of the address is scored out, and there is substituted, 'for Dr. Blackborn at Jonathan's Coffee.'
[1653] This part of the address is crossed out, and it says, 'for Dr. Blackborn at Jonathan's Coffee.'

[1654] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 3. The letter is sealed with the Aubrey coat:—'a chevron between 3 eagles' heads erased,' an annulet (?) for difference; and marked 'post payd 3d.' The letter is mutilated.
[1654] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 3. The letter is sealed with the Aubrey coat:—'a chevron between 3 eagle heads removed,' an annulet (?) for distinction; and labeled 'post paid 3d.' The letter is damaged.

[1655] Or Hynd: p. 154.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Or Hynd: p. 154.

[1656] Of the church at Westport.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Of the church in Westport.

[1657] So that if there were any old gravestones in the church, they have been destroyed.
[1657] So if there were any old gravestones in the church, they have been destroyed.

[1658] Broad Wiltshire for 'trumps'; see supra, p. 324.
[1658] Broad Wiltshire for 'trumps'; see supra, p. 324.

[1659] Choleric.
Choleric.

[1660] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 3^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, fol. 3^v.

[1661] Admon. of William Ley, last earl of Marlborough of that family, was granted 9 June, 1680.
[1661] The admonition of William Ley, the last earl of that family, was granted on June 9, 1680.

[1662] A jotting on the back of the letter is:—'Malmesbury:—where the steeple is was a church dedicated to St. Paul.'
[1662] A note on the back of the letter reads:—'Malmesbury:—the place where the tower stands used to be a church dedicated to St. Paul.'

[1663] Then a common spelling for 'Alice.'
[1663] Then a typical spelling for 'Alice.'

[1664] This pedigree of Rogers in William Aubrey's hand is found in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 123.
[1664] This family tree of Rogers written by William Aubrey is located in MS. Aubr. 3, fol. 123.

[1665] The address on MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 2^v.
[1665] The address on MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 2^v.

[1666] Published 1681.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Published 1681.

[1667] Republished 1682.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Republished 1682.

[1668] Republ. 1680.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Rep. 1680.

[1669] Publ. 1682.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Pub. 1682.

[1670] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 26. The date of the letter is circ. 1681-2.
[1670] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 26. The letter is dated around 1681-2.

[1671] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 26^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 26^v.

[1672] The address: on MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 27^v.
[1672] The address: on MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 27^v.

[1673] Or 'a nave and two aisles': supra, p. 326.
[1673] Or 'a main area and two side sections': above, p. 326.

[1674] i.e. at sunrise.
i.e. at dawn.

[1675] Now lost: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 192: see supra, p. 65.
[1675] Now missing: Clark's Wood's Life and Times, iv. 192: see above, p. 65.

[1676] Dupl. with 'parke.'
Dupl. with 'parke.'

[1677] Dupl. with 'banquetting-houses.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'banquet halls.'

[1678] Dupl. with 'good.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'good.'

[1679] Anthony Wood, in a note here, approves of this suggestion to add the account of Gorhambury to Aubrey's life of Bacon (supra, p. 77):—''Tis fit you should speak of this, because not mentioned by Dr. Rawley in his life.'
[1679] Anthony Wood, in a note here, supports the idea of including the account of Gorhambury in Aubrey's biography of Bacon (supra, p. 77):—''It's appropriate for you to mention this, as Dr. Rawley didn't include it in his biography.''

[1680] Aubrey notes, fol. 40^v, 'Bring this in elswhere.'
[1680] Aubrey notes, fol. 40^v, 'Include this somewhere else.'

[1681] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 25^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 25

[1682] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 23.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 23.

[1683] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 23^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 23^v.

[1684] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 24.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 24.

[1685] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 24^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 24^v.

[1686] MS. Aubr. 9, fol. 25.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 9, p. 25.

[1687] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 87^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 87^v.

[1688] i.e. 2nd (or 3rd) son.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. 2nd (or 3rd) kid.

[1689] 'hall,' subst. for 'Colledge.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'hall,' noun for 'College.'

[1690] Subst. for '1647.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for '1647.'

[1691] Subst. for 'whom he instructed first in.'
[1691] Substitute for 'whom he first taught.'

[1692] Subst. for 'Here.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'Here.'

[1693] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 88.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 88.

[1694] Anthony Wood notes here—'upon ... Jones his death.'
[1694] Anthony Wood mentions here—'upon ... Jones his death.'

[1695] Dupl. with 'bowells.'
Dupl. with 'bowels.'

[1696] See p. 378.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ See page __A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_1__.

[1697] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 10. Aubrey gives the coat, 'azure, semée of fleur-de-lys, a lion rampant argent [Holland].'
[1697] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 10. Aubrey describes the coat as 'blue, sprinkled with lilies, a silver lion standing on its hind legs [Holland].'

[1698] The words followed 'I thinke; quaere de hoc of A. Wood'; scored out.
[1698] The words followed 'I think; question this about A. Wood'; crossed out.

[1699] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 20^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 20v.

[1700] κειμελια in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ text in MS.

[1701] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 121^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 23, p. 121^v.

[1702] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 26.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 26.

[1703] i.e. Hollar's father's patent.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. Hollar's dad's patent.

[1704] Subst. for 'was bred up to it.'
[1704] Short for 'was raised to do it.'

[1705] for μύωψ.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ for myops.

[1706] Thomas Howard, earl of Arundel, Surrey, and Norfolk, died at Padua, 1646.
[1706] Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, Surrey, and Norfolk, died in Padua, 1646.

[1707] Subst. for 'dyed but poor.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Short for 'broke from dyeing.'

[1708] MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 7, fol. 5^v.

[1709] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 77^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 8, p. 77^v.

[1710] The use of the Jacob's Staffe. Lond. 1590.
[1710] The use of the Jacob's Staff. Lond. 1590.

[1711] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 56^v: as also in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270^v.
[1711] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 56^v: as well as in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270^v.

[1712] MS. Aubr. 8, a slip at fol. 99.
[1712] MS. Aubr. 8, a note on page 99.

[1713] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 32.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 32.

[1714] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 29^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 29^v.

[1715] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 32.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Ms. Aubr. 6, p. 32.

[1716] Corrected by Anthony Wood to 'baptized.'
[1716] Corrected by Anthony Wood to 'baptized.'

[1717] Dupl. with 'drew.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Dup. with 'drew.'

[1718] ? Sir Peter Lely.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__? Sir Peter Lely.

[1719] Subst. for 'learnd.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Subst. for 'learned.'

[1720] i.e. £100.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. £100.

[1721] Probably 'to play, 20 lessons, on.'
[1721] Probably 'to play, in 20 lessons, on.'

[1722] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 162, 163.
[1722] See Clark's Wood's Life and Times, i. 162, 163.

[1723] Dupl. with 'and taught him.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'and taught him.'

[1724] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 32^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 32^v.

[1725] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270^v: May 26, 1674.
[1725] Aubrey, in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 270^v: May 26, 1674.

[1726] Ibid., fol. 271.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Same source, p. 271.

[1727] i.e. New Year's gift.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ i.e. New Year's present.

[1728] The paragraph enclosed in square brackets is Hooke's autograph.
[1728] The paragraph inside the square brackets is Hooke's handwritten note.

[1729] Dupl. with 'thought.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'thought.'

[1730] The words in square brackets are Hooke's autograph, added at the time he made the corrections above.
[1730] The words in square brackets are Hooke's handwriting, added when he made the corrections above.

[1731] The text embodies Hooke's corrections of Aubrey's draft. The original draft is given in the margin.
[1731] The text reflects Hooke's updates to Aubrey's draft. The original draft is included in the margin.

[1732] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 142: Oct. 27, 1671.
[1732] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 142: Oct. 27, 1671.

[1733] Aubrey in MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 93.
[1733] Aubrey in MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 93.

[1734] Added by Anthony Wood, from a letter of Aubrey's (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v).
[1734] Added by Anthony Wood, from a letter of Aubrey's (MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 135^v).

[1735] 'He was the eldest,' is added by Anthony Wood.
[1735] 'He was the oldest,' is added by Anthony Wood.

[1736] Dupl. with 'emblem.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Duplicate with 'emblem.'

[1737] Scored out.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Marked off.

[1738] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 93^v.
[1738] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 93^v.

[1739] Robert Bennet, bishop of Hereford 1602-1617.
[1739] Robert Bennet, bishop of Hereford from 1602 to 1617.

[1740] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 94.
[1740] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 94.

[1741] 'And when thou hearest, forgive.' 1 Kings viii. 30.
[1741] 'And when you hear, forgive.' 1 Kings viii. 30.

[1742] Aubrey adds the interpretation:—'quarries.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Aubrey adds the interpretation:—'sources.'

[1743] 'Parke.'
'Parke.'

[1744] 'Harvest.'
'Harvest.'

[1745] 'Chapelle.'
'Chapelle.'

[1746] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 94^v.
[1746] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 94^v.

[1747] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 95.
[1747] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 95.

[1748] 'nomina' in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'nomina' in the manuscript.

[1749] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 95^v.
[1749] MS. Rawl. D. 727, fol. 95^v.

[1750] 'Thebanos' in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'Thebanos' in document.

[1751] Subst. for 'vivere.'
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ Substitute for 'vivere.'

[1752] His step-son, more correctly.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ His stepson, to be precise.

[1753] 'dicavit' in MS.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ 'dicavit' in MS.

[1754] MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 8, fol. 15^v.

[1755] MS. Aubr. 21, p. 15.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 21, p. 15.

[1756] MS. Aubr. 23, notes in foll. 65, 65^v, 67, 67^v.
[1756] MS. Aubr. 23, notes on pages 65, 65^v, 67, 67^v.

[1757] MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 102.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 23, fol. 102.

[1758] MS. Aubr. 23, slips at fol. 100^v.
[1758] MS. Aubr. 23, slips at fol. 100^v.

[1759] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 234: Nov. 15, 1673.
[1759] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 234: Nov. 15, 1673.

[1760] Wood notes here, 'quaere': see the corrections in the next paragraphs.
[1760] Wood points out here, 'query': check the corrections in the following paragraphs.

[1761] i.e. the Oxford 1663 edition of the De globis.
[1761] that is, the Oxford 1663 edition of the De globis.

[1762] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 237: Nov. 30, 1673.
[1762] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 237: Nov. 30, 1673.

[1763] Ibid., fol. 343^v: Aug. 7, 1680.
[1763] Ibid., fol. 343^v: Aug. 7, 1680.

[1764] MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.
__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__ MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 2.

[1765] Henry, 2nd earl.
Henry, 2nd Earl.

[1766] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 366: June 24, 1682.
[1766] Aubrey in MS. Wood F. 39, fol. 366: June 24, 1682.

[1767] Ibid., fol. 250: Jan. 1, 1673/4.
[1767] Same source, page 250: January 1, 1673/4.

[1768] Ibid., fol. 365: June 24, 1682.
[1768] Same source, page 365: June 24, 1682.

[1769] i.e. at that time the old stained windows were still extant.
[1769] meaning that the old stained windows were still there at that time.

OXFORD
OXFORD

PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
Printed at the Clarendon Press

BY HORACE HART, M.A.
BY HORACE HART, M.A.

PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY
Printer for the university

Transcriber's Notes:

Simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors were silently corrected.
Simple spelling, grammar, and typing errors were quietly fixed.

Anachronistic and non-standard spellings retained as printed.
Anachronistic and non-standard spellings kept as printed.

Latin capital letter AW ligature is denoted by AW.
Latin capital letter AW ligature is represented by AW.

Latin small letter e with combining comma and acute above is denoted as é̓.
Latin small letter e with combining comma and acute above is denoted as é̓.

Sidenotes with anchors were moved to paragraph footnotes and renumbered with Roman numeral designators, e.g. [XLII.]
Sidenotes with anchors were moved to paragraph footnotes and renumbered with Roman numeral designators, e.g. [XLII.]

Numeric footnotes at chapter ends were redesignated with consecutive alphabetic letters, e.g. [AP], and moved to the ends of the chapters if they weren't already there.
Numeric footnotes at the end of chapters were changed to consecutive alphabetic letters, e.g. [AP], and relocated to the end of the chapters if they weren't already there.

All other footnotes were denoted with Arabic numerals, e.g. [42], and moved to end notes.
All other footnotes were marked with Arabic numerals, like [42], and moved to end notes.

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'Brief Lives,' chiefly of Contemporaries, set down by John Aubrey, between the years 1669 and 1696

PREFACE

CONTENTS

SYNOPSIS OF THE 'LIVES'

BEFORE HENRY VIII.

HENRY VIII—MARY (†1558).

ELIZABETH (†1603).

JAMES I (†1625).

CHARLES I (†1649).

COMMONWEALTH.

CHARLES II (†1685) and JAMES II.

AUBREY'S PERSONAL FRIENDS.

INTRODUCTION

I. Origin of the 'Lives.'

II. Condition of the 'Lives' Text.

III. Purpose of this Edition.

IV. Description of the Manuscripts.

(A)—MS. Aubr. 6, fol.[16] 2:—

(B)—MS. Aubr. 6, fol. 12:—

i. Aubrey to Anthony Wood.

ii. Aubrey to Richard Blackburne.

V. The Classic Version.

THE 'LIVES'

George Abbot (1562-1633).

Sir Robert Aiton (1570-1638).

Note.

Aldsworth.

Thomas Allen (1542-1632).

Notes.

Charles Alleyn (obiit 1640?).

Lancelot Andrewes (1555-1626).

Notes.

Francis Anthony (1550-1623).

Notes.

Thomas Archer (1554-1630?).

John Ashindon (obiit 13—?).

Elias Ashmole (1617-1692).

Deborah Aubrey (1609/10-1685/6).

Her accidents.

Note.

John Aubrey (1626-1697).

Amici.

Scripsit[198].

[214]Accidents of John Aubrey[AI].

Notes.

William Aubrey (1529-1595).

Additions by Aubrey.

<Letter by Dr. W. Aubrey: supra, p. 59.>

Notes.

Francis Bacon (1561-1626).

<His coat of arms.>

<Miscellaneous Notes.>

<His admirers and acquaintances.>

<Personal characteristics.>

<His poems.>

<His writings.>

[296]Apothegmata.

<His death and burial.>

<His relatives.>

<His residences.>

Verulam House__A_TAG_PLACEHOLDER_0__.

Roger Bacon (1214-1294).

Note.

Thomas Badd (1607-1683).

Edward Bagshaw (1629-1671).

Note.

Jean Louis Guez de Balzac (1594-1655).

Richard Bancroft (1544-1610).

John Barclay (1582-1621). Robert Barclay (1648-1690).

Isaac Barrow (1630-1677).

... Barrow (16..-168.).

Thomas Batchcroft (15..-1670).

George Bate (1608-1668).

Francis Beaumont (1584-1616).

William Bedwell (15..-1632).

William Beeston (16..-1682).

Richard Benese (14..-1546).

Berkeley.

Willoughby Bertie, 3rd earl of Abingdon (1692-1760).

Henry Billingsley (15..-1606).

'Brief Lives,' chiefly of Contemporaries,
set down by John Aubrey, between
the years 1669 and 1696

Scripsit [198].

[214]Accidents of John Aubrey [AI].

John Barclay (1582-1621).
Robert Barclay (1648-1690).

<A Letter from Edward Gibson about Thomas Brightman [BG].>

<A note written by him [BK].>

[553]Inscription on his monument [554].

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